Cross-Reference Analysis
Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis — Gospel of Mark (English → Marathi)
How to Read This Document
This document maps every Old Testament quotation and allusion, every messianic reference, every typological pattern, and every cross-curriculum parallel to Romans found across the whole of Mark 1–16. It exists to keep Phase 2 segment translation doctrinally and lexically consistent — both internally across Mark’s 16 chapters, and externally against the already-shipped Romans Language Package.
Citation format: All citations in this document use the normalizable “Book Chapter:Verse” style (e.g., Mark 10:45, Isaiah 53:10-12, Genesis 15:6) for cross-referencing purposes. This is an analysis-layer convention. In final translated Phase 2 output, citations must instead follow the baseline’s Marathi Bible citation convention (book name + Arabic numerals, e.g., मार्कलिखित शुभवर्तमान 10:45; रोमकरांस पत्र 3:23), per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md’s Cross-Reference Preservation Rules.
Additional Marathi OT/NT book names required for Mark’s cross-references (extending the baseline’s partial list):
| English | Marathi |
|---|---|
| Mark | मार्कलिखित शुभवर्तमान |
| Exodus | निर्गम |
| Leviticus | लेवीय |
| Numbers | गणना |
| Deuteronomy | अनुवाद |
| 1 Samuel | 1 शमुवेल |
| Psalm(s) | स्तोत्रसंहिता |
| Jeremiah | यिर्मया |
| Ezekiel | यहेज्केल |
| Daniel | दानीएल |
| Hosea | होशेय |
| Amos | आमोस |
| Malachi | मलाखी |
| Zechariah | जखऱ्या |
| Lamentations | विलापगीत |
Type key used in the matrix: DQ = Direct Quotation; AL = Allusion; TY = Typology; EC = Verbal/Conceptual Echo.
PART A — Cross-Reference Matrix, Chapter by Chapter
Chapter 1
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 1:2-3 | Malachi 3:1; Isaiah 40:3 | DQ (composite) | Messianic forerunner; New Exodus “way of the Lord” | John the Baptist | High. “The way of the Lord” (मार्ग प्रभूचा) must use [BASELINE REUSE] प्रभू; must match established Marathi OT wording of Isaiah 40:3, not a fresh paraphrase, since both Testaments must read as one continuous voice. |
| Mark 1:11 | Psalm 2:7; Isaiah 42:1 | DQ/AL (composite echo) | Sonship of Christ; Suffering Servant | The Father (voice from heaven) | Critical. Two distinct OT streams (royal-Son enthronement, Psalm 2; humble Servant, Isaiah 42) are fused in one declaration — do not collapse to a single thread; both threads feed directly into the curriculum’s paired doctrines “Suffering Servant” and “Son of God.” Render with [BASELINE REUSE] देवाचा पुत्र family (माझा प्रिय पुत्र). |
| Mark 1:44 | Leviticus 14:2-32 | AL (procedural reference) | Authority over Sickness; ritual purity | Healed leper; Moses | High. Connects to the cross-cutting शुद्ध/अशुद्ध theme (see Part D below). “What Moses commanded” must reference नियमशास्त्र (baseline law term), not a vague “old rules.” |
Chapter 2
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 2:25-26 | 1 Samuel 21:1-6 | DQ (named reference, “have you never read…”) | Sabbath; Lordship of Christ over the Law | David, Ahimelech | High. Ties Jesus’ Son-of-Man Sabbath authority to Davidic precedent — reinforces दावीद consistency with baseline. |
| Mark 2:27-28 | Exodus 20:8-11; Deuteronomy 5:12-15 (background) | AL | Sabbath; Law | — | Medium. Reuses baseline law = नियमशास्त्र; Sabbath itself is [NEW — Mark] शब्बाथ (see 08_core_glossary.md). |
Chapter 3
Reviewed in full. No new direct OT quotations. Mark 3:24-27 (“a house divided against itself”) is proverbial/parabolic reasoning, not a scriptural citation. No cross-reference matrix entries beyond terms already logged in 07_semantic_analysis.md (apostle, blasphemy against the Spirit, true family/will of God).
