Semantic Analysis — Jude 1:1-25 (Full Book)

Book Overview & Scope Note

The Epistle of Jude is a single-chapter book of 25 verses. Per the PRD Phase 1 mandate for full-book coverage, this document treats the entire book, first verse to last. Because Jude has only one chapter, “chapter-by-chapter” coverage and “core passage verse-by-verse” coverage necessarily overlap:

• Part 1 below gives verse-by-verse treatment of the designated core passage, Jude 1:3-23 (the theological anchor: contending for the faith, judgment on false teachers, Old Testament types, mercy on the wavering).
• Part 2 gives the same verse-by-verse depth of treatment to Jude 1:1-2 and 1:24-25 — the epistolary opening and closing doxology — which lie outside the designated core passage but are required for full-book coverage.
• Chapter coverage confirmation: Jude 1 is the only chapter in the book. With Parts 1 and 2 combined, every verse (1-25) has been analyzed. No chapter is silently omitted.

All terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json (गॉड, यीशु, मसीह, प्रभु, भरोसा, पवित्तर, पवित्तर लोक, पवित्तर आत्मा, बिना कमाई दित्ती दया, उद्धार, भेजेआ होया, महिमा, नबी, भविष्यवाणी, शान्ति, धन्नवाद, पाप, व्यवस्था, etc.) are reused exactly below and marked “(baseline TM — reused).” New terms required for Jude’s distinct vocabulary are marked “(new term)” and are proposed for addition to translation memory in Step 2 deliverables.

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Part 1 — Core Passage Verse-by-Verse: Jude 1:3-23

Jude 1:3

ἀγαπητοί (agapētoi) — Lit. “beloved ones.” Semantic range: dearly loved, cherished. English variants: “beloved,” “dear friends.” Contextual meaning: Jude’s affectionate address before a hard warning. Dogri: प्यारे (pyare). Risk: Low. (new term, but low collision risk — simple term of endearment.)

σπουδὴν… γράφειν (spoudēn… graphein) — Lit. “to make haste/eagerness to write.” Semantic range: urgency, diligence, earnest effort. Contextual meaning: Jude had intended one letter but urgency forced a different one. Dogri: कावें-कावें लिखणा / descriptive बड़ी उतावली कन्नै लिखणा (“to write with great urgency”). Risk: Low.

κοινῆς σωτηρίας (koinēs sōtērias) — Lit. “common/shared salvation.” σωτηρία reuses the baseline उद्धार (baseline TM — reused, Critical). κοινός = “common, shared, held jointly.” Contextual meaning: the salvation shared corporately by all believers, not an individually negotiated benefit. Dogri: सांझा उद्धार (saanjha uddhar). Risk: Critical (inherits उद्धार’s Critical status — must not be read as a personal boon granted through a shrine vow, but as the one salvation shared by the whole believing community).

ἀνάγκην ἔσχον (anankēn eschon) — Lit. “I had necessity/compulsion.” Contextual meaning: Jude felt compelled by circumstance (the infiltration of false teachers) to change his letter’s subject. Dogri: जरूरी होई गेआ (jaroori hoi geya, “it became necessary”). Risk: Low.

παρακαλῶν (parakalōn) — Present participle of παρακαλέω, already in baseline TM as हौसला देना (exhort/encourage), but here used in the sense of urgent appeal/entreaty, which the baseline itself flags as context-sensitive (“use बिनती करना for beseeching; हौसला देना for building up” — baseline exhort entry). Here the sense is beseeching appeal. Dogri: बिनती करना (binti karna). Risk: Low (baseline TM — reused, context-sensitive branch).

ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι (epagōnizesthai) — Lit. “to struggle/contend upon/for,” from ἀγών (contest, athletic struggle). Semantic range: to fight earnestly for a cause, as in an arena contest. English variants: “contend for,” “earnestly contend,” “fight for.” Contextual theological meaning: this is the doctrinal keynote of the whole epistle — believers must actively, effortfully defend revealed truth against corruption, not passively hold it. Dogri: डटकर लड़ना (datkar ladna, “to fight firmly/resolutely”) or fuller descriptive जोर लाइयै रक्षा करना (“to strive with force in defense of”). Risk: High (new term — must convey active, effortful defense, not a ritual combat/vow-fulfillment image; must also not sound like a call to communal violence given the region’s history of communal sensitivities).

τῇ ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ τοῖς ἁγίοις πίστει (tē hapax paradotheisē tois hagiois pistei) — Lit. “the faith once-for-all handed-over to the saints.” Component terms:

• πίστις (pistis) — reuses baseline भरोसा (baseline TM — reused, High). Here πίστις shifts sense slightly from personal trust (Romans usage) to the body of revealed truth/doctrine entrusted to the church — “the faith” as a deposit, not merely an act of trusting. This nuance must be flagged: Dogri भरोसा normally names the act of trusting; here it names the content trusted. A translator note is required distinguishing “भरोसा (trusting)” from “भरोसे दी गल्ल” or “भरोसे दा खजाना” (the trusted deposit/content of faith) so learners do not lose this shift. Risk: Critical (a widely load-bearing verse; mistranslation here undercuts the entire doctrine of “the faith once delivered”).
• ἅπαξ (hapax) — “once, once-for-all, a single unrepeatable time.” Same semantic category as the baseline’s treatment of ἅπαξ in resurrection theology (baseline flags “once-for-all” resurrection against cyclical rebirth). Dogri: इक्को बारी सदा आस्तै (ikko baari sada aaste, “one time, for all time”). Risk: Critical — must not be softened into “from time to time” or “repeatedly,” and must be kept semantically distinct from cyclical/renewable religious transmission models (e.g., repeated oral transmission across yugas in some Hindu textual traditions).
• παραδοθείσῃ (paradotheisē) — “having been handed over/delivered/entrusted,” passive, from παραδίδωμι. Contextual meaning: the faith was given by God/the apostles to the church, a one-directional transmission, not negotiated, earned, or self-generated. Dogri: सौंपी गेई (saumpi gei, “was handed over/entrusted”). Risk: High.
• ἁγίοις (hagiois) — reuses baseline पवित्तर लोक (baseline TM — reused, saints, High).

Combined rendering (new compound doctrinal term): “the faith once for all delivered to the saints” → वह भरोसे दी गल्ल जेह्‌ड़ी परमेश्वरे इक्को बारी सदा आस्तै पवित्तर लोकां गी सौंपी (“that content of the faith which God handed over once for all time to the saints”). Risk: Critical. This entire clause anchors the doctrine “Contending for the Faith Once Delivered” and must be rendered identically wherever it recurs in derivative curriculum materials.

