Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Titus (English → Malayalam)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Titus 1–3 in full. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json are marked REUSED and carry over their exact recorded Malayalam rendering, risk tier, and rejected alternatives without modification. Terms newly required for Titus are marked NEW and are proposed here for addition to translation memory ahead of Phase 2.
A. Reused Terms (baseline Romans translation memory — apply exactly, no changes)
| English term | Greek | Malayalam (baseline) | Transliteration | Risk (baseline) | Titus occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grace | χάρις | കൃപ | krupa | High | 1:4, 2:11, 3:7, 3:15 |
| Faith | πίστις | വിശ്വാസം | vishwasam | Medium | 1:1, 1:4, 1:13, 2:2, 2:10, 3:8, 3:15 |
| Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | നീതി | neethi | High | 3:5 |
| Justification | δικαίωσις (verb δικαιόω) | നീതീകരണം | neetheekaranam | Critical | 3:7 |
| Salvation | σωτηρία (verb σῴζω) | രക്ഷ | raksha | High | 3:5 |
| Apostle | ἀπόστολος | അപ്പോസ്തലന് | appostalan | Low | 1:1 |
| Election | ἐκλογή/ἐκλεκτός | ദൈവത്തിന്റെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുപ്പ് | daivathinte thiranjeduppu | High | 1:1 |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον | പരിശുദ്ധാത്മാവ് | parishudhathmavu | Critical | 3:5 |
| God | θεός | ദൈവം | daivam | Medium/Critical (context) | throughout |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | യേശു | yeshu | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6 |
| Messiah/Christ | Χριστός | ക്രിസ്തു | kristu | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6 |
| Father | πατήρ | പിതാവ് | pithavu | Critical | 1:4 |
| Law | νόμος | ന്യായപ്രമാണം | nyayapramanam | Medium | 3:9 (νομικαί) |
| Sin | ἁμαρτία | പാപം | papam | Medium | 3:11 |
| Peace | εἰρήνη | സമാധാനം | samadhanam | Low | 1:4 |
| Glory | δόξα | മഹത്വം | mahatvam | Medium | 2:13 |
| Exhort | παρακαλέω | പ്രോത്സാഹിപ്പിക്കുക | prothsahippikkuka | Low | 2:15 |
Reviewer note: baseline “gentiles” (ജനതകള്), “resurrection,” “incarnation,” “lord,” “son_of_god” do not have direct lexical occurrences in Titus’s extant text but their forbidden-substitution rules remain in force wherever the underlying doctrines are discussed in teaching material (e.g. 2:13’s deity-of-Christ text, 3:5’s regeneration text) — see Section B.
B. New Terms Required for Titus (proposed for translation memory)
| English term | Greek (transliteration) | Malayalam | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearing / Epiphany | ἐπιφαίνω / ἐπιφάνεια (epiphainō/epiphaneia) | പ്രത്യക്ഷമാകുക / പ്രത്യക്ഷത | pratyakshamakuka / pratyakshatha | Medium | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | — | Occurs 3x (2:11, 2:13, 3:4) marking two distinct “epiphanies” (grace’s first appearing; glory’s future appearing) plus kindness’s appearing; keep one consistent Malayalam verb family across all three for structural clarity. |
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | രക്ഷകൻ | rakshakan | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Six occurrences in three chapters — the highest density in the NT; built directly on the already-safe baseline രക്ഷ root. Applied to both God the Father (1:3, 2:10, 3:4) and Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6) — trinitarian nuance for teaching notes. |
| Redeem / Redemption | λυτρόω/λύτρωσις (lytroō/lytrōsis) | വീണ്ടെടുക്കുക / വീണ്ടെടുപ്പ് | veendedukkuka / veendeduppu | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Distinct from രക്ഷ (rescue) and നീതീകരണം (forensic declaration); the ransom/purchase picture. |
| Lawlessness | ἀνομία (anomia) | നിയമലംഘനം | niyamalanghanam | High | Salvation by Grace not Works | അധര്മ്മം / any ധര്മ്മ- compound | NEVER use a ധര്മ്മ- compound. Built from നിയമം (“law,” generic legal term) + ലംഘനം (“violation”) to structurally avoid the dharma-cognate forbidden by the baseline for righteousness/law. |
| A people for his own possession | λαὸς περιούσιος (laos periousios) | സ്വന്തജനം | svanthajanam | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works / Unity of Jews and Gentiles | — | Exodus 19:5 LXX echo; bridges Israel and church as one covenant people; pairs with baseline’s ജനതകള്/unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine. |
| Good works | καλὰ ἔργα (kala erga) | സൽപ്രവൃത്തികൾ | salpravruthikal | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works / Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Highest-priority consistency term in this book. Occurs as celebrated fruit (2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14; also 2:7’s τύπον καλῶν ἔργων) and — using the same root ἔργον but a different theological function — as the rejected basis of salvation in 3:5 and the failed profession of 1:16. Translation must make the fruit/basis distinction recoverable from context in every occurrence; flag every occurrence of ἔργα-family vocabulary for reviewer attention to this specific distinction. |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | ദൈവഭക്തി | daivabhakthi | High | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | ഭക്തി (alone) | Uses ഭക്തി (bhakti), the term the baseline explicitly rejected alone for πίστις/faith due to Hindu bhakti-devotional collision — but renders a genuinely distinct Greek word. Paired with ദൈവ- (God-), mirroring the baseline’s precedent for ആത്മീയവരങ്ങള് (spiritual gifts). Translator note required on every occurrence: ദൈവഭക്തി (reverent, obedient devotion evidenced in conduct) must never substitute for, or be treated as a synonym of, വിശ്വാസം (faith/trust in Christ). |
| Ungodliness | ἀσέβεια (asebeia) | അഭക്തി | abhakthi | Medium | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | — | Negative pole of εὐσέβεια above; same collision-avoidance logic applies. |
| Training/Discipline | παιδεύω (paideuō) | ശിക്ഷണം നൽകുക | shikshanam nalkuka | High | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | ശിക്ഷ (punishment) alone | Must retain the positive, formative, parent-training sense; ശിക്ഷ alone skews toward penal punishment and would lose the pedagogical warmth of the source term — this is the doctrinal keyword of the curriculum’s first named doctrine. |