Chapter 4
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 4:12 | Isaiah 6:9-10 | DQ | Messianic Secret; Kingdom parables | — | Critical. Judicial-hardening quotation; must not be softened into “some people just don’t understand.” Must match established Marathi OT Isaiah 6:9-10 wording for citation consistency across Testaments. |
| Mark 4:29 | Joel 3:13 | EC | Kingdom Breaking In (harvest/judgment imagery) | — | Medium. Harvest-ripeness imagery; low ambiguity. |
| Mark 4:39 | Psalm 107:23-30 | AL | Authority over Nature; Deity of Christ | — | High. Jesus stilling the storm echoes Yahweh’s own storm-stilling authority in the Psalms — an implicit divine-identity claim; flag for teaching material supporting the Deity of Christ doctrine. |
Chapter 5
Reviewed in full. No direct OT quotation. Background typology: Levitical purity law (Leviticus 15:19-30) underlies the bleeding-woman account (Mark 5:25-34) — see Part D. The Legion narrative (Mark 5:1-13) has no direct citation; the drowning of the pigs is not treated as a formal Exodus/Red Sea allusion in the text itself and should not be over-read as one.
Chapter 6
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 6:34 | Numbers 27:17; Ezekiel 34:5,23 | AL | Kingdom; Shepherd-King typology | Moses (Numbers); David/Messiah (Ezekiel) | High. “Sheep without a shepherd” ties directly to the Davidic Shepherd-King thread that runs through 10:47-48, 11:9-10, 12:35-37; render consistently, do not translate as a generic pastoral metaphor divorced from this thread. |
| Mark 6:35-44 | Exodus 16 (manna); 2 Kings 4:42-44 (Elisha) | TY | Authority over Nature; New Exodus | Moses; Elisha | Medium. Wilderness-feeding typology; must not be flattened into a generic miracle-of-abundance story only. |
Chapter 7
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 7:6-7 | Isaiah 29:13 | DQ | Tradition vs. Command of God | Pharisees, scribes | High. “This people honors me with their lips” — the word “worship/honor” (τιμάω) should be rendered उपासना/आराधना, NOT भक्ति (bhakti is reserved-risk vocabulary per baseline faith notes on devotional-reverence collision). [NEW — Mark] term “worship” (उपासना) should be formally registered in translation memory. |
| Mark 7:10 | Exodus 20:12; Exodus 21:17; Deuteronomy 5:16 | DQ | Law; Tradition | — | Medium. Reuses नियमशास्त्र; must match established Decalogue wording (see Part C, Rule 7). |
Chapter 8
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 8:18 | Jeremiah 5:21; Ezekiel 12:2 | AL | Faith/spiritual perception amid fear | — | Medium. “Eyes but do not see” — parallel disciple-blindness motif to 4:12; keep phrasing distinct from the Isaiah 6:9-10 quotation at 4:12 (different OT source), but thematically linked. |
| Mark 8:31 | Isaiah 53 (Servant Songs, general background) | TY | Necessity of the Cross; Suffering Servant | Son of Man | High. First Passion prediction; no direct quotation but establishes the trajectory fulfilled explicitly at 10:45 and 14:24. |
| Mark 8:38 | Daniel 7:13-14 | AL | Son of Man in glory | Son of Man | Critical. Same title-family as 10:45’s humble usage — the glory/service tension is programmatic for the whole book (see 10_biblical_theme_map.md). |
Chapter 9
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 9:2-8 | Exodus 24:15-18; Exodus 34:29-35 | TY | Deity of Christ; Sonship | Moses, Elijah | High. Cloud, mountain, radiant glory — Sinai typology; must not be assimilated to अवतार (avatar) imagery per baseline incarnation doctrine note. |
