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Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Luke | English → Marathi

Purpose and Use

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from every chapter of Luke (1–24), for use as the seed input to Phase 1 Step 2 (translation memory construction) and for cross-checking against the Romans-curriculum baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json.

Status column key:

  • [BASELINE] — term and rendering already fixed by the Romans package; MUST be reused exactly, no re-negotiation.
  • [NEW] — term introduced for the first time by the Luke curriculum; rendering proposed here for Phase 1 Step 2 ratification into translation memory.
  • [NEW-phrase] — a multi-word phrase built from a mix of baseline and new lexical items.

Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier framework (Critical / High / Medium / Low) and its review-routing convention (Critical/High → human theologian; Medium → native speaker; Low → automated).


Table A — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline (Occurring in Luke)

English TermMarathi RenderingTransliterationRiskDoctrineLuke Occurrences (key)Status
Godपरमेश्वरParameśvarCriticalGodthroughout[BASELINE]
JesusयेशूYeśūCriticalChristologythroughout[BASELINE]
Lordप्रभूPrabhūCriticalLordship of Christ1:43, 2:11, 5:8, 19:8, 24:34[BASELINE]
Holy Spiritपवित्र आत्माPavitra ĀtmāCriticalHoly Spirit’s Work in Salvation History1:15, 1:35, 1:41, 1:67, 3:22, 4:1, 4:14, 4:18, 10:21, 11:13[BASELINE]
Son of Godदेवाचा पुत्रDevācā PutraCriticalSonship of Christ1:35, 4:3, 4:9, 4:41, 8:28, 22:70[BASELINE]
Messiah / ChristमसीहाMasīhāCriticalMessianic Promise2:11, 2:26, 3:15, 4:41, 9:20, 20:41, 22:67, 23:2, 23:35, 24:26, 24:46[BASELINE]
Incarnation (doctrinal category, cf. 1:31-35)देहधारणDehadhāraṇCriticalIncarnation1:31-35, 2:7[BASELINE]
Resurrectionपुनरुत्थानPunarutthānCriticalResurrection of Christ9:22, 18:33, 20:27-38, 24:1-46[BASELINE]
Salvation / savedतारण / तारलेTāraṇCriticalSalvation1:69, 1:77, 2:11, 2:30, 3:6, 7:50, 8:12, 8:36, 8:50, 9:24, 18:26, 18:42, 19:9-10[BASELINE]
Grace / favorकृपाKṛpāCriticalGrace1:28, 1:30, 2:40, 2:52, 4:22[BASELINE]
Faithविश्वासViśvāsaHighFaith5:20, 7:9, 7:50, 8:25, 8:48, 17:5-6, 17:19, 18:8, 18:42, 22:32[BASELINE]
Righteousnessनीतिमत्त्वNītimattvaCriticalSalvation1:6, 1:75, 18:9[BASELINE]
Justification / justifiedनीतिमान ठरवणेNītimān ṬharavaṇeCriticalSalvation7:29, 7:35, 10:29, 16:15, 18:14[BASELINE]
SinपापPāpHighUniversal Human Accountability1:77, 3:3, 5:20-24, 5:32, 6:32-34, 7:37-49, 11:4, 13:2-4, 15:7-21, 17:3-4, 24:47[BASELINE]
Holyपवित्रPavitraHighSanctification1:15, 1:35, 1:49, 1:70, 1:72, 2:23, 4:34[BASELINE]
Saints / holy onesपवित्र जनPavitra JanHighSainthood(implicit corporate references; direct term less frequent in Luke than in Romans)[BASELINE]
ChurchमंडळीMaṇḍaḷīMediumChurch as God’s People(proto-ecclesial community references; term itself is post-Pentecost/Acts)[BASELINE]
Kingdom of Godदेवाचे राज्यDevāce RājyaMediumKingdom of God Present and Future4:43, 6:20, 7:28, 8:1, 8:10, 9:2, 9:11, 9:27, 9:60, 9:62, 10:9, 10:11, 11:20, 12:31-32, 13:18-29, 14:15, 16:16, 17:20-21, 18:16-29, 19:11, 21:31, 22:16-18, 22:29-30, 23:42, 23:51[BASELINE]
Lawनियमशास्त्रNiyamśāstraHighFulfillment of Prophecy2:22-27, 2:39, 5:17, 10:26, 16:16-17, 24:44[BASELINE]
Gentilesअन्यजातीयAnyajātīyaMediumUnity of Jews and Gentiles2:32, 21:24, 24:47[BASELINE]
GloryगौरवGauravHighDeity of Christ2:9, 2:14, 2:32, 9:26, 9:31-32, 21:27, 24:26[BASELINE]
Prophetसंदेष्टाSandeṣṭāLowFulfillment of Prophecy1:76, 4:17, 4:24, 7:16, 7:26, 7:39, 13:33-34, 24:19, 24:27[BASELINE]
Prophecyभविष्यवाणीBhaviṣyavāṇīLowFulfillment of Prophecy1:67, 24:44 (doctrinal category throughout)[BASELINE]
CovenantकरारKarārHighDavidic Covenant1:72-73, 22:20[BASELINE]
DavidदावीदDāvīdMediumDavidic Covenant1:27, 1:32, 1:69, 2:4, 2:11, 3:31, 18:38-39, 20:41-44[BASELINE]
Israelइस्राएलIsrāelMediumUnity of Jews and Gentiles1:16, 1:54, 1:68, 1:80, 2:25, 2:32, 2:34, 4:25, 4:27, 22:30[BASELINE]
FatherपिताPitāCriticalAdoption into God’s Family2:49, 6:36, 10:21-22, 11:2-13, 15:11-32, 22:42, 23:34, 23:46, 24:49[BASELINE]
Power of Godदेवाचे सामर्थ्यDevāce SāmarthyaHighPower of God for Salvation1:35, 4:14, 4:36, 5:17, 6:19, 9:1, 10:19, 21:27, 24:49[BASELINE]
PeaceशांतीŚāntīMediumPeace with God1:79, 2:14, 2:29, 7:50, 8:48, 10:5-6, 19:38, 19:42, 24:36[BASELINE]
Thanksgivingउपकारस्तुतीUpakārastutīLowThanksgiving17:16, 18:11, 22:17-19[BASELINE]
FellowshipसहभागिताSahabhāgitāLowChristian Fellowship(proto-fellowship at meals, cf. table-fellowship doctrine below)[BASELINE]
Election / chosenदेवाची निवडDevācī NivaḍHighEffectual Calling6:13 (choosing the Twelve), 9:35 (“my Chosen One”), 23:35[BASELINE]
Intercessionमध्यस्थीMadhyasthīMediumPrayer and Intercession22:32 (Jesus prays for Peter)[BASELINE]
Providenceदेवाचे विधानDevāce VidhānHighProvidence12:6-7, 12:22-32, 21:18[BASELINE]
Missionमिशन / सुवार्ता प्रसारMiśan / Suvārtā PrasārMediumMission to the Nations9:1-6, 10:1-16, 24:47[BASELINE]
Apostleप्रेषितPreṣitMediumApostleship6:13, 9:10, 11:49, 17:5, 22:14, 24:10[BASELINE]
Called / callingबोलावलेले / पाचारणBolāvlele / PācāraṇHighDivine Calling5:32, 6:13, 14:7-24[BASELINE]

Table B — New Terms Introduced by Luke (Proposed for Translation Memory)