| Elder (church office) | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | മൂപ്പൻ | moopan | High | Qualifications for Elders | — | Established Malankara Orthodox/Marthoma ecumenical term for the lay/clergy elder office; must be kept distinct from πρεσβύτης (ordinary “older man,” 2:2), rendered മുതിർന്ന പുരുഷൻ. |
| Overseer/Bishop | ἐπίσκοπος (episkopos) | മേൽവിചാരകൻ | melvicharakan | Critical | Qualifications for Elders | ബിഷപ്പ് (transliteration), മെത്രാൻ | Curriculum-specific critical risk. Titus 1:5–7 identifies this office with πρεσβύτερος/elder. Kerala’s Orthodox, Catholic, and other episcopal traditions reserve ബിഷപ്പ്/മെത്രാൻ for a diocesan/metropolitan office far more exalted than a local congregational overseer, which would misrepresent the text’s church-polity claim and import centuries of later ecclesiastical development into a first-century local-church text. മേൽവിചാരകൻ (“one who watches/cares over”) preserves the functional, non-hierarchical sense. Flag for mandatory human theologian review. |
| Steward | οἰκονόμος (oikonomos) | ഗൃഹവിചാരകൻ | grihavicharakan | Medium | Qualifications for Elders | — | Entrusted household manager; the elder’s derivative, not autonomous, authority. |
| Blameless / above reproach | ἀνέγκλητος (anegklētos) | കുറ്റമില്ലാത്തവൻ | kuttamillathavan | Medium | Qualifications for Elders | — | Core elder-qualification standard (1:6, 1:7). |
| Husband of one wife | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ (mias gynaikos anēr) | ഏകപത്നീവ്രതനായ ഭർത്താവ് | ekapatniivrathanaya bharthavu | High | Qualifications for Elders | — | Culturally sensitive elder-qualification phrase; must convey monogamous marital fidelity without over-literalizing into an exclusion rule Paul did not intend; requires denominational-sensitivity teaching note given differing Kerala church polity practice. |
| Sound doctrine / sound teaching | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία (hygiainousa didaskalia) | ആരോഗ്യകരമായ ഉപദേശം | arogyakaramaya upadesham | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | ശുദ്ധമായ ഉപദേശം (as sole rendering) | Preserves Paul’s health metaphor (cf. English “hygiene,” from the same Greek root) directly rather than substituting a purity-register word; recurs at 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:2, 2:8 (“sound word/speech”). |
| Teaching/doctrine | διδασκαλία (didaskalia) | ഉപദേശം | upadesham | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | — | Generic but standard Malayalam Christian-teaching term; low collision risk on its own, High when compounded with ὑγιαίνουσα above. |
| Truth | ἀλήθεια (alētheia) | സത്യം | sathyam | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works / Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | Shared vocabulary across Malayalam’s religious communities; doctrinal sense (the gospel’s revealed truth, opposed to μῦθοι) must be clear from context. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις (syneidēsis) | മനസ്സാക്ഷി | manasaakshi | Low | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | — | Established, low-ambiguity term. |
| Regeneration / New birth | παλιγγενεσία (palingenesia) | നവജനനം | navajananam | CRITICAL | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | പുനർജനനം, പുനർജന്മം | The parallel case, for a new doctrine, to the baseline’s forbidden incarnation/resurrection substitutions. παλιγγενεσία (“new-becoming”) sits in the same semantic neighborhood — “again/anew” + “birth” — that produces the baseline’s forbidden പുനര്ജന്മം (reincarnation) for resurrection. A translator or AI system reaching for the most fluent-sounding Malayalam compound could easily produce പുനർജനനം (built on പുനർ, “again/re-”), dangerously close in both form and root sense to പുനർജന്മം (reincarnation). RULE: NEVER പുനർജനനം or പുനർജന്മം for regeneration — ALWAYS നവജനനം (built on നവ, “new,” never on the “again/re-” root). Mandatory human theologian review on every occurrence. |
| Renewal | ἀνακαίνωσις (anakainōsis) | നവീകരണം | naveekaranam | Medium | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | — | Builds on established Malayalam church-historical usage (the Protestant Reformation is called നവീകരണം in Malayalam), giving positive Christian institutional resonance. |
| Washing | λουτρόν (loutron) | സ്നാനം | snanam | High | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | — | Render literally; do not let the translation itself resolve the Catholic/Orthodox vs. Protestant/Evangelical debate over baptismal efficacy — leave that distinction to teaching notes, per the baseline’s precedent on Marian/saints intercession (teaching point, not correction). |
| Mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | കരുണ | karuna | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Distinct nuance from grace: mercy answers misery/need, grace answers unworthiness; both operative in 3:5, neither should absorb the other. |
| Kindness | χρηστότης (chrēstotēs) | ദയ | daya | Low | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | — |
| Love for mankind | φιλανθρωπία (philanthrōpia) | മനുഷ്യസ്നേഹം | manushyasneham | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Newly coined compound; pairs with χρηστότης as the motive for salvation, contrasted with the 3:3 vice list. |
| Love (general) | ἀγάπη (agapē) | സ്നേഹം | sneham | Medium | (general) | — | Broad, shared Malayalam vocabulary; doctrinal register (self-giving Christian love) established by context, not by lexical choice alone. |
| Heir / Inheritance | κληρονόμος / κληρονομία (klēronomos/klēronomia) | അവകാശി / അവകാശം | avakashi / avakasham | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Connects to baseline’s adoption doctrine (ദത്തുപുത്രത്വം); supplies the inheritance half of the adoption picture. |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | നിത്യജീവൻ | nithyajeevan | Medium | Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Forms an inclusio (1:2/3:7); standing Malayalam Bible term. |
| Hope | ἐλπίς (elpis) | പ്രത്യാശ | prathyasha | Medium | Grace That Trains for Godly Living / Salvation by Grace not Works | — | Confident expectation, not wishful uncertainty or fatalistic hoping; distinguish from Malayalam fatalism idioms already flagged in the baseline’s providence/election entries. |
