Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Daniel
Legend
- Status: REUSE — term and rendering carried over from the baseline Romans translation_memory.json exactly, no deviation permitted.
- Status: NEW — term newly proposed for the Daniel curriculum; rendering and risk tier proposed here for Phase 1 approval before Phase 2 use.
- Risk tiers follow baseline conventions: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) / High (human theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review) / Low (automated review).
A. God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | Deus | אֱלָהּ / θεός | REUSE | Critical | 1-14 (all) | Baseline note on Candomblé/Umbanda orixá-syncretism applies throughout Daniel’s polemic against Babylonian idols. |
| 2 | Most High | Altíssimo | עִלָּיָא / ὕψιστος | NEW | High | 3, 4, 5, 7 | Must denote a personal sovereign God, not an impersonal “Inteligência Suprema” (Kardecist framing). |
| 3 | Ancient of Days | Ancião de Dias | עַתִּיק יוֹמִין / παλαιὸς ἡμερῶν | NEW | High | 7 | Risk of conflation with venerated elderly “espíritos guias” (Umbanda Pretos Velhos) or highly-evolved Kardecist “espíritos superiores.” Requires translator note on first use. |
| 4 | dominion | domínio | שָׁלְטָן | NEW | Medium | 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 | Must render identically whether describing revocable earthly dominion or the Son of Man’s eternal dominion, to preserve Daniel’s deliberate contrast. |
| 5 | kingdom (of God/of men) | reino | מַלְכוּ / βασιλεία | REUSE (extended) | Medium | 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 | [BASELINE REUSE: kingdom_of_god → reino de Deus]. Daniel-specific nuance: contrasts four successive earthly kingdoms with God’s one everlasting kingdom; retain “reino” consistently across all four-kingdom-schema passages. |
| 6 | the court was seated / judgment | o tribunal se assentou / o juízo | דִּינָא יְתִב | NEW | Medium | 7 | Preserve personal, willed judicial action by God; avoid drift toward impersonal “lei de causa e efeito” (cf. baseline “providence” caution). |
| 7 | beast (world-empire symbol) | besta | חֵיוְתָא / θηρίον | NEW | Medium | 7 | Ground in the specific four-kingdoms schema; avoid vague pop-apocalyptic or occult “energia” associations. |
| 8 | weighed in the balances | pesado na balança | תְּקִיל בְּמוֹאזַנְיָא | NEW | Low | 5 | Concrete judicial-evaluation image. |
B. The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Son of Man | filho do homem | כְּבַר אֱנָשׁ / ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου | NEW | Critical | 7 (core); cf. 10 | Theological anchor of the curriculum. Distinct from baseline “Filho de Deus” (Critical). Lowercase, indefinite, comparative in Daniel 7:13 itself; requires a forward-looking note connecting to the Gospels’ capitalized title without collapsing the two into one undifferentiated rendering. |
| 10 | dominion, glory, and a kingdom | domínio, glória e um reino | שָׁלְטָן וִיקָר וּמַלְכוּ | NEW | Critical | 7 | Messianic enthronement formula; “glória” is [BASELINE REUSE: glory → glória]. |
| 11 | everlasting dominion / kingdom that shall not be destroyed | domínio eterno… reino que jamais será destruído | שָׁלְטָנֵהּ שָׁלְטָן עָלַם… דִּי-לָא תִתְחַבַּל | NEW | Critical | 2, 7 | Sharpest OT contrast to Kardecism’s provisional, cyclical, ever-evolving framework; must not be hedged. |
| 12 | Messiah / Anointed One | Messias | מָשִׁיחַ / χριστός | REUSE | Critical | 9 | [BASELINE REUSE: messiah → Messias, exact]. Forbidden substitution (“o espírito mais evoluído”) applies identically here. |
| 13 | Lord | Senhor | (contextual, cf. κύριος in Gk. text of chs. 13-14) | REUSE | Critical | 13 | [BASELINE REUSE: lord → Senhor]. |
| 14 | a man clothed in linen (theophanic figure) | um homem vestido de linho | אִישׁ לְבֻשׁ בַּדִּים | NEW | Medium-High | 10 | Flag for teaching distinction from the settled Ch. 7 “Son of Man” identity; do not casually conflate the two figures. |
| 15 | one like a son of the gods/God | semelhante a um filho dos deuses | בַּר-אֱלָהִין | NEW | Critical | 3 | Nebuchadnezzar’s pagan/polytheistic idiom; must NOT be lexically equated with baseline “Filho de Deus.” Requires explicit translator note distinguishing pagan description from monotheistic confession. |
C. Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | mystery | mistério | רָז / μυστήριον | NEW | High | 2 | Parallels baseline’s psicografia-collision risk for “inspiration_of_scripture”; God alone unilaterally discloses, no mediumistic channeling. |
| 17 | vision | visão | חָזוֹן | NEW | High | 8, 10, 11 | [Related to BASELINE REUSE: prophet → profeta, distinguishing from médium]. Risk of conflation with clairvoyant/trance “visão espiritual.” |
| 18 | dream | sonho | חֵלֶם | NEW | High | 2, 4, 7 | Same collision risk as “vision”; anchor to unique, sovereignly-interpreted divine revelation. |
| 19 | interpretation | interpretação | פְּשַׁר | NEW | Medium | 2 | Distinguish from divinatory/astrological arts explicitly rejected in the text (2:27). |
