Core Glossary
Core Glossary: 2 John
Section 1 — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
These terms occur in 2 John and MUST use the Romans baseline rendering without modification.
| English term | Greek | Marathi (baseline) | Transliteration | Risk | 2 John occurrence(s) | Baseline doctrine tie-in |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός | परमेश्वर | Parameśvar | Critical | v.3 (θεοῦ πατρός) | Deity of Christ / God |
| Father | πατήρ | पिता | Pitā | Critical | v.3, v.4, v.9 | Adoption / Sonship of Christ |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | येशू | Yeśū | Critical | v.3, v.7 | Lordship of Christ |
| Son of God (Sonship) | υἱὸς (τοῦ πατρός) | देवाचा पुत्र | devācā putra | Critical | v.3 (“the Son of the Father”), v.9 | Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ |
| Incarnation | ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί | देहधारण | dehadhāraṇ | Critical | v.7 | Incarnation |
| Grace | χάρις | कृपा | kṛpā | Critical | v.3 | Grace |
| Peace | εἰρήνη | शांती | śāntī | Medium | v.3 | Peace with God |
| Fellowship (root; NOTE polarity flips negative at v.11) | κοινωνία-root (κοινωνέω) | सहभागिता (root) | sahabhāgitā | Low (baseline) / flag High here | v.11 (negative sense) | Christian Fellowship — flagged for polarity reversal, see Section 2 |
| Election (root, adjectival here) | ἐκλεκτός/ἐκλεκτή | देवाची निवड (root; adjectival form निवडलेला/निवडलेली derived) | devācī nivaḍ / nivaḍlelā-lī | High | v.1, v.13 (ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ; τῆς ἀδελφῆς…τῆς ἐκλεκτῆς) | Effectual Calling / Election |
| Christ (proper name/title) | Χριστός | ख्रिस्त | Khrist | Critical | v.3, v.7, v.9 (x2) | Messianic Promise (transliteration standard per 12_ai doc) |
Section 2 — New Terms Required for 2 John (Not in Romans Baseline)
| English term | Greek (transliteration) | Literal meaning | Marathi rendering | Marathi transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Primary passage(s) | Rejected alternatives & reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Truth | ἀλήθεια (alētheia) | that which is real/unconcealed | सत्य | satya | High | Walking in Truth and Love | vv.1,2,3,4 | None rejected outright — सत्य is the only viable standard term — but requires mandatory contextual anchoring to apostolic testimony about Christ, since सत्य is independently loaded with Advaita Vedantic (Brahman as Sat), Gandhian (Satyagraha), and Buddhist (Four Noble Truths, sacca) associations that must not be allowed to override its specific referent here. |
| Love (agapē) | ἀγάπη (agapē) | covenantal, willed, self-giving love | प्रीती | prīti | High | Walking in Truth and Love | vv.1,3,5,6 | प्रेम rejected as primary term — too easily read as romantic/generic love and risks collision with भक्तिप्रेम (Radha-Krishna devotional-erotic love in Vaishnav bhakti poetry); प्रीती retained as the established formal Marathi Bible register term (cf. John 3:16 usage). |
| Elder (office) | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | older man; recognized church office | वडील | vaḍīl | Medium | (Author’s authority undergirding the letter’s instructions) | v.1 | गुरू rejected (implies self-attained teaching authority, per baseline’s rejection of गुरू for “apostle”); वडील preferred as it names a recognized, delegated congregational office. |
| Elect lady / chosen lady | ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ (eklektē kyria) | chosen + lady/madam (honorific) | निवडलेली बाई | nivaḍlelī bāī | High | Election (adjective) + epistolary address | v.1, v.5, v.13 | स्वामिनी rejected — shares root sense with स्वामी (“lord/master”), risking Warkari/Vaishnav goddess-consort associations (e.g., Rukmini/Rakhumai as स्वामिनी beside Vitthal). बाई retained as a neutral respectful address free of divine-consort connotation. Individual-vs-congregation reading must be a documented translator decision applied consistently. |
| Commandment | ἐντολή (entolē) | a specific charge/directive | आज्ञा | āgnā | Medium | Walking in Truth and Love; Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | vv.4,5,6 (x2) | धार्मिक कर्तव्य rejected (per baseline pattern for “obedience of faith” — reads as caste-dharma-style duty); नियमशास्त्र rejected (that term is reserved for the Mosaic Law/Torah, a distinct referent). |
| Walk (conduct oneself) | περιπατέω (peripateō) | to walk about; metaphor for habitual conduct | चालणे | cālṇe | High | Walking in Truth and Love | vv.4,6 (x2) | मार्गावर चालणे (“walking a/the path”) considered and rejected as a standalone gloss — too easily assimilated to the Buddhist Eightfold Path or Hindu sadhana-marga framework of self-propelled advancement toward liberation; चालणे retained but must always be anchored explicitly to the truth/commandments already received, not a self-directed spiritual journey. |
