Core Glossary — 2 Corinthians — English → Portuguese

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, citing terms from every chapter of 2 Corinthians (1–13). It extends, and never contradicts, the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. Section A lists baseline terms reused exactly as recorded. Section B lists new terms introduced by this curriculum, each assigned a risk tier under the same Critical/High/Medium/Low framework, with grounded Brazilian cultural-religious risk rationale where applicable. Section C organizes new terms by the curriculum’s eight Bible doctrines for review-routing convenience.

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Section A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)

Term	Portuguese	Risk (baseline)	2 Corinthians chapters	Note
gospel	evangelho	High	2, 4, 9, 10, 11	Same Kardecist “O Evangelho Segundo o Espiritismo” collision applies.
grace	graça	High	1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13	Includes specific “grace of giving” sense (ch. 8); teach as same unmerited favor.
faith	fé	High	1, 4, 5, 8, 10, 13	”Walk by faith, not by sight” (5:7); “examine whether you are in the faith” (13:5).
righteousness	justiça	Critical	3, 5, 6, 9, 11	Climactic in 5:21; also 3:9 “ministry of righteousness.”
salvation	salvação	Critical	1, 6, 7	7:10 “repentance…leading to salvation without regret.”
apostle	apóstolo	Low	1, 8, 11, 12	Direct contrast term with new “false apostles” / “super-apostles” (see Section B).
holy / saints	santo / santos	Medium / Critical	1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13	1:1 corporate address; 13:12 greeting; same corporate-vs-canonized risk as baseline.
sanctification	santificação	High	7 (ἁγιωσύνη, 7:1)	Same Kardecist “gradual purification across lives” contrast; pairs closely with new term “transformados” (ch. 3, Section B).
resurrection	ressurreição	Critical	4, 5	4:14, 5:15 (ἐγείρω) — NEVER “reencarnação.”
lord	Senhor	Critical	throughout	5:11 “fear of the Lord”; 10:17 “boast in the Lord.”
son_of_god	Filho de Deus	Critical	1	1:19, “Jesus Christ, the Son of God.”
peace	paz	Medium	1, 13	Standard epistolary greeting/closing.
spiritual_gifts	dons espirituais	High	1 (χάρισμα, 1:11)	Same mediumship/incorporation collision risk as baseline.
thanksgiving	ação de graças	Low	2, 4, 9	Standard.
fellowship	companheirismo	Low	6, 8, 9	Context-sensitive: ch. 8-9 often better rendered “comunhão/participação” for financial partnership; see also new Trinitarian-benediction sense in Section B (13:13).
church	igreja	Medium	1, 8, 11, 12	Includes “churches of Macedonia” (8:1) plural sense.
law	lei	High	(background only; νόμος not prominent)	No direct occurrence load-bearing; reused if referenced in teaching notes on “letter” (ch. 3).
sin	pecado	High	5, 11	5:21 double use; 11:7 “did I commit a sin.”
glory	glória	Medium	3, 4, 8	Central to ch. 3-4 argument (glory of the new covenant; eternal weight of glory).
power_of_god	poder de Deus	Medium	4, 6, 12, 13	12:9 “my power is made perfect in weakness” — core to “Power in Weakness.”
messiah / Christ	Messias / Cristo	Critical	throughout	Continuous christological title use.
covenant	aliança	High	3	”Old covenant” / “new covenant” (3:6,14) — core to “New Covenant versus the Old.”
mission	missão	Medium	(implied throughout ministry language)	No single lexical occurrence; conceptual reuse.
israel	Israel	Low	3, 11	3:7,13 (Moses/Israel); 11:22 “Israelites.”
jesus	Jesus	Critical	throughout	Standard.
god	Deus	Critical	throughout	Standard; note Afro-Brazilian syncretism caution from baseline applies equally here.
holy_spirit	Espírito Santo	Critical	1, 3, 13	3:6 “the Spirit gives life”; 13:13(14) benediction.
father	Pai	Critical	1, 6	1:3 “Father of mercies”; 6:18 “I will be a father to you.”
exhort	exortar	Low	(context-sensitive; see new “comfort” and “appeal” senses, Section B)	Baseline sense retained only where the force is directive urging, not comfort/appeal.
imputed_righteousness	justiça imputada	Critical	5	5:19 (οὐ λογιζόμενος), 5:21 — same forensic doctrine, positive and negative statement.

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Section B — New Terms Introduced in 2 Corinthians

