Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Mark 1–16

#	Term (English)	Greek / transliteration	Category	Risk	Bodo rendering	Status	Chapters cited	Rationale / collision note
1	Gospel	εὐαγγέλιον / euangelion	Christology/Salvation	High	मंगल खबर	[Romans TM] reuse	1, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16	Reuse exactly; distinguish from Brahma Dharma reform “good tidings” rhetoric.
2	Son of God	υἱὸς θεοῦ / huios theou	Christology	Critical	ईश्वरनि गोरा	[Romans TM] reuse	1, 3, 5, 9, 15	Narrative climax at 15:39; must remain visibly distinct from “Son of Man” (below).
3	Son of Man	ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου / ho huios tou anthrōpou	Christology / Messianic Secret	Critical	मानसि गोरा	NEW / provisional	2, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14	Core to Messianic Secret; risk of merging with Son of God (loses Mark’s deliberate title-distinction) or flattening into “mere human” (loses Dan 7 authority/glory sense). Human theologian review at every occurrence.
4	Baptism / baptize	βάπτισμα, βαπτίζω / baptisma, baptizō	Sacramental/Ecclesial	High	बाप्तिस्मा	NEW / provisional	1, 10, 16	Must be distinguished from Bathou/Kherai household ritual water-cleansing rites preceding ceremonies.
5	Repentance	μετάνοια, μετανοέω / metanoia, metanoeō	Salvation	High	मन सोलायनाय	NEW / provisional	1, 6	Distinguish personal, moral, God-ward turning from Brahma Dharma’s corporate Sanskritizing “reform” turning.
6	Unclean spirit / demon	πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον, δαιμόνιον / pneuma akatharton, daimonion	Spiritual Conflict	Critical	गुनाह आत्था	NEW / provisional	1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9	Must be sharply distinguished from देउ (Bathou/Kherai nature-and-ancestral spirits, ritually placated); never bare आत्था. Demons in Mark are hostile, expelled by command, not negotiated with.
7	Authority	ἐξουσία / exousia	Authority over Sickness, Sin, Nature	High	अधिकार	NEW / provisional	1, 2, 6, 10, 11	Distinguish Jesus’ inherent, continuous authority from a doudini’s temporary, trance-derived ritual empowerment.
8	Leprosy / skin disease	λέπρα, λεπρός / lepra, lepros	Authority over Sickness	Medium	गादा रोग	NEW / provisional	1	Descriptive; distinguish miraculous cleansing from ritual purity restoration.
9	Forgive sins	ἀφίημι + ἁμαρτίας / aphiēmi + hamartias	Salvation/Christology	High	गुनाह माफनाय	NEW / provisional, builds on [Romans TM: sin = गुनाह]	2	Presented in Mark as a divine prerogative claim (2:7,10); teach alongside Son-of-Man/Deity-of-Christ vocabulary.
10	Scribes	γραμματεῖς / grammateis	Religious Setting	Low-Medium	शास्त्री	NEW / provisional	2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15	Recognizable legal-scholar class; distinguish from Bathou/Kherai ritual specialists (doudini, ojha).
11	Pharisees	Φαρισαῖοι / Pharisaioi	Religious Setting	Low	फरीसी	NEW, transliteration	2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 12	Proper-noun-like transliteration; no native equivalent needed.
12	Sabbath	σάββατον / sabbaton	Covenant/Law	Medium	सबथ दिन	NEW, transliteration + gloss	2, 3	Mosaic-Law institution with no Bathou/Brahma Dharma equivalent; needs OT background, consistent with [Romans TM: law = बिथान] notes.
13	Apostle	ἀπόστολος / apostolos	Church	Medium	गोदान जायगारि	[Romans TM] reuse	3, 6	Reuse exactly.
14	Blasphemy	βλασφημία / blasphēmia	Theology Proper	High	ईश्वरनि बेयान्थि रायनाय	NEW / provisional	3, 14	Persistent, willful rejection of the Spirit’s/Son’s clearly-evidenced work; not casual irreverence.
15	Parable	παραβολή / parabolē	Kingdom / Messianic Secret	Medium	निदर्शन कथा	NEW / provisional	4	Distinguish from generic Bodo oral-folktale moral-fable genre; parables veil as well as reveal.
16	Mystery / secret (of the kingdom)	μυστήριον / mystērion	Messianic Secret	High	रहस्य	NEW / provisional	4	Named collision: Hindu/Brahma-Dharma “rahasya” implies esoteric attainment through initiation; Mark’s mystery is sovereignly given, not earned.
17	Faith	πίστις / pistis	Faith / Discipleship	High	बिश्वास	[Romans TM] reuse	2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11	Reuse exactly; object of faith (Jesus) must always be contextually explicit.
18	Salvation / save / heal	σωτηρία / σῴζω / sōtēria / sōzō	Salvation	Critical	फोरायनाय	[Romans TM] reuse, extended sense-note	5, 8, 10, 13	Mark deliberately links physical-healing σῴζω to eschatological salvation vocabulary; teach the connection without collapsing the fuller sense reserved for फोरायनाय.
19	Prophet	προφήτης / prophētēs	Covenant	Low	भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा	[Romans TM] reuse	6	Reuse exactly; distinct from ओझा.
20	Tradition (of men)	παράδοσις / paradosis	Church / Law	Medium-High	आदा-बादिनि नियम	NEW / provisional	7	Warning against elevating any human religious system above God’s command; relevant to both Bathou custom and Brahma Dharma codified reform tradition.
21	Defile / unclean (moral)	κοινός, κοινόω / koinos, koinoō	Sanctification / Purity	High	(uses साफ/पबित्र distinction)	NEW application of existing baseline distinction	7	Jesus relocates defilement from external/ritual to internal/moral — directly grounds baseline’s existing पबित्र-vs-साफ distinction.
22	Gentiles / nations	ἔθνη / ethnē	Church	Medium	गैर-जुथुद	[Romans TM] reuse	7, 10, 13	Reuse exactly.
23	Christ / Messiah	Χριστός / Christos	Christology	Critical	मसीह	[Romans TM] reuse	1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15	Reuse exactly; Peter’s confession (8:29) is the Messianic Secret’s narrative hinge.
24	Divine necessity (“must”)	δεῖ / dei	Necessity of the Cross	High	जाबाय लागोन	NEW / provisional	8, 9, 10, 14	Must not be reheard as भागी (impersonal fate); expresses God’s sovereign redemptive plan.
25	Cross	σταυρός / stauros	Necessity of the Cross	Critical	क्रुस	NEW, transliteration	8, 10, 15	No native cultural equivalent; teach as specific historical Roman execution instrument before its discipleship metaphor.
26	Deny self / lose one’s life	ἀπαρνέομαι, ψυχή / aparneomai, psychē	Discipleship	High	गोदान निधिन्थि गोयोननाय	NEW / provisional	8	Distinguish from Brahma Dharma’s merit-earning ascetic renunciation ideal; this is trust-and-love-driven self-denial toward Christ.
27	Transfiguration	μεταμορφόω / metamorphoō	Christology	Critical/High	रूप सोलायनाय	NEW / provisional	9	Parallel risk to Incarnation: must be distinguished from doudini Kherai-trance appearance-change (another spirit displacing the medium); this is Christ’s own glory unveiled from within.
28	Unbelief (amid faith)	ἀπιστία / apistia	Faith / Discipleship amid Fear	High	बिश्वास गैया	NEW, negation of [Romans TM: faith]	9	Preserve the pastoral tension of “I believe; help my unbelief” (9:24) without resolving it.
29	Great / greatness (kingdom-redefined)	μέγας, μείζων / megas, meizōn	Servanthood vs. Worldly Greatness	High	गोबां	NEW / provisional	9, 10	Must be paired consistently with servant/slave vocabulary so “greatness” is never heard apart from Christ’s redefinition.
30	Servant	διάκονος / diakonos	Servanthood vs. Worldly Greatness	High	सेवक	NEW / provisional	9, 10	Distinguish from Bathou/Kherai specialist-mediator roles (doudini, ojha); every disciple, not a specialist class, is called to this.
