Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Galatians (English → Dogri)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Galatians 1–6 in full. Terms marked [BASELINE REUSE] carry forward the exact rendering already fixed in the Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and MUST NOT be altered. New terms specific to Galatians are proposed here for addition to translation memory ahead of Phase 2, with risk tier and grounded rationale following the same convention as the baseline.
Table 1 — Baseline Terms Reused Directly from Romans (no change permitted)
| Term | Dogri Rendering | Risk (baseline) | Galatians occurrences (representative) |
|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | खरी खबर | High | 1:6-9,11; 2:2,5,7,14; 3:8 |
| grace | बिना कमाई दित्ती दया | Critical | 1:3,6,15; 2:9,21; 5:4; 6:18 |
| faith | भरोसा | High | 2:16,20; 3:2-26; 5:5-6,22; 6:10 |
| righteousness | धरमीपन | Critical | 2:21; 3:6,21; 5:5 |
| justification | धर्मी ठहराए जाना | Critical | 2:16-17; 3:8,11,24; 5:4 |
| imputed righteousness | गिनी गेई धरमीपन | Critical | 3:6 |
| apostle | भेजेआ होया | Medium | 1:1,17,19 |
| called / calling | सद्देआ होया / सद्द | High | 1:6,15; 5:8,13 |
| holy spirit | पवित्तर आत्मा | Critical | 3:2,5,14; 4:6,29; 5:5,16-25; 6:1,8 |
| adoption | गोद लैने आह् पुत्तर बनाना | High | 4:5 |
| resurrection | मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना | Critical | 1:1 |
| lord | प्रभु | Critical | 1:3,19; 6:14,18 |
| son of God | परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर | Critical | 1:16; 2:20; 4:4 |
| incarnation | मानखे दा रूप लैना | Critical | 4:4 (conceptual) |
| peace | शान्ति | Medium | 1:3; 5:22; 6:16 |
| fellowship | संगत | Low | 2:9 |
| church | कलीसिया | Medium | 1:2,13 |
| kingdom of god | परमेश्वर दा राज्य | Medium | 5:21 |
| law | व्यवस्था | High | throughout 2:16–6:13 |
| sin | पाप | High | 1:4; 2:17; 3:22 |
| gentiles | गैर-यहूदी | Medium | 1:16; 2:12-15; 3:8 |
| glory | महिमा | High | 1:5,24 |
| covenant | नियम | High | 3:15,17; 4:24 |
| israel | इस्राएल | Medium | 6:16 |
| jesus | यीशु | Critical | throughout |
| god | परमेश्वर | Critical | throughout |
| father | पिता | Critical | 1:1,3,4; 4:6 |
| abba | अब्बा | High | 4:6 |
| messiah/christ | मसीह | Critical | throughout |
Table 2 — New Galatians-Specific Terms, by Curriculum Doctrine
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| another/false gospel | ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον | heteron euangelion | झूठी खबर | jhuthi khabar | Critical | Retains the true/false contrast on the same root word as the baseline’s खरी खबर (true news), preserving Paul’s polemical wordplay; never render as if it were merely a variant “good news” |
| anathema/accursed | ἀνάθεμα | anathema | फिटकार | phitkar | High | Chosen over बare श्राप for this specific apostolic-condemnation formula, kept distinct from the “curse” entry below and its Baba Jitto risk |
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not from man, not through man | οὐκ ἀπ᾿ ἀνθρώπων οὐδὲ διὰ ἀνθρώπου | ouk ap’ anthrōpōn oude dia anthrōpou | मनुक्खां थमां नईं, न मनुक्ख दे राहें | manukkhan thamā nain, na manukkh de rahen | Medium | Establishes divine, non-human-mediated commissioning; foundational to letter’s authority claim |
| revelation | ἀποκάλυψις | apokalypsis | परमेश्वर दा प्रकाशन | Parmeshwar da prakashan | Medium | Source of Paul’s gospel is direct divine disclosure, not inherited human tradition |
| man-pleasing / God-pleasing | ἀνθρωπαρέσκος / θεῷ ἀρέσκειν | anthrōpareskos / theō areskein | मनुक्खां गी राजी करना / परमेश्वर गी राजी करना | manukkhan gi raji karna / Parmeshwar gi raji karna | Medium | Ties apostolic integrity to gospel-purity |
| tradition of the fathers | πατρικαὶ παραδόσεις | patrikai paradoseis | पूर्वजां दी रीत-रिवाज | purvajan di reet-rivaj | Medium | Reuses baseline’s existing caution (obedience_of_faith notes) about inherited Dogra Rajput ritual/social custom as a rival authority to gospel-revelation |
Doctrine: Law and Grace / The Law’s Purpose
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| works of the law | ἔργα νόμου | erga nomou | व्यवस्था दे कम्म | vyavastha de kamm | High | Must be distinguished from धरमीपन (righteousness) itself; names the rejected means, not a synonym for obedience |
| curse of the law / became a curse | κατάρα τοῦ νόμου / κατάρα | katara tou nomou / katara | (व्यवस्था दा / परमेश्वर दा) श्राप | (vyavastha da / Parmeshwar da) shraap | High | Never used bare — Baba Jitto’s folk-curse pronounced on the exploitative landlord’s lineage, commemorated at Aghar Jitto shrine and Jitto Da Mela, is a live, specific local curse-narrative that must not be conflated with this biblical, judicial concept |
| redeemed (bought back) | ἐξαγοράζω | exagorazō | मुल्ल देइयै छुड़ाना | mull deiyai chhudana | High | Direction of transaction reversed from the Vaishno Devi mannat economy: Christ pays to free humans, not humans paying God for a boon |
| guardian (paidagōgos) | παιδαγωγός | paidagōgos | रखवाल्ला | rakhwalla | Medium | Never गुरु — avoids elevating this temporary, subordinate custodial role to the reverent teacher-devotee status गुरु carries across North Indian religious culture |
| imprisoned/kept under the law | φρουρέω / συγκλείω | phroureō / sygkleiō | व्यवस्था दी हिरासत हेठ रक्खे जाना | vyavastha di hirasat heth rakkhe jana | High | Captures the law’s genuinely restrictive, preparatory custodial function without softening |
| law added because of transgressions | τῶν παραβάσεων χάριν | tōn parabaseōn charin | अपराधां दे कारण दित्ती गेई व्यवस्था | aprādhan de kāran ditti gei vyavastha | High | States the law’s temporary, subordinate purpose precisely |
| law of Christ | νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ | nomos tou Christou | मसीह दी व्यवस्था | masih di vyavastha | Medium | Distinguished from Mosaic व्यवस्था as rejected justification-basis; here names Christ’s love-ethic |
| fallen from grace | τῆς χάριτος ἐξεπέσατε | tēs charitos exepesate | बिना कमाई दित्ती दया थमां डिग्गना | bina kamai ditti daya thamā diggna | Critical | Must not be read as grace being lost through unmet vow/devotion (mannat logic); describes abandoning the grace-basis by turning to a law-basis |
| nullify grace | ἀθετέω | atheteō | बिना कमाई दित्ती दया गी रद्द करना | bina kamai ditti daya gi radd karna | Critical | Core-passage term (2:21); grace’s value is voided if law-righteousness is affirmed |
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crucified with Christ | συσταυρόω | systauroō | मसीह कन्नै सूली उप्पर चढ़ाए जाना | masih kannai sooli uppar chadhae jana | Critical | Names the whole doctrine; union with Christ specifically in his death, ongoing present effect |
| cross / crucify | σταυρός / σταυρόω | stauros / stauroō | सूली / सूली उप्पर चढ़ाना | sooli / sooli uppar chadhana | Low | Standard regional Christian usage |
| gave himself for me/us | παραδίδωμι ἑαυτόν | paradidōmi heauton | आपणी जान (मिगी/असां आस्तै) दित्ती | aapni jaan (migi/asan aastai) ditti | Critical | Never अर्पण — avoids the ritual puja-offering-to-a-deity association (e.g. flower/food अर्पण at Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort); this is substitutionary self-giving death for sinners, not devotional offering to God |
