Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis — Acts 1–28 (English → Dogri)
Methodology and Citation Normalization
Every explicit Old Testament quotation, clear allusion, messianic reference, and typological pattern in Acts 1–28 is catalogued below, chapter by chapter, with its relationship to (a) the Old Testament source text, (b) other New Testament occurrences — especially the Romans curriculum already translated into Dogri under the baseline Language Package — and (c) specific Dogri rendering-consistency requirements.
Citation format (normalized throughout this document and all downstream artifacts): Book Chapter:Verse (e.g. Acts 2:17, Genesis 15:6), verse ranges as Chapter:Verse-Verse (e.g. Joel 2:28-32), multiple citations separated by ; . Arabic numerals only, matching the YouVersion reference system already mandated in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Chapters with no new OT quotation or allusion beyond material already catalogued are explicitly marked “Reviewed — no new OT connections; reuses [chapter] material” rather than omitted, per the full-book-coverage mandate.
Risk tiers (Critical/High/Medium/Low) follow the baseline’s definitions exactly and are cross-referenced to doctrine_risk_registry.json and the new terms ratified in 08_core_glossary.md Section B.
PART A — Chapter-by-Chapter Cross-Reference Matrix
Acts 1
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 1:8 | The Great Commission Fulfilled; programmatic structure of the whole book (Jerusalem → Judea/Samaria → ends of the earth) | Jesus; the apostles | Echoes Isaiah 49:6 (“light… to the end of the earth”); structurally parallel to Romans’s own mission-to-the-nations trajectory (Romans 1:5, 15:19-24) | Render “ends of the earth” concretely (धरती दे अंत तक्कर), not abstractly; this verse is the book’s thesis and should be rendered identically wherever repeated in teaching material, paralleling the baseline’s fixed rendering of Romans 1:16-17 as thesis statement. |
| Acts 1:9-11 | Ascension | Jesus; two angels; the apostles | Typological echo of Elijah’s bodily ascension, 2 Kings 2:11; fulfills Jesus’ own resurrection-appearances teaching (Luke 24) | Critical (see 08_core_glossary.md B.4, “ascension”). Must not be assimilated to a repeatable divine descent/return pattern; this is the unique, final, bodily departure of the risen Christ to enthronement, distinct from Elijah’s translation (a prophet taken up, not the enthroned Son returning to glory he eternally possessed). |
| Acts 1:16, 1:20 | Fulfillment of prophecy; Judas’s fall | Judas; David (as psalmist) | Quotes Psalm 69:25 and Psalm 109:8 directly | High. Psalm 69 recurs later applied to Christ’s own suffering in Romans (see Part C below, Psalm 69 cross-reference note); translators must keep clear that Acts 1:20 applies imprecatory psalm language to Judas’s judgment, not to Christ — the two applications of the same psalm must not be conflated in teaching notes. |
| Acts 1:6-7 | Kingdom of God; misunderstanding corrected | The apostles; Jesus | Echoes OT restoration hope (Amos 9:11, developed later at Acts 15:16) | Medium, reuses BASELINE kingdom_of_god परमेश्वर दा राज्य; corrected toward Spirit-empowered global witness rather than political-national restoration. |
| Acts 1:26 | Casting lots | Matthias; the apostles | OT discernment precedent (Proverbs 16:33; priestly lot-casting, Leviticus 16:8) | Low-Medium, see 08_core_glossary.md B.6; distinguish from ज्योतषी-style divination. |
Acts 2 (Core Passage)
Full term-level treatment is in 07_semantic_analysis.md Part A. This table adds the specific OT citation chain and Romans cross-reference data.
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 2:1-4 | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | The apostles; the gathered believers | Typological fulfillment/reversal of Genesis 11:1-9 (Babel’s confusion of tongues reversed into a sign of gospel unity); Pentecost itself commemorates Exodus 19-20 (Sinai covenant-giving), now marking the Spirit’s covenant-inaugurating descent | Medium on the Pentecost/festival term itself (see B.1); the Babel-reversal typology should be made explicit in teaching notes so पिन्तेकुस्त does not read as a generic regional harvest mela. |
| Acts 2:17-21 | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost; Universal Scope of the Gospel | Peter; “sons and daughters,” “menservants and maidservants” | Quotes Joel 2:28-32 in full | CRITICAL CROSS-CURRICULUM RULE. Joel 2:32b (“everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved”) is also quoted verbatim in Romans 10:13. The Dogri rendering of this clause MUST be identical in both curricula: reuse BASELINE lord प्रभु + salvation उद्धार exactly, and lock the full clause wording between Acts 2:21 and Romans 10:13. Any deviation between the two curricula on this single clause is a Critical-tier consistency failure. |
| Acts 2:25-28 | Resurrection of Christ; Messianic Promise | Peter; David (as prophetic psalmist) | Quotes Psalm 16:8-11 | Critical, reinforcing BASELINE resurrection मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना; Psalm 16:10 (“you will not let your Holy One see corruption”) recurs verbatim at Acts 13:35 — lock identical Dogri wording across both occurrences within Acts itself. |
| Acts 2:29-31 | Davidic Covenant; Messianic Promise | Peter; David | Alludes to Psalm 132:11 (God’s oath to David regarding his offspring) | High, reinforcing BASELINE davidic_covenant doctrine shared with Romans 1:3, 15:12. |
| Acts 2:33-35 | Lordship of Christ; Deity of Christ | Peter; Jesus | Quotes Psalm 110:1 (“Sit at my right hand…”) | Critical, reinforcing BASELINE lordship_of_christ प्रभु; this is one of the most-quoted OT verses in the whole NT (cf. Hebrews, not in scope here) and anchors Christ’s heavenly enthronement — never रендered so as to suggest a dynastic earthly throne (महाराजा forbidden per baseline). |