Term (Greek/translit.)	Portuguese rendering	Risk	Doctrine	Chapters	Alternatives rejected	Rationale (incl. Brazilian collision risk)
reconciliation (καταλλαγή)	reconciliação	Critical	Reconciliation with God	5	”harmonização cármica,” “equilíbrio cármico”	Core doctrine term; must convey a decisive, God-initiated resolution of personal enmity through Christ, not impersonal karmic rebalancing achieved through the sinner’s own corrective effort across lifetimes.
reconcile (καταλλάσσω)	reconciliar / reconciliai-vos	Critical	Reconciliation with God	5	same as above	Paired verb form; imperative in 5:20 is the passage’s climactic appeal.
new creation (καινὴ κτίσις)	nova criação	Critical	New Creation in Christ	5	”nova fase de evolução espiritual,” “novo ciclo de existência”	Highest-risk new term in the core passage; must be taught as an instantaneous, complete, non-repeating re-creation of identity in Christ, explicitly rejecting the Kardecist evolutionary-reincarnation framework.
ambassador (πρεσβεύω/πρέσβυς)	embaixador(es)	High	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	5	a rendering that reduces this to ordinary human diplomatic office	Must convey Christ-derived, Spirit-given representative authority; distinguish from Kardecist/Umbanda spirit-medium intermediary roles.
conscience (συνείδησις)	consciência	Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	5	”consciência espiritual acumulada” (Kardecist sense)	God-accountable moral faculty in this life, not accumulated cross-life moral awareness.
boast/boasting (καύχημα, καυχάομαι)	orgulho / gloriar-se	Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority; Genuine vs False Apostleship	5, 10, 11, 12	unqualified “orgulho” without contextual anchoring	Must be anchored as legitimate confidence “in the Lord,” not sinful self-exaltation; contrasted with false apostles’ superficial self-commendation.
flesh (σάρξ)	carne	High	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry; New Creation in Christ	1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12	a rendering implying the body itself is evil	Must avoid a dualistic body-is-evil / spirit-is-true-self reading resonant with reincarnation frameworks; retain Pauline sense of a merely-human/self-oriented standard of evaluation.
comfort/consolation (παράκλησις, παρακαλέω-comfort sense)	consolação / consolar	Critical	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry	1, 2, 7	comfort framed as attainable through contact with the deceased	MAJOR Brazilian collision: Kardecism’s central pastoral appeal is “consolação” via mediumistic contact with departed loved ones. Must be sharply distinguished — God alone, through Christ and the Spirit, is the source of comfort in suffering.
affliction/suffering (θλῖψις, πάθημα)	tribulação / sofrimento	Medium	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry	1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12	—	Real, historical suffering shared with Christ; standard vocabulary, low ambiguity.
guarantee/seal of the Spirit (ἀρραβών, σφραγίζω)	penhor / selo	High	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry (assurance)	1	a rendering implying a provisional or revocable pledge	Ties to baseline “Assurance of Salvation” [Critical]; must not be softened into an uncertain, reincarnation-dependent future standing.
sincerity (εἰλικρίνεια)	sinceridade	High	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	2	mere social politeness	Theological transparency before God as the standard distinguishing true from false ministry.
peddling the word (καπηλεύω)	mercadejar (a palavra de Deus)	High	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	2	a neutral rendering that loses the commercial-corruption sense	Direct relevance to prosperity-gospel commercialization and paid spiritual-consultation practices in Brazil’s religious marketplace.
fragrance/aroma of Christ (εὐωδία, ὀσμή)	aroma / perfume de Cristo	Low-Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	2	—	Sacrificial/evangelistic metaphor; low doctrinal risk.
letter and Spirit (γράμμα)	letra	High	The New Covenant versus the Old	3	a rendering implying all Scripture/law, not specifically the old covenant’s external demand	Must always be paired with “Espírito” (Espírito Santo); risk of over-generalizing to all written revelation.
veil (κάλυμμα)	velo	Medium	The New Covenant versus the Old	3	—	Literal and figurative veil over hearts; moderate risk.
transformed / glory to glory (μεταμορφόω)	transformar(-se) [de glória em glória]	High	The New Covenant versus the Old; Suffering and Comfort in Ministry (sanctification)	3	a rendering assimilable to “evolução espiritual”	Close conceptual neighbor to baseline “santificação”; reject gradual cross-life perfecting reading.
image (εἰκών)	imagem	Low	The New Covenant versus the Old	3	—	Believers transformed into Christ’s glory-image.
treasure in jars of clay (θησαυρός, ὀστράκινα σκεύη)	tesouro / vasos de barro	Medium	Power in Weakness	4	—	Gospel’s power displayed through human frailty; low ambiguity.
inner man / outer man (ἔσω/ἔξω ἄνθρωπος)	homem interior / homem exterior	High	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry; New Creation in Christ	4	a rendering implying a persisting spirit-self across many bodies	Direct collision with Kardecist “espírito”/“perispírito” doctrine of a persisting inner self reincarnating across outer bodies; teach as one believer’s ongoing renewal within one earthly life.
eternal weight of glory / momentary affliction (αἰώνιος vs. πρόσκαιρος)	eterno peso de glória / aflição momentânea	Medium	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry	4	—	Contrast of present suffering and future glory; standard.
tent / earthly dwelling (σκῆνος)	tabernáculo terreno	High	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry; New Creation in Christ (resurrection body)	5	a rendering suggesting a sequence of successive bodily “tents”	Collision with the Kardecist “perispírito” doctrine of a body-sequence across incarnations; teach as a single transition to one resurrection body.
house not made with hands	casa/edifício do céu, não feito por mãos humanas	High	New Creation in Christ	5	—	Same collision class as “tent” above.
naked / clothed (γυμνός / ἐνδύομαι)	nu / vestir(-se)	Medium	New Creation in Christ	5	—	Intermediate-state and resurrection-body imagery.
judgment seat of Christ (βῆμα)	tribunal de Cristo	Medium-High	Genuine vs False Apostleship; Suffering and Comfort in Ministry	5	a rendering implying condemnation-judgment or karmic accounting	Evaluation-for-reward, not condemnation; distinguish from cross-life karmic accounting.
temple of the living God (ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος)	templo do Deus vivo	High	Reconciliation with God; New Creation in Christ	6	conflation with terreiros/spiritist centros	Exclusive divine indwelling of God’s people, not a site for contacting other spirits.
unequally yoked (ἑτεροζυγέω)	jungido(s) desigualmente	Medium-High	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	6	a blanket prohibition on all relationships with other faiths	Calls for uncompromised covenant loyalty amid Brazil’s widespread religious syncretism, without licensing social isolation.
