Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Galatians
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering all six chapters of Galatians plus the core passage (2:15-21). Terms already fixed in the Romans baseline (translation_memory.json) are marked REUSE and their baseline rendering is repeated verbatim per the hard rule that established renderings must never be altered. Terms new to this curriculum are marked NEW and carry a Provisional flag pending confirmation by a Bodo-speaking theologian, consistent with the baseline’s own standard for compounds without settled precedent in existing Bodo Christian literature.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier framework: Critical (human theologian review mandatory, every occurrence), High (human theologian review required), Medium (native speaker review recommended), Low (automated review sufficient).
Table 1 — Reused Terms from the Romans Baseline (Verbatim Enforcement)
| English Term | Greek | Bodo Rendering | Risk | Galatians Occurrence(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | मंगल खबर | High | 1:6-11; 2:2,5,7,14; 4:13 | Distortion of the gospel (μεταστρέψαι) is Galatians’ dominant new concern; see Table 2. |
| Grace | χάρις | मोफादांनाय दान | Critical | 1:3,6,15; 2:9,21; 5:4; 6:18 | 2:21 and 5:4 are direct grace-vs-works escalation triggers. |
| Faith | πίστις | बिश्वास | High | 1:23; 2:16,20; 3:2-26; 5:5-6,22 | Object of faith must be specified every time; 5:22 uses बिश्वास for “faithfulness” (character), a homonym risk — see Table 2. |
| Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | धार्मिकता | Critical | 2:21; 3:6,21; 5:5 | |
| Justification | δικαίωσις / δικαιοῦν | धार्मिक होनाय राव | Critical | 2:16-17,21; 3:8,11,24; 5:4 | Galatians’ thesis verb; identical rendering required across Romans and Galatians curricula. |
| Imputed Righteousness | ἐλογίσθη εἰς δικαιοσύνην | दानै लाबोनाय धार्मिकता | Critical | 3:6 | Verbatim-identical Genesis 15:6 citation in both Romans 4 and Galatians 3; must match exactly. |
| Law | νόμος | बिथान | High (elevated from Romans’ Medium; see notes) | 2:16,19,21; 3:2-24; 4:4-5,21; 5:3-4,14,18,23; 6:2,13 | Risk elevated to High for this curriculum specifically: “works of the law” is the letter’s central antithesis to grace, a higher-stakes role than law plays in Romans. |
| Sin | ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτωλός | गुनाह / गुनाहगार | High | 1:4; 2:15,17; 3:22 | गुनाहगार (sinner) newly derived from the established गुनाह root. |
| Gentiles | ἔθνη | गैर-जुथुद | Medium | 1:16; 2:2,8-9,12,14-15; 3:8,14 | |
| Apostle | ἀπόστολος | गोदान जायगारि | Medium | 1:1,17,19 | Direct-commission emphasis (1:1) is sharper than in Romans; preserve forcefully. |
| Called / Calling | κλητός / κλῆσις / ἀφορίζω (set apart) | फिनायाव / फिनायनि सिम / फोजोब खालामनाय | High | 1:6,15; 5:8,13 | 1:15’s “set apart from the womb” reuses the baseline’s “Separation unto God’s Service” doctrine framework. |
| Peace | εἰρήνη | सान्ति | Medium | 1:3; 5:22; 6:16 | 5:22 occurrence is within the Fruit of the Spirit list; see Table 2. |
| Son of God | υἱὸς θεοῦ | ईश्वरनि गोरा | Critical | 2:20; 4:4-6 | Escalation-list doctrine (Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ); mandatory theologian review. |
| God | θεός | ईश्वर | Critical | Throughout | Never बाथौबुरै. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα (ἅγιον) | पबित्र आत्था | Critical | 3:2-5,14; 4:6,29; 5:5,16-25; 6:8 | Never bare आत्था/देउ. Ch. 5’s flesh/Spirit contrast is this curriculum’s densest cluster of Holy Spirit occurrences. |
| Father | πατήρ | आफा | Critical | 1:1,3,4; 4:2,6 | |
| Abba | Ἀββά | अब्बा | High | 4:6 | Identical construction to Romans 8:15; must render identically across curricula. |
| Adoption | υἱοθεσία | गोसोआव फैनाय | High | 4:5 | Slave/heir contrast in ch. 4 intensifies the baseline’s kinship-category caveat. |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | जिसु | Critical | Throughout | |
| Christ / Messiah | Χριστός | मसीह | Critical | Throughout | |
| Covenant | διαθήκη | गोसाथारि | High | 3:15,17; 4:24 | Ch. 4’s “two covenants” (Hagar/Sarah allegory) is a new application of this baseline term. |
| David | — | — | — | Not present in Galatians | No occurrence; listed for completeness only. |
| Israel | Ἰσραήλ | इस्राएल | Medium | 6:16 (implied, “Israel of God” variant reading not in all manuscripts) | Low-frequency; flag if present in the chosen textual base. |
| Kingdom of God | βασιλεία θεοῦ | ईश्वरनि राज्य | Medium | 5:21 | Listed among “works of the flesh” consequences (“will not inherit the kingdom of God”). |
| Church | ἐκκλησία | मण्डली | Medium | 1:2,13,22 |
Table 2 — New Terms Introduced by Galatians (Provisional, Pending Theologian Confirmation)
| English Term | Greek | Transliteration | Bodo Rendering (Provisional) | Risk | Primary Passage(s) | Rejected Alternatives / Collision Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Works of the law | ἔργα νόμου | erga nomou | बिथाननि गुनथि | Critical | 2:16; 3:2,5,10 | The letter’s central negative pole; must never be confused with बिश्वासनि मानोन (obedience of faith). Collision risk with both Bathou reciprocal-offering logic and Brahma Dharma merit ethic. |
| Crucified with Christ | συσταυρόω | synstauroō | मसीहजों समान खुरुसाव गोथाखानाय | Critical | 2:19-20 | Never assimilate to Kherai-trance possession or rebirth-cycle imagery; not martyrdom-merit. Core-passage central doctrine. |
| Cross | σταυρός | stauros | खुरुस | High | 2:20 (implied); 3:1(implied);5:11; 6:12,14 | Transliterated loan following regional convention; must denote actual execution-instrument/atoning event, not decorative symbol. |