| Acts 2:36 | Lordship of Christ; Messianic Promise (climax of sermon) | Peter | Climactic application of Psalm 110:1 and Psalm 16 to Jesus by name | Critical, reinforcing BASELINE lord प्रभु + messiah मसीह together — the single most theologically load-bearing confession in the core passage. |
| Acts 2:38-39 | Repentance and Baptism; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Peter; the crowd | ”The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off” alludes to Isaiah 57:19 and to the Abrahamic-covenant “to your offspring” promise pattern (Genesis 12:3, Genesis 22:18, echoed later at Acts 3:25) | High; anticipates the full Jew-Gentile inclusion doctrine developed at Acts 10-15; must not be softened for lineage/honor sensitivities, matching Romans’s own unqualified universality rule. |
Acts 3
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 3:13 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; Deity of Christ | Peter; the healed man | Quotes Exodus 3:6 (“the God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob”) | Medium, historical-covenantal self-identification of God; recurs at Acts 7:32 — lock consistent wording. |
| Acts 3:13, 3:26 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | Peter; Jesus (as “his servant”) | Echoes the Isaianic Servant title, Isaiah 52:13 background | High, see 07_semantic_analysis.md ch.3, “Servant of God” परमेश्वर दा सेवक. |
| Acts 3:14 | Deity of Christ; Righteousness | Peter; Jesus (as “the Holy and Righteous One”) | Built on BASELINE holy पवित्तर + righteousness धरमीपन | High, inherits baseline’s Critical caution on धरमीपन (never धरम). |
| Acts 3:22-23 | Messianic Promise; Fulfillment of Prophecy | Peter; Moses | Quotes Deuteronomy 18:15, 18:18-19 (“a prophet like me”) | Critical. This exact prophecy recurs verbatim at Acts 7:37 (Stephen’s speech) — lock identical Dogri wording across both occurrences. This is a distinct messianic prophecy from Psalm 110/Psalm 16 and must not be merged or paraphrased differently between its two Acts occurrences. |
| Acts 3:25 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Abrahamic Covenant background | Peter; Abraham | Alludes to Genesis 22:18 and Genesis 12:3 (“in your offspring shall all the families of the earth be blessed”) | High; conceptually parallel to Romans 4’s Abrahamic faith material (Genesis 15:6, already BASELINE imputed_righteousness anchor text), though a different specific verse; keep Abraham’s covenant terminology (नियम) consistent with Romans usage. |
Acts 4
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 4:11 | Messianic Promise; Persecution and Bold Witness | Peter; the Sanhedrin | Quotes Psalm 118:22 (“the stone that was rejected… has become the cornerstone”) | High. Conceptually parallel to Isaiah 28:16 (quoted in Romans 9:33 and Romans 10:11, the “stone” of stumbling/foundation); both texts use stone-imagery for Christ but are different OT source verses. Translators must render both stone-images naturally without artificially forcing identical wording, but should note the shared “stone” motif in teaching material connecting Acts and Romans. |
| Acts 4:12 | Salvation; Universal Scope of the Gospel | Peter | ”No other name under heaven by which we must be saved” — direct doctrinal statement, no OT quotation, but fulfills the exclusivity implicit in Isaiah 45:5-6, 21-22 (“I am the Lord, and there is no other”) | Critical, reinforcing BASELINE salvation उद्धार; must be stated with full exclusivist force, unsoftened, against the region’s many venerated figures. |
| Acts 4:25-26 | Persecution and Bold Witness; Messianic Promise | Peter, John, and the believers (praying); David (as psalmist) | Quotes Psalm 2:1-2 (“Why did the Gentiles rage… against his Anointed”) | High. Psalm 2 recurs at Acts 13:33 (Psalm 2:7, “You are my Son”) — same psalm, different verse, applied there to Christ’s sonship specifically; keep both occurrences traceable to Psalm 2 in teaching notes without conflating the verses. |
| Acts 4:32 | The Church as Community | The believers | ”One heart and soul,” no direct OT quotation, but echoes covenant-community ideals of Deuteronomy 15:4 (no poor among you) | Medium, see 08_core_glossary.md B.5. |
Acts 5
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 5:1-11 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; The Church as Community | Ananias; Sapphira; Peter | Typological echo of Joshua 7:1-26 (Achan’s deception and judgment within the covenant community — an “OT-to-NT” narrative parallel rather than a quotation) | Medium. Useful teaching parallel: both narratives concern deception before God bringing judgment within the gathered covenant people; must be framed as illustrating the seriousness of “lying to the Holy Spirit” (5:3), not as evidence of a punitive transactional deity comparable to appeasement of an angry local deity (cf. Bahu Fort Kali associations already flagged in the baseline). |
| Acts 5:29-32 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; Persecution and Bold Witness | Peter, the apostles; the Sanhedrin | No direct OT quotation; reasserts the resurrection/exaltation proclamation of Acts 2 and 4 | Critical, reuses resurrection/lordship material unchanged. |
| Acts 5:34-39 | Providence | Gamaliel | No OT quotation; Gamaliel’s counsel anticipates the providence doctrine (“if this plan is of God”) | Medium, inherited from BASELINE providence परमेश्वर दा प्रबन्ध. |
Acts 6
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 6:3, 6:5 | The Church as Community; Apostolic Authority and Miracles | The Seven; Stephen | ”Full of the Spirit and wisdom” echoes the wisdom-filled-servant motif of Exodus 31:3 (Bezalel) and Genesis 41:38 (Joseph) | Low-Medium. A useful typological echo (Spirit-filled service for the covenant community’s practical good) but not load-bearing; do not over-develop as a direct one-to-one type. |
| Acts 6:8-15 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; Persecution and Bold Witness | Stephen | No direct OT quotation; sets up ch.7 | High, reuses filled-with-the-Spirit term unchanged. |
Acts 7
Stephen’s speech is the single densest OT citation chain in Acts.