| Faithful is the saying | Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (Pistos ho logos) | ഈ വാക്ക് വിശ്വാസ്യമാണ് | ee vaakku vishwasyamanu | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | — | Fixed Pastoral Epistles formula recurring in 1–2 Timothy; lock into translation memory now for future cross-document consistency if this curriculum series continues. |
| Submit / Submission | ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō) | കീഴ്പെടുക | keezhpeduka | High | Submission to Authority | — | Applied to civil authorities (3:1), wives (2:5), and slaves/servants (2:9). Kerala’s own historical caste stratification, and its documented internal-church echo between Syrian Christian and Dalit-convert communities (per the baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel doctrine entry), make this a live sensitivity: translation must not be read as endorsing caste-linked subordination. Flag for human theologian review alongside the Romans 13 precedent already established in the baseline AI instructions. |
| Rulers/Authorities | ἀρχαί / ἐξουσίαι (archai/exousiai) | അധികാരികൾ | adhikarikal | Medium | Submission to Authority | — | Standard civic-authority term. |
| Obey (authorities) | πειθαρχέω (peitharcheō) | അനുസരിക്കുക | anusarikkuka | Medium | Submission to Authority | — | Distinguished from ὑποτάσσω by its specifically civic-obedience sense. |
| Slave / Master (household) | δοῦλος / δεσπότης (doulos/despotēs) | ദാസൻ / ഉടയവൻ | dasan / udayavan | High | Submission to Authority | — | δοῦλος reused from Paul’s self-designation (1:1) here in its literal social sense; requires careful contextual framing given Kerala’s historical caste-linked servitude forms. |
| Bondservant (of God/Christ) | δοῦλος θεοῦ (doulos theou) | ദൈവത്തിന്റെ ദാസൻ | daivathinte dasan | High | (identity/calling) | — | ദാസൻ is theologically apt (total submission and belonging) but shares vocabulary with Hindu bhakti tradition’s self-designation of a devotee as “dasa” of a deity — same collision-class concern as the baseline’s grace entry. Context must keep this Paul’s identity in Christ specifically, not a generic devotee-of-a-deity framing. |
| Myth | μῦθος (mythos) | കെട്ടുകഥ | kettukadha | Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | Fabricated legendary material, contrasted with ἀλήθεια/truth. |
| Genealogy | γενεαλογία (genealogia) | വംശാവലി | vamshavali | Low | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | Related to, but distinct from, the baseline’s ദാവീദിന്റെ വംശത്തില് (seed of David) lineage vocabulary — here the same ancestry-language category is rejected as unproductive speculation, not covenant history. |
| Foolish controversy/dispute | μωρὰ ζήτησις (mōra zētēsis) | വിഡ്ഢിത്തരമായ തർക്കം | viddhiththaramaya tharkkam | Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | — |
| Quarrel/Strife | ἔρις / μάχη (eris/machē) | കലഹം | kalaham | Low | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | — |
| Divisive/factious person | αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος (hairetikos anthrōpos) | ഭിന്നതയുണ്ടാക്കുന്ന ആൾ | bhinnathayundakkunna aal | Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | Root of English “heretic,” but here primarily social/relational (division-causing); avoid a Malayalam word carrying later formal heresy-trial connotations not yet present in this text. |
| Admonition/Warning | νουθεσία (nouthesia) | മുന്നറിയിപ്പ് | munnariyippu | Low–Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | — | Paul’s prescribed pre-discipline step. |
| Confess/Profess | ὁμολογέω (homologeō) | ഏറ്റുപറയുക | ettuparayuka | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | — | Echoes (by contrast, in 1:16’s false profession) the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession doctrine. |
| Disqualified/Unfit | ἀδόκιμος (adokimos) | അയോഗ്യൻ | ayogyan | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | — | Closes ch. 1’s profession/conduct contrast. |
| Elderly man / Elderly woman | πρεσβύτης / πρεσβύτις (presbytēs/presbytis) | മുതിർന്ന പുരുഷൻ / മുതിർന്ന സ്ത്രീ | muthirnna purushan / muthirnna sthree | Medium | Qualifications for Elders (terminological contrast) | — | Must not be confused with the office-term πρεσβύτερος/മൂപ്പൻ, despite superficial similarity; flag any translation that conflates the two. |
C. Vice/Virtue Word Clusters (grouped, Low risk)
The following clusters occur in vice or virtue lists (Titus 1:7–10; 2:2–10; 3:2–3) and are collectively Low risk — standard, unambiguous modern Malayalam vocabulary exists for each with no significant syncretism or doctrinal-collision concern:
- Elder/leader vices (1:7–10): αὐθάδης, ὀργίλος, πάροινος, πλήκτης, αἰσχροκερδής, ματαιολόγος, φρεναπάτης → ദുരഭിമാനി, കോപിഷ്ഠൻ, മദ്യപ്രിയൻ, അക്രമകാരി, ദ്രവ്യാഗ്രഹി, വ്യർത്ഥവാദി, വഞ്ചകൻ
- Household virtues (2:2–10): νηφάλιος, σεμνός, φιλόξενος, φιλάγαθος, ἁγνός, οἰκουργός, φίλανδρος, φιλότεκνος, εὐάρεστος → സുബോധമുള്ള, മാന്യതയുള്ള, അതിഥിപ്രിയമുള്ള, നല്ലതിനെ ഇഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്ന, നിർമ്മലമായ, ഗൃഹകാര്യതല്പരയായ, ഭർത്താവിനെ സ്നേഹിക്കുന്ന, മക്കളെ സ്നേഹിക്കുന്ന, പ്രസാദകരമായ
- Pre-conversion vices (3:3): ἀνόητος, ἀπειθής, πλανώμενος, κακία, φθόνος, στυγητός → ബോധമില്ലാത്ത, അനുസരണമില്ലാത്ത, വഴിതെറ്റിയ, ദുഷ്ടത, അസൂയ, വെറുക്കപ്പെട്ട
- Peaceable-conduct virtues (3:2): ἄμαχος, ἐπιεικής, πραΰτης → കലഹമില്ലാത്ത, സൗമ്യഭാവമുള്ള, സൗമ്യത
These clusters require native-speaker (not theologian) review per the baseline’s Medium/Low routing convention, and should be recorded in translation memory as a batch rather than individually re-litigated.
D. Risk Summary for Titus New Terms
| Risk tier | Count (new terms, Section B) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 1 (παλιγγενεσία/regeneration) | Human theologian |
| High | 9 (good works, godliness, training/discipline, elder, husband of one wife, sound doctrine, washing, submission, bondservant/slave-master, doulos theou) | Human theologian |
| Medium | 24 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 3 (+ Section C clusters) | Automated/native speaker review |
E. Cross-Document Consistency Requirements
- σωτήρ/Savior (രക്ഷകൻ) must render identically across all six Titus occurrences (1:3, 1:4, 2:10, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6) regardless of whether it modifies “God” or “Christ.”