| died in vain / for no purpose | δωρεὰν ἀπέθανεν | dōrean apethanen | अजाईं मरना | ajain marna | High | Closing logical capstone of the core passage; if law-righteousness were valid, the cross would be pointless |
| world crucified to me, I to the world | κόσμος ἐσταύρωται | kosmos estaurōtai | दुनिया मिगी आस्तै सूली उप्पर चढ़ी होई ऐ, ते मैं दुनिया आस्तै | duniya migi aastai sooli uppar chadhi hoi ai, te main duniya aastai | High | Extension of union-with-Christ theme to total severance from worldly honor-systems |
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| promise | ἐπαγγελία | epangelia | वादा | vada | Medium | Precedes and is not annulled by the later-given law |
| seed / offspring | σπέρμα | sperma | अब्राहम दा वंश | Abraham da vansh | High | Paul’s argument depends on the Greek singular form (= Christ, then extended to believers); Dogri वंश does not naturally preserve this singular/collective ambiguity — flag for translators |
| blessing of Abraham | εὐλογία τοῦ Ἀβραάμ | eulogia tou Abraam | अब्राहम दी आशीष | Abraham di ashish | Medium | Never वरदान (a boon granted for devotion/vow), consistent with baseline’s spiritual_gifts precedent |
| mediator | μεσίτης | mesitēs | बिचाल्ले होने वाला | bichalle hone wala | Medium | Same word-family as baseline’s intercession; names Moses’ lesser, indirect role vs. the direct promise-relationship of faith |
| heir / heirs according to promise | κληρονόμος | klēronomos | वारिस / वादे दे मताबिक वारिस | waris / vade de mutabiq waris | High | Resonates with, and must correct, Dogra Rajput lineage-based inheritance/izzat expectations: spiritual inheritance is by promise, not bloodline |
| sons of God (believers, plural, derived) | υἱοὶ θεοῦ | huioi theou | परमेश्वर दे पुत्तर | Parmeshwar de puttar | High | Must be kept distinct from Christ’s unique, Critical, singular Sonship (परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर) |
| baptized into Christ / put on Christ | βαπτίζω εἰς Χριστόν / ἐνδύω Χριστόν | baptizō eis Christon / endyō Christon | मसीह च बपतिस्मा लैना / मसीह गी पैहरना | masih ch baptisma laina / masih gi pehrna | High | Union-with-Christ initiation language |
| neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female | οὔτε…οὔτε | oute…oute | न यहूदी न यूनानी, न गुलाम न आजाद, न मरद न जनानी | na yahudi na yunani, na gulam na azad, na marad na janani | High | Directly challenges caste/lineage/honor-rank spiritual hierarchy, including Dogra Rajput izzat stratification; retain unqualified per Romans package’s existing rule for this doctrine |
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law | ἐξαπέστειλεν…γενόμενον ἐκ γυναικός | exapesteilen…genomenon ek gynaikos | परमेश्वर दे पुत्तर दा जनानिये थमां जन्म लैना | Parmeshwar de puttar da jananiye thamā janam laina | Critical | NEVER अवतार — Raghunath Mandir’s Dogra-royal-patronized Rama-avatar devotion makes avatar-theology unusually locally salient; this text is exactly the kind a hearer could otherwise map onto avatar-descent narratives |
| Spirit of the Son crying “Abba, Father” | τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ υἱοῦ…Ἀββᾶ ὁ πατήρ | to pneuma tou huiou…Abba ho patēr | पवित्तर आत्मा…अब्बा, पिता पुकारदी होई | pavittar aatma…Abba, pita pukardi hoi | High | Identical formula to Romans 8:15 — cross-curriculum consistency required |
| no longer a slave but a son, an heir | οὐκέτι δοῦλος ἀλλὰ υἱός…κληρονόμος | ouketi doulos alla huios…klēronomos | हुण गुलाम नईं बल्कि पुत्तर…ते वारिस | hun gulam nain balki puttar…te waris | High | Summary of Adoption doctrine; guards against reduced-status reading given izzat culture |
| formerly served those not gods by nature | ἐδουλεύσατε τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσιν θεοῖς | edouleusate tois physei mē ousin theois | ओह् जेह् सुभाव कन्नै परमेश्वर नईं न, उंआं दी सेवा करना | oh jeh subhav kannai Parmeshwar nain na, unan di seva karna | High | Direct address to former idol-devotion; requires doctrinal clarity without gratuitous derision of family members’ ongoing devotional practice |
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| freedom / liberty | ἐλευθερία | eleutheria | आजादी | azadi | High | Must not be confused with मुक्ति (rebirth-cycle liberation, forbidden throughout baseline for salvation); also distinct from India’s political-independence sense of the same word |
| slavery / yoke of slavery | δουλεία / ζυγὸς δουλείας | douleia / zygos douleias | गुलामी / गुलामी दा जुआ | gulami / gulami da jua | Medium | Returning to law-based religion is re-entering bondage, the direct opposite of Christ-given freedom |
| servant/slave of Christ | δοῦλος Χριστοῦ | doulos Christou | मसीह दा सेवक | masih da sevak | Low | Positive paradox, distinct from the negative slavery word-family above |
| elemental spirits of the world | στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου | stoicheia tou kosmou | संसारी शुरुआती सत्ता | sansari shuruati satta | High | Never शक्ति (already forbidden for goddess-power/Holy Spirit); must not be equated with Hindu tattva/panchabhuta elemental cosmology |
| observing days, months, seasons, years | ἡμέρας…μῆνας…καιρούς…ἐνιαυτούς | hēmeras…mēnas…kairous…eniautous | दिन-महीने-रुत्तां-साल मनाना | din-mahine-ruttan-saal manana | High | Direct parallel to Duggar region’s own living ritual calendar (festival/pilgrimage timings); critique targets calendar-keeping as a basis of standing before God, not calendar-keeping itself |
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| circumcision | περιτομή | peritomē | खतना | khatna | Medium | In the Indian context this word is primarily associated with Islamic practice; must be clarified via context/notes as the OT Jewish covenant sign, not a reference to conversion to Islam |
| new creation | καινὴ κτίσις | kainē ktisis | नमीं सृष्टि | nami shrishti | High | Must not be conflated with Hindu cosmological creation-cycle (Brahma-Vishnu-Shiva srishti) imagery; a one-time, decisive personal transformation, not a stage in a recurring cosmic cycle |
| marks of Jesus | στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ | stigmata tou Iēsou | मसीह दे निशान | masih de nishan | Medium | Must not be equated with a devotional tilak or pilgrimage-mark (e.g. Vaishno Devi/Raghunath Mandir ash or sandalwood marks); these are involuntary suffering-scars, not a voluntary religious identity-marker |
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| flesh (literal/physical) | σάρξ (literal) | sarx | शरीर | sharir | Medium | Neutral, physical-body sense (e.g. Gal 2:20 “in the flesh”) — must not import the negative ethical sense |
| flesh (ethical/sinful nature) | σάρξ (ethical) | sarx | शरीर (दी इच्छा) | sharir (di ichha) | High | Fallen human nature opposed to the Spirit; disambiguate from the literal sense by context and modifying phrase |
| desire of the flesh | ἐπιθυμία σαρκός | epithymia sarkos | शरीर दी इच्छा | sharir di ichha | High | See above |
| flesh against Spirit | σὰρξ κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος | sarx kata tou pneumatos | शरीर पवित्तर आत्मा दे खिलाफ | sharir pavittar aatma de khilaf | High | Internal moral conflict, not a cosmic dualism of competing deities/forces |
| walk by the Spirit | πνεύματι περιπατεῖτε | pneumati peripateite | पवित्तर आत्मा दे मताबिक चलना | pavittar aatma de mutabiq chalna | Medium | Central positive imperative |