English TermMarathi RenderingTransliterationRiskDoctrineOriginal GreekKey Luke RefsCollision / Notes
Synagogueसभास्थानSabhāsthānMediumFulfillment of Prophecy / Church settingσυναγωγή4:16, 4:20, 4:44, 6:6, 7:5, 13:10Distinguish from मंडळी (church) and देऊळ/मंदिर (Hindu temple)
Sabbathशब्बाथŚabbāthMediumFulfillment of Prophecyσάββατον4:16, 6:1-11, 13:10-16, 14:1-6, 23:56Do not render as generic holiday
Anointedअभिषिक्त केलेAbhiṣikta KeleHighMessianic Promiseχρίω4:18Hindu ritual abhisheka collision; one-time divine commissioning, not repeatable rite
Acceptable year of the Lordप्रभूच्या कृपेचे वर्षPrabhūcyā Kṛpecē VarṣaHighKingdom of God Present and Futureἐνιαυτὸς κυρίου δεκτός4:19Requires OT Jubilee (Lev 25) background note
Fulfilledपूर्ण झाले आहेPūrṇa Jhāle ĀheCriticalFulfillment of Prophecyπληρόω (πεπλήρωται)4:21, 24:44Never cyclical/renewable framing; one-time, linear, historical
Today (theological)आजĀjHighKingdom of God Present and Futureσήμερον2:11, 4:21, 19:9, 23:43Marks inaugurated “already” of salvation
PoorगरीबGarībHighGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedπτωχός4:18, 6:20, 7:22, 14:13, 14:21, 16:20-22, 18:22, 19:8, 21:3Retain literal economic sense; do not spiritualize away
Captives / releaseबंदिवान / मुक्तताBandivān / MuktatāHighGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedαἰχμάλωτος / ἄφεσις4:18Use मुक्तता (concrete release), never मुक्ती (forbidden, Hindu liberation)
Sight to the blindआंधळ्यांना दृष्टीĀndhaḷyānnā DṛṣṭīMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedτυφλός / ἀνάβλεψις4:18, 7:21-22, 18:35-43Avoid merging with Buddhist enlightenment/bodhi-light imagery
OppressedपीडितPīḍitMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedτεθραυσμένος4:18Not to be read through past-life karma/affliction lens
AngelदेवदूतDevadūtMediumHoly Spirit’s Work in Salvation Historyἄγγελος1:11-38, 2:9-15, 22:43, 24:23Distinguish from देव (a generic deity)
Filled with the Holy Spiritपवित्र आत्म्याने भरलेलाPavitra Ātmyāne BharlelāHighHoly Spirit’s Work in Salvation Historyπλήσθη/πίμπλημι Πνεύματος Ἁγίου1:15, 1:41, 1:67, 4:1Not a temporary trance/oracular state; abiding empowerment
SaviorतारणाराTāraṇārāCriticalJesus as Savior for All Nationsσωτήρ1:47, 2:11Must always be explicitly anchored to परमेश्वर/येशू; guard against Vitthal/Buddha “savior” substitution
MercyदयाDayāMediumJesus’ Compassionἔλεος1:50, 1:54, 1:58, 1:72, 1:78, 10:37, 18:38-39Retain covenantal, personal sense
Humble estateलीनताLīnatāMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedταπείνωσις1:48, 1:52Real social lowliness, not merely inner virtue
Redemptionउद्धारUddhārHighJesus as Savior for All Nationsλύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις2:38, 21:28, 24:21NEVER मुक्ति/मोक्ष
Consolation of Israelइस्राएलाचे सांत्वनIsrāelāce SāntvanMediumFulfillment of Prophecyπαράκλησις τοῦ Ἰσραήλ2:25
Signचिन्हCinhaLowFulfillment of Prophecyσημεῖον2:12, 2:34, 11:29-30, 21:7, 21:11, 21:25
Repentanceपश्चात्तापPaścāttāpHighRepentance and Forgiveness of Sinsμετάνοια / μετανοέω3:3, 3:8, 5:32, 13:3-5, 15:7, 15:10, 17:3-4, 24:47Ensure full behavioral/relational turning, not mere remorse
Forgiveness (of sins)पापांची क्षमाPāpāṃcī KṣamāHighRepentance and Forgiveness of Sinsἄφεσις (ἁμαρτιῶν)1:77, 3:3, 5:20-24, 7:47-49, 11:4, 17:3-4, 23:34, 24:47Always pair explicitly with पाप; distinct from ritual purification
Fruits worthy of repentanceपश्चात्तापास योग्य फळेPaścāttāpās Yogya PhaḷeMediumRepentance and Forgiveness of Sinsκαρποὺς ἀξίους τῆς μετανοίας3:8Not merit-earning (guard against कर्मफळ conflation)
Temptedपरीक्षा घेणे / मोहात पाडणेParīkṣā GheneMedium(Christology / obedience)πειράζω4:1-13, 22:28, 22:40Distinguish from ascetic tapasya self-testing
DevilसैतानSaitānMedium(spiritual conflict, cf. Kingdom doctrine)διάβολος4:2-13, 8:12Distinguish from Hindu asura/rakshasa mythology
AuthorityअधिकारAdhikārMediumDeity of Christ / Kingdomἐξουσία4:32, 4:36, 5:24, 9:1, 10:19, 20:2-8Distinguish from baseline सामर्थ्य (God’s saving power)
Demon / unclean spiritअशुद्ध आत्माAśuddha ĀtmāMediumKingdom of God Present and Futureδαιμόνιον4:33-41, 8:2, 8:26-39, 9:37-43Avoid भूत (folk ghost-of-the-dead category)
Discipleशिष्यŚiṣyaHighCost and Joy of Discipleshipμαθητής5:1-11, 5:27-33, 6:13-40, 9:1-14, 9:23-25, 14:25-33, 18:15CRITICAL guru-śiṣya collision; total, exclusive, Christ-initiated allegiance
SinnerपापीPāpīHighJesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowshipἁμαρτωλός5:8, 5:30-32, 6:32-34, 7:34, 7:37-39, 15:1-2, 15:7-10, 18:13, 19:7Retain “socially recognized outcast” sense
Tax collectorजकातदारJakātdārMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedτελώνης3:12, 5:27-30, 7:29, 7:34, 15:1, 18:10-14, 19:2Socially despised occupation; not a direct caste equivalence
Authority to forgive sinsपाप क्षमा करण्याचा अधिकारPāp Kṣamā Karaṇyācā AdhikārCriticalDeity of Christἐξουσία … ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας5:20-24Divine prerogative, not priestly/ritual mediation
Son of Manमनुष्याचा पुत्रManuṣyācā PutraCriticalChristologyὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου5:24, 6:5, 6:22, 7:34, 9:22, 9:26, 9:44, 9:58, 11:30, 12:8, 12:40, 17:22-30, 18:8, 18:31, 19:10, 21:27, 21:36, 22:22, 22:48, 22:69, 24:7Daniel 7 background essential; not “a mere human being”
Cleansed (ritual, leprosy)शुद्ध करणेŚuddha KaraṇeMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedκαθαρίζω5:12-14, 17:14-17Ritual-purity sense correctly retained here (unlike “holy”)
