Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Colossians (English → Javanese)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Colossians chapters 1-4. Terms already fixed in the Romans baseline translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] and must never be re-translated or altered. Terms newly required by Colossians’ distinct doctrinal content are marked [NEW — COLOSSIANS] and are proposed here for promotion into the project’s translation memory at Phase 2.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions:
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — mistranslation creates significant theological confusion or syncretism risk; human theologian review required.
- Medium — mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision risk; automated review sufficient.
Section 1 — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans TM)
| Term | Javanese Rendering | Risk | Colossians Occurrences | Reuse Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | Gusti Allah | Critical | 1:1-3, throughout | Never shorten to bare “Gusti” |
| Jesus | Gusti Yesus | Critical | 1:1, 1:3, throughout | Never Nabi Isa |
| Lord | Gusti | High/Critical | 3:18, 3:20, 3:22-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17 | Reserved exclusively for divine reference; human “masters” must use bendara (see Section 2) |
| Holy Spirit | Roh Suci | Critical | 1:8 | Never dhemit/lelembut |
| gospel | Injil | Medium | 1:5, 1:23 | — |
| grace | sih-rahmat | Critical | 1:2, 1:6, 4:18 | Never kasekten/wahyu/utang budi |
| faith | pitados | Medium | 1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7 | Object = Christ |
| saints | para suci | Medium | 1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26 | Not a venerated elite |
| holy | suci | High | 1:22, 3:12 | Not kramat |
| church | pasamuwan | Medium | 1:18, 1:24, 4:15-16 | Not punden |
| peace | katentreman | Medium | 1:2, 1:20, 3:15 | Relational, not meditative calm |
| thanksgiving | pamuji sukur | Low | 1:12, 1:3, 2:7, 3:15, 3:17, 4:2 | — |
| sin | dosa | High | 1:14 | Moral transgression, not cemer |
| resurrection | wungu saka pati | Critical | 1:18 (root), extended to syn-compounds | Never titisan/reinkarnasi |
| apostle | utusan | Medium | 1:1 | Never rasul |
| incarnation (concept) | Gusti Allah dados manungsa | Critical | Underlies 1:19, 2:9 | Never manunggaling kawula gusti |
| son_of_god (title pattern) | Putrané Gusti Allah | Critical | Underlies 1:13, 1:15-20 | Full compound required |
| kingdom_of_god (pattern) | Kratoning Gusti Allah | Medium | Underlies 1:13 | Adapted to “Kratoning Putra…” (see Section 2) |
| Christ (proper name) | Kristus | Critical | throughout | Established transliteration per AI Requirements doc |
Section 2 — New Terms Required by Colossians
| Term (English) | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Javanese Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Key Passages | Alternatives Rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| image (of God) | εἰκών | eikōn | gambaripun (Gusti Allah) | High | Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily | 1:15, 3:10 | — | “Gambar” risks being read as a mere picture/statue or wayang shadow-figure; note required: Christ is God’s nature made visible, not a representation of it. |
| invisible | ἀόρατος | aoratos | ingkang boten kasat mata | Low | Supremacy of Christ over Creation | 1:15, 1:16 | — | Standard descriptive phrase. |
| firstborn | πρωτότοκος | prototokos | pembarep | Critical | Supremacy of Christ over Creation; Resurrection | 1:15, 1:18 | ”kang miyos rumiyin” (literal “born first”) | Must never suggest Christ is the first created being; rank/heir sense required, mandatory note every occurrence. |
| creation / creature | κτίσις | ktisis | titah | Medium | Supremacy of Christ over Creation | 1:15, 1:16, 1:23 | — | Established Javanese theological word; keep Christ categorically distinct from titah. |
| created (verb) | κτίζω / ἐκτίσθη | ktizō / ektisthē | katitahaken | Critical | Supremacy of Christ over Creation | 1:16 | — | Threefold agent/means/goal structure (“in/through/for him”) must be preserved intact. |
| thrones/dominions/rulers/authorities | θρόνοι, κυριότητες, ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι | thronoi, kyriotētes, archai, exousiai | dhampar, kwaosan, para panguwaos, para pamarentah | High | Supremacy of Christ over Creation | 1:16, 2:10, 2:15 | — | Must be framed as Christ’s own subordinate creatures, never independent forces to fear or appease. |
| hold together / sustain | συνίστημι | synistēmi | kasantosakaken | Medium | Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ | 1:17 | — | Present, ongoing sustaining sense must be kept, not reduced to a past act. |
| head (of the church) | κεφαλή | kephalē | sirah | High | Christ as Head of the Church | 1:18, 2:10, 2:19 | — | Must be anchored to “body” so organic life-union is not lost to a merely administrative “leader” reading. |
| body (ecclesial) | σῶμα | sōma | sarira | Medium | Christ as Head of the Church | 1:18, 1:24, 2:19, 3:15 | badan (reserved for ordinary anatomical use) | Formal register for the church-as-body metaphor. |
| beginning | ἀρχή | archē | wiwitan | Low | Christ as Head of the Church | 1:18 | — | — |
| preeminent | πρωτεύων | prōteuōn | linuwih ing sedaya prekawis | Medium | Supremacy of Christ | 1:18 | — | — |
| fullness | πλήρωμα | plērōma | kekebakan(ipun) | Critical | Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily | 1:19, 2:9 | kasampurnan (forbidden — ascetic-attained perfection) | Something Christ inherently has, not something attained. |
| dwell | κατοικέω | katoikeō | manggen | Medium | Fullness of Deity / Incarnation | 1:19 | — | Permanent indwelling, not temporary spirit-possession (dhemit/lelembut categories). |
| reconcile | ἀποκαταλλάσσω / καταλλάσσω | apokatallassō / katallassō | ngrukunaken | Critical | Reconciliation through the Cross | 1:20, 1:21-22 | — | Must not collapse into achievable social rukun-harmony; objective, blood-bought, God-accomplished act. |
| blood | αἷμα | haima | rah (krama) / getih (ngoko) | Medium | Reconciliation through the Cross | 1:20 | — | Krama register for doctrinal text. |
| cross | σταυρός | stauros | salib | Medium | Reconciliation through the Cross | 1:20, 2:14 | — | Established loanword; keep tied to atoning blood-price sense. |
| alienated/enemies | ἀπαλλοτριόω / ἐχθροί | apallotrioō / echthroi | sampun tebih saha dados mengsah / mengsah | Low | Reconciliation through the Cross | 1:21 | — | — |