| works of the flesh | ἔργα τῆς σαρκός | erga tēs sarkos | शरीर दे कम्म | sharir de kamm | Medium | Parallel structure to “works of the law,” but ethical rather than soteriological reference |
| idolatry (in vice list) | εἰδωλολατρία | eidōlolatria | मूर्तिपूजा | murtipuja | High | Requires careful, non-inflammatory pastoral framing given temple devotion (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort) and Vaishno Devi pilgrimage practice prominent in Duggar family life; translate faithfully without softening, teach with pastoral sensitivity |
| sorcery | φαρμακεία | pharmakeia | जादू-टोना | jadu-tona | Medium | Distinguish from the astrological-fortune-telling sense already flagged (ज्योतषी, forbidden for “prophet”) |
| crucified the flesh with its passions and desires | τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν | tēn sarka estaurōsan | शरीर गी उसदी इच्छां ते चाहतां कन्नै सूली उप्पर चढ़ाना | sharir gi usdi ichhan te chahatan kannai sooli uppar chadhana | High | Echoes 2:20’s union-with-Christ language applied to ongoing sanctified living |
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fruit of the Spirit (compound doctrine term) | καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος | karpos tou pneumatos | पवित्तर आत्मा दा फल | pavittar aatma da phal | Medium | Grammatically singular “fruit” (integrated character) vs. plural “works” of the flesh — preserve this contrast |
| love | ἀγάπη | agapē | मया | maya | Low | First-listed, foundational virtue |
| joy | χαρά | chara | आनंद | anand | Low | |
| peace | εἰρήνη | eirēnē | शान्ति | shanti | Low | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| patience | μακροθυμία | makrothymia | सब्र | sabr | Low | |
| kindness | χρηστότης | chrēstotēs | नरमी | narmi | Low | |
| goodness | ἀγαθωσύνη | agathōsynē | नेकी | neki | Low | |
| faithfulness (character trait) | πίστις (ethical sense) | pistis | वफादारी | wafadari | Medium | Same Greek lexeme as भरोसा (faith/trust) but a distinct sense here — do not mechanically reuse भरोसा |
| gentleness | πραΰτης | prautēs | हलीमी | halimi | Low | |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια | egkrateia | आपे उप्पर काबू | aape uppar kabu | Low | |
| against such things there is no law | κατὰ τῶν τοιούτων οὐκ ἔστιν νόμος | kata tōn toioutōn ouk estin nomos | इंआं गल्लां दे खिलाफ कोई व्यवस्था नईं ऐ | inan gallan de khilaf koi vyavastha nain ai | Medium | Closing statement tying Fruit of the Spirit back to Law’s Purpose doctrine |
Doctrine: Faith Working through Love
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| faith working through love | πίστις δι᾿ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη | pistis di’ agapēs energoumenē | प्यार दे राहें कम्म करदा भरोसा | pyar de rahen kamm karda bharosa | High | The positive alternative to circumcision-based legal status; neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts |
| whole law fulfilled in “love your neighbor” | ὁ νόμος πεπλήρωται…Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον | ho nomos peplērōtai…Agapēseis ton plēsion | सारी व्यवस्था गुआਂਢੀ कन्नै मया करने च पूरी होंदी ऐ | sari vyavastha guanRdhi kannai maya karne ch puri hondi ai | Medium | Ties Law’s Purpose doctrine to Christian ethical practice |
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bear one another’s burdens | ἀλλήλων τὰ βάρη βαστάζετε | allēlōn ta barē bastazete | इक-दुज्जे दा बोझ चुक्कणा | ik-dujje da bojh chukkna | Medium | Communal outworking of walking by the Spirit |
| bear his own load | τὸ ἴδιον φορτίον βαστάσει | to idion phortion bastasei | आपणा बोझ आप्पू चुक्कणा | aapna bojh aappu chukkna | Low | Balances mutual burden-bearing with personal accountability |
| household of faith | οἰκεῖοι τῆς πίστεως | oikeioi tēs pisteōs | भरोसे दा परिवार | bharose da parivar | Low | Priority, not exclusivity, of care within the church community |
| sow / reap | σπείρω / θερίζω | speirō / therizō | बीजणा / फसल बटोरना | beejna / phasal batorna | High | Moral-causal, not karmic-cyclical; must not be read through a rebirth/samsara framework |
| eternal life (as harvest of sowing to the Spirit) | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | zōē aiōnios | हमेशा दी जिन्दगी | hamesha di jindagi | Critical | Retain the same never-मुक्ति caution as उद्धार (salvation); must not be mapped onto liberation-from-rebirth categories |
Narrative / Supporting Terms (chs. 1–2, 4)
| Term | Greek | Translit. | Dogri | Translit. | Risk | Grounded rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pillars (James, Peter, John) | στῦλοι | styloi | थम्म | thamm | Low | Metaphor for foundational leadership; not to be read as temple-architectural pillars |
| right hand of fellowship | δεξιὰς κοινωνίας | dexias koinōnias | संगत दा हक्क हत्थ | sangat da hakk hatth | Low | Formal partnership recognition |
| hypocrisy | ὑπόκρισις | hypokrisis | पाखंड | pakhand | Low | Peter’s inconsistency at Antioch |
| false brothers | ψευδάδελφοι | pseudadelphoi | झूठे भाई | jhuthe bhai | Low | Those secretly working to reimpose law-observance |
| allegory | ἀλληγορούμενα | allēgoroumena | रूपक | rupak | Low | Paul’s own explicit typological signal (Hagar/Sarah) |
| slave woman / free woman | παιδίσκη / ἐλευθέρα | paidiskē / eleuthera | गुलाम जनानी / आजाद जनानी | gulam janani / azad janani | Medium | Types of the two covenants |
| Jerusalem above | ἡ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλήμ | hē anō Ierousalēm | उप्परली यरूशलेम | upperli Yerushalem | Medium | Eschatological reality; avoid mountain-shrine pilgrimage-geography resonance |
| children of promise | τέκνα ἐπαγγελίας | tekna epangelias | वादे दे बच्चे | vade de bachche | Medium | Corrects lineage-descent-based identity claims |
| fullness of time | τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ χρόνου | to plērōma tou chronou | वेले दी पूरतऽ | vele di poorat | Medium | Purposive divine timing, never किस्मत (fate) |
| guardians and managers | ἐπίτροποι / οἰκονόμοι | epitropoi / oikonomoi | रखवाल्ले ते मुनीम | rakhwalle te munim | Medium | Reinforces temporary, subordinate status of law-era supervision |
Risk Summary (Galatians-specific new terms)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 7 | Human theologian |
| High | 24 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 22 | Native speaker review (theologian for those touching Critical-adjacent doctrines) |
| Low | 12 | Automated review |
Note: This count covers new Galatians-specific terms only. All Table 1 baseline-reused terms retain their original Romans-package risk tier and review routing unchanged, per the Language Package’s cross-document consistency rule.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: बिना कमाई दित्ती दया
Transliteration: bina kamai ditti daya
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: मन्नत दा फल (vow-granted boon, never use), पुण्य (merit, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Galatians the threat to grace’s unearned character is not only the Vaishno Devi mannat economy but also a law-based substitute (works of the law); this book guards both threats with equal force (2:21; 5:4).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धरमीपन
Transliteration: dharmipan
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धरम (Dogra Rajput caste/lineage-duty associations, never use)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to Gal 2:21; 3:6,21; 5:5.