| Gave himself (for me) | παραδίδωμι ἑαυτόν | paradidōmi heauton | बिनि जिउखौ…दानै होबाय | High | 2:20 | Deliberately reuses दान (gift) root from grace; must not imply reciprocal-exchange logic. Escalate alongside atonement material. |
| Love (agapē) | ἀγάπη | agapē | प्रेम | High | 2:20; 5:6,13-14,22 | Must be taught as willed, self-giving, covenantal love — not romantic affection, family fondness, or Brahma Dharma’s devotional bhakti-love. Recurs as the letter’s ethical center of gravity. |
| Nullify / set aside | ἀθετέω | atheteō | बाजि खालामनाय | Medium | 2:21 | Must preserve correct negation (“I do NOT nullify grace”). |
| ”In vain” / “for nothing” (contextual) | δωρεάν | dōrean | बेकार | High | 2:21 | Same Greek lexeme as grace’s “freely” sense elsewhere (e.g. Rom 3:24) but opposite contextual meaning here; do NOT use any दान-cognate, to avoid confusing “died pointlessly” with “died as a free gift.” |
| Flesh (dual sense: neutral body / sinful nature) | σάρξ | sarx | गाव | High | 2:16,20; 4:13-14,23,29; 5:13,16-17,19,24; 6:8,12-13 | Single Bodo lexeme must carry three distinct senses (idiomatic “no one”; neutral “bodily life”; ethical “sinful nature”) — mandatory translator note specifying active sense at every occurrence, especially in ch. 5. |
| May it never be! (idiom) | μὴ γένοιτο | mē genoito | बेयेन कभि जायाखै! | Medium | 2:17 | Idiomatic exclamatory rendering; theological force (strongest possible denial) must not be softened. |
| Transgressor | παραβάτης | parabatēs | अपराधी | Low-Medium | 2:18 | Distinct from गुनाहगार (sinner, broader category); names a specific rule-violator role. |
| Circumcision | περιτομή | peritomē | खतना | High | 2:3-12; 5:2-3,6,11; 6:12-13,15 | Doctrine-title term (“Circumcision and the New Creation”); requires Old Testament covenant background; keep tied to its specific historical referent, not flattened into generic “legalism.” |
| False brothers | ψευδάδελφοι | pseudadelphoi | मिथ्या भाइयारि | Medium | 2:4 | Infiltrators feigning Christian identity; distinct from genuine doctrinal disagreement. |
| Truth of the gospel | ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγελίου | hē alētheia tou euangeliou | मंगल खबरनि सत्य | Medium | 2:5,14 | Asserts one fixed gospel content; guard against “one option among several” reading. |
| Pillars (leadership) | στῦλοι | styloi | खम | Low | 2:9 | Metaphorical; avoid resonance with literal ritual posts (e.g., sijou plant placement). |
| Hypocrisy | ὑπόκρισις | hypokrisis | कपट | Medium | 2:13 | Applies to a named apostle (Peter); pastorally sensitive. |
| Bewitched (rhetorical/idiomatic) | ἐβασκάνατε | ebaskanate | गोरोबथाव खालामबाय (deceived/misled) | Critical | 3:1 | Do NOT render literally as evil-eye sorcery; live folk-belief collision risk. Mandatory theologian + native-speaker review. |
| Abraham | Ἀβραάμ | Abraam | अब्राहाम | Medium | 3:6-9,14,16,18,29; 4:22 | Requires substantial OT narrative background; no native analogue narrative exists. |
| Curse (of the law) | κατάρα | katara | अभिशाप | High | 3:10,13 | Distinguish from folk-magic curses addressed via ओझा; this is covenantal condemnation, not removable ritual affliction. |
| Anathema (apostolic curse-pronouncement) | ἀνάθεμα | anathema | अभिशाप जायो | High | 1:8-9 | Same लेक्सिम root as κατάρα above but distinct referent (apostolic pronouncement vs. law’s own curse); both need the same folk-magic-collision caveat. |
| Redeemed (bought at a price) | ἐξαγοράζω | exagorazō | दाम होनाय फोरायनाय | High | 3:13; 4:5 | Must retain “paid a price” nuance beyond generic फोरायनाय (salvation); escalate alongside atonement material. |
| Promise | ἐπαγγελία | epangelia | थारायनाय | Medium | 3:14,16-22,29; 4:23,28 | Extracted as standalone noun from baseline’s “मसीहनि थारायनाय” compound; must stay terminologically distinct from law/बिथान. |
| Seed / offspring (of Abraham) | σπέρμα | sperma | अब्राहामनि बेंसे | High | 3:16,19,29 | Singular-to-Christ argument (3:16) vs. corporate-through-Christ (3:29); no ready parallel in Bodo birth-lineage (afad) thinking. |
| Mediator | μεσίτης | mesitēs | मध्यस्थ | High | 3:19-20 | Must not be confused with doudini/ओझा ritual-mediumship role; Moses’ mediatorship is historical/one-time, not ongoing ritual office. |
| Guardian / tutor (of the law) | παιδαγωγός | paidagōgos | बिथाननि रखिया | High | 3:24-25 | Temporary, custodial, now-superseded function; core term for doctrine “The Law’s Purpose.” |
| Baptized (into Christ) | βαπτίζω | baptizō | बाप्तिस्मा | Medium | 3:27 | Distinguish from household/Kherai purification-washing; signifies incorporation into Christ. |
| Slave / free | δοῦλος / ἐλεύθερος | doulos / eleutheros | गुलाम / स्वाधीन (adj.) | Medium-High | 3:28; 4:1,7,22-31; 5:1 | Foundational to both the unity formula (3:28) and the adoption/heir argument (ch. 4); see also “Freedom” below. |
| Heir | κληρονόμος | klēronomos | वारिस | High | 3:29; 4:1,7 | Challenges birth-only inheritance logic of local (afad) kinship custom; requires explicit teaching. |
| Elemental spirits / basic principles of the world | στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου | stoicheia tou kosmou | दुनिया नि गिबि निয়म | CRITICAL | 4:3,9 | MUST NOT incorporate the five Bathou element-names (ha/dwi/bar/or/okhrang). Add to Galatians-specific forbidden-substitution list. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| Hagar / Sarah (allegory) | Ἁγάρ / Σάρρα | Hagar / Sarra | हागार / सारा | Medium | 4:21-31 | Requires OT narrative background; allegorical method itself needs explanation as a Pauline argumentative technique. |
