Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Thessalonians (French)
Purpose
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, across all three chapters of 2 Thessalonians, with proposed French renderings and risk tiers. Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked (baseline reuse) and MUST be used exactly as recorded there; they are listed here for completeness and cross-reference only. New terms specific to 2 Thessalonians are marked (NEW) and require entry into translation_memory.json at Phase 2 Step 16 per the pre-flight instructions in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Risk tiers follow baseline convention: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) / High (human theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review recommended) / Low (automated review sufficient).
Chapter 1 Terms
| Term (English) | Greek | French Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | χάρις | grâce | High | Grace | Baseline reuse | No new nuance |
| peace | εἰρήνη | paix | Low | Peace with God | Baseline reuse | |
| church | ἐκκλησία | Église / église | High | Church as God’s People | Baseline reuse | Lower-case for local congregation per convention |
| faith | πίστις | foi | Medium | Faith | Baseline reuse | |
| love | ἀγάπη | amour | Medium | Perseverance under Persecution (companion virtue) | NEW | Guard against romantic/erotic default reading of “amour” |
| perseverance/endurance | ὑπομονή | persévérance | High | Perseverance under Persecution | NEW | Reject “patience” (too passive; historic Segond weakness) |
| affliction/tribulation | θλῖψις | tribulation(s) / affliction(s) | High | Perseverance under Persecution | NEW | Risk of collision with dispensational capital-T “Tribulation” pop eschatology |
| persecution | διωγμός | persécution | Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | NEW | Keep concrete, not abstracted |
| righteous judgment | δίκαιον / δικαία κρίσις | juste / jugement juste | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Adjacent to baseline “justice” (δικαιοσύνη) family; distinct sense (judicial action, not forensic status) |
| vengeance/retribution | ἐκδίκησις | rétribution / châtiment juste | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Reject bare “vengeance” (personal-vendetta connotation) |
| eternal destruction | ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος | ruine éternelle / perdition éternelle | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Touches eternal-conscious-punishment vs. annihilationism debate; render descriptively |
| from the Lord’s presence | ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ κυρίου | loin de la présence du Seigneur | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Semitic idiom, not literal “visage” |
| might/strength | ἰσχύς | force / puissance | Low | Deity of Christ (glory) | NEW | |
| saints | ἅγιοι | saints (+ gloss “tous les croyants”) | High | Sainthood | Baseline reuse | |
| calling | κλῆσις | appel | High | Divine Calling | Baseline reuse | |
| kingdom of God | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ | Royaume de Dieu | Medium | Kingdom Mission | Baseline reuse | |
| gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | Évangile | Low | Gospel | Baseline reuse | |
| obey (the gospel) | ὑπακούω | obéir (à l’Évangile) | Medium-High | Obedience of Faith (related) | NEW (collocation) | Response of faith, not merit-earning compliance |
| name of the Lord | ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου | le nom du Seigneur | Low | Lordship of Christ | NEW | |
| glorified/marveled at | ἐνδοξάζομαι / θαυμάζω | être glorifié / être admiré | Low-Medium | Deity of Christ | NEW |
Chapter 2 Terms (Core Passage 2:1-12 + 2:13-17)
| Term (English) | Greek | French Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| coming/arrival (of Christ) | παρουσία | avènement | High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | Watch collision with “Avent” (Advent, first-coming liturgical season) |
| gathering together (to Christ) | ἐπισυναγωγή | notre réunion auprès de lui | Medium-High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | Avoid importing a specific “rapture” schema not explicit in text |
| lord | κύριος | Seigneur | High | Lordship of Christ | Baseline reuse | |
| shaken (in mind) | σαλεύω | ébranlés | Low | The Day of the Lord | NEW | |
| mind | νοῦς | esprit / jugement | Low | — | NEW | Distinguish from πνεῦμα in same verse |
| a spirit(-utterance) | πνεῦμα (claimed prophecy) | une parole d’inspiration (lower-case) | High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | Must NOT render as capitalized “l’Esprit” (Holy Spirit) here |
| word/report | λόγος (spoken message) | une parole (rapportée) | Low-Medium | — | NEW | Context excludes Johannine “Word” sense |
| letter | ἐπιστολή | lettre | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions (letter authentication) | NEW | Anticipates 3:17 authentication concern |
| has (already) come | ἐνέστηκεν (ἐνίστημι, perfect) | est déjà arrivé / est déjà là | High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | Must convey “already present,” not merely “near” |
| Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου | le jour du Seigneur | High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | Core curriculum doctrine term |
| deceive (thoroughly) | ἐξαπατάω | tromper (complètement) | Low | The Day of the Lord | NEW | |
| apostasy/rebellion | ἀποστασία | l’apostasie | High | The Day of the Lord / Man of Lawlessness | NEW | French legal/secular sense narrows to individual religious defection; gloss required |
| revealed/unveiled | ἀποκαλύπτω | révélé / se manifester | Medium | Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Preserve “unveiling of hidden reality,” not bare “appear” |
| man of lawlessness | ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας | l’homme de l’impiété | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | REJECT “l’homme du péché” (Segond, reflects TR variant ἁμαρτίας, not critical text ἀνομίας) |
| lawlessness | ἀνομία | l’impiété / l’iniquité | High | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Distinct from ἁμαρτία (discrete sin); total rebellion against God’s law |