| 20 | the time of the end | o tempo do fim | עֵת קֵץ | NEW | Medium | 8, 11, 12 | Fixed technical apocalyptic phrase; keep distinct from generic colloquial “fim dos tempos.” |
| 21 | abomination that makes desolate | abominação desoladora | שִׁקּוּץ מְשֹׁמֵם | NEW | Medium | 9, 11, 12 | Preserve as fixed technical phrase consistent with its NT quotation (Matthew 24:15), per baseline’s cross-document consistency rule. |
| 22 | little horn | pequeno chifre | קֶרֶן זְעֵירָה | NEW | Low-Medium | 7, 8 | Preserve as apocalyptic symbol; avoid premature specific identification within the translation itself. |
| 23 | time, times, and half a time | um tempo, tempos e meio tempo | עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּן | NEW | Medium | 7, 12 | Preserve the exact idiomatic count consistently (echoed at Revelation 12:14). |
| 24 | seventy weeks | setenta semanas | שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעִים | NEW | Medium | 9 | Technical apocalyptic chronological unit; retain literal “semanas” (weeks/sevens), not a pre-resolved interpretive gloss. |
| 25 | sealed | selado | סָתֻם / חָתוּם | NEW | Medium | 8, 12 | Reinforces that God alone controls timing of disclosure — implicit rebuttal of ongoing mediumistic “revelation” claims. |
| 26 | books were opened | livros foram abertos | סִפְרִין פְּתִיחוּ | NEW | Low | 7 | Standard, consistent with Revelation’s parallel imagery. |
| 27 | resurrection (“shall awake”) | ressurreição | יָקִיצוּ | REUSE | Critical | 12 | [BASELINE REUSE: resurrection → ressurreição]. NEVER “reencarnação.” Daniel 12:2 is a foundational OT resurrection text. |
| 28 | everlasting life / everlasting contempt | vida eterna / vergonha e desprezo eterno | חַיֵּי עוֹלָם / חֶרְפָּה וְדִרְאוֹן עוֹלָם | NEW | Critical | 12 | Sharpest possible confrontation with Kardecism’s doctrine of unending, open-ended opportunity for spiritual progress across future lives. |
D. Faithfulness under Persecution
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 | defile (oneself) | contaminar-se | יִתְגָּאַל | NEW | Medium | 1 | Frame as covenant loyalty/holy distinctiveness, not mere dietary legalism; [Related to BASELINE REUSE: holy → santo]. |
| 30 | golden image / idol | imagem de ouro / ídolo | צֶלֶם דַּהֲבָא / εἴδωλον | NEW | High | 3, 14 | Care needed given Brazil’s devotional-image culture; target is worship of a lifeless object as divine, not devotional imagery generally. |
| 31 | bow down / worship (idolatrously) | prostrar-se / adorar | סְגִד | NEW | Medium | 3 | Context must mark this as forbidden idol-worship specifically. |
| 32 | fiery furnace | forno ardente / fornalha | נוּר יָקִדְתָּא | NEW | Low | 3 | Concrete image. |
| 33 | den of lions | cova dos leões | גֹּב אַרְיָוָתָא / λέων | NEW | Low | 6, 14 | Concrete image; ch. 14 reuses the ch. 6 motif with no new theological content. |
| 34 | faithfulness | fidelidade | (thematic; underlies segid-refusal, tzelotha-persistence) | NEW | High | 1, 3, 6, 13, 14 | Parallels baseline’s grace/salvation Kardecist-merit collision: faithfulness is covenant loyalty flowing from trust in the one true God, never merit accumulated toward spiritual “evolução” across lifetimes. |
| 35 | dragon / serpent (Babylonian cult object) | dragão / serpente | δράκων | NEW | Medium | 14 | Distinguish this concrete, historical, killable animal from Revelation’s symbolic apocalyptic “dragão”; same word, different referent — flag to prevent conflation. |
E. Prayer and Perseverance in Exile
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 | prayer | oração | צְלוֹתָא / προσευχή | NEW | High | 6, 9, 13 | [Related to BASELINE REUSE: intercession → intercessão, High]. Direct address to God alone; distinguish from mediumistic consultation of spirit guides/orixás and from a Catholic-piety default of praying primarily through saints. |
| 37 | fasting | jejum | צוֹם | NEW | Low | 9, 10 | Standard, low ambiguity. |
| 38 | forgive / pardon | perdoar | סְלַח | NEW | Medium | 9 | Echoes baseline grace framework: granted, not earned; opposed to guilt worked off across reincarnations. |
| 39 | the Lord who reveals hidden things | o Senhor que revela as coisas ocultas | κύριος ὁ ἀποκαλύπτων τὰ κρύφια | NEW | Medium | 13 | Judicial-setting echo of the ch. 2 “mystery” theme. |
| 40 | living God | Deus vivo | אֱלָהָא חַיָּא / θεὸς ζῶν | NEW | High | 6, 14 | Exclusive-monotheism affirmation against any devotional practice treating multiple spiritual entities as comparably “living.” |
F. Wisdom and Discernment from God
| # | Term (EN) | Portuguese | Original | Status | Risk | Chapter(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | wisdom | sabedoria | חָכְמָה / σοφία | NEW | High | 1, 2, 13 | Must be distinguished from Kardecist “sabedoria espiritual” attained through moral evolution across successive reincarnations. |
| 42 | understanding / knowledge | entendimento / conhecimento | בִּינָה / מַדָּע | NEW | Medium | 1 | Standard, low ambiguity when tied to divine gift. |