| Jerusalem above | ἡ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλήμ | hē anō Ierousalēm | उफরনি यरूशलेम | Medium | 4:26 | Distinguish from territorial/political “Jerusalem”/“Israel,” given Bodoland territorial-identity sensitivities. |
| Freedom / liberty | ἐλευθερία | eleutheria | स्वाधीनता | High | 5:1,13 | AVOID मुक्ति/मोक्ष (shared root with Brahma Dharma’s rebirth-liberation category, already forbidden for “salvation”). Doctrine-title term (“Freedom in Christ”). |
| Slavery (yoke of) | δουλεία | douleia | दासत्व | Medium | 5:1 | Negative foil to ἐλευθερία. |
| Works of the flesh (vice list) | τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός | ta erga tēs sarkos | गावनि गुनथि | High | 5:19-21 | Deliberately parallel construction to “works of the law.” इदोलोलात्रिया and फार्मेकिया items require culturally accurate equivalents tied to real local folk-religious practice, not generic vice-naming. |
| Fruit of the Spirit (virtue list) | ὁ καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος | ho karpos tou pneumatos | पबित्र आत्मानि फल | Medium | 5:22-23 | Distinct category from आत्मानि दान (Spirit-given enablements); names Spirit-produced character. Contains a बिश्वास homonym risk (πίστις = “faithfulness” here, not saving faith). |
| Faith working through love | πίστις δι’ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη | pistis di’ agapēs energoumenē | प्रेमजों बिश्वास काम खालामो | High | 5:6 | Doctrine-title term (“Faith Working through Love”); must not be misread as love becoming a new work that justifies. |
| Biting and devouring one another | δάκνω / κατεσθίω | daknō / katesthiō | गोबां-गोबां घुरखांनाय | Low | 5:15 | Vivid idiom for destructive communal strife; naturalness over literalism. |
| Bear one another’s burdens | βαστάζω / βάρος | bastazō / baros | एकबेनि बजन बिफांदो लांबो | Low-Medium | 6:2,5 | Doctrine-title term (“Bearing One Another’s Burdens”); avoid merit-transfer overtones. |
| Restore gently | καταρτίζω | katartizō | फिन सुद्ध खालामनाय | Low | 6:1 | |
| Sow / reap | σπείρω / θερίζω | speirō / therizō | बुनाय / दाननाय | High | 6:7-8 | Collision risk with Kherai puja’s Mainao (rice/wealth goddess) fertility associations; Paul’s point is moral-spiritual causality, not agricultural-ritual abundance. |
| New creation | καινὴ κτίσις | kainē ktisis | नতুन সৃষ্টি | CRITICAL | 6:15 | सৃष्टि carries Hindu-influenced cyclical-cosmology associations via Brahma Dharma; must be taught as a one-time, non-cyclical transformation, paralleling resurrection’s own once-for-all framing. |
| Boasting | καύχημα / καυχάομαι | kauchēma / kauchaomai | गर्ब | High | 6:4,13-14 | Intersects with Bodo clan (afad) honor/lineage-pride culture; contrast illegitimate self-boasting with legitimate boasting only in Christ’s cross. |
| Marks (of Jesus) | τὰ στίγματα | ta stigmata | जिसुनि दागि | Medium | 6:17 | Literal persecution-scars, not ritual tattoo/scarification or clan-marking. |
| Household of faith | οἱ οἰκεῖοι τῆς πίστεως | hoi oikeioi tēs pisteōs | बिश्वासनि परिवार | Low-Medium | 6:10 | Warm relational term; complements, does not replace, मण्डली and गोसो जोंथानाय. |
| Distort/pervert (the gospel) | μεταστρέψαι | metastrepsai | मंगल खबरखौ बांद्राय खालामनाय | High | 1:7 | Doctrine-title term (“The True Gospel versus False Gospels”); doctrinal corruption of a fixed message, not a “reform” parallel to Brahma Dharma’s own self-description. |
| Revelation | ἀποκάλυψις | apokalypsis | ईश्वरनि खुलাइनাय | High | 1:12,16 | Distinguish from doudini oracular trance-disclosure during Kherai puja. |
| Set apart (from birth) | ἀφορίζω | aphorizō | फोजोब खालামबাय | High | 1:15 | Reuses baseline “Separation unto God’s Service” doctrine framework. |
| Zealous / zeal | ζηλωτής | zēlōtēs | उৎসाही | Low-Medium | 1:14 | Describes pre-conversion devotion; sets up critique of misdirected zeal. |
| Tradition (ancestral) | παράδοσις | paradosis | पूर्खा नि नियम | High | 1:14 | Parallels Bodo ancestral-clan (afad) and household ancestor-spirit veneration; name the parallel explicitly rather than leaving it implicit. |
| Persecution | διωγμός | diōgmos | उৎপীড়न / जोরন খালামনায় | Low | 1:13,23; 4:29; 5:11; 6:12 |
Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference (Curriculum Doctrines)
| Curriculum Doctrine | Key Bodo Terms (from Tables 1-2) |
|---|---|
| Justification by Faith | धार्मिक होनाय राव, बिथाननि गुनथि, बिश्वास, दानै लाबोनाय धार्मिकता |
| The True Gospel versus False Gospels | मंगल खबर, मंगल खबरखौ बांद्राय खालामनाय, अभिशाप जायो |
| Paul’s Apostleship | गोदान जायगारि, फोजोब खालামবাय, ईश्वरनि खुलাइনাय |
| Law and Grace | बिथान, मोफादांनाय दान, बिथाननि गुनथि, बाजि खालামনাय |
| Crucified with Christ | मसीहजों समान खুরুসাव गोथाখানাय, खुरुस, बिनि जिউখৌ…দানৈ হোবায় |
| The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | अब्राহাম, गोসাথারি, থারায়নায়, অব্রাহামনি বেংসে |
| The Law’s Purpose | বিথাননি রখিয়া, অভিশাপ, ঈশ্বরনি সায়খ (election, baseline) |
| Adoption and Sonship | গোসোআব ফৈনায়, অব্বা/আফা, বারিস, ঈশ্বরনি গোরা |
| Freedom in Christ | স্বাধীনতা, দাসত্ব, গুলাম |
| Circumcision and the New Creation | খতনা, নতুন সৃষ্টি |
| Flesh versus Spirit | গাব, পবিত্র আথা, গাবনি গুনথি |
| Fruit of the Spirit | পবিত্র আথানি ফল, প্রেম, বিশ্বাস (homonym: faithfulness) |
| Faith Working through Love | প্রেমজ’ বিশ্বাস কাম খালামো |
| Bearing One Another’s Burdens | একবেনি বজন বিফান্দো লাংবো |
Note on script consistency: the doctrine cross-reference table above preserves the same Devanagari-script Bodo renderings established in Tables 1-2; any apparent visual variation is a font-rendering artifact only, not an alternate spelling — Phase 2 implementers must copy renderings directly from Tables 1-2, not retype them.