Justification
Approved rendering: धर्मी ठहराए जाना
Transliteration: dharmi thehrae jana
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: माफी मिलना (forgiveness only, too narrow)
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιωθῆναι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Stated three times in Gal 2:16 — the triple repetition must be preserved as repetition, never smoothed into variation.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: गिनी गेई धरमीपन
Transliteration: gini gei dharmipan
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: कमाई गेई धरमीपन (earned righteousness, explicitly rejected)
Original: ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Same Genesis 15:6 citation reused at Gal 3:6; must remain identical across both curricula.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा
Transliteration: pavittar aatma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, never use), परमात्मा alone (Hindu universal Self, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Pervasive in Galatians (3:2,5,14; 4:6,29; 5:5,16-25; 6:1,8).
Resurrection
Approved rendering: मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना
Transliteration: murdaghara cha jinda hona
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Referenced at Gal 1:1.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: महाराजा (historic Dogra dynastic title, never use)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in Galatians’ greeting (1:3) and closing benediction (6:14,18).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da puttar
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (avatar-descent, explicit downgrade, never use)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Gal 1:16; 2:20; 4:4. MUST be kept lexically and doctrinally distinct from believers’ plural sonship (परमेश्वर दे पुत्तर, दा vs दे) — see sons_of_god_believers below.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: मानखे दा रूप लैना
Transliteration: mankhe da roop laina
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (never use)
Original: γενόμενον ἐκ γυναικός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Conceptually underlies Gal 4:4 (‘born of woman’); NEVER अवतार, given Raghunath Mandir’s Dogra-royal-patronized Rama-avatar devotion.
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा (reserve for interfaith-dialogue framing only)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used throughout Galatians.
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान (broad Hindu deity usage, avoid)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in Galatians’ opening greeting (1:1,3,4) and the Abba-cry passage (4:6).
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used throughout Galatians as part of the compound name ‘Christ Jesus.‘
False Gospel
Approved rendering: झूठी खबर
Transliteration: jhuthi khabar
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Rejected alternatives: वैकल्पिक खबर (‘alternative news’ — implies a legitimate variant, rejected)
Original: ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Gospel
New term. Retains the true/false wordplay on the same root as खरी खबर (Gal 1:6-9,11). Paul’s point is that no legitimate variant gospel exists; never soften to imply merely one ‘good news’ option among the Duggar region’s coexisting devotional paths.
Nullify Grace
Approved rendering: बिना कमाई दित्ती दया गी रद्द करना
Transliteration: bina kamai ditti daya gi radd karna
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Rejected alternatives: बेकार करना (weaker, insufficient force for this core-passage term)
Original: ἀθετέω
Category: Salvation
New term. Core-passage term (Gal 2:21); grace’s value is voided if law-righteousness is affirmed, even without intending it.
Fallen From Grace
Approved rendering: बिना कमाई दित्ती दया थमां डिग्गना
Transliteration: bina kamai ditti daya thamā diggna
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Original: τῆς χάριτος ἐξεπέσατε
Category: Salvation
New term (Gal 5:4). Doubly vulnerable: must not be read through the Vaishno Devi mannat-forfeiture logic, AND डिग्गना’s colloquial register (moral/social disgrace, izzat loss) must not be allowed to reinforce an honor-culture misreading. Describes abandoning the grace-basis of justification by turning to a law-basis, not losing an earned or vowed benefit.
Crucified With Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह कन्नै सूली उप्पर चढ़ाए जाना
Transliteration: masih kannai sooli uppar chadhae jana
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: Χριστῷ συνεσταύρωμαι
Category: Christology
New term naming the letter’s own doctrine (Gal 2:20; echoed 5:24; 6:14). Must not be softened into mere moral influence — this is ontological union, the believer’s old self under the law’s condemnation put to death with Christ, once, with ongoing present effect.
Gave Himself For Me
Approved rendering: आपणी जान (मिगी/असां) आस्तै दित्ती
Transliteration: aapni jaan (migi/asan) aastai ditti
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Rejected alternatives: अर्पण — MUST NEVER be used; a ritual devotional offering presented TO a deity in Hindu puja (e.g. at Raghunath Mandir or Bahu Fort)
Original: παραδόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ / δόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν
Category: Christology
New term (Gal 1:4; 2:20). Direction of self-giving runs from Christ TO the sinner, at Christ’s cost — the reverse of a devotional offering. This direction-of-transaction reversal is the entire doctrinal point; a wrong word choice here inverts the gospel’s logic.
