Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Corinthians (Portuguese)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md across the entire book of 1 Corinthians (chapters 1-16), citing the chapter(s) of first/primary occurrence. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked REUSE and carry their exact baseline rendering and risk tier forward unchanged. New terms introduced by 1 Corinthians are marked NEW and are proposed here for addition to the project’s translation memory, following the baseline’s Critical/High/Medium/Low framework.
Reused Terms (from Baseline Romans Translation Memory)
| English term | Portuguese rendering | Risk (baseline) | Chapters in 1 Corinthians | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | evangelho | High | 1, 4, 9, 15 | REUSE — unchanged |
| grace | graça | High | 1, 3, 15 (v.10), 16 | REUSE — unchanged |
| faith | fé | High | 2, 12, 13, 15 (v.11) | REUSE — unchanged |
| resurrection | ressurreição | Critical | 15 (throughout) | REUSE — unchanged; NEVER “reencarnação” |
| church | igreja | Medium | throughout (1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16) | REUSE — unchanged |
| called / calling | chamado | High | 1, 7 | REUSE — unchanged |
| saints | santos | Critical | 1, 6, 16 | REUSE — unchanged; requires explanatory note every occurrence |
| sanctification / sanctified | santificação / santificado | High | 1, 6, 7 | REUSE — unchanged |
| justification / justified | justificação / justificado | Critical | 6 | REUSE — unchanged |
| fellowship (general sense) | companheirismo | Low | 1, 10 (general sense only) | REUSE — unchanged; see NEW entry below for the distinct Lord’s Supper sense of κοινωνία |
| spiritual gifts | dons espirituais | High | 12, 14 | REUSE — unchanged; elevated practical load-bearing weight in 1 Corinthians |
| prophecy | profecia | Low (baseline) | 12, 13, 14 | REUSE rendering; flag for native speaker review in this curriculum given elevated live-gift context (see notes) |
| holy_spirit | Espírito Santo | Critical | 2, 3, 6, 12 | REUSE — unchanged |
| apostle | apóstolo | Low | 1, 4, 9, 12, 15 | REUSE — unchanged |
| glory | glória | Medium | 10, 11 | REUSE — unchanged |
| abba (transliteration precedent) | (see Maranata below) | Medium | 16 | Precedent reused for handling of untranslated Aramaic forms |
New Terms Introduced by 1 Corinthians
| English term | Portuguese rendering | Risk | Doctrine category (curriculum) | Chapter(s) | Risk note (grounded reason) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cross | cruz | Critical | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1 | Kardecism denies substitutionary atonement, framing Christ’s death as moral example within his own spiritual evolution rather than a unique, sufficient payment for sin; “a cruz” must retain full atoning sufficiency. |
| foolishness (of the message) | loucura | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1, 4 | Both Kardecism’s self-presentation as “scientific/rational” and general skepticism frame the gospel as irrational; must preserve the passage’s own reversal (loucura = true wisdom/power of God). |
| wisdom (of God / of the world) | sabedoria | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1, 2, 3 | Must not be conflated with esoteric “sabedoria” claims common to Spiritist/esoteric movements promising superior hidden knowledge accessed apart from Scripture. |
| divisions/factions | divisões | Medium | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 1, 11 | No syncretism collision; central to unity-vs-factionalism doctrine — must convey a real threat to gospel unity, not mere stylistic disagreement. |
| spiritual / natural (person) | espiritual / natural | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 2 | ”Homem espiritual” must denote Spirit-indwelt discernment of revealed truth, not a Kardecist “espírita”/“sensitivo” with mediumistic perception. |
| mystery | mistério | Medium/High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 2, 4 | Must be distinguished from popular Brazilian usage of “mistérios” for occult/esoteric hidden knowledge (astrology, Kardecist “mistérios espirituais,” Umbanda ritual secrets). |
| temple of God (corporate / body) | templo de Deus / templo do Espírito Santo | Critical | Church Discipline and Holiness | 3, 6 | Close surface parallel to Kardecist mediumship and Candomblé/Umbanda incorporação (body as vessel entered by spirits); must be taught as exclusive, permanent, non-alternating Holy Spirit indwelling. |
| steward(s) | mordomos | Medium | Church Discipline and Holiness | 4 | Standard vocabulary; apostolic accountability to Christ alone must not collapse into factional popular endorsement. |
| sexual immorality | imoralidade sexual | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 5, 6 | Must retain full moral seriousness before a holy God; avoid euphemistic softening given variable pastoral directness across Brazilian church traditions. |
| leaven | fermento | Low/Medium | Church Discipline and Holiness | 5 | Requires OT (Passover) background note; no syncretism collision. |
| hand over to Satan | entregar a Satanás | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 5 | Requires redemptive-intent framing (restoration goal) to avoid punitive or folk-magical misreading. |
| bought with a price | comprado(s) por preço | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 6 | Redemption is a completed transaction by Christ, not a debt worked off by effort across time/lifetimes (parallels baseline grace/salvation cautions). |
| marriage | casamento | Medium | Marriage and Singleness | 7 | Standard vocabulary; pastoral sensitivity given differing Catholic sacramental / Evangelical / secular frameworks, but no syncretism collision. |
| virgin / unmarried | virgem | Medium | Marriage and Singleness | 7 | Distinguish Paul’s undivided-devotion rationale from the specifically Catholic category of consecrated virginity as a higher spiritual state. |