| 43 | discernment | discernimento | φρόνησις (Gk., ch.13); cf. peshar (ch.2) | NEW | High | 2, 13 | Risk of conflation with popular Spiritist/esoteric “desenvolvimento do discernimento espiritual” via mediumship; anchor to God-given insight for a single, decisive lifetime. |
| 44 | the wise (the discerning ones) | os sábios / entendidos | מַשְׂכִּילִים | NEW | High | 12 | Ties end-times faithfulness to God-given (not karmically-evolved) insight; connected to teaching others. |
| 45 | righteous / innocent | justo / inocente | δίκαιος | NEW | High | 13 | [Related to BASELINE REUSE: righteousness → justiça, Critical]. Judicial-innocence usage; flag to prevent collapse with Pauline imputed-righteousness doctrine. |
| 46 | prince (angelic) | príncipe | שַׂר | NEW | Medium-High | 8, 10 | Disambiguate from human royal “príncipe” elsewhere; angelic power under God’s ultimate authority. |
| 47 | Michael | Miguel | מִיכָאֵל | NEW | High | 10, 12 | Widely venerated in Brazilian folk Catholicism (São Miguel) and syncretized in some Umbanda practice; must be taught as a created, subordinate angelic servant, never an independent object of prayer/veneration. |
| 48 | Prince of the host | príncipe do exército | שַׂר-הַצָּבָא | NEW | Medium-High | 8 | Heavenly military authority under God’s command; distinct from human titles. |
| 49 | seed of David / covenant background | (n/a in Daniel directly; covenant reused) | — | — | — | — | Not a distinct Daniel term; see “covenant” below for the relevant baseline reuse. |
| 50 | covenant | aliança | בְּרִית / διαθήκη | REUSE | High | 9 | [BASELINE REUSE: covenant → aliança, exact]. |
| 51 | God of heaven | Deus dos céus | אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא | NEW | Medium | 2 | Reinforces exclusive monotheism against Babylonian polytheism. |
| 52 | image / statue | imagem / estátua | צֶלֶם | NEW | Low | 2 | Concrete image, low ambiguity. |
| 53 | stone (not cut by human hands) | pedra | אֶבֶן | NEW | High | 2 | ”Not cut by human hands” qualifier must be preserved — signals wholly divine origin of God’s kingdom. |
| 54 | seven times/periods | sete tempos/estações | עִדָּנִין שִׁבְעָה | NEW | Low-Medium | 4 | Avoid over-literalizing to an exact calendar count. |
| 55 | Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin | Mene, Mene, Tequel, Ufarsin (transliterated) | מְנֵא מְנֵא תְּקֵל וּפַרְסִין | NEW | Medium | 5 | Retain as transliterated technical formula, per standard Bible-translation convention; follow with Daniel’s own interpretation in running Portuguese. |
| 56 | peoples, nations, and languages | povos, nações e línguas | עַמְמַיָּא אֻמַּיָּא וְלִשָּׁנַיָּא | NEW | Medium | 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 | Fixed triadic formula; retain consistently across all occurrences (echoed at Revelation 7:9). |
| 57 | the Lord gave (sovereignty formula) | o Senhor entregou / concedeu | נָתַן | NEW | Medium | 1 | Preserve God as explicit grammatical agent; avoid impersonal passive constructions. |
| 58 | clouds of heaven | nuvens do céu | עֲנָנֵי שְׁמַיָּא | NEW | High | 7 | Theophanic (not merely meteorological) imagery; must not be flattened to ordinary weather language. |
| 59 | saints of the Most High | santos do Altíssimo | קַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֹנִין | REUSE (extended) | Critical | 7 | [BASELINE REUSE: saints → santos, Critical]. Every occurrence requires the same explanatory note as Romans 1:7: designates all of God’s covenant people, not a canonized/venerated elite. |
| 60 | king of the north / king of the south | rei do norte / rei do sul | מֶלֶךְ הַצָּפוֹן / מֶלֶךְ הַנֶּגֶב | NEW | Low | 11 | Historically-referential royal titles; introduces no new doctrinal vocabulary. |
Risk Summary
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 8 | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | 17 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 24 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 11 | Automated review |
| Total glossary entries | 60 |
Chapter Coverage Confirmation
All fourteen chapters of the Portuguese Catholic Bible-tradition numbering (1–12 protocanonical Hebrew/Aramaic; 13–14 deuterocanonical Greek) are represented by at least one glossary entry above: Ch.1 (#29, 41, 42, 57); Ch.2 (#16, 18, 19, 20 n/a see 8, 51, 52, 53); Ch.3 (#15, 30, 31, 32, 56); Ch.4 (#2, 4, 54, 56); Ch.5 (#8, 55, 56); Ch.6 (#33, 36, 37 n/a see prayer, 40, 56); Ch.7 (core) (#3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 22, 23, 58, 59); Ch.8 (#17, 20, 21 (recurring), 22, 46, 48); Ch.9 (#12, 20 (recurring), 21, 24, 38, 50); Ch.10 (#17 (recurring), 14, 37, 46, 47); Ch.11 (#60, plus recurring #21, #20 — reviewed explicitly, no new terms); Ch.12 (#20 (recurring), 21 (recurring), 23 (recurring), 25, 27, 28, 44, 47 (recurring)); Ch.13 (#13, 39, 41 (recurring), 43, 45); Ch.14 (#30 (recurring), 33 (recurring), 35, 40 (recurring)).