31	Slave (of all)	δοῦλος / doulos	Servanthood vs. Worldly Greatness	Critical	गुलाम	NEW / provisional	10	Must NOT be रendered दास (Hindu/Brahma-Dharma devotional-submission term); teach as Christ-modeled, voluntary, others-directed self-giving, never literal chattel slavery endorsement.
32	Ransom	λύτρον / lytron	The Ransom for Many	Critical	फोरायनायनि मुल्य	NEW / provisional	10 (also underlies 14:24)	Named double risk: reciprocal Bathou/Kherai offering-logic (worshipper pays deity) inverted here (God pays for humanity); and Brahma Dharma karma-debt misreading. Highest-priority theologian review term in the whole curriculum.
33	For many / in place of many	ἀντὶ πολλῶν / anti pollōn	The Ransom for Many	Critical	गोबां नि थाखाय	NEW / provisional	10	Substitutionary force of ἀντί must not flatten into vague benefit-language; teach with [Romans TM: imputed_righteousness].
34	Cup (of suffering)	ποτήριον / potērion	Necessity of the Cross	Medium	कटोरा	NEW / provisional	10, 14	Literal vessel safe; metaphorical “cup of suffering/wrath” sense must be explicitly taught.
35	Glory	δόξα / doxa	Christology	High	महिमा	[Romans TM] reuse	10, 13	Reuse exactly; not doudini trance-radiance.
36	Rebuke (authoritative command)	ἐπιτιμάω / epitimaō	Authority over Nature	Medium-High	गजाब होनाय	NEW / provisional	(1, 4, 5, 9 implicit)	Jesus commands wind/sea/demons with inherent authority, unlike ritual invocation/negotiation techniques.
37	Child (kingdom receptivity)	παιδίον / paidion	Kingdom of God Breaking In	Medium	गोदान	NEW, plain vocabulary	10	Kingdom is received, not achieved; avoid merit-based misreading.
38	Wealth / riches	πλοῦτος, πλούσιος / ploutos, plousios	Kingdom of God Breaking In	Medium-High	गोनांथि / धन	NEW / provisional	10	Named collision with Mainao (Kherai-pantheon goddess of wealth/rice); teach as misplaced-trust warning, not general prosperity condemnation.
39	Hosanna	ὡσαννά / hōsanna	Messianic Promise	Low	होसाना	NEW, transliteration	11	Retain as transliterated acclamation per regional convention.
40	Temple	ναός, ἱερόν / naos, hieron	Fulfillment / Necessity of the Cross	High	मन्दिर	NEW / provisional	11, 13, 14, 15	Must be distinguished from both generic Hindu मन्दिर and Bathou’s नमासोलि (reserved in baseline exclusively for Bathou/Kherai description).
41	Fig tree (symbolic)	συκῆ / sykē	Fulfillment of Prophecy	Medium	दिफांगनि बिजाब	NEW, plain botanical term	11	Symbolic Israel-imagery requires OT background; note but do not conflate with sijou plant symbolism.
42	Love (greatest commandment)	ἀγάπη, ἀγαπάω / agapē, agapaō	Discipleship	Medium-High	माया	NEW / provisional	12	Named collision: Sanskrit māyā (“illusion”) root risks undermining the weightiness of covenantal love; supplement with relational reinforcement.
43	Son of David	υἱὸς Δαυίδ / huios Dauid	Messianic Promise	Medium	दाऊदनि गोरा	NEW, builds on [Romans TM: david = दाऊद]	10, 12	Reuse दाऊद root; teach alongside [Romans TM: seed_of_david].
44	Caesar / tax	Καῖσαρ, φόρος / Kaisar, phoros	Kingdom Mission	Medium	काइसर / खिराज	NEW, transliteration + loan	12	Same territorial-political sensitivity already flagged for [Romans TM: kingdom_of_god] in the Bodoland context.
45	Resurrection	ἀνάστασις / anastasis	Resurrection of Christ	Critical	जिउनाय सोलायनाय	[Romans TM] reuse	12, 16	Reuse exactly; never फिन जोनोम.
46	Tribulation	θλῖψις / thlipsis	Eschatology	Medium-High	महान कष्ट	NEW / provisional	13	Distinguish from ordinary misfortune addressed via Bathou/Kherai ritual; a unique, sovereignly-ordained eschatological period.
47	False christ / false prophet	ψευδόχριστος, ψευδοπροφήτης / pseudochristos, pseudoprophētēs	Messianic Promise	Medium	साखा मसीह / साखा भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा	NEW / provisional, builds on [Romans TM] roots	13	Reinforces exclusivity already established for मसीह and भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा.
48	Watch / be alert	γρηγορέω / grēgoreō	Eschatology	Low-Medium	साननाय	NEW / provisional	13	Distinguish eschatological readiness from omen-watching/divination.
49	Passover	πάσχα / pascha	Necessity of the Cross	Medium-High	निस्तार पर्ब	NEW / provisional, builds on [Romans TM: salvation] root	14	Requires explicit Exodus background teaching; low native OT literacy assumed.
50	Blood of the covenant	τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης / to haima tēs diathēkēs	The Ransom for Many / Necessity of the Cross	Critical	गोसाथारिनि गैसो	NEW / provisional, builds on [Romans TM: covenant = गोसाथारि]	14	Named collision: Bathou/Kherai animal-blood offerings to Bathoubwrai/pantheon; Christ’s blood is unique, final, self-offered — fulfills and ends that sacrificial economy, not an instance within it. Highest-priority review alongside “ransom.”
51	Betray / hand over	παραδίδωμι / paradidōmi	Necessity of the Cross	High	बिश्वासघात खालामनाय	NEW / provisional, builds on [Romans TM: faith = बिश्वास]	14	Teach both human treachery (Judas) and divine sovereign purpose (δεῖ) without collapsing the two.
52	High priest	ἀρχιερεύς / archiereus	Religious Setting	Medium	प्रधान पुरोहित	NEW / provisional	14, 15	Distinguish from Bathou ritual specialists (deuri/ojha) — a non-sacrificial-priestly role.
53	Crucify	σταυρόω / stauroō	Necessity of the Cross	Critical	क्रुसाव बांनाय	NEW / provisional, builds on क्रुस (Ch.8)	15	Historical, agonizing, willingly-undergone execution; climax of Necessity-of-the-Cross doctrine.
54	King of the Jews	βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων / basileus tōn Ioudaiōn	Kingdom of God Breaking In	High	जिहूदी नि राजा	NEW, builds on plain राजा (Ch.6)	15	Deliberate Markan irony: mockery title is the Gospel’s own confirmation of true, paradoxical kingship.
55	Temple curtain / veil	καταπέτασμα / katapetasma	Necessity of the Cross	Medium	पर्दा	NEW, plain loanword	15	Torn at Jesus’ death; signals direct access to God — requires explicit teaching, no native architectural equivalent.
56	Centurion’s confession	(title) ἑκατοντάρχης / hekatontarchēs; confession ties to υἱὸς θεοῦ	Deity of Christ / Messianic Secret	Critical (confession) / Low (title)	सेन्चुरियन (title) + ईश्वरनि गोरा (confession)	NEW (title, transliteration); confession reuses [Romans TM]	15	Narrative climax: veiled title of the whole Gospel spoken aloud by a Gentile witness at the cross.
57	Tomb / grave	μνημεῖον / mnēmeion	Resurrection of Christ	Critical	कबर	NEW / provisional — do not use समाधि	16	समाधि’s yogic meditative-trance-state association would dangerously entangle the bodily, historical empty tomb with a mystical-consciousness concept foreign to Mark’s claim.
58	He has risen	ἐγήγερται / egēgertai	Resurrection of Christ	Critical	जिउनाय सोलायनाय (verb form)	[Romans TM] reuse	16	Reuse exactly; climactic resolution verse.
59	Sign (confirming)	σημεῖον / sēmeion	Church / Mission	Medium	निदर्शन / चिन्ना	NEW / provisional	13, 16	Distinguish confirming gospel signs from divinatory omens sought from ओझा or doudini utterances.
60	Divorce	ἀπολύω / apolyō	Discipleship	Medium	गोरलैनाय	NEW / provisional	10	Ensure creation-order grounding (10:6-9) is retained, not merely procedural.