| Mark 9:7 | Deuteronomy 18:15 | AL | Authority; Messianic Promise (“Prophet like Moses”) | Moses | High. “Listen to him” positions Jesus as the definitive Mosaic prophet — distinct from a guru-teacher whose authority is attained rather than given. |
| Mark 9:11-13 | Malachi 4:5-6 | DQ (named reference) | Fulfillment of Prophecy | Elijah; John the Baptist | Medium-High. Reinforces baseline fulfillment_of_prophecy doctrine: linear, one-time fulfillment, not cyclical. |
| Mark 9:48 | Isaiah 66:24 | DQ | Judgment | — | Medium. |
Chapter 10 (includes core passage, Mark 10:35-45)
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 10:4 | Deuteronomy 24:1-4 | DQ | Law; marriage | Moses | Medium. |
| Mark 10:6-8 | Genesis 1:27; Genesis 2:24 | DQ | Creation order; marriage | — | Medium-High. Must match established Marathi OT Genesis wording — do not paraphrase the creation account independently. |
| Mark 10:19 | Exodus 20:12-16; Deuteronomy 5:16-20 | DQ (partial Decalogue) | Law | — | Medium. |
| Mark 10:27 | Genesis 18:14; Job 42:2 (echo) | AL | Grace; Power of God | — | High. “With God all things are possible” directly serves the Grace doctrine (baseline grace = कृपा, Critical) — impossibility of self-earned salvation; connects to Romans 4:4-5 and 11:5-6 (grace vs. works) escalation rules already in the baseline requirements document. |
| Mark 10:45 | Isaiah 53:10-12 | TY / fulfillment | Ransom for Many; Suffering Servant | Son of Man | CRITICAL — core passage anchor. See Part C, Rule 2, for the required cross-curriculum consistency with Romans 10:16 (which quotes Isaiah 53:1 from the same Servant Song). Both curricula draw on the same Servant figure; Isaiah 53 vocabulary (सेवक, दुःख सहन करणे, पुष्कळांसाठी) must be rendered identically wherever it recurs. |
Chapter 11
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 11:9-10 | Psalm 118:25-26 | DQ | Kingdom; Messianic entry | Crowds | High. “Hosanna” (होसान्ना) gloss required — see 08_core_glossary.md. |
| Mark 11:17 | Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 7:11 | DQ (composite) | Universal Scope of Gospel; Temple | — | Critical. Isaiah 56:7’s “house of prayer for all nations/peoples” is a direct textual anchor for Gentile-inclusion universality — render “all nations” so it visibly corresponds to the universal-scope vocabulary already established for Romans (see Part C, Rule 4). |
Chapter 12
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 12:1-9 | Isaiah 5:1-2 | TY | Israel’s unfaithfulness; the Son sent and rejected | Tenants; the son | High. Vineyard typology; the “beloved son” (12:6) sent last echoes 1:11/9:7’s Sonship declarations. |
| Mark 12:10-11 | Psalm 118:22-23 | DQ | Christ rejected/vindicated | — | High. “Stone” imagery thematically parallels Romans 9:33 (which quotes Isaiah 28:16/Isaiah 8:14, a different but related “stone of stumbling” text) — see Part C, Rule 9, for the required दगड/खडक vocabulary consistency. |
| Mark 12:19 | Deuteronomy 25:5 | DQ | Resurrection debate (Sadducees) | — | Medium. |
| Mark 12:26 | Exodus 3:6 | DQ | Resurrection; God of the living | Abraham, Isaac, Jacob | High. Connects directly to baseline [BASELINE REUSE] पुनरुत्थान. |
| Mark 12:29-30 | Deuteronomy 6:4-5 (Shema) | DQ | Greatest Commandment | — | High. Foundational monotheistic confession; परमेश्वर consistency (never देव/भगवान alone) is essential here. |
