Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Revelation (English → Bodo)
Legend: Risk follows the baseline’s four-tier framework (Critical/High/Medium/Low). Reused = term/rendering already fixed in the Romans translation_memory.json; must be used exactly, unchanged. New = term first required by this curriculum; proposed rendering pending theologian confirmation per the baseline’s provisional-term convention. Chapters cited are load-bearing occurrences, not exhaustive concordance listings.
A. Reused Baseline Terms (Romans Language Package) — Enforced Exactly
| Term | Bodo Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Link | Key Revelation Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ईश्वर | Critical | Sovereignty of God over History | 1–22 (pervasive) | Never बाथौबुरै. |
| Jesus | जिसु | Critical | Return and Reign of Christ | 1,5,12,14,17,19,22 | Established form. |
| Christ/Messiah | मसीह | Critical | Return and Reign of Christ | 1,11,12,20 | Never one of many pantheon figures. |
| Lord | प्रभु | Critical | Worship of the Lamb; Lordship | 1,4,11,19,22 | Never बर’ऐ/बुरहा. |
| Holy Spirit | पबित्र आत्था | Critical | Sovereignty of God | 1,3,4,5,22 | ”Seven spirits” = fullness of the one Spirit, not seven beings. |
| Holy | पबित्र | High | Sanctification; Worship | 4,6,11,20,21,22 | Moral/relational, not ritual-purity-only. |
| Saints | पबित्र मानुष | High | Vindication of the Saints | 5,8,11,13,14,16,17,18,19,20 | Corporate; not a specialist ritual elite. |
| Church | मण्डली | Medium | Church as Bride | 1–3 (seven churches) | Distinct from नमासोलि. |
| Grace | मोफादांनाय दान | Critical | Assurance of Final Victory | 1:4; 22:21 | Not reciprocal-offering or merit. |
| Faith | बिश्वास | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 2:13,19; 13:10; 14:12 | Object = Jesus specifically. |
| Gospel | मंगल खबर | High | Worship of the Lamb | 14:6 (“eternal gospel”) | Not Brahma Dharma reform rhetoric. |
| Kingdom of God | ईश्वरनि राज्य | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ | 1:6,9; 11:15; 12:10 | Not territorial-political. |
| Resurrection | जिउनाय सोलायनाय | Critical | Return and Reign of Christ | 20:5-6; 11:11 | Never फिन जोनोम (rebirth). |
| Glory | महिमा | High | Worship of the Lamb | 1:6; 4:9,11; 5:12-13; 14:7; 21:11,23 | Not doudini trance-radiance. |
| Power of God | ईश्वरनि सक्ति | High | Sovereignty over History | 1:8; 4:11; 5:12-13; 7:12; 19:1 | Distinct from Kherai-pantheon sakti. |
| David | दाऊद | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ | 3:7; 5:5; 22:16 | Root/Key of David. |
| Israel | इस्राएल | Medium | Judgment/Vindication | 2:14; 7:4; 21:12 | Twelve tribes, New Jerusalem gates. |
| Peace | सान्ति | Medium | Assurance | 1:4 (greeting) | Relational, not household-protection ritual peace. |
| Thanksgiving | धिनानाय | Low | Worship of the Lamb | 4:9; 7:12; 11:17 | Doxological refrains. |
| Salvation | फोरायनाय | Critical | Assurance of Final Victory | 7:10; 12:10; 19:1 | Conceptual gap; teach from ground up. |
| Righteousness | धार्मिकता | Critical | Vindication of the Saints | 19:8,11 | Fine linen = righteous deeds; forensic base sense retained. |
| Providence | ईश्वरनि सामलानाय | High | Sovereignty over History | 17:17; 21:5-6 | Never भागी (fate). |
| Election | ईश्वरनि सायख | High | Sovereignty over History | 13:8; 17:8 (book of life from creation) | Personal, not impersonal fate. |
| Prophet/Prophecy | भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा / भाबिष्यत रां | Low/High* | Symbolic & Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1:3; 10:11; 22:6-19 | *Risk rises to High in Revelation given the false-prophet/beast contrast; never ओझा. |
B. New Terms Required for Revelation — Proposed Renderings (Pending Theologian Confirmation)
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Literal Meaning | Bodo Rendering | Bodo Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine Link | Key Chapters | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revelation/Apocalypse | ἀποκάλυψις | apokalypsis | ”unveiling, uncovering” | प्रकाशना | prokashona | High | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1:1 (title) | Must not be heard as divinatory disclosure resembling a doudini’s trance oracle; it is God’s own authoritative unveiling. |
| Lamb (of God/Christ) | ἀρνίον | arnion | ”little lamb/sheep” | मेसा गोरा | mesa gora | Critical | Worship of the Lamb | 5,6,7,12,13,14,15,17,19,21,22 (28x total) | Sits directly beside Bathou/Kherai reciprocal animal-sacrifice-for-protection logic; the Lamb’s once-for-all, worship-worthy self-sacrifice must be taught as categorically different from appeasement offerings. |
| Worship | προσκυνέω / λατρεύω | proskyneō / latreuō | ”to bow down/do homage”; “to serve/render cult worship” | आराधना | aradhana | Critical | Worship of the Lamb | 4,5,7,9,11,13,14,15,19,22 | Directly adjacent to reciprocal Bathou/Kherai devotional worship and Brahma Dharma’s devotional framework; must be taught as exclusive adoration due to God/the Lamb alone, both positively (true worship) and negatively (worship of beast/idols forbidden). |
| Throne | θρόνος | thronos | ”seat of authority” | सिंहासन | singhason | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | 1,4,5,7,12,13,14,16,19,20,21,22 | Established regional loan; low collision risk but should not evoke any perceived “seat” of Bathoubwrai at the courtyard sijou. |
| Angel | ἄγγελος | angelos | ”messenger” | स्वर्गदूत | sorgodut | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 1,5,7,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22 | Must be distinguished from Bathou/Kherai nature-spirits and ancestral spirits (देउ); angels are created servants of the one God, not members of a spirit-pantheon. |
| Elder(s) (24 elders) | πρεσβύτεροι | presbyteroi | ”elder ones, older men” | प्राचीन मानुष | prachin manwsw | High | Worship of the Lamb | 4,5,7,11,14,19 | Must avoid बुरहा/बर’ऐ, honorific elder-titles reserved (forbidden) for Bathoubwrai and Kherai-pantheon deities in the baseline; these are redeemed human/angelic worshippers, not deity-figures. |
| Living creature(s) | ζῷον | zōon | ”living being” | जिउ थानाय जीब | jiu thanai jib | High | Worship of the Lamb | 4,5,6,7,14,15,19 | Risk of assimilation to Bathou cosmology’s element-associated nature-spirits (the five sijou branches: earth/water/air/fire/sky); must be taught as created worshipping beings under God, not elemental spirit-guardians. |
| Satan / Devil | Σατανᾶς / διάβολος | Satanas / diabolos | ”adversary”; “slanderer” | शैतान | Shaitan | Critical | Sovereignty of God over History; Final Victory over Evil | 2,12,20 | Must convey a singular, wholly evil, doomed personal adversary — distinct from the morally ambiguous, appeasable nature-spirits (देउ) of Bathou cosmology. |