Belial (Βελίαρ)	Belial	Low	(background)	6	—	Proper name for Satan; transliterate.
godly grief / worldly grief (λύπη κατὰ θεόν / τοῦ κόσμου)	tristeza segundo Deus / do mundo	Medium-High	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority (repentance)	7	—	Contrasting sources and outcomes of sorrow.
repentance (μετάνοια)	arrependimento	High	Reconciliation with God	7	”reparação” (Kardecist moral-reparation framing)	Decisive, once-for-all this-life turning “leading to salvation,” not ongoing karmic correction across future lives.
grace/generosity in giving (χάρις-giving sense, ἁπλότης)	graça / generosidade (liberalidade)	High	Generosity and Grace in Giving	8, 9	motive framed primarily as guaranteed financial return	Same unmerited grace applied to giving; must resist prosperity-gospel distortion of motive.
fellowship/partnership in giving (κοινωνία — collection sense)	comunhão / participação	Medium	Generosity and Grace in Giving	8, 9	—	Context-sensitive departure from baseline default “companheirismo” for the specific financial-partnership sense.
Christ’s poverty/riches (πτωχεία / πλοῦτος)	pobreza / riqueza	Medium-High	Generosity and Grace in Giving	8	analogy to karmically-assigned life circumstances	Teach alongside “encarnação” [Critical, baseline]: the eternal Son’s voluntary, unique self-impoverishment, not a spirit’s assigned incarnation-circumstance.
equality/fair balance (ἰσότης)	igualdade (justa medida)	Low	Generosity and Grace in Giving	8	—	Equitable sharing, not enforced leveling.
sow / reap (σπείρω / θερίζω)	semear / colher	Low-Medium	Generosity and Grace in Giving	9	a mechanical prosperity-formula reading	Guard against prosperity-gospel misuse of this exact passage.
cheerful giver (ἱλαρός δότης)	dador alegre	Low	Generosity and Grace in Giving	9	—	Heart-disposition in giving.
readiness/eagerness (προθυμία)	prontidão / boa vontade	Low	Generosity and Grace in Giving	8, 9	—	Willing disposition preceding action.
weapons not of the flesh (ὅπλα)	armas	Medium-High	Power in Weakness; Genuine vs False Apostleship	10	—	Spiritual, not literal military, conflict.
strongholds (ὀχύρωμα)	fortalezas	High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	10	application targeting specific Afro-Brazilian spiritual entities/practitioners	Confine metaphor to Paul’s stated target (deceptive reasoning against the knowledge of God) to avoid fueling religious intolerance in Brazil’s pluralistic setting.
demolition/reasoning (καθαίρεσις, λογισμός)	demolição / argumentos	Medium-High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	10	—	Same cultural-sensitivity note as “strongholds.”
boast in the Lord (καυχάομαι ἐν κυρίῳ)	gloriar-se no Senhor	Medium	Genuine vs False Apostleship	10	—	Corrective to self-commendation.
false apostles (ψευδαπόστολοι)	falsos apóstolos	Critical	Genuine vs False Apostleship	11	—	Core term; requires clear doctrinal/behavioral criteria amid Brazil’s crowded competing-authority religious marketplace.
super-apostles (ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι)	apóstolos supereminentes	High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	11, 12	a flattering, non-ironic rendering	Must preserve Paul’s irony/sarcasm toward self-exalted rivals.
disguise (μετασχηματίζω)	disfarçar(-se)	High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	11	—	Satan’s and false ministers’ deceptive outward transformation.
angel of light (ἄγγελος φωτός)	anjo de luz	Critical	Genuine vs False Apostleship	11	—	Most acute collision in the book: directly confronts the mainstream Kardecist/Umbanda “espíritos de luz”/“guias de luz” category of benevolent guiding spirits; requires explicit teaching every occurrence.
craftiness/serpent (πανουργία / ὄφις)	astúcia / serpente	Medium	Genuine vs False Apostleship	11	—	Genesis deception paradigm.
revelations (ἀποκάλυψις)	revelações	High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	12	equating with psicografia or mediumistic trance-revelation	Sovereign, unrepeatable divine disclosure to an apostle, not an ongoing channel of communication with departed/discarnate spirits.
caught up (ἁρπάζω)	arrebatado	Medium	Genuine vs False Apostleship	12	—	Involuntary, God-initiated experience.
third heaven / paradise (τρίτος οὐρανός / παράδεισος)	terceiro céu / paraíso	Medium	Genuine vs False Apostleship	12	—	Location terms; not themselves the teaching focus.
thorn in the flesh (σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί)	espinho na carne	High	Power in Weakness	12	—	Persistent affliction permitted for humility.
messenger of Satan (ἄγγελος Σατανᾶ)	mensageiro de Satanás	Critical	Power in Weakness	12	resolution through mediumistic cleansing or karmic self-resolution	Direct collision with the Brazilian folk-spiritual/Umbanda/Kardecist concept of “encosto”/“obsessão espiritual”; resolved only through God’s sufficient grace, never through mediumistic intervention.
weakness (ἀσθένεια)	fraqueza	High	Power in Weakness	4, 11, 12, 13	—	Core term: “power is made perfect in weakness.”
signs and wonders (σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα)	sinais e prodígios	Medium-High	Genuine vs False Apostleship	12	generic validation of any paranormal phenomena	Authenticate a specific apostolic commission from God, not generic mediumistic/incorporation “phenomena.”
examine yourselves (δοκιμάζω)	examinar-se	Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	13	—	Self-testing for genuine faith.
disqualified (ἀδόκιμος)	reprovado	Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	13	—	Negative outcome of the test.
restoration/completeness (κατάρτισις)	restauração	High	Suffering and Comfort in Ministry (sanctification)	13	”aperfeiçoamento” (Kardecist gradual cross-life perfecting)	This-life, Spirit-wrought completing/maturing work, not multi-life moral perfecting.
love (ἀγάπη)	amor	Medium	Reconciliation with God; Generosity and Grace in Giving	5, 13	unanchored generic “amor”	Must be anchored to Christ’s self-giving, sacrificial love; distinct from romantic/generic affection.
communion of the Holy Spirit (κοινωνία — benediction sense)	comunhão do Espírito Santo	Critical	(Trinitarian benediction; underlies all doctrines)	13	default “companheirismo”	Context-sensitive departure from baseline default; follow fixed Almeida benedictory convention. Must render identically wherever this formula recurs across the curriculum.
ministry/service (διακονία)	ministério	Medium	Sincerity and Apostolic Authority; Reconciliation with God; Generosity and Grace in Giving	3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11	reduction to social service without gospel proclamation	Multiple senses (apostolic ministry, ministry of reconciliation, collection ministry) — track sense per occurrence.
transgressions (παράπτωμα)	transgressões	Medium	Reconciliation with God	5	—	Near-synonym cluster with baseline “pecado”; accounting nuance from 5:19.
world (κόσμος)	mundo	Low	Reconciliation with God	5	—	Comprehensive scope of God’s reconciling work.
reconciliation-accounting (λογίζομαι, negative sense)	não imputar / não levar em conta	High	Reconciliation with God	5	”esquecer” (forget)	Forensic/accounting sense paired with baseline “justiça imputada”; must not collapse into mere forgetting.