| son of destruction | υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας | le fils de la perdition | High | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Semitic idiom; do not paraphrase away |
| destruction/perdition | ἀπώλεια | la perdition | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | |
| the adversary/one opposing | ἀντικείμενος | l’adversaire | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Related but not identical to “antichrist” (ἀντίχριστος); do not silently conflate |
| exalts himself | ὑπεραιρόμενος | s’élève au-dessus de / s’exalte | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Echoes Isaiah 14 / Daniel 11 |
| object of worship | σέβασμα | objet de culte | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | |
| temple | ναός | temple | High | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | French “temple” cannot distinguish ναός/ἱερόν; collides with French Protestant building-sense of “temple” vs. “Église” |
| sit (enthronement) | καθίζω | s’asseoir (sur un trône) | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | |
| demonstrate/prove | ἀποδεικνύμι | se donner à voir comme / prétendre démontrer | Low-Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | |
| remember | μνημονεύω | se souvenir | Low | — | NEW | |
| that which restrains (neuter) | τὸ κατέχον | ce qui retient | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Preserve interpretive ambiguity; do NOT resolve referent in base text |
| appointed time | καιρός | son propre moment (fixé par Dieu) | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Divinely appointed, not merely calendrical |
| mystery | μυστήριον | mystère | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Watch Catholic devotional “mystère” resonance |
| at work/operative | ἐνεργέω / ἐνέργεια | est à l’œuvre / puissance active | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Keep consistent across vv.7, 9, 11 |
| the one who restrains (masc.) | ὁ κατέχων | celui qui retient | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Preserve masc./personal contrast with neuter v.6; same ambiguity caution |
| taken out of the way | ἐκ μέσου γένηται | soit écarté / retiré du milieu | Low-Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Idiom |
| the lawless one | ὁ ἄνομος | l’impie / le sans-loi | High | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Track consistently with “l’homme de l’impiété” (v.3) |
| destroy | ἀναιρέω | anéantira / détruira | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | |
| breath of his mouth | πνεῦμα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ | le souffle de sa bouche | Medium | Lordship of Christ | NEW | Echoes Isaiah 11:4 (messianic victory) |
| render powerless/abolish | καταργέω | réduira à néant / anéantira | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | |
| appearing/manifestation | ἐπιφάνεια | la manifestation (de son avènement) | High | The Day of the Lord | NEW | NEVER render “l’Épiphanie” (collides with Jan. 6 Nativity feast) |
| operative power | ἐνέργεια | la puissance active / l’action | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | |
| Satan | σατανᾶς | Satan | Low | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Stable transliteration |
| power, signs, wonders | δύναμις, σημεῖα, τέρατα | puissance, signes et prodiges | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | NEW | Must be marked as counterfeit/deceptive (ψεύδους), not genuine |
| falsehood/lie | ψεῦδος | mensonge | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | |
| deception | ἀπάτη | tromperie | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | |
| unrighteousness | ἀδικία | l’injustice | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Direct antonym of baseline Critical term “justice” (δικαιοσύνη) |
| those perishing | ἀπολλύμενοι | ceux qui périssent / se perdent | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | |
| love of the truth | ἀγάπη τῆς ἀληθείας | l’amour de la vérité | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Moral rejection, not mere intellectual doubt |
| saved | σῴζω | salut / être sauvé | Medium | Salvation | Baseline reuse | |
| send | πέμπω | envoie | Low | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Present tense — ongoing judicial action |
| a working of delusion | ἐνέργεια πλάνης | une puissance d’erreur / un pouvoir d’égarement | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Judicial hardening; cross-ref Romans 1:24-28, 9:17-18; God’s response to prior rejection, not arbitrary causation |
| believe (the lie) | πιστεύω | croient (au mensonge) | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Dark parody of saving faith |
| judge/condemn | κρίνω | soient jugés (et condamnés) | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Retain forensic, condemnatory force against therapeutic softening |
| truth | ἀλήθεια | vérité | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Watch postmodern relativizing of “la vérité” |
| took pleasure in | εὐδοκέω | ont pris plaisir à | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Preserve active, preferential force |
| chosen | εἵλατο (αἱρέομαι) | a choisis | High | Effectual Calling / Election | NEW | Cross-ref baseline “élection”; same French electoral-connotation caution |
| sanctification of the Spirit | ἁγιασμὸς πνεύματος | sanctification (de l’Esprit) | Medium | Sanctification | Baseline reuse | |
| faith/belief in the truth | πίστις ἀληθείας | la foi en la vérité | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | NEW | Contrast with 2:11-12 |
| tradition(s) | παράδοσις | tradition(s) | Critical | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | THE central French denominational flashpoint term; must define referent (Paul’s own apostolic teaching, oral + written) every occurrence |
| stand firm / hold fast | στήκετε / κρατεῖτε | tenez-vous fermes / tenez fermement | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Active, not passive |
| comfort/encouragement | παράκλησις | consolation / encouragement | Low-Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | |
| a good hope | ἀγαθὴ ἐλπίς | une bonne espérance | Low | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | |
| establish/strengthen | στηρίζω | affermir / fortifier | Low | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW |
Chapter 3 Terms
| Term (English) | Greek | French Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pray | προσεύχομαι | prier | Low | Prayer and Intercession | NEW | |
| word runs/spreads | τρέχῃ ὁ λόγος | que la parole poursuive sa course | Low | Mission (related) | NEW | Idiom |
| rescue/deliver | ῥύομαι | délivrer | Low-Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment (protection) | NEW | |
| faithful (of the Lord) | πιστός | fidèle | Medium | Faith (companion) | NEW | Keep distinct from “foi” (noun, human faith) — asserts God’s own trustworthy character |
| guard/protect | φυλάσσω | garder / protéger | Low | — | NEW | |
| command/charge | παραγγέλλω | ordonner / donner cet ordre | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Stronger, more authoritative than “exhorter” (παρακαλέω, baseline reuse) |
| direct the hearts | κατευθύνω τὰς καρδίας | diriger vos cœurs | Low | — | NEW | |
| endurance of Christ | ὑπομονὴ τοῦ Χριστοῦ | la persévérance du Christ | Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | NEW | Genitive ambiguity (modeled by / produced by Christ) preserved deliberately |
| disorderly/idle conduct | ἀτάκτως / ἀτακτέω | vivre dans le désordre / de manière déréglée | Medium-High | Perseverance under Persecution (practical outworking) | NEW | Link explicitly to eschatological confusion of ch. 2 |
| tradition (again) | παράδοσις | tradition | Critical | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Same rendering/caution as 2:15; here includes practical instruction |
| imitate / pattern | μιμέομαι / τύπος | imiter / modèle | Low | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | |
| work / eat | ἐργάζομαι / ἐσθίω | travailler / manger | Low | — | NEW | |
| right/authority | ἐξουσία | droit / autorité | Low-Medium | — | NEW | |
| busybody | περιεργάζομαι | se mêler des affaires d’autrui | Low | — | NEW | |
| quietness | ἡσυχία | calme / tranquillité | Low | — | NEW | |
| grow weary | ἐκκακέω | se lasser / se décourager | Low | Perseverance under Persecution | NEW | |
| obey this word (letter) | ὑπακούω τῷ λόγῳ | obéir à cette parole | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Reinforces apostolic authority of the letter itself |
| take note of/mark | σημειοῦσθε | notez cet homme / signalez-le | Low-Medium | Church discipline (related) | NEW | |
| associate closely with | συναναμίγνυμι | ne pas se mêler à / fréquenter | Medium | Church discipline (related) | NEW | Qualified immediately by v.15 |
| admonish | νουθετέω | avertir / reprendre (avec bienveillance) | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Distinct from “exhorter” (baseline, encouragement); carries corrective edge |
| peace | εἰρήνη | paix | Low | Peace with God | Baseline reuse | |
| greeting/mark (authentication) | ἀσπασμός / σημεῖον | salutation… marque distinctive / signe | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | NEW | Resolves 2:2’s forged-letter concern |
| grace | χάρις | grâce | High | Grace | Baseline reuse |
Chapters with No New Theological Vocabulary
None. All three chapters of 2 Thessalonians (1, 2, 3) contribute load-bearing terms requiring glossary entries, as documented above. Every chapter has been reviewed in full.
Risk Tier Summary (New Terms Only)
| Risk Tier | Count | Representative Terms |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 4 | παράδοσις (tradition), ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας (man of lawlessness), τὸ κατέχον / ὁ κατέχων (the restrainer) |
| High | 20 | παρουσία, ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου, ἀποστασία, ἀνομία, υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας, ναός, ὁ ἄνομος, ἐπιφάνεια, ἀδικία, ἐνέργεια πλάνης, κρίνω, εἵλατο (election), ὑπομονή, θλῖψις, δίκαιον/δικαία κρίσις, ἐκδίκησις, ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος, and others noted above |
| Medium | 30+ | μυστήριον, ἐνέργεια, σέβασμα, ἀντικείμενος, ψεῦδος, ἀπάτη, ἀγάπη, ἀτάκτως, νουθετέω, and others noted above |
| Low | 20+ | σατανᾶς, μνημονεύω, φυλάσσω, ἐργάζομαι/ἐσθίω, ἡσυχία, and others noted above |
This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json (version increment) and cross-registered in a bible_term_registry.json / doctrine_risk_registry.json extension for 2 Thessalonians before any Phase 2 segment translation begins, per the pre-flight checklist in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Man Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: l’homme de l’impiété
Transliteration: ho anthrōpos tēs anomias
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: l’homme du péché (Segond 1910, reflects Textus Receptus variant ἁμαρτίας, NOT the critical text ἀνομίας used here)
Original: ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3. THE title-term of this curriculum’s second named doctrine. REJECT ‘l’homme du péché’ absolutely — every occurrence requires human theologian review.
Restrainer Neuter
Approved rendering: ce qui retient
Transliteration: to katechon
Doctrine: The Restraining Power (Man of Lawlessness)
Rejected alternatives: l’Empire romain (inserted identification — forbidden in base text), l’Esprit Saint (inserted identification — forbidden in base text), le katéchon (scholarly neologism — avoid for lay/study register)
Original: τὸ κατέχον
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:6. Grammatically neuter (impersonal force). Must preserve this form, distinct from the masculine v.7. NEVER resolve the referent in the base translated text — identification belongs strictly in a flagged teaching note.
Restrainer Masculine
Approved rendering: celui qui retient
Transliteration: ho katechōn
Doctrine: The Restraining Power (Man of Lawlessness)
Rejected alternatives: identical fencing as restrainer_neuter — no interpretive identification permitted
Original: ὁ κατέχων
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:7. Grammatically masculine/personal, deliberately contrasted with the neuter τὸ κατέχον of v.6. Preserve the grammatical distinction; do not collapse both into one undifferentiated phrase.