God Sent Forth His Son
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दे पुत्तर दा जनानिये थमां जन्म लैना (मानखे दा रूप लैना)
Transliteration: Parmeshwar de puttar da jananiye thamā janam laina (mankhe da roop laina)
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार — MUST NEVER be used
Original: ἐξαπέστειλεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, γενόμενον ἐκ γυναικός, γενόμενον ὑπὸ νόμον
Category: Christology
New term (Gal 4:4). CRITICAL: this is the single highest-salience wrong-word risk in the letter. Raghunath Mandir’s Dogra-royal-patronized Rama-avatar devotion makes avatar-descent categories locally prestigious and immediately available; ‘born of a woman’ is exactly the kind of statement a hearer could otherwise map onto an avatar-descent narrative. Render descriptively as the eternal Son’s permanent, unique assumption of human nature.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: हमेशा दी जिन्दगी
Transliteration: hamesha di jindagi
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति — MUST NEVER be used
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
New term (Gal 6:8). The outcome of sowing to the Spirit; retains the same never-मुक्ति caution documented for उद्धार (salvation) — must not be mapped onto liberation-from-rebirth categories.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: खरी खबर
Transliteration: khari khabar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: सुसमाचार (Hindi Christian loanword; avoid)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Gospel
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Galatians this is the letter’s contested center (1:6-9,11; 2:2,5,7,14; 3:8), forming the true/false root-pair with false_gospel below.
Faith
Approved rendering: भरोसा
Transliteration: bharosa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा (generalized devotional reverence, too broad)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Object of faith (यीशु मसीह) stated three times in Gal 2:16 alone; must never be reused for the distinct ethical sense ‘faithfulness’ at 5:22 (see faithfulness entry).
Called
Approved rendering: सद्देआ होया
Transliteration: saddea hoya
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: सद्दा दित्ता (invited, too weak)
Original: κλητός / καλέω
Category: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used of God’s call to grace (1:6,15) and to freedom (5:13).
Calling
Approved rendering: सद्द
Transliteration: sadd
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged.
Adoption
Approved rendering: गोद लैने आह् पुत्तर बनाना
Transliteration: god laine aah puttar banana
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Sonship
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Gal 4:5 states this as the purpose of redemption from the law’s curse; chosen precisely to guard against a reduced-status reading given Dogra Rajput izzat culture.
Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: vyavastha
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Rejected alternatives: धरम (Dogra Rajput lineage-duty associations, never use)
Original: νόμος
Category: Law
Inherited from Romans package (risk tier elevated from Medium to High for Galatians, per doctrine_risk_registry.json, given how pervasively the book argues over the law’s relation to grace and promise, 2:16-6:13).
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: paap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: भिट्ट (ritual impurity, never use)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Gal 1:4; 2:17; 3:22.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Closes Galatians’ opening doxology (1:5,24).
Covenant
Approved rendering: नियम
Transliteration: niyam
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Rejected alternatives: समझौता (negotiated deal/contract, too transactional)
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The Abrahamic covenant (prior, unchangeable) is contrasted with the later Mosaic law (3:15,17) and structures the Hagar/Sarah two-covenant allegory (4:24).
Abba
Approved rendering: अब्बा
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: Ἀββᾶ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Gal 4:6 uses the identical formula to Romans 8:15 (‘the Spirit of the Son…crying Abba, Father’); must render identically across both curricula.
Anathema
Approved rendering: फिटकार
Transliteration: phitkar
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Rejected alternatives: बare श्राप (would collide with curse_of_the_law’s Baba Jitto risk, never use here)
Original: ἀνάθεμα
Category: Gospel
New term. Pronounced twice (1:8-9), the strongest formula of rejection in Paul’s vocabulary. Kept lexically distinct from curse_of_the_law’s श्राप so the two are never conflated; this names an apostolic doctrinal condemnation, not a folk curse-narrative.
Truth Of The Gospel
Approved rendering: खरी खबर दा सत्त
Transliteration: khari khabar da satt
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Original: ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγελίου
Category: Gospel
New term. Peter’s Antioch conduct was ‘not in step with’ this (2:14) — the gospel has behavioral, not merely doctrinal, integrity.
Works Of The Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था दे कम्म
Transliteration: vyavastha de kamm
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Original: ἔργα νόμου
Category: Law
New term (Gal 2:16; 3:2,5,10). Fixed technical compound with no colloquial precedent; must never be decomposed or paraphrased differently across occurrences. Names the rejected means, not a synonym for righteousness/धरमीपन itself.
Curse Of The Law
Approved rendering: (व्यवस्था दा) श्राप
Transliteration: (vyavastha da) shraap
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Rejected alternatives: bare श्राप — MUST NEVER be used unqualified
Original: κατάρα τοῦ νόμου / κατάρα
Category: Law
New term (Gal 3:10,13, citing Deut 27:26 and 21:23). Highest local-collision risk in the curriculum: bare श्राप sits directly on top of Baba Jitto’s folk-curse pronounced on the exploitative landlord’s lineage, commemorated at the Aghar Jitto shrine and annual Jitto Da Mela. Always render with the parenthetical qualifier (व्यवस्था दा) or (परमेश्वर दा) — hard validation rule, never stylistic-only.
Law Added Transgressions
Approved rendering: अपराधां दे कारण दित्ती गेई व्यवस्था
Transliteration: aprādhan de kāran ditti gei vyavastha
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: νόμος…τῶν παραβάσεων χάριν
Category: Law
New term (Gal 3:19). States the law’s genuinely restrictive, temporary, preparatory purpose precisely; must not be softened.
Imprisoned Under Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था दी हिरासत हेठ रक्खे जाना
Transliteration: vyavastha di hirasat heth rakkhe jana
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα…συγκλειόμενοι
Category: Law
New term (Gal 3:23). Captures the law’s genuinely restrictive custodial function; must not be sanitized into a merely neutral supervisory arrangement.
Redeemed
Approved rendering: मुल्ल देइयै छुड़ाना
Transliteration: mull deiyai chhudana
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: ἐξαγοράζω
Category: Law
New term (Gal 3:13; 4:5). Note the direction of the transaction is the reverse of the Vaishno Devi mannat economy: Christ pays the price to free humans from the law’s curse, at his own cost, not theirs.
Died To The Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था आस्तै मरना
Transliteration: vyavastha aastai marna
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Original: νόμῳ ἀπέθανον
Category: Law
New term (Gal 2:19). Core-passage formula, structurally parallel to Romans 7’s ‘dead to the law’ but rendered independently here; must not be confused with the resurrection phrase (मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना).
Died In Vain
Approved rendering: मसीह अजाईं मरिया
Transliteration: masih ajain mariya
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: Χριστὸς δωρεὰν ἀπέθανεν
Category: Christology
New term (Gal 2:21). Core passage’s logical capstone: if law-righteousness were valid, Christ’s death would be pointless. Must retain full rhetorical force, never flattened into mild regret.
World Crucified To Me
Approved rendering: दुनिया मिगी आस्तै सूली उप्पर चढ़ी होई ऐ, ते मैं दुनिया आस्तै
Transliteration: duniya migi aastai sooli uppar chadhi hoi ai, te main duniya aastai
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: ἐμοὶ κόσμος ἐσταύρωται κἀγὼ κόσμῳ
Category: Christology
New term (Gal 6:14). Extension of union-with-Christ theme to total severance from worldly honor-systems, directly relevant given Dogra Rajput izzat culture’s own honor-system.
In Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह च
Transliteration: masih ch
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: ἐν Χριστῷ
Category: Christology
New term (Gal 2:17; 3:26-28). Union-with-Christ locative formula; being ‘found righteous’ or ‘sons of God’ happens only inside this union, not through law-observance or lineage.
Crucified The Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर गी उसदी इच्छां ते चाहतां कन्नै सूली उप्पर चढ़ाना
Transliteration: sharir gi usdi ichhan te chahatan kannai sooli uppar chadhana
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν σὺν τοῖς παθήμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:24). Echoes 2:20’s union-with-Christ language, applied to ongoing sanctified living rather than the once-for-all justification event.
Seed Of Abraham
Approved rendering: अब्राहम दा वंश
Transliteration: Abraham da vansh
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: σπέρμα
Category: Covenant
New term (Gal 3:16,19,29). Paul’s argument depends on the Greek singular grammatical form (referring to Christ specifically, then extended to all in Christ); Dogri वंश does not naturally preserve this singular/collective ambiguity. This is a genuine, unfixable grammatical gap — resolve by mandatory translator note at every occurrence, never by an invented artificial Dogri singular/plural distinction.
Heir
Approved rendering: वारिस
Transliteration: waris
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Sonship
New term (Gal 3:29; 4:1,7). One who inherits by promise, not bloodline. Resonates strongly with, and must be taught as correcting, Dogra Rajput lineage-based inheritance and honor (izzat) expectations.
Sons Of God Believers
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दे पुत्तर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar de puttar
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: υἱοὶ θεοῦ
Category: Sonship
New term (Gal 3:26). MUST be kept lexically and doctrinally distinct from Christ’s unique, Critical, singular Sonship (परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर). The दा/दे distinction is a single-character marker carrying Critical doctrinal stakes; treat as a hard-validated pair at every occurrence, not a matter of style.
Spirit Of The Son
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा…अब्बा, पिता पुकारदी होई
Transliteration: pavittar aatma…Abba, pita pukardi hoi
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ υἱοῦ…κρᾶζον Ἀββᾶ ὁ πατήρ
Category: Sonship
New term (Gal 4:6). Identical formula to Romans 8:15; cross-curriculum consistency required per the baseline’s theological consistency rule.
No Longer Slave But Son
Approved rendering: हुण गुलाम नईं बल्कि पुत्तर…ते वारिस
Transliteration: hun gulam nain balki puttar…te waris
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: οὐκέτι εἶ δοῦλος ἀλλὰ υἱός…καὶ κληρονόμος
Category: Sonship
New term (Gal 4:7). Summary statement of the believer’s full, not reduced, adoptive heir-status; guards against a reading through Dogra Rajput izzat/legitimate-birthright expectations.
Neither Jew Nor Greek
Approved rendering: न यहूदी न यूनानी, न गुलाम न आजाद, न मरद न जनानी
Transliteration: na yahudi na yunani, na gulam na azad, na marad na janani
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: οὔτε Ἰουδαῖος οὔτε Ἕλλην…οὔτε δοῦλος οὔτε ἐλεύθερος…οὔτε ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ
Category: Church
New term (Gal 3:28). Central proof-text challenging caste/lineage/honor-rank spiritual hierarchy, including Dogra Rajput izzat stratification. Must be retained unqualified, without softening, per the Romans baseline’s existing rule for this doctrine class.
Baptized Into Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह च बपतिस्मा लैना / मसीह गी पैहरना
Transliteration: masih ch baptisma laina / masih gi pehrna
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἐβαπτίσθητε εἰς Χριστόν…ἐνεδύσασθε
Category: Church
New term (Gal 3:27). Union-with-Christ initiation language, distinct from but related to ‘crucified with Christ.‘
Freedom
Approved rendering: आजादी
Transliteration: azadi
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति (rebirth-cycle liberation, never use)
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: Freedom
New term (Gal 2:4; 5:1,13). Highest ‘hidden’ risk in the curriculum: unlike the baseline’s Hindu-devotional collisions, आजादी’s strongest competing sense in contemporary usage is modern Indian political independence, not a devotional category. Requires a disambiguating modifier/note at every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence; do not assume context alone disambiguates.
Elemental Spirits
Approved rendering: संसारी शुरुआती सत्ता
Transliteration: sansari shuruati satta
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (already forbidden for goddess-power/Holy Spirit, never use here either)
Original: στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Freedom
New coined compound (Gal 4:3,9), no fixed prior Dogri usage. Must not be equated with the Hindu tattva/panchabhuta five-element cosmology; names enslaving spiritual-religious systems, not literal physical elements. Require a translator note at first occurrence specifying this.
Observing Days Months
Approved rendering: दिन-महीने-रुत्तां-साल मनाना
Transliteration: din-mahine-ruttan-saal manana
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Original: ἡμέρας…μῆνας…καιρούς…ἐνιαυτούς
Category: Freedom
New term (Gal 4:10). Has direct, living salience against the Duggar region’s own ritual/pilgrimage calendar (e.g. Vaishno Devi pilgrimage timings, seasonal temple festivals). The critique targets calendar-keeping as a basis of standing before God, not calendar-observance as such; requires careful pastoral framing.
Formerly Served Not Gods
Approved rendering: ओह् जेह् सुभाव कन्नै परमेश्वर नईं न, उंआं दी सेवा करना
Transliteration: oh jeh subhav kannai Parmeshwar nain na, unan di seva karna
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Original: ἐδουλεύσατε τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσιν θεοῖς
Category: Freedom
New term (Gal 4:8). Direct address to former idol-worship among Gentile Galatians, pastorally analogous to a Duggar convert’s prior devotional life; must be translated with full doctrinal clarity without gratuitous derision of family members’ ongoing devotion.
New Creation
Approved rendering: नमीं सृष्टि
Transliteration: nami shrishti
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: Sanctification
New term (Gal 6:15). Must not be conflated with the Hindu cosmological Brahma-Vishnu-Shiva creation-cycle (srishti); requires an accompanying clarifying phrase/note specifying a one-time, decisive personal transformation, not a stage in a recurring cosmic cycle.
Flesh Ethical
Approved rendering: शरीर दी इच्छा
Transliteration: sharir di ichha
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: σάρξ (ethical) / ἐπιθυμία σαρκός
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:16-24). Fallen human nature opposed to the Spirit, distinct from the literal physical-body sense; always requires the qualifying phrase (दी इच्छा or equivalent) to disambiguate from flesh_literal.
Flesh Against Spirit
Approved rendering: शरीर पवित्तर आत्मा दे खिलाफ
Transliteration: sharir pavittar aatma de khilaf
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: σὰρξ…κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:17). Internal ethical conflict within the believer, not a cosmic dualism of competing deities/forces.
Idolatry
Approved rendering: मूर्तिपूजा
Transliteration: murtipuja
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:20). Listed among works of the flesh; requires careful, non-inflammatory pastoral framing given the prominence of temple devotion (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort) and pilgrimage practice (Vaishno Devi) in Duggar family life. Translate faithfully without softening; teach with pastoral sensitivity.
