Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy (English → Pashto)
This glossary combines (A) baseline Romans terms carried forward unchanged and reused in 1 Timothy, and (B) new terms introduced by 1 Timothy’s specific vocabulary. All renderings in section B are Step-1 candidates for ratification into translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json in later pipeline steps. No baseline rendering is altered here.
Section A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)
| English Term | Pashto Rendering | Transliteration | Risk (baseline) | 1 Timothy Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | انجیل | Injil | High | 1:11 |
| grace | فضل | fazal | High | 1:2,14; 6:21 |
| faith | ایمان | iman | High | 1:2,4,5,14,19; 2:7,15; 3:9,13; 4:1,6,12; 5:8,12; 6:10,11,12,21 |
| apostle | رسول | rasul | High | 1:1; 2:7 |
| called/calling | بلل شوی / بلنه | balal shaway / balana | High/Medium | 6:12 (calling to eternal life) |
| holy | مقدس | moqaddas | Medium | (implicit background to εὐσέβεια/ἁγνός word-groups) |
| sanctification | تقدیس | taqdis | High | (background to ἁγνός, 5:22) |
| resurrection | بیا راژوندي کیدل | bya rajwandi kedal | Critical | (background to 3:16 hymn) |
| lord | خداوند | Khudawand | Critical | 1:2,12,14; 6:3,14,15 |
| son_of_god | د خدای زوی | da Khudai zoy | Critical | (background to 3:16 Christology) |
| incarnation | تجسد | tajassud | Critical | 3:16 |
| peace | سوله | sola | Medium | 1:2 |
| spiritual_gifts | روحاني ورکړې | rohani warkane | Medium | 4:14 |
| thanksgiving | شکر | shukr | Low | 2:1 |
| fellowship | ملګرتیا | malgartia | Low | (background to household-of-faith teaching) |
| church | کلیسا | kalisa | Critical | 3:5,15 |
| kingdom_of_god | د خدای پاچاهي | da Khudai pachahi | Medium | (background to 6:15 “King of kings”) |
| law | ناموس | namus | Critical | 1:8,9 |
| sin | ګناه | gunah | High | 1:9,15; 5:20,22,24; 6:1 |
| gentiles | غیر یهودیان | gheyr yahudian | Medium | 3:16 |
| glory | جلال | jalal | Medium | 1:11,17; 3:16 |
| power_of_god | د خدای قدرت | da Khudai qodrat | Medium | (background to sōtēr/salvation passages) |
| messiah/christ | مسیح | Masih | Critical | throughout (1:1,2,12,15,16; 2:5; 3:13,16; 4:6; 5:11,21; 6:3,13,14) |
| prophecy | نبوت | nabuwat | Low | 1:18; 4:14 |
| covenant | تړون | tarun | High | (background to household of faith / promise motifs) |
| election | غوره کول | ghwara kawul | High | (background caution for genealogy/lineage passage, 1:4) |
| intercession | منځګړیتوب | manzgaritob | Medium | 2:1 (ἔντευξις) |
| providence | د خدای تدبیر | da Khudai tadbir | Medium | 1:4 (οἰκονομία, related sense) |
| mission | ماموریت | ma’muriyat | High | 3:16 (ἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν) |
| david | داود | Dawud | Medium | (not directly named, but background genealogy caution applies) |
| israel | اسرائیل | Esra’il | High | (not directly named in 1 Timothy) |
| jesus | عیسی | Isa | Critical | throughout (1:1,2,12,14,15,16; 2:5; 3:13; 5:21; 6:3,13,14) |
| god | خدای | Khudai | Critical | throughout |
| holy_spirit | روح القدس | Rooh-ul-Qudus | Critical | 3:16; 4:1 |
| father | پلار | plar | Critical | 1:2 (implicit, “God our Father”) |
| exhort | هڅول | hakol | Low | 4:13; 5:1; 6:2 |
| imputed_righteousness | محسوبه شوی صداقت | mahsuba shway sadaqat | Critical | (background contrast for 2:15 clause) |
Section B — New Terms Introduced by 1 Timothy
| English Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Pashto Rendering | Pashto Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine Category | Chapter(s) | Reason / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| overseer / bishop | ἐπίσκοπος | episkopos | ناظر | nazir | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:1-2 | Collides with South Asian Islamic institutional-supervisor titles (masjid nazir); must be taught as plural, congregational, qualification-tested shepherding, not centralized clerical hierarchy paralleling imam/mullah/maulvi authority |
| office of overseer | ἐπισκοπή | episkopē | د ناظر دنده | da nazir dandah | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:1 | Derivative of ناظر; same collision profile |