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Section C — New Terms Organized by Curriculum Doctrine (Review-Routing Aid)

Doctrine	New Critical terms	New High terms	New Medium/Low terms
Reconciliation with God	reconciliação, reconciliar, mensageiro de Satanás* (cf. Power in Weakness)	letra (accounting: não imputar)	transgressões, mundo, amor
New Creation in Christ	nova criação	homem interior/exterior, tabernáculo terreno, casa do céu	nu/vestir(-se)
Suffering and Comfort in Ministry	consolação/consolar	penhor/selo, homem interior/exterior, restauração, fraqueza	tribulação/sofrimento, eterno peso de glória
The New Covenant versus the Old	—	letra, transformar(-se), templo do Deus vivo	velo, imagem
Sincerity and Apostolic Authority	—	sinceridade, mercadejar, embaixador, jungido(s) desigualmente, examinar-se (Medium), revelações	aroma de Cristo, orgulho/gloriar-se, consciência
Generosity and Grace in Giving	—	generosidade/liberalidade, pobreza/riqueza	igualdade, semear/colher, dador alegre, prontidão
Power in Weakness	mensageiro de Satanás	espinho na carne, fraqueza, armas, fortalezas	tesouro/vasos de barro
Genuine versus False Apostleship	falsos apóstolos, anjo de luz	apóstolos supereminentes, disfarçar(-se), fortalezas, demolição/argumentos, revelações, sinais e prodígios, tribunal de Cristo	astúcia/serpente, arrebatado, terceiro céu/paraíso, gloriar-se no Senhor

*mensageiro de Satanás is cross-listed as it bears directly on both Power in Weakness (primary) and, pastorally, on Reconciliation with God (the believer’s security despite affliction).

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This glossary must be loaded alongside the baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json before any Phase 2 translation of 2 Corinthians content. All new Critical and High risk terms above require the same theologian-review routing established in the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json review_routing convention.

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Critical Risk Terms

Righteousness

Approved rendering: justiça
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Righteousness and Justification
Rejected alternatives: mérito conquistado por esforço moral próprio
Original: δικαιοσύνη / δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Climactic occurrence in 2 Corinthians 5:21 (‘nos tornássemos justiça de Deus’); retains the forensic sense established in Romans.

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Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: justiça imputada
Transliteration: elogisthē autō eis dikaiosynēn / genōmetha dikaiosynē theou
Doctrine: Righteousness and Justification
Rejected alternatives: justiça infundida (categoria tridentina), justiça conquistada por mérito próprio ao longo de vidas sucessivas
Original: μὴ λογιζόμενος … / γενώμεθα δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 5:19’s non-imputation of trespasses and 5:21’s exchange formula are the negative and positive statements of the same forensic doctrine.

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Salvation

Approved rendering: salvação
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: evolução espiritual através de reencarnações sucessivas
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 7:10’s ‘arrependimento…para a salvação, sem arrependimento’ must be taught as a single, decisive, this-life turning, not an installment plan of correction across future lives.

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Reconciliation

Approved rendering: reconciliação
Transliteration: katallagē
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: harmonização, equilíbrio cármico
Original: καταλλαγή
Category: Reconciliation with God

New CRITICAL term. Must convey a decisive, God-initiated act resolving personal enmity with a holy, personal God, in the same risk class as ‘salvação.’ Never ‘harmonização’ or ‘equilíbrio cármico,’ which recast the doctrine as impersonal cosmic rebalancing achieved through the sinner’s own effort across reincarnated lives.

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Reconcile

Approved rendering: reconciliar / reconciliai-vos
Transliteration: katallassō
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: reconciliar-se por esforço próprio
Original: καταλλάσσω
Category: Reconciliation with God

New CRITICAL term, paired verb form. The imperative in 2 Corinthians 5:20 (‘reconciliai-vos com Deus’) is a summons to receive an accomplished act, not an instruction to perform self-directed reconciliation.

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Substitutionary Atonement

Approved rendering: pecado (fez-se pecado por nós)
Transliteration: ton mē gnonta hamartian … hamartian epoiēsen
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: leitura ontológica de Cristo tornado moralmente corrupto, acúmulo de débito cármico ao longo de encarnações
Original: τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν … ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν
Category: Reconciliation with God

New CRITICAL term. Christ’s sinless representative death ‘made sin’ for believers (2 Corinthians 5:21) is a judicial reckoning parallel to the non-imputation of 5:19, never an ontological claim nor analogous to a spirit’s karmic debt.

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New Creation

Approved rendering: nova criação
Transliteration: kainē ktisis
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Rejected alternatives: uma nova fase de evolução espiritual, um novo ciclo de existência
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: New Creation in Christ

New CRITICAL term — the single highest-risk term in this Language Package extension. Must be taught as an instantaneous, complete, non-repeating re-creation accomplished by God at the moment of faith, explicitly rejecting the Kardecist evolutionary-reincarnation framework.

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False Apostles

Approved rendering: falsos apóstolos
Transliteration: pseudapostoloi
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ψευδαπόστολοι
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New CRITICAL term. Requires clear, non-negotiable doctrinal and behavioral criteria distinguishing genuine from false apostolic claims amid Brazil’s crowded religious marketplace (neo-Pentecostal apostolic titles, Kardecist mediums, Afro-Brazilian spiritual leaders).

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Angel Of Light

Approved rendering: anjo de luz
Transliteration: angelos phōtos
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ἄγγελος φωτός
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New CRITICAL term — the single most acute Brazilian collision risk in this book. Kardecist Spiritism and Umbanda both use ‘espíritos de luz’/‘guias de luz’ as a mainstream, positively-valued category of benevolent guiding spirits. Requires explicit theological teaching in every occurrence; never soften.

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Comfort

Approved rendering: consolação / consolar
Transliteration: paraklēsis / parakaleō
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: consolo obtido por contato mediúnico com os falecidos
Original: παράκλησις / παρακαλέω
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New CRITICAL term. MAJOR Brazilian collision: Kardecist Spiritism’s central pastoral appeal is precisely ‘consolação’ via mediumistic contact with deceased loved ones. Must be taught as comfort located exclusively in a personal, sovereign God through Christ and the Spirit (1:3-7; 7:6-7).

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Messenger Of Satan

Approved rendering: mensageiro de Satanás
Transliteration: angelos Satana
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Rejected alternatives: resolução por limpeza mediúnica ou resolução cármica própria
Original: ἄγγελος Σατανᾶ
Category: Power in Weakness

New CRITICAL term. Direct collision with the mainstream Brazilian folk-spiritual/Kardecist/Umbanda concept of ‘encosto’/‘obsessão espiritual,’ normally addressed through mediumistic cleansing. Resolved only through God’s sufficient grace (12:7-10), never through mediumistic intervention or ritual detached from Christ’s authority.