| Mark 12:31 | Leviticus 19:18 | DQ | Love of neighbor | — | Critical — shared quotation. Romans 13:9 quotes this same verse verbatim. See Part C, Rule 1: identical Marathi wording is mandatory in both curricula. |
| Mark 12:36 | Psalm 110:1 | DQ | Lordship of Christ; Davidic Sonship | David | Critical. Central OT argument for deity_of_christ/sonship_of_christ (baseline Critical doctrines); reuses [BASELINE REUSE] प्रभू and दावीद. |
Chapter 13
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 13:10 | (no direct OT citation; direct statement) | — | Mission to the Nations; Universal Scope of Gospel | — | High. “The gospel must first be proclaimed to all nations” is a direct structural parallel to Romans’ mission doctrine (baseline mission = मिशन/सुवार्ता प्रसार); render सुवार्ता प्रसार consistently. |
| Mark 13:14 | Daniel 9:27; 11:31; 12:11 | DQ (named, “the abomination of desolation”) | Eschatology | — | Medium-High. |
| Mark 13:19 | Daniel 12:1 | AL | Eschatology; tribulation | — | Medium. |
| Mark 13:24-25 | Isaiah 13:10; Isaiah 34:4 | DQ (composite) | Cosmic judgment | — | Medium. |
| Mark 13:26 | Daniel 7:13-14 | DQ/AL | Son of Man in glory | Son of Man | Critical. Same title-and-glory pairing as 8:38 and 14:62 — must be rendered identically each time. |
| Mark 13:27 | Deuteronomy 30:4; Zechariah 2:6 | AL | Gathering of the elect | — | High. |
| Mark 13:20, 13:22, 13:27 | (ἐκλεκτός — “the elect”) | Direct term (no single OT citation; draws on OT election theology broadly, e.g. Deuteronomy 7:6-8, Isaiah 45:4) | Election; Kingdom | — | High — flag for glossary update. This is a direct term-match to the baseline’s election doctrine (देवाची निवड). It was not separately logged as its own entry in 07_semantic_analysis.md/08_core_glossary.md and should be added: render निवडलेले जन (“the elect/chosen people”) built on देवाची निवड, with the same guard as the baseline against karma-birth-destiny framing. |
Chapter 14
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 14:18 | Psalm 41:9 | AL | Betrayal | Judas | Medium. |
| Mark 14:24 | Exodus 24:8; Jeremiah 31:31-34; Isaiah 53:12 (echo of “poured out,” “many”) | DQ/TY (composite) | Ransom for Many; New Covenant | — | Critical. Direct verbal echo of 10:45’s πολλῶν (“for many”); see Part C, Rule 2 and Rule 5. Guard against Hindu bali/yajna sacrificial-appeasement framing (per 07_semantic_analysis.md). |
| Mark 14:27 | Zechariah 13:7 | DQ | Necessity of the Cross | — | High. |
| Mark 14:34 | Psalm 42:5,11; Psalm 43:5 | AL | Suffering (Gethsemane) | — | Medium. |
| Mark 14:36 | Isaiah 51:17; Jeremiah 25:15 (cup-of-wrath background) | AL | Necessity of the Cross | — | High. Reuses प्याला entry from 10:38-39; Jesus himself now faces the very cup he asked James and John about. |
| Mark 14:62 | Daniel 7:13; Psalm 110:1 | DQ (composite) | Messianic Secret climax; Deity/Lordship of Christ | — | Critical. The narrative point where the secret is broken open under oath, immediately before condemnation — timing must be preserved (see 10_biblical_theme_map.md). |
Chapter 15
| Mark Passage | OT/NT Citation | Type | Theme | Related Character | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark 15:24 | Psalm 22:18 | DQ (fulfillment) | Suffering Servant; Crucifixion | — | High. |
| Mark 15:29 | Psalm 22:7 | AL | Mockery/Suffering | — | Medium. |