- ἐπιφαίνω-family (പ്രത്യക്ഷമാകുക) must render identically across 2:11, 2:13, 3:4.
- καλὰ ἔργα/good works (സൽപ്രവൃത്തികൾ) must render identically at every celebratory occurrence (1:16 negatively; 2:7, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14) — with the contextual fruit/basis distinction against 3:5’s ἔργα carried in teaching notes, not by inventing a second Malayalam word for the same Greek term.
- παλιγγενεσία/regeneration (നവജനനം) must render identically at its single occurrence (3:5) and at every future occurrence in any subsequent Pastoral Epistles curriculum (e.g. if this pipeline extends to 1–2 Timothy).
- πρεσβύτερος/elder (മൂപ്പൻ) vs. πρεσβύτης/older man (മുതിർന്ന പുരുഷൻ) must remain visibly distinct renderings throughout, never merged.
- ἐπίσκοπος/overseer (മേൽവിചാരകൻ) must never be rendered ബിഷപ്പ് or മെത്രാൻ in this curriculum’s Bible-study register.
Critical Risk Terms
Justification
Approved rendering: നീതീകരണം
Transliteration: neetheekaranam
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ക്ഷമ ലഭിക്കല്
Original: δικαίωσις (verb δικαιόω)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 3:7 (δικαιωθέντες, a completed, received forensic status). Never abbreviate to ക്ഷമ (forgiveness) alone.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: പരിശുദ്ധാത്മാവ്
Transliteration: parishudhathmavu
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ബ്രഹ്മം, പരമാത്മാവ്
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 3:5 as the agent of ἀνακαινώσεως (renewal), the ongoing counterpart to the once-for-all παλιγγενεσία/regeneration in the same verse. Never ബ്രഹ്മം or പരമാത്മാവ്.
Jesus
Approved rendering: യേശു
Transliteration: yeshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6. ഈശോ remains a legitimate heritage alternative, not used in this curriculum’s Bible-study register.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ക്രിസ്തു
Transliteration: kristu
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6. മിശിഹാ remains a legitimate liturgical alternative, not used here.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ഉയിര്ത്തെഴുന്നേല്പ്പ്
Transliteration: uyirthezhunnelppu
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: പുനര്ജന്മം
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in Titus’s extant text, but the forbidden-substitution rule (never പുനര്ജന്മം) remains in force wherever this doctrine underlies teaching material, and its logic directly anchors the new Critical regeneration entry below (see regeneration notes for the structural parallel).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: മാംസധാരണം
Transliteration: mamsadharanam
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: അവതാരം
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in Titus’s extant text, but the forbidden-substitution rule (never അവതാരം) remains in force wherever this doctrine underlies teaching on Titus 2:13/3:4’s incarnational appearing (ἐπιφαίνω) language.
Lord
Approved rendering: കര്ത്താവ്
Transliteration: karthavu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in Titus, but the doctrine underlies the letter’s Christology (2:13, 3:6) and the term remains in force for any teaching material discussing Christ’s lordship in connection with Titus.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ദൈവപുത്രന്
Transliteration: daivaputhran
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ദേവപുത്രന്
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in Titus, but the forbidden-substitution rule remains in force for teaching material connecting Titus 2:13’s deity-of-Christ text to broader Sonship doctrine. NEVER ദേവപുത്രന്.
Overseer Bishop
Approved rendering: മേൽവിചാരകൻ
Transliteration: melvicharakan
Doctrine: Identity of Elder and Overseer (Church Polity)
Rejected alternatives: ബിഷപ്പ്, മെത്രാൻ
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. CRITICAL curriculum-specific risk, the single highest-priority forbidden-substitution rule in this book alongside regeneration. Titus 1:5-7 identifies ἐπίσκοπος with πρεσβύτερος as ONE local office. Kerala’s Orthodox, Catholic, and other episcopal traditions reserve ബിഷപ്പ്/മെത്രാൻ for a diocesan/metropolitan office far more exalted than this text’s local congregational overseer. NEVER ബിഷപ്പ് or മെത്രാൻ. ALWAYS മേൽവിചാരകൻ (‘one who watches/cares over’). Mandatory human theologian review on every occurrence.
Regeneration
Approved rendering: നവജനനം
Transliteration: navajananam
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: പുനർജനനം, പുനർജന്മം
Original: παλιγγενεσία
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. THE single highest-priority forbidden-substitution rule in this book. Occurs at Titus 3:5. παλιγγενεσία (‘new-becoming’) sits in the same semantic neighborhood as the baseline’s forbidden പുനര്ജന്മം (reincarnation) for resurrection. A fluent-sounding but wrong compound, പുനർജനനം (built on പുനർ, ‘again/re-’), is dangerously close in both form and root sense to reincarnation vocabulary. NEVER പുനർജനനം or പുനർജന്മം. ALWAYS നവജനനം (built on നവ, ‘new’). Parallel severity to the baseline’s incarnation/resurrection forbidden-substitution rules; mandatory human theologian review on every occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: കൃപ
Transliteration: krupa
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: പുണ്യം
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:4, 2:11, 3:7, 3:15. In Titus 2:11-12, grace is grammatically the SUBJECT that trains (see training_discipline entry below) — keep grace as active agent, never as a reward responding to accumulated devotee devotion (bhakti-collision risk, compounded here by the new ദൈവഭക്തി term).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: നീതി
Transliteration: neethi
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ധര്മ്മം
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 3:5 in the phrase ‘works done in righteousness’ (rejected as the basis of salvation). NEVER a ധര്മ്മ- compound.
Salvation
Approved rendering: രക്ഷ
Transliteration: raksha
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: മോക്ഷം, മുക്തി
Original: σωτηρία (verb σῴζω)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 3:5 (ἔσωσεν, ‘he saved’). This doctrine carries elevated significance in Titus because 3:5’s dense clustering of salvation/grace/mercy/justification terms is the sharpest ‘not by works’ statement in this curriculum outside Romans/Ephesians. NEVER മോക്ഷം/മുക്തി.