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Resurrection

Approved rendering: ressuscitar / ressurreição
Transliteration: egeirō / anastasis
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: reencarnação
Original: ἐγείρω / ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ‘reencarnação.’ 2 Corinthians 5:15 grounds the believer’s new life-orientation in the risen Christ, not the believer’s own repeated embodiment; 4:14 grounds future bodily resurrection in the same power.

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Lord

Approved rendering: Senhor
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. ‘O temor do Senhor’ (5:11) grounds apostolic sincerity; legitimate boasting is ‘no Senhor’ (10:17).

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Jesus

Approved rendering: Jesus
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package.

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Christ Messiah

Approved rendering: Cristo / Messias
Transliteration: Christos / Mashiach
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: um espírito superior ou mais evoluído (leitura espírita de Jesus)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package ‘messiah’ entry, extended: ‘Cristo’ is the dominant title used throughout 2 Corinthians (e.g., 5:14 ‘o amor de Cristo,’ 5:20 ‘embaixadores de Cristo’). Same Kardecist ‘most evolved spirit’ Christology collision applies to every occurrence.

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Son Of God

Approved rendering: Filho de Deus
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 1:19, ‘Jesus Cristo, o Filho de Deus.‘

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God

Approved rendering: Deus
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Same Afro-Brazilian syncretism caution (orixás syncretized with Catholic saints) applies.

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Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Espírito Santo
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification and Transformation
Rejected alternatives: espíritos guias ou mentores espirituais, orixás e guias (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / πνεῦμα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 3:6 (‘o Espírito vivifica’) and the guarantee/seal of 1:22 extend the same doctrine.

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Communion Of Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: comunhão do Espírito Santo
Transliteration: koinōnia tou hagiou Pneumatos
Doctrine: Trinitarian Benediction
Rejected alternatives: companheirismo (default geral)
Original: κοινωνία (τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος)
Category: God

New CRITICAL term. Context-sensitive departure from the baseline’s general-purpose ‘companheirismo.’ Fixed liturgical formula (13:14) following the established Almeida benedictory convention; must be rendered identically wherever this benediction recurs across the curriculum.

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Saints

Approved rendering: santos
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: santos venerados e invocados como intercessores
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Corporate greeting (1:1) and the collection ‘para os santos’ (8:4; 9:1) and closing greeting (13:12) all require the explanatory note that every believer is called santo.

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High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: evangelho
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: mensagem de evolução moral (Kardecist ethical-progress framing)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Same Kardecist ‘O Evangelho Segundo o Espiritismo’ collision applies; 2 Corinthians 4:3-4’s veiling language must not be recast as spiritual blindness correctable through further incarnations.

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Grace

Approved rendering: graça
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: mérito espiritual acumulado ao longo de vidas sucessivas
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Extended in 2 Corinthians 8-9 to Spirit-worked generosity in giving; must resist reframing as a merit-generating or prosperity-guaranteeing transaction.

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Faith

Approved rendering: fé
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: convicção espírita, fé genérica em forças espirituais
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 5:7 (‘andamos por fé, não pela vista’) and 13:5 (‘examinai-vos, se estais na fé’) extend the same personal-trust sense.

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Non Imputation

Approved rendering: não imputar / não levar em conta
Transliteration: logizomai (negative: mē logizomenos)
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: esquecer
Original: λογίζομαι (negative: μὴ λογιζόμενος)
Category: Salvation

New term. God’s forensic act of not counting believers’ trespasses against them (5:19), the negative counterpart to imputed righteousness. Never ‘esquecer,’ which loses the judicial-accounting sense.

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In Christ

Approved rendering: em Cristo
Transliteration: en Christō
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: ἐν Χριστῷ
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. Identity grounded in union with the risen Christ (2 Corinthians 5:17), not inherited religious identity by birth nor a spirit’s cumulative standing across past lives.

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Super Apostles

Approved rendering: apóstolos supereminentes
Transliteration: hyperlian apostoloi
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: rendering não-irônico e elogioso
Original: ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Must render ironically per context; a flattering, non-ironic rendering would obscure Paul’s sarcasm toward self-exalted rivals (11:5; 12:11).

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Disguise

Approved rendering: disfarçar(-se)
Transliteration: metaschēmatizō
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: μετασχηματίζω
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Satan ‘disguises himself as an angel of light,’ and so do his servants as apostles of righteousness (11:13-15).

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Revelations

Approved rendering: revelações
Transliteration: apokalypsis
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: equiparação com psicografia
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Must be explicitly distinguished from psicografia (Kardecist mediumistic transcription) and Umbanda/Candomblé trance-revelation; apostolic revelation is sovereign, unrepeatable divine disclosure, not an ongoing channel to departed spirits.

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Signs And Wonders

Approved rendering: sinais e prodígios
Transliteration: sēmeia kai terata
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: validação genérica de fenômenos paranormais
Original: σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Authenticating marks of a specific, God-given apostolic commission (12:12); must not generically validate any claimed spiritual power, including mediumistic ‘phenomena’ reported in Kardecist and Umbanda practice.

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Spiritual Warfare

Approved rendering: armas / fortalezas / demolição / argumentos
Transliteration: hopla / ochyrōma / kathairesis / logismos
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Rejected alternatives: aplicação direcionada a entidades espirituais afro-brasileiras específicas
Original: ὅπλα / ὀχύρωμα / καθαίρεσις / λογισμός
Category: Power in Weakness

New term. Direct relevance to Brazilian neo-Pentecostal ‘guerra espiritual’ vocabulary, frequently applied to orixás/exus and their practitioners. Confine the metaphor strictly to Paul’s stated target: deceptive reasoning against the knowledge of God (10:3-5).

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Sincerity

Approved rendering: sinceridade
Transliteration: eilikrineia
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: mera cortesia social
Original: εἰλικρίνεια
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Theological transparency before God as the standard distinguishing true from false ministry (2:17); core to the contrast with false apostles.