| food sacrificed to idols | carne/comida sacrificada a ídolos | Critical | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 8, 10 | Direct, live parallel to Candomblé/Umbanda comida de santo offered to orixás; a real contemporary pastoral issue, not a historical curiosity. |
| conscience | consciência | Medium | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 8 | Standard vocabulary; must be kept terminologically distinct from “knowledge” and “liberty.” |
| liberty / right | liberdade / direito | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 8, 9, 10 | Must be taught as freedom bounded by love, not an absolute right compatible with participation in idolatrous ritual contexts. |
| stumbling block | tropeço / escândalo | Medium | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 8 | Standard vocabulary; no major syncretism collision. |
| race / run (metaphor) | corrida / correr | Low/Medium | Order in Worship (disciplined ministry) | 9 | Disciplined effort in ministry service must not be misread as the ground of justification/salvation. |
| imperishable crown | coroa incorruptível | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 9 | First occurrence of the incorruptibility word-group; keep vocabulary consistent with ch.15’s fuller, Critical-risk treatment. |
| self-control | domínio próprio | Low | (supporting) | 9 | Standard vocabulary. |
| idolatry / idols | idolatria / ídolos | Critical | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 10 | Must affirm both idols’/orixás’ lack of independent divine legitimacy AND the real spiritual danger of participation in their worship — a nuanced position requiring careful teaching. |
| table of the Lord / cup of the Lord | mesa do Senhor / cálice do Senhor | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | 10, 11 | Exclusivity claim (cannot share both the Lord’s table and idol feasts) must not be softened. |
| communion (Lord’s Supper sense of κοινωνία) | comunhão | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | 10, 11 | Distinct from baseline’s general “fellowship” = companheirismo; standard Portuguese Bible tradition requires “comunhão” specifically for Lord’s Supper participation language — NOT the rejected “comunhão dos santos” creedal phrase, which remains excluded. |
| head / headship | cabeça | Medium/High | Order in Worship | 11 | Sensitive across denominational traditions on gender roles in worship; render literally, let doctrine notes carry interpretive weight. |
| veil / head covering | velo / cobrir | Medium | Order in Worship | 11 | Practice varies widely across Brazilian church traditions; avoid imposing a single resolution in translation. |
| the Lord’s Supper | Ceia do Senhor | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | 11 | Central term for the curriculum doctrine; compounded body/spirit-vessel collision risk from chs. 3, 6; must avoid both magical/mediumistic and purely memorial-only framings. |
| body and blood (of Christ, Supper) | corpo e sangue | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | 11 | Same considerations as “Ceia do Senhor.” |
| discerning the body | discernir o corpo | High | The Lord’s Supper | 11 | Requires careful, non-alarmist framing while preserving the passage’s real seriousness. |
| tongues | línguas | Critical | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 12, 14 | Sharpest gift-related Brazilian collision: must be distinguished from Kardecist psicofonia and Candomblé/Umbanda trance-possession utterance; a gift under the speaker’s self-control, not possession displacing agency. |
| discernment of spirits | discernimento de espíritos | Critical | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 12 | Live pastoral tool for distinguishing genuine Spirit-given manifestation from mediumistic/ritual/psychological phenomena in the Brazilian context. |
| body of Christ / members | corpo de Cristo / membros | High | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 12 | Must be distinguished, where relevant, from the sacramental “corpo de Cristo” of the Lord’s Supper (ch. 11) — same phrase, two distinct referents. |
| baptism | batismo | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 12 | Denominational debate (sacramental / believer’s / Spirit-baptism) exists across the target audience; render literally without resolving the debate. |
| love | amor | High | Love as the Greater Way | 13 | Must be explicitly distinguished from Kardecism’s caridade as a merit-generating practice advancing a spirit’s evolution across incarnations; ch. 13’s love is the fruit of grace already secured, not its cause. |
| the perfect / the partial | o que é perfeito / o que é parcial | Medium | Love as the Greater Way | 13 | Standard vocabulary; ties to eschatological themes in ch. 15. |
| edification | edificação | Medium | Order in Worship | 3, 14 | Central regulatory principle for worship gifts; keep consistent across chs. 3 and 14. |
| interpretation of tongues | interpretação de línguas | High | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 14 | Extends the “línguas” collision; requirement of interpretation further distinguishes the gift from unregulated ecstatic/trance speech. |
| decently and in order | de modo decente e ordenado | Medium | Order in Worship | 14 | Standard vocabulary; render consistently wherever this governing principle recurs. |
| firstfruits | primícias | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15 | Requires agrarian-metaphor gloss; must retain “guarantee of what is to come” logic — one event guaranteeing one future resurrection, not a repeatable cycle. |
| last Adam / first man | o último Adão / o primeiro homem | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15 | Requires OT (Genesis) background; representative-head structure, not a cyclical or evolutionary succession. |