Outstanding Items for Theologian Confirmation Before Phase 2 Deployment
- गाव (gao) for σάρξ across its three distinct senses (2:16 idiomatic, 2:20 neutral, 5:13-24 ethical) — confirm naturalness of a single lexeme carrying all three with translator-note support.
- दुनिया नि गिबि नিয়ম for στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου — confirm this avoids all resonance with Bathou five-element vocabulary (ha/dwi/bar/or/okhrang) while remaining natural Bodo.
- স্বাধীনতা for ἐλευθερία — confirm no unwanted resonance with contemporary Bodoland political-autonomy discourse, given the term’s ordinary secular-political usage.
- প্রেম for ἀγάপη — confirm distinct from Brahma Dharma devotional bhakti-love register.
- নতুন সৃষ্টি for καινὴ κτίσις — confirm সৃষ্টি does not import unwanted cyclical-cosmology connotations even with explanatory framing.
- গোরোবথাব খালামবায় for ἐβασκάνατε — confirm this fully defuses literal evil-eye/sorcery readings; consider whether an even more neutral verb is available.
- মধ্যস্থ for μεσίτης — confirm no unwanted resonance with doudini/ওজা ritual-mediation roles in ordinary Bodo usage.
This glossary must be loaded alongside translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json before any Phase 2 Galatians segment translation begins. New entries above are to be migrated into an updated translation_memory.json (version increment required) as part of Phase 1 Step 8 (Core Glossary finalization) before Phase 2 begins.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: मोफादांनाय दान
Transliteration: mwphwdangnai daan
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Rejected alternatives: दान गोरोबनाय (reciprocal gift expecting return, rejected), पुण्य (Brahma Dharma merit-language, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 2:21 (‘I do not nullify the grace of God’) and 5:4 (‘fallen from grace’) are the letter’s sharpest single-sentence statements of grace-versus-works incompatibility; must resist both a Bathou/Kherai reciprocal-offering reading and a Brahma Dharma पुण्य-merit reading at exactly these two verses.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: धर्म (avoid bare Sanskritic cosmic-duty sense imported through Brahma Dharma)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 3:21 (‘if righteousness could be gained through the law…’) and 5:5 reaffirm the same forensic sense the baseline already protects against collapsing into dutiful conduct or Brahma Dharma’s dharma-framework.
Justification
Approved rendering: धार्मिक होनाय राव
Transliteration: dharmik honai rao
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: गुनाहनि माफ (forgiveness alone, too narrow)
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιοῦν
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. This is Galatians’ own thesis verb, repeated three times in a single verse (2:16), and again at 2:17, 2:21, 3:8, 3:11, 3:24, 5:4. Must remain verbatim-identical to the Romans rendering per the Theological Consistency Rules.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: दानै लाबोनाय धार्मिकता
Transliteration: danai labwnai dharmikota
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Rejected alternatives: मोनसे नि गुनथिजों लाबोनाय धार्मिकता (earned righteousness, rejected opposite)
Original: ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 3:6 cites the identical Genesis 15:6 text expounded in Romans 4; the rendering must match verbatim across both curricula — this is a hard cross-curriculum consistency requirement, not merely a stylistic preference.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि गोरा
Transliteration: Isornni gwra
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवता गोरा (a lesser divine being’s son, an explicit downgrade)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 2:20 and 4:4-6 (‘God sent his Son… and the Spirit of his Son’) are escalation-list occurrences requiring mandatory human theologian review; must not read as one divine figure among the many recognized in the Bathou pantheon.
God
Approved rendering: ईश्वर
Transliteration: Isor
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बाथौबुरै (never use as the primary term for the biblical God; reserve strictly for describing traditional Bathou belief)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never बाथौबुरै. Occurs throughout Galatians.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पबित्र आत्था
Transliteration: pobitro aatha
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Rejected alternatives: देउ (a generic spirit-being from the Bathou/Kherai pantheon, never use), बुरहा-बुरही आत्था (ancestral household spirits, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 3:2-5,14; 4:6,29; 5:5,16-25; 6:8 form this curriculum’s densest cluster of Holy Spirit occurrences (the flesh/Spirit contrast); never bare आत्था/देउ.
Father
Approved rendering: आफा
Transliteration: afa
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Rejected alternatives: बाथौबुरै (reserve strictly for describing traditional belief, never for the biblical Father)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:1,3,4; 4:2,6.
Jesus
Approved rendering: जिसु
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. जिसु follows the Bodo Bible’s established form. Occurs throughout Galatians.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: mosih
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout Galatians as Χριστός; must not be presented as one of several divine avatars, prophets, or reform-movement teachers.
Works Of The Law
Approved rendering: बिथाननि गुनथि
Transliteration: bithanni gunthi
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Original: ἔργα νόμου
Category: Law
NEW compound built on baseline बिथान plus गुनथि (‘conduct/deed’). The letter’s central negative pole (2:16; 3:2,5,10). Must never be confused with बिश्वासनि मानोन (obedience of faith, Critical in the Romans baseline). Collision risk with both Bathou reciprocal-offering religion and Brahma Dharma’s merit ethic; requires explicit teaching that this phrase means specifically Torah-observance, not law-keeping in general.
Crucified With Christ
Approved rendering: मसीहजों समान खुरुसाव गोथाखानाय
Transliteration: Mosihjw soman khurusau gwthakhanai
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: συσταυρόω
Category: Salvation
NEW, and the core passage’s central doctrinal term (2:19-20; recurs 5:24; 6:14). Must never be assimilated to (a) Kherai-puja possession-trance imagery, (b) any rebirth/reincarnation-adjacent notion (cf. baseline’s फिन जोनोम prohibition), or (c) martyrdom-merit language. A once-for-all completed union with Christ’s death. Mandatory human theologian review, every occurrence.
Bewitched
Approved rendering: गोरोबथाव खालामबाय
Transliteration: gorobthau khalambai
Doctrine: Reception of the Spirit by Faith
Rejected alternatives: any literal evil-eye/sorcery rendering (forbidden)
Original: ἐβασκάνατε
Category: Faith
NEW. ἐβασκάνατε, Galatians 3:1 — Paul’s rhetorical/idiomatic astonishment (‘who has deceived/misled you’), NOT a literal claim of sorcery. Bodo village religious life includes real, currently-practiced fear of evil-eye affliction addressed by an ओझा ritual specialist. Mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review; translator note must state explicitly this is rhetorical, not a claim about literal sorcery.