Blessedधन्यDhanyaMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedμακάριος1:45, 6:20-22, 7:23, 11:27-28, 12:37-38, 14:14-15, 23:29Anchor to eschatological reversal, not generic fortune
Merciful/compassionate (character)दयाळूDayāḷūMediumJesus’ Compassionοἰκτίρμων6:36Consistent with दया root
Love (of enemies)प्रीती / प्रेमPrītī / PremMediumJesus’ Compassionἀγαπάω6:27-36, 7:42-47, 10:27, 11:43Willed, self-giving, non-reciprocal sense
CenturionशताधिपतीŚatādhipatīLowJesus as Savior for All Nationsἑκατοντάρχης7:1-10, 23:47
Raised (temporal healing)उठवलेUṭhavaleMedium(distinct from Resurrection doctrine)ἐγείρω7:14-15, 8:54Keep distinct from baseline पुनरुत्थान
Saved (healed/delivered, ambiguous)तारलेTāraleHighSalvationσῴζω7:50, 8:36, 8:48, 8:50, 17:19, 18:42Reuse baseline तारण root even in physical-healing contexts
Word of Godदेवाचे वचनDevāce VacanMediumFulfillment of Prophecy / Faithὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ5:1, 8:11, 8:21, 11:28Keep full phrase, not वचन alone
LegionलीगीयनLīgīyanLowJesus’ CompassionΛεγιών8:30Proper noun, transliterated
Crossवधस्तंभVadhastambhCriticalCost and Joy of Discipleshipσταυρός9:23, 14:27, 23:26, 23:33Established rendering; guard against softening “daily” cost
Deny himselfस्वतःला नाकारणेSvataḥlā NākāraṇeHighCost and Joy of Discipleshipἀπαρνέομαι ἑαυτόν9:23Distinguish from Buddhist anatta self-cultivation
Transfiguredरूपांतर झालेRūpāntar JhāleMediumDeity of Christμεταμορφόω9:29Not avatar-transformation or yogic kaya-siddhi
NeighborशेजारीŚejārīHighJesus as Savior for All Nationsπλησίον10:27-37Redefinition beyond kin/caste/community lines must be preserved
SamaritanशोमरोनीŚomaronīMedium/HighJesus as Savior for All NationsΣαμαρίτης10:33, 17:16Requires historical background note; not a direct caste-analogy substitute
Compassion (visceral)कळवळा आलाKaḷvaḷā ĀlāCriticalJesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowshipσπλαγχνίζομαι7:13, 10:33, 15:20Prefer over करुणा (Buddhist Brahmavihara collision)
Eternal lifeसार्वकालिक जीवनSārvakālik JīvanMediumKingdom of God Present and Futureζωὴ αἰώνιος10:25, 18:18, 18:30Not generic soul-continuation/cessation concept
Prayerप्रार्थनाPrārthanāHighPrayer and Dependence on Godπροσευχή / προσεύχομαι1:13, 3:21, 5:16, 6:12, 9:18, 9:28-29, 11:1-13, 18:1-14, 22:32, 22:39-46Always anchor to address to परमेश्वर as पिता, not generic puja/chant
Daily breadरोजची भाकरRojcī BhākarLowPrayer and Dependence on Godἄρτος ἐπιούσιος11:3
AnxietyचिंताCintāMediumPrayer and Dependence on Godμέριμνα12:22-31
Foolमूर्खMūrkhLowGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedἄφρων12:20
Kingdom “within/among you”तुमच्यामध्येTumcyāmadhyeHighKingdom of God Present and Futureἐντὸς ὑμῶν17:21Genuinely ambiguous Greek; theologian review required
The poor, crippled, lame, blind (banquet list)गरीब, अपंग, लंगडे, आंधळेGarīb, Apāṅg, Laṅgaḍe, ĀndhaḷeHighGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedπτωχός, ἀνάπειρος, χωλός, τυφλός14:13, 14:21Retain “cannot repay” grace-logic of the invitation
Hate (comparative, discipleship cost)द्वेष करणे / कमी प्रेम करणेDveṣ KaraṇeHighCost and Joy of Discipleshipμισέω14:26Semitic comparative idiom, not literal animosity; note required
LostहरवलेलाHaravlelāMediumRepentance and Forgiveness of Sinsἀπολωλός / ἀπόλλυμι15:4-32, 19:10Convey genuine peril/ruin, recoverable
JoyआनंदĀnandMediumCost and Joy of Discipleshipχαρά1:14, 2:10, 6:23, 10:17, 10:21, 15:7, 15:10, 15:32, 24:41, 24:52Anchor to God’s personal joy over the repentant, not impersonal bliss/ananda
Prodigally/recklesslyउधळपट्टी करूनUdhaḷpaṭṭī KarūnLowRepentance and Forgiveness of Sinsἀσώτως15:13
Mammon/wealth (personified)धन / संपत्ती (मम्मोन)Dhan/Sampattī (Mammon)MediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedμαμωνᾶς16:9-13Retain “rival master” personification
Richश्रीमंतŚrīmantMediumGood News to the Poor and Marginalizedπλούσιος6:24, 12:16, 14:12, 16:1, 16:19-31, 18:23, 19:2Structural counterpart to गरीब
Enduranceधीर / सहनशीलताDhīr/SahanaśīlatāMediumKingdom of God Present and Futureὑπομονή21:19
New covenantनवीन करारNavīn KarārHighFulfillment of Prophecyἡ καινὴ διαθήκη22:20Renewal/fulfillment, not rejection of prior covenant with Israel
Body / blood (sacramental)शरीर / रक्तŚarīr/RaktaHigh(sacramental theology, denomination-dependent)σῶμα / αἷμα22:19-20Flag for theologian review re: memorial vs. real presence phrasing
Agonyवेदना / यातनाVedanā/YātanāMediumPrayer and Dependence on Godἀγωνία22:44Full humanity of Christ
Seek and save the lostहरवलेल्यांना शोधून तारणेHaravlelyānnā Śodhūn TāraṇeCriticalRepentance and Forgiveness of Sins / Salvationζητῆσαι καὶ σῶσαι τὸ ἀπολωλός19:10Gospel’s mission-defining verse; reuse तारण exactly
ParadiseपरादीसParādīsHighJesus as Savior for All Nations / Compassionπαράδεισος23:43Prefer transliteration over स्वर्ग/नंदनवन; gloss recommended
Opened their mindsत्यांचे मन उघडलेTyāṃce Man UghaḍaleMediumFulfillment of Prophecyδιήνοιξεν τὸν νοῦν24:45Not generic bodhi/enlightenment imagery
Repentance and forgiveness to all nations (capstone)पश्चात्ताप आणि पापांची क्षमा … सर्व राष्ट्रांनाCriticalRepentance and Forgiveness / Mission to Nationsμετάνοια καὶ ἄφεσις … εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη24:47Must match 3:3 phrasing exactly; full universal scope retained
Ascended / taken upस्वर्गात नेले गेलेSvargāt Nele GeleHighDeity of Christ / Lordshipἀναφέρω / ἀναλαμβάνω24:51Distinguish from parinirvana/moksha-departure framing