Jude 1:4

παρεισέδυσαν (pareisedysan) — Lit. “slipped in secretly/crept in alongside.” From παρα- (beside) + εἰς- (into) + δύω (to sink/enter). Semantic range: covert, unnoticed infiltration. Contextual meaning: false teachers entered the church community by stealth, not openly. Dogri: चोरी-चोरी अंदर आ गे (chori-chori andar aa ge, “came in secretly/like thieves”). Risk: Medium.

ἀσεβεῖς (asebeis) — Lit. “without reverence [for God]; impious.” From ἀ- (without) + σέβομαι (to revere/worship). Semantic range: godlessness, irreverence toward the divine, moral corruption flowing from that irreverence. English variants: “ungodly,” “impious,” “godless.” Contextual theological meaning: this is the epistle’s defining label for the false teachers, developed across vv.4-16 (doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers). Dogri: बेपरमेश्वर (beparmeshwar, lit. “without-God,” new compound coined for this Language Package). Risk: Critical. Rejected alternative: अधर्मी/अधरमी — this would use the धरम root, which the baseline Romans package explicitly flags as carrying strong Dogra Rajput caste/lineage-duty connotations (see baseline righteousness and law entries, which reject bare धरम for exactly this reason). Using अधर्मी for “ungodly” would risk being heard as “one who neglects social/caste duty” rather than “one without reverence for the true God.” बेपरमेश्वर, built on the already-established परमेश्वर (God), avoids this collision entirely and should be adopted as the standing Jude-curriculum term, consistent in spirit with the baseline’s existing pattern of avoiding धरम-rooted vocabulary.

τὴν… χάριν… μετατιθέντες εἰς ἀσέλγειαν (tēn… charin… metatithentes eis aselgeian) — “turning/exchanging grace into licentiousness.” χάρις reuses baseline बिना कमाई दित्ती दया (baseline TM — reused, Critical). μετατίθημι = “to transfer, exchange, pervert.” ἀσέλγεια (aselgeia) = unrestrained sensual indulgence, moral looseness, “anything goes” license. Dogri for ἀσέλγεια: लुचपन (luchpan, licentiousness/moral looseness — a colloquial Dogri/Punjabi register term, not a Sanskritic abstraction). Risk: Medium. Combined theological point: false teachers were converting the doctrine of unmerited grace into a license for immorality — this is a direct extension of the baseline’s Critical grace-guarding concern (baseline: grace ≠ merit ≠ mannat-exchange) into a third wrong direction — grace misused as permission for sin. This clause should be flagged Critical whenever grace is being contrasted with either merit, vow-exchange, or (as here) licentious excess.

ἀρνούμενοι τὸν μόνον δεσπότην καὶ κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν (arnoumenoi ton monon despotēn kai kyrion hēmōn Iēsoun Christon) — “denying our only Sovereign/Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.” κύριον reuses baseline प्रभु (baseline TM — reused, Critical). δεσπότην (despotēn) — Lit. “master, owner, absolute ruler of a household.” Semantic range spans “master of slaves” to “sovereign ruler.” English variants: “Sovereign,” “Master,” “Lord” (when translations conflate it with κύριος). Contextual theological meaning: paired with κύριος, δεσπότης intensifies the confession of Christ’s total, exclusive ownership and rule — the two terms together assert absolute divine authority, denied by the false teachers’ behavior. Dogri (new term): हाकम (hakam — an administrative/governmental term for “ruler, authority-holder,” carrying no Hindu devotional register). Risk: High. Rejected alternative: स्वामी — स्वामी is avoided because in Duggar and broader North Indian usage it is also a common honorific for a Hindu ascetic teacher or guru-figure (e.g., “Swami-ji”), which risks framing Christ’s absolute mastery as one more venerated teacher-title rather than unique divine ownership. Rejected: महाराजा — already excluded per baseline’s lord entry for the same dynastic-title reason.

Jude 1:5

ὁ Κύριος… λαὸν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου σώσας (ho Kyrios… laon ek gēs Aigyptou sōsas) — “the Lord… having saved a people out of the land of Egypt.” Reuses baseline प्रभु and उद्धार-family verb (σώζω, save). This is the first of Jude’s three Old Testament types: Israel delivered from Egypt yet later destroyed in unbelief. The unnamed “people” (λαός) is Israel; Dogri instructional notes should make this explicit using the established proper noun इस्राएल (baseline TM — reused) even though the Greek text itself says only “a people.” Dogri for λαός here: लोक (folk/people), with a translator’s gloss identifying them as इस्राएली लोक.

τοὺς μὴ πιστεύσαντας ἀπώλεσεν (tous mē pisteusantas apōlesen) — “he destroyed those who did not believe.” πιστεύω shares the root of baseline भरोसा (faith/believe). ἀπόλλυμι = “destroy, ruin, cause to perish.” Dogri: नाश कर दित्ता (naash kar ditta, “he destroyed/ruined”). Risk: High — establishes the doctrine that even those once delivered can be destroyed through unbelief; must not be softened into a milder “disciplined” or “punished mildly,” since the Greek verb denotes total ruin/perishing.

Jude 1:6

ἀγγέλους (angelous) — “angels.” From ἄγγελος, “messenger.” (new term) Dogri: स्वर्गदूत (swargdoot, lit. “heavenly messenger” — the standard regional North Indian Christian term). Risk: Medium. Must be kept distinct from देवता (a Hindu deity/demigod) and from फरिश्ता (the Islamic-register term for angel); स्वर्गदूत keeps the concept within a distinctly biblical register.

μὴ τηρήσαντας τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχήν (mē tērēsantas tēn heautōn archēn) — “not having kept their own position/domain.” τηρέω (tēreō) — Lit. “to keep, guard, watch over, preserve.” This verb is the single most theologically load-bearing recurring verb in Jude (vv.1, 6, 13, 21; cf. φυλάσσω in v.24), directly feeding the doctrine “Kept by God and Presented Blameless.” Here (ironically) it is used of angels who failed to keep their assigned position. Dogri (new term): रक्खना (rakkhna, “to keep/preserve”) as the base rendering; where the doctrinal weight of God’s keeping of believers is in view (vv.1, 21, 24), the intensified compound सुरक्षित रक्खना (surakshit rakkhna, “to keep securely/safe”) should be used. Risk: Critical. This verb-family must be distinguished from the transactional protection sought through mannat vows (e.g., safe travel/pilgrimage boons sought at Vaishno Devi) — God’s keeping in Jude is unconditional covenant faithfulness, not a negotiated protective favor. ἀρχήν (archēn) — “domain, sphere of rule, position of authority.” Dogri: अपनी ठौर/ओहदा (apni thaur/ohda, “their own place/position”). Risk: Medium.