| Mark 15:34 | Psalm 22:1 | DQ (Aramaic preserved: Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani) | Necessity of the Cross; Suffering | — | Critical. Preserve the Aramaic transliteration (pattern parallel to अब्बा/तलिथा कूम/इफ्फाथा), paired with the Marathi Psalm 22:1 gloss matching the established OT wording — see Part C, Rule 8. |
| Mark 15:36 | Psalm 69:21 | AL | Suffering fulfillment | — | Medium. |
| Mark 15:38 | Exodus 26:31-33 (background — the veil separating the Holy of Holies) | AL | Access to God through Christ’s death | — | High. Connects to the purity/boundary-crossing theme running through chs.1, 5, 7 (see Part D). |
Chapter 16
Reviewed in full. No direct OT quotation in Mark 16:1-8. The “third day” resurrection pattern is widely associated in later apostolic preaching with Hosea 6:2 and the “sign of Jonah” (Jonah 1:17; cf. Matthew 12:40), but Mark itself does not cite either text explicitly at this point — do not overclaim a citation Mark does not make. Treat any such connection as background typological awareness for teaching material only, clearly distinguished from the direct-quotation rows above. Textual note on the longer ending (16:9-20) per 07_semantic_analysis.md remains an editorial, not lexical, matter.
PART B — Messianic References Summary
The following are the passage-anchors for Mark’s messianic argument, gathered from the matrix above for quick reference:
| Reference | Messianic Content | Consistency Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Mark 1:1 | Title: “Jesus Christ, Son of God” (book’s opening claim) | मसीहा/ख्रिस्त disambiguation rule (see 08_core_glossary.md) applies from the very first verse. |
| Mark 1:11 | Father’s declaration: royal Son (Ps 2:7) + Servant (Isa 42:1) | Render consistently with 9:7, 15:39. |
| Mark 8:29 | Peter’s confession: “You are the Christ” | Titular मसीहा, not proper-name ख्रिस्त. |
| Mark 9:7 | ”This is my beloved Son; listen to him” | Repeats 1:11 phrasing exactly; adds Deuteronomy 18:15 prophet-typology. |
| Mark 10:47-48 | Bartimaeus: “Son of David, have mercy on me” | दावीदाचा पुत्र, requires 2 Samuel 7 background. |
| Mark 11:9-10 | Triumphal entry acclamation (Ps 118:25-26) | होसान्ना with gloss. |
| Mark 12:35-37 | Jesus’ own riddle: David’s Son and David’s Lord (Ps 110:1) | Both दावीदाचा पुत्र and प्रभू must appear together. |
| Mark 14:61-62 | High priest’s question and Jesus’ open confession (Dan 7:13; Ps 110:1) | Climax of the Messianic Secret; confession precedes condemnation. |
| Mark 15:2,9,12,18,26 | ”King of the Jews” (mockery, five repetitions) | Ironic title, narratively true; keep identical across all five occurrences. |
| Mark 15:39 | Centurion: “Truly this man was the Son of God” | Exact देवाचा पुत्र phrase matching 1:11 and 9:7. |
PART C — Rendering-Consistency Rules for Shared Quotations
These rules are binding for Phase 2 and must be checked at validation (parallel to the baseline’s Validation Rules table).
- Leviticus 19:18 (Mark 12:31; also quoted in Romans 13:9) — the Marathi wording of “love your neighbor as yourself” must be identical in both curricula’s renderings. Lock the wording before Phase 2 begins; do not allow independent retranslation of the same OT verse in two different curricula.
- Isaiah 53 Servant Song family (Mark 10:45, Mark 14:24 vs. Romans 10:16, which quotes Isaiah 53:1) — though different verses are cited, both curricula draw on the same Suffering Servant figure. Use one consistent Marathi vocabulary set across both curricula: सेवक (Servant), दुःख सहन करणे (to suffer), पुष्कळांसाठी/पुष्कळांच्या बदल्यात (for many/in place of many).