Table C — Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference (Curriculum-Specified Doctrines)

Curriculum DoctrinePrimary Glossary Terms
Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor)तारणारा (Savior), गौरव (glory, 2:32), गरीब/श्रीमंत (poor/rich), शेजारी (neighbor), शोमरोनी (Samaritan), अन्यजातीय (Gentiles), शताधिपती (centurion)
The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation Historyपवित्र आत्मा (Holy Spirit), पवित्र आत्म्याने भरलेला (filled with the Spirit), देवदूत (angel), प्रभूचा आत्मा / πνεῦμα κυρίου framing (4:18)
Good News to the Poor and Marginalizedगरीब (poor), बंदिवान/मुक्तता (captives/release), आंधळ्यांना दृष्टी (sight to blind), पीडित (oppressed), जकातदार (tax collector), पापी (sinner), गरीब/अपंग/लंगडे/आंधळे (banquet list), लीनता (humble estate)
Repentance and Forgiveness of Sinsपश्चात्ताप (repentance), पापांची क्षमा (forgiveness of sins), हरवलेला (lost), हरवलेल्यांना शोधून तारणे (seek and save the lost), पश्चात्तापास योग्य फळे (fruits of repentance)
Prayer and Dependence on Godप्रार्थना (prayer), पिता/अब्बा (Father/Abba), रोजची भाकर (daily bread), चिंता (anxiety), वेदना/यातना (agony)
The Kingdom of God Present and Futureदेवाचे राज्य (kingdom of God), आज (today), पूर्ण झाले आहे (fulfilled), तुमच्यामध्ये (kingdom within/among you), उद्धार (redemption), धीर (endurance)
The Cost and Joy of Discipleshipशिष्य (disciple), वधस्तंभ (cross), स्वतःला नाकारणे (deny himself), द्वेष करणे (hate, comparative), आनंद (joy)
Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinnersकळवळा आला (compassion), पापी (sinner), जकातदार (tax collector), दयाळू (merciful), प्रीती (love), परादीस (Paradise, 23:43)

Risk Tier Summary (New Terms Only)

Risk TierCountReview Routing
Critical9Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence)
High20Human theologian
Medium22Native speaker review
Low8Automated review

This glossary supplements, and never contradicts, the Romans-curriculum baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. All Table A terms are locked; all Table B terms are proposed for ratification into translation memory in Phase 1 Step 2, with Critical/High entries routed for mandatory human theologian review before Phase 2 translation begins.


Critical Risk Terms

God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameśvar
Doctrine: God
Rejected alternatives: देव, भगवान

Inherited from Romans package. देव flattens monotheistic exclusivity (any deity at all — Ganpati, Vitthal, a village deity); भगवान collides with popular Hindu devotional address. Reused exactly throughout Luke (1:6, 1:16, 1:32, 1:47, etc.).


Jesus

Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: Yeśū
Doctrine: Christology
Rejected alternatives: ईसा

Inherited from Romans package. ईसा is associated with Muslim/Urdu usage. Standard throughout Luke.


Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभू
Transliteration: Prabhū
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, ईश्वर
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:43, 2:11, 5:8, 19:8, 24:34. Luke 6:46 (‘why do you call me Lord, Lord, and not do what I say’) ties the confession directly to exclusive obedience — must convey exclusive, presently-reigning Lordship, not one more beloved deity alongside Vitthal.


Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: परमात्मा, ब्रह्म

Inherited from Romans package. Extremely dense Spirit-language across Luke (1:15, 1:35, 1:41, 1:67, 3:22, 4:1, 4:14, 4:18, 10:21, 11:13, 24:49) requires the परमात्मा/ब्रह्म fencing to be reinforced repeatedly, not established once.


Son Of God

Approved rendering: देवाचा पुत्र
Transliteration: Devācā Putra
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवपुरुष, अवतारी पुरुष
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:35, 4:3, 4:9, 4:41, 8:28, 22:70. Luke 3:38 applies ‘son of God’ analogically to Adam by creation; flag for theologian review so this does not flatten Christ’s unique, eternal Sonship.


Messiah

Approved rendering: मसीहा
Transliteration: Masīhā
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: अवतारी पुरुष

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 2:11, 2:26, 3:15, 4:41, 9:20, 20:41, 22:67, 23:2, 23:35, 24:26, 24:46.


Incarnation

Approved rendering: देहधारण
Transliteration: Dehadhāraṇ
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार, बोधिसत्त्वाचा पुनर्जन्म
Original: concept underlying Luke 1:31-35, 2:7
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Applies to Luke’s nativity narrative (1:31-35, 2:6-7). NEVER अवतार; guard also against the Bodhisattva-rebirth false-friend for Navayana Buddhist readers.


Resurrection

Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: Punarutthān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म, पुनर्भव
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 9:22, 18:33, 20:27-38, 24:1-46. Keep terminologically distinct from उठवले (raised_temporal, used for the widow’s son and Jairus’s daughter), which are preliminary this-life restorations, not the doctrine of resurrection proper.


Salvation

Approved rendering: तारण / तारले
Transliteration: Tāraṇ / Tārale
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष, मुक्ती, निर्वाण
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke uses σῴζω with deliberate ambiguity between physical healing and spiritual salvation (7:50, 8:36, 8:48, 8:50, 17:19, 18:42) as well as explicit soteriological statements (1:69, 1:77, 2:11, 2:30, 3:6, 19:9-10). Use तारण/तारले consistently even in healing contexts, since Luke’s ambiguity is deliberate theological richness.


Grace

Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace as Unmerited Favor
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, पुण्य, स्वतःच्या प्रयत्नाने मिळवलेले
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:28-30 (Mary ‘found favor’), 2:40, 2:52, 4:22. Especially at 7:36-50, ensure the Marathi phrasing shows forgiveness as the CAUSE, not the fruit, of the sinful woman’s love, guarding against a merit-based misreading.


Righteousness

Approved rendering: नीतिमत्त्व
Transliteration: nītimattva
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:6, 1:75, 18:9 (‘those who trusted in themselves that they were righteous’). Never धर्म.


Justification

Approved rendering: नीतिमान ठरवणे
Transliteration: nītimān ṭharavaṇe
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: माफी मिळणे, पुण्य कमावणे
Original: δικαιόω / δικαίωσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 18:14 — the tax collector ‘went down to his house justified’ rather than the self-righteous Pharisee, a narrative dramatization of this doctrine. Must not be softened to suggest his humility itself earned righteousness.


Father

Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Rejected alternatives: निर्माता
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 2:49, 6:36, 10:21-22, 11:2-13 (Lord’s Prayer), 15:11-32 (Prodigal Son), 22:42, 23:34, 23:46, 24:49. Luke’s density of Father-address intensifies the need for consistent relational warmth within formal register.


Fulfilled

Approved rendering: पूर्ण झाले आहे
Transliteration: Pūrṇa Jhāle Āhe
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: चक्रीय पूर्तता (cyclical fulfillment)
Original: πληρόω (πεπλήρωται)
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke, core passage (4:21) and capstone (24:44). Never phrased to suggest repeatable cyclical fulfillment (Hindu yuga-cycle renewal) or an open-ended process without a definite historical anchor (Buddhist dependent-origination).


Savior

Approved rendering: तारणारा
Transliteration: Tāraṇārā
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People
Rejected alternatives: विठ्ठल-प्रकारचा तारणारा, बुद्ध-प्रकारचा मार्गदर्शक
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 1:47, 2:11. Maharashtra’s devotional landscape supplies multiple popular personal-savior figures (Vitthal, the Buddha); तारणारा must always be grammatically anchored to परमेश्वर/येशू, never left free-floating.


Authority To Forgive Sins

Approved rendering: पाप क्षमा करण्याचा अधिकार
Transliteration: Pāp Kṣamā Karaṇyācā Adhikār
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पौरोहित्य मध्यस्थी (priestly mediation)
Original: ἐξουσίαν … ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας
Category: Christology

New phrase for Luke. Luke 5:20-24. Must be rendered so the forgiving authority is unmistakably a divine prerogative exercised personally by Jesus (Son of Man), not a priestly or ritual mediatory function.