End of 08 — Core Glossary: Daniel.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Deus
Transliteration: elah / elohim / theos
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism against Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: orixá sincretizado com um santo católico, espírito superior kardecista
Original: אֱלָהּ / אֱלֹהִים / θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: god → Deus, exact]. Daniel’s repeated contests against Babylonian idols (chs. 3, 5, 14) sharpen the baseline’s Candomblé/Umbanda syncretism caution with concrete narrative force.
Lord
Approved rendering: Senhor
Transliteration: kyrios / mare / adon
Doctrine: Lordship / Divine Authority
Rejected alternatives: Senhor apenas devocional entre vários protetores espirituais
Original: κύριος (Theodotion-Greek text, chs. 13-14; contextual for Aramaic מָרֵא/אֲדוֹן elsewhere)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: lord → Senhor, exact]. Applies in the Greek-tradition chapters (13-14) and contextually elsewhere in Daniel.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messias
Transliteration: mashiach / christos
Doctrine: Messianic Promise in Daniel
Rejected alternatives: o espírito mais evoluído (leitura kardecista de Jesus)
Original: מָשִׁיחַ / χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: messiah → Messias, exact]. Daniel 9:25-26 is one of the OT’s most explicit predictions of the coming, dying Anointed One, fulfilled in Jesus.
Saints Of The Most High
Approved rendering: santos do Altíssimo
Transliteration: qaddishei elyonin
Doctrine: Sainthood: The Corporate People of God
Rejected alternatives: santos venerados e invocados como intercessores
Original: קַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֹנִין
Category: Eschatology
Extends baseline [BASELINE REUSE: saints → santos, Critical]. Every occurrence (Daniel 7:18, 22, 25, 27) requires the same explanatory note as Romans 1:7: designates all of God’s covenant people as corporate heirs of the Son of Man’s kingdom, not a canonized intercessory elite.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ressurreição
Transliteration: yaqitsu
Doctrine: Resurrection and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: reencarnação
Original: יָקִיצוּ
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: resurrection → ressurreição, exact]. NEVER ‘reencarnação.’ Daniel 12:2 is a foundational OT resurrection text describing a single, final awakening.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: um semelhante a um filho do homem
Transliteration: kevar enash / hōs huios anthrōpou
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Rejected alternatives: o Filho do Homem (capitalized fixed Gospel title, premature at this stage of revelation), Filho de Deus (baseline’s distinct Critical term for Christ’s eternal Sonship), um ser humano genérico (flattens the exalted messianic trajectory)
Original: כְּבַר אֱנָשׁ / ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
Theological anchor of the whole curriculum (Daniel 7:13). Requires an indefinite, lowercase, comparative rendering at this point in redemptive history, plus a translator note on every occurrence connecting forward to the Gospels’ capitalized title without merging the two categories.
Dominion Glory And Kingdom
Approved rendering: domínio, glória e um reino
Transliteration: sholtan v-yiqar u-malku
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Rejected alternatives: uma honra simbólica ou cerimonial
Original: שָׁלְטָן וִיקָר וּמַלְכוּ
Category: Christology
Daniel 7:14. The Father’s formal, threefold grant of universal, everlasting kingship to the Son of Man — the messianic enthronement scene underlying NT Lordship Christology. ‘Glória’ reuses the baseline rendering exactly. Must not be diluted into a merely honorary bestowal.
Everlasting Dominion
Approved rendering: domínio eterno… reino que jamais será destruído
Transliteration: sholtaneh sholtan alam di-la ye’deh u-malkhuteh di-la tit-chabal
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Rejected alternatives: um reino muito duradouro (hedged, non-absolute rendering)
Original: שָׁלְטָנֵהּ שָׁלְטָן עָלַם דִּי-לָא יֶעְדֵּה וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּי-לָא תִתְחַבַּל
Category: Christology
Daniel 7:14, cf. 2:44. Functions as the OT counterpart to the baseline’s Critical ‘assurance_of_salvation.’ Kardecism has no category for a fixed, unending, unshakeable kingdom achieved once for all; absolute finality must never be hedged.