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 7:3 | Fulfillment of Prophecy | Stephen; Abraham | Quotes Genesis 12:1 | Medium. |
| Acts 7:6-7 | Fulfillment of Prophecy | Stephen; Abraham | Quotes Genesis 15:13-14 (400 years of slavery foretold) | Medium; directly continuous with Romans 4’s Abrahamic material — keep “covenant” (नियम) consistent. |
| Acts 7:8 | Justification apart from the Law (background) | Stephen; Abraham; Isaac; Jacob | Alludes to Genesis 17:8-10 (covenant of circumcision) | High; background for the circumcision controversy resolved at Acts 15 — see 08_core_glossary.md B.3 खतना entry. |
| Acts 7:9-16 | Conversion narrative typology; Providence | Stephen; Joseph and his brothers | Narrates Genesis 37, 39-45 | High (typological). Joseph — rejected by his own brothers, sold, exalted, and becomes his family’s deliverer/savior from famine — is a recognized Christ-type; explicitly draw the parallel (rejection-then-exaltation-then-salvation of those who rejected him) but do not present it as an exhaustive equivalence; Christ’s atoning death is categorically greater than Joseph’s providential rescue. |
| Acts 7:17-29 | Conversion narrative typology; Persecution | Stephen; Moses | Narrates Exodus 1:8-22, Exodus 2:2-15 | High (typological). Moses — rejected by his own people at first, then becomes their divinely appointed “ruler and redeemer” (7:35) — is Scripture’s own explicit type of Christ, made overt at 7:37. |
| Acts 7:30-34 | Deity of Christ (background); Apostolic Authority | Stephen; Moses; God (burning bush) | Quotes Exodus 3:5-6, 3:7-8, 3:10 | Medium, same “God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob” formula as Acts 3:13 — lock consistent wording. |
| Acts 7:37 | Messianic Promise; Fulfillment of Prophecy | Stephen; Moses | Quotes Deuteronomy 18:15 — verbatim recurrence of Acts 3:22 | Critical. MUST use identical Dogri wording to Acts 3:22-23; this is the same prophecy, cited twice within Acts, and any divergence between the two renderings is a direct consistency failure. |
| Acts 7:40 | Universal Human Accountability (idolatry) | Stephen; Israel in the wilderness | Alludes to Exodus 32:1, 23 (the golden calf) | Medium. |
| Acts 7:42-43 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (idolatry judgment) | Stephen; Israel | Quotes Amos 5:25-27 | High. Directly relevant teaching material: even OT Israel itself was judged for idol-worship — useful for framing the biblical polemic against idolatry (relevant to मूर्ति discussions in chs. 14, 17, 19) as a universal biblical category, not a culturally targeted insult specific to Dogra Hindu practice. |
| Acts 7:44 | Church as Community (background); Temple typology | Stephen | Alludes to Exodus 25:40 (the tabernacle “pattern”) | Medium. |
| Acts 7:48-50 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Church as Community | Stephen | Quotes Isaiah 66:1-2 (“Heaven is my throne… what house will you build me?”) | High. Directly relevant to the BASELINE church_as_gods_people caution against confusing कलीसिया with मंदर (temple, a building); God’s presence was never ultimately confined to a physical structure — useful teaching bridge for a culture where temple architecture (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort) carries strong devotional weight. |
| Acts 7:52 | Persecution and Bold Witness | Stephen; the Sanhedrin | Echoes the “stiff-necked” motif already stated in 7:51 (see 08_core_glossary.md B.6) and the OT pattern of Israel persecuting its own prophets | Medium. |
| Acts 7:55-56 | Sonship of Christ; Deity of Christ; Persecution and Bold Witness | Stephen | Alludes to Daniel 7:13-14 (the Son of Man receiving dominion) | Critical, see 08_core_glossary.md B.4, “Son of Man” मनुक्ख दा पुत्तर — Danielic exalted-dominion force must be preserved. |
| Acts 7:59-60 | Persecution and Bold Witness; witness unto death | Stephen | Echoes Christ’s own words on the cross, Luke 23:34, 46 (forgiveness of persecutors, committing his spirit) | High. Stephen’s death deliberately imitates Christ’s — this NT-to-NT parallel (not OT) must be flagged clearly as imitation of Christ, categorically distinct from the region’s own folk-martyr cult of Baba Jitto (see 07_semantic_analysis.md ch.7 note). |
Acts 8
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 8:9-24 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | Simon Magus; Peter | Echoes the OT sorcerer/false-prophet motif (Exodus 7:11, Egyptian magicians; Numbers 22-24, Balaam) | High, see 08_core_glossary.md B.3 जादू-टोणा; Simon’s attempt to buy spiritual power is explicitly condemned, not a lesser-but-real parallel power source. |