Summary counts

Risk tier	Count	Review routing
Critical	13	Human theologian required for every occurrence
High	19	Human theologian required
Medium-High	7	Human theologian recommended, native speaker minimum
Medium	15	Native speaker review
Low-Medium	3	Native speaker review
Low	3	Automated review sufficient

Highest-priority terms for Phase 2 Step 17 theologian review (new to Mark, not covered by existing Romans TM): Son of Man (#3), Unclean spirit/demon (#6), Slave/doulos (#31), Ransom/lytron (#32), For many/anti pollōn (#33), Blood of the covenant (#50), Crucify (#53), Tomb (#57), Transfiguration (#27), Mystery/mystērion (#16). These ten terms carry the heaviest doctrinal load in the curriculum’s eight named doctrines and each name a specific, grounded Bathou-, Kherai-, or Brahma-Dharma-rooted collision risk rather than a generic translation difficulty.

This glossary must be loaded alongside translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json before any Phase 2 Mark segment translation begins. All “NEW / provisional” entries above require human theologian confirmation before being written into an updated translation_memory.json version for Mark, following the same increment-and-flag procedure specified in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.

Critical Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: मोफादांनाय दान
Transliteration: mwphwdangnai daan
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: दान गोरोबनाय (a reciprocal gift expecting return offering, rejected), पुण्य (Brahma Dharma merit-language, never use)

CRITICAL: a descriptive compound meaning roughly ‘freely-given gift’ is required because both live comparative frameworks pull toward a transactional reading. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Directly relevant to Mark’s Ransom-for-Many doctrine (10:45), which shares the same apart-from-merit, apart-from-ritual-exchange logic; teach the two doctrines as one cluster.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धर्म (avoid the bare Sanskritic sense of cosmic duty imported through Brahma Dharma reform teaching)

Must be explicitly defined as right standing before God received through faith, not a reformed community’s structured code of conduct. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Justification

Approved rendering: धार्मिक होनाय राव
Transliteration: dharmik honai rao
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: गुनाहनि माफ (forgiveness of sin alone, too narrow)

A descriptive compound carrying the forensic, once-for-all legal-declaration sense. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Salvation

Approved rendering: फोरायनाय
Transliteration: phoraynai
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष (Brahma Dharma’s Hindu-derived liberation concept, never use), रैखाथि (protection from the Kherai pantheon against misfortune, never use as a stand-alone gloss for eternal salvation)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark deliberately uses the same root/verb-family for physical healing (σῴζω, e.g. 5:34; 10:52) and eschatological salvation; teach the linkage explicitly per bible_term_registry.json ‘salvation’ entry, but do not let every healing narrative collapse the term’s fuller eschatological weight.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: जिउनाय सोलायनाय
Transliteration: jiunai solainai
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: फिन जोनोम (rebirth into a new life-cycle, a concept absorbed into Brahma Dharma from Hindu reincarnation teaching, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. The single most important Mark occurrence is 16:6 (‘he has risen’); also underlies Jesus’ own resurrection debate with the Sadducees (12:18-27) and all three passion predictions (8:31; 9:31; 10:34).

Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: probhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बुरहा/बर’ऐ titles reserved for Bathoubwrai and Kherai-pantheon elder-deities, never use for Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark 10:42’s negative ‘lord it over’ (κατακυριεύω, worldly rulers) must use a DIFFERENT root entirely — never प्रभु or its derivatives — to keep Christ’s own exclusive lordship terminologically unclouded; see new term ‘lord_it_over’ below.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि गोरा
Transliteration: Isornni gwra
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवता गोरा (a lesser divine being’s son, an explicit downgrade)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark’s own narrative arc opens (1:1,11) and climactically resolves (15:39, the centurion’s confession) on this exact title; must remain visibly distinct in every lesson from the new term ‘son_of_man’ below, which is Jesus’ own veiled self-designation, not this title spoken by others about him.