Son Of Man

Approved rendering: मनुष्याचा पुत्र
Transliteration: Manuṣyācā Putra
Doctrine: Son of Man Christology
Rejected alternatives: केवळ मानव (mere human being)
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology

New term for Luke, first occurrence 5:24, recurring 6:5, 6:22, 7:34, 9:22, 9:26, 9:44, 9:58, 11:30, 12:8, 12:40, 17:22-30, 18:8, 18:31, 19:10, 21:27, 21:36, 22:22, 22:48, 22:69, 24:7. The literal Marathi reads as merely ‘a human’s son,’ obscuring the Daniel 7:13-14 background entirely. Sustained translator/study note essential, especially at 9:22, 9:26, 19:10, 22:69.


Cross

Approved rendering: वधस्तंभ
Transliteration: Vadhastambh
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: सामान्य जीवन-कठिणाई (generic life hardship)
Original: σταυρός
Category: Church

New term for Luke, foundational to Cost and Joy of Discipleship. Luke 9:23 (‘take up his cross daily’), 14:27, 23:26, 23:33. Established Marathi Christian rendering; risk lies in ensuring ‘daily’ cross-bearing is not softened into a metaphor for any inconvenience.


Compassion Visceral

Approved rendering: कळवळा आला
Transliteration: Kaḷvaḷā Ālā
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: करुणा (Buddhist Brahmavihara-cultivated virtue)
Original: σπλαγχνίζομαι (ἐσπλαγχνίσθη)
Category: Church

New term for Luke, foundational to Compassion doctrine. Luke 7:13 (widow of Nain), 10:33 (Samaritan), 15:20 (the father). करुणा names a meditative, self-cultivated Buddhist virtue; कळवळा (visceral, gut-level compassion) is preferred, always occasioned by a specific encounter with a specific sufferer.


Seek And Save The Lost

Approved rendering: हरवलेल्यांना शोधून तारणे
Transliteration: Haravlelyānnā Śodhūn Tāraṇe
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ζητῆσαι καὶ σῶσαι τὸ ἀπολωλός
Category: Salvation

New term for Luke, the Gospel’s mission-defining verse. Luke 19:10, after Zacchaeus’s repentance. Reuse baseline तारण exactly; ‘शोधणे’ (seek) must convey Jesus’ own active initiative in pursuing the lost person, not a person’s own successful search for enlightenment or liberation.


Repentance Forgiveness All Nations

Approved rendering: पश्चात्ताप आणि पापांची क्षमा … सर्व राष्ट्रांना
Transliteration:
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: μετάνοιαν καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν … εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Salvation

New combination for Luke, capstone verse (24:47). Must render with full consistency to Luke 3:3’s phrasing (translation-memory consistency rule) and full universal scope, per the baseline’s caution against softening universality claims.


High Risk Terms

Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ति
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 5:20, 7:9, 7:50, 8:25, 8:48, 17:5-6, 17:19, 18:8, 18:42, 22:32.


Sin

Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāp
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 13:1-5 explicitly rejects proportional-suffering/misfortune-equals-guilt reasoning — of acute sensitivity given the caste-Hindu birth-karma doctrine Ambedkarite Buddhist communities explicitly rejected.


Holy

Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:15, 1:35, 1:49, 1:70, 1:72, 2:23, 4:34 (demon’s confession, ‘the Holy One of God’).


Saints

Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: संत, मुनी
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Corporate holiness concept underlies the disciple community throughout Luke; never संत, which names the revered Warkari poet-saints.


Sanctification

Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरण
Transliteration: pavitrīkaraṇ
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धीकरण
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Underlies Luke’s call to holy living, e.g. 1:74-75 (‘serve him without fear, in holiness’).


Law

Approved rendering: नियमशास्त्र
Transliteration: niyamśāstra
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, धम्म
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 2:22-27, 2:39 (Jesus’ parents fulfilling the Law), 5:17, 10:26, 16:16-17, 24:44. NEVER धर्म or धम्म.


Glory

Approved rendering: गौरव
Transliteration: gaurav
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तेज, प्रकाश
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 2:9, 2:14, 2:32, 9:26, 9:31-32 (Transfiguration), 21:27, 24:26. Avoid light-only imagery that could merge with bodhi-light/enlightenment associations.


Covenant

Approved rendering: करार
Transliteration: karār
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: वचन
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:72-73 (God’s covenant with Abraham) and 22:20 (the new covenant in Christ’s blood).


Abba

Approved rendering: अब्बा
Transliteration: Abbā
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God

Inherited from Romans package. Textually relevant alongside पिता wherever Aramaic intimacy is in view (cf. Luke 22:42, ‘Father, if you are willing’).


Power Of God

Approved rendering: देवाचे सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: devāce sāmarthya
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: शक्ती
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:35, 4:14, 4:36, 5:17, 6:19, 9:1, 10:19, 21:27, 24:49. Never शक्ती (Shakti/mother-goddess associations, e.g. Tuljapur’s Tuljabhavani).


Election

Approved rendering: देवाची निवड
Transliteration: devācī nivaḍ
Doctrine: Divine Calling of Disciples
Rejected alternatives: नशीब, दैव, कर्मफळ
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 6:13 (choosing the Twelve), 9:35 (‘This is my Son, my Chosen One’), 23:35. Must never echo the karma-birth explanation of social station rejected by Ambedkarite Buddhist communities.


Providence

Approved rendering: देवाचे विधान
Transliteration: devāce vidhān
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Rejected alternatives: नशीब, कर्माचा नियम
Original: πρόνοια (implied, cf. Luke 12:6-7, 22-32)
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 12:6-7 (sparrows), 12:22-32 (do not be anxious), 21:18 (‘not a hair of your head will perish’). Must not echo karma-based explanations of misfortune or low status.


Called

Approved rendering: बोलावलेले
Transliteration: bolāvlele
Doctrine: Divine Calling of Disciples
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रित
Original: κλητός / καλέω
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 5:32 (‘I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners’), 6:13, 14:7-24. Context-sensitive per occurrence.


Calling

Approved rendering: पाचारण
Transliteration: pācāraṇ
Doctrine: Divine Calling of Disciples
Rejected alternatives: आवाहन
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Noun form underlying the disciple-calling pattern of Luke 5-9.


Gospel

Approved rendering: शुभवर्तमान
Transliteration: śubhavartamān
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: बातमी, खबर
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 4:18 (εὐαγγελίσασθαι, ‘to proclaim good news’ — core passage), 7:22, 16:16, 20:1. Must not be flattened into a generic positive announcement competing with Warkari devotional ‘good news’ or Buddhist proclamation of liberation.


Anointed

Approved rendering: अभिषिक्त केले
Transliteration: Abhiṣikta Kele
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: अभिषेक (bare ritual noun)
Original: χρίω (ἔχρισεν)
Category: Christology

New term for Luke, core passage (4:18, quoting Isaiah 61:1). अभिषेक is the standard Marathi/Hindu term for ritual libation-anointing of a deity’s image (abhisheka), a repeatable devotional rite. Here it is a one-time divine commissioning of the unique Messiah. Translator note required at first occurrence.


Acceptable Year Of The Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभूच्या कृपेचे वर्ष
Transliteration: Prabhūcyā Kṛpecē Varṣa
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: शुभ वर्ष (generic auspicious year)
Original: ἐνιαυτὸν κυρίου δεκτόν
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke, core passage (4:19). Alludes to the OT Year of Jubilee (Leviticus 25). Requires mandatory OT background note; without it the phrase risks sounding like a generic annual blessing or an astrological ‘auspicious year’ from panchang/almanac culture rather than the specific, unrepeatable Jubilee-fulfillment claim.


Today

Approved rendering: आज
Transliteration: Āj
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: σήμερον
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Distinctive Lukan emphasis: 2:11, 4:21 (core passage), 19:9, 23:43. High risk from theological weight, not lexical difficulty; must not be flattened into a merely narrative time-marker.