- Psalm 110:1 (Mark 12:36; Mark 14:62) — must be rendered identically at both internal occurrences within Mark itself.
- Isaiah 56:7 (Mark 11:17) — “house of prayer for all nations/peoples” must use the same universal-scope vocabulary already fixed for Romans’
universal_scope_of_gospeldoctrine (सर्व लोकांसाठी/सर्व राष्ट्रांसाठी), not a newly invented phrase. - Daniel 7:13-14 (Mark 8:38; 13:26; 14:62) — the “Son of Man coming in glory/power” language must be rendered identically at all three occurrences, using [BASELINE REUSE] गौरव and the fixed मनुष्याचा पुत्र title.
- Genesis 1:27; 2:24 (Mark 10:6-8) — must match the established Marathi OT Genesis wording; do not independently paraphrase the creation account for the Gospel of Mark.
- Exodus 20 / Deuteronomy 5 Decalogue citations (Mark 7:10; Mark 10:19) — must match the established, fixed Marathi Ten Commandments wording used in Marathi Christian catechesis.
- Psalm 22 (Mark 15:24, 15:29, 15:34) — must match the established Marathi Psalter wording for these verses, including the Aramaic Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani preserved untranslated at 15:34, per the same pattern already fixed for अब्बा (14:36), तलिथा कूम (5:41), and इफ्फाथा (7:34).
- Psalm 118:22-23 “stone” imagery (Mark 12:10-11) — thematically parallel to Romans 9:33’s “stone of stumbling” (Isaiah 28:16/Isaiah 8:14, a distinct citation). These are not the same verse and need not use identical wording, but the family of “stone” vocabulary (दगड/खडक/पाषाण) should be used consistently within each curriculum and cross-flagged for reviewers so the thematic connection is not lost.
- Deuteronomy 6:4-5 (Shema) (Mark 12:29-30) — must reinforce [BASELINE REUSE] परमेश्वर (never देव/भगवान alone) at the point of Scripture’s own strongest monotheistic confession.
- “The elect” / election vocabulary (Mark 13:20,22,27) — reuse [BASELINE REUSE] देवाची निवड family; render the substantive “the elect” as निवडलेले जन, consistent with the baseline’s guard against karma-birth-destiny framing (see
doctrine_risk_registry.json,electionandprovidenceentries). - Citation format rule — this analysis document uses normalized English-style citations (
Mark 10:45,Isaiah 53:10-12) for cross-referencing. Final Phase 2 translated output must instead follow the baseline’s Marathi Bible citation convention (book name + Arabic numerals), per12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
PART D — Cross-Cutting Sensitivity Theme: Purity/Impurity Vocabulary
Reconfirmed from 07_semantic_analysis.md: the शुद्ध/अशुद्ध (clean/unclean) vocabulary recurs across Mark 1 (leper), Mark 5 (bleeding woman), Mark 7 (defilement teaching), and Mark 15 (temple veil) as a single, unified theological arc, resonant with — and different from — caste purity/pollution categories still socially live in Maharashtra. This is a CRITICAL cross-cutting sensitivity requiring human theologian review at every occurrence, and the Marathi rendering must remain the same lexical family (शुद्ध/अशुद्ध) across all four passages so the arc is visible to the reader.