| Dragon / ancient serpent | δράκων / ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος | drakōn / ophis ho archaios | ”dragon”; “the ancient/old serpent” | महा सर्प / गुबुन साप | moha sarpo / gubun sap | Critical | Final Victory over Evil | 12,13,20 | Regional serpent-deity associations (e.g., Manasa devotion in the wider Assamese Hindu milieu) risk softening the dragon’s wholly evil, doomed character into an ambivalent or protective spirit-figure. |
| Beast | θηρίον | thērion | ”wild animal, beast” | महाजन्तु | mohajontu | Critical | Judgment of the Wicked; Final Victory over Evil | 11,13,14,15,16,17,19,20 | Symbol of anti-Christian worldly/political power; must not be conflated with any animal-spirit figure recognized in Bathou cosmology. |
| Mark of the Beast | χάραγμα | charagma | ”mark, stamp, imprint” | जन्तुनि निशान | jontuni nishan | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 13,14,16,19,20 | Contrast with God’s seal on believers; teach as an allegiance-marker, not a magical/occult tattoo; some regional tattoo/marking traditions among neighboring communities warrant careful, non-literalizing exposition. |
| Seal / to seal | σφραγίς / σφραγίζω | sphragis / sphragizō | ”seal, signet; to seal/mark” | मोहर | mohor | High | Sovereignty of God over History; Vindication of the Saints | 5,6,7,8,9,10,20,22 | Functions as divine ownership/protection marker; distinguish from protective threads/amulets used in folk ritual practice to ward off misfortune. |
| Testimony / Witness | μαρτυρία / μάρτυς | martyria / martys | ”testimony; witness (person)“ | सासी | sasi | High | Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution | 1,2,6,11,12,17,19,20 | Context-sensitive between “testimony borne” and “one who dies for that testimony” (martyrdom); especially weighty given Northeast India’s own historical experience of religious and political persecution. |
| Tribulation / Persecution | θλῖψις | thlipsis | ”pressure, affliction, distress” | दुख-कस्ट | dukh-kosto | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 1,2,7 | Must be distinguished from generic hardship and from the this-life misfortune-avoidance logic of Bathou/Kherai household offerings; this is suffering specifically for faithful witness to Christ. |
| Overcome / Conquer | νικάω | nikaō | ”to win, conquer, prevail” | जिनाय | jinai | High | Perseverance under Persecution; Final Victory over Evil | 2,3,5,6,11,12,15,17,21 | Must be taught as spiritual victory through faith, not military/territorial victory — a live sensitivity given the Bodoland region’s history of ethnic-political armed struggle. |
| Repent | μετανοέω | metanoeō | ”to change one’s mind/heart” | मन सोलायनाय | mon solainai | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 2,3,9,16 | Inward heart-transformation, not ritual atonement-offerings characteristic of Bathou/Kherai harmony-restoration practice. |
| Idolater / Idolatry | εἰδωλολάτρης / εἰδωλολατρία | eidōlolatrēs / -eia | ”image-worship(per)“ | मूर्ति आराधना | murti aradhana | Critical | Worship of the Lamb; Judgment of the Wicked | 2,9,21,22 | Bathou worship is aniconic (sijou plant, not images), risking under-inclusion; must broaden in teaching (not base gloss) to cover devotion to any created being/spirit/object, not images alone. |
| Sorcery / Sorcerer | φαρμακεία / φαρμακός | pharmakeia / pharmakos | ”potion-magic, occult ritual manipulation” | जादू-टोना खालामग्रा | jadu-tona khalamgra | Critical | Judgment of the Wicked | 9,18,21,22 | Direct overlap with the doudini’s Kherai-trance oracular role and the ओझा folk ritual specialist (already forbidden as a “prophet” gloss in the baseline); requires the most sensitive pastoral framing in the entire curriculum. |
| Alpha and Omega | Ἄλφα καὶ Ὦ | Alpha kai Ō | ”first and last letters of the Greek alphabet” | अल्फा आरो ओमेगा | Alpha aro Omega | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | 1,21,22 | Absolute-sovereignty title; must not be softened to mere greatness. |
| Almighty | παντοκράτωρ | pantokratōr | ”ruler of all” | सर्बशक्तिमान | sarboshaktiman | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 1,4,11,15,16,19,21 | Reinforces (does not replace) ईश्वरनि सक्ति; distinct from Kherai-pantheon sakti attributions. |
| Priest(s) | ἱερεῖς | hiereis | ”priests” | पुरोहित | purohit | High | Church as Bride; Worship of the Lamb | 1:6; 5:10; 20:6 | Corporate priesthood of all believers; distinguish from specialist ritual-priest classes (deuri/ojha-type roles) and from Brahma Dharma’s reformed priestly structures. |
| Bride | νύμφη | nymphē | ”bride” | दुलहि | dulohi | High | Church as Bride of Christ | 19,21,22 | Bodo clan (afad)-exogamous marriage customs and lineage-alliance expectations risk being imported onto this covenantal, exclusive-devotion metaphor. |
| New Jerusalem / Holy City | Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινή / πόλις ἁγία | Ierousalēm kainē / polis hagia | ”new Jerusalem”; “holy city” | नयां जिरूसालेम / पबित्र सहर | naya Jerusalem / pobitro sohor | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 | Standard transliteration + established पबित्र compound; low collision risk. |
| New heaven and new earth | καινὸς οὐρανὸς καὶ καινὴ γῆ | kainos ouranos kai kainē gē | ”new sky/heaven and new land/earth” | नयां सोरग आरो नयां हा | naya sworgo aro naya ha | High | The New Heaven and New Earth | 21:1 | हा (“earth”) coincides with the name of the “earth” element among Bathou’s five sijou-plant elements; must be taught as total cosmic re-creation, not a renewal of Bathou elemental cosmology. |
| Dwell / Tabernacle (God with his people) | σκηνόω / σκηνή | skēnoō / skēnē | ”to tent, pitch tent, dwell” | मानुषनि साथियाव थानाय | manwsni sathiyao thanai | High | New Heaven and New Earth | 7:15; 21:3; 15:5 | Must be distinguished from a doudini’s temporary trance-indwelling by a deity; this is God’s permanent, relational, covenantal presence with the whole redeemed community. |
| Book of Life | βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς | biblion tēs zōēs | ”book/scroll of life” | जिउनि किताब | jiuni kitab | Medium | Judgment of the Wicked; Vindication of the Saints | 3,13,17,20,21 | Standard image; low collision, moderate risk of being read as a mere record rather than the ground of final vindication. |
| Second Death | δεύτερος θάνατος | deuteros thanatos | ”second death” | दुबारि गोहोम | dubari gohom | Critical | Judgment of the Wicked | 2,20,21 | Acutely vulnerable to a rebirth/reincarnation misreading (as a “second” death within a repeating life-cycle) — exactly the फिन जोनोम concept forbidden for “resurrection” in the baseline; must be taught as final, eternal, non-cyclical separation from God. |
| Lake of Fire | λίμνη τοῦ πυρός | limnē tou pyros | ”lake of fire” | बोरनि दोबा | bworni dobha | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 19,20,21 | Conceptual gap: Bathouism has no afterlife-punishment category and Brahma Dharma supplies rebirth/karma, not eternal judgment; must be taught from the ground up, structurally parallel to “salvation” in the baseline. |