| Acts 8:32-33 | Messianic Promise; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Philip; the Ethiopian eunuch | Quotes Isaiah 53:7-8 | CRITICAL CROSS-CURRICULUM RULE. Isaiah 53 (the Suffering Servant song) is quoted here (vv.7-8) and also quoted in Romans 10:16 (Isaiah 53:1, “who has believed our report?”). Both curricula draw from the same Isaiah 53 chapter for their respective quoted verses. Where Isaiah 53 vocabulary overlaps (e.g., “servant,” references to suffering, silence before judgment), the Dogri rendering of shared vocabulary (परमेश्वर दा सेवक for “servant,” established at Acts 3) must remain consistent with any Isaiah 53 language already rendered in the Romans materials. Escalate to human theologian review. |
| Acts 8:36-38 | Repentance and Baptism; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Philip; the Ethiopian eunuch | ”What prevents me?” — no OT quotation, but fulfills Isaiah 56:3-5 (eunuchs welcomed into God’s covenant people, reversing Deuteronomy 23:1’s exclusion) | Critical. Reuses BASELINE baptism बपतिस्मा; the eunuch’s inclusion is an early, dramatic demonstration of no ethnic/bodily/social barrier to full gospel inclusion — do not soften. |
Acts 9
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 9:3-9 | Conversion of Paul | Saul; Jesus (voice from heaven) | Echoes OT theophany-encounter narrative pattern (Exodus 3:1-6, Isaiah 6:1-8, Ezekiel 1:28-2:1) — light, voice, falling down, commission | Critical (typological). The conversion narrative deliberately echoes the prophetic call-narrative pattern; frame Paul’s conversion as both a unique salvation-historical event and a pattern-fulfilling call, not merely a private religious experience. |
| Acts 9:15-16 | Conversion of Paul; Election | Jesus; Ananias (of Damascus); Saul | Echoes prophetic-call language of Jeremiah 1:5 and Isaiah 49:1 (“chosen instrument,” “before you were born”) | High, see 08_core_glossary.md B.4 चोन्दा भांडा; inherits BASELINE election परमेश्वर दी चोन. |
| Acts 9:36-42 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | Peter; Tabitha (Dorcas) | Narrative echo of Elijah’s and Elisha’s resurrection-miracles (1 Kings 17:17-24, 2 Kings 4:32-37) | Medium. Confirms apostolic authority continues the prophetic-miracle tradition, exercised in Christ’s name, not the apostle’s own power. |
Acts 10
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 10:9-16 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Peter; Cornelius (background) | Directly engages the Levitical clean/unclean food classification, Leviticus 11, Deuteronomy 14:3-21, without direct quotation | CRITICAL. See 07_semantic_analysis.md ch.10 and 08_core_glossary.md B.3 शुद्ध/अशुद्ध. This is the single highest comparative-religion risk point in the whole book for the Dogri context; mandatory human theologian review every occurrence. |
| Acts 10:34-35 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Universal Human Accountability | Peter; Cornelius’s household | Echoes Deuteronomy 10:17 (“God… shows no partiality”) | High, see 08_core_glossary.md B.3 परमेश्वर कीह् दा पख्खपात नेईं करदा; directly parallel to Romans 2:11 (same doctrine, same Greek phrase family, though Romans 2 is outside this curriculum’s core teaching passage — note the cross-book consistency for future reference). |
| Acts 10:43 | Forgiveness of Sins; Fulfillment of Prophecy | Peter | ”To him all the prophets bear witness” — general appeal to OT prophetic testimony, no single quotation | High. |
| Acts 10:44-48 | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Cornelius’s household; Peter | Directly parallels Acts 2:1-4 — “the Gentiles” receive the identical gift of the Spirit given at Pentecost | Critical. This is the doctrinal climax preparing for Acts 15: the Gentile Pentecost. Dogri rendering of “filled with/received the Holy Spirit” here must be identical to its Acts 2 rendering (पवित्तर आत्मा कन्नै भर जाना / पवित्तर आत्मा पाना) to make the parallel visible to Dogri readers as it is in the Greek text. |
Acts 11
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 11:1-18 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Peter; the Jerusalem church | Reuses ch.10 material in report form | Critical, unchanged. |
| Acts 11:18 | Repentance and Baptism; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | The Jerusalem church | ”God has granted repentance leading to life” — extends the ch.2 repentance doctrine explicitly to Gentiles | Critical, reuses मन फिराव unchanged; confirms repentance-unto-life is not ethnically restricted. |
| Acts 11:26 | The Church as Community | The Antioch disciples | No OT quotation; first use of “Christian” (मसीही) | Low. |
Acts 12
Reviewed — no new OT quotations. Narrative allusions: Peter’s angelic deliverance from prison echoes Exodus 12-14 (a new-exodus-style deliverance pattern) and Daniel 3, 6 (deliverance from a hostile king’s power); Herod’s sudden death (12:23) echoes the OT tyrant-judgment pattern (Daniel 4:28-33, Nebuchadnezzar’s humbling). Theme: Providence (BASELINE परमेश्वर दा प्रबन्ध) and Persecution and Bold Witness (James’s martyrdom, reusing ch.7’s witness vocabulary). Risk: High, inherited from providence and persecution entries; no new terms required.