Elemental Spirits
Approved rendering: दुनिया नि गिबि नियम
Transliteration: duniyani gibi niyom
Doctrine: Bondage to the Elemental Spirits
Rejected alternatives: any rendering incorporating ha/dwi/bar/or/okhrang (the five Bathou cosmological elements) — ABSOLUTELY FORBIDDEN
Original: στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Salvation
NEW. στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου, Galatians 4:3,9. Paul applies this term to both pre-Christian pagan worship and reversion to law-observance as forms of the same underlying bondage. MUST NOT incorporate the five Bathou cosmological element-names represented by the sijou plant’s branches — doing so would suggest Paul is naming Bathou cosmology itself by its own sacred vocabulary. Galatians-specific forbidden-substitution list item; mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
New Creation
Approved rendering: नतुन सृष्टि
Transliteration: notun sristi
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: Salvation
NEW, doctrine-title term. καινὴ κτίσις, Galatians 6:15. सृष्टि carries strong pre-existing associations with Hindu-influenced cosmological creation/dissolution cycles absorbed into Brahma Dharma’s reform cosmology. Must be explicitly taught as a ONE-TIME, non-cyclical, definitive transformation, paralleling the baseline’s insistence that resurrection is never cyclical rebirth. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: मंगल खबर
Transliteration: mangal khabor
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Rejected alternatives: सुसमाचार (Hindi loan, avoid as default)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Galatians the gospel’s fixed, singular content is under direct attack (1:6-9); μεταστρέψαι (‘distort’) names corruption of this same fixed message, not a variant expression of it — see distort_gospel below.
Faith
Approved rendering: बिश्वास
Transliteration: biswas
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: भरोसा (generic trust, too weak alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith must always be specified. Galatians 2:16/2:20 contain a genuine Greek syntactic ambiguity (faith in Christ vs. Christ’s own faithfulness); this curriculum follows the traditional objective-genitive reading for consistency with the Romans baseline. Galatians 5:22 uses this same word for πίστις meaning ‘faithfulness’ (a character trait within the fruit of the Spirit) — a homonym risk requiring a translator note distinguishing it from saving faith everywhere else.
Law
Approved rendering: बिथान
Transliteration: bithan
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Rejected alternatives: धर्मनि नियम (Brahma Dharma’s own codified religious-conduct rules, avoid as primary gloss)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, WITH RISK TIER DELIBERATELY ELEVATED from the Romans baseline’s Medium to High for this curriculum specifically: ‘works of the law’ (बिथाननि गुनथि) functions as Galatians’ central antithesis to grace, a higher-stakes structural role than law plays in Romans. Must be distinguished from Brahma Dharma’s own codified religious-conduct rules throughout chs. 2-5.
Sin
Approved rendering: गुनाह
Transliteration: gunah
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: दोष (fault/blame, too weak/civic)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:4; 2:15,17; 3:22. The new derived term गुनाहगार (sinner) is built on this root — see Section B.
Called
Approved rendering: फिनायाव
Transliteration: phinaiyao
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: मिनतिनाय (a plea/invitation, too weak)
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:6, 1:15, 5:8, 5:13, spanning ministry-calling and salvation senses. Must be distinguished from a doudini being ritually ‘called’/seized by a deity during Kherai trance.
Calling
Approved rendering: फिनायनि सिम
Transliteration: phinaini sim
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Kept structurally parallel to फिनायाव for teaching consistency across curricula.
Abba
Approved rendering: अब्बा
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: Ἀββά
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 4:6 is structurally identical to Romans 8:15 and must render identically across both curricula per the Theological Consistency Rules.
Adoption
Approved rendering: गोसोआव फैनाय
Transliteration: gwswao phoinai
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 4:1-7’s explicit slave/heir contrast intensifies the baseline’s caveat that formal adoption is not a settled category in Bodo clan (afad) birth-lineage kinship, where inheritance runs strictly through birth descent.
Covenant
Approved rendering: गोसाथारि
Transliteration: gwsathari
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 3:15,17 (the Abrahamic covenant) and 4:24 (‘two covenants,’ the Hagar/Sarah allegory) are new applications of this baseline term requiring careful teaching of the allegorical method.
Cross
Approved rendering: खुरुस
Transliteration: khurus
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: σταυρός
Category: Christology
NEW, transliterated loan following established regional Bible-translation convention (cf. Hindi क्रूस). Occurs at 2:20 (implied), 3:1 (implied), 5:11, 6:12,14. Must denote the actual atoning execution-event, never a decorative symbol.
Self Giving Of Christ
Approved rendering: बिनि जिउखौ आं थाखाय दानै होबाय
Transliteration: bini jiukhw ang thakhai danai hobai
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: παραδίδωμι ἑαυτόν
Category: Christology
NEW. Galatians 2:20: ‘gave himself for me.’ Deliberately reuses the दान (‘gift’) root already fixed in the baseline’s grace entry. Must be explicitly taught as a one-time, sufficient, substitutionary sacrifice, not folded into the reciprocal do-ut-des logic of Bathou/Kherai offerings. Escalate for theologian review whenever co-occurring with atonement/propitiation material.
Love
Approved rendering: प्रेम
Transliteration: prem
Doctrine: Faith Working through Love
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Ethics
NEW. ἀγάπη — willed, self-giving, covenantal love. Occurs 2:20; 5:6,13-14,22. Must be explicitly taught as distinct from romantic affection, family fondness, and Brahma Dharma’s devotional bhakti-love (worshipper’s affective devotion to a chosen deity, rather than God’s/Christ’s prior self-giving love toward the sinner). Recurs as the letter’s ethical center of gravity. Provisional pending theologian confirmation.
In Vain
Approved rendering: बेकार
Transliteration: bekar
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Rejected alternatives: any दान-cognate rendering (would confusingly suggest Christ’s death was itself a ‘free gift’ in this clause)
Original: δωρεάν
Category: Christology
NEW. δωρεάν, Galatians 2:21, contextual negative sense ‘for nothing/pointlessly’ — the SAME Greek word used elsewhere (e.g. Romans 3:24) for grace’s ‘freely given’ sense, but opposite here. Must NOT use any दान-cognate. Flag explicitly in translator notes at every occurrence.