PART E — Cross-Reference Table: Mark ↔ Romans Curriculum Parallels
| Doctrine/Term | Romans Baseline Rendering | Key Romans Passage(s) | Key Mark Passage(s) | Rendering Consistency Rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | शुभवर्तमान | Romans 1:1, 1:16 | Mark 1:1, 1:14-15, 13:10, 14:9 | Identical term across both curricula; Mark 1:1 is the book-title use. |
| Faith | विश्वास | Romans 1:17, 3:22-28, 10:9-10 | Mark 2:5, 4:40, 5:34, 10:52, 11:22-24 | Consistently paired with fear (भीती/भय) in Mark; must remain the same word as Romans’ विश्वास. |
| Grace | कृपा | Romans 3:24, 4:4-5, 11:5-6 | Mark 10:27 (“with God all things are possible”) | Mark implies but does not use कृपा lexically; the doctrine of unearned divine enablement must still be taught with the same grace-vs-merit contrast as Romans. |
| Sin | पाप | Romans 1:18-3:20, 3:23 | Mark 1:4-5, 2:5-10, 2:15-17, 14:24 | Same term; guard against caste-karma birth framing per baseline notes, especially at Mark 2:5-10 (Jesus’ claim to forgive sin). |
| Law | नियमशास्त्र | Romans 2-3, 7 | Mark 2:23-28, 7:6-13, 10:4,19, 12:28-31 | Same term throughout; never धर्म/धम्म. |
| Salvation | तारण | Romans 1:16, 10:1,10, 13:11 | Mark 5:34, 8:35, 10:26, 10:52, 13:13 | Same तारण-root required for Mark’s σῴζω double-sense healing/saving verses (5:34; 10:52). |
| Resurrection | पुनरुत्थान | Romans 1:4, 4:25, 6:4-5, 8:11 | Mark 9:9-10, 9:31, 10:34, 12:18-27, 16:6 | Never पुनर्जन्म/पुनर्भव; keep distinct from lesser ἐγείρω resuscitations (Mark 5:41-42). |
| Lord (Lordship of Christ) | प्रभू | Romans 10:9, 10:12, 14:9 | Mark 2:28, 11:3, 12:36-37, 14:62 | Must be kept lexically distinct from the negative “lord it over” (κατακυριεύω) at Mark 10:42 — see 08_core_glossary.md. |
| Son of God | देवाचा पुत्र | Romans 1:4 | Mark 1:1, 1:11, 3:11 (implied), 9:7, 15:39 | Exact phrase required at all Markan declarations; must visibly differ from मनुष्याचा पुत्र (Son of Man). |
| Messiah | मसीहा | Romans 9:5 (implied, ख्रिस्त) | Mark 1:1, 8:29, 9:41, 12:35, 14:61 | Titular confession uses मसीहा; compound proper name uses ख्रिस्त — apply consistently. |
| Holy Spirit | पवित्र आत्मा | Romans 8 (throughout) | Mark 1:8,10,12, 3:29, 13:11 | Never परमात्मा/ब्रह्म; keep visually distinct from अशुद्ध आत्मा. |
| Kingdom of God | देवाचे राज्य | Romans (implied, kingdom_of_god entry) | Mark 1:15, 4:11,26,30, 9:1,47, 10:14-15,23-25, 12:34, 14:25 | Same term; Mark supplies the fullest development of this doctrine in the whole curriculum set. |
| Gentiles / the nations | अन्यजातीय (salvation-history sense only) | Romans 1:5, 3:29, 11:11-24 | Mark 7:24-30 (Syrophoenician woman), 11:17, 13:10, 15:39 | Disambiguate from Mark 10:42’s ἔθνη (“rulers of the nations,” a different sense — रेंडर राष्ट्रांचे अधिकारी there, not अन्यजातीय). |
| Election / the elect | देवाची निवड | Romans 9-11 | Mark 13:20,22,27 | See Part C, Rule 11. |
| Calling | पाचारण/बोलावलेले | Romans 1:1,6-7, 8:28-30 | Mark 1:16-20, 2:14, 3:13-19 | Discipleship-calling in Mark is the narrative enactment of the doctrine Romans states propositionally. |