Son Of The Gods
Approved rendering: semelhante a um filho dos deuses
Transliteration: bar-elahin
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Rejected alternatives: Filho de Deus (baseline’s Critical Christological term — must NOT be used here), parece filho de Deus (some editions’ rendering, rejected for lexical-bridge risk)
Original: בַּר-אֱלָהִין
Category: Christology
Daniel 3:25, Nebuchadnezzar’s own pagan, polytheistic description of the fourth figure in the furnace. Must be sharply distinguished from the baseline’s ‘Filho de Deus.’ Any homiletical identification with Christ must be flagged in teaching materials as typological interpretation, never lexical equivalence.
Everlasting Life And Contempt
Approved rendering: vida eterna / vergonha e desprezo eterno
Transliteration: chayyei olam / cherpah v-diraon olam
Doctrine: Resurrection and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: um estado provisório sujeito a novas oportunidades em vidas futuras
Original: חַיֵּי עוֹלָם / חֶרְפָּה וְדִרְאוֹן עוֹלָם
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 12:2. Two mutually exclusive, permanent, final destinies fixed at the resurrection. Directly and sharply confronts Kardecism’s core soteriological claim that no spirit’s condition is ever final; softening the finality of either destiny would silently import a Spiritist framework.
High Risk Terms
Most High
Approved rendering: Altíssimo
Transliteration: illaya / elyon / hypsistos
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Rejected alternatives: Inteligência Suprema / Causa Primária de todas as coisas (Kardecist impersonal framing), Ser Supremo (generic deist abstraction)
Original: עִלָּיָא / עֶלְיוֹן / ὕψιστος
Category: Sovereignty
Nebuchadnezzar’s climactic confession (Daniel 4:17, 25, 32, 34-35) that ‘the Most High rules the kingdom of men.’ Must denote a personal sovereign Deity, never an impersonal cosmic principle.
Ancient Of Days
Approved rendering: Ancião de Dias
Transliteration: attiq yomin / palaios hēmerōn
Doctrine: Deity and Eternality of the Ancient of Days
Rejected alternatives: um espírito guia idoso e sábio (Umbanda Pretos Velhos), um espírito superior kardecista de grande experiência
Original: עַתִּיק יוֹמִין / παλαιὸς ἡμερῶν
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 7:9, 13, 22. Distinctively Brazilian risk: Umbanda’s venerated Pretos Velhos and Kardecism’s highly-evolved elderly ‘espíritos superiores.’ Requires a translator note on first occurrence (Daniel 7:9) clarifying this is the one eternal, uncreated God enthroned in judgment, since 7:9 opens the core passage and frames the whole chapter.
Man Clothed In Linen
Approved rendering: um homem vestido de linho
Transliteration: ish levush baddim
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Spiritual Conflict
Original: אִישׁ לְבֻשׁ בַּדִּים
Category: Christology
Daniel 10:5-6. Flag for teaching that this figure’s identity (angel vs. possible Christophany) is distinct from the settled ‘Son of Man’ identity in Daniel 7; the two glorious figures must not be casually conflated.
Glory
Approved rendering: glória
Transliteration: yiqar / doxa
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Original: יְקָר / δόξα
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: glory → glória, exact]. Reused within the Daniel 7:14 enthronement formula and elsewhere describing divine radiance.
Mystery
Approved rendering: mistério
Transliteration: raz / mystērion
Doctrine: Divine Revelation and the Disclosure of Mysteries
Rejected alternatives: revelações espirituais mediúnicas (psicografia), mistérios iniciáticos esotéricos/maçônicos
Original: רָז / μυστήριον
Category: Revelation
Daniel 2:18-19, 27-30, 47. Direct parallel to the baseline’s inspiration-of-scripture risk. Must be anchored to the one true God’s unilateral disclosure through his chosen prophet, never mediumistic channeling.
Vision
Approved rendering: visão
Transliteration: chazon
Doctrine: Divine Revelation and the Disclosure of Mysteries
Rejected alternatives: visão espiritual em transe mediúnico, visão de incorporação (Candomblé/Umbanda)
Original: חָזוֹן
Category: Revelation
Daniel 8, 10, 11. Every occurrence must retain an explicit divine agent and named human recipient in the sentence itself, not merely in surrounding commentary.
Dream
Approved rendering: sonho
Transliteration: chelem
Doctrine: Divine Revelation and the Disclosure of Mysteries
Rejected alternatives: sonho como mensagem espontânea de espíritos desencarnados
Original: חֵלֶם
Category: Revelation
Daniel 2, 4, 7. Brazilian Spiritist/Umbanda culture treats dreams as routine channels for spirit/orixá communication; must be taught as this specific, sovereignly-given, uniquely-interpreted revelation.
Stone Not Cut By Hands
Approved rendering: pedra
Transliteration: even
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Rejected alternatives: um progresso político ou moral alcançado por esforço humano
Original: אֶבֶן
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 2:34-35, 44-45. The ‘not cut by human hands’ qualifier must be preserved; it signals the kingdom’s wholly divine origin and should not be softened into a human-achieved narrative.
Golden Image Idol
Approved rendering: imagem de ouro / ídolo
Transliteration: tzelem dahava / eidōlon
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism against Idolatry
Original: צֶלֶם דַּהֲבָא / εἴδωλον
Category: Persecution
Daniel 3, 14. Given Brazil’s devotional-image culture (Catholic santos, Afro-Brazilian sacred objects), must clearly frame this as pagan-state-coerced idol worship condemned by God, not commentary on devotional images generally.