Tradition
Approved rendering: tradition(s)
Transliteration: paradosis
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: enseignement / doctrine (nervous Protestant paraphrase — do not substitute for the base word), coutume / habitude (loses binding apostolic authority)
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:15, 3:6. THE single most French-culturally-loaded term in this curriculum: Catholic theology treats ‘la Tradition’ as co-authoritative revelation (Dei Verbum); French Protestants often reflexively avoid the word. Paul’s referent is his own closed, first-generation apostolic teaching (oral and written) — NEITHER the ongoing Catholic Magisterial sense NOR a term to soften away. MUST define the referent explicitly at every single occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: grâce
Transliteration: grâce
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: faveur, mérite
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Used 2 Thessalonians 1:2, 1:12, 2:16, 3:18 (epistolary greeting/benediction). No new nuance.
Church
Approved rendering: Église / église
Transliteration: Église
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: temple (building only)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Render lower-case ‘l’église’ for the local Thessalonian congregation (1:1, 1:4) per standard French convention, reserving capitalized ‘l’Église’ for the universal body.
Saints
Approved rendering: saints
Transliteration: les saints
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:10 (‘Christ glorified in his saints’); requires the same clarifying gloss (‘tous les croyants’) established in the baseline to avoid the canonized-intercessor reading dominant in French Catholic and everyday usage.
Lord
Approved rendering: Seigneur
Transliteration: Seigneur
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: maître, patron
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. The full title ‘τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ’ (notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ) recurs throughout 2 Thessalonians (1:1, 1:7-8, 1:12, 2:1, 2:8, 2:14, 3:16). CRITICAL forbidden substitution: never render ‘le jour du Seigneur’ as ‘le jour de Jéhovah’ (Traduction du monde nouveau pattern) — see 05_translation_landscape.md §4.1.
Election
Approved rendering: élection
Transliteration: élection
Doctrine: Divine Election and Calling
Rejected alternatives: chance, destin
Inherited from Romans package. Cross-referenced (not directly instanced lexically) at 2:13’s ‘a choisis’ (αἱρέομαι, a distinct Greek lexeme from Romans’ ἐκλογή); the identical French electoral-connotation safeguard applies. See new entry ‘chosen_election_verb’.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: justice
Transliteration: justice
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: vertu, droiture
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly instanced as a noun in 2 Thessalonians, but retained here because ‘ἀδικία’ (new entry ‘unrighteousness’) is its direct structural antonym at 2:10, 2:12; drift in either term damages the coherence of the righteousness/unrighteousness contrast spanning Romans and this letter.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: obéissance de la foi
Transliteration: obéissance de la foi
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: devoir religieux
Inherited from Romans package. Retained here as the doctrinal reference point for the related but distinct collocation ὑπακούω τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ (‘obey the gospel’, 1:8) — see new entry ‘obey_the_gospel’. Same caution: response of faith, not merit-earning compliance.
Perseverance
Approved rendering: persévérance
Transliteration: persévérance
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: patience (too passive)
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
NEW (2 Thessalonians), ὑπομονή. Used 1:4 (of the Thessalonians) and 3:5 (of Christ’s own endurance). Segond’s historic ‘patience’ now reads too weak/passive; use ‘persévérance’ consistently across every occurrence including ‘la persévérance du Christ’ (3:5).
Affliction Tribulation
Approved rendering: tribulation(s) / affliction(s)
Transliteration: tribulation(s) / affliction(s)
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: la Tribulation (capitalized dispensational technical term)
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Persecution
NEW (2 Thessalonians), θλῖψις. Used 1:4, 1:6. Must remain lower-case and concrete (‘les afflictions que vous endurez’) to avoid collision with capitalized dispensationalist ‘la Grande Tribulation’ popularized via translated English-language prophecy fiction in French evangelical/charismatic subculture.
Righteous Judgment
Approved rendering: juste / jugement juste
Transliteration: dikaion / dikaia krisis
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: δίκαιον / δικαία κρίσις
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians), δίκαιον / δικαία κρίσις. Used 1:5-6. Adjacent to but distinct from baseline ‘justice’ (δικαιοσύνη): here the adjective describes God’s judicial action against persecutors, not a believer’s forensic standing. Must not be conflated with ‘justification’ language.
Vengeance Retribution
Approved rendering: rétribution / châtiment juste
Transliteration: ekdikēsis
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: vengeance (personal-vendetta connotation)
Original: ἐκδίκησις
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians), ἐκδίκησις. Used 1:8. French ‘vengeance’ carries a strong personal-vendetta connotation, risking a wounded-pride portrayal of God rather than a righteous Judge.
Eternal Destruction
Approved rendering: ruine éternelle / perdition éternelle
Transliteration: olethros aiōnios
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: anéantissement (leans annihilationist)
Original: ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians), ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος. Used 1:9. Touches the live eternal-conscious-punishment vs. annihilationism debate; render descriptively without resolving the debate in the base translation.
Parousia
Approved rendering: avènement
Transliteration: parousia
Doctrine: Christ’s Return in Glory / The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: présence (Traduction du monde nouveau rendering — forbidden), parousie (acceptable only in commentary/footnote register, not running text)
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:1. Must be glossed as Christ’s future, visible return, not his first arrival at Bethlehem (‘avènement’ shares its root with ‘l’Avent’). NEVER render as ‘présence’ (Jehovah’s Witness Traduction du monde nouveau pattern supporting an invisible-1914-presence doctrine).
Spirit Utterance
Approved rendering: une parole d’inspiration
Transliteration: pneuma
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: l’Esprit (capitalized — would misread as the Holy Spirit himself)
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:2, one of three claimed channels of false teaching. MUST render lower-case and descriptively; never capitalize as ‘l’Esprit’.