| blameless | ἄμωμος/ἀμώμητος/ἀνέγκλητος | amōmos/amemptos/anegklētos | tanpa cacad saha suci | Medium | Reconciliation through the Cross | 1:22 | — | — |
| what is lacking (Christ’s afflictions) | ὑστέρημα τῶν θλίψεων τοῦ Χριστοῦ | hysterēma tōn thlipseōn tou Christou | kekiranganipun sangsaraning Gusti Kristus | Critical | Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ (guard against apparent contradiction) | 1:24 | — | Never implies Christ’s atonement is insufficient; refers to the church’s ongoing share in gospel-suffering. |
| mystery | μυστήριον | mystērion | wewadi (ingkang sampun kawiyak) | High | Fullness of Deity; Union with Christ | 1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3 | — | Openly proclaimed to all, unlike kejawen ngèlmu transmitted secretly through a guru-lineage. |
| stewardship | οἰκονομία | oikonomia | jejibahan ingkang kapitadosaken | Low | Mission/Ministry | 1:25 | — | — |
| mature/complete (teleios) | τέλειος | teleios | diwasa/wutuh wonten ing Gusti Kristus | High | Union with Christ | 1:28 | sampurna | Avoid the kasampurnan/ascetic-attainment collision; completeness given/reached in Christ. |
| knowledge | γνῶσις / ἐπίγνωσις | gnōsis / epignōsis | seserepan | High | Warning against False Teaching | 1:9-10, 2:3, 3:10 | kawruh (reserved only to name and reject the false “philosophy”) | Avoids reinforcing kejawen esoteric-knowledge framing as the model for true knowledge of God. |
| wisdom | σοφία | sophia | kawicaksanan | Medium | Warning against False Teaching | 1:9, 1:28, 2:3, 2:23, 4:5 | — | — |
| kingdom of the Son | βασιλεία τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ | basileia tou huiou tēs agapēs autou | Kratoning Putra ingkang kinasih | High | Christ’s Supremacy | 1:13 | — | Adapts baseline Kratoning Gusti Allah pattern; distinct from earthly keraton succession. |
| dominion/authority of darkness | ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους | exousia tou skotous | panguwaosing pepeteng | High | Christ’s Supremacy over Powers | 1:13 | — | The same defeated hierarchy as 1:16/2:15, not an independent force still to be feared. |
| redemption | ἀπολύτρωσις | apolytrōsis | panebusan | High | Reconciliation / Union with Christ | 1:14 | — | Christ’s own blood, once, complete — not a repeatable commercial/ritual transaction (cf. Islamic fidyah). |
| forgiveness of sins | ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν | aphesis hamartiōn | pangapuntening dosa | Medium | Reconciliation | 1:14 | — | — |
| philosophy (rival teaching) | φιλοσοφία | philosophia | filsafat | High | Warning against False Teaching | 2:8 | kawruh (rejected — would over-specifically name kejawen teaching) | Keep the warning general; application to specific local systems belongs to teaching notes, not the translated word. |
| tradition of men | παράδοσις τῶν ἀνθρώπων | paradosis tōn anthrōpōn | adat-tata cara tinggalanipun manungsa | High | Warning against False Teaching | 2:8 | — | Sensitive given both Islamic tradition and Javanese adat authority; frame as a general principle. |
| elemental spirits / elements of the world | στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου | stoicheia tou kosmou | roh-roh pangwaosing jagad | Critical | Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | 2:8, 2:20 | — | Direct collision with danyang/roh alam belief; must never affirm these as forces still requiring appeasement — Christ has triumphed over them (2:15). |
| fullness of Deity | πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος | plērōma tēs theotētos | kekebakaning Kaallahanipun Gusti Allah | Critical | Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily | 2:9 | — | The letter’s clearest single statement of Christ’s full deity; anchors curriculum’s core doctrine. |
| bodily | σωματικῶς | sōmatikōs | kanthi sarira / wonten ing salebeting badanipun ingkang saestu manungsa | Critical | Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily | 2:9 | — | Excludes any docetic/temporary-appearance reading (cf. wayang gods-among-mortals motif). |
| circumcision | περιτομή | peritomē | tetak | High | Union with Christ | 2:11 | — | Overlaps with Islamic khitan; note required distinguishing spiritual circumcision “not made with hands.” |
| baptism | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω | baptisma / baptizō | baptisan | High | Union with Christ | 2:12 | — | Distinguish from siraman/ruwatan purification-bathing rites; one-time identification with Christ’s death/resurrection. |
| buried with / raised with / made alive together with | συνθάπτω / συνεγείρω / συζωοποιέω | synthaptō / synegeirō / syzōopoieō | kasarèkaken bebarengan / kawungokaken bebarengan / kagesangaken bebarengan (kaliyan Gusti Kristus) | Critical | Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him) | 2:12-13, 3:1, 3:3 | — | Never titisan-adjacent (rebirth-cycle) reading; a single definitive identification with a historical event. |
| certificate of debt | χειρόγραφον | cheirographon | cathetan utang kita | High | Reconciliation through the Cross | 2:14 | — | Cross-reference required against the baseline’s grace/utang-budi guard: this is the debt of guilt Christ cancelled, distinct from grace’s freedom from reciprocal social debt. |
| decrees/ordinances | δόγμα | dogmata | angger-angger | Medium | Reconciliation through the Cross | 2:14 | — | Deliberately distinct from angger-anggering Toret (the Law itself). |
| triumphed over | θριαμβεύσας | thriambeusas | ngasoraken saha ngumumaken kamenanganipun | High | Christ’s Supremacy over Powers | 2:15 | — | Public, decisive, total victory language required. |
| shadow / reality-substance | σκιά / σῶμα | skia / sōma | wewayangan / kasunyatan | High | Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | 2:17 | — | Wewayangan’s shared root with wayang risks importing shadow-reality-fusion cosmology; note required. |
| feast, new moon, sabbaths | ἑορτή, νεομηνία, σάββατα | heortē, neomēnia, sabbata | riyaya, tanggal enom, dinten Sabat | Medium | Warning against False Teaching (ceremonial law fulfilled) | 2:16 | — | Riyaya overlaps with Islamic Eid terminology; clarify as fulfilled OT observance, not comment on Islamic practice. |
| worship of angels | θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων | thrēskeia tōn aggelōn | pangibadahing para malaekat | High | Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | 2:18 | — | Malaekat/ibadah carry strong Islamic association; frame as general principle (devotion belongs to Christ alone). |