ἀπολιπόντας τὸ ἴδιον οἰκητήριον (apolipontas to idion oikētērion) — “having left/abandoned their own proper dwelling.” οἰκητήριον = “dwelling place, habitation.” Dogri: अपना घर छोड़ी दित्ता (apna ghar chhoddi ditta). Risk: Low.

ἀιδίοις δεσμοῖς… τετήρηκεν (aidiois desmois… tetērēken) — “he has kept [them] with eternal chains/bonds.” δεσμός = “chain, bond, fetter.” Dogri: सदा दे सांगल (sada de saangal, “chains that last forever”) — see αἰώνιος/eternal treatment below. Risk: High.

ὑπὸ ζόφον (hypo zophon) — “under gloom/darkness.” ζόφος = a strong term for thick, murky darkness (distinct from the ordinary word for night-darkness), associated in Greek usage with the deep gloom of the underworld. Dogri: घोर न्हेरे थल्ले (ghor nhere thalle, “under deep darkness”). Risk: Medium.

κρίσιν μεγάλης ἡμέρας (krisin megalēs hēmeras) — “the judgment of the great day.” κρίσις (krisis) — Lit. “a separating, a decision, a judgment/verdict.” (new term) Dogri: न्याय (nyay, “judgment/justice” — a standard civic/legal term). Risk: High. Rationale: न्याय avoids the karma-cycle framing that a term rooted in धरम might carry, while still communicating a decisive legal verdict; must always be taught as a single, final, personal divine verdict, not an impersonal karmic accounting mechanism operating automatically across lifetimes.

Jude 1:7

Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα (Sodoma kai Gomorra) — Proper names, transliterated: सदोम ते अमोरा (Sadom te Amora — following established regional Bible convention). Risk: Low (proper names; confirm transliteration against BSI Dogri Bible).

ἐκπορνεύσασαι (ekporneusasai) — “having given themselves to sexual immorality/fornication,” intensive form of πορνεύω. Dogri: व्यभिचार च डुब्बी गेइयां (vyabhichaar ch dubbi geiyaan, “sank into sexual immorality”). Risk: Medium.

σαρκὸς ἑτέρας (sarkos heteras) — Lit. “flesh other/different [than what is proper].” Idiomatic reference to the unnatural sexual sin of Sodom. Dogri: गैर-कुदरती सरीरिक पाप (gair-kudrati saririk paap, “unnatural bodily sin”). Risk: Medium — should be handled with pastoral care and without unnecessary graphic elaboration, while preserving the moral seriousness of the text.

δεῖγμα (deigma) — “example, specimen, sample set forth for display.” (new term) Dogri: मिसाल (misal, example). Risk: Low.

πυρὸς αἰωνίου δίκην ὑπέχουσαι (pyros aiōniou dikēn hypechousai) — “undergoing the punishment of eternal fire.” αἰώνιος (aiōnios) — Lit. “pertaining to an age; without end; eternal.” (new term — Critical, see full treatment below.) δίκη (dikē) here = “penalty, punishment” (a different sense from δικαιοσύνη’s “righteousness” already Critical in the baseline; translators must not confuse the two roots). Dogri: सदा दी अग्गी दा दण्ड (sada di aggi da dand, “the punishment of fire that lasts forever”). Risk: Critical.

CRITICAL FLAG — αἰώνιος (aiōnios, “eternal”) and πῦρ αἰώνιον (“eternal fire”): The baseline package already treats resurrection and rebirth-cycle collisions extensively; this document identifies a parallel, previously unflagged risk specific to Jude’s heavy use of eternal-judgment language (vv.6, 7, 13, 21). Rejected: अनन्त — this common Sanskritic term for “eternal/infinite” carries strong Vedantic philosophical association with the eternal, unchanging ātman (soul) and with the eternal, cyclical structure of cosmic time (kalpas, yugas); using it here risks importing a philosophical eternity-of-being concept rather than a straightforward “without end” temporal claim. Rejected: नर्क (as a rendering of the fire/punishment itself) — नर्क names one of several temporary hells within the Hindu cosmological cycle of samsara, from which a soul can eventually be released after its karma is exhausted; Jude’s πῦρ αἰώνιον is a permanent, non-cyclical punishment and must never be rendered in a way that imports the exit-after-karma-is-paid framework. Preferred rendering: descriptive सदा दी अग्ग / सदा दा (sada di agg / sada da, “fire/thing that is forever”) — plain, non-technical, non-Sanskritic, and non-cosmological.

Jude 1:8

ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι (enypniazomenoi) — “dreaming, being dreamers.” Metaphorical for those led by self-generated visions/fantasies rather than truth. Dogri: सुफनैं च गुम्म (sufnain ch gumm, “lost in dreams”). Risk: Low.

σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν (sarka men miainousin) — “defile the flesh.” μιαίνω (miainō) = “to stain, pollute, defile” (moral, not primarily ritual, though the Greek word can carry cultic overtones). Dogri (new term): भ्रष्ट करना (bhrasht karna, “to corrupt/defile”). Risk: Medium. Must be distinguished from भिट्ट (baseline’s rejected term for ritual impurity before temple worship) — this is moral self-corruption, not a ritual-purity state.

κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν (kyriotēta de athetousin) — “reject/set aside authority/dominion.” κυριότης (kyriotēs) shares its root with κύριος (baseline प्रभु). (new term) Dogri: प्रभुता (prabhuta, “lordship/dominion” — built directly on the established प्रभु root, keeping the etymological link visible). Risk: High. ἀθετέω (atheteō) = “to set aside, nullify, reject as invalid.” Dogri: रद्द करना (radd karna, “to nullify/reject”). Risk: Medium.

δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν (doxas de blasphēmousin) — “blaspheme glorious ones [i.e., angelic/heavenly beings].” δόξα here reuses baseline महिमा (baseline TM — reused, High) in its plural, personalized sense (“glorious ones/majesties,” referring to angelic dignitaries). βλασφημέω (blasphēmeō) = “to speak abusively/slanderously against, to blaspheme.” (new term) Dogri: निंदा करना (ninda karna, “to slander/blaspheme”). Risk: High — must retain the sense of contemptuous, irreverent speech against beings that deserve honor, not mere disagreement or criticism.

Jude 1:9

ὁ Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος (ho Michaēl ho archangelos) — Proper name + title. ἀρχάγγελος (archangelos) = “chief/ruling angel,” from ἀρχή (chief, ruler) + ἄγγελος (messenger). (new term) Dogri: प्रधान स्वर्गदूत मीकाईल (pradhan swargdoot Mikail). Risk: Low.

τῷ διαβόλῳ διελέγετο (tō diabolō dielegeto) — “was disputing/arguing with the devil.” διάβολος (diabolos) — Lit. “slanderer, accuser,” from διαβάλλω (to accuse/slander). (new term) Dogri: शैतान (shaitan — the standard regional Christian term). Risk: Medium. Must be kept distinct from generic folk-belief spirits/ghosts (भूत-प्रेत); शैतान names the single personal adversary of God, a specific fallen being, not an impersonal malevolent force.

περὶ τοῦ Μωυσέως σώματος (peri tou Mōuseōs sōmatos) — “concerning the body of Moses.” Proper name मूसा (Musa) — standard regional transliteration. Risk: Low.

οὐκ ἐτόλμησεν κρίσιν ἐπενεγκεῖν βλασφημίας (ouk etolmēsen krisin epenegkein blasphēmias) — “did not dare to bring a judgment/accusation of blasphemy [against him].” Reuses κρίσις and βλασφημία roots above. Contextual meaning: even the archangel Michael, in direct confrontation with the devil, restrained himself from a slanderous accusation, leaving judgment to God — a model of restraint contrasted with the false teachers’ reckless slander of glorious beings (v.8). Risk: Medium.

ἐπιτιμήσαι σοι κύριος (epitimēsai soi kyrios) — “the Lord rebuke you” (quoting Zechariah 3:2). ἐπιτιμάω (epitimaō) = “to rebuke, reprove sharply.” (new term) Dogri: डाँटना (daantna, “to rebuke/scold”). Risk: Low. κύριος reuses baseline प्रभु.

Jude 1:10

ὅσα… οὐκ οἴδασιν βλασφημοῦσιν (hosa… ouk oidasin blasphēmousin) — “they blaspheme what they do not understand.” Reuses βλασφημέω above.

φυσικῶς… ἐπίστανται (physikōs… epistantai) — “understand naturally/instinctively,” from φύσις (nature). Dogri: कुदरती तौर उप्पर समझदे न (kudrati taur uppar samajhde ne, “understand in a natural way”). Risk: Low.

ὡς τὰ ἄλογα ζῷα (hōs ta aloga zōa) — “like irrational animals.” ἄλογος = “without reason/speech” (ἀ- + λόγος). ζῷον = “living creature, animal.” Dogri: बेअकली डंगरां वरगे (be-akli dangraan varge, “like unreasoning/senseless animals”). Risk: Low.

ἐν τούτοις φθείρονται (en toutois phtheirontai) — “by these things they are destroyed/corrupted.” φθείρω (phtheirō) = “to ruin, corrupt, destroy.” (new term) Dogri: नाश होई जांदे न (naash hoi jaande ne, “they are being destroyed”). Risk: Medium.

Jude 1:11

οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς (ouai autois) — “woe to them!” An OT-prophetic exclamation of impending judgment (cf. ἐλέγξαι, κρίσις elsewhere in Jude; matches the register of नबी/prophecy already in baseline). Dogri: उंआं धरी हाय! or standard prophetic idiom हाय उंआं उप्पर! (haay unhaan uppar, “woe upon them”). Risk: Medium — must retain full prophetic-judgment force, not soften into mere pity or sympathy.

τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν (tē hodō tou Kain eporeuthēsan) — “they walked in the way of Cain.” ὁδός (hodos) = “way, road, path” — a common metaphor for a course of life/conduct. Dogri: राह (raah, way/path). Risk: Low. Proper name कैन (Kain) — standard transliteration; risk Low.

τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ (tē planē tou Balaam) — “in the error/deception of Balaam.” πλάνη (planē) = “wandering, straying, error, deception” (root of English “planet,” originally “wanderer”). Dogri (new term): भुलेखा (bhulekha, error/delusion). Risk: Medium. Proper name बलआम (Balaam) — standard transliteration.

μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν (misthou exechythēsan) — “poured themselves out for [the sake of] wages/hire.” μισθός (misthos) = “wage, pay, reward.” Dogri (new term): मजूरी (majoori, wage/hire). Risk: Low — conveys mercenary motive for ministry, a key charge against the false teachers.

τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο (tē antilogia tou Kore apōlonto) — “perished in the rebellion/contradiction of Korah.” ἀντιλογία (antilogia) = “contradiction, dispute, rebellious opposition.” Dogri (new term): बगावत (bagawat, rebellion). Risk: Medium. Proper name कोरह (Korah) — standard transliteration. ἀπόλλυμι reuses the “destroy/perish” root from v.5.

Jude 1:12

σπιλάδες (spilades) — Lit. “hidden [submerged] reefs” in nautical usage; some interpreters read it as a variant of σπίλοι, “stains/blemishes.” (new term) Dogri: छुपे खतरे (chhupe khatre, “hidden dangers/reefs” — primary rendering, favoring the nautical sense given the surrounding wave/storm imagery in vv.12-13); alternative rendering noted for reviewers: दाग़ (daag, “stains/blemishes”). Risk: Medium — flag both senses for native-speaker/theologian review to select final rendering.

ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις ὑμῶν συνευωχούμενοι (en tais agapais hymōn syneuōchoumenoi) — “feasting together at your love-feasts.” ἀγάπη (agapē) here in its specific technical sense of the early church’s shared communal meal (“love feast”). Dogri: प्यार दियां दावतां (pyaar diyaan daawataan, “feasts of love”). Risk: Medium — should be explicitly glossed for learners as the early church’s shared fellowship meal, distinct from ordinary social feasting and from any temple-offering feast (prasad-sharing) framework.

ἀφόβως (aphobōs) — “fearlessly, without fear [of God/consequence].” Dogri: बेखतरे (be-khatre, fearlessly — in the negative sense of presumptuous boldness). Risk: Low.

ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες (heautous poimainontes) — “shepherding themselves [only].” ποιμαίνω (poimainō) = “to shepherd, tend a flock.” Dogri: अपने आपै गी ई पालणा (apne aapai gi ee paalna, “tending only themselves”). Risk: Low — a self-serving inversion of the pastoral-shepherd image.

νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι… ὑπὸ ἀνέμων παραφερόμεναι (nephelai anydroi… hypo anemōn parapheromenai) — “waterless clouds… carried along by winds.” Dogri: पानी बिना बदल… हवा च उड़दे (paani bina badal… hawa ch uddde). Risk: Low — vivid metaphor for teachers who promise but do not deliver.

δένδρα φθινοπωρινὰ ἄκαρπα, δὶς ἀποθανόντα, ἐκριζωθέντα (dendra phthinopōrina akarpa, dis apothanonta, ekrizōthenta) — “autumn trees, fruitless, twice-dead, uprooted.” Dogri: पत्तझड़ी दे रुख, बिना फल दे, दो बारी मरे, जड़ां थमां पुट्टे (pattjhaddi de rukh, bina phal de, do baari mare, jaddaan thamaan putte). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:13

κύματα ἄγρια θαλάσσης (kymata agria thalassēs) — “wild waves of the sea.” Dogri: समुंद्र दियां तेज लहरां (samundar diyaan tez lehraan). Risk: Low.

ἐπαφρίζοντα τὰς ἑαυτῶν αἰσχύνας (epaphrizonta tas heautōn aischynas) — “foaming up/casting up their own shames.” αἰσχύνη (aischynē) = “shame, disgrace.” Dogri (new term): आपणी शरम दा झाग (aapni sharam da jhaag, “the foam of their own shame”). Risk: Medium — engages Dogra Rajput honor/shame (izzat) cultural categories directly; must be handled with care to preserve the text’s own moral force without appearing to invoke or mock local honor codes specifically.

ἀστέρες πλανῆται (asteres planētai) — “wandering stars” (same πλάνη root as v.11’s “error”). (new term) Dogri: भटकदे तारे (bhatakde taare, wandering stars). Risk: Low.

οἷς ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους εἰς αἰῶνα τετήρηται (hois ho zophos tou skotous eis aiōna tetērētai) — “for whom the gloom of darkness has been kept/reserved forever.” Reuses ζόφος (v.6), τηρέω (Critical, see above), and αἰών/αἰώνιος (Critical, see v.7 flag). Dogri: जिंआं आस्तै घोर न्हेरा सदा आस्तै रक्खिआ गेआ ऐ (jinhaan aaste ghor nhera sada aaste rakkhiya geya ai). Risk: Critical (compounds the τηρέω-Critical and αἰώνιος-Critical flags in a single clause).

Jude 1:14-15

Ἑνὼχ… ἕβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδάμ, προεφήτευσεν (Henōch… hebdomos apo Adam, proephēteusen) — “Enoch, seventh from Adam, prophesied.” Proper name (new term): हनोक (Hanok — standard regional Christian transliteration). Risk: Low. προφητεύω (prophēteuō) shares its root with baseline भविष्यवाणी (baseline TM — reused, Low); verb form: भविष्यवाणी कीती (bhavishyavani kiti, “prophesied”).

ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ (en hagiais myriasin autou) — “with his holy myriads/ten-thousands [of angels].” μυριάς (myrias) = “ten thousand; a very great number.” (new term) Dogri: लाखां पवित्तर स्वर्गदूतां समेत (lakhaan pavittar swargdootaan samet, “with lakhs of holy angels” — using the culturally natural Indian large-number term “lakh” rather than a literal “ten-thousand”). Risk: Low. ἁγίαις reuses baseline पवित्तर.

ποιῆσαι κρίσιν κατὰ πάντων, ἐλέγξαι πάντας τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς (poiēsai krisin kata pantōn, elegxai pantas tous asebeis) — “to execute judgment against all, to convict/expose all the ungodly.” Reuses κρίσις and ἀσεβής (both flagged above, High/Critical). ἐλέγχω (elegchō) = “to expose, convict, bring to light, reprove with evidence.” Dogri (new term): साबित करी देना (saabit kari dena, “to prove/expose [their guilt]”). Risk: Medium.

περὶ πάντων τῶν ἔργων ἀσεβείας αὐτῶν… καὶ περὶ πάντων τῶν σκληρῶν ὧν ἐλάλησαν (peri pantōn tōn ergōn asebeias autōn… kai peri pantōn tōn sklērōn hōn elalēsan) — “concerning all their works of ungodliness… and all the harsh things they have spoken.” ἀσέβεια (asebeia) — noun form, parallel to ἀσεβής above: Dogri बेपरमेश्वरपन (beparmeshwarpan, “ungodliness” — parallel compound structure to baseline’s पवित्तरता, “holiness,” maintaining internal consistency of noun-formation pattern). Risk: Critical. σκληρός (sklēros) = “hard, harsh, rough [words].” Dogri: सखत गल्लां (sakht gallaan, “harsh words”). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:16

γογγυσταί (gongystai) — “grumblers, murmurers” (onomatopoeic Greek word imitating the sound of muttering — cf. Israel’s wilderness grumbling). (new term) Dogri: बड़बड़ करने वाले (badbad karne wale, grumblers). Risk: Low.

μεμψίμοιροι (mempsimoiroi) — “fault-finders, malcontents [about one’s lot/portion].” (new term) Dogri: कमियां कड्ढने वाले (kamiyaan kaddhne wale, fault-finders). Risk: Low.

κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας ἑαυτῶν πορευόμενοι (kata tas epithymias heautōn poreuomenoi) — “walking/proceeding according to their own desires.” ἐπιθυμία (epithymia) = “strong desire, craving, lust” (morally neutral in form, negative in most NT usage). (new term) Dogri: बुरी लालसा (buri lalsa, “evil craving”). Risk: Medium. Rejected: वासना — avoided because in North Indian devotional and yogic vocabulary वासना carries a specific technical sense of latent karmic desire-impressions carried across lifetimes (a concept from Vedanta/Yoga philosophy); ऐपिथिमिया’s plain moral sense of “wrongful craving in this life” would be muddied by importing that karmic framework.