Election
Approved rendering: ദൈവത്തിന്റെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുപ്പ്
Transliteration: daivathinte thiranjeduppu
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: വിധി, തലയെഴുത്ത്
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1 (ἐκλεκτῶν θεοῦ, ‘God’s elect’). Never വിധി (fate) or തലയെഴുത്ത് (fatalism idiom).
Father
Approved rendering: പിതാവ്
Transliteration: pithavu
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:4 in the salutation formula.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: ജനതകള്
Transliteration: janathakal
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: ജാതികള്
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in Titus, but the new covenant_people_possession term (Titus 2:14, λαὸς περιούσιος) directly connects to this doctrine; peoplehood vocabulary in surrounding teaching material must maintain the same NEVER ജാതികള് rule.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: നിയമലംഘനം
Transliteration: niyamalanghanam
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: അധര്മ്മം, any ധര്മ്മ- compound
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Sin
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:14 (‘redeem us from all lawlessness’). NEVER a ധര്മ്മ- compound — this would reintroduce the same dharma-cognate risk the baseline forbids for righteousness/law. Built from നിയമം (‘law’) + ലംഘനം (‘violation’) to structurally avoid the collision.
Covenant People Possession
Approved rendering: സ്വന്തജനം
Transliteration: svanthajanam
Doctrine: Church as God’s Covenant People (Peculiar Possession)
Original: λαὸς περιούσιος
Category: Covenant
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:14 (λαὸς περιούσιος, Exodus 19:5 LXX echo). Bridges Israel and the church as one covenant people; connects to the baseline’s unity_of_jews_and_gentiles doctrine and its ജനതകള്/never-ജാതികള് caution for surrounding peoplehood language.
Good Works
Approved rendering: സൽപ്രവൃത്തികൾ
Transliteration: salpravruthikal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: καλὰ ἔργα
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Single highest-priority consistency term in this book. Occurs as celebrated fruit at 1:16 (negatively), 2:7, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14. Uses the SAME Greek root (ἔργα) as Titus 3:5’s rejected basis for salvation — use exactly ONE Malayalam rendering at EVERY occurrence including 3:5; carry the fruit/basis distinction entirely in teaching notes and context, NEVER by inventing a second Malayalam word.
Godliness
Approved rendering: ദൈവഭക്തി
Transliteration: daivabhakthi
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: ഭക്തി (alone)
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:1 and underlies 2:12’s εὐσεβῶς. Uses ഭക്തി (bhakti), the term the baseline explicitly rejects ALONE for faith due to Hindu bhakti-devotional collision, but renders a genuinely distinct Greek word (εὐσέβεια: reverent, obedient devotion evidenced in conduct). MANDATORY translator note on every occurrence: ദൈവഭക്തി must never substitute for, or be treated as synonymous with, വിശ്വാസം (faith/trust in Christ).
Training Discipline
Approved rendering: ശിക്ഷണം നൽകുക
Transliteration: shikshanam nalkuka
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: ശിക്ഷ (punishment) alone
Original: παιδεύω
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:12 (παιδεύουσα, ‘training us’), the doctrinal keyword of this curriculum’s first named doctrine. ALWAYS use the full compound ശിക്ഷണം നൽകുക, NEVER bare ശിക്ഷ, which skews toward penal punishment and loses the positive, formative, parent-training sense of the source term.
Elder
Approved rendering: മൂപ്പൻ
Transliteration: moopan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. Central term for the Qualifications for Elders doctrine (Titus 1:5). Established ecumenical Malankara Orthodox/Marthoma term for the lay/clergy elder office. Must be kept visibly distinct from πρεσβύτης (ordinary ‘older man,’ 2:2), rendered മുതിർന്ന പുരുഷൻ (see elderly_man_woman entry) — never merge the two.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: ഏകപത്നീവ്രതനായ ഭർത്താവ്
Transliteration: ekapatniivrathanaya bharthavu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:6. Culturally sensitive elder-qualification phrase; must convey marital fidelity without over-literalizing into an exclusion rule Paul did not intend. Requires a denominational-sensitivity teaching note given varying Kerala church polity practice on remarriage/widowhood — a Christian-internal, not interfaith, concern.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: ആരോഗ്യകരമായ ഉപദേശം
Transliteration: arogyakaramaya upadesham
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: ശുദ്ധമായ ഉപദേശം (as sole rendering)
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία / λόγος / πίστις
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Central term recurring at Titus 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:2, 2:8. Preserves Paul’s deliberate health metaphor (cf. English ‘hygiene,’ same Greek root) rather than substituting a purity-register word. Must render identically at all five occurrences.
Washing
Approved rendering: സ്നാനം
Transliteration: snanam
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Original: λουτρόν
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:5 (λουτρόν). Render literally (‘washing’); do NOT let the translation itself resolve the Catholic/Orthodox vs. Protestant/Evangelical debate over baptismal efficacy — leave that distinction to teaching notes, per the baseline’s precedent on Marian/saints intercession.
Submission
Approved rendering: കീഴ്പെടുക
Transliteration: keezhpeduka
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Applied to civil authorities (3:1), wives (2:5), and slaves/servants (2:9). Kerala’s own historical caste stratification, and its documented internal-church echo between Syrian Christian and Dalit-convert communities (baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel doctrine entry), make this a live sensitivity: translation must not be readable as endorsing caste-linked subordination. Flag for human theologian review alongside the Romans 13 precedent already established in the baseline.
Slave Master
Approved rendering: ദാസൻ / ഉടയവൻ
Transliteration: dasan / udayavan
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: δοῦλος / δεσπότης
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:9. Same δοῦλος word as 1:1 (positive, of Paul and God) and 3:3 (negative, of sin) — here in its literal social sense. Requires careful contextual framing given Kerala’s own historical caste-linked forms of servitude.
Bondservant Of God
Approved rendering: ദൈവത്തിന്റെ ദാസൻ
Transliteration: daivathinte dasan
Doctrine: Christian Identity as Bondservant of God
Original: δοῦλος θεοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:1, the positive counterpart to the negative δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις of 3:3. ദാസൻ shares vocabulary with Hindu bhakti tradition’s devotee-of-a-deity self-designation (‘dasa’) — the same collision class the baseline documents for grace/കൃപ. Context must keep this Paul’s identity in Christ specifically, never a generic devotee-framing.