| dwelling on visions | ἐμβατεύω | embateuō | ngugemi sesipatan ingkang katon | Medium | Warning against False Teaching | 2:18 | — | — |
| self-made religion | ἐθελοθρησκία | ethelothrēskia | pangibadah damelan piyambak | High | Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | 2:23 | — | Names the exact ascetic practice (tapa/tirakat) already flagged in Romans baseline’s separation-unto-service doctrine; explicitly declared worthless here. |
| the things above | τὰ ἄνω | ta anō | prekawis ingkang ing nginggil | Low | Union with Christ | 3:1-2 | — | — |
| hidden (with Christ) | κρύπτω / κέκρυπται | kryptō | kadhelikaken | Medium | Union with Christ | 3:3 | — | — |
| put to death / mortify | νεκρόω | nekroō | pejahi | Medium | Putting Off the Old Self | 3:5 | — | — |
| idolatry (of covetousness) | εἰδωλολατρία | eidōlolatria | panyembahing brahala | High | Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | 3:5 | — | Greed classed with worship of created powers — same fundamental error as chapter 2’s warnings. |
| old self / new self | παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος (καινός) ἄνθρωπος | palaios anthrōpos / neos (kainos) anthrōpos | manungsa lawas / manungsa enggal | High | Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New | 3:9-10 | — | Must stay anchored to union with Christ, not self-effort or ascetic discipline; avoid rebirth-cycle overtones. |
| put off / put on (clothing metaphor) | ἀπεκδύομαι / ἐνδύω | apekdyomai / endyō | nanggalaken / ngagem | Medium | Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New | 3:9, 3:12 | — | — |
| being renewed | ἀνακαινούμενον | anakainoumenon | kaanyaraken | Medium | Putting On the New Self | 3:10 | — | — |
| social-unity list (Greek/Jew, circumcised/uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free) | Ἕλλην/Ἰουδαῖος, περιτομή/ἀκροβυστία, βάρβαρος/Σκύθης, δοῦλος/ἐλεύθερος | — | bangsa liya, tiyang Yahudi, (transliterated), abdi/tiyang merdika | High | Unity in Christ (extends Romans unity_of_jews_and_gentiles) | 3:11 | — | Inherits Romans baseline’s High-risk social-leveling doctrine; extended to slave/free category — see doulos entry below. |
| compassion, kindness, humility, meekness, patience | σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρμοῦ, χρηστότης, ταπεινοφροσύνη, πραΰτης, μακροθυμία | — | welas asih, kabecikan, andhap asor, sareh, sabar | Medium | Putting On the New Self | 3:12 | — | Andhap asor here (true humility) must be distinguished from the rejected false ascetic “humility” of 2:18/2:23. |
| bond of perfection (love) | σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος | syndesmos tēs teleiotētos | katresnan ingkang ngraketaken sedaya prekawis dados setunggal wutuh | Medium | Putting On the New Self | 3:14 | kasampurnan (avoided) | — |
| word of Christ; psalms, hymns, spiritual songs | λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ; ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί | — | pangandikanipun Gusti Kristus; jabur, pujian, kidung kasukman | Low | Corporate Worship | 3:16 | — | — |
| submit (wives) | ὑποτάσσομαι | hypotassomai | sumarah / sumuyud | High | Household Codes | 3:18 | — | Must be anchored to “in the Lord” qualifier and paired husband’s-love command; guard against pure feudal-deference reading. |
| children/parents, obey | τέκνα/γονεῖς, ὑπακούω | — | anak, tiyang sepuh, mituhu | Medium | Household Codes | 3:20-21 | — | Mutual ethic; fathers warned not to discourage children. |
| slave / bondservant | δοῦλος | doulos | abdi / batur | Critical | Household Codes; Union with Christ | 3:22-4:1, 4:7, 4:12 | kawula (FORBIDDEN) | Kawula forms half of the kawula-gusti pairing central to the forbidden manunggaling kawula gusti teaching; must never be used here. |
| earthly master(s) | κύριος (κατὰ σάρκα) | kyrios | bendara | Critical | Household Codes; Lordship of Christ | 3:22, 4:1 | Gusti (FORBIDDEN for this human sense) | The Greek text’s own reuse of kyrios for both human master and Christ must NOT be reproduced in Javanese; Gusti stays exclusive to Christ. |
| eye-service, people-pleasers | ὀφθαλμοδουλία, ἀνθρωπάρεσκοι | — | ladosan pamer, tiyang seneng dipuji manungsa | Low | Household Codes | 3:22 | — | — |
| inheritance, reward, wrongdoing, favoritism | κληρονομία, ἀνταπόδοσις, ἀδικέω, προσωπολημψία | — | warisan, piwales, tumindak ora adil, mbélani salah setunggal | Medium | Household Codes | 3:24-25 | — | Reinforces social-leveling doctrine above. |
| door of the word / opportunity | θύρα τοῦ λόγου | thyra tou logou | kalodhangan kangge mekabaraken pangandika | Low | Mission | 4:3 | — | — |
| boldness | παρρησία | parrēsia | kanthi kendel saha terang-terangan | Low | Mission | 4:4 | — | — |
| wisdom toward outsiders / redeeming the time | σοφία, καιρός | sophia, kairos | kawicaksanan, ngangge kalodhangan kanthi sae | Medium | Evangelism | 4:5 | — | Inherits Romans baseline evangelism-sensitivity caution (non-confrontational framing in Muslim-majority context). |
| salt (speech) | ἅλας | halas | sarem | Low | Christian Conduct | 4:6 | — | — |
| minister, fellow servant, fellow prisoner, fellow worker | διάκονος, σύνδουλος, συναιχμάλωτος, συνεργός | — | juru ladhos, sesarengan dados abdi, kanca tawanan, rencang sakaryo | High (for syndoulos) / Medium (others) | Christian Fellowship | 4:7-14 | kawula (for syndoulos — FORBIDDEN) | Same doulos-root caution applies to “fellow slave/servant.” |
Section 3 — New Doctrine-Term Cross-Reference (for Doctrine Risk Registry Extension)
| Curriculum Doctrine | Primary New Terms | Highest Risk Tier |
|---|---|---|
| Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation | eikōn, prototokos, ktizō, thronoi/kyriotētes/archai/exousiai, synistēmi, hysterēma tōn thlipseōn tou Christou | Critical |
| Christ as Head of the Church | kephalē, sōma (ecclesial), archē, prōteuōn | High |
| Reconciliation through the Cross | apokatallassō, haima, stauros, cheirographon | Critical |
| Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism | philosophia, paradosis tōn anthrōpōn, stoicheia tou kosmou, peritomē, thrēskeia tōn aggelōn, skia/sōma, ethelothrēskia, eidōlolatria | Critical |
| Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him) | synthaptō/synegeirō/syzōopoieō, baptisma, palaios/neos anthrōpos, kryptō | Critical |
| Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New | palaios anthrōpos, neos anthrōpos, apekdyomai/endyō, anakainoumenon | High |
| Household Codes | hypotassomai, doulos, kyrios (human sense) | Critical |
| Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily | plērōma, plērōma tēs theotētos, sōmatikōs, katoikeō | Critical |
This glossary is submitted for promotion into translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json at the start of Phase 2, alongside a corresponding extension of doctrine_risk_registry.json covering the eight Colossians curriculum doctrines listed above.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Gusti Allah
Transliteration: Gusti Allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Gusti (alone)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never shorten to bare Gusti. Colossians occurrences: 1:1-3, 1:6, 1:10, 1:15, 1:19, 1:25, 2:2, 2:9, 2:12, 2:19, 3:1, 3:3, 3:6, 3:16-17, 4:3.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Gusti Yesus
Transliteration: Gusti Yesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Nabi Isa
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never Nabi Isa. Colossians occurrences: 1:1, 1:3-4, 3:17.
Lord
Approved rendering: Gusti
Transliteration: Gusti
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ndara
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Reserved exclusively for Christ’s divine title. Colossians 3:22-4:1 reuses the Greek kyrios for human slave-masters; Gusti must NEVER be used for that human sense — see new term ‘earthly_master’ (bendara) below. Occurrences: 1:3, 1:10, 2:6, 3:13, 3:16-18, 3:20, 3:22-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Roh Suci
Transliteration: Roh Suci
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: dhemit, lelembut
Original: πνεῦμα (ἅγιον)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never dhemit/lelembut. Colossians occurrence: 1:8.
Grace
Approved rendering: sih-rahmat
Transliteration: sih-rahmat
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kasekten, wahyu, utang budi
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Never kasekten/wahyu/utang budi. Colossians 2:14’s ‘certificate of debt’ image makes the grace/utang-budi distinction especially important: the debt Christ cancels is guilt, not the reciprocal social debt of gratitude forbidden as a grace-rendering. Occurrences: 1:2, 1:6, 4:18.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: wungu saka pati
Transliteration: wungu saka pati
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: titisan, reinkarnasi
Original: ἀνάστασις (root); πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Never titisan/reinkarnasi. Colossians extends this root into the syn-compound family (see new term ‘buried_raised_with_christ’), which requires the same forbidden-substitution guard at every occurrence. Occurrence: 1:18 (‘firstborn from the dead’).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: Gusti Allah dados manungsa
Transliteration: Gusti Allah dados manungsa
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: manunggaling kawula gusti
Original: (theological concept underlying 1:19, 2:9; cf. σωματικῶς)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never manunggaling kawula gusti. Underlies Colossians 1:19 and 2:9’s statement that the fullness of Deity dwells in Christ bodily (sōmatikōs), and Christ’s continuing bodily existence at God’s right hand (3:1).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Putrané Gusti Allah
Transliteration: Putrané Gusti Allah
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Full compound required. Underlies Colossians 1:13 (‘kingdom of the Son of his love’) and the whole Christ-hymn of 1:15-20.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: panguwaosipun Gusti Allah
Transliteration: panguwaosipun Gusti Allah
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: kasekten
Inherited from Romans package. Never kasekten. Colossians 1:29 applies this root to Christ’s energeia (‘working’) empowering Paul’s ministry — Christ’s own personal power at work, not impersonal potency.
Christ
Approved rendering: Kristus
Transliteration: Kristus
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New term for Colossians. Established Indonesian-archipelago Bible transliteration. Distinct from the baseline messianic title Sang Mesias (reserved for explicit fulfilled-promise contexts); in Colossians Kristus functions as Christ’s proper name/title throughout (1:1-4, 1:7, 1:24, 1:27-28, 2:5-8, 2:11, 2:17, 2:20, 3:1, 3:3-4, 3:11, 3:13, 3:15-17, 3:24, 4:3, 4:12).
Firstborn
Approved rendering: pembarep
Transliteration: prototokos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Rejected alternatives: kang miyos rumiyin (literal ‘born first’)
Original: πρωτότοκος
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:15, 1:18. Pembarep’s ordinary birth-order sense risks a literal ‘first thing God made’ reading, the historic Arian error. Mandatory translator note every occurrence: rank/heir sense over creation, not first place within it.
Created Verb
Approved rendering: katitahaken (wonten ing Panjenenganipun … lumantar Panjenenganipun … kagem Panjenenganipun)
Transliteration: ktizō / ektisthē (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Original: κτίζω / ἐκτίσθη
Category: Creation
Colossians 1:16. The threefold agent/means/goal structure (in/through/for him) must never be flattened to a single ‘by him’ — losing any leg weakens Christ’s status as both eternal agent and intended goal of creation.
Fullness
Approved rendering: kekebakan(ipun)
Transliteration: plērōma (Grk.)
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Rejected alternatives: kasampurnan (forbidden — ascetic-attained perfection)
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:19, 2:9. Coined from kebak (‘full’); names something Christ inherently has, never something attained through discipline. Kasampurnan forbidden exactly as forbidden for righteousness/sanctification in the Romans baseline.
Reconcile
Approved rendering: ngrukunaken
Transliteration: apokatallassō / katallassō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω / καταλλάσσω
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:20-22. Rukun is a foundational Javanese social-harmony value achieved by human negotiation; every occurrence requires a mandatory note that this is an objective, once-for-all, blood-bought act God accomplished for hostile sinners, not achievable social rukun-making.