Faith Working Through Love
Approved rendering: प्यार दे राहें कम्म करदा भरोसा
Transliteration: pyar de rahen kamm karda bharosa
Doctrine: Faith Working through Love
Original: πίστις δι᾿ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη
Category: Faith
New term (Gal 5:6). Positive alternative to circumcision-based legal status. Must resist collapsing into either bare भरोसा alone or generic customary duty-keeping (rīt-rivāj). Retain its immediate co-text (5:6’s circumcision clause) in teaching materials rather than excerpting as a standalone maxim.
Sow And Reap
Approved rendering: बीजणा / फसल बटोरना
Transliteration: beejna / phasal batorna
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: σπείρω / θερίζω
Category: Ethics
New term (Gal 6:7-8). Moral-causal, not karmic-cyclical; the agrarian imagery’s very naturalness in this rural Duggar farming context is itself the risk. Require a translator note distinguishing this-life moral causation from karma/rebirth-cycle causal thinking, widely current in regional religious vocabulary.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: भेजेआ होया
Transliteration: bhejea hoya
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत (generic messenger, too weak)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Apostleship
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Galatians 1:1 Paul stresses this sending is ‘not from men nor through man’; the term must not be heard as a generic guru/teacher role.
Peace
Approved rendering: शान्ति
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in the Galatians greeting (1:3), among the fruit of the Spirit (5:22), and the closing benediction (6:16).
Church
Approved rendering: कलीसिया
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: मंदर (temple, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Gal 1:2,13 (Paul formerly persecuted it).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा राज्य
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da rajya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Gal 5:21: those characterized by works of the flesh ‘will not inherit’ it.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: गैर-यहूदी
Transliteration: gair-yahudi
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी (foreigner, too broad)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to the Antioch conflict (2:12-15) and Paul’s Gentile mission (1:16; 2:2,7-9; 3:8).
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in the closing benediction’s ‘Israel of God’ (6:16).
Not From Man
Approved rendering: मनुक्खां थमां नईं, न मनुक्ख दे राहें
Transliteration: manukkhan thamā nain, na manukkh de rahen
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: οὐκ ἀπ᾿ ἀνθρώπων οὐδὲ διὰ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Apostleship
New term (Gal 1:1). Establishes the divine, non-humanly-mediated source of Paul’s commission and, by extension, his gospel.
Revelation
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा प्रकाशन
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da prakashan
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Apostleship
New term (Gal 1:12). Source of Paul’s gospel is direct divine disclosure, not inherited human tradition or guru-lineage transmission.
Man Pleasing
Approved rendering: मनुक्खां गी राजी करना / परमेश्वर गी राजी करना
Transliteration: manukkhan gi raji karna / Parmeshwar gi raji karna
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ἀνθρώποις ἀρέσκειν / θεῷ ἀρέσκειν
Category: Apostleship
New term (Gal 1:10). Ties apostolic integrity to gospel purity.
Tradition Of The Fathers
Approved rendering: पूर्वजां दी रीत-रिवाज
Transliteration: purvajan di reet-rivaj
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: πατρικαὶ παραδόσεις
Category: Apostleship
New term (Gal 1:14). Reuses the Romans baseline’s existing caution (obedience_of_faith notes) about inherited ritual/social custom tied to Dogra Rajput lineage-honor; names Paul’s own Jewish ancestral custom specifically — do not build an explicit equation with Duggar custom into the translation itself, only permit it as a teaching-note application.
Law Of Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह दी व्यवस्था
Transliteration: masih di vyavastha
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Law
New term (Gal 6:2). Must be distinguished from the Mosaic व्यवस्था rejected throughout chs. 2-5 as a justification-basis; here names Christ’s own love-ethic fulfilled in mutual burden-bearing.
Guardian
Approved rendering: रखवाल्ला
Transliteration: rakhwalla
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Rejected alternatives: गुरु — MUST NEVER be used; carries reverent, elevated teacher-devotee status across North Indian religious culture, wrongly dignifying this temporary, subordinate custodial role
Original: παιδαγωγός
Category: Law
New term (Gal 3:24-25, paidagōgos). Comparatively thin word for the theological weight of the argument (temporary custodial confinement, not simple supervision); require a translator note at first occurrence clarifying the specific, temporary, subordinate nature of the role.
Guardians And Managers
Approved rendering: रखवाल्ले ते मुनीम
Transliteration: rakhwalle te munim
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
New term (Gal 4:2). Reinforces the temporary, subordinate status of law-era supervision; a child-heir under guardianship differs ‘nothing from a slave’ until the appointed time.
Whole Law Fulfilled Love
Approved rendering: सारी व्यवस्था गुआਂਢੀ कन्नै मया करने च पूरी होंदी ऐ
Transliteration: sari vyavastha guanRdhi kannai maya karne ch puri hondi ai
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: ὁ…νόμος…πεπλήρωται…Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου
Category: Law
New term (Gal 5:14). Ties Law’s Purpose doctrine to Christian ethical practice: love, not circumcision or ritual custom, is the law’s true fulfillment.
Mediator
Approved rendering: बिचाल्ले होने वाला
Transliteration: bichalle hone wala
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
New term (Gal 3:19-20). Same word-family as the Romans baseline’s intercession (बिचाल्ले होइयै बिनती); names Moses’ lesser, indirect role vs. the direct promise-relationship of faith.
Against Such Things No Law
Approved rendering: इंआं गल्लां दे खिलाफ कोई व्यवस्था नईं ऐ
Transliteration: inan gallan de khilaf koi vyavastha nain ai
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:23). Closing statement of the vice/virtue list, tying Fruit of the Spirit doctrine back to The Law’s Purpose discussion — the Spirit’s fruit needs no external law to regulate it.
Promise
Approved rendering: वादा
Transliteration: vada
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
New term (Gal 3:15-18). Given to Abraham and his Seed, prior to and unannulled by the later-given law. Must be kept distinct from the vow/mannat sense of a conditional pledge made by a human to obtain a boon — here God is the one who promises unconditionally.
Blessing Of Abraham
Approved rendering: अब्राहम दी आशीष
Transliteration: Abraham di ashish
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Rejected alternatives: वरदान — MUST NEVER be used; a boon granted for devotion/vow, per the Romans baseline’s spiritual_gifts precedent
Original: εὐλογία τοῦ Ἀβραάμ
Category: Covenant
New term (Gal 3:14). The Abrahamic blessing extended to Gentiles through Christ.
Children Of Promise
Approved rendering: वादे दे बच्चे
Transliteration: vade de bachche
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: τέκνα ἐπαγγελίας
Category: Sonship
New term (Gal 4:28). Believers, like Isaac, born by promise rather than ordinary lineage-descent; again resonant with, and correcting, Dogra Rajput lineage-based identity claims.
Fullness Of Time
Approved rendering: वेले दी पूरतऽ
Transliteration: vele di poorat
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: किस्मत (fate, never use)
New term (Gal 4:4). God’s purposive, appointed timing for the incarnation, related to the Romans baseline’s providence doctrine; never किस्मत.