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Peddling The Word

Approved rendering: mercadejar (a palavra de Deus)
Transliteration: kapēleuō
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: rendering neutro que perde o sentido de corrupção comercial
Original: καπηλεύω
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Direct relevance to Brazilian ‘teologia da prosperidade’ commercialization of ministry and paid mediumship/spiritual consultation practices (2:17).

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Unequally Yoked

Approved rendering: jungido(s) desigualmente
Transliteration: heterozygeō
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: não se misturem (proibição genérica de todo relacionamento)
Original: ἑτεροζυγέω
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Calls for uncompromised covenant loyalty (6:14); must be taught carefully given Brazil’s widespread religious syncretism without licensing a blanket condemnation of all social relationships with people of other faiths.

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Temple Of Living God

Approved rendering: templo do Deus vivo
Transliteration: naos theou zōntos
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Must always appear as the full phrase, never bare ‘templo,’ to avoid conflation with Kardecist ‘centros/templos espíritas’ and Afro-Brazilian ‘terreiros’ (6:16).

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Flesh

Approved rendering: carne
Transliteration: sarx
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Rejected alternatives: leitura dualista em que a carne é intrinsecamente má
Original: σάρξ
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. Risk of a dualistic ‘flesh is evil, spirit is the true self’ reading resonant with Kardecist/Umbanda frameworks in which the body is a temporary vehicle for an evolving spirit; teach as Paul’s rejection of a merely-human evaluative standard, not embodiment itself (4:11; 5:16).

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Guarantee Seal Of Spirit

Approved rendering: penhor / selo
Transliteration: arrabōn / sphragizō
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation
Rejected alternatives: penhor provisório ou revogável
Original: ἀρραβών / σφραγίζω
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New term. Ties to ‘Assurance of Salvation’ [Critical]; must not be softened into a provisional pledge, in contrast to Kardecism’s view that a spirit’s future standing remains unresolved across further reincarnated effort (1:22).

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Inner Outer Man

Approved rendering: homem interior / homem exterior
Transliteration: esō anthrōpos / exō anthrōpos
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: ἔσω ἄνθρωπος / ἔξω ἄνθρωπος
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New term. Direct collision with the Kardecist ‘espírito’/‘perispírito’ persisting-self doctrine; teach as the Spirit’s ongoing renewal of one believer within one earthly life, awaiting one bodily resurrection (4:16).

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Tent Earthly Dwelling

Approved rendering: tabernáculo terreno
Transliteration: skēnos
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Rejected alternatives: sequência de ‘tendas’ corporais sucessivas
Original: σκῆνος
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. Significant collision with the Kardecist ‘perispírito’ doctrine of a body-sequence across incarnations; teach as a single transition from this mortal body directly to the one resurrection body (5:1).

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House Not Made With Hands

Approved rendering: casa/edifício do céu, não feito por mãos humanas
Transliteration: oikia / oikēma ex ouranou
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: οἰκία / οἴκημα ἐξ οὐρανοῦ
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. Same collision class as tent_earthly_dwelling; the one, final resurrection body, not another link in a chain of successive incarnated bodies (5:1-2).

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Judgment Seat Of Christ

Approved rendering: tribunal de Cristo
Transliteration: bēma
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation
Rejected alternatives: leitura de condenação ou contabilidade cármica
Original: βῆμα
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Evaluation for reward within an already-secured salvation, not condemnation-judgment, and distinguished from any notion of karmic accounting across lifetimes (5:10).

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Ambassador

Approved rendering: embaixador(es)
Transliteration: presbeuō
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: ofício diplomático humano ordinário, papel de intermediário mediúnico
Original: πρεσβεύω
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Christ-derived, Spirit-given representative authority, distinct from any human-appointed religious office and from the mediumistic ‘intermediary’ role Kardecist and Umbanda traditions assign to spirit guides and mediums (5:20).

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Letter And Spirit

Approved rendering: letra
Transliteration: gramma
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: crítica geral a toda a Escritura/lei
Original: γράμμα
Category: The New Covenant versus the Old

New term. Must always be paired with ‘Espírito’; risk of being read as a general critique of all written Scripture rather than specifically the old covenant’s external, unaided demand (3:6).

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Transformed Glory To Glory

Approved rendering: transformar(-se) [de glória em glória]
Transliteration: metamorphoō
Doctrine: Sanctification and Transformation
Rejected alternatives: evolução espiritual gradual ao longo de vidas sucessivas
Original: μεταμορφόω
Category: The New Covenant versus the Old

New term. Close conceptual neighbor to baseline ‘santificação’; reject a Kardecist gradual cross-life perfecting reading, and convey Spirit-wrought transformation within a single earthly life, grounded in union with the risen Christ (3:18).

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Restoration Completeness

Approved rendering: restauração
Transliteration: katartisis / katartizō
Doctrine: Sanctification and Transformation
Rejected alternatives: aperfeiçoamento (termo técnico espírita para o aperfeiçoamento espiritual através de vidas sucessivas)
Original: κατάρτισις / καταρτίζω
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New term. Deliberately rejects the more literal cognate ‘aperfeiçoamento’ because it collides directly with the fixed Kardecist doctrine of gradual moral perfecting across reincarnated lives (13:9,11).

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Sanctification

Approved rendering: santificação
Transliteration: hagiasmos / hagiōsynē
Doctrine: Sanctification and Transformation
Rejected alternatives: purificação cármica ao longo de reencarnações (leitura espírita)
Original: ἁγιωσύνη
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Extended in 2 Corinthians 7:1 (‘aperfeiçoando a santidade’); pairs closely with ‘transformar-se de glória em glória’ (ch.3) and ‘restauração’ (ch.13).

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Godly Grief Repentance

Approved rendering: tristeza segundo Deus / arrependimento
Transliteration: lypē kata theon / metanoia
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: reparação (moral reparation distribuída ao longo de vidas sucessivas), remorso como processo contínuo
Original: λύπη κατὰ θεόν / μετάνοια
Category: Reconciliation with God

New term. ‘Godly grief’ produces a decisive, once-for-all this-life turning ‘leading to salvation without regret’ (7:9-10), sharply distinguished from Kardecism’s ‘reparação’/ongoing correction across future lives.