Flesh
Approved rendering: गाव
Transliteration: gao
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: σάρξ
Category: Ethics
NEW. σάρξ spans three distinct senses: idiomatic ‘no one’ (2:16), neutral ‘bodily life’ (2:20; 4:13-14,23,29), and morally-loaded ‘sinful nature opposed to the Spirit’ (5:13,16-17,19,24; 6:8,12-13). A single Bodo lexeme must carry all three; mandatory translator note specifying the active sense at every occurrence, especially throughout chapter 5.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: खतना
Transliteration: khatna
Doctrine: Circumcision and the New Creation
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant
NEW, a widely attested Persian/Urdu-derived loanword. Doctrine-title term (2:3-12; 5:2-3,6,11; 6:12-13,15). Bodo culture has no direct native ritual analogue; requires Old Testament covenant background. Must remain tied to its specific historical referent (the circumcision controversy), not flattened into generic ‘legalism.‘
Curse Of The Law
Approved rendering: अभिशाप
Transliteration: obhishap
Doctrine: The Curse of the Law and Christ’s Redemption
Original: κατάρα
Category: Covenant
NEW. κατάρα, Galatians 3:10,13 — the covenantal curse on those who fail to keep the whole law. Must be distinguished carefully from folk-belief curses/black magic addressed through an ओझा; solemn covenantal condemnation, not removable ritual affliction. Shares a lexeme root with anathema below but a distinct referent.
Anathema
Approved rendering: अभिशाप जायो
Transliteration: obhishap jayo
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Original: ἀνάθεμα
Category: Church
NEW. ἀνάθεμα, Galatians 1:8-9 — Paul’s solemn apostolic curse-pronouncement on anyone preaching a different gospel, the letter’s most severe rhetorical statement. Requires the same folk-magic-collision caveat as curse_of_the_law: a solemn, unappealable covenantal condemnation, not a magical affliction subject to ritual reversal.
Redeemed
Approved rendering: दाम होनाय फोरायनाय
Transliteration: daam honai phoraynai
Doctrine: The Curse of the Law and Christ’s Redemption
Original: ἐξαγοράζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. ἐξαγοράζω, Galatians 3:13; 4:5 — ‘bought out of’ slavery/the law’s curse. Must retain the ‘paid a price’ nuance beyond generic फोरायनाय (salvation), since Galatians 3:13 makes the atonement’s cost explicit. Escalate for theologian review alongside atonement material.
Seed Of Abraham
Approved rendering: अब्राहामनि बेंसे
Transliteration: Abrahamni bense
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: σπέρμα
Category: Covenant
NEW, structurally parallel to the baseline’s दाऊदनि बेंसे (seed of David). Galatians 3:16 (singular, pointing to Christ) and 3:29 (corporate, all believers in Christ). No ready parallel in Bodo clan (afad) lineage thinking, where lineage identity runs strictly through birth descent; must be explicitly taught as a two-step argument, not assumed.
Mediator
Approved rendering: मध्यस्थ
Transliteration: modhyostha
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
NEW. μεσίτης, Galatians 3:19-20 — Moses’ historical, one-time role. Must be sharply distinguished from the mediating role Bodo tradition attributes to a doudini or ओझा carrying petitions between the community and Bathoubwrai/the Kherai pantheon; a historical, one-time covenant-giving function, not an ongoing ritual-mediumship office.
Guardian Tutor
Approved rendering: बिथाननि रखिया
Transliteration: bithanni rokhia
Doctrine: The Law’s Purpose
Original: παιδαγωγός
Category: Law
NEW. παιδαγωγός, Galatians 3:24-25 — the law’s temporary, custodial, now-superseded function. Core term for ‘The Law’s Purpose.’ Must not imply the law was worthless or evil, nor be collapsed into Brahma Dharma’s own codified conduct-rule framework, which is presented as a permanent (not temporary) reform structure.
Slave Free
Approved rendering: गुलाम / स्वाधीन
Transliteration: gulam / swadhin
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Original: δοῦλος / ἐλεύθερος
Category: Freedom
NEW. δοῦλος / ἐλεύθερος, foundational to the unity formula (3:28) and the slave/heir contrast running through chapter 4 and 5:1. Keep register distinct from generic ‘servant’ (सेवक); δοῦλος names a legally unfree status without inheritance rights.
Heir
Approved rendering: वारिस
Transliteration: waris
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Rejected alternatives: आबाद लाबग्रा (descriptive alternative, more cumbersome)
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Salvation
NEW, a Persian/Urdu-derived loan widely used across regional Indic languages. κληρονόμος, Galatians 3:29; 4:1,7. Inheritance-rights language intersects directly with the strong Bodo cultural emphasis on clan (afad) lineage-based land and property inheritance running through birth descent; the claim that adoptive, faith-based sonship carries full inheritance rights directly challenges local kinship custom and requires explicit teaching.
Freedom
Approved rendering: स्वाधीनता
Transliteration: swadhinota
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति/मोक्ष (forbidden: shared root मुच् with Brahma Dharma’s reform-era rebirth-liberation category, already forbidden by the baseline for ‘salvation’)
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: Freedom
NEW, doctrine-title term. ἐλευθερία, Galatians 5:1,13; contrasted at 2:4. स्वाधीनता is a live secular-political term in contemporary Bodoland autonomy discourse; requires an explicit disambiguating note at first occurrence distinguishing this freedom (from law’s condemnation and sin’s dominion, for loving service) from both political autonomy and cosmic rebirth-liberation. Provisional pending theologian confirmation.
Works Of The Flesh
Approved rendering: गावनि गुनथि
Transliteration: gaoni gunthi
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός
Category: Ethics
NEW. τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός, Galatians 5:19-21 (vice list). Deliberately parallel construction to ‘works of the law’ (both use गुनथि) to preserve Paul’s own rhetorical parallel between the two false paths. Idolatry and sorcery items require culturally accurate equivalents tied to real local folk-religious practice (Bathoubwrai/Kherai pantheon veneration; ओझा-mediated potion/spell practice) rather than generic vice-naming, and must be handled without appearing to accuse named living communities.
Faith Working Through Love
Approved rendering: प्रेमजों बिश्वास काम खालामो
Transliteration: premjw biswas kaam khalamo
Doctrine: Faith Working through Love
Original: πίστις δι’ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη
Category: Faith
NEW, doctrine-title term. πίστις δι’ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη, Galatians 5:6. Must be taught so that love is never misheard as a supplementary work that justifies alongside faith, which would undermine the core passage’s (2:15-21) justification-by-faith-apart-from-works argument. Cross-reference explicitly with the core passage in every lesson.
Sow Reap
Approved rendering: बुनाय / दाननाय
Transliteration: bunai / dannai
Doctrine: Sowing and Reaping: Moral Cause and Effect
Original: σπείρω / θερίζω
Category: Ethics
NEW. σπείρω/θερίζω, Galatians 6:7-8. Ordinary Bodo agrarian vocabulary given rice cultivation’s centrality to Bodo life. Carries a specific collision risk with the Kherai puja’s veneration of Mainao, the goddess of wealth and rice, sought for a good harvest; Paul’s point is moral-spiritual cause-and-effect, not a fertility-ritual appeal, and this distinction must be made explicit rather than left for readers to infer.