| Covenant | करार | Romans (implied, davidic_covenant) | Mark 11:10 (implied, Davidic hope), 14:24 | ”Blood of the covenant” (Mark 14:24) directly echoes Exodus 24:8 and Jeremiah 31:31-34; render कराराचे रक्त consistently. |
| David | दावीद | Romans 1:3, seed_of_david | Mark 2:25, 10:47-48, 11:10, 12:35-37 | Same proper name form throughout. |
| Israel | इस्राएल | Romans 9-11 | Mark 12:29 (implied, Shema addressed “O Israel”), 15:32 | Same proper name form throughout. |
| Power of God | देवाचे सामर्थ्य | Romans 1:16 | Mark 5:30, 6:2,5, 9:1, 13:26 | Never शक्ती; Mark’s authority-over-nature miracles are the narrative demonstration of this Romans doctrine. |
| Universal Scope of the Gospel | (baseline universal_scope_of_gospel) | Romans 1:16, 10:12-13 | Mark 11:17 (Isaiah 56:7 “all nations”), 13:10, 15:39 (Gentile centurion) | See Part C, Rule 4; retain unqualified universality without softening. |
| Unity of Jews and Gentiles | (baseline unity_of_jews_and_gentiles) | Romans 3:29-30, 10:12, 11:17-24 | Mark 7:24-30, 15:39 | Mark narrates in story what Romans states doctrinally; keep both consistent in tone (no caste-hierarchy softening). |
| Obedience of Faith | विश्वासाचे आज्ञापालन | Romans 1:5, 16:26 | Mark 1:16-20 (immediate response to the call), 10:28 (Peter: “we have left everything and followed you”) | Discipleship-response in Mark should echo, not contradict, the obedience-flowing-from-faith pattern fixed in Romans. |
PART F — Full-Book Coverage Confirmation
| Chapter | New OT Citations/Allusions Logged | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 (Mal 3:1/Isa 40:3; Ps 2:7/Isa 42:1; Lev 14) | Reviewed |
| 2 | 2 (1 Sam 21; Exod 20/Deut 5 background) | Reviewed |
| 3 | 0 (proverbial reasoning only) | Reviewed — no new citation |
| 4 | 3 (Isa 6:9-10; Joel 3:13; Ps 107:23-30) | Reviewed |
| 5 | 0 direct; Levitical background noted | Reviewed |
| 6 | 2 (Num 27:17/Ezek 34; Exod 16/2 Kgs 4) | Reviewed |
| 7 | 2 (Isa 29:13; Exod 20/Deut 5) | Reviewed |
| 8 | 3 (Jer 5:21/Ezek 12; Isa 53 background; Dan 7:13-14) | Reviewed |
| 9 | 4 (Exod 24/34; Deut 18:15; Mal 4:5-6; Isa 66:24) | Reviewed |
| 10 | 5 (Deut 24; Gen 1:27/2:24; Exod 20/Deut 5; Gen 18:14/Job 42:2; Isa 53:10-12 — core) | Reviewed |
| 11 | 2 (Ps 118:25-26; Isa 56:7/Jer 7:11) | Reviewed |
| 12 | 7 (Isa 5:1-2; Ps 118:22-23; Deut 25:5; Exod 3:6; Deut 6:4-5; Lev 19:18; Ps 110:1) | Reviewed |
| 13 | 6 (Mark 13:10 mission statement; Dan 9/11/12; Isa 13/34; Dan 7:13-14; Deut 30:4/Zech 2:6; ἐκλεκτός family) | Reviewed |
| 14 | 6 (Ps 41:9; Exod 24:8/Jer 31/Isa 53:12; Zech 13:7; Ps 42-43; Isa 51:17/Jer 25:15; Dan 7:13/Ps 110:1) | Reviewed |
| 15 | 5 (Ps 22:18; Ps 22:7; Ps 22:1; Ps 69:21; Exod 26:31-33) | Reviewed |
| 16 | 0 direct citation; Hosea 6:2/Jonah typology noted cautiously as background only | Reviewed |
Every chapter of Mark 1–16 has been reviewed for OT quotation and allusion content. No chapter is silently omitted.