Doctrine Analysis
11 Doctrine Analysis — 1 John (English → Filipino)
Purpose
This document extends the baseline Romans Language Package’s doctrine-analysis method to the full text of 1 John, chapter by chapter, verse-anchored. It is fully consistent with doctrine_risk_registry.json (same 25 doctrines, same risk tiers, same review routing) and provides the chapter-level and section-level granularity that registry requires for Phase 2 routing. Romans 4:7-21 (the core passage on love) anchors the curriculum theologically but is not the boundary of analysis: every chapter of 1 John (1–5) is covered below in full.
Risk tiers and review routing follow the baseline definitions exactly:
- Critical → Human theologian review, every occurrence
- High → Human theologian review
- Medium → Native speaker review
- Low → Automated review
Doctrine Risk Summary (Book-Wide)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 10 | Human theologian (every occurrence) |
| High | 6 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 7 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 2 | Automated review |
| Total | 25 | — |
This matches doctrine_risk_registry.json risk_summary exactly (10 Critical, 6 High, 7 Medium, 2 Low; 16 requiring theologian review, 7 requiring native-speaker review, 2 automated-only).
Chapter-by-Chapter Doctrine Matrix
Chapter 1 — 1 John 1:1-10 (Prologue: Fellowship, Light, Confession)
| Doctrine | Supporting Passage(s) | Risk | Translation Risk Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Incarnation | 1:1-2 (“Word of Life,” heard/seen/touched) | Critical | Apostolic eyewitness contact with the eternal Son made visible/tangible in true flesh; guard against Santo Niño image-localization. | Human theologian |
| Eternal Life | 1:2 | High | Present possession “manifested” through the Son; not merely future reward. | Human theologian |
| Fellowship with God | 1:3, 1:6-7 | Medium | Pagsasamahan sa Diyos is broken by walking in darkness/sin and restored by confession — not a static once-secured status. | Native speaker |
| Fellowship with One Another | 1:3, 1:7 | Medium | Warmly understood in Filipino church culture; must not reduce to mere social camaraderie apart from shared participation in Christ. | Native speaker |
| God is Light | 1:5 | High | Essential-nature statement about holy, sin-excluding purity; risk of sentimentalizing into vague positivity. | Human theologian |
| Forgiveness of Sin | 1:7, 1:9 | Critical | Cleansing by Christ’s blood; God’s direct gracious response to confession/faith, not exclusively priestly-mediated. | Human theologian |
| Confession of Sin | 1:9 | Critical | Direct personal confession to God — must never be rendered kumpisal (sacramental Confession booth practice). | Human theologian |
| Sanctification / Purification | 1:9 (cleanse from unrighteousness) | Medium | Established, low-syncretism vocabulary; consistent with baseline Sanctification entry. | Native speaker |
Chapter 1 coverage note: All verses reviewed. No doctrine or key term appears in 1:1-10 outside the eight entries above.
Chapter 2 — 1 John 2:1-29 (Advocate, Obedience, Antichrist, Anointing, New Birth)
| Doctrine | Supporting Passage(s) | Risk | Translation Risk Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Advocate / Intercession of Christ | 2:1 | Critical | Tagapagtanggol — Christ’s advocacy before the Father is unique and sufficient, intersecting directly with pamamagitan ng mga santo devotional practice. | Human theologian |
| Propitiation / Atonement | 2:2 | Critical | Haing pantubos — completed, once-for-all sacrifice; guard against Mass-theology “re-presentation” framing. | Human theologian |
| Obedience and Commandment-Keeping | 2:3-6 | Medium | Utos (Christ’s specific ethical mandate) must stay distinct from baseline kautusan (Mosaic Law as a system). | Native speaker |
| Love for the Brethren | 2:9-11 | High | Hating a brother = walking in darkness; direct antithesis with no neutral middle ground. | Human theologian |
| Overcoming the World | 2:13-14, 2:15-17 | Medium | Kosmos’s negative moral sense (2:15-17) must be marked distinct from daigdig’s neutral physical sense. | Native speaker |
| Forgiveness of Sin | 2:12 | Critical | ”Your sins are forgiven” reaffirms 1:9’s direct-to-God pattern. | Human theologian |
| Antichrist and False Teaching | 2:18-23 | High | Anticristo risks fixation on a single future end-times figure, missing John’s present-tense warning against active false teachers. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | 2:22-23 | High | Confessing/denying “the Son” — devotional dilution risk (Mary/saints) rather than outright denial in the Filipino Catholic context. | Human theologian |
| Anointing of the Spirit | 2:20, 2:27 | Critical | Pahid/pagpapahid given to every believer directly by the Spirit — distinguish from clergy-administered sacramental chrism (Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick). | Human theologian |
| Fellowship with God (abide) | 2:24, 2:27-28 | Medium | ”Manatili” as the letter’s central relational-communion verb; render consistently. | Native speaker |
| New Birth / Regeneration | 2:29 | Critical | ”Doeth righteousness is born of him” — guard against binyag (infant-baptism) sacramentalism absorbing this claim. | Human theologian |
Chapter 2 coverage note: All verses reviewed. 2:7-8 (the “old/new commandment”) is subsumed under Obedience and Commandment-Keeping and Overcoming the World; no independent new doctrine arises there.