| Abide / remain | μένω (menō) | to remain, stay, persist | राहणे / टिकून राहणे | rāhaṇe / ṭikūn rāhaṇe | High | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | v.2, v.9 (x2) | Rejected: renderings drawing on Vedantic sthiti (abiding in the Self/Brahman) or Buddhist contemplative “abiding in awareness,” both of which suggest an interior contemplative attainment rather than relational fidelity to a specific, received apostolic teaching about a specific historical person. |
| Teaching / doctrine (of Christ) | διδαχή (didachē) | authoritative instruction/doctrine | शिकवण | śikvaṇ | High | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | v.9 (x2), v.10 | Rejected: treating this as one teaching among many available spiritual teachings (parallel to Dhamma or guru-upadesh); ख्रिस्ताची शिकवण must be understood as fixed, authoritative, apostolic doctrine about the incarnate Christ, not open to revision by claimed “progress” (see προάγω below). |
| Goes on ahead / transgresses | προάγω (proagō) | goes before/ahead; (pejorative) oversteps, innovates beyond | पुढे जाणारा (मर्यादा ओलांडून) | puḍhe jāṇārā (mard̄ā olāṇḍūn) | Medium-High | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | v.9 | A bare “progresses/advances” gloss rejected — risks being read positively (as commendable spiritual progress) by an audience for whom religious/social “progress” carries strong positive connotations; the compound must make the negative, departing sense explicit. |
| Confess / acknowledge | ὁμολογέω (homologeō) | to say the same thing as, publicly affirm | अंगीकार करणे | aṅgīkār karṇe | High | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | v.7 | कबूल करणे (mere “admit”) considered as an alternative but retained only as a secondary gloss; अंगीकार करणे preferred for its stronger sense of public, decisive theological affirmation, paralleling the weight given to the Romans 10:9 Lordship confession in the baseline. |
| Deceiver | πλάνος (planos) | one who wanders/leads astray | फसवणारा | phasavaṇārā | High | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | v.7 (x2) | A milder gloss such as “one who is mistaken” rejected — this must retain the sense of active, doctrinally destructive deception, not innocent error. |
| Antichrist | ἀντίχριστος (antichristos) | against/instead-of Christ | ख्रिस्तविरोधी | khristavirodhī | Critical | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | v.7 | Bare transliteration अंतिख्रिस्त considered but not preferred as primary rendering — the compound ख्रिस्तविरोधी keeps the theological content (active opposition to Christ’s person, specifically via incarnation-denial) transparent; must never be softened to generic “opponent” or “enemy.” |
| Flesh (in incarnation context) | σάρξ (sarx) | physical body/human nature | देह | deh | Critical | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | v.7 | Directly feeds the baseline’s देहधारण (incarnation) compound; must affirm real, historical human nature — guards against both Docetism (Christ only seemed human) and any reading that assimilates the incarnation to a temporary/repeatable avatar-style appearance. |
| Mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | compassion toward the undeserving | दया | dayā | Medium-High | (Greeting formula alongside grace/peace) | v.3 | Standalone दया (as generic compassion) risks collision with Buddhist करुणा (karuna, a self-cultivated virtue) or generic Hindu devotional दयाळुता; here it must be read as inseparable from and specifically anchored to कृपा (grace) as God’s own covenantal compassion, not a virtue believers independently cultivate. |
| Hospitality (receive into house) | λαμβάνω εἰς οἰκίαν (lambanō eis oikian) | to take/receive into one’s house | घरात स्वीकारणे / आदरातिथ्य | ghrāt svīkāraṇe / ādarātithya | High | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | v.10 | Grounded reason for High risk: Indian cultural norm अतिथी देवो भव (“the guest is as God”) makes any instruction to withhold hospitality unusually culturally jarring; teaching material must state clearly this is a narrow, doctrine-specific exception (denial of the incarnation by an itinerant teacher seeking legitimation), not a general license for inhospitality, and must be distinguished from Romans 12:13’s positive hospitality instruction. |