| spiritual body / natural body | corpo espiritual / corpo natural | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15 | THE most hazardous term-pair in the book: direct collision with the Kardecist perispírito/“corpo espiritual” (a subtle body already possessed, surviving death for ongoing disembodied existence and reincarnation). Paul’s “corpo espiritual” is a NEW, transformed, physical body given at a future, one-time resurrection — the opposite claim. Requires an explicit contrastive note at every occurrence. |
| perishable/corruptible, imperishable/incorruptible | corruptível / incorruptível, corrupção / incorruptibilidade | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15 | Kardecism teaches innate, already-possessed immortality of the soul; Paul teaches a FUTURE GIFT of incorruptibility bestowed at the resurrection. Never blur this distinction. |
| sting of death / victory | aguilhão da morte / vitória | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15 | Decisive, completed victory over death — not an ongoing struggle resolved across repeated life-cycles. |
| collection | coleta / oferta | Low | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 16 | Standard vocabulary; practical expression of body-of-Christ unity across congregations. |
| holy kiss | beijo santo / ósculo santo | Low | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 16 | Standard formulaic greeting; contemporary Brazilian custom substitutes different physical forms — teach as the cultural form of commanded affection, not a required specific act. |
| Maranatha | Maranata | Medium | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 16 | Preserve untranslated Aramaic transliteration per the baseline’s “Abba” precedent; do not translate into Portuguese as the primary rendering. |
| sexual immorality (πορνεία, general) | pecado sexual / imoralidade sexual | High | Marriage and Singleness / Church Discipline | 5, 6, 7 | See ch.5-6 entry above; recurs in ch.7’s marriage instructions as the practical concern liberty/restraint is meant to guard against. |
Risk Summary for 1 Corinthians New Terms
| Risk tier | Count of new terms | Review routing (per baseline convention) |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 10 | Human theologian review required for every occurrence |
| High | 12 | Human theologian review required |
| Medium | 12 | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | 5 | Automated review sufficient |
Cross-Cutting Notes for Phase 2 Enforcement
- κοινωνία (koinōnia) has two valid, non-interchangeable Portuguese renderings within this single book: companheirismo (general fellowship, reused from baseline Romans TM) and comunhão (specifically Lord’s Supper participation, new to this Language Package). Phase 2 segment processing must determine which sense is active per occurrence (chs. 1, 10) before applying the glossary.
- “Corpo de Cristo” (body of Christ) is used in two related but distinct senses within 1 Corinthians: the corporate church (ch. 12) and the consecrated element of the Lord’s Supper (ch. 11). Both must render identically at the phrase level but require context-dependent doctrinal notes.
- The σῶμα πνευματικόν / ἀφθαρσία term-pair (ch. 15) is the single highest-priority new addition to the translation memory produced by this curriculum. It should be treated with at least the same rigor the baseline already applies to “encarnação” and “ressurreição,” given its direct and easily-confused surface resemblance to core, mainstream Kardecist vocabulary (perispírito/corpo espiritual, innate immortality).
- Terms newly proposed here as Critical or High risk should be added to
translation_memory.jsonandbible_term_registry.jsonin Phase 1 Step 2/3 outputs, following the version-increment procedure specified in the baseline12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
This glossary extends but never contradicts the baseline Romans Language Package. All reused terms carry forward their exact baseline Portuguese rendering and risk tier unchanged.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: justiça
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: mérito conquistado por esforço moral próprio
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in 1 Corinthians 1:30 (‘Cristo… tornou-se para nós… justiça’); right standing before God granted through faith, not self-earned moral achievement.
Justification
Approved rendering: justificação
Transliteration: dikaiōsis
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: progresso espiritual gradual
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the conversion triad ‘lavados, santificados, justificados’ in 1 Corinthians 6:11 — a forensic declaration received by faith, not gradual moral improvement.
Salvation
Approved rendering: salvação
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: evolução espiritual através de reencarnações sucessivas
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:2’s ‘sois salvos’ must be read as ongoing salvation grounded in a completed historical event, held fast (κατέχετε), not the Kardecist evolução espiritual across lifetimes.
Saints
Approved rendering: santos
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: santos venerados e invocados como intercessores
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Requires the same explanatory note as Romans 1:7 at every occurrence (1:2; 6:1-2; 16:1); the collision is sharpened in 1 Corinthians because Paul applies the term to believers he elsewhere rebukes for immorality and lawsuits.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Espírito Santo
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: espíritos guias ou mentores espirituais (espiritismo), orixás e guias (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Sole source of legitimate spiritual gifts (12:3-13) and permanent indweller of the believer’s body (6:19); heightened stakes in 1 Corinthians given the direct parallel between indwelling/gift-distribution language and mainstream Afro-Brazilian and Kardecist ritual vocabulary.