τὸ στόμα αὐτῶν λαλεῖ ὑπέρογκα (to stoma autōn lalei hyperogka) — “their mouth speaks bombastic/boastful things.” ὑπέρογκος (hyperogkos) = “swollen beyond measure, bombastic, grandiose.” (new term) Dogri: फूक्की गल्लां (phukki gallaan, “puffed-up/bombastic words”). Risk: Low.

θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα ὠφελείας χάριν (thaumazontes prosōpa ōpheleias charin) — “admiring/flattering faces for the sake of advantage.” θαυμάζω πρόσωπα is a Hebraic idiom (“to show partiality/flatter”). ὠφέλεια (ōpheleia) = “benefit, advantage, profit.” (new term) Dogri: फैदे आस्तै चापलूसी करना (faide aaste chaplusi karna, “flattering for the sake of gain”). Risk: Medium.

Jude 1:17-18

μνήσθητε τῶν ῥημάτων τῶν προειρημένων ὑπὸ τῶν ἀποστόλων (mnēsthēte tōn rhēmatōn tōn proeirēmenōn hypo tōn apostolōn) — “remember the words spoken beforehand by the apostles.” ἀπόστολος reuses baseline भेजेआ होया (baseline TM — reused, Medium). μνήσθητε (mnēsthēte) = imperative “remember!” Dogri: याद रख्खो (yaad rakkho, “remember/keep in memory” — note: distinct sense from τηρέω’s “keep/preserve,” though both use रक्खना root; here it is memory-retention, not protective custody). Risk: Low.

ἐπ᾽ ἐσχάτου [τοῦ] χρόνου (ep’ eschatou [tou] chronou) — “in the last time.” ἔσχατος (eschatos) = “last, final, uttermost.” Dogri: आखरी बेल्लै (aakhri bellai, “in the last time/era”). Risk: Low.

ἔσονται ἐμπαῖκται (esontai empaiktai) — “there will be mockers/scoffers.” ἐμπαίκτης (empaiktēs) = “mocker, scoffer.” (new term) Dogri: मजाक करने वाले / ठट्ठा करने वाले (majak karne wale / thattha karne wale, mockers). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:19

οἱ ἀποδιορίζοντες (hoi apodiorizontes) — “those who cause divisions/separations [within the church].” (new term) Dogri: फूट पान वाले (foot paan wale, “those who cause splits/divisions”). Risk: Medium.

ψυχικοί, πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες (psychikoi, pneuma mē echontes) — “worldly/soulish [people], not having the Spirit.” ψυχικός (psychikos) — Lit. “pertaining to the soul/natural life” (from ψυχή, “soul, natural life-principle” — a different Greek word from πνεῦμα, “spirit”). Semantic range: describes a person governed by merely natural, unregenerate human life, as opposed to one indwelt and governed by the Holy Spirit. English variants: “worldly,” “unspiritual,” “sensual,” “natural.” Dogri (new term): सांसारिक सुभाऽ वाले (sansarik subha wale, “of worldly nature/disposition”). Risk: High. Special note: this rendering must deliberately avoid using either आत्मा (already reserved for पवित्तर आत्मा, Holy Spirit) or जीव (which carries strong Hindu/Jain philosophical weight as the individual soul bound within samsara) as the base noun for ψυχή, since both would blur the crucial soul/spirit distinction the verse itself is making (“soulish… not having the [Holy] Spirit”). The clause πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες — “not having the Spirit” — must render πνεῦμα here as the full established पवित्तर आत्मा (baseline TM — reused, Critical), per the baseline’s absolute rule that the Holy Spirit is never abbreviated or rendered partially.

Jude 1:20

ὑμεῖς δέ, ἀγαπητοί (hymeis de, agapētoi) — “but you, beloved” — direct contrast with the false teachers just described. Dogri: पर तुसां, प्यारे,… (par tusaan, pyare…). Risk: Low.

ἐποικοδομοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς τῇ ἁγιωτάτῃ ὑμῶν πίστει (epoikodomountes heautous tē hagiōtatē hymōn pistei) — “building yourselves up on your most holy faith.” ἐποικοδομέω (epoikodomeō) = “to build upon, build up” (architectural metaphor, cf. baseline doctrine “Mutual Edification”). (new term) Dogri: अपने आपै गी पवित्तर भरोसे उप्पर बणाना (apne aapai gi pavittar bharose uppar banana, “building yourselves up on [your] holy faith”). Risk: Medium. ἁγιωτάτῃ (hagiōtatē) — superlative of ἅγιος (baseline पवित्तर): “most holy.” Dogri: सारें थमां पवित्तर (saaren thamaan pavittar, “holiest of all”). Risk: Low (compositional superlative of an already-established term). πίστις reuses baseline भरोसा.

ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ προσευχόμενοι (en Pneumati Hagiō proseuchomenoi) — “praying in the Holy Spirit.” Reuses पवित्तर आत्मा (baseline TM — reused, Critical). προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai) = “to pray.” Dogri: प्रार्थना करना (prarthana karna). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:21

ἑαυτοὺς ἐν ἀγάπῃ Θεοῦ τηρήσατε (heautous en agapē Theou tērēsate) — “keep yourselves in the love of God.” Reuses τηρέω (Critical, see v.6 treatment) and introduces ἀγάπη (agapē) = “love” in its general sense (distinct from the technical “love-feast” sense in v.12). Dogri: आपने आपै गी परमेश्वर दे प्यार च रक्खो (aapne aapai gi Parmeshwar de pyaar ch rakkho). Risk: Critical — this is the doctrinal center of “Kept by God and Presented Blameless”: believers are called to actively remain within a keeping that is ultimately God’s own doing (cf. v.24’s φυλάξαι, “he is able to keep/guard you”). The paradox of human responsibility (“keep yourselves”) within divine preservation (v.24, “him who is able to keep you”) must be preserved, not collapsed into either pure self-effort or pure passivity.

προσδεχόμενοι τὸ ἔλεος τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον (prosdechomenoi to eleos tou Kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou eis zōēn aiōnion) — “waiting for/expectantly awaiting the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.” προσδέχομαι (prosdechomai) = “to wait for, look forward to, receive.” Dogri: उडीक करना (udeek karna, “to wait/look forward to”). Risk: Low. ἔλεος (eleos) = “mercy, compassion shown to one in need or distress” — distinct from χάρις/grace (favor to the undeserving generally) though closely related; ἔλεος specifically emphasizes compassion toward suffering or need. (new term) Dogri: दया (daya, mercy — the same root already embedded within baseline’s grace-compound “बिना कमाई दित्ती दया”). Risk: High — anchors the doctrine “Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering,” developed further in vv.22-23. ζωὴν αἰώνιον (zōēn aiōnion) = “eternal life” — reuses the Critical αἰώνιος term (see v.7 flag); rendered सदा दी जिन्दगी (sada di zindagi, “life that is forever”), deliberately avoiding both अनन्त (Vedantic eternity association) and मोक्ष/मुक्ति (liberation-from-rebirth associations already rejected in baseline for “salvation”). Risk: Critical.