Hysterema Afflictions
Approved rendering: kekiranganipun sangsaraning Gusti Kristus
Transliteration: hysterēma tōn thlipseōn tou Christou (Grk.)
Doctrine: Apostolic Suffering and Ministry for the Church
Original: ὑστέρημα τῶν θλίψεων τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:24. Requires the most careful handling in the letter: a wooden rendering could appear to contradict Christ’s sufficiency. Mandatory note every occurrence: refers to the church’s ongoing share in gospel-suffering, never a deficiency in Christ’s finished atoning work.
Elemental Spirits
Approved rendering: roh-roh pangwaosing jagad
Transliteration: stoicheia tou kosmou (Grk.)
Doctrine: Elemental Spirits and Cosmic Powers Subordinate to Christ
Original: στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Spiritual Powers
Colossians 2:8, 2:20. Sits directly on live Javanese belief in danyang/roh alam still propitiated for seasonal/harvest protection; must never affirm these as forces still requiring appeasement. Mandatory theologian-reviewed note every occurrence.
Fullness Of Deity
Approved rendering: kekebakaning Kaallahanipun Gusti Allah
Transliteration: plērōma tēs theotētos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Original: πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος
Category: Christology
Colossians 2:9. The letter’s clearest single statement of Christ’s full deity; reuses kekebakan and echoes the baseline deity_of_christ doctrine label.
Bodily
Approved rendering: kanthi sarira / wonten ing salebeting badanipun ingkang saestu manungsa
Transliteration: sōmatikōs (Grk.)
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Original: σωματικῶς
Category: Christology
Colossians 2:9. Must exclude any docetic/temporary-appearance reading, such as the wayang motif of gods manifesting temporarily among mortals.
Buried Raised With Christ
Approved rendering: kasarèkaken bebarengan / kawungokaken bebarengan / kagesangaken bebarengan (kaliyan Gusti Kristus)
Transliteration: synthaptō / synegeirō / syzōopoieō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Original: συνθάπτω, συνεγείρω, συζωοποιέω
Category: Union with Christ
Colossians 2:12-13, 3:1, 3:3. Requires the same forbidden-substitution guard as the baseline resurrection term: never heard through titisan (ancestor/deity spiritual quality reborn in a later figure) or cyclical rebirth. A single, definitive identification with a historical event.
Slave Bondservant
Approved rendering: abdi / batur
Transliteration: doulos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Household Codes
Rejected alternatives: kawula (FORBIDDEN)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 3:22-4:1; syndoulos (‘fellow slave’) at 1:7, 4:7, 4:12. Kawula forms half of the kawula-gusti pairing central to the forbidden manunggaling kawula gusti teaching; would wrongly activate mystical-union associations in a passage giving practical ethical instruction. Never kawula.
Earthly Master
Approved rendering: bendara
Transliteration: kyrios kata sarka (Grk.)
Doctrine: Household Codes
Rejected alternatives: Gusti (FORBIDDEN for this human sense)
Original: κύριος (κατὰ σάρκα)
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 3:22, 4:1. The Greek text itself reuses kyrios for both a human master and Christ; the Javanese translation must NOT reproduce this collision. Gusti stays exclusively reserved for Christ’s divine Lordship.
High Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: suci
Transliteration: suci
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: kramat
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Never kramat. Colossians occurrences: 1:22, 3:12.
Sin
Approved rendering: dosa
Transliteration: dosa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: cemer
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Moral transgression, not cemer (ritual impurity). Colossians occurrence: 1:14 (‘forgiveness of sins’).
Glory
Approved rendering: kamulyan
Transliteration: kamulyan
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: wahyu, kasekten
Inherited from Romans package. Never wahyu/kasekten. Colossians occurrence: 1:27 (‘Christ in you, the hope of glory’) — God’s own inherent radiance, not a conferred mandate or earned potency.
Image Of God
Approved rendering: gambaripun Gusti Allah
Transliteration: eikōn (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Original: εἰκών
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:15, echoed 3:10. ‘Gambar’ risks being read as a mere picture, statue (arca), or wayang shadow-figure controlled by a dalang. Mandatory note: Christ is not a representation of God — he is God’s own nature made visible, identical in essence.
Heavenly Powers
Approved rendering: dhampar, kwaosan, para panguwaos, saha para pamarentah
Transliteration: thronoi, kyriotētes, archai, exousiai (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ’s Triumph Over Spiritual Powers
Original: θρόνοι, κυριότητες, ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι
Category: Spiritual Powers
Colossians 1:16, 2:10, 2:15. Javanese cosmology recognizes ranked unseen powers (danyang, roh alam, wahyu-legitimized rule); must be framed as Christ’s own subordinate creatures, never independent forces to fear, placate, or petition.
Head Of Church
Approved rendering: sirah
Transliteration: kephalē (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Rejected alternatives: pangageng, bapak
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church
Colossians 1:18, 2:10, 2:19. Never rendered with pangageng/bapak (village/court ‘leader’ vocabulary); must always be tightly anchored to ‘sarira’ (body) so the organic, life-giving union is not lost to a merely administrative reading.
Mystery
Approved rendering: wewadi (ingkang sampun kawiyak)
Transliteration: mystērion (Grk.)
Doctrine: Mystery of Christ Revealed to All Nations
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Revelation
Colossians 1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3. Kejawen ngèlmu is transmitted secretly through a guru-disciple lineage restricted to initiates — the opposite of mystērion. Mandatory note every occurrence: this mystery is now openly proclaimed to every nation.
Mature Complete
Approved rendering: diwasa/wutuh wonten ing Gusti Kristus
Transliteration: teleios (Grk.)
Doctrine: True Knowledge and Wisdom in Christ versus False Philosophy
Rejected alternatives: sampurna (risks kasampurnan collision)
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 1:28; related noun teleiotēs at 3:14. Completeness given and reached in Christ, never through self-directed ascetic attainment.
Knowledge
Approved rendering: seserepan
Transliteration: gnōsis / epignōsis (Grk.)