God
Approved rendering: Deus
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. The baseline’s note on Afro-Brazilian syncretism of orixás with Catholic saints applies with equal force here, particularly given 8:5-6’s direct engagement with ‘many gods and many lords.‘
Lord
Approved rendering: Senhor
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Senhor apenas em sentido devocional, sem reivindicação de senhorio total
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Must convey exclusive, supreme lordship incompatible with simultaneous devotion to orixás or spirit guides, per 12:3 and 8:5’s ‘many lords.‘
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jesus
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Standard across Portuguese Bible traditions.
Father
Approved rendering: Pai
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God as personal Father, ‘from whom all things came’ (8:6).
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messias
Transliteration: Christos / Mashiach
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: um espírito superior ou mais evoluído (leitura espírita de Jesus como ‘o mais evoluído dos espíritos’)
Inherited from Romans package. Reserve ‘Messias’ for contexts explicitly arguing Old Testament messianic fulfillment (e.g., underlying 15:3-8’s resurrection argument); use the new ‘christ’ entry’s ‘Cristo’ for the running name/title in ordinary text.
Christ
Approved rendering: Cristo
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: o espírito mais evoluído (cristologia kardecista)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
NEW entry required for full coverage of 1 Corinthians. The baseline registered only ‘Messias’ for the explicit Old Testament promise sense; the standard, established Portuguese Bible rendering of Χριστός as a running name/title throughout 1 Corinthians (‘Jesus Cristo,’ ‘Cristo Jesus,’ ‘em Cristo,’ ‘a ressurreição de Cristo’) is ‘Cristo.’ Use ‘Cristo’ for the name/title in running text; reserve ‘Messias’ for explicit fulfillment argumentation. Must never be softened, as Kardecism does, into ‘the most evolved spirit ever incarnated.‘
Cross
Approved rendering: cruz
Transliteration: stauros
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: um exemplo moral inspirador de autossacrifício, um episódio simbólico sem eficácia salvífica
Original: σταυρός
Category: Salvation
Kardecism explicitly denies substitutionary atonement, framing Christ’s death as a supreme moral example within his own spiritual evolution rather than a unique, sufficient payment for sin. ‘A cruz’ as ‘the power of God for salvation’ (1:17-18) must retain full atoning sufficiency and finality.
Temple Of God
Approved rendering: templo de Deus
Transliteration: naos theou
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: um vaso periodicamente ocupado por espíritos diversos
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ
Category: Church
3:16-17. The corporate church as God’s indwelt temple risks confusion with Umbanda/Candomblé incorporação and Kardecist mediumship vocabulary; must be taught as exclusive, permanent Holy Spirit indwelling, never a periodically-entered vessel.
Temple Of Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: templo do Espírito Santo
Transliteration: naos tou hagiou pneumatos
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: um vaso mediúnico apto a receber diferentes espíritos ou guias
Original: ναὸς τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος
Category: Sanctification
6:19-20. One of the sharpest Brazilian-specific collisions in the whole epistle: the individual believer’s body as the Spirit’s dwelling directly parallels mediumship/incorporação vocabulary. Mandatory contrastive note at every occurrence: exclusive, permanent, non-alternating indwelling by the ONE Holy Spirit.
Food Sacrificed To Idols
Approved rendering: carne/comida sacrificada a ídolos
Transliteration: eidōlothyta
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: comida de santo (seria uma equivalência não examinada), qualquer contato automático e magicamente contaminante
Original: εἰδωλόθυτα
Category: Christian Liberty
8:1-13; 10:19-28. Among the most direct, LIVE (not merely historical) collisions in the epistle: Candomblé/Umbanda ‘comida de santo’ offered to orixás is a present-day pastoral parallel, not a historical curiosity. Fixed compound phrase; do not shorten or paraphrase.
Idolatry
Approved rendering: idolatria / ídolos
Transliteration: eidōlolatria / eidōla
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: ídolos como objetos totalmente inertes e neutros, alarmismo demonológico desconectado do argumento do amor e da consciência
Original: εἰδωλολατρία / εἴδωλα
Category: Christian Liberty
10:7, 14, 19-20. Paul’s dual claim — idols/orixás have no independent divine legitimacy AND participation in their worship is genuinely dangerous (‘sacrificed to demons’) — requires careful, non-dismissive, non-alarmist teaching given Candomblé/Umbanda’s mainstream presence.
Table Of The Lord
Approved rendering: mesa do Senhor / cálice do Senhor
Transliteration: trapeza kyriou / potērion kyriou
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: preferência entre duas mesas igualmente aceitáveis
Original: τράπεζα κυρίου / ποτήριον κυρίου
Category: The Lord’s Supper
10:21. The exclusivity claim (‘you cannot have both’) must be preserved without softening.