Medium Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: സുവിശേഷം
Transliteration: suvisesham
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not lexically present as a standalone noun in Titus, but underlies κήρυγμα/proclamation (1:3) and the letter’s entire proclamation framework.
Faith
Approved rendering: വിശ്വാസം
Transliteration: vishwasam
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ഭക്തി
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1, 1:4, 1:13, 2:2, 2:10, 3:8, 3:15. Must be kept visibly distinct from the new term ദൈവഭക്തി (godliness) introduced for Titus — the two are never synonyms.
God
Approved rendering: ദൈവം
Transliteration: daivam
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ഭഗവാന്
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout Titus. Note Titus’s distinctive fluid application of σωτήρ/Savior to θεός at 1:3, 2:10, 3:4 alongside its application to Christ (see savior entry below) — a trinitarian pattern unique in density to this letter.
Adoption
Approved rendering: ദത്തുപുത്രത്വം
Transliteration: dattuputhratvam
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ദത്തെടുക്കല്
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not lexically present in Titus, but the doctrine is theologically completed by Titus 3:7’s heir_inheritance language — teaching notes should explicitly connect the two so learners see adoption and inheritance as one package.
Law
Approved rendering: ന്യായപ്രമാണം
Transliteration: nyayapramanam
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ധര്മ്മം
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies Titus 3:9’s νομικαί (‘quarrels about the law’). Avoid ധര്മ്മം.
Sin
Approved rendering: പാപം
Transliteration: papam
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 3:11 (implicitly, via αὐτοκατάκριτος/self-condemned).
Glory
Approved rendering: മഹത്വം
Transliteration: mahatvam
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 2:13 (‘appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior’) — directly tied to the Deity of Christ doctrine, a Critical-tier passage for this curriculum.
Epiphany Appearing
Approved rendering: പ്രത്യക്ഷമാകുക / പ്രത്യക്ഷത
Transliteration: pratyakshamakuka / pratyakshatha
Doctrine: Epiphany Theology (Christ’s Appearing)
Original: ἐπιφαίνω / ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
NEW for Titus. Occurs 3x (2:11, 2:13, 3:4), marking grace’s/kindness’s past appearing and glory’s future appearing. Must use ONE consistent Malayalam verb family across all three occurrences so the deliberate literary structure is recoverable. Do not flatten to a generic ‘came’ or ‘was shown.‘
Savior
Approved rendering: രക്ഷകൻ
Transliteration: rakshakan
Doctrine: Trinitarian Savior Pattern
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. Highest density of this title in the NT (6x in 3 chapters): applied to God the Father (1:3, 2:10, 3:4) and to Jesus Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6). Built directly on the already-safe baseline രക്ഷ root. MUST render identically regardless of referent to preserve, not obscure, the letter’s trinitarian pattern.
Redemption
Approved rendering: വീണ്ടെടുക്കുക / വീണ്ടെടുപ്പ്
Transliteration: veendedukkuka / veendeduppu
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: λυτρόω / λύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:14 (λυτρώσηται). Distinct from രക്ഷ (rescue) and നീതീകരണം (forensic declaration) — emphasizes a ransom/purchase picture. Do not use രക്ഷ as a synonym-substitute.
Ungodliness
Approved rendering: അഭക്തി
Transliteration: abhakthi
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:12, the negative pole grace turns believers away from. Same bhakti collision-avoidance logic as godliness above applies.
Steward
Approved rendering: ദൈവത്തിന്റെ ഗൃഹവിചാരകൻ
Transliteration: daivathinte grihavicharakan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: θεοῦ οἰκονόμος
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:7. The elder/overseer’s authority is entrusted stewardship, not personal ownership.
Blameless
Approved rendering: കുറ്റമില്ലാത്തവൻ
Transliteration: kuttamillathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. Core elder-qualification standard, occurs at Titus 1:6, 1:7.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: ഉപദേശം
Transliteration: upadesham
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: διδασκαλία
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Generic but standard Malayalam Christian-teaching term; occurs at Titus 2:1, 2:10 (κοσμέω τὴν διδασκαλίαν, ‘adorn the teaching’). Low risk alone, High when compounded with ὑγιαίνουσα (see sound_doctrine).
Truth
Approved rendering: സത്യം
Transliteration: sathyam
Doctrine: Inspiration and Truth of the Gospel Message
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:1 (ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας), 1:14. Shared vocabulary across Malayalam’s religious communities; doctrinal sense must be clear from context, contrasted with കെട്ടുകഥ (myth).
Renewal
Approved rendering: നവീകരണം
Transliteration: naveekaranam
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Original: ἀνακαίνωσις
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:5 (ἀνακαίνωσις). Builds on established Malayalam church-historical usage (the Protestant Reformation is called നവീകരണം in Malayalam), giving positive Christian institutional resonance. Must remain visibly distinct from നവജനനം despite sharing the നവ- root — once-for-all (regeneration) vs. ongoing (renewal).
Mercy
Approved rendering: കരുണ
Transliteration: karuna
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:5 (ἔλεος). Distinct nuance from grace: mercy answers misery/need, grace answers unworthiness; both operative in this verse alongside κρᾱπις/kindness — none of the three should absorb the others.
Love For Mankind
Approved rendering: മനുഷ്യസ്നേഹം
Transliteration: manushyasneham
Doctrine: Mercy and Kindness of God
Original: φιλανθρωπία
Category: God
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:4 (φιλανθρωπία). Newly coined compound (മനുഷ്യ + സ്നേഹം); low ambiguity but flagged as a new glossary term.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: സ്നേഹം
Transliteration: sneham
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Broad, shared Malayalam vocabulary; doctrinal register (self-giving Christian love) established by context, not lexical choice alone. Occurs within Titus 2:2, 2:4 household-virtue contexts.
Heir Inheritance
Approved rendering: അവകാശി / അവകാശം
Transliteration: avakashi / avakasham
Doctrine: Justification and Inheritance
Original: κληρονόμος / κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:7 (κληρονόμοι, ‘heirs’). Connects to the baseline’s adoption doctrine (ദത്തുപുത്രത്വം); link explicitly in teaching notes so learners see adoption and inheritance as one package.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: നിത്യജീവൻ
Transliteration: nithyajeevan
Doctrine: Hope of Eternal Life
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Titus (formally added; standing Malayalam Bible term). Forms an inclusio bookending the letter at Titus 1:2 and 3:7. Will recur in any future Pastoral Epistles curriculum.