| Greet (epistolary formula) | χαίρειν (chairein, infinitive used as greeting) | “hail,” a fixed greeting formula (same root as “rejoice”) | नमस्कार करणे / सलाम करणे | namaskār karṇe / salām karṇe | Medium | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | v.10, v.11 | Must be rendered distinctly from आनंद करणे (“to rejoice,” used for the same Greek root χαίρω at v.4) so that Marathi readers do not conflate the emotional sense with the epistolary greeting-formula sense; both derive from one Greek root but function differently in context. |
| Share in / participate in (negative sense) | κοινωνέω (koinōneō) | to share, have partnership with | सहभागी होणे | sahabhāgī hoṇe | Medium-High | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | v.11 | Same root as baseline’s positive “fellowship” (सहभागिता, Low risk) but used here for negative complicity in another’s wickedness; every occurrence must be checked for polarity so the negative sense is not mistaken for endorsed Christian fellowship. |
| Reward (full) | μισθὸς πλήρης (misthos plērēs) | wage/reward, complete | पूर्ण प्रतिफळ | pūrṇa pratiphaḷ | Medium | (Warning against Deceivers — consequence of vigilance) | v.8 | Must not be read as merit that earns तारण/नीतिमत्त्व (salvation/righteousness); this is the fruit/completion of persevering faithful ministry, not wages toward justification — flag alongside grace-vs-merit material per the baseline’s Critical grace distinction. |
Section 3 — Low-Risk Supporting Vocabulary (Full Coverage, Brief Treatment)
These terms appear in 2 John but carry minimal doctrinal risk; recorded here for completeness per the full-coverage mandate.
| English term | Greek | Marathi rendering | Risk | Occurrence(s) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children | τέκνα (tekna) | मुले / लेकरे | Low-Medium | v.1, v.4, v.13 | Follow same individual-vs-congregation decision as “elect lady” (Section 2) for consistent rendering. |
| Sister | ἀδελφή (adelphē) | बहीण | Low-Medium | v.13 | Likely a parallel personification of a sister congregation, paralleling “elect lady”; apply same interpretive decision. |
| World | κόσμος (kosmos) | जग | Low-Medium | v.7 | Johannine sense: the present order estranged from God, not neutral “world/universe”; minor contextual note sufficient. |
| Rejoice (emotion) | χαίρω / ἐχάρην (chairō) | आनंद झाला / आनंदित होणे | Low | v.4 | Distinguish from the epistolary greeting-formula use of the same root at v.10-11 (see Section 2, “Greet”). |
| Joy (fullness of) | χαρά (chara) | आनंद | Low | v.12 | Standard joy vocabulary; note shared root with v.4 and v.10-11 (see above). |
| Watch yourselves | βλέπετε ἑαυτούς (blepete heautous) | जपून राहा / सावध राहा | Low-Medium | v.8 | Standard vigilance imperative; preserve command force. |
| From the beginning | ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς (ap’ archēs) | आरंभापासून | Medium | v.5, v.6 | Anchor to “since first receiving the apostolic gospel,” not cosmological/cyclical “beginning.” |
| One another | ἀλλήλους (allēlous) | एकमेकांवर / एकमेकांना | Low | v.5 | Standard reciprocal pronoun; no special risk. |
| New (commandment) | καινός (kainos) | नवीन | Low | v.5 | Straightforward; paired with “from the beginning” for theological contrast. |
| Paper and ink | χάρτης καὶ μέλας (chartēs kai melas) | कागद आणि शाई | Low | v.12 | No doctrinal weight; concrete historical detail. |
| Face to face (idiom) | στόμα πρὸς στόμα (stoma pros stoma) | समोरासमोर बोलणे | Low | v.12 | Render by natural Marathi idiom, not literal calque, per idiom-handling rule. |
| Send greetings | ἀσπάζομαι (aspazomai) | सलाम/नमस्कार पाठवणे | Low | v.13 | Standard closing formula; contrasts with v.10-11’s withheld greeting, underscoring the doctrine-specific nature of that restriction. |
| Watch / see (imperative) | βλέπω (blepō) | पाहणे / जपणे | Low | v.8 | See “Watch yourselves” above. |
Section 4 — Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference
| Curriculum doctrine | Primary Greek terms | Marathi renderings | Risk tier(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walking in Truth and Love | ἀλήθεια, ἀγάπη, περιπατέω, ἐντολή | सत्य, प्रीती, चालणे, आज्ञा | High, High, High, Medium |
| Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | πλάνος, ἀντίχριστος, ὁμολογέω, σάρξ, ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί | फसवणारा, ख्रिस्तविरोधी, अंगीकार करणे, देह, देहधारण करून आलेला | High, Critical, High, Critical, Critical |
| Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | μένω, διδαχή, προάγω, θεὸν ἔχειν | राहणे/टिकून राहणे, शिकवण, पुढे जाणारा, देवाजवळ असणे | High, High, Medium-High, Critical |
| Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | λαμβάνω εἰς οἰκίαν, χαίρειν, κοινωνέω | घरात स्वीकारणे, नमस्कार करणे, सहभागी होणे | High, Medium, Medium-High |
Section 5 — Required Actions Before Phase 2
- Add all Section 2 terms to
translation_memory.json, incrementing the version number, before any 2 John segment is translated. - Update
bible_term_registry.jsonwith the new Critical/High entries (सत्य, प्रीती, ख्रिस्तविरोधी, देह/incarnation-context, अंगीकार करणे, फसवणारा, राहणे, शिकवण, घरात स्वीकारणे) so Phase 2 Step 16 flags them correctly. - Update
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonwith four new doctrine entries corresponding to this curriculum’s four assigned doctrines (Walking in Truth and Love; Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation; Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment; Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ), each routed to Human theologian review given their Critical/High term content. - Resolve and document the κυρία/ἐκλεκτή (individual vs. congregation-personification) interpretive decision once, and apply it consistently across vv.1, 5, and 13.
- Flag every occurrence of κοινωνέω (v.11) for manual polarity check against the baseline’s positive-sense “fellowship” entry.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameśvar
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace from the Father and the Son
Rejected alternatives: देव, भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Occurs 2 John 1:3 (θεοῦ πατρός) and underlies 1:9’s ‘does not have God.’ देव flattens monotheistic exclusivity; भगवान imports a devotional-deity register. परमेश्वर preserves doctrinal precision.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace from the Father and the Son; Access to God Inseparable from Confessing the Son
Rejected alternatives: निर्माता
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Occurs 2 John 1:3, 1:4, 1:9. Must retain relational warmth, never abstract creator-titles.
Jesus
Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: Yeśū
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: ईसा
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Occurs 2 John 1:3, 1:7 in the fixed pairing ‘Jesus Christ,’ the confession at stake in the incarnation-denial warning.
Christ
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्त
Transliteration: Khrist
Doctrine: Messianic Promise / Confession of Christ’s Incarnation as the Test of True Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: मसीहा (reserved for the OT-promise/title sense per Romans baseline), अवतारी पुरुष
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New standalone entry for 2 John; not previously registered separately in the Romans baseline TM (which registers only मसीहा for the title sense). ख्रिस्त is the established Marathi Bible transliterated proper-name element used in the fixed pairing ‘Jesus Christ’ (1:3, 1:7) and in ‘the teaching of Christ’ (1:9, x2). Never suggests one avatar-figure or teacher among many; same unique referent as मसीहा.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: देवाचा पुत्र
Transliteration: devācā putra
Doctrine: Access to God Inseparable from Confessing the Son
Rejected alternatives: देवपुरुष, अवतारी पुरुष
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ πατρός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. In 2 John 1:3 rendered पित्याचा पुत्र to match ‘the Son of the Father’ precisely while preserving the same Critical doctrine; also underlies 1:9’s ‘has both the Father and the Son.’ Never honorific or adoptive sonship.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: देहधारण
Transliteration: dehadhāraṇ
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार, बोधिसत्त्वाचा पुनर्जन्म
Original: ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. This is 2 John’s doctrinal center (1:7, ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί). NEVER अवतार, especially given Vitthal/Krishna avatar-descent associations at the heart of Warkari devotion; also guard against Bodhisattva repeated-rebirth assimilation. Affirms one-time, historical, permanent assumption of human flesh.
Flesh
Approved rendering: देह
Transliteration: deh
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: शरीर
Original: σάρξ
Category: Christology
New term for this book, feeding directly into देहधारण. Occurs 2 John 1:7 (ἐν σαρκί). शरीर rejected as too generic/biological (used for any body, human or animal) and lacking established Marathi Christian theological register. देह affirms genuine material humanity, guarding against Docetism and against any reduction of the incarnation to a temporary or repeatable avatar-style appearance.