Communion Lords Supper
Approved rendering: comunhão
Transliteration: koinōnia (Lord’s Supper sense)
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: companheirismo (sentido geral, inadequado aqui), comunhão dos santos (fórmula credal específica, já excluída pelo pacote base)
Original: κοινωνία (Lord’s Supper sense)
Category: The Lord’s Supper
10:16-18. Standard Portuguese Bible tradition requires ‘comunhão’ specifically for Lord’s Supper participation language, distinct from the general fellowship sense (companheirismo). Determine active sense per occurrence before applying glossary.
Lords Supper
Approved rendering: Ceia do Senhor
Transliteration: kyriakon deipnon
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: recebimento de um espírito (leitura mediúnica), memorial meramente simbólico sem qualquer seriedade
Original: κυριακὸν δεῖπνον
Category: The Lord’s Supper
11:20-34. The central term for the entire Lord’s Supper curriculum doctrine; compounded body/spirit-vessel collision risk from chs. 3 and 6. Must avoid magical/mediumistic framing without flattening ‘discerning the body’ (v.29).
Body And Blood
Approved rendering: corpo e sangue
Transliteration: sōma kai haima
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: linguagem mediúnica de incorporação
Original: σῶμα καὶ αἷμα
Category: The Lord’s Supper
11:24-27. Words of institution; same considerations as ‘lords_supper’ above.
Tongues
Approved rendering: línguas
Transliteration: glōssai
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: psicofonia (fala mediúnica espírita), transe de incorporação (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: γλῶσσαι
Category: Spiritual Gifts
12:10, 28, 30; 14:1-40. The sharpest gift-related collision in the book: must be grounded as a gift of the ONE Holy Spirit, exercised under the speaker’s ongoing self-control, requiring interpretation and order, never possession displacing agency.
Discernment Of Spirits
Approved rendering: discernimento de espíritos
Transliteration: diakrisis pneumatōn
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: capacidade psíquica genérica
Original: διάκρισις πνευμάτων
Category: Spiritual Gifts
12:10. A live pastoral tool for distinguishing genuine Spirit-given manifestation from mediumistic, Afro-Brazilian ritual, or purely psychological phenomena.
Spiritual Body
Approved rendering: corpo espiritual / corpo natural
Transliteration: sōma pneumatikon / sōma psychikon
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: perispírito / corpo fluídico (corpo sutil já possuído, kardecista)
Original: σῶμα πνευματικόν / σῶμα ψυχικόν
Category: Eschatology
15:44-46. THE single most theologically hazardous term-pair in the entire book: direct collision with the Kardecist perispírito, an already-possessed subtle body surviving death for reincarnation. Paul’s ‘corpo espiritual’ is a NEW, transformed, physical resurrection body given at a future, one-time event — the opposite claim. Mandatory contrastive note at EVERY occurrence, treated with at least the rigor the baseline applies to ‘encarnação.‘
Incorruptibility
Approved rendering: corruptível / incorruptível, corrupção / incorruptibilidade
Transliteration: phtharton / aphtharton, phthora / aphtharsia
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: imortalidade inata da alma (doutrina kardecista)
Original: φθαρτόν / ἄφθαρτον, φθορά / ἀφθαρσία
Category: Eschatology
15:42, 50, 52-54. Kardecism teaches the soul’s innate, already-possessed immortality. Paul’s ἀφθαρσία is a FUTURE GIFT bestowed at the resurrection, never a natural, already-possessed property. This distinction is the theological crux of the chapter and must never be blurred.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangelho
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: mensagem de evolução moral (Kardecist ethical-progress framing)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Standard term shared by Catholic and Protestant Portuguese Bibles. In 1 Corinthians 15:1-4 the term is explicitly defined as a fixed, received historical proclamation of a bodily resurrection, sharpening the baseline’s caution against Allan Kardec’s reinterpretation of ‘evangelho’ as reincarnation-compatible ethical teaching.
Grace
Approved rendering: graça
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: mérito espiritual acumulado ao longo de vidas sucessivas
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:10 is a key text for the grace-versus-merit contrast: Paul’s labor is the result of grace, not its cause, foreclosing the Kardecist logic of merit accumulated across incarnations.
Faith
Approved rendering: fé
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: convicção espírita, fé genérica em forças espirituais
Original: πίστις / πιστεύω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. The object of belief in 1 Corinthians 15:2, 11 must remain recoverable as the resurrection gospel just summarized, not generic belief in the spirit world.
Called
Approved rendering: chamado
Transliteration: klētos / klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling / Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: convocado (bureaucratic register), vocação (narrow sense of a call to priesthood or religious life)
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; risk tier aligned to High per bible_term_registry.json and downstream 1 Corinthians analysis documents. Covers both κλητός and κλῆσις forms. 1 Corinthians 7:17-24 adds a third sense — one’s providentially assigned life-situation — alongside the salvation-calling and apostleship-calling senses already documented in Romans. Segment-level context tagging required to disambiguate the active sense.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: santificação
Transliteration: hagiasmos / hagiazō
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: purificação cármica ao longo de reencarnações (leitura espírita)
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in the conversion triad of 6:11 and relationally in 7:14 (unbelieving spouse ‘sanctified’); the 7:14 use requires a note that this is not personal salvation, distinct from both Catholic sacramental-grace and Kardecist merit-transfer readings.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: dons espirituais
Transliteration: charismata
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: mediunidade (dom mediúnico espírita), dons de incorporação (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: χαρίσματα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 12-14 gives the fullest New Testament treatment of these gifts, making the baseline’s caution against conflation with Kardecist mediunidade and Afro-Brazilian ‘dons de incorporação’ directly load-bearing.