| Judgment | κρίσις / κρίμα | krisis / krima | ”judgment, verdict” | फैसला | phoisola | High | Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints | 14,16,17,18,19,20 | Must convey God’s personal, righteous, forensic verdict — not an impersonal, automatic karma-based retribution as in Brahma Dharma’s reformed ethic. |
| Wrath (of God/the Lamb) | ὀργή | orgē | ”anger, wrath” | ईश्वरनि गुस्सा | Isorni gussa | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 6,14,15,16,19 | Righteous, judicial anger against sin — not the capricious, easily-offended temperament sometimes attributed to nature-spirits/deities requiring appeasement in folk practice. |
| Thousand years / Millennium | χίλια ἔτη | chilia etē | ”a thousand years” | एक हजार बोसोर | ek hajar bosor | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ | 20 | Retain literal numeral; add interpretive-school teaching notes (Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation) without resolving the millennial-view debate in translation. |
| Babylon (symbolic) | Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη | Babylōn hē megalē | ”Babylon the great” | बाबिलोन | Babilon | Medium | Judgment of the Wicked | 14,16,17,18 | Symbolic representation of the corrupt world-system; distinguish from literal historical Babylon and avoid mapping onto any specific contemporary nation/political entity. |
| Death and Hades (personified) | ὁ θάνατος καὶ ὁ ᾅδης | ho thanatos kai ho hadēs | ”Death and Hades” | गोहोम आरो पाताल | gohom aro patal | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 1,6,20 | पाताल risks importing the Hindu-cosmology underworld concept (relevant given Brahma Dharma’s Hindu-influenced teaching); teach as personified powers wholly under Christ’s authority, not a literal geographic netherworld realm. |
| Word of God (Christ’s title) | ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ | ho Logos tou Theou | ”the Word of God” | ईश्वरनि सोदोब | Isorni sodob | Critical | Deity of Christ; Return and Reign of Christ | 19:13 | A Christological title of comparable weight to “Son of God” (already Critical in the baseline); must not be diluted to “a message from God” but taught as identifying Christ himself with God’s own self-expression. |
| King of kings, Lord of lords | βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίων | basileus basileōn kai kyrios kyriōn | ”king of kings and lord of lords” | राजायारनि राजा, प्रभुयारनि प्रभु | rajayarni raja, probhuyarni probhu | Critical | Lordship and Return and Reign of Christ | 17:14; 19:16 | Reinforces प्रभु’s exclusive, supreme lordship (baseline Critical entry); must never use बर’ऐ/बुरहा elder-titles that would place Christ within the Bathou pantheon. |
| Marriage Supper of the Lamb | γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου | gamos tou arniou | ”wedding/marriage feast of the Lamb” | मेसा गोरानि बिबाहनि जौलजाफार | mesa gorani bibahni jauljafar | High | Church as Bride of Christ; Worship of the Lamb | 19:7-9 | Combines Lamb (Critical) and Bride (High) risk factors; teach as covenantal consummation imagery, not literal clan-marriage alliance. |
| Faithful and True | πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός | pistos kai alēthinos | ”faithful and true” | बिश्वासजाब आरो सत्य | biswasjabw aro sotyo | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 3:14; 19:11; 21:5 | Both a divine attribute and a Christological title; must render identically across all three occurrences per cross-document consistency rule. |
| Abyss / Bottomless Pit | ἄβυσσος | abyssos | ”the deep, bottomless place” | अगाध खुंदि | agadh khundi | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 9,11,17,20 | The place of Satan’s confinement, wholly under God’s sovereign control; must not be read as an independent demonic realm rivaling God’s authority. |
| New Song | ᾆσμα καινόν | asma kainon | ”a new song” | नयां सान्दो | naya sando | Low-Medium | Worship of the Lamb | 5:9; 14:3 | Standard worship vocabulary; minor risk of flattening the “new” (redemption-specific) content of the song into generic praise. |
| Water of Life | ὕδωρ / πηγὴ τῆς ζωῆς | hydōr / pēgē tēs zōēs | ”water / spring of life” | जिउनि दै(से) | jiuni doi(se) | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth; Assurance | 21:6; 22:1,17 | Ties to the grace entry (freely given, δωρεάν); must resist a merit/exchange reading. |
| Tree of Life | ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς | xylon tēs zōēs | ”tree of life” | जिउनि बिफांग | jiuni bifang | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 2:7; 22:2,14,19 | Edenic restoration image; low collision risk, but note the leaves’ “healing of the nations” phrase should not be read through a folk-herbal-medicine/occult lens (cf. sorcery entry). |
C. Proper Names — Standard Transliterations (Low Risk unless noted)
| Name | Original | Bodo | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michael | Μιχαήλ | मीखाएल | Archangel, Rev 12:7. |
| Armageddon | Ἁρμαγεδών | आरमागेदोन | Symbolic place-name; teach as non-literal-geopolitical (Medium risk for interpretive framing). |
| Apollyon | Ἀπολλύων | आपोलुयोन | Glossed “the Destroyer”; Medium risk — a real being under God’s sovereign permission. |
| Jezebel (type-figure) | Ἰεζάβελ | जेजाबेल | Rev 2:20; retains OT-referential force, Medium risk for comprehension given assumed low OT literacy. |
| Hallelujah | Ἁλληλουϊά | हल्लेलुइया | Established regional transliteration form. |
D. Escalation Summary for Phase 2 Routing
- Critical (mandatory human theologian review, every occurrence): Lamb, Worship, Satan/Devil, Dragon/Ancient Serpent, Beast (as ultimate anti-Christ symbol in 13,17,19,20 contexts), Idolater/Idolatry, Sorcery/Sorcerer, Second Death, Word of God (Christological title), King of kings/Lord of lords — plus all Critical terms reused from the Romans baseline (God, Jesus, Christ/Messiah, Lord, Holy Spirit, Grace, Resurrection, Salvation, Righteousness).
- High (mandatory human theologian review): Revelation/Apocalypse, Angel, Elders, Living Creatures, Mark of the Beast, Seal, Testimony/Witness, Tribulation, Overcome/Conquer, Repent, Almighty, Priest(s), Bride, Dwell/Tabernacle, Lake of Fire, Judgment, Wrath, Death and Hades, Marriage Supper of the Lamb, Faithful and True, Abyss — plus reused High terms (Faith, Gospel, Glory, Power of God, Providence, Election).
- Medium (native speaker review): Throne, New Jerusalem/Holy City, New heaven and new earth (also flagged High for the हा-element resonance in the core passage specifically), Book of Life, Thousand Years, Babylon, New Song, Water of Life, Tree of Life — plus reused Medium terms (Church, Kingdom of God, David, Israel, Peace).
- Low (automated review sufficient): Michael, Armageddon, Apollyon, Jezebel, Hallelujah — plus reused Low terms (Thanksgiving).