Incarnation

Approved rendering: मानसि गुदि सोलायनाय
Transliteration: manwsi gudi solainai
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: देउनि आगोर (a deity temporarily ‘descending into’ or speaking through a doudini during Kherai trance, never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Directly parallel in risk-structure to Mark’s new Transfiguration term below — both must be sharply distinguished from a doudini’s temporary, possession-based Kherai-trance state.

Messiah

Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: mosih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Peter’s confession ‘You are the Christ’ (Mark 8:29) is the Messianic Secret doctrine’s narrative hinge.

Jesus

Approved rendering: जिसु
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Verify against a current printed BSI Bodo Bible before Phase 2 finalization, exactly as required in the Romans baseline.

God

Approved rendering: ईश्वर
Transliteration: Isor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बाथौबुरै (never use as the primary term for the biblical God; reserve strictly for describing traditional Bathou belief)
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पबित्र आत्था
Transliteration: pobitro aatha
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: देउ (a generic spirit-being from the Bathou/Kherai pantheon, never use), बुरहा-बुरही आत्था (ancestral household spirits venerated in traditional practice, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Must always be used in full for the third Person of the Trinity (Mark 1:8-11; 3:29; 13:11), never bare देउ/आत्था; the new Mark term ‘unclean_spirit’ (गुनाह आत्था) below must never be confused with this term.

Father

Approved rendering: आफा
Transliteration: afa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: बाथौबुरै (reserve strictly for describing traditional belief, never for the biblical Father)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Used intimately in Jesus’ Gethsemane prayer (Mark 14:36) alongside ‘abba’ below.

Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: दानै लाबोनाय धार्मिकता
Transliteration: danai labwnai dharmikota
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: मोनसे नि गुनथिजों लाबोनाय धार्मिकता (righteousness earned by one’s own good conduct, the explicit rejected opposite)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Must be taught alongside the new Mark term ‘for_many’ (गोबां नि थाखाय, Mark 10:45) as part of the same doctrinal cluster: a status/benefit received by one party because of an act performed in that party’s place by another.

Son Of Man

Approved rendering: मानसि गोरा
Transliteration: manwsi gwra
Doctrine: Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God
Rejected alternatives: मानुष (plain ‘a human being,’ loses the Daniel 7:13-14 authority-and-glory dimension), ईश्वरनि गोरा-style merged rendering (destroys Mark’s own deliberate distinction between Jesus’ self-title and the title others speak of him)
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology

NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation before Phase 2 lock-in. Jesus’ preferred self-designation (14 occurrences: 2:10,28; 8:31,38; 9:9,12,31; 10:33,45; 13:26; 14:21,41,62), drawn from Daniel 7’s heavenly figure who receives everlasting dominion and glory. Two opposite dangers must both be avoided: flattening into ‘mere human’ loses the authority/glory sense; merging with ‘son_of_god’ destroys the Messianic Secret’s narrative structure, in which Son of Man is Jesus’ own veiled self-disclosure while Son of God is a truth others speak about him. Human theologian review required at every occurrence.

Unclean Spirit

Approved rendering: गुनाह आत्था
Transliteration: gunah aatha
Doctrine: Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature
Rejected alternatives: देउ (Bathou/Kherai nature-and-ancestral spirits, ritually placated and negotiated with, never use), bare आत्था (would collide with the Holy Spirit vocabulary, forbidden per the baseline’s existing forbidden-substitution rule)
Original: πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον / δαιμόνιον
Category: Spiritual Conflict

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation. Must always appear as the full compound, never bare. Demons in Mark (1:23-27,34; 3:11,22-30; 5:1-20; 6:7,13; 7:24-30; 9:14-29) are hostile beings expelled by Jesus’ direct, unilateral command — never negotiated with through ritual, unlike Bathou/Kherai spirit-relations. Human theologian review at every occurrence.

Cross

Approved rendering: क्रुस
Transliteration: krus
Doctrine: The Necessity of the Cross
Rejected alternatives: a generic hardship-symbol paraphrase, a decorative/devotional-object framing
Original: σταυρός
Category: Necessity of the Cross

CRITICAL, NEW, transliteration. No native Bodo cultural equivalent exists. Must be taught as a specific, shameful, historical Roman execution instrument (first occurrence 8:34) before its ‘take up your cross’ discipleship metaphor is introduced; do not let the metaphor precede the historical referent in lesson sequencing.

Transfiguration

Approved rendering: रूप सोलायनाय
Transliteration: rup solainai
Doctrine: Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God
Rejected alternatives: a rendering framed as a doudini’s visible appearance/behavior change during Kherai-puja trance-possession, in which another spirit-being displaces the medium’s own identity
Original: μεταμορφόω
Category: Christology

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation. Parallel risk to the baseline’s Incarnation entry above. The Transfiguration (9:2-8) is the reverse of doudini possession: Christ’s OWN eternal, unified divine-human glory momentarily unveiled from within, confirmed by the Father’s own voice, not a mediated ritual state.

Slave

Approved rendering: गुलाम
Transliteration: gulam
Doctrine: Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness
Rejected alternatives: दास (Hindu devotional and Brahma-Dharma-reform term for a devotee’s merit-oriented submission to a deity or guru, e.g. ‘Ram-das’ — never use, would recast Jesus’ shocking status-reversal as ordinary pious devotion), ‘helper’-style softening (erases the deliberate shock of the word Jesus chose)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Servanthood

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation before wide deployment — the single highest-priority Servanthood-doctrine term. Mark 10:44’s sharpest possible status-reversal word. Must be taught explicitly as total, voluntary, others-directed self-giving modeled by Christ himself (v.45), never as endorsement of literal chattel slavery or devotional submission to a spiritual hierarchy.

Ransom

Approved rendering: फोरायनायनि मुल्य
Transliteration: phoraynaini mulyo
Doctrine: The Ransom for Many
Rejected alternatives: a rendering following the reciprocal Bathou/Kherai offering-payment framing, in which worshippers pay the pantheon for protection (the exact inverse of Mark 10:45’s direction), a rendering reducible to settling an impersonal Brahma Dharma karma/merit debt-ledger
Original: λύτρον
Category: Ransom

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation before wide deployment. THE single highest-priority theologian-review term in the entire Mark curriculum. Two opposite-direction dangers must both be named explicitly in every teaching note: (1) traditional Bathou/Kherai ritual offerings run worshipper-pays-deity; Mark 10:45 inverts this completely (God’s own Son pays FOR captive humanity); (2) Brahma Dharma’s karma/merit ethic must not flatten this into an impersonal debt-settlement rather than a personal, substitutionary act by a specific divine Person for specific people he loves. Flag every occurrence (10:45; conceptually underlying 14:24).