Acts 13
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 13:17-22 | Davidic Covenant; Fulfillment of Prophecy | Paul; David | Quotes 1 Samuel 13:14 (13:22, “a man after my heart”) and alludes to Psalm 89:20 | Medium. |
| Acts 13:33 | Sonship of Christ; Messianic Promise | Paul | Quotes Psalm 2:7 (“You are my Son, today I have begotten you”) | Critical. This is the same Psalm 2 already quoted at Acts 4:25-26 (v.1-2 there, v.7 here) — keep the psalm’s identity traceable across both occurrences in teaching notes. Conceptually parallels Romans 1:4 (sonship “declared… by his resurrection”)— both texts locate the declaration of divine sonship at the resurrection, though Romans 1:4 does not directly quote Psalm 2:7. Flag for theologian review to ensure consistent sonship_of_christ doctrine framing across both curricula. |
| Acts 13:34 | Davidic Covenant; Grace | Paul | Quotes Isaiah 55:3 (“I will give you the holy and sure blessings of David”) | High. Reinforces covenant नियम term; “sure blessings” (God’s faithful covenant promise) must not be reframed with mannat-style vow-exchange logic — this is BASELINE grace territory (बिना कमाई दित्ती दया). |
| Acts 13:35 | Resurrection of Christ | Paul | Quotes Psalm 16:10 — verbatim recurrence of Acts 2:27 | Critical. Lock identical Dogri wording to the Acts 2:27 rendering of this exact verse. |
| Acts 13:38-39 | Justification apart from the Law | Paul | Direct doctrinal statement; no single OT quotation, but the whole sermon’s logic culminates OT law/promise material | Critical. See 07_semantic_analysis.md ch.13; BASELINE justification धर्मी ठहराए जाना required in full compound form, not abbreviated to forgiveness alone — this is Acts’s clearest forensic-justification statement outside Romans itself and MUST match the Romans rendering exactly. |
| Acts 13:41 | Fulfillment of Prophecy; warning | Paul | Quotes Habakkuk 1:5 (“Look, you scoffers, be astonished and perish”) | Medium-High. NOTE: this is Habakkuk 1:5, a different verse from Habakkuk 2:4 (“the righteous shall live by faith”), which anchors Romans 1:17. The two Habakkuk citations must not be confused or merged in teaching material — they serve different rhetorical purposes (warning vs. the gospel’s foundational faith-principle). |
| Acts 13:47 | The Great Commission Fulfilled; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Paul; Barnabas | Quotes Isaiah 49:6 (“I have made you a light for the Gentiles”) | Medium. Conceptually parallel to Isaiah 52:7 (quoted Romans 10:15, “how beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news”) and Isaiah 11:10 (quoted Romans 15:12, “root of Jesse… Gentiles will hope in him”) — all three are Isaiah’s Servant/messianic-mission texts serving the same doctrine (mission_to_nations / kingdom_mission) across both curricula; render each faithfully to its own verse while keeping “light”/“good news” (खरी खबर) vocabulary internally consistent per baseline glory-metaphor cautions. |
Acts 14
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 14:15 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Paul; the Lystra crowd | Echoes OT prophetic idol-polemic (Isaiah 44:9-20, Jeremiah 10:1-16, Psalm 115:4-8) — no direct quotation | High, see 08_core_glossary.md B.3 जिंदा परमेश्वर; sharp Creator/creature polemic against Zeus/Hermes-type deity-mistaking, directly relevant to teaching on मूर्ति/idol categories elsewhere in Acts. |
| Acts 14:15-17 | Providence | Paul | Echoes Psalm 147:8, Jeremiah 5:24 (God’s common providential care in rain and harvest, shown even to those who do not yet know him) | Medium. |
| Acts 14:22-23 | The Church as Community; Persecution and Bold Witness | Paul; Barnabas; the new churches | No direct OT quotation | Medium, elders (कलीसिया दे बुजुर्ग) established. |
Acts 15
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 15:1-5 | Justification apart from the Law | Paul; Barnabas; Pharisaic believers | Background: Genesis 17:9-14 (circumcision covenant sign) | High. See 08_core_glossary.md B.3 खतना; requires the translator note distinguishing this OT-covenant referent from Islamic-practice associations. |
| Acts 15:7-11 | Justification apart from the Law; Grace | Peter | Direct doctrinal statement: “we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will” | Critical. MUST match BASELINE grace बिना कमाई दित्ती दया + salvation उद्धार + lord प्रभु exactly, as recorded in the Romans translation memory — this is one of the clearest single-verse grace-statements in Acts. |
| Acts 15:16-18 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Davidic Covenant | James | Quotes Amos 9:11-12 (“I will rebuild the tent of David…”) | High. Thematically parallel to Romans 15:9-12’s Gentile-inclusion catena (Psalm 18:49, Deuteronomy 32:43, Psalm 117:1, Isaiah 11:10) — both address the same doctrine (unity_of_jews_and_gentiles) via different specific OT texts. Teaching material should note the shared doctrine without implying these are the same verse; render each faithfully to its own source. |
| Acts 15:19-20 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | James; the Jerusalem Council | Apostolic decree includes “food sacrificed to idols” | High, see 08_core_glossary.md B.3 मूर्तियां अग्गे भेंट कीती चीज़ां; direct parallel to prasad-sharing practice — teach with pastoral care, per semantic analysis notes. |
Acts 16
Reviewed — no direct OT quotations. Allusions: the spirit of divination (πνεῦμα πύθωνα) engages the OT prohibition of divination/mediums, Deuteronomy 18:10-11, Leviticus 19:31 — directly relevant to the region’s oracle/spirit-medium practice (see 08_core_glossary.md B.1). Themes: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (Lydia, a God-fearing Gentile woman, reprising the Acts 10 pattern), Repentance and Baptism (the jailer and his household), The Church as Community (household/oikos language). Risk: High, inherited from established terms; no new OT citations to ratify.