This glossary extends, and must be read alongside, the baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. All Critical/High terms listed here should be added to translation memory as provisional entries pending theologian confirmation, per the Language Package’s version-increment convention, before Phase 2 segment translation begins.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: ईश्वर
Transliteration: Isor
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: बाथौबुरै (never use as the primary term for the biblical God; reserve strictly for describing traditional Bathou belief)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. ईश्वर (Sanskrit/Assamese loan, standard across Bodo Christian usage) is deliberately preferred over बाथौबुरै to avoid presenting the biblical God as the existing Bathou high god under a new name. REVELATION EXTENSION: pervasive throughout chs. 1-22; the book’s throne-room scenes (4-5, 21-22) require explicit teaching that God is the singular sovereign, not a great elder-deity presiding among the Kherai pantheon.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पबित्र आत्था
Transliteration: pobitro aatha
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: देउ (generic spirit-being from Bathou/Kherai pantheon, never use), बुरहा-बुरही आत्था (ancestral household spirits, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Must always be used in full. REVELATION EXTENSION: ‘the seven spirits before his throne’ (1:4; 3:1; 4:5; 5:6) is a symbolic reference to the one Holy Spirit’s fullness, NOT seven separate spirit-beings; must never be assimilated to the populated Bathou/Kherai spirit-world.
Jesus
Approved rendering: जिसु
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Established Bodo Bible form; verify against current printed copy. REVELATION EXTENSION: used throughout, notably as ‘the faithful witness, firstborn from the dead, and ruler of kings’ (1:5) and in the climactic ‘Come, Lord Jesus’ (22:20).
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: mosih
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never one of many deities or spirit-mediators in the Bathou pantheon. REVELATION EXTENSION: kingdom and priesthood given to his people through him (1:6; 11:15; 20:6).
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: probhu
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बुरहा/बर’ऐ titles reserved for Bathoubwrai and Kherai-pantheon elder-deities, never use for Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: applied to Christ throughout, combined into ‘Lord of lords’ (17:14; 19:16) and climactically invoked in ‘Come, Lord Jesus’ (22:20); never varied with a native elder-honorific for stylistic relief.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि गोरा
Transliteration: Isornni gwra
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवता गोरा (a lesser divine being’s son, an explicit downgrade)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: applied explicitly to the glorified Christ addressing the church at Thyatira (2:18); must not read as one divine figure among the many recognized in the Bathou pantheon.
Salvation
Approved rendering: फोरायनाय
Transliteration: phoraynai
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष (Brahma Dharma’s Hindu-derived liberation concept, never use), रैखाथि (Kherai-pantheon protection from misfortune, never use as a stand-alone gloss)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptual gap, taught from the ground up. REVELATION EXTENSION: celebrated as already accomplished in the great heavenly doxologies (7:10; 12:10; 19:1).
Grace
Approved rendering: मोफादांनाय दान
Transliteration: mwphwdangnai daan
Doctrine: Epistolary Greetings and Benedictions
Rejected alternatives: दान गोरोबनाय (reciprocal gift expecting return, rejected), पुण्य (Brahma Dharma merit-language, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: opens (1:4) and closes (22:21) the book exactly as it frames Romans’ epistolary sections; must resist both Bathou/Kherai reciprocal-offering logic and Brahma Dharma’s merit-based ethic, reinforced by the ‘without payment’ (δωρεάν) language of 21:6 and 22:17.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: धर्म (avoid the bare Sanskritic cosmic-duty sense from Brahma Dharma)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: applied to the bride’s ‘righteous deeds’ (fine linen, 19:8) and to God’s righteous judgments (16:5; 19:11); the forensic base sense (right standing received, not achieved) must be retained even where ‘righteous acts’ describes visible fruit, to avoid a performance-based misreading.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: जिउनाय सोलायनाय
Transliteration: jiunai solainai
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: फिन जोनोम (rebirth/reincarnation, absorbed into Brahma Dharma from Hindu teaching, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: applied to the two witnesses (11:11) and to ‘the first resurrection’ (20:5-6); the first/second resurrection framework requires explicit teaching since it has no parallel category in Bathouism (no eschatology) or Brahma Dharma (rebirth, not resurrection, categories).
Lamb
Approved rendering: मेसा गोरा
Transliteration: mesa gora
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: बलि पशु (generic sacrificial animal) — rejected, risks reducing the title to a repeatable appeasement offering rather than the once-for-all, worship-worthy sacrificial Lamb
Original: ἀρνίον
Category: Christology
NEW term. The book’s central Christological title (28 occurrences: chs. 5,6,7,12,13,14,15,17,19,21,22). Sits directly beside Bathou/Kherai reciprocal animal-sacrifice-for-protection logic; must be taught as a once-for-all, worship-worthy self-sacrifice, categorically different from appeasement offerings. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Word Of God Title
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सोदोब
Transliteration: Isorni sodob
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a message from God (diluting to a lesser prophetic mouthpiece figure), rejected
Original: ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW term. Christological title (19:13) of comparable weight to Son of God; identifies the rider on the white horse with God’s own eternal self-disclosure.
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: राजायारनि राजा, प्रभुयारनि प्रभु
Transliteration: rajayarni raja, probhuyarni probhu
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बुरहा/बर’ऐ honorific elder-titles reserved for Bathoubwrai and Kherai-pantheon deities, never use
Original: βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίων
Category: Christology
NEW term. Compound title (17:14; 19:16) asserting Christ’s absolute supremacy over every earthly and spiritual power.
Worship
Approved rendering: आराधना
Transliteration: aradhana
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying reciprocal Bathou/Kherai devotional exchange, rejected
Original: προσκυνέω / λατρεύω
Category: Worship
NEW term. Used positively (God/Lamb, chs. 4,5,7,11,15,19,22) and negatively (beast/idols, 13:4,8,12; 14:9,11) — a mistranslation here can invert the doctrine, not merely blur it. Mandatory standing validation check on the grammatical object of every occurrence.
Idolatry
Approved rendering: मूर्ति आराधना
Transliteration: murti aradhana
Doctrine: False Worship and Idolatry
Original: εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Sanctification
NEW term. Worship directed to any created being, image, or object instead of the one true God (9:20; 21:8; 22:15). Bathou worship is aniconic (sijou plant, not images); teaching must broaden the base gloss’s scope explicitly to any misdirected worship, including nature-spirit and ancestral-spirit devotion.
Sorcery
Approved rendering: जादू-टोना खालामग्रा
Transliteration: jadu-tona khalamgra
Doctrine: Condemnation of Sorcery and Occult Practice
Rejected alternatives: ओझा-based gloss (already forbidden in the baseline for ‘prophet’), rejected
Original: φαρμακεία / φαρμακός
Category: Sanctification
NEW term. Occult ritual manipulation of spiritual power, condemned repeatedly (9:21; 18:23; 21:8; 22:15). Direct overlap with the doudini’s Kherai-trance oracular role; requires the most pastorally sensitive framing in the curriculum, distinguishing occult manipulation from ordinary herbal medicine without dismissing readers’ own family histories.
Satan Devil
Approved rendering: शैतान
Transliteration: Shaitan
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict: Satan and the Dragon Defeated
Rejected alternatives: देउ (morally ambiguous, appeasable nature-spirit terminology), rejected
Original: Σατανᾶς / διάβολος
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term. Singular personal enemy of God and his people, decisively defeated and finally destroyed (2:9-10,13,24; 3:9; 12:9-12; 20:2,7-10). Includes ‘synagogue of Satan’ (2:9; 3:9).