For Many

Approved rendering: गोबां नि थाखाय
Transliteration: gwbang ni thakhai
Doctrine: The Ransom for Many
Rejected alternatives: a vague ‘for the benefit of many’ rendering (loses ἀντί’s strong substitutionary, in-place-of force)
Original: ἀντὶ πολλῶν
Category: Ransom

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional. Must always retain strict substitutionary force, not soften into general-benefit language; teach alongside ‘imputed_righteousness’ above as part of the same doctrinal cluster.

Blood Of Covenant

Approved rendering: गोसाथारिनि गैसो
Transliteration: gwsathaarini gaiso
Doctrine: Covenant Blood and Atonement
Rejected alternatives: a rendering that presents Christ’s blood as one more instance within the existing Bathou/Kherai animal-blood-offering economy rather than its unique, final fulfillment and termination
Original: τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Ransom

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, requires human theologian confirmation, built on ‘covenant’ above. Both Bathou worship and Kherai puja include real, currently-practiced animal-blood offerings to secure protection/favor. Mark 14:24’s ‘blood of the covenant, poured out for many’ must be taught as ending, not joining, that reciprocal sacrificial economy — the same review priority as ‘ransom’ above; teach 10:45 and 14:24 as one doctrinal unit.

Crucify

Approved rendering: क्रुसाव बांनाय
Transliteration: krusau bannai
Doctrine: The Necessity of the Cross
Rejected alternatives: a general death-verb (loses the specific historical execution method)
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Necessity of the Cross

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional, built on ‘cross’ above. The climactic enactment (15:20-27) of both 8:31’s divine necessity and 10:45’s ransom saying; never softened into vague ‘suffering’ language.

Centurion Confession

Approved rendering: सेन्चुरियन / ईश्वरनि गोरा
Transliteration: sencuriyan / Isornni gwra
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἑκατοντάρχης (title); υἱὸς θεοῦ (confession content)
Category: Christology

CRITICAL for the confession content (which reuses ‘son_of_god’ above exactly); the bare military title is Low risk. Mark 15:39’s Gentile witness at the cross is the narrative climax resolving the Gospel’s opening claim (1:1); never weaken to a mere exclamation of astonishment.

Tomb

Approved rendering: कबर
Transliteration: kabor
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: समाधि (a Sanskrit loan that, in Hindu/yogic tradition, primarily denotes a meditative trance-state of absorption into the divine — never use, would dangerously entangle Jesus’ bodily, historical, physically-empty tomb with a foreign mystical-consciousness concept)
Original: μνημεῖον
Category: Eschatology

CRITICAL, NEW / provisional. Mark 16:2-6’s empty tomb is concrete physical evidence underlying the resurrection proclamation; कबर, a plain burial-place word, carries no competing religious association.

High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: मंगल खबर
Transliteration: mangal khabor
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: सुसमाचार (Hindi loan, avoid as default; retain only as an explanatory gloss for readers already literate in Hindi)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

मंगल खबर (‘auspicious/good news,’ built on the widely understood Assamese-Sanskrit loan मंगल) is preferred over a direct Hindi सुसमाचार borrowing, since this curriculum should read as Bodo, not as Hindi-with-Devanagari-spelling. Confirm with a Bodo-speaking theologian that मंगल does not carry unwanted Brahma Dharma ritual-auspiciousness connotations before wide deployment. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified, per baseline language-authority rule. Mark opens (1:1) and closes (16:15) on this same term, making cross-book consistency essential.

Faith

Approved rendering: बिश्वास
Transliteration: biswas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: भरोसा (generic trust, too weak alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

बिश्वास covers belief and trust; the object of faith must always be specified in context. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Central to Mark’s Faith-and-Discipleship-amid-Fear doctrine (4:40; 5:34,36; 9:24; 10:52).

Called

Approved rendering: फिनायाव
Transliteration: phinaiyao
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: मिनतिनाय (a plea/invitation, too weak)

Context-sensitive across senses. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Relevant to the calling of the first disciples (Mark 1:16-20) and the Twelve (3:13-19); must be distinguished from a doudini being ritually ‘called’/seized by a deity during Kherai trance.

Calling

Approved rendering: फिनायनि सिम
Transliteration: phinaini sim
Doctrine: Divine Calling

Noun form for the state of being called. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Holy

Approved rendering: पबित्र
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: साफ (physically clean, ritual-purity sense only)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Grounds Mark’s own Purity-Relocated-to-the-Heart doctrine (7:1-23), where Jesus relocates defilement from external/ritual to internal/moral — directly building on this baseline पबित्र-vs-साफ distinction.

Saints

Approved rendering: पबित्र मानुष
Transliteration: pobitro manwsw
Doctrine: Sainthood

Corporate term for all believers. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Sanctification

Approved rendering: पबित्रनाय
Transliteration: pobitronai
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: साफनाय (ritual cleansing, avoid as a substitute)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Distinct from the external Bathou/Kherai household ritual-purification rites Mark 7 also engages.

Adoption

Approved rendering: गोसोआव फैनाय
Transliteration: gwswao phoinai
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Conceptually relevant to Mark 10:15’s teaching that the kingdom must be RECEIVED as a gift like a child, not achieved by lineage or merit — Bodo clan (afad) inheritance running through birth lineage makes this a genuine conceptual gap requiring explicit teaching, per analysis/06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md Section 2.1.

Sin

Approved rendering: गुनाह
Transliteration: gunah
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: दोष (fault/blame, too weak/civic)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Underlies the new Mark compounds ‘forgive_sins’ (2:5-10) and ‘unclean_spirit’ (गुनाह आत्था) below.

Glory

Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Key to Mark 8:38; 10:37; 13:26 and the Transfiguration (9:2-8); avoid metaphors readable as doudini trance-radiance.

Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: बिश्वासनि मानोन
Transliteration: biswasni manwn
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: धर्मनि निदान मानोन (rule-keeping obedience to a reformed religious code, a works-based misreading)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सक्ति
Transliteration: Isornni sakti
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: देउनि सक्ति (spirit/deity power as manifested through a doudini’s trance, avoid as a substitute)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Must be kept distinct from Mark’s new term ‘authority’ (अधिकार) below — अधिकार is Jesus’ inherent right to command; सक्ति is raw power and must never drift toward doudini trance-power.

Covenant

Approved rendering: गोसाथारि
Transliteration: gwsathari
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Root of the new, Critical-risk Mark compound ‘blood_of_covenant’ (गोसाथारिनि गैसो, Mark 14:24) below.

Election

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सायख
Transliteration: Isornni saikho
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: भागी (fate/fortune, too impersonal)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Shares the ‘sovereignly given, not earned’ logic that the new term ‘mystery’ (रहस्य) below must be taught alongside, per analysis/06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md.