Antichrist
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्तविरोधी
Transliteration: khristavirodhī
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अंतिख्रिस्त (bare transliteration, permitted only as a first-occurrence parenthetical gloss, never as primary term), शत्रू, विरोधक
Original: ἀντίχριστος
Category: Christology
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:7. The transparent compound ख्रिस्तविरोधी keeps the theological content (active opposition to Christ’s person, specifically via incarnation-denial) visible on first encounter, since this letter’s short length gives readers little repeated exposure to build fluency with an opaque loanword. Must never be softened to generic ‘opponent’ or ‘enemy,’ nor left to accrue horror-fiction pop-culture associations that a bare transliteration risks.
Grace
Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace from the Father and the Son
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, पुण्य, स्वतःच्या प्रयत्नाने मिळवलेले
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Occurs 2 John 1:3, part of the unique triadic greeting ‘grace, mercy, peace.’ Must remain distinguishable from, yet paired closely with, दया (mercy); grace-vs-merit distinction also extends to 1:8’s ‘full reward’ language.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीहा
Transliteration: Masīhā
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: अवतारी पुरुष
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Reserved for the OT-promise/title sense; 2 John’s ‘Jesus Christ’ and ‘the teaching of Christ’ use the transliterated proper-name element ख्रिस्त instead (see separate ‘christ’ entry), both referring to the same unique deliverer.
Salvation
Approved rendering: तारण
Transliteration: tāraṇ
Doctrine: Full Reward for Persevering, Faithful Ministry (guard-rail reference)
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष, मुक्ती, निर्वाण
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Not itself a 2 John vocabulary item, but required as a guard-rail term: 2 John 1:8’s ‘full reward’ (पूर्ण प्रतिफळ) must never be conflated with तारण — the reward is the fruit of persevering ministry, not deliverance itself, which is never earned.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: नीतिमत्त्व
Transliteration: nītimattva
Doctrine: Full Reward for Persevering, Faithful Ministry (guard-rail reference)
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Required as a guard-rail term alongside तारण: 2 John 1:8’s reward language must not be read as merit that earns नीतिमत्त्व. Never धर्म.
High Risk Terms
Election
Approved rendering: देवाची निवड
Transliteration: devācī nivaḍ
Doctrine: Divine Election of the Elect Lady and Her Sister Congregation
Rejected alternatives: नशीब, दैव, कर्मफळ
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλεκτή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered as the root. Adjectival forms निवडलेला/निवडलेली derived for 2 John 1:1 (ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ) and 1:13 (τῆς ἐκλεκτῆς). Must never echo नशीब/दैव/कर्मफळ — God’s sovereign, personal choosing, never a karma-determined status.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वासाचे आज्ञापालन
Transliteration: viśvāsāce āgnāpālan
Doctrine: Love Defined as Obedience to Christ’s Commandments
Rejected alternatives: धार्मिक कर्तव्य
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Thematically adjacent to 2 John’s love-as-obedience doctrine (1:5-6): love flowing from a commandment already received, not धार्मिक कर्तव्य-style caste-dharma duty framing.
Truth
Approved rendering: सत्य
Transliteration: satya
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love; Apostolic Truth Permanently Indwelling Believers
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4. सत्य is independently loaded in the destination culture: Advaita Vedanta’s Brahman-as-Sat, the Gandhian Satyagraha tradition, and the Buddhist Four Noble Truths (sacca). No viable alternative exists; every occurrence MUST carry a contextual anchor clause tying it to the specific, historically-anchored apostolic testimony about Christ, never left as impersonal cosmic Truth or a self-realized inner state.
Love
Approved rendering: प्रीती
Transliteration: prīti
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love; Love Defined as Obedience to Christ’s Commandments
Rejected alternatives: प्रेम, भक्तिप्रेम
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:6. प्रेम rejected as primary term — too easily read as romantic/generic love and risks collision with भक्तिप्रेम, the erotic-devotional register of Radha-Krishna bhakti poetry. प्रीती is the established formal Marathi Bible register term (cf. John 3:16) and must always be paired with its 1:6 behavioral definition (walking according to his commandments).