Poor

Approved rendering: गरीब
Transliteration: Garīb
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: गरीब मनाने (Matthew’s ‘poor in spirit’ qualifier)
Original: πτωχός
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 4:18 (core passage), 6:20, 7:22, 14:13, 14:21, 16:20-22, 18:22, 19:8, 21:3. Retain unqualified economic sense; do not import Matthew’s spiritualizing qualifier into Luke’s parallel text.


Captives Release

Approved rendering: बंदिवानांना मुक्तता जाहीर करणे
Transliteration: Bandivānānnā Muktatā Jāhīr Karaṇe
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ती (forbidden Hindu-liberation term)
Original: αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke, core passage (4:18). Use मुक्तता (concrete release/freedom) only, NEVER मुक्ती. Flag for theologian review to prevent conflation with मोक्ष/मुक्ती theology.


Filled With Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्म्याने भरलेला
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmyāne Bharlelā
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: तात्पुरती समाधी अवस्था (temporary trance state)
Original: πλησθήσεται/ἐπλήσθη Πνεύματος Ἁγίου
Category: God

New phrase for Luke. Luke 1:15, 1:41, 1:67, 4:1. Must not suggest temporary trance/oracular-possession state familiar from folk-religious or Warkari kirtan ecstatic practice; conveys abiding empowerment.


Redemption

Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: Uddhār
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष
Original: λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation

New term for Luke. Luke 2:38 (Anna), 21:28 (‘your redemption is drawing near’), 24:21. NEVER मुक्ति/मोक्ष.


Repentance

Approved rendering: पश्चात्ताप
Transliteration: Paścāttāp
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: केवळ खेद/दुःख (mere regret)
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 3:3, 3:8, 5:32, 13:3-5, 15:7, 15:10, 17:3-4, 24:47. Etymologically leans toward emotional regret; context must always supply decisive behavioral/relational turning.


Forgiveness Of Sins

Approved rendering: पापांची क्षमा
Transliteration: Pāpāṃcī Kṣamā
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: केवळ क्षमा (bare ‘forgiveness’ without पाप)
Original: ἄφεσις (ἁμαρτιῶν)
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 1:77, 3:3 (repeated verbatim at 24:47), 5:20-24, 7:47-49, 11:4, 17:3-4, 23:34. Always pair क्षमा explicitly with पाप.


Disciple

Approved rendering: शिष्य
Transliteration: Śiṣya
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: गुरु-शिष्य परंपरेतील शिष्य (unqualified guru-disciple usage)
Original: μαθητής
Category: Church

New term for Luke, foundational to Cost and Joy of Discipleship. Luke 5:1-11, 5:27-33, 6:13-40, 9:1-14, 9:23-25, 14:25-33, 18:15. CRITICAL collision with the pervasive Hindu guru-śiṣya and Warkari sant-lineage tradition, where a शिष्य progresses toward the guru’s own attainment. Biblical discipleship is total, exclusive, Christ-initiated allegiance. Translator note mandatory at first extended use (5:1-11, 27-32) and again at 14:25-33.


Sinner

Approved rendering: पापी
Transliteration: Pāpī
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: केवळ अमूर्त पाप करणारी व्यक्ती (mere abstract ‘one who sins’)
Original: ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 5:8, 5:30-32, 6:32-34, 7:34, 7:37-39, 15:1-2, 15:7-10, 18:13, 19:7. Retain the specific social-religious sense of publicly recognized outcast status.


Deny Himself

Approved rendering: स्वतःला नाकारणे
Transliteration: Svataḥlā Nākāraṇe
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: अष्टांगिक मार्गाचे स्व-साधन (Eightfold Path self-cultivation)
Original: ἀπαρνέομαι ἑαυτόν
Category: Church

New term for Luke. Luke 9:23, paired with cross-bearing. A Navayana Buddhist reader may assimilate this to the Eightfold Path’s disciplined relinquishing of ego. Biblical self-denial is relational reorientation toward a personal Lord, not a technique of self-cultivation.


Neighbor

Approved rendering: शेजारी
Transliteration: Śejārī
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People
Original: πλησίον
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 10:25-37 (Good Samaritan). High risk given unusually direct application in caste-conscious Maharashtra; the redefinition beyond kin/caste/community lines must be preserved with full force.


Prayer

Approved rendering: प्रार्थना
Transliteration: Prārthanā
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: προσευχή / προσεύχομαι
Category: Faith

New term for Luke, foundational to Prayer and Dependence on God. Luke 1:13, 3:21, 5:16, 6:12, 9:18, 9:28-29, 11:1-13 (Lord’s Prayer), 18:1-14, 22:32, 22:39-46. Always anchor to address made specifically to परमेश्वर as पिता, not a generic devotional posture shared with puja/chanting.


Kingdom Within Among You

Approved rendering: तुमच्यामध्ये
Transliteration: Tumcyāmadhye
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: अंतर्यामी (Hindu inner-dweller theology, inward-only rendering)
Original: ἐντὸς ὑμῶν
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke, central to Kingdom Present and Future. Luke 17:20-21. Recommended ‘among/in the midst of you’ over inward-only ‘within you’ to avoid antaryāmī/inner-awakening associations. Genuinely ambiguous Greek; flag for mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.


Poor Crippled Lame Blind

Approved rendering: गरीब, अपंग, लंगडे, आंधळे
Transliteration: Garīb, Apāṅg, Laṅgaḍe, Āndhaḷe
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: πτωχούς, ἀναπείρους, χωλούς, τυφλούς
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 14:12-14, 14:21. Must retain the specific ‘cannot repay’ grace-logic of the invitation, not generic charitable inclusion.


Hate Comparative

Approved rendering: द्वेष करणे / कमी प्रेम करणे
Transliteration: Dveṣ Karaṇe
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: μισέω (μισεῖ)
Category: Church

New term for Luke. Luke 14:26, paired with cross-bearing (14:27). A Semitic idiom of comparative preference, not literal hostility toward family; mandatory translator note required at every occurrence.


New Covenant

Approved rendering: नवीन करार
Transliteration: Navīn Karār
Doctrine: The New Covenant Instituted in Christ’s Blood
Original: ἡ καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke, reusing baseline करार. Luke 22:20. ‘नवीन’ must be understood as covenant renewal/fulfillment (cf. Jeremiah 31), not replacement or rejection of God’s prior faithfulness to Israel.


Body Blood

Approved rendering: शरीर / रक्त
Transliteration: Śarīr/Rakta
Doctrine: The New Covenant Instituted in Christ’s Blood
Original: σῶμα / αἷμα
Category: Church

New term for Luke. Luke 22:19-20 (institution of the Lord’s Supper). Standard vocabulary; flag for theologian review regarding the receiving denomination’s sacramental theology (memorial vs. real presence).


Paradise

Approved rendering: परादीस
Transliteration: Parādīs
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People
Rejected alternatives: स्वर्ग, नंदनवन
Original: παράδεισος
Category: Eschatology

New term for Luke. Luke 23:43, promised to the repentant criminal. Prefer transliteration over स्वर्ग (multiple temporary heavenly realms within rebirth) or नंदनवन (Puranic garden mythology); brief explanatory gloss recommended at first occurrence.


Ascended

Approved rendering: स्वर्गात नेले गेले
Transliteration: Svargāt Nele Gele
Doctrine: Ascension and Christ’s Ongoing Reign
Rejected alternatives: परिनिर्वाण (parinirvana), मोक्ष-प्रस्थान (moksha-departure)
Original: ἀναφέρω / ἀναλαμβάνω
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 24:51. Distinguish from parinirvana (a final ending) or a generic moksha-departure concept; svarga here refers specifically to God’s own heavenly presence and Christ’s ongoing reign, not an ending.