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Generosity Grace In Giving

Approved rendering: graça / generosidade (liberalidade)
Transliteration: charis (giving sense) / haplotēs
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: motivação de retorno financeiro garantido
Original: χάρις (giving sense) / ἁπλότης
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. Same unmerited grace already established, applied to financial generosity (8:1-9); must resist ‘teologia da prosperidade’ distortion of motive.

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Christs Poverty Riches

Approved rendering: pobreza / riqueza
Transliteration: ptōcheia / ploutos
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: analogia com circunstâncias cármicas atribuídas a uma encarnação
Original: πτωχεία / πλοῦτος
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. Christ’s voluntary self-impoverishment for others’ enrichment (8:9); teach alongside baseline ‘encarnação’ [Critical] as the eternal Son’s unique, voluntary self-impoverishment, not a spirit’s karmically assigned incarnation-circumstance.

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Weakness

Approved rendering: fraqueza
Transliteration: astheneia
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Rejected alternatives: deficiência a ser superada por autoaperfeiçoamento ou domínio espiritual adquirido
Original: ἀσθένεια
Category: Power in Weakness

New term. The paradoxical setting for divine power, not a deficiency remedied by self-improvement or accumulated spiritual attainment across lives (12:9-10).

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Thorn In The Flesh

Approved rendering: espinho na carne
Transliteration: skolops tē sarki
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί
Category: Power in Weakness

New term. Paul’s persistent, painful affliction, permitted to keep him humble (12:7); resolved through sufficient grace, not spiritual technique or ritual.

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Sin

Approved rendering: pecado
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: erro a ser corrigido em vidas futuras (leitura espírita)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 5:21’s paradoxical double use (‘fez-se pecado por nós’) additionally requires the substitutionary-atonement teaching note.

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Covenant

Approved rendering: aliança
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: contrato legal
Original: διαθήκη
Category: The New Covenant versus the Old

Inherited from Romans package. ‘Antiga aliança’/‘nova aliança’ contrast (3:6,14) foundational to this doctrine.

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Father

Approved rendering: Pai
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. ‘O Pai das misericórdias’ (1:3); ‘eu vos serei Pai’ (6:18).

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Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: dons espirituais
Transliteration: charisma
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: mediunidade (dom mediúnico espírita), dons de incorporação (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Corinthians 1:11, the ‘dom’ Paul hopes will come to the Corinthians through prayer.

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Law

Approved rendering: lei
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old

Inherited from Romans package. Background to the letter/Spirit contrast (ch.3); relevant to teaching ‘letra’ correctly.

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Medium Risk Terms

Old Things Passed Away

Approved rendering: as coisas antigas passaram
Transliteration: ta archaia parēlthen
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: τὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. The definitive, non-reversible end of the believer’s old identity in Adam/sin (5:17); must not be read as one developmental stage within an ongoing cycle.

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Craftiness Serpent

Approved rendering: astúcia / serpente
Transliteration: panourgia / ophis
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: πανουργία / ὄφις
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Eve’s deception by the serpent’s cunning, the paradigm for the Corinthians’ vulnerability to deceptive teaching (11:3).

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Caught Up

Approved rendering: arrebatado
Transliteration: harpazō
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ἁρπάζω
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Involuntary, God-initiated experience (12:2,4); moderate risk if read as a voluntarily induced trance state.

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Third Heaven Paradise

Approved rendering: terceiro céu / paraíso
Transliteration: tritos ouranos / paradeisos
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: τρίτος οὐρανός / παράδεισος
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term. Location of Paul’s vision (12:2,4); not itself the teaching focus.

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Boast In Lord

Approved rendering: gloriar-se no Senhor
Transliteration: kauchaomai en kyriō
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: καυχάομαι ἐν κυρίῳ
Category: Genuine versus False Apostleship

New term, cross-referenced with 5:12. The corrective to the false apostles’ self-commendation (10:17-18).

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Boasting

Approved rendering: orgulho / gloriar-se
Transliteration: kauchēma / kauchaomai
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: orgulho sem qualificação contextual
Original: καύχημα / καυχάομαι
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Must be anchored as legitimate confidence ‘in the Lord,’ not sinful self-exaltation (5:12); ammunition for the Corinthians against superficial rival boasting.

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Fragrance Of Christ

Approved rendering: aroma / perfume de Cristo
Transliteration: euōdia / osmē
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: εὐωδία / ὀσμή
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Believers as the sacrificial ‘aroma of Christ,’ a fragrance of life to some, of death to others (2:14-16).

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Conscience

Approved rendering: consciência
Transliteration: syneidēsis
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: consciência espiritual acumulada (leitura espírita)
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. God-accountable moral faculty active in this life, not a Kardecist ‘consciência espiritual’ accumulated across incarnations (5:11).

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Examine Yourselves

Approved rendering: examinar-se
Transliteration: dokimazō
Doctrine: Self-Examination and Discipline
Original: δοκιμάζω
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Self-testing for genuine faith, not introspective mood-checking (13:5).

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Disqualified

Approved rendering: reprovado
Transliteration: adokimos
Doctrine: Self-Examination and Discipline
Original: ἀδόκιμος
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. The negative outcome of self-examination if genuine faith is absent (13:5-7).

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Appeal Of God

Approved rendering: rogar / suplicar
Transliteration: parakaleō (appeal sense) / deomai
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: exortar (default baseline directive sense)
Original: παρακαλέω (appeal sense) / δέομαι
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term, context-sensitive departure from baseline ‘exortar.’ God’s own heartfelt appeal made through the apostle: ‘reconciliai-vos com Deus’ (5:20). Do not default to ‘exortar’ in this verse.

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Affliction Suffering

Approved rendering: tribulação / sofrimento
Transliteration: thlipsis / pathēma
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: θλῖψις / πάθημα
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New term. Real, historical suffering shared with ‘the sufferings of Christ’ (1:5,8).

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Eternal Weight Of Glory

Approved rendering: eterno peso de glória / aflição momentânea (passageira)
Transliteration: aiōnios / proskairos
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: αἰώνιος / πρόσκαιρος
Category: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry

New term. The contrast between ‘light and momentary affliction’ and the ‘eternal weight of glory’ it produces (4:17).

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Treasure Jars Of Clay

Approved rendering: tesouro / vasos de barro
Transliteration: thēsauros / ostrakina skeuē
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: θησαυρός / ὀστράκινα σκεύη
Category: Power in Weakness

New term. The gospel’s power displayed through the apostles’ human frailty (4:7).