Elect Lady
Approved rendering: निवडलेली बाई
Transliteration: nivaḍlelī bāī
Doctrine: Divine Election of the Elect Lady and Her Sister Congregation
Rejected alternatives: स्वामिनी, मॅडम
Original: ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ
Category: Church
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:1, and the address recurs implicitly at 1:5 and 1:13. स्वामिनी is FORBIDDEN — shares root sense with स्वामी (‘lord/master’), risking Warkari/Vaishnav goddess-consort associations (e.g., Rukmini/Rakhumai venerated as स्वामिनी beside Vitthal). बाई retained as a neutral respectful address. Standing interpretive decision: rendered as a personification of a local congregation (majority scholarly reading), applied consistently across all three occurrences.
Walk
Approved rendering: चालणे
Transliteration: cālṇe
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love
Rejected alternatives: मार्गावर चालणे
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:4, 1:6 (x2). मार्गावर चालणे (‘walking a path’) rejected as a standalone gloss — too easily assimilated to the Buddhist Eightfold Path (अष्टांगिक मार्ग) or Hindu sadhana-marga, both frameworks of self-propelled advancement by one’s own effort. चालणे must always be governed by a stated object (‘in truth,’ ‘according to his commandments’), never left as an unqualified ‘path’ metaphor.
Abide
Approved rendering: राहणे / टिकून राहणे
Transliteration: rāhaṇe / ṭikūn rāhaṇe
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ
Original: μένω
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:2, 1:9 (x2). Must always specify its object (‘in the teaching of Christ,’ ‘in the truth’) — never a bare intransitive verb. Distinguish from Vedantic sthiti (abiding in the Self/Brahman) or Buddhist contemplative ‘abiding in awareness,’ both interior attainments cultivated by the practitioner, whereas this is relational fidelity to a specific, received, historical teaching about a specific person.
Teaching
Approved rendering: शिकवण
Transliteration: śikvaṇ
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ
Rejected alternatives: उपदेश
Original: διδαχή
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:9 (x2), 1:10. उपदेश rejected — the standard word for a guru’s or Buddhist teacher’s discourse, which would place ख्रिस्ताची शिकवण in the same category as any guru-upadesh or the Buddha’s dhamma-upadesh. Must always be qualified as ख्रिस्ताची शिकवण, a fixed, closed, apostolic doctrine, not open to revision by claimed ‘progress.‘
Goes On Ahead
Approved rendering: पुढे जाणारा (मर्यादा ओलांडून)
Transliteration: puḍhe jāṇārā (maryādā olāṇḍūn)
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुढे जाणारा (bare gloss), प्रगती करणारा
Original: προάγων
Category: False Teaching
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:9 (προάγων). A bare ‘progresses/advances’ gloss is rejected: Marathi public discourse, especially Maharashtra’s reformist and Ambedkarite social history, treats ‘progress’ (प्रगती) as an unambiguous positive value. The compound with ‘having overstepped the bound’ makes explicit that this is departure from, not advancement of, apostolic doctrine — never to be rendered with the bare verb alone.
Confess
Approved rendering: अंगीकार करणे
Transliteration: aṅgīkār karṇe
Doctrine: Confession of Christ’s Incarnation as the Test of True Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: कबूल करणे
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Christology
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:7 (ὁμολογοῦντες). कबूल करणे (‘admit’) rejected as theologically thinner — it can describe a private, minor concession, whereas ὁμολογέω here is a decisive public theological affirmation, functioning in parallel to the Romans baseline’s Romans 10:9 Lordship confession.
Deceiver
Approved rendering: फसवणारा
Transliteration: phasavaṇārā
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: भ्रमित करणारा
Original: πλάνος
Category: False Teaching
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:7 (πλάνοι, ὁ πλάνος). भ्रमित करणारा (‘one who causes confusion’) rejected as too soft — suggests honest mistake, not active, purposeful, doctrinally destructive deception by agents who have ‘gone out’ to mislead.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace from the Father and the Son
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:3, part of the unique triadic greeting (grace, mercy, peace) not found in most other NT letter-openings. Standalone दया risks collision with Buddhist करुणा (a self-cultivated virtue attained through practice) or generic Hindu devotional दयाळुता (a deity’s compassion earned by devotion). Must always be placed syntactically beside कृपा so it reads as God’s own initiating, covenantal compassion, never a virtue believers independently cultivate.