Providence

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सामलानाय
Transliteration: Isornni samlanai
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: भागी (fate, never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Must be taught alongside the new Mark term ‘divine_necessity’ (जाबाय लागोन, δεῖ) below, which carries the same forbidden भागी collision risk.

Abba

Approved rendering: अब्बा
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: אַבָּא
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark 14:36 is the direct textual source of this Aramaic term for both Mark and the Romans package (Romans 8:15 quotes the same tradition).

Seed Of David

Approved rendering: दाऊदनि बेंसे
Transliteration: Daudni bense
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Teach alongside the new Mark term ‘son_of_david’ below (10:47-48; 12:35-37) for terminological consistency.

Baptism

Approved rendering: बाप्तिस्मा
Transliteration: baptisma
Doctrine: Baptism and the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: a descriptive ‘water-washing’ compound (risks conflation with the Bathou/Kherai household and courtyard water/ritual-cleansing rites preceding ceremonies)
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Sacraments

NEW, transliteration, following established regional Bible-translation convention. Christian baptism signifies union with Christ’s death and resurrection and identification with him, not restoration of ritual/household purity. Flag every occurrence (1:4-11; 10:38-39; 16:16) for human theologian review; 10:38-39 uses the term metaphorically for suffering, layered onto its literal sacramental sense.

Repentance

Approved rendering: मन सोलायनाय
Transliteration: mon solainai
Doctrine: Repentance and Kingdom Proclamation
Rejected alternatives: a rendering that would evoke Brahma Dharma’s corporate, Sanskritizing ‘reform’ turning, which targets communal identity-purification rather than individual moral repentance
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Salvation

NEW / provisional, built on the same सोलायनाय morpheme already established for ‘resurrection’ above. Personal, moral, God-ward turning from sin (1:4,14-15; 6:12), distinct from a communal reform project.

Authority

Approved rendering: अधिकार
Transliteration: adhikar
Doctrine: Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature
Rejected alternatives: सक्ति / देउनि सक्ति (a doudini’s trance-derived ritual/mediumistic power, temporary and possession-based, avoid as a substitute)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Authority

NEW / provisional. Jesus’ authority (1:22,27; 2:10; 6:7; 11:28-33) is inherent, continuous, and self-possessed; the disciples’ authority (6:7) is derived, not independent — teach this distinction explicitly. Never conflate with a doudini’s temporary, possession-based power.

Forgive Sins

Approved rendering: गुनाह माफनाय
Transliteration: gunah maafnai
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἀφίημι + ἁμαρτίας
Category: Salvation

NEW / provisional, built on गुनाह (sin, above). Presented in Mark 2:1-12 as an exclusively divine prerogative, tied directly to Jesus’ first self-identification as ‘Son of Man’; must not be taught as ordinary household/community reconciliation, a distinct, lower-stakes category in Bodo social life.

Blasphemy

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि बेयान्थि रायनाय
Transliteration: Isornni beyanthi raynai
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία
Category: Theology Proper

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Must be taught as persistent, willful rejection of the Spirit’s clearly-evidenced work (Mark 3:28-30), not casual irreverence; never confused with ordinary taboo-breaking against household deu customs.

Mystery

Approved rendering: रहस्य
Transliteration: rahasyo
Doctrine: The Messianic Secret
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Kingdom

NEW / provisional. Major named risk: in Hindu- and Brahma-Dharma-influenced discourse, रहस्य commonly denotes esoteric knowledge attained through initiation, ascetic discipline, or guru-mediated gnosis — the opposite of Mark 4:11’s mystery, sovereignly GIVEN to ordinary disciples, not earned through spiritual technique. No clean alternative exists (see analysis/06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md Section 3); this risk must be carried by mandatory teaching notes at every occurrence, paired with the baseline’s ‘election’ entry above.

Defilement

Approved rendering: साफ / पबित्र (contextual distinction)
Transliteration: saf / pobitro
Doctrine: Purity Relocated to the Heart
Original: κοινός / κοινόω
Category: Sanctification

NEW application of the existing baseline पबित्र-vs-साफ distinction. Mark 7:1-23 relocates defilement’s source from external/ritual contact to internal/moral corruption, directly grounding (not abolishing) that baseline distinction — a crucial teaching point given active Bathou/Kherai ritual-purification practice.

Tradition

Approved rendering: आदा-बादिनि नियम
Transliteration: aada-baadini niyom
Doctrine: Tradition versus God’s Command
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Church

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Jesus’ critique (7:8-9) targets any human religious system, ancient or modern, that supplants God’s actual command; relevant to both inherited Bathou household custom and Brahma Dharma’s own codified early-20th-century reform tradition, neither singled out unfairly.

Divine Necessity

Approved rendering: जाबाय लागोन
Transliteration: jabai lagon
Doctrine: The Necessity of the Cross
Rejected alternatives: भागी (impersonal fate/fortune, forbidden per the same rule the baseline already applies to providence and election)
Original: δεῖ
Category: Necessity of the Cross

NEW / provisional. Renders δεῖ (‘must’) in the three passion predictions (8:31; 9:31; 10:33-34) and 14:21. Must never be reheard as blind destiny; always pair with ‘providence’ (ईश्वरनि सामलानाय) above in teaching notes to reinforce God’s sovereign, personal, redemptive plan.

Deny Self

Approved rendering: गोदान निधिन्थि गोयोननाय
Transliteration: godan nidhinthi goyonnai
Doctrine: Faith and Discipleship amid Fear
Rejected alternatives: a rendering evoking Brahma Dharma’s ascetic, merit-earning renunciation ideal (vegetarian discipline, karma-oriented self-restraint)
Original: ἀπαρνέομαι + ψυχή
Category: Discipleship

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Mark 8:34-37’s self-denial is a trust-and-love-driven response to Christ specifically, not an independent path of merit accumulation.

Unbelief

Approved rendering: बिश्वास गैया
Transliteration: biswas gaiya
Doctrine: Faith and Discipleship amid Fear
Original: ἀπιστία
Category: Faith

NEW, negation of ‘faith’ above. Must preserve the pastoral tension of Mark 9:24’s ‘I believe; help my unbelief’ — real faith and real doubt held together without contradiction; do not resolve into either pure confidence or pure despair.

Greatness

Approved rendering: गोबां
Transliteration: gwbang
Doctrine: Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness
Original: μέγας / μείζων
Category: Servanthood

NEW / provisional. The pivot term Jesus redefines rather than abolishes (9:33-37; 10:43-44). Must never occur in a Servanthood-doctrine passage without ‘servant’ or ‘slave’ (below) appearing in the same sentence or immediately adjacent clause.

Servant

Approved rendering: सेवक
Transliteration: sevak
Doctrine: Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness
Original: διάκονος
Category: Servanthood

NEW / provisional. Named collision: Bathou/Kherai religious life has its own recognized specialist-attendant roles (doudini, ojha) who serve the pantheon in a mediating capacity. Every disciple, not a specialist class, is called to this servanthood (9:35; 10:43,45).