Law
Approved rendering: lei
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Cited as supporting evidence for apostolic material support (9:8-9) and regarding order in worship (14:34); must not be rendered with a term for Kardecist ‘lei de causa e efeito.‘
Covenant
Approved rendering: aliança
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: contrato legal
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. ‘This cup is the new covenant in my blood’ (11:25); a relational covenant bond sealed in Christ’s blood, not a renegotiable karmic ledger.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: sabedoria
Transliteration: sophia
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: conhecimento esotérico reservado a iniciados
Original: σοφία
Category: Wisdom and Revelation
Must be consistently rendered as ‘sabedoria de Deus’ versus ‘sabedoria deste mundo/século’ (1:17-30; 2:1-13; 3:19), never conflated with esoteric claims to superior hidden knowledge common to Kardecist and other esoteric movements in Brazil.
Foolishness
Approved rendering: loucura
Transliteration: mōria
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: irracionalidade sem sentido teológico
Original: μωρία
Category: Wisdom and Revelation
Both Kardecism’s ‘rational/scientific’ self-presentation and secular skepticism frame the gospel’s message as irrational (1:18, 23, 25; 4:10); the passage’s own reversal — this ‘loucura’ is in fact God’s wisdom and power — must be preserved, not softened into mere anti-intellectualism.
Spiritual Natural Person
Approved rendering: espiritual / natural
Transliteration: pneumatikos / psychikos
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: espírita/sensitivo com percepção mediúnica
Original: πνευματικός / ψυχικός
Category: Sanctification
2:14-15. ‘Homem espiritual’ denotes Spirit-indwelt discernment of revealed truth, not a Kardecist ‘espírita’ or ‘sensitivo’ with heightened mediumistic perception — a very common Brazilian self-descriptor requiring explicit contrast.
Mystery
Approved rendering: mistério
Transliteration: mystērion
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: conhecimento oculto reservado a iniciados (mistérios esotéricos, astrologia, Umbanda)
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Wisdom and Revelation
2:1, 7; 4:1. Paul’s ‘mystery’ is a once-hidden but now openly proclaimed truth, the epistemological opposite of popular ‘mistérios’ usage for occult/esoteric initiate-only knowledge.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: imoralidade sexual
Transliteration: porneia
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: eufemismo vago que minimiza a seriedade moral
Original: πορνεία
Category: Sin
5:1; 6:13, 18; 7:2. Must retain full moral seriousness before a holy God without prudish vagueness or reductive euphemism, given wide variance in Brazilian pastoral directness.
Handed Over To Satan
Approved rendering: entregar a Satanás
Transliteration: paradounai tō Satana
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: maldição ou punição mágica de caráter popular
Original: παραδοῦναι τῷ Σατανᾷ
Category: Discipline
5:5. Requires redemptive-intent framing (‘para que o seu espírito seja salvo’) to avoid punitive or folk-magical misreading.
Bought With A Price
Approved rendering: comprado(s) por preço
Transliteration: ēgorasthēte timēs
Doctrine: Sexual Holiness and the Body as Temple
Rejected alternatives: dívida a ser paga pelo próprio esforço ao longo do tempo (ou de vidas sucessivas)
Original: ἠγοράσθητε τιμῆς
Category: Salvation
6:20; 7:23. A completed transaction accomplished once by Christ, not a debt worked off through personal effort across time or, as Kardecism frames it, across successive lifetimes.
Liberty
Approved rendering: liberdade / direito
Transliteration: eleutheria / exousia
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: direito absoluto e irrestrito, mesmo em contexto idolátrico
Original: ἐλευθερία / ἐξουσία
Category: Christian Liberty
8:9; 9:1; 10:23. Must be taught as freedom bounded by love, not an absolute right compatible with participation in explicitly idolatrous ritual contexts.
Imperishable Crown
Approved rendering: coroa incorruptível
Transliteration: stephanos aphthartos
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: στέφανος ἄφθαρτος
Category: Eschatology
9:25. First occurrence of the incorruptibility word-group; keep vocabulary consistent with chapter 15’s fuller, Critical-risk treatment.
Head
Approved rendering: cabeça
Transliteration: kephalē
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Rejected alternatives: autoridade (paráfrase interpretativa que resolveria o debate), fonte (paráfrase interpretativa que resolveria o debate)
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Order in Worship
11:3-10. Sensitive across the full spectrum of Brazilian church traditions on gender roles in worship; render literally, let doctrine notes carry interpretive weight.