Day Already Come
Approved rendering: est déjà arrivé / est déjà là
Transliteration: enestēken
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: est proche (too weak — mutes the error being corrected), est pour bientôt
Original: ἐνέστηκεν (ἐνίστημι)
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians), perfect tense of ἐνίστημι. Used 2:2. Must preserve ‘déjà’ (already); a weaker rendering would erase the very false claim Paul is refuting.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: le jour du Seigneur
Transliteration: hēmera tou kyriou
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: le jour de Jéhovah (Traduction du monde nouveau — forbidden)
Original: ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 1:10 (implicitly), 2:2. Present the term as this letter itself defines it (2:1-12), not an imported dispensational scheme nor a secular doomsday trope.
Apostasy
Approved rendering: l’apostasie
Transliteration: apostasia
Doctrine: The Great Apostasy
Rejected alternatives: étrangers (unrelated), une simple défection individuelle (under-scoped)
Original: ἀποστασία
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3. French legal/secular usage narrows this to an individual’s formal religious renunciation (laïcité conversion discourse). MUST be glossed at first use: ‘une rébellion généralisée contre Dieu’.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: l’impiété / l’iniquité
Transliteration: anomia
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: péché (too generic; erases the distinction from discrete sinful acts), anomie (false cognate — French sociological term for social normlessness, Durkheim; unrelated concept)
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3, 2:7. Companion term to ‘man_of_lawlessness’; consistency required across all occurrences. WATCH the false-cognate trap ‘anomie’.
Son Of Destruction
Approved rendering: le fils de la perdition
Transliteration: huios tēs apōleias
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: destiné à disparaître (loses idiomatic force)
Original: υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3. Stable Semitic idiom across Segond and Bible de Jérusalem traditions; cf. John 17:12 of Judas.
Temple
Approved rendering: temple
Transliteration: naos
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ναός
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4. French ‘temple’ cannot distinguish ναός (inner shrine) from ἱερόν (wider precincts), AND collides with French Protestant usage reserving ‘temple’ for the Protestant church BUILDING (vs. ‘Église’ for the body). Mandatory teaching note distinguishing both senses from the OT/Jerusalem-sanctuary sense intended here.
Lawless One
Approved rendering: l’impie / le sans-loi
Transliteration: ho anomos
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ ἄνομος
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:8. Substantive shorthand for ‘l’homme de l’impiété’ (2:3); must be tracked consistently.
Epiphaneia Appearing
Approved rendering: la manifestation (de son avènement)
Transliteration: epiphaneia
Doctrine: Christ’s Return in Glory
Rejected alternatives: l’Épiphanie (forbidden — January 6 feast of the Magi in French Catholic/civil calendar usage)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:8. Absolute prohibition on ‘l’Épiphanie’.
Unrighteousness
Approved rendering: l’injustice
Transliteration: adikia
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀδικία
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:10, 2:12. Direct structural antonym of baseline’s Critical term ‘justice’ (δικαιοσύνη); drift here damages the righteousness/unrighteousness contrast spanning Romans and this letter.
Working Of Delusion
Approved rendering: une puissance d’erreur / un pouvoir d’égarement
Transliteration: energeia planēs
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἐνέργεια πλάνης
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:11. Requires cross-reference framing to Romans 1:24-28 and 9:17-18 (baseline): God’s response to prior culpable rejection of truth (2:10), NOT arbitrary causation.
Judge Condemn
Approved rendering: soient jugés (et condamnés)
Transliteration: krinō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: seront évalués (therapeutic softening — forbidden)
Original: κρίνω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:12. Retain forensic, condemnatory force against contemporary therapeutic-discourse pressure toward a merely descriptive ‘evaluation’.
Chosen Election Verb
Approved rendering: a choisis
Transliteration: heilato (haireomai)
Doctrine: Divine Election and Calling
Original: εἵλατο (αἱρέομαι)
Category: Salvation
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:13. Distinct Greek lexeme from Romans’ ἐκλογή, but requires the identical French electoral-connotation safeguard as baseline ‘élection’.
Medium Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: foi
Transliteration: foi
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: croyance, religion
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:3, 1:4, 1:11 (the Thessalonians’ growing faith).
Salvation
Approved rendering: salut
Transliteration: salut
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: délivrance
Inherited from Romans package. Used 2:10 (those refusing ‘the love of the truth so as to be saved’) and 2:13 (‘God chose you…for salvation’); confirmed consistent with baseline sōzō/salut usage.
Calling
Approved rendering: appel
Transliteration: appel
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: vocation (clergy-narrowing risk)
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (κλῆσις). Used 1:11, ‘worthy of his calling’.
Holy
Approved rendering: saint
Transliteration: saint
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: pur
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies the corporate ‘saints’ usage at 1:10; no standalone adjectival occurrence requiring new treatment.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: sanctification
Transliteration: sanctification
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: purification
Inherited from Romans package. Used 2:13 in the collocation ‘sanctification de l’Esprit’ (ἁγιασμὸς πνεύματος); combine with ‘Esprit Saint’ per established gender/register conventions.
God
Approved rendering: Dieu
Transliteration: Dieu
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout (1:1-2, 2:11, 2:13, 2:16, 3:5).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Esprit Saint
Transliteration: Esprit Saint
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Used 2:13, ‘sanctification de l’Esprit’ — capitalized, the Person of the Spirit himself. MUST be kept distinct from the lower-case ‘une parole d’inspiration’ rendering of πνεῦμα at 2:2, which is a claimed prophetic utterance, NOT the Holy Spirit.