Wealth

Approved rendering: गोनांथि
Transliteration: gwnangthi
Doctrine: Wealth and the Kingdom
Original: πλοῦτος / πλούσιος
Category: Kingdom

NEW / provisional. Named collision with Mainao, the Kherai-pantheon goddess of wealth and rice, whose favor is ritually sought for prosperity. Mark 10:17-27’s warning is against misplaced ultimate trust, not general prosperity, and must not imply wealth is deity-favor-contingent.

Temple

Approved rendering: मन्दिर
Transliteration: mandir
Doctrine: Judgment on the Temple and Unfruitful Israel
Rejected alternatives: नमासोलि (reserved exclusively in the baseline for describing Bathou/Kherai ritual worship-ground, never use here)
Original: ναός / ἱερόν
Category: Covenant

NEW / provisional. Must also be distinguished from a generic Hindu मन्दिर (image-centered worship). This is a specific, historical Jewish institution (11:15-19; 13:1-2; 14:58; 15:38) that Christ’s presence and sacrifice come to fulfill and supersede, not a generic ‘holy building’ category.

Love

Approved rendering: माया
Transliteration: maya
Doctrine: Love as the Greatest Commandment
Original: ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω
Category: Discipleship

NEW / provisional. Named collision: माया derives from Sanskrit māyā, whose dominant sense in Hindu- and Brahma-Dharma-influenced thought is ‘illusion’ — the opposite of the weighty, willed, covenantal love Jesus commands (12:28-34). Supplement every occurrence with relational reinforcement (e.g. pairing with ‘exhort’-family vocabulary above) so love is not heard as illusory sentiment.

Betray

Approved rendering: बिश्वासघात खालामनाय
Transliteration: biswasghat khalamnai
Doctrine: Betrayal and Divine Sovereignty
Original: παραδίδωμι
Category: Necessity of the Cross

NEW / provisional, built on ‘faith’ above. Teach both dimensions of Judas’s act (14:10-11,18,21,41-45) without collapsing them: genuine human treachery, occurring within (not against) God’s sovereign redemptive plan (‘divine_necessity’ above).

King Of The Jews

Approved rendering: जिहूदी नि राजा
Transliteration: jihudi ni raja
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Breaking In
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
Category: Kingdom

NEW, plain vocabulary. The mocking inscription (15:26) is the Gospel’s own ironic confirmation of Jesus’ true kingship; preserve the surface mocking register so the Markan irony is not lost.

Lord It Over

Approved rendering: मुरहैनाय
Transliteration: murhainai
Doctrine: Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness
Rejected alternatives: any derivative of प्रभु (Lord) — forbidden; would terminologically cloud Christ’s own exclusive, benevolent lordship

NEW / provisional. Renders κατακυριεύω (Mark 10:42), the negative ‘lord it over’ of worldly rulers — always the deliberate negative foil to Christ’s own true lordship. Must use a wholly distinct root from प्रभु and its derivatives, per the baseline’s own Lord entry and analysis/08_core_glossary.md #6/#7 rationale.

Medium Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: गोदान जायगारि
Transliteration: godan jaigari
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत (generic messenger, too weak)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

A descriptive compound conveying authorized, sent-out ministry. Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark 3:14 (naming of the Twelve) and 6:7 (sending) both reuse this term.

Peace

Approved rendering: सान्ति
Transliteration: santi
Doctrine: Peace with God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: आत्मानि दान
Transliteration: aatmani daan
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: सक्ति (a generic supernatural power associated with the doudini’s trance abilities, avoid as a substitute)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Church

Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: mwndoli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: नमासोलि (Bathou/Kherai shrine site or worship ground, never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Mark’s own text does not use a Greek ekklesia term, but this rendering remains the fixed authority for any curriculum material discussing the gathered community of Jesus’ followers. See new term ‘temple’ below, which must also be kept distinct from नमासोलि.

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि राज्य
Transliteration: Isornni rajyo
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. This is the central term of Mark’s own Kingdom-of-God-Breaking-In doctrine (1:14-15; 4:26-32; 10:14-15; 15:26); must be distinguished from territorial-political framing, acute given the mocking-yet-true ‘King of the Jews’ inscription (15:26).

Law

Approved rendering: बिथान
Transliteration: bithan
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्मनि नियम (Brahma Dharma’s own codified religious-conduct rules, avoid as the primary gloss)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Background for Mark’s Sabbath (2:23-28), divorce (10:2-12), and greatest-commandment (12:28-34) teaching.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: गैर-जुथुद
Transliteration: goir-juthud
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Relevant to Mark’s Gentile-Inclusion-and-Universal-Witness doctrine (the Syrophoenician woman, 7:24-30; the centurion, 15:39).

Intercession

Approved rendering: मोनसे नि थाखाय बिनयनाय
Transliteration: monse ni thakhai binoinai
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Mission

Approved rendering: मंगल खबरनि दायो
Transliteration: mangal khaborni dayo
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Underlies Mark’s Great-Commission-and-Mission doctrine (16:15-18); frame evangelism as the church’s own ongoing calling, not a foreign historical project, given American Baptist mission-era memory in the Bodoland region.

David

Approved rendering: दाऊद
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Root of the new Mark term ‘son_of_david’ below (10:47-48; 12:35-37).

Israel

Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Invoked in the Shema citation (Mark 12:29).

Leprosy

Approved rendering: गादा रोग
Transliteration: gada rog
Doctrine: Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature
Original: λέπρα / λεπρός
Category: Healing

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Distinguish miraculous cleansing (1:40-45) from Bathou/Kherai ritual purification procedure; the accompanying silencing command (1:44) is an early Messianic Secret instance.

Scribes

Approved rendering: शास्त्री
Transliteration: shastri
Doctrine: Religious Setting
Original: γραμματεῖς
Category: Religious Setting

NEW, transliteration/loan. A recognizable legal-scholar class; do not over-map onto Bathou/Kherai ritual specialists (doudini, ojha), who hold a mediatorial rather than legal-textual role.

Sabbath

Approved rendering: सबथ दिन
Transliteration: sabath din
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant

NEW, transliteration + gloss. A Mosaic-Law-specific institution with no Bathou/Brahma Dharma equivalent; requires explicit Old Testament background teaching, consistent with the baseline’s existing note on ‘law’ above.

Parable

Approved rendering: निदर्शन कथा
Transliteration: nidarshan katha
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Breaking In
Rejected alternatives: the generic Bodo oral folktale/moral-fable tradition (aims at universal moral clarity for all hearers, unlike Jesus’ parables which deliberately veil as well as reveal)
Original: παραβολή
Category: Kingdom

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Teaching note required at Mark 4:1-34 explaining the two-directional conceal/reveal function, a Messianic-Secret-adjacent purpose the folktale genre does not share.