Doctrine: True Knowledge and Wisdom in Christ versus False Philosophy
Rejected alternatives: kawruh (reserved only to name and reject the false philosophy of 2:8)
Original: γνῶσις / ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Knowledge
Colossians 1:9-10, 2:3, 3:10. Kawruh (esoteric knowledge tied to kejawen guru-transmitted instruction) deliberately avoided so the translation does not reinforce the very error Paul opposes.
Kingdom Of The Son
Approved rendering: Kratoning Putra ingkang kinasih
Transliteration: basileia tou huiou tēs agapēs autou (Grk.)
Doctrine: Kingdom of the Beloved Son
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Colossians 1:13. Adapts the baseline Kratoning Gusti Allah pattern into Christ-centered form; must be kept distinct from an earthly keraton succession narrative.
Dominion Of Darkness
Approved rendering: panguwaosing pepeteng
Transliteration: exousia tou skotous (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ’s Triumph Over Spiritual Powers
Original: ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους
Category: Spiritual Powers
Colossians 1:13. Same defeated hierarchy named again at 1:16 and 2:15 — not an independent occult force still to be feared or ritually negotiated with.
Redemption
Approved rendering: panebusan
Transliteration: apolytrōsis (Grk.)
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:14. Risks being heard as a repeatable commercial debt-release or the Islamic fidyah concept; note required: Christ’s own blood, once, complete.
Philosophy
Approved rendering: filsafat
Transliteration: philosophia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Rejected alternatives: kawruh (rejected — would over-specifically name kejawen teaching)
Original: φιλοσοφία
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:8. Neutral loanword keeps the warning general; local application (including kejawen kawruh) belongs to teaching notes, not the translated word.
Tradition Of Men
Approved rendering: adat-tata cara tinggalanipun manungsa
Transliteration: paradosis tōn anthrōpōn (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: παράδοσις τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:8. Sensitive given both Islamic tradition (hadith/ijma’) and Javanese adat authority; frame as a general principle, not a blanket dismissal of custom.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: tetak
Transliteration: peritomē (Grk.)
Doctrine: Baptism and Circumcision Fulfilled in Christ
Original: περιτομή
Category: Union with Christ
Colossians 2:11. Overlaps unavoidably with khitan, the Islamic circumcision rite; every doctrinal use requires a note: a spiritual, not physical, circumcision performed by God in union with Christ’s death.
Baptism
Approved rendering: baptisan
Transliteration: baptisma / baptizō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Baptism and Circumcision Fulfilled in Christ
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Union with Christ
Colossians 2:12. Distinguish from siraman (ceremonial bathing) and ruwatan (misfortune-removal rite) — repeatable protective/purificatory bathing rites; baptism is a one-time public identification with Christ’s death and resurrection.
Certificate Of Debt
Approved rendering: cathetan utang kita
Transliteration: cheirographon (Grk.)
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: χειρόγραφον
Category: Salvation
Colossians 2:14. Must be cross-referenced against the baseline grace/utang-budi guard: this is the debt of guilt Christ has entirely cancelled, distinct from utang budi, the reciprocal social debt forbidden as a grace-rendering.
Triumphed Over
Approved rendering: ngasoraken saha ngumumaken kamenanganipun
Transliteration: thriambeusas (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ’s Triumph Over Spiritual Powers
Original: θριαμβεύσας
Category: Spiritual Powers
Colossians 2:15. Must be rendered with public, decisive, total-victory language, not a private or partial defeat.
Shadow Reality
Approved rendering: wewayangan / kasunyatan
Transliteration: skia / sōma (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: σκιά / σῶμα
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:17. Wewayangan shares its root with wayang shadow-puppet cosmology, risking a shadow-reality-fusion reading; note required: a real but temporary, dependent foreshadowing, now fulfilled and superseded.
Worship Of Angels
Approved rendering: pangibadahing para malaekat
Transliteration: thrēskeia tōn aggelōn (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:18. Malaekat/ibadah carry strong Islamic association; frame as a general principle (devotion belongs to Christ alone), not a polemic against Islamic practice.
Self Made Religion
Approved rendering: pangibadah damelan piyambak
Transliteration: ethelothrēskia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: ἐθελοθρησκία
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:23. Names the exact ascetic practice (tapa/tirakat) flagged in the Romans baseline’s separation-unto-service doctrine; explicitly declared worthless here.
Idolatry
Approved rendering: panyembahing brahala
Transliteration: eidōlolatria (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Sin
Colossians 3:5. Covetousness explicitly named idolatry — classed with the same fundamental error as chapter 2’s warnings against elemental-spirit appeasement and angel worship.
Old Self New Self
Approved rendering: manungsa lawas / manungsa enggal
Transliteration: palaios anthrōpos / neos (kainos) anthrōpos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος (καινός) ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:9-10. Must be anchored explicitly to union with Christ, not self-effort or ascetic discipline (echoing 2:23); avoid any drift toward titisan-adjacent rebirth-cycle overtones.
Social Unity List
Approved rendering: bangsa liya, tiyang Yahudi, abdi/tiyang merdika (with transliterated proper names for barbaros/Skythēs)
Transliteration: Hellēn kai Ioudaios, peritomē kai akrobystia, barbaros, Skythēs, doulos, eleutheros (Grk.)
Doctrine: Unity of Believers Across Social and Ethnic Categories
Original: Ἕλλην καὶ Ἰουδαῖος, περιτομὴ καὶ ἀκροβυστία, βάρβαρος, Σκύθης, δοῦλος, ἐλεύθερος
Category: Church
Colossians 3:11. Extends the Romans baseline’s High-risk unity_of_jews_and_gentiles doctrine into slave/free categories, challenging the traditional priyayi/wong cilik class distinction.
Submit Wives
Approved rendering: sumarah / sumuyud
Transliteration: hypotassomai (Grk.)
Doctrine: Household Codes
Original: ὑποτάσσομαι
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 3:18. Javanese keraton/village hierarchical-deference vocabulary risks reinforcing existing social hierarchy as an end in itself; must be anchored to ‘in the Lord’ and paired immediately with the husband’s call to sacrificial love (3:19).