Medium Risk Terms

Church

Approved rendering: मंडळी
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: देऊळ, मंदिर
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Proto-ecclesial in Luke; the disciple-community gathered throughout the Gospel, though the term itself is post-Pentecost. Never देऊळ/मंदिर.


Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: देवाचे राज्य
Transliteration: devāce rājya
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरी राष्ट्र
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package. Extremely frequent in Luke (30+ occurrences: 4:43, 6:20, 7:28, 8:1, 8:10, 9:2, 9:11, 9:27, 9:60, 9:62, 10:9, 10:11, 11:20, 12:31-32, 13:18-29, 14:15, 16:16, 17:20-21, 18:16-29, 19:11, 21:31, 22:16-18, 22:29-30, 23:42, 23:51). Distinguish from a political, territorial, or nationalist kingdom throughout.


Gentiles

Approved rendering: अन्यजातीय
Transliteration: anyajātīya
Doctrine: Unity of Jews, Gentiles, and Samaritans under the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 2:32 (Simeon, ‘a light for revelation to the Gentiles’), 21:24, 24:47.


David

Approved rendering: दावीद
Transliteration: Dāvīd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:27, 1:32, 1:69, 2:4, 2:11, 3:31, 18:38-39, 20:41-44.


Israel

Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Isrāel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews, Gentiles, and Samaritans under the Gospel
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:16, 1:54, 1:68, 1:80, 2:25, 2:32, 2:34, 4:25, 4:27, 22:30.


Peace

Approved rendering: शांती
Transliteration: śāntī
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: मनःशांती
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:79, 2:14, 2:29, 7:50, 8:48, 10:5-6, 19:38, 19:42 (Jesus weeping over Jerusalem, ‘the things that make for peace’), 24:36.


Intercession

Approved rendering: मध्यस्थी
Transliteration: madhyasthī
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: ἐντυγχάνω (implied, cf. Luke 22:32)
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 22:32, Jesus’ prayer for Peter (‘I have prayed for you’).


Mission

Approved rendering: मिशन / सुवार्ता प्रसार
Transliteration: miśan / suvārtā prasār
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission to All Nations
Original: ἀποστέλλω / πέμπω
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 9:1-6 (the Twelve), 10:1-16 (the Seventy-Two), 24:47. सुवार्ता प्रसार preferred given मिशन’s colonial-era connotation.


Apostle

Approved rendering: प्रेषित
Transliteration: preṣit
Doctrine: Divine Calling of Disciples
Rejected alternatives: गुरू, संदेशवाहक
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 6:13, 9:10, 11:49, 17:5, 22:14, 24:10. Distinguish from a generic guru or spiritual teacher role.


Synagogue

Approved rendering: सभास्थान
Transliteration: Sabhāsthān
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: मंडळी, देऊळ, मंदिर
Original: συναγωγή
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 4:16, 4:20, 4:44, 6:6, 7:5, 13:10. Must be kept distinct from मंडळी (church, baseline) and from देऊळ/मंदिर (Hindu temple); names a Scripture-reading institution, not a sacrificial-ritual site. Brief explanatory gloss recommended on first use.


Sabbath

Approved rendering: शब्बाथ
Transliteration: Śabbāth
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: सुट्टीचा दिवस
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 4:16, 6:1-11, 13:10-16, 14:1-6, 23:56. Do not render as generic ‘day off,’ which would strip the covenantal, worship-oriented sense.


Sight To Blind

Approved rendering: आंधळ्यांना दृष्टी
Transliteration: Āndhaḷyānnā Dṛṣṭī
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: बोधी-प्रकाश प्रतिमा (bodhi-light imagery)
Original: τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 4:18 (core passage), 7:21-22, 18:35-43. Avoid merging with Buddhist enlightenment/bodhi-light imagery or Hindu darshan; this is Christ’s compassionate healing action.


Oppressed

Approved rendering: पीडित
Transliteration: Pīḍit
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळामुळे पीडित (karma-affliction reading)
Original: τεθραυσμένοι (θραύω)
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke, core passage (4:18). Ensure this is read as those Christ liberates by his own action, never as bearing the fruit of accumulated past-life karma.


Angel

Approved rendering: देवदूत
Transliteration: Devadūt
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: देव (generic deity)
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: God

New term for Luke. Luke 1:11-38 (Gabriel), 2:9-15, 22:43, 24:23. Keep clearly distinct from देव — a created, sent servant of the one परमेश्वर, not a minor god in a pantheon.


Mercy

Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: Dayā
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God

New term for Luke. Luke 1:50, 1:54, 1:58, 1:72, 1:78 (Magnificat/Benedictus), 10:37, 18:38-39. Retain the specific covenant-keeping sense, not a generic bhakti/Buddhist compassion.


Humble Estate

Approved rendering: लीनता
Transliteration: Līnatā
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: केवळ आंतरिक नम्रता (mere inner humility)
Original: ταπείνωσις
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 1:48, 1:52. Must convey real social lowliness, not merely inner virtue, so as not to spiritualize away Luke’s social concern.


Consolation Of Israel

Approved rendering: इस्राएलाचे सांत्वन
Transliteration: Isrāelāce Sāntvan
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: παράκλησις τοῦ Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 2:25 (Simeon).


Fruits Of Repentance

Approved rendering: पश्चात्तापास योग्य फळे
Transliteration: Paścāttāpās Yogya Phaḷe
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ (karma-fruit)
Original: καρποὺς ἀξίους τῆς μετανοίας
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 3:8. Render as evidence of a prior gift, never as merit that earns standing.


Tempted

Approved rendering: परीक्षा घेणे / मोहात पाडणे
Transliteration: Parīkṣā Ghene
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तपस्या (ascetic self-testing)
Original: πειράζω (πειραζόμενος)
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 4:1-13, 22:28, 22:40. Distinguish from Hindu karmic trial or ascetic tapasya; here the testing is by the devil, resisted by Scripture.


Devil

Approved rendering: सैतान
Transliteration: Saitān
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: असुर/राक्षस (Hindu mythological figures)
Original: διάβολος
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 4:2-13, 8:12. Keep distinct from Hindu asura/rakshasa mythology, not equivalent theological categories.


Authority

Approved rendering: अधिकार
Transliteration: Adhikār
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: सामर्थ्य (God’s saving power, baseline)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 4:32, 4:36, 5:24, 9:1, 10:19, 20:2-8. Keep distinct from baseline सामर्थ्य — अधिकार conveys rightful authority to command/judge/forgive.


Demon

Approved rendering: अशुद्ध आत्मा
Transliteration: Aśuddha Ātmā
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: भूत (folk ghost-of-the-dead)
Original: δαιμόνιον
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 4:33-41, 8:2, 8:26-39, 9:37-43. Avoid भूत; अशुद्ध आत्मा is the safer, more precise established Christian rendering.


Tax Collector

Approved rendering: जकातदार
Transliteration: Jakātdār
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: जात-आधारित समानता (direct caste equivalence)
Original: τελώνης
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 3:12, 5:27-30, 7:29, 7:34, 15:1, 18:10-14, 19:2. Convey social contempt/exclusion without asserting a direct caste-category equivalence, which would be historically inaccurate.