Sinners
Approved rendering: पापी
Transliteration: paapi
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτωλοί
Category: Sin
New term (Gal 2:15,17). Popular Jewish shorthand for Gentiles’ presumed moral status, overturned in 2:17 (‘we too were found sinners’); must not be read as implying only Gentiles are morally culpable.
Slavery
Approved rendering: गुलामी / गुलामी दा जुआ
Transliteration: gulami / gulami da jua
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Original: δουλεία / ζυγὸς δουλείας
Category: Freedom
New term (Gal 5:1). Returning to law-based religion is re-entering this bondage, the direct opposite of Christ-given freedom.
Jerusalem Above
Approved rendering: उप्परली यरूशलेम
Transliteration: upperli Yerushalem
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
New term (Gal 4:26). The heavenly, free, mother-city of believers; should not be framed like a physical mountain-shrine pilgrimage destination, avoiding resonance with Vaishno Devi’s mountain-abode-of-the-goddess devotional geography.
Slave Woman Free Woman
Approved rendering: गुलाम जनानी / आजाद जनानी
Transliteration: gulam janani / azad janani
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
New term (Gal 4:22-31). Hagar and Sarah as types of the two covenants — law-bondage versus promise-freedom.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: खतना
Transliteration: khatna
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
Original: περιτομή
Category: Sanctification
New term (Gal 2:3-5; 5:2-6,11; 6:12-15). In the Indian context खतना is primarily associated with Islamic practice; requires a mandatory first-occurrence clarifying note/footnote establishing this as the Old Testament Jewish covenant sign, not a comment on contemporary community identity.
Marks Of Jesus
Approved rendering: मसीह दे निशान
Transliteration: masih de nishan
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
Original: στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ
Category: Sanctification
New term (Gal 6:17). Paul’s physical scars from persecution; must not be equated with a devotional forehead tilak or ritual pilgrimage-mark (e.g. Vaishno Devi/Raghunath Mandir ash or sandalwood marks) — these are involuntary suffering-scars, not a voluntary religious identity-marker.
Flesh Literal
Approved rendering: शरीर
Transliteration: sharir
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: σάρξ (literal)
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term. Neutral, physical-body sense (e.g. Gal 2:20, ‘the life I now live in the flesh’). Bare शरीर is restricted to this literal sense only; never use for the ethical sense without a qualifying phrase.
Walk By Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा दे मताबिक चलना
Transliteration: pavittar aatma de mutabiq chalna
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: πνεύματι περιπατεῖτε
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:16,25). Central positive imperative of the doctrine.
Works Of Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर दे कम्म
Transliteration: sharir de kamm
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: ἔργα τῆς σαρκός
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:19-21). Parallel structure to ‘works of the law’ but ethical, not soteriological, in reference; must not be confused with works_of_the_law.
Sorcery
Approved rendering: जादू-टोना
Transliteration: jadu-tona
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: φαρμακεία
Category: Flesh and Spirit
New term (Gal 5:20). Distinguish from the astrological-fortune-telling sense already forbidden in the baseline (ज्योतषी, for ‘prophet’); this is occult ritual practice broadly.
Fruit Of The Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा दा फल
Transliteration: pavittar aatma da phal
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22-23). Grammatically singular ‘fruit’ (integrated character) versus the plural ‘works’ of the flesh is a deliberate Greek contrast; Dogri number-marking cannot mirror it exactly — address through teaching notes.
Faithfulness
Approved rendering: वफादारी
Transliteration: wafadari
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: भरोसा — MUST NOT be reused here; same Greek lexeme πίστις but a distinct ethical sense
Original: πίστις (ethical sense)
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22). Faithfulness/reliability as a character trait; भरोसा is forbidden at this specific occurrence and auto-flagged for correction if it appears.
Bear One Anothers Burdens
Approved rendering: इक-दुज्जे दा बोझ चुक्कणा
Transliteration: ik-dujje da bojh chukkna
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: ἀλλήλων τὰ βάρη βαστάζετε
Category: Church
New term (Gal 6:1-2). Communal, mutual responsibility, the practical outworking of walking by the Spirit.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: संगत
Transliteration: sangat
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: यारी-दोस्ती (casual friendship, too weak)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in Gal 2:9’s ‘right hand of fellowship,’ formalizing gospel-mission partnership.
Cross
Approved rendering: सूली
Transliteration: sooli
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: σταυρός / σταυρόω
Category: Christology
New term. Standard regional Christian usage (2:20; 5:11,24; 6:12,14).
Servant Of Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह दा सेवक
Transliteration: masih da sevak
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Original: δοῦλος Χριστοῦ
Category: Freedom
New term (Gal 1:10). Deliberate positive paradox contrasted with the negative slavery word-family (गुलामी) used elsewhere for law-bondage.
Allegory
Approved rendering: रूपक
Transliteration: rupak
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
New term (Gal 4:24). Paul’s own explicit signal that the Hagar/Sarah narrative is being read typologically.
Love
Approved rendering: मया
Transliteration: maya
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22). First-listed, foundational; also underlies faith_working_through_love and the law-fulfillment formula.
Joy
Approved rendering: आनंद
Transliteration: anand
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: χαρά
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22).
Patience
Approved rendering: सब्र
Transliteration: sabr
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22).
Kindness
Approved rendering: नरमी
Transliteration: narmi
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: χρηστότης
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22).
Goodness
Approved rendering: नेकी
Transliteration: neki
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: ἀγαθωσύνη
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:22).
Gentleness
Approved rendering: हलीमी
Transliteration: halimi
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: πραΰτης
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:23).
Self Control
Approved rendering: आपे उप्पर काबू
Transliteration: aape uppar kabu
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Fruit of the Spirit
New term (Gal 5:23).
Bear Own Load
Approved rendering: आपणा बोझ आप्पू चुक्कणा
Transliteration: aapna bojh aappu chukkna
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
New term (Gal 6:5). Balances mutual burden-bearing with personal accountability before God.
Household Of Faith
Approved rendering: भरोसे दा परिवार
Transliteration: bharose da parivar
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: οἰκεῖοι τῆς πίστεως
Category: Church
New term (Gal 6:10). Priority, not exclusivity, of care within the church community; family-like belonging rooted in shared trust in Christ, not caste or clan household.
Pillars
Approved rendering: थम्म
Transliteration: thamm
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
Original: στῦλοι
Category: Church
New term (Gal 2:9). James, Peter, John as recognized foundational leaders; must not be read with architectural-temple devotional connotations (e.g. Raghunath Mandir pillars).
Right Hand Of Fellowship
Approved rendering: संगत दा हक्क हत्थ
Transliteration: sangat da hakk hatth
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
New term (Gal 2:9). Formal recognition and gospel-mission partnership, not merely social goodwill.
Hypocrisy
Approved rendering: पाखंड
Transliteration: pakhand
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
Original: ὑπόκρισις
Category: Church
New term (Gal 2:13). Peter’s inconsistency at Antioch — withdrawing from Gentile table-fellowship under pressure.
False Brothers
Approved rendering: झूठे भाई
Transliteration: jhuthe bhai
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
New term (Gal 2:4). Those secretly working to reimpose law-observance on Gentile believers.
Referenced passages