Cup Of Suffering

Approved rendering: कटोरा
Transliteration: katora
Doctrine: The Necessity of the Cross
Original: τὸ ποτήριον
Category: Necessity of the Cross

NEW / provisional. The literal vessel-word (10:38-39; 14:36) is safe; the metaphorical ‘cup of suffering/wrath’ sense is not native Bodo idiom and must be explicitly taught, not assumed to transfer.

Child

Approved rendering: गोदान
Transliteration: godan
Doctrine: Childlike Receptivity of the Kingdom
Original: παιδίον
Category: Kingdom

NEW, plain vocabulary. Mark 10:14-15: the kingdom is received with childlike trust, not achieved through merit or status; stress this to avoid a merit-based misreading.

Fig Tree

Approved rendering: दिफांगनि बिजाब
Transliteration: diphangni bijab
Doctrine: Judgment on the Temple and Unfruitful Israel
Original: συκῆ
Category: Fulfillment of Prophecy

NEW, plain botanical term. Symbolic Old Testament image for Israel’s covenant fruitfulness (11:12-14,20-21) requiring explicit Old Testament background; note but do not conflate with the sijou plant’s own central symbolic role in Bathou worship of Bathoubwrai.

Son Of David

Approved rendering: दाऊदनि गोरा
Transliteration: Daudni gwra
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology

NEW, builds on ‘david’ and ‘seed_of_david’ above. Messianic royal title (10:47-48; 12:35-37); teach alongside ‘seed_of_david’ for consistency with the Romans package.

Caesar Tax

Approved rendering: काइसर / खिराज
Transliteration: Kaisar / khiraj
Doctrine: Caesar and Dual Allegiance
Original: Καῖσαρ / φόρος
Category: Kingdom

NEW, transliteration + loan. Mark 12:13-17’s dual civic/divine obligation teaching; same territorial-political sensitivity already flagged for ‘kingdom_of_god’ above in the Bodoland Territorial Region context. Teach as a principle, not commentary on present-day politics.

Tribulation

Approved rendering: महान कष्ट
Transliteration: mohan kashto
Doctrine: Eschatological Vigilance
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Eschatology

NEW / provisional. Mark 13:19’s specific, God-ordained eschatological affliction; must not be confused with the ordinary misfortunes Bathou/Kherai ritual offerings are meant to ward off or remedy.

False Christ

Approved rendering: साखा मसीह / साखा भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा
Transliteration: sakha mosih / sakha bhabishyot songra
Doctrine: False Messiahs and the Exclusivity of Christ
Original: ψευδόχριστος / ψευδοπροφήτης
Category: Christology

NEW / provisional, built on ‘messiah’ and ‘prophet’ above. Mark 13:21-23’s warning against counterfeit claimants; reinforces exclusivity already established for those two baseline terms.

Watch

Approved rendering: साननाय
Transliteration: sannanai
Doctrine: Eschatological Vigilance
Original: γρηγορέω
Category: Eschatology

NEW / provisional, plain vocabulary. Mark 13:35-37’s closing exhortation; distinguish eschatological readiness for Christ’s return from superstitious omen-watching or divination practice associated with folk-ritual specialists.

Passover

Approved rendering: निस्तार पर्ब
Transliteration: nistar parbo
Doctrine: The Necessity of the Cross
Original: πάσχα
Category: Necessity of the Cross

NEW / provisional, built on the फोराय- root shared with ‘salvation’ above. Mark 14:12-25’s Exodus-deliverance background requires explicit Old Testament teaching given low native OT literacy.

High Priest

Approved rendering: प्रधान पुरोहित
Transliteration: pradhan purohit
Doctrine: Religious Setting
Original: ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Religious Setting

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Presides over Jesus’ trial (14:53-65); distinguish from Bathou’s own ritual specialists (deuri/ojha), a non-sacrificial-priestly role.

Temple Curtain

Approved rendering: पर्दा
Transliteration: parda
Doctrine: Judgment on the Temple and Unfruitful Israel
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Necessity of the Cross

NEW, plain loanword. Torn ‘from top to bottom’ at Jesus’ death (15:38), signaling direct access to God; no native architectural equivalent, requires explicit teaching.

Sign

Approved rendering: निदर्शन / चिन्ना
Transliteration: nidarshan / chinna
Doctrine: Signs Confirming Gospel Proclamation
Original: σημεῖον
Category: Church

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Mark 16:17-18 (longer ending); distinguish confirming gospel signs from divinatory omens sought from an ओझा or a doudini’s trance-utterances.

Divorce

Approved rendering: गोरलैनाय
Transliteration: gworlainai
Doctrine: Marriage and Creation Order
Original: ἀπολύω
Category: Discipleship

NEW / provisional, descriptive. Mark 10:2-12; ensure the creation-order theological grounding (10:6-9) is not lost in a purely procedural rendering.

Low Risk Terms

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: धिनानाय
Transliteration: dhinanai
Doctrine: Thanksgiving

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Fellowship

Approved rendering: गोसो जोंथानाय
Transliteration: gwsw jwnthanai
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Prophet

Approved rendering: भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा
Transliteration: bhabishyot songra
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ओझा (a traditional folk ritual specialist/diviner, never use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Jesus applies this category to himself (6:4).

Prophecy

Approved rendering: भाबिष्यत रां
Transliteration: bhabishyot rang
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified.

Exhort

Approved rendering: गोसो होनाय
Transliteration: gwsw honai
Doctrine: Mutual Edification

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly, unmodified. Relevant to Mark’s pleading/entreaty scenes (e.g., the Legion demoniac’s father, the leper) where a related sense of earnest request appears; distinguish entreaty from encouragement per context.

Pharisees

Approved rendering: फरीसी
Transliteration: Pharisi
Doctrine: Religious Setting
Original: Φαρισαῖοι
Category: Religious Setting

NEW, transliteration. Proper-noun-like; no native equivalent needed.

Hosanna

Approved rendering: होसाना
Transliteration: hosana
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: ὡσαννά
Category: Messianic Promise

NEW, transliteration. Retain as a transliterated liturgical acclamation (11:9-10) per regional Bible-translation convention.

Medium-High Risk Terms

Rebuke

Approved rendering: गजाब होनाय
Transliteration: gajab honai
Doctrine: Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature
Rejected alternatives: a rendering suggesting ritual invocation/negotiation formula, parallel to techniques used to influence the deu/spirit world
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Authority

NEW / provisional. Jesus commands wind, sea, fever, and demons directly, without ritual invocation (e.g. 4:39); pair consistently with ‘authority’ above so the two reinforce each other.

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