Chapter 3 — 1 John 3:1-24 (Children of God, Love in Deed, Confidence)
| Doctrine | Supporting Passage(s) | Risk | Translation Risk Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Birth / Regeneration | 3:1-2, 3:9-10 | Critical | ”Children of God” (mga anak ng Diyos) kept visually distinct from “Anak ng Diyos” (Christ, singular, baseline term). | Human theologian |
| Assurance of Salvation | 3:1-2, 3:19-21 | High | Confidence before God grounded in truth/deed, not sacramental frequency. | Human theologian |
| Sanctification / Purification | 3:3 | Medium | Purification motivated by hope of Christ’s appearing; low syncretism risk. | Native speaker |
| Obedience and Commandment-Keeping | 3:4, 3:22-24 | Medium | Lawlessness (paglabag sa kautusan) as rebellion against God’s rule, distinct from narrow ceremonial-code sense. | Native speaker |
| New Birth / Regeneration (righteousness) | 3:7 | Critical | Righteous conduct as evidence flowing from new birth, not its ground. | Human theologian |
| Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 3:8, 3:10-18 | High | Devil vs. God’s children contrast; risk that the love-obligation collapses into utang na loob rather than a family likeness flowing from new birth. | Human theologian |
| Love for the Brethren (lay down life) | 3:16 | High | Christ’s self-sacrifice as the explicit pattern; keep the cross-connection explicit. | Human theologian |
| Confidence in Prayer | 3:21-22 | Medium | Confident access grounded in obedience and Christ’s finished work, not ritual-performance correctness. | Native speaker |
| Fellowship with God (Spirit indwelling) | 3:24 | Medium | Assurance marker; consistent with baseline Fellowship entry. | Native speaker |
Chapter 3 coverage note: All verses reviewed. 3:5-6 (sinlessness of Christ, believers not sinning) is subsumed under New Birth/Regeneration and Sanctification/Purification; no independent doctrine required.
Chapter 4 — 1 John 4:1-21 (CORE PASSAGE: Testing the Spirits; God is Love)
| Doctrine | Supporting Passage(s) | Risk | Translation Risk Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testing the Spirits | 4:1-6 | Critical | Subukin/suriin ang mga espiritu — doctrinal discernment against confession of Christ’s incarnation; categorically distinct from consulting spirit-mediums, psychics, or anito. | Human theologian |
| The Incarnation | 4:2-3, 4:9 | Critical | The confessional test itself: “Jesus Christ come in the flesh”; guard against Santo Niño localization. | Human theologian |
| Overcoming the World | 4:4 | Medium | ”Greater is he that is in you” — victory grounded in the indwelling Spirit, not self-help framing. | Native speaker |
| God is Love | 4:7-8, 4:9-10, 4:16 | Critical | CORE DOCTRINE. Ang Diyos ay pag-ibig — essential-nature statement easily misheard through romantic pag-ibig cultural lens; requires mandatory teaching note at every occurrence. | Human theologian |
| Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 4:7-12, 4:19-21 | High | ”We love because he first loved us” (4:19) — must not be reframed as reciprocal debt (utang na loob); love is family resemblance, not repayment. | Human theologian |
| Propitiation / Atonement | 4:10 | Critical | God sent his Son to be the haing pantubos — completed, once-for-all sacrifice, the ground of 4:7-12’s love-command. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | 4:9, 4:15 | High | ”Only Son” (bugtong na Anak) sent into the world — devotional-dilution risk, not denial risk, in Filipino Catholic context. | Human theologian |
| Fellowship with God (abide) | 4:12-16 | Medium | ”God abides in us” — mutual indwelling language; consistent rendering of manatili required. | Native speaker |
| Assurance of Salvation | 4:17-18 | High | Confidence in the day of judgment grounded in Christ’s finished work and the Spirit’s testimony, not sacramental performance. | Human theologian |
| Fear Displaced by Perfect Love | 4:18 | Low | Takot here = anxious dread of judgment; distinguish from reverent “fear of the Lord” elsewhere in Scripture. | Automated |
Chapter 4 coverage note: This chapter contains the curriculum’s theological anchor (4:7-21) and its highest concentration of Critical-tier doctrine. All verses reviewed; no verse falls outside the ten entries above.