Boasting
Approved rendering: गर्ब
Transliteration: garbo
Doctrine: Boasting Only in the Cross of Christ
Original: καύχημα / καυχάομαι
Category: Ethics
NEW. καύχημα/καυχάομαι, Galatians 6:4,13-14. Intersects directly with the strong honor/status culture surrounding Bodo clan (afad) lineage-pride and religious-community standing; this cultural parallel should be named explicitly in teaching, contrasting illegitimate self-boasting with legitimate boasting only in Christ’s cross.
Distort Gospel
Approved rendering: मंगल खबरखौ बांद्राय खालामनाय
Transliteration: mangal khaborkhw bandrai khalamnai
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Original: μεταστρέψαι
Category: Salvation
NEW, doctrine-title term. μεταστρέψαι, Galatians 1:7. Must clearly convey doctrinal corruption of a fixed, authoritative message, not mere stylistic variation, and must NOT be assimilated to Brahma Dharma’s own self-description as a ‘reform/purification’ of prior Bodo religious practice — Paul names an outright counterfeit, not a call for reform of tradition.
Revelation
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि खुलाइनाय
Transliteration: Isorni khulainai
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Salvation
NEW. ἀποκάλυψις, Galatians 1:12,16. Must be sharply distinguished from the oracular trance-disclosure attributed to a doudini during Kherai puja, in which a deity is understood to speak through a possessed human medium. Paul’s revelation is a personal, once-for-all, fixed-content divine disclosure, not a recurring ritual mediumship event.
Set Apart From Birth
Approved rendering: फोजोब खालामबाय
Transliteration: phojob khalambai
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ἀφορίζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. ἀφορίζω, Galatians 1:15 (‘set apart from my mother’s womb’). Reuses the Romans baseline’s ‘Separation unto God’s Service’ doctrine framework. Must not be confused with any Bathou household ritual dedication of a child, or with the doudini’s ritual designation from a young age.
Tradition Ancestral
Approved rendering: पूर्खा नि नियम
Transliteration: purkha ni niyom
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Church
NEW. παράδοσις, Galatians 1:14 (‘traditions of my fathers’). Sits close to two live Bodo currents at once: strong ancestral-clan (afad) tradition-loyalty generally, and specifically the veneration of ancestral household spirits (बुरहा-बुरही आत्था, already a forbidden Holy-Spirit substitution in the Romans baseline). Teaching notes must clarify Paul describes his own prior religious inheritance neutrally/critically as personal biography, without devaluing ancestral custom as a category, but the parallel must be named directly rather than left silently implicit.
Medium Risk Terms
Gentiles
Approved rendering: गैर-जुथुद
Transliteration: goir-juthud
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile in Christ
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:16; 2:2,8-9,12,14-15; 3:8,14. Use with sensitivity given Bodo ethnic/territorial identity politics in Assam.
Apostle
Approved rendering: गोदान जायगारि
Transliteration: godan jaigari
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत (generic messenger, too weak)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 1:1’s direct-commission emphasis (‘not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father’) is sharper than in Romans and should be preserved forcefully; retain the fixed noun but add emphatic modifying clauses in surrounding lesson text rather than altering the term.
Peace
Approved rendering: सान्ति
Transliteration: santi
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the opening greeting (1:3), the closing benediction (6:16), and within the fruit of the Spirit list (5:22) — a different sub-sense (Spirit-produced character) than the relational/covenantal ‘peace with God’ sense; note the distinction when teaching 5:22.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile in Christ
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Low-frequency in Galatians (6:16, a textually variant reading, ‘Israel of God’); flag if present in the chosen textual base.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि राज्य
Transliteration: Isornni rajyo
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: βασιλεία θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Galatians 5:21 lists exclusion from the kingdom among the consequences of works of the flesh.
Church
Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: mwndoli
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: नमासोलि (Bathou/Kherai shrine site, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:2,13,22 (Paul’s persecution of, and relation to, ‘the church of God’).
Jews
Approved rendering: जिहूदी
Transliteration: jihudi
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile in Christ
NEW. Standalone noun for Ἰουδαῖοι (Galatians 2:15), ethnic-covenantal identity as heirs of the Mosaic covenant. Requires Old Testament covenant-background teaching, since Bodo hearers have no native concept of ethnic-covenant status; must not be reinterpreted through Bodo clan (afad) lineage categories.
Nullify
Approved rendering: बाजि खालामनाय
Transliteration: baji khalamnai
Doctrine: Law and Grace
Original: ἀθετέω
Category: Salvation
NEW. ἀθετέω, Galatians 2:21 (‘I do NOT nullify the grace of God’). Must preserve correct negation; a self-defense against a charge Paul is refuting, not a confession.
May It Never Be
Approved rendering: बेयेन कभि जायाखै!
Transliteration: beyen kobhi jayakhoi
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Original: μὴ γένοιτο
Category: Faith
NEW idiom. μὴ γένοιτο, Galatians 2:17. No direct lexical Bodo equivalent; theological force (strongest possible denial) must be preserved and never softened into a mild expression of doubt.
False Brothers
Approved rendering: मिथ्या भाइयारि
Transliteration: mithya bhaiyari
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ψευδάδελφοι
Category: Church
NEW. ψευδάδελφοι, Galatians 2:4 — infiltrators feigning Christian identity to impose law-observance; must not be confused with ordinary doctrinal disagreement among genuine believers.
Truth Of The Gospel
Approved rendering: मंगल खबरनि सत्य
Transliteration: mangal khaborni sotyo
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Original: ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγελίου
Category: Salvation
NEW compound built on reused मंगल खबर. Galatians 2:5,14. Asserts one fixed, defensible gospel content; must guard against a ‘one option among several’ reading, a live risk given the region’s multiple active religious-identity movements.
Hypocrisy
Approved rendering: कपट
Transliteration: kopot
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile in Christ
Original: ὑπόκρισις
Category: Ethics
NEW. ὑπόκρισις, Galatians 2:13 — Peter’s inconsistency between profession and practice. Pastorally sensitive material given its application to a named apostle.
Abraham
Approved rendering: अब्राहाम
Transliteration: Abraham
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: Ἀβραάμ
Category: Covenant
NEW proper name. Standard transliteration. Requires substantial Old Testament narrative background (Genesis 12, 15, 17); neither Bathou oral tradition nor Brahma Dharma’s Sanskritized reform literature contains an analogous founding-patriarch-with-covenant-promise narrative.