Jude 1:22-23

οὕς μὲν ἐλεᾶτε διακρινομένους (hous men eleate diakrinomenous) — “on some have mercy, who are wavering/doubting.” ἐλεέω (eleeō) — verb form of ἔλεος above: “to show mercy, have compassion on.” (new term) Dogri: दया करनी (daya karni, “to show mercy”). Risk: High. διακρίνομαι (diakrinomai) — Lit. “to be divided in judgment, to doubt, waver, dispute [with oneself],” middle/passive of διακρίνω (“to separate, distinguish, judge between”). Semantic range: doubting, wavering between two positions, being caught in unresolved dispute. English variants: “doubting,” “wavering,” “disputing,” “contending.” Contextual theological meaning: names precisely the doctrine “Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering” — these are believers or borderline-believers destabilized by the false teachers’ influence, not yet lost, still within reach of compassionate correction. Dogri (new term): डोलणे वाले (dolne wale, “those who are wavering/swaying” — an everyday Dogri verb for physical/mental unsteadiness, avoiding any technical philosophical vocabulary). Risk: High.

οὕς δὲ σῴζετε ἐκ πυρὸς ἁρπάζοντες (hous de sōzete ek pyros harpazontes) — “but save others, snatching them out of the fire.” σῴζω reuses baseline उद्धार-family verb. ἁρπάζω (harpazō) = “to seize, snatch, grab suddenly and forcibly (often to rescue from danger).” (new term) Dogri: खींच के कड्ढना (khinch ke kaddhna, “to pull/snatch out forcibly”). Risk: Medium — conveys urgent, forceful rescue, matching the doctrine of active intervention rather than passive hope.

οὕς δὲ ἐλεᾶτε ἐν φόβῳ (hous de eleate en phobō) — “and on others have mercy with fear.” φόβος (phobos) = “fear, dread, reverential awe.” Dogri: डर कन्नै (dar kannai, “with fear” — here the fear of being contaminated by the sin one seeks to rescue another from, not fear of God per se, though translators should note the semantic overlap). Risk: Medium.

μισοῦντες καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα (misountes kai ton apo tēs sarkos espilōmenon chitōna) — “hating even the garment stained by the flesh.” μισέω (miseō) = “to hate.” σπιλόω (spiloō) — “to stain, spot, defile” (same root as σπιλάδες in v.12’s alternate sense). χιτών (chitōn) = “tunic, garment worn next to the skin.” Dogri: सरीरे थमां दागी होए कपड़े थमां नफरत करना (sarire thamaan daagi hoe kapde thamaan nafrat karna, “hating even the clothing stained by the flesh”). Risk: Medium — a vivid image of avoiding even indirect contamination by sin while rescuing the sinner; must be taught carefully so as not to suggest hatred of the person being rescued, only of the sin’s residue.

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Part 2 — Remainder of Chapter 1: Jude 1:1-2 and 1:24-25 (Full-Book Coverage Completion)

Jude 1:1

Ἰούδας (Ioudas) — Proper name, “Jude/Judas.” Dogri: यूदा (Yuda — standard regional transliteration, distinguished in context from Judas Iscariot). Risk: Low.

δοῦλος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (doulos Iēsou Christou) — “a slave/bondservant of Jesus Christ.” δοῦλος (doulos) — Lit. “slave, one wholly owned by a master,” with no independent legal standing apart from the master’s will. (new term) Dogri: दास (das, “servant/bondservant” — the established regional Christian usage for one’s total submission to Christ, e.g. “यीशु मसीह दा दास”). Risk: Medium. Note for review: दास also functions in North Indian bhakti devotional tradition as a devotee’s self-designation before a deity or guru (e.g., “Ram Das”); this overlap is not necessarily negative — it may in fact aid comprehension of total devotion — but must be confirmed against the BSI Dogri Bible and flagged so translators understand the term is not being coined fresh but inherited from a wider devotional vocabulary now filled with distinctly Christian content (total ownership by Christ, not a guru-devotee bhakti relationship).

ἀδελφὸς δὲ Ἰακώβου (adelphos de Iakōbou) — “brother of James.” ἀδελφός (adelphos) = “brother” (new term). Dogri: भाई (bhai). Risk: Low. Proper name याकूब (Yakub) — standard regional transliteration for James.

τοῖς ἐν Θεῷ Πατρὶ ἠγαπημένοις καὶ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ τετηρημένοις κλητοῖς (tois en Theō Patri ēgapēmenois kai Iēsou Christō tetērēmenois klētois) — “to those who are loved in God the Father and kept for Jesus Christ, called ones.” Θεός/Πατήρ reuse baseline परमेश्वर/पिता. ἠγαπημένοις (ēgapēmenois) — perfect passive participle, “having been loved” — Dogri: प्यारे (pyare, “beloved,” parallel to v.3’s use). τετηρημένοις (tetērēmenois) — perfect passive participle of τηρέω — “having been kept/preserved” — reuses the Critical keeping-verb established above; here applied to all believers, not only angels or believers’ self-effort: God himself has already kept them for Christ. Dogri: सुरक्षित रक्खे गे (surakshit rakkhe ge, “having been kept securely”). Risk: Critical — this opening verse states the doctrine “Kept by God” as the foundational identity of every believer addressed in the letter, framing everything that follows (including the false teachers’ failure to be kept, vv.6,13, and the exhortation to “keep yourselves,” v.21) as variations on this one theme. κλητοῖς (klētois) reuses baseline सद्देआ होया-family / calling doctrine (baseline TM — reused, High): Dogri सद्देआ होए (saddea hoe, “called ones”).