Discerning The Body
Approved rendering: discernir o corpo
Transliteration: diakrinōn to sōma
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: διακρίνων τὸ σῶμα
Category: The Lord’s Supper
11:29-30. Requires careful, non-alarmist pastoral framing while preserving the passage’s real seriousness.
Body Of Christ
Approved rendering: corpo de Cristo / membros
Transliteration: sōma Christou / melē
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα Χριστοῦ / μέλη
Category: Church
12:12-27. Must be distinguished, where relevant, from the sacramental ‘corpo de Cristo’ language of the Lord’s Supper (ch.11) — identical phrase, two distinct referents.
Love
Approved rendering: amor
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Rejected alternatives: caridade (associação contemporânea dominante com o mérito cármico espírita)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Love
13:1-13. Kardecism places ‘caridade’ at the center of its ethical system as the means by which a spirit progresses across incarnations. Rendered as ‘amor’ (modern standard, not ACF’s ‘caridade’) to avoid reinforcing that association. Must always be taught as a fruit of grace already secured through the risen Christ, never a merit-generating practice.
Interpretation Of Tongues
Approved rendering: interpretação de línguas
Transliteration: hermēneia glōssōn
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν
Category: Spiritual Gifts
14:5, 13, 26-28. Extends the ‘tongues’ collision: the requirement of interpretation further distinguishes this gift from unregulated ecstatic/trance speech.
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: primícias
Transliteration: aparchē
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἀπαρχή
Category: Eschatology
15:20, 23. Requires an agricultural-metaphor gloss; must retain the ‘guarantee of what is to come’ logic — one, unrepeated event guaranteeing one future resurrection, not a repeatable cycle.
Last Adam
Approved rendering: o último Adão / o primeiro homem
Transliteration: ho eschatos Adam / ho prōtos anthrōpos
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: sucessão cíclica ou evolutiva de humanidades
Original: ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ / ὁ πρῶτος Ἄνθρωπος
Category: Christology
15:21-22, 45-49. Requires OT (Genesis) background; must preserve the one-to-one representative-head structure, not a cyclical or evolutionary succession.
Sting Of Death Victory
Approved rendering: o aguilhão da morte / vitória
Transliteration: to kentron tou thanatou / nikos
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: vitória parcial e ainda incerta dentro de um ciclo contínuo de vidas
Original: τὸ κέντρον τοῦ θανάτου / νῖκος
Category: Eschatology
15:54-57. The decisive, completed nature of Christ’s victory over death must be preserved against any reading relocating the ‘real’ victory to a future, still-uncertain outcome of an ongoing cycle of lives.
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: santo
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: puro em sentido ritual
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Set apart for God and morally pure; underlies ‘beijo santo’ (16:20) and the general holy status of believers.
Glory
Approved rendering: glória
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Governs the standard ‘tudo para a glória de Deus’ (10:31).
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package as transliteration precedent. Not directly occurring in 1 Corinthians, but governs the handling decision for ‘Maranata’ (16:22) below: preserve fixed liturgical Aramaic formulas untranslated, per Almeida tradition.
Sin
Approved rendering: pecado
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: erro a ser corrigido em vidas futuras (leitura espírita)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Christ died for our sins’ (15:3) and ‘the sting of death is sin’ (15:56) tie sin’s defeat to Christ’s decisive, completed victory, not an ongoing karmic resolution.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: poder de Deus
Transliteration: dynamis theou
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God’s power specifically displayed in and through the message of the cross (1:18, 24; 2:5).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: reino de Deus
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Those who practice unrighteousness ‘will not inherit the kingdom of God’ (6:9-10); Christ ‘hands over the kingdom’ to the Father at the end (15:24).
Peace
Approved rendering: paz
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: tranquilidade emocional
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 14:33 the term describes God’s own orderly character underlying worship order, not merely subjective calm.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: profecia
Transliteration: prophēteia
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: psicografia (spirit messages transcribed through mediums)
Original: προφητεία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; risk ELEVATED from the baseline’s Low to Medium for this curriculum. Romans treats prophecy mainly as a fulfilled Old Testament category; 1 Corinthians 12-14 treats it as a live, currently operating congregational gift, placing it closer to the mediumistic ‘psicografia/psicofonia’ collision. Flag for native speaker review.
Church
Approved rendering: igreja
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: a Igreja (institutional-hierarchical sense)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. The community Paul once persecuted (15:9); distinguish from the capitalized institutional sense foregrounded in Catholic usage.
Divisions
Approved rendering: divisões
Transliteration: schisma
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Rejected alternatives: mera preferência de estilo ou personalidade
Original: σχίσμα
Category: Church
Rival factions loyal to different leaders (1:10-13; 11:18); must be rendered as a real threat to gospel unity, not stylistic disagreement.
Steward
Approved rendering: mordomo
Transliteration: oikonomos / hypēretēs
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: οἰκονόμος / ὑπηρέτης
Category: Church
4:1-2. Paul’s self-description as a steward of God’s mysteries; accountability to Christ alone must not collapse into popular factional endorsement.