Faithfulness
Approved rendering: fidelidade
Transliteration: n/a (thematic; underlies segid-refusal and tzelotha-persistence)
Doctrine: Faithfulness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: mérito moral acumulado ao longo de vidas sucessivas
Original: (thematic; underlies segid-refusal and tzelotha-persistence throughout the book)
Category: Persecution
Daniel 1, 3, 6, 13, 14. Covenant loyalty flowing from trust in the one true God, never merit accumulated toward spiritual ‘evolução’ across successive reincarnations.
Prayer
Approved rendering: oração
Transliteration: tzelotha / proseuchē
Doctrine: Prayer and Perseverance in Exile
Rejected alternatives: consulta mediúnica a espíritos guias ou orixás, oração dirigida primariamente a santos ou a Maria como intercessores
Original: צְלוֹתָא / προσευχή
Category: Prayer
Daniel 6, 9, 13. Every occurrence must retain God as the sole explicit grammatical addressee (‘orou… ao Senhor seu Deus’). Direct, unmediated address to the one true, living God.
Living God
Approved rendering: Deus vivo
Transliteration: elaha chayya / theos zōn
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism against Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: um espírito ‘vivo’ ou orixá ativo entre outros seres venerados
Original: אֱלָהָא חַיָּא / θεὸς ζῶν
Category: Prayer
Daniel 6:20, 26; sharpened at Daniel 14 (Bel). Must affirm one exclusively living God, not a ‘living’ spirit or orixá among many venerated entities.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: sabedoria
Transliteration: chokmah / sophia
Doctrine: Wisdom and Discernment from God
Rejected alternatives: sabedoria espiritual atingida por evolução moral ao longo de reencarnações
Original: חָכְמָה / σοφία
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 1:17, 20; 13. Direct gift of the one true God, given within and exercised for the sake of a single decisive lifetime, not accumulated karmic merit.
Discernment
Approved rendering: discernimento
Transliteration: peshar (ch.2) / phronēsis (Gk., ch.13)
Doctrine: Wisdom and Discernment from God
Rejected alternatives: desenvolvimento do discernimento espiritual por mediunidade
Original: פְּשַׁר (ch. 2) / φρόνησις (Gk., ch. 13)
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 2, 13. Anchor to God-given insight exercised within a single, decisive lifetime, not multi-life self-cultivation.
The Wise
Approved rendering: os sábios / entendidos
Transliteration: maskilim
Doctrine: Wisdom and Discernment from God
Rejected alternatives: espíritos esclarecidos (Kardecist status attained through cycles of moral evolution)
Original: מַשְׂכִּילִים
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 12:3, 10. Ties end-times faithfulness to God-given insight tied explicitly to teaching others, not to karmically-evolved status.
Righteous Innocent
Approved rendering: justo / inocente
Transliteration: dikaios
Doctrine: Divine Vindication of the Innocent
Original: δίκαιος
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 13 (Susanna). Related to but distinct from the baseline’s Critical ‘righteousness’/‘justiça’; a judicial-innocence usage rather than the soteriological imputed-righteousness sense of Romans. Flag to prevent collapse of the two.
Prince Angelic
Approved rendering: príncipe
Transliteration: sar
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Spiritual Conflict
Original: שַׂר
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 8:11; 10:13, 20. Must be clearly disambiguated from human royal ‘príncipes’ used elsewhere in Daniel; denotes angelic beings under God’s ultimate authority, not a parallel spiritual power structure to be negotiated with.
Michael
Approved rendering: Miguel
Transliteration: Mikael
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Spiritual Conflict
Rejected alternatives: Miguel como protetor invocável independentemente (devoção popular a São Miguel)
Original: מִיכָאֵל
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 10:13, 21; 12:1. São Miguel is widely venerated in Brazilian folk Catholicism and syncretized with protective entities in some Umbanda practice. Must be taught as a created, subordinate angelic servant of God, never an independent object of prayer, petition, or veneration.
Prince Of The Host
Approved rendering: príncipe do exército
Transliteration: sar ha-tzava
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Spiritual Conflict
Original: שַׂר-הַצָּבָא
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 8:11, 25. Heavenly military authority under God’s command, distinguished from human ‘príncipes’ elsewhere in Daniel.
Covenant
Approved rendering: aliança
Transliteration: berith / diathēkē
Doctrine: Covenant, Confession, and Forgiveness
Original: בְּרִית / διαθήκη
Category: Wisdom
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: covenant → aliança, exact]. Daniel’s prayer of confession (9:4-11) appeals to God’s covenant mercy, not accumulated personal merit.
Medium Risk Terms
Dominion
Approved rendering: domínio
Transliteration: sholtan
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Rejected alternatives: poder (varying the noun across the beast/Son-of-Man contrast would blur Daniel’s deliberate parallel)
Original: שָׁלְטָן
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 2, 4, 5, 6, 7. Must render identically whether describing the revocable dominion of earthly beasts/kings or the eternal dominion of the Son of Man (7:14).