Chapter 5 — 1 John 5:1-21 (Faith, Testimony, Eternal Life, Closing Warning)
| Doctrine | Supporting Passage(s) | Risk | Translation Risk Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Birth / Regeneration | 5:1, 5:4, 5:18 | Critical | Faith that Jesus is the Christ as the mark of the born-of-God; guard against binyag-alone sacramentalism. | Human theologian |
| Overcoming the World | 5:1-5, 5:19 | Medium | Victory “by faith” (5:4-5) explicitly grounded in the Son of God, not generic resilience/self-help. | Native speaker |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | 5:5, 5:20 | High | ”Jesus is the Son of God” as the overcoming confession; also grounds 5:20’s “true God” claim. | Human theologian |
| Testimony of the Spirit, Water, and Blood | 5:6-11 | Low | Standard vocabulary describing threefold testimony to the Son; minimal syncretism risk. | Automated |
| Eternal Life | 5:11-13, 5:20 | High | Buhay na walang hanggan as present possession through the Son; not a reincarnation-cycle concept. | Human theologian |
| Assurance of Salvation | 5:13 | High | ”That ye may know” — settled confidence, not anxious uncertainty tied to ritual sufficiency. | Human theologian |
| Confidence in Prayer | 5:14-15 | Medium | Confident access “according to his will,” consistent with 3:21-22. | Native speaker |
| Sin Unto Death | 5:16-17 | Medium | Render literally; preserve interpretive ambiguity given pastoral sensitivity. | Native speaker |
| Idolatry and Exclusive Worship | 5:20-21 | Critical | Closing command against idols in a context saturated with santo devotional imagery; requires respectful, non-dismissive doctrinal framing preserving exclusivity of worship of the one true God. | Human theologian |
Chapter 5 coverage note: All verses reviewed. 5:2-3 (love of God expressed in commandment-keeping) is subsumed under Obedience and Commandment-Keeping (already documented in Ch. 2-3); no independent new doctrine required.
Consolidated Doctrine Matrix (Whole-Book Cross-Reference)
The following restates all 25 registry doctrines with their complete book-wide passage lists, for single-table reference during Phase 2 routing. Risk tiers and routing are identical to doctrine_risk_registry.json.