Acts 17
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 17:24-25 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; God as Creator | Paul; the Areopagus council | Echoes Isaiah 42:5 and Genesis 1:1 (God as Creator, needing nothing from human hands) | High. |
| Acts 17:26 | Universal Human Accountability | Paul | Echoes Genesis 1:27, Malachi 2:10 (“one blood/origin of all mankind”) | High. Directly undermines any lineage-based (Dogra Rajput izzat/caste) hierarchy of spiritual worth — retain full force. |
| Acts 17:27 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | Paul | Echoes Isaiah 55:6, Deuteronomy 4:29 (seeking God) | Medium. |
| Acts 17:28 | Non-scriptural classical citation (unique case) | Paul | Quotes Greek poets (Epimenides and/or Aratus’s Phainomena) — “we are his offspring” — NOT a Scripture citation | High — SPECIAL HANDLING. This is inspired Scripture (Acts) quoting non-inspired pagan literature approvingly for a limited rhetorical point (general revelation, common human origin), then immediately correcting pagan practice (v.29-31, denouncing idol-worship and calling for repentance). Translator notes must make explicit that Paul’s citation strategy is “common ground, then correction” — not an endorsement of the poets’ theology, and structurally similar to the “unknown god” altar reference in the same speech (17:23) and to the “chosen instrument”/general-revelation material at Romans 1:19-20 (though Romans 1 does not quote a specific pagan source). Do not let this citation be repurposed as validation of any Duggar devotional literature by structural analogy. |
| Acts 17:30-31 | Repentance and Baptism; Judgment | Paul | Echoes eschatological judgment themes of Daniel 12:2, Psalm 96:13 | High. |
Acts 18
Reviewed — no new OT quotations or allusions requiring separate treatment. Themes present (gospel खरी खबर, church कलीसिया, providence परमेश्वर दा प्रबन्ध via the Lord’s assurance to Paul, 18:9-10, echoing OT “fear not, I am with you” commissioning language, e.g. Joshua 1:9, Isaiah 41:10) all reuse established vocabulary. No new terms or citations to ratify.
Acts 19
Reviewed — no direct OT quotations. Allusions: the burning of the magic books continues the OT sorcery-prohibition background already noted at Acts 16 (Deuteronomy 18:10-14); the Artemis riot has no scriptural citation but functions as a real-world illustration of Isaiah 44:9-20/Jeremiah 10:1-16’s idol-economy polemic (idol-image trade threatened by the gospel). Themes: Apostolic Authority and Miracles (jादू-टोणा), Repentance and Baptism (distinguishing John’s baptism from Christian baptism, requiring the translator note flagged in 07_semantic_analysis.md). Risk: Critical on the baptism distinction; no new OT citations to ratify.
Acts 20
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 20:28 | Church as Community; Atonement (background) | Paul; the Ephesian elders | Echoes Isaiah 53 (Servant’s blood-bought redemption, already established Acts 8) and Psalm 74:2 (“the congregation… which you purchased”) | High. “Obtained with his own blood” ties church-shepherding directly to Christ’s atoning death — do not let “overseer/shepherd” (निगरान/चरवाहा) language drift into generic organizational leadership divorced from this atonement ground. |
| Acts 20:28-29 | The Church as Community; Apostolic Authority | Paul | Echoes shepherd/false-shepherd polemic of Ezekiel 34:1-10, Jeremiah 23:1-4 | Medium. |
Acts 21
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 21:10-11 | Providence; Persecution and Bold Witness | Agabus; Paul | Echoes OT prophetic sign-act tradition (Isaiah 20:2-4, Jeremiah 13:1-11, Ezekiel 4:1-3) | Medium. |
| Acts 21:23-26 | Justification apart from the Law; cultural sensitivity | Paul; four men under a vow | Echoes Numbers 6:1-21 (the Nazirite vow) | CRITICAL — SPECIAL HANDLING. See 08_core_glossary.md B.3 मन्नत; a genuine, biblically legitimate OT ceremonial vow, requiring a mandatory disambiguating note distinguishing it from both (a) the baseline’s forbidden मन्नत-for-grace framing and (b) the Vaishno Devi vow-for-boon transactional economy. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
Acts 22
Reviewed — no new OT quotations. Reuses the Way (राह्), repentance (मन फिराव), baptism (बपतिस्मा, “calling on his name” echoing Acts 2:21/Joel 2:32), and “God of our fathers” (echoing Exodus 3:6, Acts 3:13, Acts 7:32 — lock consistent wording across all four occurrences) in testimonial retelling. Risk: Critical, unchanged; no new citations to ratify.
Acts 23
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 23:5 | Apostolic Authority and Miracles (submission to due order) | Paul; the high priest Ananias | Quotes Exodus 22:28 (“You shall not speak evil of a ruler of your people”) | Low-Medium. |
| Acts 23:6-9 | Resurrection of Christ (intra-Jewish dispute) | Paul; Pharisees; Sadducees | Echoes OT resurrection-hope texts (Daniel 12:2, Isaiah 26:19) underlying the Pharisee/Sadducee dispute | Critical, unchanged resurrection term; useful teaching material for how the doctrine was contested even within Judaism, not only against Hindu/pagan frameworks. |
Acts 24
Reviewed — no direct OT quotations. Allusion: “hope in God… that there will be a resurrection” (24:15) echoes Daniel 12:2, continuous with ch.23. Themes: Justification apart from the Law (righteousness धरमीपन, unchanged Critical), Persecution and Bold Witness (the Way राह्, High, unchanged). No new terms or citations to ratify.
Acts 25
Reviewed — no OT quotations or significant new allusions. Purely legal-narrative chapter (Paul before Festus, appeal to Caesar). One terminological flag only: “appeal to Caesar” (कैसर कोल अपील करना) uses the same Greek verb root (ἐπικαλέομαι) as “calling on the name of the Lord” (Acts 2:21) — a homonymous, theologically unrelated usage requiring a disambiguating translator note per 08_core_glossary.md B.6. Risk: Low doctrinally.