Hope
Approved rendering: പ്രത്യാശ
Transliteration: prathyasha
Doctrine: Hope of Eternal Life
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:2, 2:13 (μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα, ‘blessed hope’), 3:7. Confident expectation grounded in God’s unlying character (1:2), never Malayalam fatalism idioms already flagged in the baseline’s providence/election entries.
Faithful Saying
Approved rendering: ഈ വാക്ക് വിശ്വാസ്യമാണ്
Transliteration: ee vaakku vishwasyamanu
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:8 (Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος), a fixed Pastoral Epistles formula recurring in 1-2 Timothy. Lock this rendering into translation memory now for cross-document consistency should this curriculum series extend to those books.
Rulers Authorities
Approved rendering: അധികാരികൾ
Transliteration: adhikarikal
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ἀρχαί / ἐξουσίαι
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:1. Standard civic-authority term, low ambiguity in itself.
Obey
Approved rendering: അനുസരിക്കുക
Transliteration: anusarikkuka
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: πειθαρχέω
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:1 (πειθαρχεῖν). Distinguished from ὑποτάσσω by its specifically civic-obedience sense.
Myth
Approved rendering: കെട്ടുകഥ
Transliteration: kettukadha
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: μῦθος
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:14 (μῦθοι Ἰουδαϊκοί, ‘Jewish myths’). Fabricated legendary material, contrasted with ἀλήθεια/truth.
Foolish Controversy
Approved rendering: വിഡ്ഢിത്തരമായ തർക്കം
Transliteration: viddhiththaramaya tharkkam
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: μωρὰ ζήτησις
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:9 (μωρὰς ζητήσεις). Central term for this doctrine, paired with 1:14’s μῦθοι.
Divisive Person
Approved rendering: ഭിന്നതയുണ്ടാക്കുന്ന ആൾ
Transliteration: bhinnathayundakkunna aal
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:10 (αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος, root of English ‘heretic’). Anachronism risk: a Malayalam word importing later ecclesiastical heresy-trial connotations would overstate the text, which describes a person who causes division, not yet a formal doctrinal category. Use the descriptive phrasing, not a formal ‘heretic’ equivalent.
Confess
Approved rendering: ഏറ്റുപറയുക
Transliteration: ettuparayuka
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:16 (ὁμολογέω). Sets up the profession/conduct contrast, echoing (by contrast) the baseline’s confession doctrine (Romans 10:9).
Disqualified
Approved rendering: അയോഗ്യൻ
Transliteration: ayogyan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ἀδόκιμος
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:16 (ἀδόκιμος). Sharp condemnation of profession without corresponding good works; preserve the sharpness of the testing-metaphor, do not soften to a vaguer ‘not good.‘
Elderly Man Woman
Approved rendering: മുതിർന്ന പുരുഷൻ / മുതിർന്ന സ്ത്രീ
Transliteration: muthirnna purushan / muthirnna sthree
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
Original: πρεσβύτης / πρεσβύτις
Category: Church
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:2, 2:3 (πρεσβύτης/πρεσβύτις). Must NOT be confused with the office-term πρεσβύτερος/മൂപ്പൻ despite superficial similarity in English ‘elder(ly)’; flag any translation that conflates the two.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: സത്യത്തിന്റെ പരിജ്ഞാനം
Transliteration: sathyathinte parijnanam
Doctrine: Inspiration and Truth of the Gospel Message
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:1 (ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας). Saving knowledge that produces godliness, tying knowledge and conduct together — a Pastoral Epistles emphasis.
God Who Does Not Lie
Approved rendering: വ്യാജം പറയാത്ത ദൈവം
Transliteration: vyajam parayatha daivam
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: ἀψευδὴς θεός
Category: God
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:2 (ἀψευδὴς θεός). Grounds assurance of eternal life in God’s character, not human effort.
Proclamation
Approved rendering: പ്രഘോഷണം
Transliteration: praghoshanam
Doctrine: Inspiration and Truth of the Gospel Message
Original: κήρυγμα
Category: Doctrine
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:3 (κήρυγμα). The apostolic message entrusted to Paul and, by extension, to Titus.
Endurance
Approved rendering: സഹിഷ്ണുത
Transliteration: sahishnutha
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:2 (ὑπομονή), part of the older-men virtue list. Active perseverance under trial, not passive resignation.
Self Control Training
Approved rendering: ബോധമുള്ളവരാക്കി പരിശീലിപ്പിക്കുക
Transliteration: bodhamullavaraakki parisheelippikkuka
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: σωφρονίζω
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:4 (σωφρονίζω). Connects to the παιδεύουσα (‘trains’) of 2:12 — the same disciple-forming dynamic operating at the congregational level as grace operates at the divine level.
Adorn The Teaching
Approved rendering: ഉപദേശത്തിന് അലങ്കാരമായിരിക്കുക
Transliteration: upadeshathinu alankaaramayirikkuka
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
Original: κοσμέω τὴν διδασκαλίαν
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:10 (κοσμέω τὴν διδασκαλίαν). A socially striking claim in its original setting, applied even to household slaves — conduct can beautify or discredit sound doctrine in observers’ eyes.
Pattern Example
Approved rendering: മാതൃക
Transliteration: mathruka
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: τύπος
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:7 (τύπον καλῶν ἔργων, ‘a pattern of good works’). Personal modeling of the good-works refrain, distinct from doctrine per se; pair with സൽപ്രവൃത്തികൾ.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: അപ്പോസ്തലന്
Transliteration: appostalan
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ഗുരു
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1, Paul’s self-designation alongside δοῦλος θεοῦ (see bondservant_of_god below).
Peace
Approved rendering: സമാധാനം
Transliteration: samadhanam
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in the salutation formula at Titus 1:4.
Exhort
Approved rendering: പ്രോത്സാഹിപ്പിക്കുക
Transliteration: prothsahippikkuka
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 2:15 in its ‘build up/encourage’ sense, alongside the distinct new verb ശാസിക്കുക (rebuke).
Conscience
Approved rendering: മനസ്സാക്ഷി
Transliteration: manasaakshi
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Titus. Established, low-ambiguity term; referenced in Titus 1:15’s discussion of a defiled conscience.