Cleansed Ritual

Approved rendering: शुद्ध करणे
Transliteration: Śuddha Karaṇe
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: καθαρίζω
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 5:12-14, 17:14-17. The ritual-purity sense of शुद्ध is correctly intended here (literal leprosy purification under Mosaic law), unlike its rejected use for ‘holy.‘


Blessed

Approved rendering: धन्य
Transliteration: Dhanya
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: सामान्य सुदैव (generic fortune)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 1:45, 6:20-22 (Beatitudes), 7:23, 11:27-28, 12:37-38, 14:14-15, 23:29. Anchor to God’s specific eschatological reversal, not generic bhakti darshan-privilege (‘धन्य तो क्षण’).


Merciful Character

Approved rendering: दयाळू
Transliteration: Dayāḷū
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: οἰκτίρμων
Category: God

New term for Luke. Luke 6:36 (‘be merciful, even as your Father is merciful’). Consistent with baseline root दया.


Love Of Enemies

Approved rendering: प्रीती / प्रेम
Transliteration: Prītī / Prem
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: रोमँटिक प्रेम
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 6:27-36, 7:42-47, 10:27, 11:43. Ensure willed, self-giving, non-reciprocal sense, not romantic or merely affectionate love.


Raised Temporal

Approved rendering: उठवले
Transliteration: Uṭhavale
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनरुत्थान (reserved for Christ’s own final resurrection)
Original: ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology

New term for Luke. Luke 7:14-15 (widow’s son), 8:54 (Jairus’s daughter). Keep terminologically distinct from baseline पुनरुत्थान.


Word Of God

Approved rendering: देवाचे वचन
Transliteration: Devāce Vacan
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: वचन (bare promise, too weak)
Original: ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 5:1, 8:11 (parable of the sower), 8:21, 11:28. Keep distinct from वचन alone by retaining the full phrase.


Transfigured

Approved rendering: रूपांतर झाले
Transliteration: Rūpāntar Jhāle
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार-परिवर्तन, काय-सिद्धी (yogic body-transformation)
Original: μεταμορφόω (μετεμορφώθη)
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 9:28-36. Momentary unveiling of pre-existing divine glory, not an acquired transformation or new incarnation.


Samaritan

Approved rendering: शोमरोनी
Transliteration: Śomaronī
Doctrine: Unity of Jews, Gentiles, and Samaritans under the Gospel
Original: Σαμαρίτης
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 10:33, 17:16. Requires background explanatory note on first occurrence explaining first-century Jewish-Samaritan enmity; must not be over-mapped onto modern caste analogy, which would flatten historical particularity.


Eternal Life

Approved rendering: सार्वकालिक जीवन
Transliteration: Sārvakālik Jīvan
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Rejected alternatives: आत्म्याचे सातत्य/निर्वाण (soul continuation/cessation)
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 10:25, 18:18, 18:30. Must not collapse into a generic Hindu/Buddhist eternal-soul or cessation concept; conveys resurrection-life in God’s kingdom, received by faith.


Anxiety

Approved rendering: चिंता
Transliteration: Cintā
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: μέριμνα / μεριμνάω
Category: Faith

New term for Luke. Luke 12:22-31. Frame as trust extended toward a personal, providing Father, not an inner state self-achieved through meditative discipline.


Lost

Approved rendering: हरवलेला
Transliteration: Haravlelā
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἀπολωλός / ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 15:4-32 (three parables), 19:10. Ensure genuine peril/ruin, not mere misplacement, so the joy of recovery carries full theological weight.


Joy

Approved rendering: आनंद
Transliteration: Ānand
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: आनंद as moksha/Brahman-bliss (ānanda) or meditative bliss
Original: χαρά
Category: Church

New term for Luke. Luke 1:14, 2:10, 6:23, 10:17, 10:21, 15:7, 15:10, 15:32, 24:41, 24:52. Anchor specifically to God’s own personal, relational joy over a repentant sinner, never impersonal cosmic bliss self-attained through practice.


Mammon

Approved rendering: धन / संपत्ती (मम्मोन)
Transliteration: Dhan/Sampattī (Mammon)
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: μαμωνᾶς
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 16:9-13 (‘you cannot serve God and mammon’). Ensure the sense of a rival master demanding total service, not merely money as a neutral object; retain मम्मोन transliteration to preserve personification.


Rich

Approved rendering: श्रीमंत
Transliteration: Śrīmant
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: πλούσιος
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 6:24, 12:16, 14:12, 16:1, 16:19-31 (Rich Man and Lazarus), 18:23, 19:2. Structural counterpart to गरीब.


Endurance

Approved rendering: धीर / सहनशीलता
Transliteration: Dhīr/Sahanaśīlatā
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Eschatology

New term for Luke. Luke 21:19 (‘by your endurance you will gain your lives’).


Agony

Approved rendering: वेदना / यातना
Transliteration: Vedanā/Yātanā
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Original: ἀγωνία
Category: Christology

New term for Luke. Luke 22:44 (Gethsemane). Preserve genuine human dread and struggle held together with submissive obedience, minimizing neither pole.


Opened Their Minds

Approved rendering: त्यांचे मन उघडले
Transliteration: Tyāṃce Man Ughaḍale
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: बोधी/प्रकाश प्रतिमा (generic enlightenment imagery)
Original: διήνοιξεν τὸν νοῦν
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 24:45. Keep distinct from generic enlightenment/bodhi-light imagery — this is Christ personally granting Scripture-understanding, not impersonal illumination attained through practice.


Low Risk Terms

Prophet

Approved rendering: संदेष्टा
Transliteration: sandeṣṭā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषी
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 1:76 (John the Baptist), 4:17, 4:24, 7:16, 7:26, 7:39, 13:33-34, 24:19, 24:27.


Prophecy

Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: भविष्यफल
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Zechariah’s prophecy (1:67) and the resurrection appeal to prophetic fulfillment (24:44).


Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: उपकारस्तुती
Transliteration: upakārastutī
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Luke 17:16 (healed Samaritan leper), 18:11, 22:17-19.


Fellowship

Approved rendering: सहभागिता
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Table Fellowship as Kingdom Practice
Rejected alternatives: मैत्री
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Underlies Luke’s frequent table-fellowship scenes (5:29, 7:36, 15:1-2, 19:5-7); retain literal meal-narrative vocabulary (जेवण, भोजन) in narrative text, using सहभागिता for doctrinal commentary.


Sign

Approved rendering: चिन्ह
Transliteration: Cinha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: σημεῖον
Category: Covenant

New term for Luke. Luke 2:12, 2:34, 11:29-30, 21:7, 21:11, 21:25.


Centurion

Approved rendering: शताधिपती
Transliteration: Śatādhipatī
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People
Original: ἑκατοντάρχης
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 7:1-10, 23:47. A Gentile’s exemplary faith anticipates full Gentile inclusion.


Legion

Approved rendering: लीगीयन
Transliteration: Līgīyan
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: Λεγιών
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 8:30. Proper noun, transliterated; displays the scale of Jesus’ authority over the demonic realm.


Daily Bread

Approved rendering: रोजची भाकर
Transliteration: Rojcī Bhākar
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: τὸν ἄρτον τὸν ἐπιούσιον
Category: Faith

New term for Luke. Luke 11:3.


Fool

Approved rendering: मूर्ख
Transliteration: Mūrkh
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: ἄφρων
Category: Kingdom

New term for Luke. Luke 12:20 (Rich Fool parable).


Prodigally

Approved rendering: उधळपट्टी करून
Transliteration: Udhaḷpaṭṭī Karūn
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἀσώτως
Category: Sin

New term for Luke. Luke 15:13. Reckless, ruinous living, an ironic wordplay on ‘un-saved-ly.’

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