Father
Approved rendering: Père
Transliteration: Père
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:2, 2:16 (‘Dieu notre Père’).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Royaume de Dieu
Transliteration: Royaume de Dieu
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God and Suffering
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:5, ‘être jugés dignes du Royaume de Dieu, pour lequel vous souffrez’; reinforced baseline caution against political/nationalist ‘Royaume’ associations, with the added caution that present suffering must not be read as earning entrance by merit.
Glory
Approved rendering: gloire
Transliteration: gloire
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:9 (‘la gloire de sa force’), 2:14 (‘la gloire de notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ’).
Love
Approved rendering: amour
Transliteration: amour
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution (companion virtue)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 1:3, the Thessalonians’ growing love for one another amid persecution. Secular French ‘amour’ defaults to romantic/erotic connotations; must be anchored explicitly as fraternal, self-giving covenant love, paralleling the baseline’s care distinguishing ‘communion fraternelle’ from bare ‘communion’.
Persecution
Approved rendering: persécution
Transliteration: persécution
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: difficulté (too abstract)
Original: διωγμός
Category: Persecution
NEW (2 Thessalonians), διωγμός. Used 1:4. Keep concrete, real social/legal hostility.
From The Lords Presence
Approved rendering: loin de la présence du Seigneur
Transliteration: apo prosōpou tou kyriou
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: loin du visage du Seigneur (overly literal)
Original: ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 1:9. Semitic idiom (‘face’ = presence); do not render literally as ‘visage’.
Letter
Approved rendering: lettre
Transliteration: epistolē
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Authentic Teaching
Original: ἐπιστολή
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:2; anticipates 3:17’s letter-authentication concern. A possibly forged letter falsely attributed to Paul is apparently already circulating.
Revealed Unveiled
Approved rendering: révélé / se manifester
Transliteration: apokalyptō
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: apparaître (loses the ‘unveiling of something hidden’ nuance)
Original: ἀποκαλύπτω
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3, 2:6, 2:8.
Destruction Perdition
Approved rendering: la perdition
Transliteration: apōleia
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἀπώλεια
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3.
Adversary
Approved rendering: l’adversaire
Transliteration: antikeimenos
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: l’Antéchrist (lexically distinct NT term ἀντίχριστος, used only in 1-2 John; not present in this text — do not introduce)
Original: ἀντικείμενος
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4. Thematically adjacent to, but not lexically identical with, ‘antichrist’; must not be silently conflated.
Exalts Himself
Approved rendering: s’élève au-dessus de / s’exalte lui-même
Transliteration: hyperairomai
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὑπεραίρομαι
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4. Echoes Daniel 11:36-37 and Isaiah 14:13-14; preserve the intertextual link in teaching notes.
Object Of Worship
Approved rendering: objet de culte
Transliteration: sebasma
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: σέβασμα
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4.
Sit Enthronement
Approved rendering: s’asseoir (sur un trône)
Transliteration: kathizō
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: καθίζω
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4.
Appointed Time
Approved rendering: son propre moment (fixé par Dieu)
Transliteration: kairos
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: καιρός
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:6. Must convey a divinely appointed, not merely calendrical, moment.
Mystery
Approved rendering: mystère
Transliteration: mystērion
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:7, ‘le mystère de l’impiété’. French ‘mystère’ carries Catholic devotional resonance (mystères du Rosaire, mystère eucharistique); add clarifying phrase on first use (‘la réalité cachée…déjà à l’œuvre’).
At Work Operative
Approved rendering: est à l’œuvre / opère déjà
Transliteration: energeō
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἐνεργέω
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:7. Shares the ἐνέργεια root family with 2:9, 2:11; keep renderings consistent.
Destroy
Approved rendering: anéantira / détruira
Transliteration: anaireō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀναιρέω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:8.
Breath Of His Mouth
Approved rendering: le souffle de sa bouche
Transliteration: pneuma tou stomatos autou
Doctrine: Christ’s Return in Glory
Original: πνεῦμα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:8. Deliberate echo of Isaiah 11:4 (messianic victory); flag intertextual link in teaching notes.
Render Powerless
Approved rendering: réduira à néant / anéantira
Transliteration: katargeō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: καταργέω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:8.
Operative Power
Approved rendering: la puissance active / l’action
Transliteration: energeia
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: énergie (false-cognate risk: modern physics/vitalism associations)
Original: ἐνέργεια
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:9. Keep consistent with 2:7, 2:11 ἐνέργεια family.
Signs And Wonders Counterfeit
Approved rendering: puissance, signes et prodiges
Transliteration: dynamis, sēmeia, terata
Doctrine: Satan’s Counterfeit Signs
Original: δύναμις, σημεῖα, τέρατα
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:9. Must always retain the qualifying ‘ψεύδους’ (mensonge/tromperie) in immediate context; a dark parody of Acts 2:22’s authenticated apostolic signs.
Falsehood Lie
Approved rendering: mensonge
Transliteration: pseudos
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ψεῦδος
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:9, 2:11.
Deception
Approved rendering: tromperie
Transliteration: apatē
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀπάτη
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:10.
Those Perishing
Approved rendering: ceux qui périssent / se perdent
Transliteration: apollymenoi
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀπολλύμενοι
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:10.