Ministry Titles
Approved rendering: juru ladhos, sesarengan dados abdi, kanca tawanan, rencang sakaryo
Transliteration: diakonos, syndoulos, synaichmalōtos, synergos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship and Co-laboring in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: kawula (for syndoulos — FORBIDDEN)
Original: διάκονος, σύνδουλος, συναιχμάλωτος, συνεργός
Category: Fellowship
Colossians 1:7, 4:7-14. The same doulos-root caution applies to syndoulos (‘fellow slave/servant’): abdi compounds required, never kawula, since this passage describes voluntary gospel co-labor, not the mystical kawula-gusti pairing.
Medium Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Injil
Transliteration: injil
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Rejected alternatives: kabar kabungahan
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Colossians occurrences: 1:5, 1:23.
Faith
Approved rendering: pitados
Transliteration: pitados (krama); pracaya (ngoko)
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith (Christ) must remain explicit in context. Colossians occurrences: 1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7, 2:12.
Saints
Approved rendering: para suci
Transliteration: para suci
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: wali
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never wali. Colossians occurrences: 1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26.
Church
Approved rendering: pasamuwan
Transliteration: pasamuwan
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: punden
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never punden. In Colossians specifically described as Christ’s body (see new term ‘body_ecclesial’). Occurrences: 1:18, 1:24, 4:15-16.
Peace
Approved rendering: katentreman
Transliteration: katentreman
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Colossians extends this to ‘the peace of Christ ruling in your hearts’ (3:15); not the inner calm of meditative discipline. Occurrences: 1:2, 1:20, 3:15.
Apostle
Approved rendering: utusan
Transliteration: utusan
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: rasul
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never rasul. Colossians occurrence: 1:1.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Kratoning Gusti Allah
Transliteration: Kratoning Gusti Allah
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package pattern. In Colossians 1:13 specified as ‘the kingdom of the Son of his love’ — see new term ‘kingdom_of_the_son’ for the Christ-centered adaptation.
Creation Creature
Approved rendering: titah
Transliteration: ktisis (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Original: κτίσις
Category: Creation
Colossians 1:15-16, 1:23. Established, doctrinally sound Javanese theological word; keep Christ categorically distinct from titah — he is Maker, not made.
Hold Together
Approved rendering: kasantosakaken (wonten ing Panjenenganipun)
Transliteration: synistēmi (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Original: συνίστημι
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:17. Ongoing, present-tense sustaining sense must be preserved, not reduced to a past one-time act; grounds the sufficiency emphasis.
Body Ecclesial
Approved rendering: sarira
Transliteration: sōma (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Rejected alternatives: badan (reserved for ordinary anatomical use)
Original: σῶμα
Category: Church
Colossians 1:18, 1:24, 2:19, 3:15. Formal register for the church-as-body metaphor, distinct from a voluntary association or village ritual community.
Preeminent
Approved rendering: linuwih ing sedaya prekawis
Transliteration: prōteuōn (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: πρωτεύων
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:18. Ensure ‘in everything’ is not softened; summarizes vv.15-18.
Dwell
Approved rendering: manggen
Transliteration: katoikeō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Original: κατοικέω
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:19. Permanent indwelling, distinguished from temporary spirit-possession categories (dhemit/lelembut ‘entering’ a person temporarily); consistent with the incarnation guard against manunggaling kawula gusti.
Blood
Approved rendering: rah
Transliteration: haima (Grk.)
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Rejected alternatives: getih (ngoko, reserved for narrative contexts)
Original: αἷμα
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:20. Krama-register rah used for doctrinal text.
Cross
Approved rendering: salib
Transliteration: stauros (Grk.)
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: σταυρός
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:20, 2:14. Established loanword; must not be softened into a generic suffering-symbol divorced from its atoning, blood-price function — keep paired with rah language.
Blameless
Approved rendering: tanpa cacad saha suci
Transliteration: amōmos / amemptos / anegklētos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἄμωμος, ἀμώμητος, ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:22. God-given status through reconciliation, not attained by ascetic effort.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: kawicaksanan
Transliteration: sophia (Grk.)
Doctrine: True Knowledge and Wisdom in Christ versus False Philosophy
Original: σοφία
Category: Knowledge
Colossians 1:9, 1:28, 2:3, 2:23, 4:5. True wisdom hidden in Christ, contrasted with worldly/philosophical wisdom.
Forgiveness Of Sins
Approved rendering: pangapuntening dosa
Transliteration: aphesis hamartiōn (Grk.)
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:14. Uses baseline term dosa exactly.
Decrees Ordinances
Approved rendering: angger-angger
Transliteration: dogmata (Grk.)
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: δόγματα
Category: Law
Colossians 2:14. Deliberately distinct from the baseline’s angger-anggering Toret (the Mosaic Law itself), to avoid implying the Law, rather than its condemning legal claim, was destroyed.
Feasts New Moon Sabbaths
Approved rendering: riyaya, tanggal enom, dinten Sabat
Transliteration: heortē, neomēnia, sabbata (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: ἑορτή, νεομηνία, σάββατα
Category: Law
Colossians 2:16. Riyaya overlaps with Islamic Eid terminology; note required clarifying these are fulfilled OT covenant observances, not commentary on Islamic practice.
Dwelling On Visions
Approved rendering: ngugemi sesipatan ingkang katon
Transliteration: embateuō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: ἐμβατεύω
Category: False Teaching
Colossians 2:18. Describes the false teachers’ claim to authority based on visionary experience — a rejected basis for spiritual authority.
Hidden With Christ
Approved rendering: kadhelikaken
Transliteration: kryptō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Original: κρύπτω / κέκρυπται
Category: Union with Christ
Colossians 3:3. Must convey secure identification, not mystical concealment/absorption echoing manunggaling kawula gusti.
Put To Death
Approved rendering: pejahi
Transliteration: nekroō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: νεκρόω
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:5. A decisive, deliberate act, grounded in having already died with Christ; keep the decisive tone, not a gradual self-help framing.
Put Off Put On
Approved rendering: nanggalaken / ngagem
Transliteration: apekdyomai / endyō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἀπεκδύομαι / ἐνδύω
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:9, 3:12. Clothing metaphor maps naturally onto Javanese idiom; keep tied to the old-self/new-self doctrine.
Being Renewed
Approved rendering: kaanyaraken
Transliteration: anakainoumenon (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἀνακαινούμενον
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:10. The new self progressively renewed after the image (eikōn) of its Creator; ongoing transformation, not merely an instantaneous change.