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Naked Clothed

Approved rendering: nu / vestir(-se)
Transliteration: gymnos / endyomai
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: γυμνός / ἐνδύομαι
Category: New Creation in Christ

New term. Intermediate-state and resurrection-body imagery (5:2-4); moderate risk if read as endorsing repeated bodily re-clothing across lives.

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Veil

Approved rendering: velo
Transliteration: kalymma
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: κάλυμμα
Category: The New Covenant versus the Old

New term. The literal veil over Moses’ face and the figurative veil over hearts, removed ‘in Christ’ (3:13-16). Gloss with ‘véu’ on first occurrence for readability.

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Fellowship Partnership Giving

Approved rendering: comunhão / participação
Transliteration: koinōnia (collection sense)
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: κοινωνία (collection sense)
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

Context-sensitive departure from the baseline default ‘companheirismo,’ for the specific sense of shared financial partnership in ministry (8:4).

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Sow Reap

Approved rendering: semear / colher
Transliteration: speirō / therizō
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: fórmula mecânica de prosperidade garantida
Original: σπείρω / θερίζω
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. Must not be taught as a guaranteed prosperity formula, a live risk given the Brazilian ‘teologia da prosperidade’ movement’s frequent use of this exact passage (9:6).

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Power Of God

Approved rendering: poder de Deus
Transliteration: dynamis theou / dynamis
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: δύναμις
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. In 12:9, specifically Christ’s power ‘made perfect in weakness,’ not human strength or achieved spiritual mastery.

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Ministry Service

Approved rendering: ministério
Transliteration: diakonia
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: serviço social divorciado da proclamação do evangelho
Original: διακονία
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. Context-sensitive across the book: apostolic ministry of the word (3:6), ‘ministério da reconciliação’ (5:18), the collection ministry (8:4; 9:1); track sense per occurrence.

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Transgressions

Approved rendering: transgressões
Transliteration: paraptōma
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Reconciliation with God

New term. Near-synonym cluster with baseline ‘pecado’; the specific offenses God does not hold against the reconciled (5:19).

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Glory

Approved rendering: glória
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Central to 2 Corinthians 3-4’s argument for the surpassing, permanent glory of the new covenant, and to the believer’s future ‘eterno peso de glória’ (4:17).

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Fear Of The Lord

Approved rendering: temor do Senhor
Transliteration: phobos tou kyriou
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: mero respeito social

New term. Reverent accountability before the Lord’s coming judgment, motivating Paul’s sincerity (5:11); must not be softened to mere social respect.

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Love

Approved rendering: amor
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: amor genérico ou romântico sem ancoragem cristológica
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Reconciliation with God

New term. Must be anchored to Christ’s self-giving, sacrificial love that ‘constrange’/compels Paul’s ministry (5:14), distinct from generic or romantic affection; also the second element of the Trinitarian benediction (13:14).

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Christs Love Compels

Approved rendering: o amor de Cristo nos constrange
Transliteration: hē agapē tou Christou synechei hēmas
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God

New term. Christ’s love as the controlling, compelling motive of apostolic ministry (5:14), grounding the ‘one died for all’ logic that follows.

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Holy

Approved rendering: santo
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification and Transformation
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package.

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Church

Approved rendering: igreja
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Extended to the plural ‘igrejas da Macedônia’ (8:1) sense.

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Mission

Approved rendering: missão
Transliteration: apostolē / pempō
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations

Inherited from Romans package. No single lexical occurrence in 2 Corinthians; conceptual reuse throughout ministry language.

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Peace

Approved rendering: paz
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God

Inherited from Romans package. Standard epistolary greeting (1:2) and closing exhortation (13:11).

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Ecstasy Sober Mindedness

Approved rendering: estar fora de si / ser sóbrio
Transliteration: existēmi / sōphroneō
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: endosso de fenômenos de transe mediúnico ou incorporação

New term. Paul’s intense spiritual experiences belong to God alone (5:13); care needed so this is not read as endorsing ecstatic trance/incorporation phenomena valued in Afro-Brazilian and Spiritist practice.

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Low Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: apóstolo
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Its contrast terms in 2 Corinthians (‘falsos apóstolos,’ ‘apóstolos supereminentes’) carry Critical/High risk; teach together.

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Belial

Approved rendering: Belial
Transliteration: Beliar
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: Βελίαρ
Category: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority

New term. A name for Satan, paired with idols (6:15); transliterate as a proper name.

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Image

Approved rendering: imagem
Transliteration: eikōn
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: εἰκών
Category: The New Covenant versus the Old

New term. Believers transformed into Christ’s glory-image (3:18).

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Equality Fair Balance

Approved rendering: igualdade (justa medida)
Transliteration: isotēs
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἰσότης
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. The goal of the collection: equitable sharing, not enforced leveling (8:13-14).

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Cheerful Giver

Approved rendering: dador alegre
Transliteration: hilaros
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἱλαρός
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. The glad, willing heart-disposition God desires in giving (9:7).

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Readiness Eagerness

Approved rendering: prontidão / boa vontade
Transliteration: prothymia
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: προθυμία
Category: Generosity and Grace in Giving

New term. Willing eagerness preceding and accompanying generous giving (8:11-12; 9:2).

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World

Approved rendering: mundo
Transliteration: kosmos
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: κόσμος
Category: Reconciliation with God

New term. The comprehensive scope of God’s reconciling work — humanity collectively (5:19).

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Fellowship

Approved rendering: companheirismo
Transliteration: koinōnia (general sense)
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία (general sense)
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package for general, non-collection, non-benedictory uses. See fellowship_partnership_giving and communion_of_holy_spirit for context-sensitive departures.

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Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: ação de graças
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package.

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Israel

Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: Israēl / Israēlitai
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ / Ἰσραηλῖται
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Moses/Israel veiled-reading discussion (3:7,13) and Paul’s own Israelite descent (11:22).

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Exhort

Approved rendering: exortar
Transliteration: parakaleō (directive sense)
Doctrine: Mutual Edification

Inherited from Romans package. Retained only where the force is directive urging; see appeal_of_god and comfort for the distinct senses this same Greek root takes in 2 Corinthians.