Leaven
Approved rendering: fermento
Transliteration: zymē
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: ζύμη
Category: Sanctification
5:6-8. Standard Passover-rooted metaphor requiring a brief Exodus/Passover background gloss.
Marriage
Approved rendering: casamento
Transliteration: gamos
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: γάμος
Category: Marriage
7:2, 9, 39. Pastoral sensitivity given differing Catholic sacramental, Evangelical, and secular Brazilian frameworks; no syncretism collision.
Virgin
Approved rendering: virgem
Transliteration: parthenos
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Rejected alternatives: estado espiritual superior exclusivo da vida consagrada
Original: παρθένος
Category: Marriage
7:25-38. Distinguish Paul’s undivided-devotion rationale from the specifically Catholic category of consecrated virginity as a spiritually higher state.
Knowledge
Approved rendering: conhecimento
Transliteration: gnōsis
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Christian Liberty
8:1-2, 7, 10-11. Must be paired with the chapter’s insistence that knowledge without love is destructive, tying into ch.13; kept terminologically distinct from ‘conscience’ and ‘liberty.‘
Conscience
Approved rendering: consciência
Transliteration: syneidēsis
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Christian Liberty
8:7, 10, 12. Standard vocabulary; central to Christian Liberty doctrine.
Stumbling Block
Approved rendering: tropeço / escândalo
Transliteration: proskomma / skandalon
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: πρόσκομμα / σκάνδαλον
Category: Christian Liberty
8:9, 13. The stronger believer’s responsibility not to let exercised liberty cause a weaker believer’s spiritual harm.
Race And Running
Approved rendering: corrida / correr
Transliteration: agōn / trechō
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Rejected alternatives: esforço humano como fundamento da justificação
Original: ἀγών / τρέχω
Category: Discipleship
9:24-26. Disciplined ministry effort, not the ground of justification; must not be misread as implying salvation is won by effort.
Veil
Approved rendering: cobrir / velo
Transliteration: katakalyptō / kalymma
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: κατακαλύπτω / κάλυμμα
Category: Order in Worship
11:4-15. Practice varies widely across Brazilian church traditions; avoid imposing a single resolution not clearly settled by exegesis.
Baptism
Approved rendering: batismo
Transliteration: baptisma / baptizō
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Church
12:13. ‘Baptized … into one body’ by ‘one Spirit’; render literally without resolving the sacramental/believer’s/Spirit-baptism denominational debate.
The Perfect And Partial
Approved rendering: o que é perfeito / o que é parcial
Transliteration: ta teleia / ta ek merous
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: τὰ τέλεια / τὰ ἐκ μέρους
Category: Eschatology
13:9-12. Standard vocabulary; ties to the eschatological argument of chapter 15.
Edification
Approved rendering: edificação
Transliteration: oikodomē
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Order in Worship
3:10-14; 14:3-26. The central regulatory principle of chapter 14; keep vocabulary consistent across chapters 3 and 14.
Decently And In Order
Approved rendering: de modo decente e ordenado
Transliteration: euschēmonōs kai kata taxin
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: εὐσχημόνως καὶ κατὰ τάξιν
Category: Order in Worship
14:40. Central to the Order in Worship curriculum doctrine; render consistently wherever this principle recurs.
Maranatha
Approved rendering: Maranata
Transliteration: marana tha
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: tradução para o português como forma primária (ex.: ‘Vem, Senhor’)
Original: μαράνα θά
Category: Eschatology
16:22. Preserve the Aramaic transliteration untranslated per the baseline’s ‘Abba’ precedent; established Portuguese Bible tradition (Almeida) retains ‘Maranata.‘
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apóstolo
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Established, unambiguous term; used of Paul’s own status in 1 Corinthians 15:9 and throughout.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: companheirismo
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: comunhão dos santos (specific Catholic liturgical formula)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Use ONLY for the general fellowship sense of κοινωνία (1 Corinthians 1:9). See the new entry ‘communion_lords_supper’ below for the distinct, required rendering ‘comunhão’ in Lord’s Supper participation contexts (10:16-18; ch.11) — the two senses must never be interchanged.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: gentios
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: pagãos (pejorative)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Contrasted with Jews and ‘the church of God’ (10:32; 12:2).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ação de graças
Transliteration: eucharistia / eucharisteō
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Standard term (1:4, 14); no significant risk.
Self Control
Approved rendering: domínio próprio
Transliteration: egkrateia
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Discipleship
9:25. Standard vocabulary; athletic self-discipline as a ministry model.
Collection
Approved rendering: coleta / oferta
Transliteration: logeia
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: λογεία
Category: Church
16:1-2. Standard vocabulary; a practical expression of body-of-Christ unity.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: beijo santo / ósculo santo
Transliteration: philēma hagion
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: φίλημα ἅγιον
Category: Church
16:20. Standard formulaic greeting; contemporary Brazilian custom substitutes different physical forms — teach as the cultural form of commanded affection, not a required specific gesture.
Referenced passages