Acts 26
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 26:22-23 | Conversion of Paul; Fulfillment of Prophecy; The Great Commission Fulfilled | Paul; Agrippa | General appeal to “what the prophets and Moses said would happen” — echoes Isaiah 42:6, 49:6 (already quoted directly at Acts 13:47) regarding light to Jews and Gentiles, and the resurrection-first-fruits pattern of Isaiah 53 | Critical, reinforcing messianic_promise and resurrection_of_christ doctrines unchanged; keep “light for the Gentiles” phrasing consistent with its Acts 13:47 rendering. |
| Acts 26:14 | Conversion of Paul (idiom) | Jesus; Saul | ”Kicking against the goads” — a classical Greek agrarian proverb, not an OT citation | Medium, see 08_core_glossary.md B.4; render for meaning (stubborn futile resistance to God), per the baseline idiom-handling rule; note the structural similarity to the Acts 17:28 classical citation (inspired text drawing on familiar non-scriptural idiom/proverb for a specific rhetorical purpose, not doctrinal borrowing). |
Acts 27
Reviewed — no direct OT quotations. Loose narrative/typological resonance: a prophet/apostle of God caught in a storm at sea recalls Jonah 1 (contrast, not equivalence — Paul is not fleeing God’s call as Jonah was, but faithfully proclaiming it even in the storm) and Psalm 107:23-30 (God stills the storm for those who cry to him). Theme: Providence (परमेश्वर दा प्रबन्ध, High, unchanged) and Faith (भरोसा, High, unchanged — Paul’s confident trust in God’s word amid crisis). No new terms to ratify.
Acts 28
| Acts Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Acts 28:3-6 | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (mistaken-for-a-god motif) | Paul; the Maltese islanders | No direct OT quotation; directly parallels Acts 14:11-18 (Lystra) | High. Repeated narrative pattern (miracle-worker mistaken for a deity) — teach as illustrating a recurring biblical corrective (God’s messengers firmly refuse worship due to God alone), reinforcing living_God/idol-polemic material from chs. 14, 17. |
| Acts 28:26-27 | Fulfillment of Prophecy; Universal Human Accountability | Paul; Jewish leaders in Rome | Quotes Isaiah 6:9-10 (“you will indeed hear but never understand…”) | High. NOTE: this specific text (Isaiah 6:9-10) is distinct from the OT text underlying Romans 11:8 (Deuteronomy 29:4/Isaiah 29:10, “a spirit of stupor”), though both address the same broader theme — Israel’s partial, temporary hardening. Do not conflate the two OT source texts in teaching material even though the doctrinal theme (fulfillment_of_prophecy, Israel’s mixed response) is shared with Romans 9-11. |
| Acts 28:30-31 | The Great Commission Fulfilled | Paul | ”Unhindered” (ἀκωλύτως) — the book’s closing word, no OT quotation | Low, see 08_core_glossary.md B.6 बिना रोक-टोक; deliberately open-ended, hopeful close matching the book’s Acts 1:8 program now substantially realized. |
PART B — Messianic References Summary
| OT Text | Acts Occurrence(s) | Messianic Content | Romans Connection | Risk |
|---|
Psalm 2:1-2, 2:7 | Acts 4:25-26; 13:33 | The nations rage against God’s Anointed; the Son declared | Conceptually parallel to Romans 1:4 (sonship declared at resurrection) | Critical |
Psalm 16:8-11 (esp. v.10) | Acts 2:25-28; 13:35 | David’s Holy One will not see corruption — resurrection foretold | Reinforces BASELINE resurrection doctrine | Critical |
Psalm 110:1 | Acts 2:34-35 | Enthronement at God’s right hand | Reinforces BASELINE lordship_of_christ | Critical |
Psalm 118:22 | Acts 4:11 | The rejected stone becomes the cornerstone | Thematically parallel to Isaiah 28:16 (Romans 9:33, 10:11) — different verse, same stone-motif | High |
Deuteronomy 18:15,18-19 | Acts 3:22-23; 7:37 | The prophet like Moses | No direct Romans quotation; unique to Acts | Critical |
Isaiah 53:7-8 (cf. 53:1 in Romans 10:16) | Acts 8:32-33 | The Suffering Servant, silent before judgment | Same OT chapter quoted in Romans 10:16 (different verse) — CRITICAL cross-curriculum consistency required for shared vocabulary (सेवक, etc.) | Critical |
Isaiah 49:6 | Acts 13:47 (echoed 26:23) | Light to the Gentiles | Thematically parallel to Isaiah 52:7 (Rom 10:15) and Isaiah 11:10 (Rom 15:12) | Medium-High |
Isaiah 55:3 | Acts 13:34 | Sure blessings of David | Extends BASELINE davidic_covenant + grace | High |
Amos 9:11-12 | Acts 15:16-18 | Rebuilding the tent (line) of David for Gentile inclusion | Thematically parallel to Romans 15:9-12 catena | High |
1 Samuel 13:14 | Acts 13:22 | David, a man after God’s own heart | Background for Davidic Covenant doctrine | Medium |
PART C — Typological Patterns
| Type (OT figure/event) | Antitype / NT Fulfillment | Acts Reference(s) | Teaching Note | Risk |
|---|
Babel’s confusion of tongues (Genesis 11:1-9) | Pentecost’s gift of tongues for gospel proclamation | Acts 2:1-11 | Reversal typology: division healed into unity in Christ, not merely a miracle of speech. | Medium |
Sinai covenant-giving (Exodus 19-20) | Spirit poured out at the Feast of Weeks/Pentecost | Acts 2:1 | The New Covenant’s Spirit-gift given on the very festival that once celebrated the Law’s giving. | Medium |
Elijah’s bodily ascension (2 Kings 2:11) | Christ’s ascension | Acts 1:9-11 | Christ’s ascension is unique (enthronement of the eternal Son, not translation of a prophet); do not equate weight. | Critical |