Love Of The Truth
Approved rendering: l’amour de la vérité
Transliteration: agapē tēs alētheias
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀγάπη τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:10. The refusal in view is a moral rejection of a love they were offered, not intellectual doubt.
Believe The Lie
Approved rendering: croient (au mensonge)
Transliteration: pisteuō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: πιστεύω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:11. Same verb as saving faith elsewhere in the NT; context alone signals the tragic reversal.
Truth
Approved rendering: vérité
Transliteration: alētheia
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:10, 2:12, 2:13. Watch postmodern relativizing tendencies applied to ‘la vérité’ in secular French discourse.
Took Pleasure In
Approved rendering: ont pris plaisir à
Transliteration: eudokeō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: εὐδοκέω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:12. Must retain the active, preferential force — not merely ‘did’ or ‘committed’.
Sanctification Of The Spirit
Approved rendering: sanctification (de l’Esprit)
Transliteration: hagiasmos pneumatos
Doctrine: Sanctification and Belief in the Truth
Original: ἁγιασμὸς πνεύματος
Category: Sanctification
NEW (2 Thessalonians) collocation combining baseline ‘sanctification’ and ‘Esprit Saint’. Used 2:13.
Faith In The Truth
Approved rendering: la foi en la vérité
Transliteration: pistis alētheias
Doctrine: Sanctification and Belief in the Truth
Original: πίστις ἀληθείας
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:13. Reinforces deliberate contrast with 2:11-12’s ‘believing the lie’.
Stand Firm Hold Fast
Approved rendering: tenez-vous fermes / tenez fermement
Transliteration: stēkete / krateite
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: demeurez (too passive)
Original: στήκετε / κρατεῖτε
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:15. Active postures of resistance; keep vigorous, not passive.
Faithful Of The Lord
Approved rendering: le Seigneur est fidèle
Transliteration: pistos
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness and Protection
Original: πιστός
Category: God
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:3. ‘Fidèle’ (God’s own trustworthy character) must be kept distinct from ‘foi’ (human believing), though visibly cognate in French.
Command Charge
Approved rendering: ordonner / donner cet ordre
Transliteration: parangellō
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: suggérer, recommander (undersell apostolic authority)
Original: παραγγέλλω
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:4, 3:6, 3:10, 3:12. Stronger, more authoritative than ‘exhorter’ (baseline).
Endurance Of Christ
Approved rendering: la persévérance du Christ
Transliteration: hypomonē tou Christou
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: ὑπομονὴ τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Perseverance
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:5. Genitive ambiguity (modeled by / produced by Christ) preserved deliberately.
Obey This Word
Approved rendering: obéir à cette parole (par lettre)
Transliteration: hypakouō tō logō
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Authentic Teaching
Original: ὑπακούω τῷ λόγῳ
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:14. Reinforces that this letter carries binding apostolic authority, tying back to 2:2’s forged-letter concern.
Associate Closely With
Approved rendering: ne pas se mêler à / fréquenter
Transliteration: synanamignymi
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Admonition
Rejected alternatives: rompre avec / s’écarter de (too severe — reads as excommunication)
Original: συναναμίγνυμι
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:14. Must remain immediately qualified by v.15’s ‘not as an enemy’.
Admonish
Approved rendering: avertir / reprendre (avec bienveillance)
Transliteration: noutheteō
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Admonition
Original: νουθετέω
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:15. Corrective, warning edge, distinct from baseline ‘exhorter’; posture must remain familial (‘as a brother’), not adversarial.
Greeting Authentication Mark
Approved rendering: salutation… qui est ma marque distinctive / le signe (d’authenticité)
Transliteration: aspasmos / sēmeion
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Authentic Teaching
Original: ἀσπασμός / σημεῖον
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:17. Directly resolves the forged-letter concern raised at 2:2; teaching notes should make this narrative bracket explicit.
Low Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Évangile
Transliteration: Évangile
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: bonne nouvelle (informal only)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Used in 2 Thessalonians 1:8 (obeying the gospel) and throughout the epistolary frame; no new nuance.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jésus
Transliteration: Jésus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Inherited from Romans package. Stable across all French traditions; used throughout as part of ‘notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ’.
Christ
Approved rendering: Christ
Transliteration: Christ
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
NEW entry for this curriculum, though the rendering itself is the universally stable French Bible-translation form and requires no new decision. Used throughout as part of the full title ‘notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ’. Distinct from baseline’s ‘messiah’ (Messie) entry, which renders the OT-title sense; ‘Christ’ here functions as part of the fixed proper name.
Peace
Approved rendering: paix
Transliteration: paix
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Used 1:2 (greeting), 3:16 (benediction, ‘le Seigneur de la paix’).
Exhort
Approved rendering: exhorter
Transliteration: exhorter
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Inherited from Romans package (παρακαλέω). Used 3:12 (‘nous les exhortons/encourageons’); keep register distinct from the stronger ‘ordonner’ (παραγγέλλω, new entry ‘command_charge’) and from the corrective ‘avertir’ (νουθετέω, new entry ‘admonish’).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: action de grâce
Transliteration: action de grâce
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies 1:3’s εὐχαριστοῦμεν (‘nous devons rendre grâces / remercier Dieu’); minor Eucharistic-liturgy overlap note carries over unchanged from baseline.
Might Strength
Approved rendering: force / puissance
Transliteration: ischys
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἰσχύς
Category: God
NEW (2 Thessalonians), ἰσχύς. Used 1:9, ‘la gloire de sa force’.