Kingdom
Approved rendering: reino
Transliteration: malku / basileia
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Original: מַלְכוּ / βασιλεία
Category: Sovereignty
Related to but distinct from the baseline’s ‘reino de Deus.’ Retain ‘reino’ consistently across all four-kingdoms-schema passages (chs. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7) so the contrast with God’s everlasting kingdom stays visible.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: reino de Deus
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission (Daniel’s four-kingdoms schema)
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: kingdom_of_god → reino de Deus, exact]. Distinguish from the book’s generic ‘reino’ used of the four successive earthly empires.
Court Of Judgment
Approved rendering: o tribunal se assentou / o juízo
Transliteration: dina yetiv
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Rejected alternatives: uma balança cósmica impessoal (leitura próxima da ‘lei de causa e efeito’ kardecista)
Original: דִּינָא יְתִב
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 7:10, 22, 26. Render as a personal, willed judicial act; avoid impersonal cosmic-balancing constructions echoing the baseline’s ‘providence’ caution.
Beast
Approved rendering: besta
Transliteration: cheyvta / thērion
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Rejected alternatives: força negativa / energia densa (occult pop-apocalyptic framing)
Original: חֵיוְתָא / θηρίον
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 7. Must be grounded explicitly in the specific four-kingdoms schema, consistent with Revelation’s later usage.
God Of Heaven
Approved rendering: Deus dos céus
Transliteration: elah shemayin
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism against Idolatry
Original: אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 2. Reinforces exclusive monotheism against Babylonian polytheism; should reinforce, not compete with, ‘Deus.‘
Lord Gave
Approved rendering: o Senhor entregou / concedeu
Transliteration: natan
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Rejected alternatives: aconteceu que… (impersonal passive construction)
Original: נָתַן
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 1:2, 1:9, 1:17. Preserve God as explicit grammatical subject/agent; avoid passivizing into an impersonal construction.
Interpretation
Approved rendering: interpretação
Transliteration: peshar
Doctrine: Divine Revelation and the Disclosure of Mysteries
Rejected alternatives: leitura astrológica ou adivinhatória de sonhos
Original: פְּשַׁר
Category: Revelation
Daniel 2:19, 30. Distinguish from divinatory arts explicitly rejected by the text itself in 2:27.
Time Of The End
Approved rendering: o tempo do fim
Transliteration: et qets
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Rejected alternatives: o fim dos tempos (generic colloquial usage)
Original: עֵת קֵץ
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 8:17; 11:35, 40; 12:4, 9. Fixed technical phrase, kept distinct from generic colloquial Brazilian usage.
Abomination Of Desolation
Approved rendering: abominação desoladora
Transliteration: shiqquts meshomem
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Original: שִׁקּוּץ מְשֹׁמֵם
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 9:27; 11:31; 12:11. Fixed technical phrase, consistent across Daniel and its NT quotation (Matthew 24:15), per baseline’s cross-document consistency rule.
Little Horn
Approved rendering: pequeno chifre
Transliteration: qeren ze’irah
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Original: קֶרֶן זְעֵירָה
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 7:8, 20-25; 8:9-12. Preserve as apocalyptic symbolic imagery; avoid premature identification with a specific modern figure within the translation itself.
Time Times Half Time
Approved rendering: um tempo, tempos e meio tempo
Transliteration: iddan v-iddanin u-phelag iddan
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Rejected alternatives: conversão prematura em anos calendáricos
Original: עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּן
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 7:25; cf. 12:7, Revelation 12:14. Preserve the exact idiomatic count; do not convert into calendar years within the translation itself.
Seventy Weeks
Approved rendering: setenta semanas
Transliteration: shavuim shivim
Doctrine: Messianic Promise in Daniel
Rejected alternatives: setenta anos (pre-resolved interpretive gloss)
Original: שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעִים
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 9:24-27. Retain the literal ‘semanas’ (weeks/sevens) rather than a pre-resolved interpretive gloss.
Sealed
Approved rendering: selado
Transliteration: satum / chatum
Doctrine: Apocalyptic Prophecy and the End Times
Rejected alternatives: revelado continuamente por meios mediúnicos
Original: סָתֻם / חָתוּם
Category: Revelation
Daniel 8:26; 12:4, 9. Reinforces that God alone controls the timing of prophetic disclosure — an implicit rebuttal of ongoing mediumistic ‘revelation’ claims.
Mene Mene Tekel
Approved rendering: Mene, Mene, Tequel, Ufarsin
Transliteration: mene mene teqel u-pharsin
Doctrine: The Humbling of Earthly Rulers
Rejected alternatives: paráfrase da fórmula em vez de transliteração
Original: מְנֵא מְנֵא תְּקֵל וּפַרְסִין
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 5:25-28. Retain as a transliterated technical formula, followed by Daniel’s own interpretation in running Portuguese text; do not paraphrase the formula itself.
Peoples Nations Languages
Approved rendering: povos, nações e línguas
Transliteration: ammemaya ummaya v-lishanaya
Doctrine: The Son of Man and Messianic Kingship
Original: עַמְמַיָּא אֻמַּיָּא וְלִשָּׁנַיָּא
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 3:4, 7; 4:1; 5:19; 6:25; 7:14. Fixed triadic formula; retain consistently across all occurrences, echoed later at Revelation 7:9.