Kindness
Approved rendering: ദയ
Transliteration: daya
Doctrine: Mercy and Kindness of God
Original: χρηστότης
Category: God
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:4 (χρηστότης), paired with φιλανθρωπία as the motive behind salvation, contrasted with the 3:3 vice list.
Genealogy
Approved rendering: വംശാവലി
Transliteration: vamshavali
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: γενεαλογία
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:9. Related to, but distinct from, the baseline’s ദാവീദിന്റെ വംശത്തില് (seed of David) lineage vocabulary — here the same ancestry-language category is rejected as unproductive speculation, not covenant history. Kerala’s Saint Thomas heritage places positive value on its own founding lineage; teaching notes should clarify Paul’s target is speculative disputation, not legitimate historical memory.
Quarrel Strife
Approved rendering: കലഹം
Transliteration: kalaham
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ἔρις / μάχη
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:9 (μάχαι νομικαί, ‘quarrels about the law’). Ties directly to the baseline’s ന്യായപ്രമാണം (law) vocabulary.
Admonition
Approved rendering: മുന്നറിയിപ്പ്
Transliteration: munnariyippu
Doctrine: Church Discipline Toward Divisive Persons
Original: νουθεσία
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:10 (νουθεσία). Paul’s prescribed first step (before withdrawing fellowship) in a two-step pastoral process; must read as relational/corrective, not punitive.
Integrity Dignity
Approved rendering: വിശുദ്ധി / ഗൗരവം
Transliteration: vishudhi / gauravam
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
Original: ἀφθορία / σεμνότης
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 2:7 (ἀφθορία/σεμνότης). Standard vocabulary, no significant collision risk.
Self Condemned
Approved rendering: സ്വയം കുറ്റക്കാരനായവൻ
Transliteration: svayam kuttakkaranayavan
Doctrine: Church Discipline Toward Divisive Persons
Original: αὐτοκατάκριτος
Category: Controversy
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:11 (αὐτοκατάκριτος), describing the divisive person after admonition has failed.
Unfruitful
Approved rendering: ഫലമില്ലാത്ത
Transliteration: phalamillatha
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ἄκαρπος
Category: Ethics
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:14 (ἄκαρπος), closing the letter’s good-works refrain with a warning against unproductive Christian living.
Elder Leader Vices Cluster
Approved rendering: ദുരഭിമാനി, കോപിഷ്ഠൻ, മദ്യപ്രിയൻ, അക്രമകാരി, ദ്രവ്യാഗ്രഹി, വ്യർത്ഥവാദി, വഞ്ചകൻ
Transliteration: duraabhimaani, kopishthan, madyapriyan, akramakaari, dravyaagrahi, vyarthavaadi, vanchakan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
NEW for Titus, grouped cluster (Titus 1:7-10 vice list: αὐθάδης, ὀργίλος, πάροινος, πλήκτης, αἰσχροκερδής, ματαιολόγος, φρεναπάτης). Standard, unambiguous modern Malayalam vocabulary; no significant syncretism or doctrinal-collision concern. Recorded as a batch rather than individually re-litigated.
Household Virtues Cluster
Approved rendering: സുബോധമുള്ള, മാന്യതയുള്ള, അതിഥിപ്രിയമുള്ള, നല്ലതിനെ ഇഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്ന, നിർമ്മലമായ, ഗൃഹകാര്യതല്പരയായ, ഭർത്താവിനെ സ്നേഹിക്കുന്ന, മക്കളെ സ്നേഹിക്കുന്ന, പ്രസാദകരമായ
Transliteration: subodhamulla, maanyathayulla, athithipriyamulla, nallathine ishtappedunna, nirmmalamaya, grihakaaryathalparayaaya, bharthaavine snehikkunna, makkale snehikkunna, prasaadakaramaya
Doctrine: Household Ethics and Missional Witness
NEW for Titus, grouped cluster (Titus 2:2-10 household virtues: νηφάλιος, σεμνός, φιλόξενος, φιλάγαθος, ἁγνός, οἰκουργός, φίλανδρος, φιλότεκνος, εὐάρεστος). Recorded as a batch; standard vocabulary, no collision risk.
Preconversion Vices Cluster
Approved rendering: ബോധമില്ലാത്ത, അനുസരണമില്ലാത്ത, വഴിതെറ്റിയ, ദുഷ്ടത, അസൂയ, വെറുക്കപ്പെട്ട
Transliteration: bodhamillatha, anusaranamillatha, vazhitettiya, dushtatha, asooya, verukkappetta
Doctrine: Christian Identity as Bondservant of God
NEW for Titus, grouped cluster (Titus 3:3 pre-conversion vices: ἀνόητος, ἀπειθής, πλανώμενος, κακία, φθόνος, στυγητός). The pre-conversion state Paul explicitly includes himself within (‘we too’), grounding grace’s humility. Recorded as a batch.
Peaceable Conduct Virtues Cluster
Approved rendering: കലഹമില്ലാത്ത, സൗമ്യഭാവമുള്ള, സൗമ്യത
Transliteration: kalahamillatha, saumyabhaavamulla, saumyatha
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
NEW for Titus, grouped cluster (Titus 3:2: ἄμαχος, ἐπιεικής, πραΰτης). Standard vocabulary, no collision risk. Recorded as a batch.
Titus Name
Approved rendering: തീത്തോസ്
Transliteration: theethos
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Recipient of the letter; standard Malayalam Bible transliteration. The book title itself follows the same established form: തീത്തൊസ് (see citation conventions in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md).
Crete Cretans
Approved rendering: ക്രേത്ത / ക്രേത്യർ
Transliteration: kretha / kretyar
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 1:5, 1:12 (the island and its people, including the Epimenides quotation about Cretan character).
Zenas
Approved rendering: സേനാസ്
Transliteration: senas
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:13, closing greetings.
Apollos
Approved rendering: അപ്പൊല്ലോസ്
Transliteration: appollos
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:13, closing greetings.
Artemas
Approved rendering: അർത്തെമാസ്
Transliteration: arthemas
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:12, closing instructions.
Tychicus
Approved rendering: തിഹിക്കൊസ്
Transliteration: thihikkos
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:12, closing instructions.
Nicopolis
Approved rendering: നിക്കൊപ്പൊലിസ്
Transliteration: nikkoppolis
Doctrine: Proper Name
NEW for Titus. Occurs at Titus 3:12, closing instructions.
Referenced passages