| Doctrine | Risk | Primary Passages (Whole Book) | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|
| God is Light | High | 1:5; 1:6-7; 2:8-11 | Human theologian |
| God is Love | Critical | 4:8; 4:16; 4:9-10 | Human theologian |
| Fellowship with God | Medium | 1:3; 1:6-7 | Native speaker |
| Fellowship with One Another | Medium | 1:3; 1:7; 4:12 | Native speaker |
| Confession of Sin | Critical | 1:9 | Human theologian |
| Forgiveness of Sin | Critical | 1:7; 1:9; 2:12 | Human theologian |
| Propitiation / Atonement | Critical | 2:2; 4:10 | Human theologian |
| Advocate / Intercession of Christ | Critical | 2:1 | Human theologian |
| Love for the Brethren | High | 3:10-18; 4:7-12; 4:20-21 | Human theologian |
| New Birth / Regeneration | Critical | 2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1; 5:18 | Human theologian |
| The Incarnation | Critical | 1:1-2; 4:2-3; 4:9 | Human theologian |
| Antichrist and False Teaching | High | 2:18-23; 4:1-3 | Human theologian |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | High | 4:9; 4:15; 5:5; 5:20 | Human theologian |
| Assurance of Salvation | High | 3:19-21; 4:17-18; 5:13-14 | Human theologian |
| Eternal Life | High | 1:2; 2:25; 5:11-13; 5:20 | Human theologian |
| Overcoming the World | Medium | 2:13-14; 2:15-17; 4:4; 5:4-5; 5:19 | Native speaker |
| Testing the Spirits | Critical | 4:1-6 | Human theologian |
| Anointing of the Spirit | Critical | 2:20; 2:27 | Human theologian |
| Idolatry and Exclusive Worship | Critical | 5:20-21 | Human theologian |
| Obedience and Commandment-Keeping | Medium | 2:3-6; 3:4; 3:22-24; 5:2-3 | Native speaker |
| Sanctification / Purification | Medium | 1:9; 3:3; 3:7 | Native speaker |
| Confidence in Prayer | Medium | 3:21-22; 5:14-15 | Native speaker |
| Sin Unto Death | Medium | 5:16-17 | Native speaker |
| Testimony of Spirit, Water, Blood | Low | 5:6-11 | Automated |
| Fear Displaced by Perfect Love | Low | 4:18 | Automated |
Full-book coverage confirmation: Every chapter of 1 John (1–5) has been reviewed verse-range by verse-range above. No chapter or section was silently omitted. Chapters 1-3 and 5 supply supporting doctrinal architecture; Chapter 4 (1 John 4:7-21) is confirmed as the theological anchor carrying the highest concentration of Critical-tier doctrine (God is Love, Propitiation, Incarnation, Testing the Spirits), consistent with its designation as the curriculum’s core passage.
This document is consistent with and does not contradict doctrine_risk_registry.json. See 08_core_glossary.md for term-level renderings and 12_ai_translation_requirements.md (baseline, to be extended in a later phase) for enforcement instructions.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Advocate / Intercession of Christ
Filipino name: Pamamagitan ni Kristo bilang Tagapagtanggol
Key terms: advocate, intercession, propitiation
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Tagapagtanggol names Christ’s unique legal-advocate role before the Father. This directly intersects with pamamagitan ng mga santo (intercession of the saints and Mary as go-betweens for specific needs), a central and extremely common Filipino folk-Catholic devotional practice. Every occurrence needs a note affirming Christ’s advocacy is unique and fully sufficient, not one intercessory relationship to add alongside others.
Anointing of the Spirit
Filipino name: Pagpapahid ng Espiritu
Key terms: anointing, holy spirit
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: The Spirit’s anointing is given directly to every believer, not a special class. Filipino ‘pahid’/‘pagpapahid’ risks being heard through the lens of Catholic sacramental anointing (Confirmation’s chrism, or the Anointing of the Sick administered by a priest with consecrated oil), which could suggest this gift is ritually mediated by clergy to a subset of believers rather than given directly by the Spirit to every believer.
Confession of Sin
Filipino name: Pagpapahayag ng Kasalanan
Key terms: confess, sin, unrighteousness
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Filipino ‘kumpisal’ names the Catholic sacrament of Confession/Penance performed with a priest, whose absolution is understood as the mechanism of forgiveness. 1 John 1:9 describes direct, personal confession to God (‘ipagtapat’/‘aminin’), with forgiveness following from God’s own faithfulness and Christ’s finished sacrifice, not a priest’s pronounced absolution as a required mediating step. Every occurrence needs this distinguishing note.
Forgiveness of Sin
Filipino name: Kapatawaran ng Kasalanan
Key terms: forgiveness, cleanse, blood
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Patawad/patawarin must be taught as God’s direct, gracious response to confession and faith in Christ’s atoning blood, not a benefit dispensed exclusively through priestly sacramental mediation (folk-Catholic reliance on absolution, confession booth practice, or last rites).