Hospitality
Approved rendering: घरात स्वीकारणे / आदरातिथ्य करणे
Transliteration: ghrāt svīkāraṇe / ādarātithya karṇe
Doctrine: Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment
Original: λαμβάνω εἰς οἰκίαν
Category: Ethics
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:10 (μὴ λαμβάνετε αὐτὸν εἰς οἰκίαν), in the NEGATIVE (withholding) sense. Grounded reason for High risk: the Indian cultural maxim अतिथी देवो भव (‘the guest is as God’) makes any instruction to withhold hospitality unusually jarring. Every occurrence of the withholding instruction MUST carry an explicit doctrinal qualifier clause naming the specific reason (denial of Christ’s incarnation), never a bare, general ‘do not host’ statement; must be distinguished from Romans 12:13’s positive hospitality instruction, which remains the church’s norm elsewhere.
Fellowship Negative
Approved rendering: सहभागी होणे
Transliteration: sahabhāgī hoṇe
Doctrine: Complicity in False Teaching through Endorsement
Original: κοινωνέω
Category: Church
New term for this book, distinct from the baseline’s positive ‘fellowship’ entry (सहभागिता) though sharing the same root (κοινωνέω / κοινωνία). Occurs 2 John 1:11 with NEGATIVE polarity — complicity in a deceiver’s wicked works, not endorsed Christian participation in Christ. Every occurrence MUST carry a mandatory negative-polarity qualifier (e.g., ‘त्याच्या दुष्कृत्यांत सहभागी होणे’) so it is never mistaken for the baseline’s Low-risk positive सहभागिता.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: शांती
Transliteration: śāntī
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace from the Father and the Son
Rejected alternatives: मनःशांती
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Occurs 2 John 1:3. Relational peace with God, not the inner calm (मनःशांती) sought through bhakti meditation or Buddhist mindfulness practice.
Church
Approved rendering: मंडळी
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: देऊळ, मंदिर
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered. Relevant to 2 John’s majority-view reading of ‘the elect lady’ and ‘her children’ (1:1) and ‘your elect sister’ and ‘her children’ (1:13) as personifications of local congregations. Never देऊळ/मंदिर.
Elder
Approved rendering: वडील
Transliteration: vaḍīl
Doctrine: Eldership and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: गुरू
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:1 (ὁ πρεσβύτερος), the author’s self-designation. गुरू rejected per the Romans baseline’s existing rejection of गुरू for ‘apostle’ (self-attained teaching authority vs. delegated congregational office). Must not be read as merely ‘an elderly person.‘
Commandment
Approved rendering: आज्ञा
Transliteration: āgnā
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love; Love Defined as Obedience to Christ’s Commandments
Rejected alternatives: धार्मिक कर्तव्य, नियमशास्त्र
Original: ἐντολή
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 (x2). Distinguish from नियमशास्त्र (reserved for the Mosaic Law/Torah) — this is Christ’s/the Father’s specific relational charge (ultimately, mutual love), a different referent. धार्मिक कर्तव्य rejected as caste-dharma-style duty framing.
Greet
Approved rendering: नमस्कार करणे / सलाम करणे
Transliteration: namaskār karṇe / salām karṇe
Doctrine: Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment
Rejected alternatives: आनंद करणे (reserved for the emotion-word sense at 1:4)
Original: χαίρειν
Category: Ethics
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:10, 1:11 (χαίρειν, the fixed epistolary greeting-formula sense of the same root rendered ‘rejoiced’ at 1:4). Must be rendered distinctly from आनंद करणे so readers do not conflate the emotion-word sense with the greeting-formula sense, nor mistake the withheld greeting for a general prohibition on joy or warmth.
Reward
Approved rendering: पूर्ण प्रतिफळ
Transliteration: pūrṇa pratiphaḷ
Doctrine: Full Reward for Persevering, Faithful Ministry
Original: μισθὸς πλήρης
Category: Salvation
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:8 (μισθὸν πλήρη). Must not be read as merit that earns तारण/नीतिमत्त्व; this is the fruit/completion of persevering, faithful ministry, not wages toward justification. Flag alongside grace-vs-merit material for cross-check per the baseline’s Critical grace distinction.
Children
Approved rendering: मुले / लेकरे
Transliteration: mule / lekare
Doctrine: Divine Election of the Elect Lady and Her Sister Congregation
Original: τέκνα
Category: Church
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:1, 1:4, 1:13. Must follow the same individual-vs-congregation decision as ‘elect lady’ (rendered corporately as congregation members, per the standing interpretive decision) for consistent rendering across all occurrences.