Defile
Approved rendering: contaminar-se
Transliteration: yitga’al
Doctrine: Dietary Distinctiveness and Holiness in Exile
Rejected alternatives: mera restrição alimentar de saúde ou higiene
Original: יִתְגָּאַל
Category: Persecution
Daniel 1:8. Frame as covenant loyalty and holy distinctiveness, not mere dietary legalism.
Bow Down Worship
Approved rendering: prostrar-se / adorar
Transliteration: segid
Doctrine: Faithfulness under Persecution
Original: סְגִד
Category: Persecution
Daniel 3:5-6, 10-12. Context must make clear this specific refusal concerns forbidden idol-worship, not general bowing or reverence.
Dragon Serpent
Approved rendering: dragão / serpente
Transliteration: drakōn
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism against Idolatry
Original: δράκων
Category: Persecution
Daniel 14. Flag so learners do not automatically identify this concrete, historical, killable animal with the symbolic apocalyptic ‘dragão’ of Revelation 12 — same word, different referent.
Forgive Pardon
Approved rendering: perdoar
Transliteration: selach
Doctrine: Covenant, Confession, and Forgiveness
Rejected alternatives: culpa gradualmente resolvida ao longo de vidas sucessivas (leitura kardecista)
Original: סְלַח
Category: Prayer
Daniel 9:19. Echoes the baseline grace framework: forgiveness is granted, not earned, standing opposed to a Kardecist model of guilt worked off across lifetimes.
Lord Reveals Hidden Things
Approved rendering: o Senhor que revela as coisas ocultas
Transliteration: kyrios ho apokalyptōn ta kryphia
Doctrine: Divine Vindication of the Innocent
Original: κύριος ὁ ἀποκαλύπτων τὰ κρύφια
Category: Prayer
Daniel 13 (Susanna). Echoes the ‘mystery’ theme of Daniel 2 in a judicial rather than apocalyptic setting.
Understanding Knowledge
Approved rendering: entendimento / conhecimento
Transliteration: binah / madda
Doctrine: Wisdom and Discernment from God
Original: בִּינָה / מַדָּע
Category: Wisdom
Daniel 1:17, 20. Standard, low ambiguity when tied contextually to divine gift.
Holy
Approved rendering: santo
Transliteration: n/a (contextual; cf. baseline hagios)
Doctrine: Dietary Distinctiveness and Holiness in Exile
Rejected alternatives: puro em sentido ritual
Inherited from Romans package [BASELINE REUSE: holy → santo]. Related to Daniel 1:8’s ‘defile’ motif — covenant loyalty and holy distinctiveness applying to every believer, not a ritual-purity elite.
Low Risk Terms
Weighed In The Balances
Approved rendering: pesado na balança
Transliteration: teqil be-mozanya
Doctrine: The Humbling of Earthly Rulers
Original: תְּקִיל בְּמוֹאזַנְיָא
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 5:27. Concrete judicial-evaluation image; low ambiguity.
King Of North South
Approved rendering: rei do norte / rei do sul
Transliteration: melekh ha-tsafon / melekh ha-negev
Doctrine: The Historical-Apocalyptic Kings of the North and South
Original: מֶלֶךְ הַצָּפוֹן / מֶלֶךְ הַנֶּגֶב
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 11. Historically-referential royal titles; introduces no new doctrinal vocabulary beyond terms already catalogued elsewhere.
Books Opened
Approved rendering: livros foram abertos
Transliteration: sifrin peticchu
Doctrine: Resurrection and Final Judgment
Original: סִפְרִין פְּתִיחוּ
Category: Eschatology
Daniel 7:10. Standard, consistent with Revelation’s parallel imagery.
Image Statue
Approved rendering: imagem / estátua
Transliteration: tzelem
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty over Kings and Kingdoms
Original: צֶלֶם
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 2:31-35. Concrete image, low ambiguity.
Seven Times
Approved rendering: sete tempos / estações
Transliteration: iddanin shiv’ah
Doctrine: The Humbling of Earthly Rulers
Rejected alternatives: exatamente sete anos calendáricos
Original: עִדָּנִין שִׁבְעָה
Category: Sovereignty
Daniel 4:16, 23, 25, 32. Avoid over-literalizing to an exact calendar count.
Fiery Furnace
Approved rendering: forno ardente / fornalha
Transliteration: nur yaqidta
Doctrine: Faithfulness under Persecution
Original: נוּר יָקִדְתָּא
Category: Persecution
Daniel 3. Concrete image, low ambiguity.
Den Of Lions
Approved rendering: cova dos leões
Transliteration: gov aryavata
Doctrine: Faithfulness under Persecution
Original: גֹּב אַרְיָוָתָא
Category: Persecution
Daniel 6, reused at Daniel 14. Concrete image; ch. 14’s episode introduces no new theological content beyond ch. 6.
Fasting
Approved rendering: jejum
Transliteration: tzom
Doctrine: Fasting and Bodily Discipline in Prayer
Original: צוֹם
Category: Prayer
Daniel 9:3; 10:2-3. Standard, low ambiguity.
Referenced passages