God is Love
Filipino name: Ang Diyos ay Pag-ibig
Key terms: love, god is love, propitiation
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘Ang Diyos ay pag-ibig’ is easily misheard through the dominant cultural lens of pag-ibig as romantic/courtship love (love songs, teleseryes) or flattened to generic kindness. This is an essential-nature statement about God’s holy, self-giving, sacrificial character revealed at the cross, not sentiment or attraction. Every occurrence requires a mandatory teaching note.
Idolatry and Exclusive Worship
Filipino name: Pagsamba sa Diyus-diyosan at Bukod-tanging Pagsamba sa Diyos
Key terms: idols, true god
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: This closing command lands in a uniquely sensitive area of Filipino religious life, where images/statues of Christ, Mary, and the saints (santos) are central to widespread devotional practice — including processions, novenas, and household altars. The doctrinal point is exclusive worship and ultimate trust directed to the one true God alone, not a blanket verdict on the use of religious images as such; requires careful, respectful framing that does not dismiss readers’ devotional background while preserving the exclusivity claim.
The Incarnation
Filipino name: Pagkakatawang-Tao
Key terms: word of life, flesh, come in the flesh, only son
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: 1 John grounds the letter in apostolic eyewitness contact with the eternal Son who became visible, audible, and touchable in true human flesh. Filipino devotional culture’s intense attachment to specific miraculous images of the Christ child (the Santo Niño, especially in Cebu) risks localizing this doctrine into devotion toward a particular statue’s perceived power rather than the historical, bodily incarnation itself.
New Birth / Regeneration
Filipino name: Bagong Pagkasilang
Key terms: born of God, children of God, seed
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘Ipinanganak ng Diyos’ risks being absorbed into folk-Catholic sacramental theology, where spiritual new life is understood as conferred at binyag (infant baptism) through the ritual itself. Every occurrence needs a note that new birth from God is evidenced by a transformed capacity to love, do righteousness, and overcome sin — not automatically conferred by a rite performed in infancy apart from living faith.
Propitiation / Atonement
Filipino name: Haing Pantubos
Key terms: propitiation, blood, advocate
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘Haing pantubos sa kasalanan’ must convey a completed, once-for-all sacrifice satisfying divine justice. Folk-Catholic Mass theology, where Christ’s sacrifice is understood as re-presented in each celebration of the Eucharist, risks suggesting the atonement is an ongoing ritual act rather than a finished historical event. Every occurrence requires a note affirming the sacrifice was accomplished once, fully, and is not repeated or re-enacted.
Testing the Spirits
Filipino name: Pagsubok sa mga Espiritu
Key terms: test the spirits, spirit of truth, spirit of error
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘Testing the spirits’ is doctrinal discernment measured against confession of Christ’s true incarnation — categorically different from and opposed to the widespread Filipino folk-religious practice of consulting spirit-mediums, psychics, or ancestral/nature spirits (anito) for guidance. Every occurrence needs a note distinguishing biblical doctrinal discernment from occult or folk-spiritist consultation.
High Risk Doctrines
Antichrist and False Teaching
Filipino name: Anticristo at Maling Turo
Key terms: antichrist, deny, spirit of error
Review routing: Human theologian
Anticristo is an established transliteration, but readers may fixate only on a single future end-times figure (paralleling popular end-times speculation) and miss John’s present-tense warning about false teachers now active who deny that Jesus is the Christ come in the flesh.
Assurance of Salvation
Filipino name: Katiyakan ng Kaligtasan
Key terms: confidence, testimony, savior, born of god
Review routing: Human theologian
Assurance rests on Christ’s finished atoning work and the Spirit’s testimony, not on the frequency or correctness of ongoing sacramental observance — the same pattern documented in the baseline’s Assurance of Salvation entry for Romans.
Deity and Sonship of Christ
Filipino name: Pagka-Diyos at Pagka-Anak ni Kristo
Key terms: son of god, only son, christ
Review routing: Human theologian
Already affirmed in Filipino Catholic catechesis; risk is devotional dilution through disproportionate attention to Mary or particular saints rather than outright denial — the same pattern documented in the baseline for Romans.
Eternal Life
Filipino name: Buhay na Walang Hanggan
Key terms: eternal life, savior, believe
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Buhay na walang hanggan’ must communicate a present possession received through the Son, not merely a future reward, and must not be confused with any notion of an unending cycle of existence or reincarnation.