Dragon Ancient Serpent
Approved rendering: महा सर्प / गुबुन साप
Transliteration: moha sarpo / gubun sap
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict: Satan and the Dragon Defeated
Rejected alternatives: बुरहा functioning as an honorific title rather than the ordinary adjective ‘ancient’, rejected, an ambivalent/protective serpent-deity framing resembling regional Manasa devotion, rejected
Original: δράκων / ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term. The dragon identified with Satan and the Genesis serpent (12:3-17; 20:2). Never appear without an accompanying defeat/doom verb in near context; must never be read as ambivalent or appeasable.
Beast
Approved rendering: महाजन्तु
Transliteration: mohajontu
Doctrine: The Beast and Antichrist Power
Rejected alternatives: any animal-spirit figure recognized in Bathou cosmology, rejected
Original: θηρίον
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term. The beast from the sea and its ally, symbolizing organized anti-Christian political/religious power (chs. 13,17,19-20).
Judgment
Approved rendering: फैसला
Transliteration: phoisola
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked
Rejected alternatives: an impersonal, automatic karma-based retribution framing familiar from Brahma Dharma’s reformed ethic, rejected
Original: κρίσις / κρίμα
Category: Judgment
NEW term. God’s righteous, forensic verdict, executed progressively through seals, trumpets, bowls, and finally at the great white throne. Always pair with an explicit divine-subject phrase (ईश्वरनि फैसला / मेसा गोरानि फैसला).
Second Death
Approved rendering: दुबारि गोहोम
Transliteration: dubari gohom
Doctrine: The Second Death and Eternal Punishment
Rejected alternatives: a rendering suggesting a death within a repeating rebirth cycle (फिन जोनोम-adjacent), forbidden
Original: δεύτερος θάνατος
Category: Judgment
NEW term. The single highest rebirth/reincarnation misreading risk in the curriculum (2:11; 20:6,14; 21:8, inside the core passage). Mandatory theologian-authored explanatory note at every occurrence stating this is final, singular, eternal separation from God, not a second iteration within an ongoing life-cycle.
First Resurrection
Approved rendering: सिगाब जिउनाय सोलायनाय
Transliteration: sigab jiunai solainai
Doctrine: The Millennium and Intermediate Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: फिन जोनोम-based rebirth-cycle framing, forbidden
Original: ἡ πρώτη ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
PROVISIONAL — pending theologian confirmation. Reuses जिउनाय सोलायनाय with a qualifying ‘first/earlier’ marker (20:4-6). The first/second resurrection framework has no parallel category in either source tradition and must be taught from the ground up.
High Risk Terms
Providence
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सामलानाय
Transliteration: Isornni samlanai
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: भागी (fate, never use)
Original: cf. Romans 8:28’s pronoia; enacted throughout Revelation’s judgment sequences
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never भागी. REVELATION EXTENSION: exceptionally exposed in the seal/trumpet/bowl sequences (chs. 6-16), whose numbered cadence could be reheard as impersonal cosmic clockwork rather than a Person unfolding purpose; also 17:17 and 21:5-6. Favor active-agent phrasing in narration.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सक्ति
Transliteration: Isornni sakti
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: देउनि सक्ति (spirit/deity power via doudini trance, avoid as substitute)
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: celebrated as belonging uniquely to God and the Lamb in the great doxologies (5:12-13; 7:12; 19:1); must be kept categorically distinct from सक्ति attributed to a doudini’s Kherai-trance state.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: God’s and the Lamb’s radiant honor in worship scenes and as the light of the New Jerusalem (21:11,23); avoid metaphors readable as doudini trance-radiance or oracular authority.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: दाऊदनि बेंसे
Transliteration: Daudni bense
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ῥίζα καὶ τὸ γένος Δαυίδ / σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: ‘Root and offspring of David’ (5:5; 22:16); resonates with the strong Bodo cultural value placed on clan (afad) lineage, a natural point of resonance to build from.
Adoption
Approved rendering: गोसोआव फैनाय
Transliteration: gwswao phoinai
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: υἱός (in context of 21:7, ‘he will be my son’)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: believers’ full son-status promised to ‘the one who conquers’ (21:7, inside the core passage); must not blur believers’ derivative, adoptive sonship with Christ’s unique eternal Sonship (Critical), even though the base word गोरा is shared.
Faith
Approved rendering: बिश्वास
Transliteration: biswas
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: भरोसा (generic trust, too weak alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: named as a mark of the persevering saints (2:13,19; 13:10; 14:12); the object must always be named as Jesus, since बिश्वास alone could be read as devotion transferable to Bathoubwrai or the wider Kherai pantheon.
Called
Approved rendering: फिनायाव
Transliteration: phinaiyao
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: मिनतिनाय (a plea/invitation, too weak)
Original: κλητός
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: applied to those ‘called and chosen and faithful’ alongside the Lamb (17:14); must be distinguished from a doudini being ritually ‘called’/seized by a deity during Kherai trance.
Saints
Approved rendering: पबित्र मानुष
Transliteration: pobitro manwsw
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: corporate designation whose prayers, perseverance, and blood recur throughout (5:8; 8:3-4; 11:18; 13:7,10; 14:12; 16:6; 17:6; 18:24; 19:8; 20:9); must not be narrowed to a specialist elite paralleling the doudini’s ritual role.
Gospel
Approved rendering: मंगल खबर
Transliteration: mangal khabor
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: सुसमाचार (Hindi loan, avoid as default)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον αἰώνιον
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the ‘eternal gospel’ proclaimed by the flying angel to every nation (14:6); not Brahma Dharma’s own reform ‘good tidings’ rhetoric of Sanskritized renewal.
Holy
Approved rendering: पबित्र
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: साफ (physically clean, ritual-purity sense only)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the triple ‘Holy, holy, holy’ (Trisagion, 4:8) must retain its threefold repetition, not be flattened to a single ‘very holy’; also the holy city/holy ones throughout.
Covenant
Approved rendering: गोसाथारि
Transliteration: gwsathari
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: διαθήκη (implicit, via Davidic/messianic promise)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: underlies the Davidic/messianic promises fulfilled in Christ (5:5; 22:16); confirm naturalness with a Bodo-speaking theologian, as no crystallized single covenant-theology term is attested in currently available Bodo Christian literature.
Sin
Approved rendering: गुनाह
Transliteration: gunah
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked
Rejected alternatives: दोष (fault/blame, too weak/civic)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: Christ ‘freed us from our sins’ (1:5); Babylon’s sins are remembered before God (18:5). Distinguish from ritual impurity addressed through Bathou/Kherai cleansing rites.
Election
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि सायख
Transliteration: Isornni saikho
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: भागी (fate/fortune, too impersonal)
Original: ἐκλογή (implicit; cf. ‘written in the book of life from the foundation of the world,’ 13:8; 17:8)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: those written in the book of life ‘from the foundation of the world’ (13:8; 17:8); must be distinguished from भागी, familiar from both folk belief and Brahma Dharma’s ethic.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भाबिष्यत रां
Transliteration: bhabishyot rang
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of Scripture
Original: προφητεία
Category: Scripture
Inherited from Romans package (risk elevated from Low to High for this curriculum). REVELATION EXTENSION: the book explicitly calls itself ‘this prophecy’ and guards its words with a canonical warning (1:3; 22:7,10,18-19); distinct from divinatory pronouncements by a doudini or ओझा.