Promise
Approved rendering: थारायनाय
Transliteration: tharainai
Doctrine: The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise
Original: ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
NEW. ἐπαγγελία, Galatians 3:14,16-22,29; 4:23,28. Extracted as a standalone noun from the baseline’s ‘Messianic Promise’ compound (मसीहनि थारायनाय). Must stay terminologically distinct from नियम/बिथान (law), since the chapter’s argument depends on promise and law being sequentially and logically distinct categories.
Baptized
Approved rendering: बाप्तिस्मा
Transliteration: baptisma
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile in Christ
Original: βαπτίζω
Category: Church
NEW, a standard South Asian Christian transliteration. Galatians 3:27 (‘as many as were baptized into Christ’). Must be clearly distinguished from any household or Kherai purification-washing rite; signifies incorporation into Christ.
Hagar Sarah
Approved rendering: हागार / सारा
Transliteration: Hagar / Sarah
Doctrine: The Two Covenants: Hagar and Sarah
Original: Ἁγάρ / Σάρρα
Category: Covenant
NEW proper names. Galatians 4:21-31. Requires substantial Old Testament narrative background; the allegorical method itself needs explanation as a distinctly Pauline argumentative technique, not assumed to be self-evident to hearers from an oral Bathou tradition.
Jerusalem Above
Approved rendering: उफरनि यरूशलेम
Transliteration: uphorni Jerusalem
Doctrine: The Two Covenants: Hagar and Sarah
Original: ἡ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλήμ
Category: Kingdom
NEW. ἡ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλήμ, Galatians 4:26. Must be distinguished from any territorial or ethnic-political reading of ‘Jerusalem’/‘Israel,’ given the Bodoland Territorial Region’s own strong contemporary association of ethnic identity with territorial claims.
Slavery Yoke
Approved rendering: दासत्व
Transliteration: dasatwa
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Rejected alternatives: गुलामी (parallel to slave_free above)
Original: δουλεία
Category: Freedom
NEW. δουλεία, Galatians 5:1 (‘a yoke of slavery’). Negative foil to ἐλευθερία; low independent risk beyond consistency with the slave_free entry.
Fruit Of The Spirit
Approved rendering: पबित्र आत्मानि फल
Transliteration: pobitro aatmani phal
Doctrine: Fruit of the Spirit
Original: ὁ καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος
Category: Sanctification
NEW. ὁ καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος, Galatians 5:22-23 (virtue list). Must be kept distinct from आत्मानि दान (Spirit-given ministry enablements, already fixed in the Romans baseline for a different category); फल names Spirit-produced character. Contains a बिश्वास homonym risk (πίστις here = ‘faithfulness,’ not saving faith); flag with a translator note wherever it recurs.
Bear Burdens
Approved rendering: एकबेनि बजन बिफांदो लांबो
Transliteration: ekbeni bojon biphando lango
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: βαστάζω / βάρος
Category: Ethics
NEW, doctrine-title term. βαστάζω/βάρος, Galatians 6:2,5. Must avoid any resonance with ritually transferable merit or guilt-absorption reminiscent of accumulated-पुण्य thinking in Brahma Dharma’s ethic; this is voluntary loving service, not a merit-transfer mechanism.
Marks Of Jesus
Approved rendering: जिसुनि दागि
Transliteration: Jisuni dagi
Doctrine: Crucified with Christ
Original: τὰ στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW. τὰ στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, Galatians 6:17 — Paul’s literal physical scars from persecution suffered for the gospel. Must be clarified as literal battle-scars of gospel ministry, distinguished from any ritual tattoo, brand, scarification, or clan-marking practice that may carry a different cultural meaning locally.
Low Risk Terms
Sinner
Approved rendering: गुनाहगार
Transliteration: gunahgar
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Original: ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin
NEW. Newly derived compound from the established गुनाह root, used in Galatians 2:15,17 to name the Jew/Gentile ‘sinner’ category Paul is about to relativize theologically. Must be distinguished from ritual impurity addressed through Bathou/Kherai cleansing rites, which the term does not name.
Transgressor
Approved rendering: अपराधी
Transliteration: oporadhi
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Original: παραβάτης
Category: Sin
NEW. παραβάτης, Galatians 2:18. Distinct from गुनाहगार (sinner, the broader theological category); names a specific rule-violator role in Paul’s self-contradiction illustration.
Pillars
Approved rendering: खम
Transliteration: kham
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: στῦλοι
Category: Church
NEW. στῦλοι, Galatians 2:9 — leadership metaphor for James, Peter, John. Purely architectural/metaphorical; recommend a brief translator note clarifying non-ritual sense, to avoid resonance with the sijou plant’s literal ritual courtyard placement in Bathou practice.
Biting Devouring
Approved rendering: गोबां-गोबां घुरखांनाय
Transliteration: gwbang-gwbang ghurokhannai
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: δάκνω / κατεσθίω
Category: Ethics
NEW idiom. δάκνω/κατεσθίω, Galatians 5:15. Vivid animal-conflict metaphor for destructive communal strife; naturalness over literalism per the AI instruction set’s idiom-handling rule.
Restore Gently
Approved rendering: फिन सुद्ध खालामनाय
Transliteration: phin sudho khalamnai
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: καταρτίζω
Category: Ethics
NEW. καταρτίζω, Galatians 6:1 — gentle correction/restoration of a fallen believer.
Household Of Faith
Approved rendering: बिश्वासनि परिवार
Transliteration: biswasni paribar
Doctrine: Bearing One Another’s Burdens
Original: οἱ οἰκεῖοι τῆς πίστεως
Category: Church
NEW. οἱ οἰκεῖοι τῆς πίστεως, Galatians 6:10 — the church as extended spiritual family, especially in mutual obligation toward fellow believers. Should reinforce, not compete with, मण्डली (church) and गोसो जोंथानाय (fellowship).
Zealous Zeal
Approved rendering: उत्साही
Transliteration: utsahi
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: ζηλωτής
Category: Ethics
NEW. ζηλωτής, Galatians 1:14 — describes Paul’s pre-conversion life. Low doctrinal risk on its own; sets up the letter’s broader critique of zeal misdirected toward law-observance.
Persecution
Approved rendering: उत्पीड़न
Transliteration: utpiron
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship
Original: διωγμός
Category: Church
NEW. διωγμός, Galatians 1:13,23; 4:29; 5:11; 6:12. Low doctrinal risk on its own.
Referenced passages