God is Light
Filipino name: Ang Diyos ay Liwanag
Key terms: light, darkness, walk
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Ang Diyos ay liwanag’ is the natural, established Filipino rendering, but risks being sentimentalized into vague positivity or generic blessing rather than preserved as an essential-nature statement about God’s holy, sin-excluding purity, parallel in structure to ‘God is love.‘
Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Filipino name: Pag-ibig sa mga Kapatid bilang Katibayan ng Bagong Pagkasilang
Key terms: love, brother, hate, lay down life
Review routing: Human theologian
Love for fellow believers (kapatid) is the visible, testable evidence of new birth; risk that ‘pag-ibig’ language for love is heard as sentiment or romantic attachment, or that the obligation to love (4:11) is absorbed into utang na loob (reciprocal debt of gratitude) rather than a family likeness flowing from new birth.
Medium Risk Doctrines
Confidence in Prayer
Filipino name: Pagtitiwala sa Panalangin
Key terms: confidence, prayer
Review routing: Native speaker review
Confident access to God in prayer is grounded in obedience and Christ’s finished work, not the correctness of ritual performance; comparatively lower risk than the Advocate/Intercession doctrine above since it addresses believers’ own prayer rather than a mediating figure.
Fellowship with God
Filipino name: Pagsasamahan sa Diyos
Key terms: fellowship, light, darkness, walk
Review routing: Native speaker review
Pagsasamahan is the established, low-syncretism-risk term; the doctrinal nuance needed is that fellowship with God is broken by walking in sin/darkness and restored through confession, not a static, once-secured status.
Fellowship with One Another
Filipino name: Pagsasamahan sa Isa’t Isa
Key terms: fellowship, brother, abide
Review routing: Native speaker review
Mutual fellowship among believers (‘mga kapatid’) is warmly understood in Filipino church culture; care is needed that it not be reduced to mere social camaraderie apart from shared participation in Christ.
Obedience and Commandment-Keeping
Filipino name: Pagsunod sa Utos
Key terms: commandment, lawlessness, walk
Review routing: Native speaker review
Love for God and love for brother/sister are bound together as a single, unified command; ‘utos’ should not collapse into the baseline’s ‘kautusan’ (Mosaic Law as a system) since entolē here names Christ’s specific ethical mandate.
Overcoming the World
Filipino name: Pagdaig sa Sanlibutan
Key terms: overcome, world, devil
Review routing: Native speaker review
Victory over ‘sanlibutan’ (the moral-spiritual system opposed to God) is grounded specifically in faith in the Son of God, not a generic self-help ‘overcoming’ theme; kosmos carries three senses in the letter and translators must track which is active per occurrence.
Sanctification / Purification
Filipino name: Pagpapabanal at Pagdadalisay
Key terms: purify, cleanse, righteousness
Review routing: Native speaker review
Present moral purification motivated by hope of Christ’s appearing; well-established vocabulary with comparatively low syncretism risk, consistent with the baseline’s Sanctification entry.
Sin Unto Death (Pastoral Distinction)
Filipino name: Kasalanang Patungo sa Kamatayan
Key terms: sin unto death, sin not unto death
Review routing: Native speaker review
A difficult, debated pastoral distinction; translators should render literally and preserve the ambiguity rather than resolving it interpretively, given its pastoral sensitivity around prayer for the sick or spiritually struggling.
Low Risk Doctrines
Fear Displaced by Perfect Love
Filipino name: Takot na Napapalitan ng Ganap na Pag-ibig
Key terms: fear, punishment, perfect love
Review routing: Automated review
Standard vocabulary; minimal doctrinal risk beyond ensuring ‘takot’ here (anxious dread of judgment) is not confused with reverent ‘fear of the Lord’ found elsewhere in Scripture.
Testimony of the Spirit, Water, and Blood
Filipino name: Patotoo ng Espiritu, Tubig, at Dugo
Key terms: testimony, witness
Review routing: Automated review
Standard vocabulary describing the Spirit, water, and blood’s testimony to the Son; minimal syncretism risk in the Filipino context.
Referenced passages