Prophet
Approved rendering: भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा
Transliteration: bhabishyot songra
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ओझा (a traditional folk ritual specialist/diviner, never use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Scripture
Inherited from Romans package (risk elevated from Low to High for this curriculum). REVELATION EXTENSION: John and the two witnesses function prophetically, contrasted sharply with the false prophet (1:3; 11:3-10; 22:6,9).
Revelation Apocalypse
Approved rendering: प्रकाशना
Transliteration: prokashona
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: a divinatory/fortune-telling oracle disclosure resembling a doudini’s Kherai-trance pronouncement, rejected
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Scripture
NEW term for this curriculum. Book title and governing genre term (1:1). Must be taught as God’s own authoritative unveiling of true, symbolically-communicated realities, not a mediumistic oracle disclosure.
Almighty
Approved rendering: सर्बशक्तिमान
Transliteration: sarboshaktiman
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: देउनि सक्ति-based epithets reserved for Kherai-pantheon deities, never use
Original: παντοκράτωρ
Category: God
NEW term. ‘Ruler of all’ (παντοκράτωρ), used 9 times (1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7,14; 19:6,15; 21:22). Reinforces, does not replace, ईश्वरनि सक्ति; distinct from सक्ति attributed to a doudini’s trance state.
Wrath Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि गुस्सा
Transliteration: Isorni gussa
Doctrine: The Wrath of God and the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: a term implying capricious, easily-offended deity-temperament familiar from folk appeasement practice, rejected
Original: ὀργή
Category: Judgment
NEW term. God’s and the Lamb’s righteous judicial anger, climactic in the seven bowls (6:16-17; 14:10,19-20; 15:1,7; 16:1-21; 19:15). Must convey settled moral judgment, not a placatable temperament.
Faithful And True
Approved rendering: बिश्वासजाब आरो सत्य
Transliteration: biswasjabw aro sotyo
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός
Category: Christology
NEW term. Both a divine attribute (21:5) and a title of Christ (3:14; 19:11); must render identically at all three occurrences per cross-document consistency rule.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: मानसिनि गोरा
Transliteration: manwsini gora
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
Original: υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW term. Danielic title of the glorified Christ (1:13; 14:14), distinct from ‘Son of God’. Teach as a complementary title of exalted humanity/judging authority, not a downgrade.
Overcome Conquer
Approved rendering: जिनाय
Transliteration: jinai
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: a rendering evoking military/territorial victory, rejected as the primary sense given the Bodoland region’s ethnic-political armed-struggle history
Original: νικάω
Category: Faith
NEW term. The seven-letters refrain (2:7,11,17,26; 3:5,12,21) and the mark of final victory (12:11; 21:7). Must be taught as spiritual faithfulness through suffering, never military/territorial victory; anchor to 12:11’s self-glossing ‘by the blood of the Lamb and the word of their testimony.‘
Testimony Witness
Approved rendering: सासी
Transliteration: sasi
Doctrine: Testimony and Martyrdom
Original: μαρτυρία / μάρτυς
Category: Faith
NEW term. Spans ‘testimony given’ and ‘one martyred for that testimony’ (1:2,9; 6:9; 11:7; 12:11,17; 17:6; 19:10; 20:4); operative sense must be tagged per occurrence in the segment cache.
Tribulation
Approved rendering: दुख-कस्ट
Transliteration: dukh-kosto
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: generic hardship vocabulary that would collapse into the this-life misfortune-avoidance register of Bathou/Kherai household offerings, rejected
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Faith
NEW term. Affliction endured for faithful witness (1:9; 2:9-10; 7:14). Keep always collocated with ‘for Christ’s sake / for the testimony’s sake.‘
Priest
Approved rendering: पुरोहित
Transliteration: purohit
Doctrine: The Priesthood of Believers
Rejected alternatives: a specialist ritual-priest class term paralleling deuri/ojha-type roles or Brahma Dharma’s own reformed priestly structure, rejected
Original: ἱερεῖς
Category: Church
NEW term. Corporate priesthood of all believers (1:6; 5:10; 20:6). Keep always in corporate collocation with पबित्र मानुष; never modify to suggest an ordained specialist subclass.
Bride
Approved rendering: दुलहि
Transliteration: dulohi
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: νύμφη
Category: Church
NEW term. The Church/New Jerusalem as Christ’s bride (19:7; 21:2,9; 22:17). Bodo clan (afad)-exogamous marriage customs and lineage-alliance/bride-price expectations risk being imported onto this covenantal, exclusive-devotion metaphor; teach with explicit contrast (19:8, fine linen given by grace, not negotiated).
Elders
Approved rendering: प्राचीन मानुष
Transliteration: prachin manwsw
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: बुरहा/बर’ऐ honorific elder-titles reserved for Bathoubwrai and Kherai-pantheon deities, forbidden
Original: πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Church
NEW term. The twenty-four elders enthroned around God’s throne (4:4,10; 5:8,14; 11:16; 19:4). Redeemed human/angelic worshippers, never deity-figures; add to the standing forbidden-substitution watchlist against well-intentioned ‘upgrading.‘
Living Creatures
Approved rendering: जिउ थानाय जीब
Transliteration: jiu thanai jib
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: a rendering evoking the sijou plant’s five elemental branches (earth/water/air/fire/sky) as elemental spirit-guardians, rejected
Original: ζῷα
Category: Worship
NEW term. The four living creatures leading unceasing worship (4:6-9; 5:6-14; 6:1-7; 14:3; 15:7; 19:4). Created worshipping beings under God, not element-associated nature-spirit guardians.
Repent
Approved rendering: मन सोलायनाय
Transliteration: mon solainai
Doctrine: Repentance
Rejected alternatives: ritual harmony-restoration offerings/cleansing rites characteristic of Bathou/Kherai practice, rejected
Original: μετανοέω
Category: Sanctification
NEW term. Inward heart-transformation, the repeated call to the seven churches and to an unrepentant world (2:5,16,21-22; 3:3,19; 9:20-21; 16:9,11).
Revelation Of Symbolism Seal
Approved rendering: मोहर
Transliteration: mohor
Doctrine: The Sealing and Protection of God’s People
Rejected alternatives: protective threads/amulets used in folk ritual practice to ward off misfortune, rejected
NEW term (key ‘seal’). Divine ownership/protection marker used of the scroll’s seven seals (5:1-6:1), of believers marked as God’s own (7:2-8; 9:4), and negatively of not sealing up the book’s words (22:10).
Seal
Approved rendering: मोहर
Transliteration: mohor
Doctrine: The Sealing and Protection of God’s People
Rejected alternatives: protective threads/amulets used in folk ritual practice to ward off misfortune, rejected
Original: σφραγίς / σφραγίζω
Category: Scripture
NEW term. Signet/mark of ownership or concealment (5:1-6:1; 7:2-8; 9:4; 20:3; 22:10). Distinguish from folk protective amulets; God’s seal signifies belonging through faith, not an object’s independent protective power.