Sister
Approved rendering: बहीण
Transliteration: bahīṇ
Doctrine: Divine Election of the Elect Lady and Her Sister Congregation
Original: ἀδελφή
Category: Church
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:13 (‘your elect sister’), likely a parallel personification of a second local congregation. Apply the same individual-vs-congregation interpretive decision and the same निवडलेली (elect) rendering used at 1:1.
World
Approved rendering: जग
Transliteration: jag
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Original: κόσμος
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:7 (κόσμος). Johannine sense: the present order estranged from God into which deceivers ‘have gone out,’ not neutral ‘world/universe.‘
From The Beginning
Approved rendering: आरंभापासून
Transliteration: ārambhāpāsūn
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love
Original: ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:5, 1:6 (ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς). Must be anchored to the historical start of the recipients’ apostolic instruction, not cosmological or cyclical ‘beginning’ (creation, Hindu yuga cycles), preserving the one-time, historically-anchored nature of the apostolic message.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: सहभागिता
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: मैत्री
Inherited from Romans package exactly, unaltered, for its POSITIVE sense (shared participation in Christ). Note: 2 John 1:11 uses the same Greek root (κοινωνέω) with NEGATIVE polarity — see the separate ‘fellowship_negative’ entry below, which must never be confused with this positive baseline term.
Rejoice
Approved rendering: आनंद झाला / आनंदित होणे
Transliteration: ānand jhālā / ānandit hoṇe
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love
Original: χαίρω / ἐχάρην
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:4 (ἐχάρην), the elder’s pastoral joy. Distinguish from the epistolary greeting-formula use of the same Greek root at 1:10-11 (see ‘greet’ entry).
Joy Fullness
Approved rendering: आमचा आनंद पूर्ण व्हावा
Transliteration: āmacā ānand pūrṇa vhāvā
Doctrine: Relational Joy and Warm Fellowship in Ordinary Ministry
Original: χαρὰ πεπληρωμένη
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:12 (χαρὰ πεπληρωμένη), echoing 1 John 1:4. Shares root with 1:4 and 1:10-11 but functions distinctly in each place; standard joy vocabulary.
Watch Yourselves
Approved rendering: जपून राहा / सावध राहा
Transliteration: jāpūn rāhā / sāvadh rāhā
Doctrine: Full Reward for Persevering, Faithful Ministry
Original: βλέπετε ἑαυτούς
Category: Ethics
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:8 (βλέπετε ἑαυτούς). Standard vigilance imperative; preserve command force, not mere suggestion.
One Another
Approved rendering: एकमेकांवर / एकमेकांना
Transliteration: ekamekānvar / ekamekānnā
Doctrine: Love Defined as Obedience to Christ’s Commandments
Original: ἀλλήλους
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:5 (ἀλλήλους). Standard reciprocal pronoun; no special risk.
New Commandment
Approved rendering: नवीन आज्ञा
Transliteration: navīn āgnā
Doctrine: Walking in Truth and Love
Original: καινός
Category: Faith
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:5 (ἐντολὴν καινήν), paired with ‘from the beginning’ for theological contrast between novelty and apostolic continuity.
Paper And Ink
Approved rendering: कागद आणि शाई
Transliteration: kāgad āṇi śāī
Doctrine: Relational Joy and Warm Fellowship in Ordinary Ministry
Original: χάρτης καὶ μέλας
Category: Other
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:12 (διὰ χάρτου καὶ μέλανος). No doctrinal weight; concrete historical detail.
Face To Face
Approved rendering: समोरासमोर बोलणे
Transliteration: samorāsamor bolṇe
Doctrine: Relational Joy and Warm Fellowship in Ordinary Ministry
Original: στόμα πρὸς στόμα
Category: Other
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:12 (στόμα πρὸς στόμα). Render by natural Marathi idiom, not a literal ‘mouth-to-mouth’ calque, per the idiom-handling rule.
Send Greetings
Approved rendering: सलाम/नमस्कार पाठवणे
Transliteration: salām/namaskār pāṭhavaṇe
Doctrine: Relational Joy and Warm Fellowship in Ordinary Ministry
Original: ἀσπάζομαι
Category: Church
New term for this book. Occurs 2 John 1:13 (Ἀσπάζεταί σε). Standard closing formula; contrasts with 1:10-11’s withheld greeting, underscoring that the earlier restriction was doctrine-specific, not a general posture of coldness.
Referenced passages