New Self Virtues
Approved rendering: welas asih, kabecikan, andhap asor, sareh, sabar
Transliteration: splanchna oiktirmou, chrēstotēs, tapeinophrosynē, prautēs, makrothymia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρμοῦ, χρηστότης, ταπεινοφροσύνη, πραΰτης, μακροθυμία
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:12. Andhap asor (humility) here — true, relational humility — must be distinguished in teaching from the rejected false ascetic humility of 2:18/2:23: same word, opposite theological evaluation depending on context.
Bond Of Perfection
Approved rendering: katresnan ingkang ngraketaken sedaya prekawis dados setunggal wutuh
Transliteration: syndesmos tēs teleiotētos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Rejected alternatives: kasampurnan (avoided)
Original: σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:14. Love binding all other virtues into a completed whole; avoids the ascetic-attainment collision flagged for teleios/teleiotēs elsewhere.
Children Parents Obey
Approved rendering: anak, tiyang sepuh, mituhu
Transliteration: tekna, goneis; hypakouō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Household Codes
Original: τέκνα, γονεῖς; ὑπακούω
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 3:20-21. A mutual, not one-directional, ethic; fathers warned not to provoke/discourage their children.
Inheritance Reward
Approved rendering: warisan, piwales, tumindak ora adil, mbélani salah setunggal
Transliteration: klēros / klēronomia, antapodosis, adikeō, prosōpolēmpsia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance in Christ
Original: κληρονομία, ἀνταπόδοσις, ἀδικέω, προσωπολημψία
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 1:12 (klēros, ‘inheritance of the saints’) and 3:24-25. Reinforces the social-leveling doctrine of 3:11; echoes the Romans baseline adoption doctrine (pengangkatan dadi putra) as the legal ground of inheritance-rights, extended even to slaves serving faithfully.
Wisdom Toward Outsiders
Approved rendering: kawicaksanan, ngangge kalodhangan kanthi sae
Transliteration: sophia, kairos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Original: σοφία, καιρός
Category: Evangelism
Colossians 4:5. Inherits the Romans baseline evangelism-sensitivity caution against confrontational framing in a Muslim-majority context.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: pamuji sukur
Transliteration: pamuji sukur
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurrences: 1:3, 1:12, 2:7, 3:15, 3:17, 4:2.
Invisible
Approved rendering: ingkang boten kasat mata
Transliteration: aoratos (Grk.)
Doctrine: Supremacy and Sufficiency of Christ over Creation
Original: ἀόρατος
Category: God
Colossians 1:15-16. Standard descriptive phrase; no significant cultural collision.
Beginning
Approved rendering: wiwitan
Transliteration: archē (Grk.)
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: ἀρχή
Category: Christology
Colossians 1:18. No significant collision.
Alienated Enemies
Approved rendering: sampun tebih saha dados mengsah / mengsah
Transliteration: apallotrioō / echthroi (Grk.)
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἀπαλλοτριόω / ἐχθροί
Category: Salvation
Colossians 1:21. The former condition of hostility reconciliation reverses.
Stewardship
Approved rendering: jejibahan ingkang kapitadosaken
Transliteration: oikonomia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Apostolic Suffering and Ministry for the Church
Original: οἰκονομία
Category: Ministry
Colossians 1:25. No significant collision.
Things Above
Approved rendering: prekawis ingkang ing nginggil
Transliteration: ta anō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Original: τὰ ἄνω
Category: Sanctification
Colossians 3:1-2. The believer’s heavenward orientation, grounded in being raised with Christ.
Word Of Christ Worship
Approved rendering: pangandikanipun Gusti Kristus; jabur, pujian, saha kidung kasukman
Transliteration: logos tou Christou; psalmoi, hymnoi, ōdai pneumatikai (Grk.)
Doctrine: Corporate Worship
Original: λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ; ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί
Category: Worship
Colossians 3:16. Corporate worship practice — teaching and admonishing one another through the word of Christ and song.
Eye Service
Approved rendering: ladosan pamer, tiyang seneng dipuji manungsa
Transliteration: ophthalmodoulia, anthrōpareskoi (Grk.)
Doctrine: Household Codes
Original: ὀφθαλμοδουλία, ἀνθρωπάρεσκοι
Category: Household Codes
Colossians 3:22. Service performed only for show, contrasted with sincere service done for the Lord.
Door Of The Word
Approved rendering: kalodhangan kangge mekabaraken pangandika
Transliteration: thyra tou logou (Grk.)
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Original: θύρα τοῦ λόγου
Category: Mission
Colossians 4:3. An open door/opportunity for gospel proclamation.
Boldness
Approved rendering: kanthi kendel saha terang-terangan
Transliteration: parrēsia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Original: παρρησία
Category: Mission
Colossians 4:4. No significant collision.
Salt Speech
Approved rendering: sarem
Transliteration: halas (Grk.)
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Original: ἅλας
Category: Conduct
Colossians 4:6. ‘Let your speech always be seasoned with salt.‘
Love
Approved rendering: katresnan
Transliteration: agapē (Grk.)
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Colossians 1:4, 1:8, 1:13, 3:14. Selfless, other-directed love; standard, well-established Javanese Christian usage.
Hope
Approved rendering: pangajab-ajab / kaajab
Transliteration: elpis (Grk.)
Doctrine: Hope of Glory
Colossians 1:5, 1:23, 1:27. Confident expectation grounded in an accomplished reality (Christ’s indwelling, the reconciliation of 1:20), not wishful uncertainty.
Bear Fruit
Approved rendering: metu wohipun
Transliteration: karpophoreō (Grk.)
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Mission to the Nations
Colossians 1:6, 1:10. The gospel’s visible, growing effect in believers’ lives and across the world.
Endurance Patience
Approved rendering: kasabaran / sabar ing sedaya prekawis
Transliteration: hypomonē, makrothymia (Grk.)
Doctrine: Apostolic Suffering and Ministry for the Church
Colossians 1:11. Strength for perseverance under trial, empowered by God’s own power, not self-generated stoic virtue.
Understanding Insight
Approved rendering: pangertosan
Transliteration: synesis (Grk.)
Doctrine: True Knowledge and Wisdom in Christ versus False Philosophy
Colossians 1:9. Discernment paired with seserepan and kawicaksanan in Paul’s prayer for the Colossians.
Referenced passages