Angel
Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: sorgodut
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: देउ (Bathou/Kherai nature- or ancestral-spirit terminology), rejected
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
NEW term. Created heavenly messenger and servant of God, pervasive throughout the book as God’s agent in revelation and judgment.
False Prophet
Approved rendering: गुल भाबिष्यत सोंग्रा
Transliteration: gul bhabishyot songra
Doctrine: The Beast and Antichrist Power
Rejected alternatives: ओझा (folk ritual specialist/diviner), rejected — already forbidden in the baseline for ‘prophet’
Original: ψευδοπροφήτης
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term, built on the baseline’s prophet compound with a negating modifier. The beast’s deceiving ally, named explicitly from ch. 16 (16:13; 19:20; 20:10).
Mark Of The Beast
Approved rendering: जन्तुनि निशान
Transliteration: jontuni nishan
Doctrine: The Beast and Antichrist Power
Original: χάραγμα
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term. Allegiance-marker of the beast’s followers, contrasted with God’s seal (13:16-17; 14:9,11; 16:2; 19:20; 20:4). Must not be literalized as an occult/magical tattoo resembling regional folk-marking practice.
Abyss
Approved rendering: अगाध खुंदि
Transliteration: agadh khundi
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict: Satan and the Dragon Defeated
Rejected alternatives: an independent demonic realm rivaling God’s authority, rejected
Original: ἄβυσσος
Category: Cosmic Conflict
NEW term. Place of confinement for Satan/demonic forces, opened and sealed under God’s sovereign control (9:1-2,11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1,3).
Lake Of Fire
Approved rendering: बोरनि आरो गन्धकनि दोबा
Transliteration: bworni aro gandhokni dobha
Doctrine: The Second Death and Eternal Punishment
Rejected alternatives: a temporary purificatory state analogous to a rebirth-cycle correction, rejected
Original: λίμνη τοῦ πυρός καὶ θείου
Category: Judgment
NEW term. Place of final, eternal judgment for the devil, beast, false prophet, and all not in the book of life (19:20; 20:10,14-15; 21:8). Conceptual gap taught from the ground up, structurally parallel to the baseline’s ‘salvation.‘
Death And Hades
Approved rendering: गोहोम आरो पाताल
Transliteration: gohom aro patal
Doctrine: Final Judgment at the Great White Throne
Rejected alternatives: पाताल standing alone as a literal Hindu-cosmology underworld realm with its own ongoing agency, rejected as the primary sense
Original: ὁ θάνατος καὶ ὁ ᾅδης
Category: Judgment
NEW term. Death and Hades personified as defeated powers (1:18; 6:8; 20:13-14). Keep grammatically personified (agents ‘thrown into’ the lake of fire) rather than a place one ‘descends to’, to blunt the geography-reading risk from पाताल’s Hindu-cosmology associations.
Great Prostitute
Approved rendering: बेसारि माबोगिरी खालामग्रा
Transliteration: besari mabwgiri khalamgra
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked
Original: πόρνη
Category: Judgment
NEW term. Symbolic figure of corrupt, idolatrous worldly power allied with the beast (17:1-18; 19:2). Teach as a symbolic figure for systemic exploitative power, not commentary on any literal group or gender; pastoral sensitivity required.
New Heaven New Earth
Approved rendering: नयां सोरग आरो नयां हा
Transliteration: naya sworgo aro naya ha
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying renewal of the Bathou five-element cosmology (ha/earth as one of the sijou plant’s five branches), rejected as the operative sense
Original: καινὸς οὐρανὸς καὶ καινὴ γῆ
Category: New Creation
NEW term. Total, qualitative re-creation of the entire cosmos (21:1, inside the core passage). हा coincides exactly with the Bathou earth-element name; mandatory theologian teaching note at first occurrence stating this is a wholly new, once-for-all act of God unrelated to elemental cosmology.
Dwell Tabernacle
Approved rendering: मानुषनि साथियाव थानाय
Transliteration: manwsni sathiyao thanai
Doctrine: The New Jerusalem and God’s Dwelling with His People
Rejected alternatives: a doudini’s temporary trance-indwelling by a deity during Kherai puja, rejected
Original: σκηνόω / σκηνή
Category: New Creation
NEW term. God’s permanent, unmediated dwelling with his redeemed people (7:15; 21:3, inside the core passage; cf. 15:5). Keep framed as permanent and corporate, never a single medium’s periodic indwelling.
Incense And Prayers Of Saints
Approved rendering: धूप आरो पबित्र मानुषनि बिनयनाय
Transliteration: dhup aro pobitro manwsni binoinai
Doctrine: Angelic Ministry and Heavenly Worship
Rejected alternatives: ritual smoke-offering imagery from Bathou/Kherai practice, rejected as the primary association
Original: θυμιάματα … αἱ προσευχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων
Category: Worship
NEW term. Incense mingled with the saints’ prayers rising before God (5:8; 8:3-4). Symbolizes prayer ascending to God, not an appeasement-offering.
Altar
Approved rendering: बलिपीठ
Transliteration: bolipith
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: a Bathou/Kherai household or courtyard offering-site framing, rejected
Original: θυσιαστήριον
Category: Worship
NEW term. The heavenly altar beneath which the martyrs’ souls cry for vindication (6:9; 8:3,5; 9:13; 16:7).
Medium Risk Terms
Church
Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: mwndoli
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Rejected alternatives: नमासोलि (Bathou/Kherai shrine site or worship ground, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: addressed as seven representative congregations (chs. 1-3) and as the whole redeemed community elsewhere; must remain distinct from नमासोलि.
Apostle
Approved rendering: गोदान जायगारि
Transliteration: godan jaigari
Doctrine: The New Jerusalem and God’s Dwelling with His People
Rejected alternatives: दूत (generic messenger, too weak)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the twelve apostles’ names are inscribed on the New Jerusalem’s foundations (21:14); false apostolic claims are tested in 2:2. Distinguish from a generic messenger or guru role.
Mission
Approved rendering: मंगल खबरनि दायो
Transliteration: mangal khaborni dayo
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / κηρύσσω (cf. ‘eternal gospel to every nation,’ 14:6)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the church’s task of proclaiming ‘the eternal gospel’ to every nation, tribe, language, and people (14:6); frame as the church’s own ongoing calling, not a foreign historical project, given Baptist mission memory’s entanglement with colonial-era administration.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the twelve tribes are named on the New Jerusalem’s gates (7:4; 21:12); be aware of contemporary political sensitivity around this proper name.
David
Approved rendering: दाऊद
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (risk elevated from Low to Medium for this curriculum). REVELATION EXTENSION: Christ holds ‘the key of David’ (3:7) and is his ‘root and offspring’ (5:5; 22:16).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ईश्वरनि राज्य
Transliteration: Isornni rajyo
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ / τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: declared to have finally and fully come at the seventh trumpet (11:15); not territorial-political, despite the Bodoland Territorial Region’s strong contemporary association of Bodo identity with territorial political claims.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: गैर-जुथुद
Transliteration: goir-juthud
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: the peoples/nations of the earth, both as objects of the gospel’s reach (5:9; 7:9; 14:6) and as participants in Babylon’s corruption (18:3) and final healing (22:2); use with sensitivity given Bodo ethnic/territorial identity politics.