Jude 1:2

ἔλεος καὶ εἰρήνη καὶ ἀγάπη πληθυνθείη (eleos kai eirēnē kai agapē plēthyntheiē) — “mercy and peace and love be multiplied.” ἔλεος reuses the mercy term established at v.21-22 above (Dogri दया, High). εἰρήνη reuses baseline शान्ति (baseline TM — reused, Medium). ἀγάπη — general “love” — Dogri (new term): प्यार (pyaar). Risk: Low. πληθύνω (plēthynō) = “to multiply, increase.” Dogri: बधना (badhna, “to increase/multiply”). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:24

τῷ δὲ δυναμένῳ φυλάξαι ὑμᾶς ἀπταίστους (tō de dynamenō phylaxai hymas aptaistous) — “to him who is able to keep/guard you from stumbling.” δύναμαι (dynamai) shares its root with baseline सामर्थ/δύναμις (power of God) — here as a verb, “is able.” φυλάσσω (phylassō) — Lit. “to guard, watch over, keep safe from harm” — a distinct Greek verb from τηρέω, though overlapping in English “keep.” (new term) Dogri: रक्षा करना (rakshaa karna, “to protect/guard”). Risk: High — feeds directly into the doctrine “Kept by God and Presented Blameless,” here shown as God’s own unaided ability, closing the frame opened in v.1 (τετηρημένοις) and continued in v.21 (τηρήσατε). ἄπταιστος (aptaistos) — Lit. “without stumbling/tripping,” from ἀ- + πταίω (“to stumble, trip, fail”). Dogri (new term): डिगणे थमां बचाइयै (digne thamaan bachaiyai, “having been kept from falling/stumbling”). Risk: Medium.

καὶ στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ ἀμώμους ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει (kai stēsai katenōpion tēs doxēs autou amōmous en agalliasei) — “and to present [you] blameless before his glory, with exceeding joy.” ἵστημι/στῆσαι (histēmi/stēsai) — “to set, make stand, present.” (new term) Dogri: खड़ा करना (khadda karna, “to make stand/present”). Risk: Low. κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ — δόξα reuses baseline महिमा (baseline TM — reused, High). ἄμωμος (amōmos) — Lit. “without blemish, blameless, faultless” (originally used of unblemished sacrificial animals). Semantic range: ritual/moral flawlessness. (new term) Dogri: निरदोष (nirdosh, “blameless/faultless” — a standard legal/moral Dogri-Hindi term). Risk: High — this is the capstone term of the doctrine “Kept by God and Presented Blameless”; must convey a status conferred by God’s finishing work (paralleling the baseline’s Critical justification doctrine, धर्मी ठहराए जाना, “declared righteous”) rather than a moral perfection the believer has personally achieved through effort or ritual purification. ἀγαλλίασις (agalliasis) — “exultant joy, ecstatic gladness” (a stronger term than ordinary χαρά, “joy”). (new term) Dogri: बड़ी खुशी / उमंग (badi khushi / umang, “great joy/exuberant joy”). Risk: Low.

Jude 1:25

μόνῳ Θεῷ Σωτῆρι ἡμῶν (monō Theō Sōtēri hēmōn) — “to the only God, our Savior.” Θεός reuses baseline परमेश्वर. Σωτήρ (Sōtēr) — “Savior, one who saves/rescues” — noun form built on the same root as σωτηρία (baseline TM — उद्धार, Critical). (new term, direct compound of an existing Critical term) Dogri: उद्धारकर्ता (uddharkarta, “Savior,” lit. “the one who accomplishes uddhar/salvation” — compositionally consistent with the already-established baseline term). Risk: Critical — inherits the full Critical status of उद्धार; must never be rendered with a term suggesting a boon-granting deity (as at Vaishno Devi) or a liberator from samsara (मुक्तिदाता, rejected).

διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν (dia Iēsou Christou tou Kyriou hēmōn) — “through Jesus Christ our Lord.” Reuses baseline यीशु मसीह प्रभु. Risk: Critical (baseline TM — reused).

δόξα μεγαλωσύνη κράτος καὶ ἐξουσία (doxa megalōsynē kratos kai exousia) — “glory, majesty, dominion, and authority.” δόξα reuses baseline महिमा. μεγαλωσύνη (megalōsynē) — “greatness, majesty” (new term): Dogri महानता (mahanta, greatness/majesty). Risk: Medium. κράτος (kratos) — Lit. “might, strength exercised as dominion/rule” (new term): Dogri बल (bal, “strength/might” — a common, religiously-neutral Dogri/Hindi word). Risk: Medium. Rejected: पराक्रम — this Sanskritic term denotes heroic valor/prowess and carries strong Dogra Rajput warrior-heroism connotations (epic battlefield prowess); using it for God’s κράτος would risk framing divine dominion as a warrior-king’s martial glory (resonant with, e.g., Dogra dynastic military history) rather than transcendent sovereign might. ἐξουσία (exousia) — “authority, right, delegated power” (new term): Dogri अधिकार (adhikaar, authority). Risk: Medium.

πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας (pro pantos tou aiōnos kai nyn kai eis pantas tous aiōnas) — “before all time/every age, and now, and unto all the ages [to come].” αἰών (aiōn) — Lit. “age, era, a long duration of time” (root of αἰώνιος, already Critical above). (new term) Dogri: हर समें (har samen, “at every time/era”) / सदा-सदा (sada-sada, “forever and ever”). Risk: Critical. Rejected: जुग/युग — this common North Indian term for a cosmic time-era is inseparable in regional religious imagination from the Hindu cyclical cosmology of four descending yugas (Satya, Treta, Dvapara, Kali) and from the doctrine of Vishnu’s avatars appearing in successive yugas — a doctrine the baseline package already identifies as the single highest-salience local collision risk (cf. baseline’s अवतार/incarnation warnings tied to Raghunath Mandir). Rendering αἰών as जुग anywhere in this doxology would risk framing God’s eternity as one more phase within a repeating cosmic cycle, precisely the opposite of Jude’s point that God’s dominion spans all time without beginning, interruption, or repetition. Descriptive, non-technical renderings (हर समें, सदा-सदा) are required instead.

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Chapter Coverage Confirmation

Jude 1 is the entirety of the book. Parts 1 (vv.3-23) and 2 (vv.1-2, 24-25) together constitute complete, verse-by-verse coverage of every verse in Jude, first to last. No portion of the book has been silently omitted. All six curriculum doctrines (Contending for the Faith Once Delivered; Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers; Old Testament Warnings as Types; Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering; Kept by God and Presented Blameless; Doxology and God’s Preserving Power) have been traced to their specific load-bearing Greek terms above.