Name Of The Lord
Approved rendering: le nom du Seigneur
Transliteration: onoma tou kyriou
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Christology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 1:12.
Shaken
Approved rendering: ébranlés
Transliteration: saleuō
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: σαλεύω
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:2.
Mind
Approved rendering: esprit / jugement
Transliteration: nous
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: νοῦς
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:2; distinguish from πνεῦμα (‘spirit-utterance’) in the same verse.
Deceive
Approved rendering: tromper (complètement)
Transliteration: exapataō
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἐξαπατάω
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:3.
Remember
Approved rendering: vous souvenir
Transliteration: mnēmoneuō
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: μνημονεύω
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:5; Paul appeals to prior oral teaching.
Satan
Approved rendering: Satan
Transliteration: satanas
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Powers
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:9. Stable transliteration across all French Bible traditions.
Send
Approved rendering: envoie
Transliteration: pempō
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: πέμπω
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:11. Present tense — ongoing judicial action, not merely future.
Good Hope
Approved rendering: une bonne espérance
Transliteration: agathē elpis
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: ἀγαθὴ ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:16.
Establish Strengthen
Approved rendering: affermir / fortifier
Transliteration: stērizō
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: στηρίζω
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:17.
Pray
Approved rendering: prier
Transliteration: proseuchomai
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: προσεύχομαι
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:1.
Word Runs
Approved rendering: que la parole du Seigneur poursuive sa course
Transliteration: trechē ho logos
Doctrine: The Word of the Lord Advancing
Original: τρέχῃ ὁ λόγος
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:1, idiom.
Guard Protect
Approved rendering: garder / protéger
Transliteration: phylassō
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness and Protection
Original: φυλάσσω
Category: God
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:3, ‘du malin/du mal’.
Direct Hearts
Approved rendering: diriger vos cœurs
Transliteration: kateuthynō tas kardias
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: κατευθύνω τὰς καρδίας
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:5.
Imitate Pattern
Approved rendering: imiter / modèle
Transliteration: mimeomai / typos
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: μιμέομαι / τύπος
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:7, 3:9.
Work Eat
Approved rendering: travailler / manger
Transliteration: ergazomai / esthiō
Doctrine: Idleness and Faithful Labor
Original: ἐργάζομαι / ἐσθίω
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:8, 3:10, proverbial.
Busybody
Approved rendering: se mêler des affaires d’autrui
Transliteration: periergazomai
Doctrine: Idleness and Faithful Labor
Original: περιεργάζομαι
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:11.
Quietness
Approved rendering: calme / tranquillité
Transliteration: hēsychia
Doctrine: Idleness and Faithful Labor
Original: ἡσυχία
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:12.
Grow Weary
Approved rendering: se lasser / se décourager
Transliteration: ekkakeō
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: ἐκκακέω
Category: Perseverance
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:13.
Medium-High Risk Terms
Obey The Gospel
Approved rendering: obéir (à l’Évangile)
Transliteration: hypakouō tō euangeliō
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπακούω τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians) collocation, distinct from baseline’s noun phrase ὑπακοὴ πίστεως. Used 1:8. Must be read as the appropriate response of faith to the gospel call, not merit-earning compliance.
Episynagoge
Approved rendering: notre réunion auprès de lui
Transliteration: episynagōgē
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: enlèvement (imports a specific pre-tribulational rapture schema)
Original: ἐπισυναγωγή
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:1. Render descriptively; do not import a technical rapture doctrine not explicit in the Greek.
Disorderly Idle Conduct
Approved rendering: vivre dans le désordre / d’une manière déréglée / oisive
Transliteration: ataktōs / atakteō
Doctrine: Idleness and Faithful Labor
Original: ἀτάκτως / ἀτακτέω
Category: Perseverance
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:6, 3:7, 3:11. Practical-life consequence of the eschatological confusion of chapter 2; make the causal link explicit in teaching materials.
Low-Medium Risk Terms
Glorified Marveled At
Approved rendering: être glorifié / être admiré (avec émerveillement)
Transliteration: endoxazomai / thaumazō
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἐνδοξάζομαι / θαυμάζω
Category: Christology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 1:10, 1:12; keep the reciprocal glorification (Christ in the saints, the saints in him) clear.
Spoken Report
Approved rendering: une parole (rapportée)
Transliteration: logos
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: λόγος
Category: General
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:2; context excludes a Johannine ‘Word’ reading.
Demonstrate Prove
Approved rendering: se donner à voir comme / prétendre démontrer qu’il est
Transliteration: apodeiknymi
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἀποδεικνύμι
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:4.
Taken Out Of The Way
Approved rendering: soit écarté / retiré du milieu
Transliteration: ek mesou genētai
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἐκ μέσου γένηται
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:7, idiom.
Comfort Encouragement
Approved rendering: consolation / encouragement
Transliteration: paraklēsis
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: παράκλησις
Category: Faith
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 2:16.
Rescue Deliver
Approved rendering: délivrer
Transliteration: rhyomai
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness and Protection
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Judgment
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:2, ‘des hommes méchants et pervers’.
Right Authority
Approved rendering: droit / autorité
Transliteration: exousia
Doctrine: Idleness and Faithful Labor
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:9.
Take Note Mark
Approved rendering: notez cet homme / signalez-le
Transliteration: sēmeioomai
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Admonition
Original: σημειοῦσθε
Category: Church
NEW (2 Thessalonians). Used 3:14. A mild form of church discipline (identification, not expulsion).
Referenced passages