Peace
Approved rendering: सान्ति
Transliteration: santi
Doctrine: Epistolary Greetings and Benedictions
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: part of the opening greeting’s triad ‘grace and peace’ (1:4); relational, not household-protection ritual peace.
Alpha And Omega
Approved rendering: अल्फा आरो ओमेगा
Transliteration: Alpha aro Omega
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: a native paraphrase-only rendering that would break cross-verse title consistency, rejected
Original: Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ
Category: God
NEW term. First/last-letters title of absolute sovereignty (1:8; 21:6; 22:13). Must render identically at all three occurrences; must not be softened to mere greatness.
Book Of Life
Approved rendering: जिउनि किताब
Transliteration: jiuni kitab
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Original: βιβλίον/βίβλος τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology
NEW term. The heavenly register determining final destiny (3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27). Moderate risk of being read as a mere record rather than the ground of vindication rooted in God’s gracious election.
New Jerusalem
Approved rendering: नयां जिरूसालेम
Transliteration: naya Jerusalem
Doctrine: The New Jerusalem and God’s Dwelling with His People
Original: Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινή
Category: Church
NEW term. The holy city descending from God (21:2,9-27). Teach as a heavenly-descending gift, never a replacement claim on any earthly territory, given Bodoland’s own territorial-political salience.
Throne
Approved rendering: सिंहासन
Transliteration: singhason
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: θρόνος
Category: Worship
NEW term; established regional loan. God’s/the Lamb’s seat of sovereign authority (chs. 4-5,7,12-14,16,19-22). Should not evoke any perceived ‘seat’ of Bathoubwrai at the courtyard sijou; reserve strictly for God/the Lamb.
Apollyon
Approved rendering: आपोलुयोन
Transliteration: Apoluyon
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict: Satan and the Dragon Defeated
Original: Ἀπολλύων
Category: Angelology
Proper name/title, ‘the Destroyer,’ the angel-king of the abyss (9:11); a real being acting only under God’s sovereign permission, not an independent rival power.
Thousand Years Millennium
Approved rendering: एक हजार बोसोर
Transliteration: ek hajar bosor
Doctrine: The Millennium and Intermediate Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a cyclical yuga-like age framing from Hindu-influenced cosmology, rejected
Original: χίλια ἔτη
Category: Eschatology
NEW term. Christ’s and the resurrected saints’ thousand-year reign (20:1-7). Retain the literal numeral; teach the range of millennial-interpretive schools without resolving the debate in translation.
Babylon
Approved rendering: बाबिलोन
Transliteration: Babilon
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked
Rejected alternatives: mapping onto any specific contemporary nation or political entity, rejected
Original: Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη
Category: Judgment
NEW term. Symbolic name for the corrupt world-system allied with the beast (14:8; 16:19; 17:5; 18:2-24). Distinguish from literal historical Babylon.
Tree Of Life
Approved rendering: जिउनि बिफांग
Transliteration: jiuni bifang
Doctrine: The Tree and River of Life
Original: ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς
Category: New Creation
NEW term. Edenic tree restored in the New Jerusalem (2:7; 22:2,14,19). Ensure the leaves’ ‘healing of the nations’ imagery is not read through a folk-herbal/occult-remedy lens.
Water Of Life
Approved rendering: जिउनि दैसे
Transliteration: jiuni doise
Doctrine: The Tree and River of Life
Original: ὕδωρ / πηγὴ τῆς ζωῆς
Category: New Creation
NEW term. Spring/river of life-giving water given freely (21:6, inside the core passage; 22:1,17). Ties to the grace entry (freely given, δωρεάν); must resist a merit/exchange reading.
Curse Removed
Approved rendering: सान्दो जाबाय नङा
Transliteration: sando jabai nônga
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: οὐκ ἔσται … κατάθεμα
Category: New Creation
NEW term, descriptive phrase. Final removal of Genesis 3’s curse from creation (22:3).
Harvest
Approved rendering: लांदा
Transliteration: landa
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked
Rejected alternatives: prosperity/fertility associations of Mainao, the Bathou-pantheon goddess of wealth and rice honored in Kherai puja, rejected
Original: θερισμός
Category: Judgment
NEW term. Grain- and grape-harvest-of-wrath images depicting final ingathering/judgment (14:14-20). Must not be assimilated to agricultural-prosperity blessing associations.
Hidden Manna And White Stone
Approved rendering: देफनाय मान्ना आरो साफा गोथां
Transliteration: dephnai manna aro sapha gotham
Doctrine: Vindication of the Saints
Original: μάννα κεκρυμμένον / ψῆφος λευκή
Category: Scripture
NEW term. Symbolic reward-images promised to the overcomer at Pergamum (2:17). Cultural-symbolic images requiring explanatory teaching notes given assumed low Old Testament (manna) literacy.
Jezebel
Approved rendering: जेजाबेल
Transliteration: Jejabel
Doctrine: False Worship and Idolatry
NEW proper name/type-figure (2:20) for false teaching tolerated within the church. Retains Old Testament-referential force; comprehension risk given assumed low OT narrative literacy.
Amen Title
Approved rendering: अमीन
Transliteration: Amin
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Titles of Christ
NEW term. ‘The Amen’ as a title of Christ (3:14), paired with ‘the faithful and true witness’; transliterate per established regional liturgical convention, do not paraphrase.
New Song
Approved rendering: नयां सान्दो
Transliteration: naya sando
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ᾆσμα καινόν
Category: Worship
NEW term. The new redemption-song sung to the Lamb and by the 144,000 (5:9; 14:3). Minor risk of flattening the song’s specific redemption-content into generic praise.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धिनानाय
Transliteration: dhinanai
Doctrine: Doxological Refrains and Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. REVELATION EXTENSION: part of the heavenly doxological refrains (4:9; 7:12; 11:17); minor risk of ritual-thanks-offering misreading.
Michael
Approved rendering: मीखाएल
Transliteration: Mikhael
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict: Satan and the Dragon Defeated
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Angelology
Proper name; the archangel who leads heaven’s armies against the dragon (12:7). Must never be glossed as a title of Jesus himself (a Watchtower-specific doctrinal distinctive to be avoided per the translation landscape analysis).
Armageddon
Approved rendering: आरमागेदोन
Transliteration: Aromagedon
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: a literal, calculable geopolitical battle/date, rejected as the primary teaching frame
NEW proper/place name (16:16). Symbolic gathering-place for final cosmic conflict; teaching notes must explicitly warn against date-setting or mapping onto contemporary geopolitics, given known Watchtower-linked literature circulating regionally.
Gog And Magog
Approved rendering: गोग आरो मागोग
Transliteration: Gog aro Magog
Doctrine: The Millennium and Intermediate Reign of Christ
NEW proper names (20:8). No native referent; needs an explanatory footnote for reader background rather than textual expansion.
Hallelujah
Approved rendering: हल्लेलुइया
Transliteration: hallelooiya
Doctrine: Doxological Refrains and Thanksgiving
Original: Ἁλληλουϊά
Category: Worship
NEW term. ‘Praise the Lord’, the great worship-cry of ch. 19 (19:1,3,4,6). Transliterate per the baseline’s convention for established regional forms; paraphrase would break the worship-cry’s recognizability.
Referenced passages