Joseph rejected by his brothers, exalted, becomes deliverer (Genesis 37-45) | Christ rejected by his own, exalted, becomes Savior | Acts 7:9-16 | Explicit type; Christ’s atonement is categorically greater than Joseph’s providential rescue from famine. | High |
Moses rejected at first, becomes Israel’s “ruler and redeemer” (Exodus 2-3) | Christ, rejected, made “ruler and redeemer” by God | Acts 7:17-37 (esp. 7:35) | Made explicit in the text itself; anchors “prophet like Moses” messianic prophecy (Deut 18:15). | Critical |
The Passover/new-exodus deliverance pattern (Exodus 12-14) | Peter’s angelic prison deliverance | Acts 12:1-19 | Illustrative parallel of God’s purposive rescue of his people; connect to BASELINE providence doctrine. | Medium |
Jonah, a prophet at sea in a storm (Jonah 1) | Paul, an apostle at sea in a storm, faithful rather than fleeing | Acts 27 | Contrast typology, not equivalence — useful for teaching faithful endurance versus Jonah’s flight. | Low-Medium |
| Miracle-workers mistaken for deities (recurring pattern) | Paul/Barnabas at Lystra; Paul at Malta | Acts 14:11-18; 28:3-6 | Repeated narrative corrective: God’s messengers refuse worship due to God alone. | High |
| Suffering Servant of Isaiah 53 | Jesus, silent before his accusers, “led like a sheep to the slaughter” | Acts 8:32-33 | Direct fulfillment (not mere typology); anchor firmly as fulfilled prophecy, matching Romans 10:16’s use of the same chapter. | Critical |
Levitical clean/unclean food law (Leviticus 11) | Abolished purity-boundary between Jew and Gentile in Christ | Acts 10:9-16, 10:28 | The sharpest live collision point in this curriculum (शुद्ध/अशुद्ध); teach with full force and full care together. | Critical |
PART D — Rendering-Consistency Rules for Shared Quotations (Acts ↔ Romans)
The following rules govern any quotation, phrase, or theological formula that occurs in both Acts and the already-translated Romans curriculum. These rules are binding for Phase 2.
Joel 2:32b / Acts 2:21 ↔ Romans 10:13 — “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.” Dogri wording MUST be verbatim-identical in both curricula. Uses BASELINE प्रभु + उद्धार. Critical.Isaiah 53 — Acts 8:32-33 (vv.7-8) and Romans 10:16 (v.1) both quote this chapter. Any Isaiah-53 vocabulary shared between the two curricula (e.g., “servant,” सेवक) must remain consistent in register and rendering. Critical.Deuteronomy 18:15,18-19 — quoted twice within Acts itself (3:22-23 and 7:37). Must be rendered identically both places. Critical.Psalm 16:10 — quoted twice within Acts itself (2:27 and 13:35). Must be rendered identically both places. Critical.Psalm 2 — vv.1-2 quoted at Acts 4:25-26; v.7 quoted at Acts 13:33. Different verses of the same psalm; render each faithfully to its own verse, but note the shared source psalm in teaching material. High.- Justification statement, Acts 13:38-39 — must match the BASELINE Romans rendering of justification (धर्मी ठहराए जाना) exactly; this is Acts’s clearest forensic-justification statement outside Romans and functions as a direct doctrinal bridge between the two curricula. Critical.
- Grace statement, Acts 15:11 — must match BASELINE grace (बिना कमाई दित्ती दया) + salvation (उद्धार) + lord (प्रभु) exactly. Critical.
- Habakkuk citations are NOT interchangeable —
Habakkuk 2:4 (Romans 1:17, the gospel’s faith-principle) and Habakkuk 1:5 (Acts 13:41, a warning against scoffing) are different verses serving different rhetorical functions; never merge or cross-substitute in teaching notes. Medium-High.
- “Stone” motif texts are thematically, not textually, parallel —
Psalm 118:22 (Acts 4:11) and Isaiah 28:16 (Romans 9:33, 10:11) both use stone-imagery for Christ but are different source verses; render each on its own terms while noting the shared motif. High.
- “Light to the Gentiles” family of texts are thematically, not textually, parallel —
Isaiah 49:6 (Acts 13:47, 26:23), Isaiah 52:7 (Romans 10:15), and Isaiah 11:10 (Romans 15:12) all serve the mission-to-the-nations doctrine but are distinct verses; render each faithfully, keep “light”/“good news” vocabulary internally consistent per baseline glory-metaphor cautions. Medium.
- Psalm 69 applications must not be conflated —
Psalm 69:25 is applied to Judas’s judgment (Acts 1:20); Psalm 69:9 and 69:22-23 are applied to Christ’s own suffering and to Israel’s hardening respectively in Romans (15:3; 11:9-10). Same psalm, three different applications to three different referents — teaching notes must keep these distinct. Medium-High.
- Non-scriptural citations (Acts 17:28 classical poets; Acts 26:14 “kicking against the goads” proverb) — never treat these as Scripture-quotations-proper in translator notes; flag them distinctly as inspired text’s rhetorical use of familiar non-biblical material, structurally similar to but categorically different from the OT quotations above. High for 17:28 (given the “common ground then correction” strategy’s sensitivity in this comparative-religion context); Medium for 26:14 (idiom only).
This document extends but never contradicts translation_memory.json (baseline), bible_term_registry.json (baseline), doctrine_risk_registry.json (baseline), and the Acts-specific 07_semantic_analysis.md / 08_core_glossary.md. All Critical and High risk citations listed above require human theologian review before Phase 2 segment translation of the relevant passage begins.