| elder (church office) | πρεσβύτερος | presbyteros | مشر | mashar | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14; 5:1,17,19 | Direct overlap with Pashtunwali jirga tribal-elder (mashar/mashran) authority system; must be explicitly distinguished as Spirit-appointed, Scripture-qualified shepherding, not tribal consensus-based or honor-code authority |
| council of elders | πρεσβυτέριον | presbyterion | د مشرانو شورا | da mashrano shura | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14 | Compounds the مشر/jirga risk with شورا (council), doubling tribal-council resonance |
| deacon | διάκονος | diakonos | خدمتګار | khedmatgar | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8,10,12,13 | ”Khedmatgar” ordinarily denotes a low-status domestic servant in Pashtun society; must be taught as an honored, qualification-tested ministry office, not menial labor |
| mediator | μεσίτης | mesitēs | منځګړی | manzgari | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator | 2:5 | Negates both direct Sunni access to Allah without intermediary and the culturally significant Sufi pir/wali intercessor tradition; exclusivity (“one mediator”) must never be softened |
| ransom | ἀντίλυτρον | antilytron | فديه | fidya | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator / Atonement | 2:6 | Fidya is an existing Islamic legal-ritual compensation payment (e.g., for missed fasting); risks flattening substitutionary atonement into formulaic legal compensation; pair with baseline’s nanawatai framing |
| conscience | συνείδησις | syneidēsis | وجدان | wijdan | Medium | Sound Doctrine / Guarding the Deposit | 1:5,19; 3:9; 4:2 | Widely used, generally safe; reinforce God-oriented (not merely socially-oriented) moral faculty |
| mercy | ἔλεος | eleos | رحمت | rahmat | High | Sound Doctrine / Grace | 1:13,16 | Shared Islamic divine-attribute term (Ar-Rahim); must be anchored to Christ’s specific saving mercy toward a named, self-confessed worst-case sinner |
| sound / healthy doctrine | διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα | didaskalia hygiainousa | سالمه تعلیم | salema ta’lim | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:10; 4:6; 6:3 | ”تعلیم” (ta’lim) is heavily associated with Islamic religious instruction; pair with explicit clarification of apostolic gospel content at first use |
| different doctrine | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω | heterodidaskaleō | بېله/غلطه تعلیم ورکول | bela/ghalata ta’lim warkawal | Medium | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:3; 6:3 | Content-based error, not mere institutional/sectarian difference |
| myths | μῦθος | mythos | افسانې | afsane | Low | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:4; 4:7 | Low risk, descriptive |
| genealogies | γενεαλογία | genealogia | شجرې | shajare | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:4 | Sharp collision point: Pashtun identity is built on rigorous tribal genealogy (qawm/khel); must clarify Paul warns against genealogy-based speculation displacing gospel teaching, not against lineage itself |
| godliness | εὐσέβεια | eusebeia | خدای پالنه | Khudai palana | High | Godliness and Contentment | 2:2; 3:16; 4:7,8; 6:3,5,6,11 | Central letter term; chosen over generic “دینداری” (din-dari, religiosity) to avoid conflation with Islamic ritual religious observance; must be tied to gospel content (3:16) at every occurrence |
| mystery of godliness | τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον | to tēs eusebeias mystērion | د خدای پالنې راز | da Khudai palane raz | Critical | Godliness / Christ as the One Mediator | 3:16 | Introduces the Christological hymn; “راز” risks a Sufi-esoteric hidden-knowledge reading — must teach as a mystery formerly hidden, now openly revealed and proclaimed |
| truth (pillar of) | ἀλήθεια | alētheia | حقیقت | haqiqat | High | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | Haqiqah is a major Sufi mystical-stage concept (ultimate truth attained through spiritual progression); biblical truth is propositional, revealed, apostolic, Christ-centered — not an esoteric attainment |
| pillar | στῦλος | stylos | ستن | stan | Medium | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | Clarify: church supports/displays truth, does not generate it |
| foundation / bulwark | ἑδραίωμα | hedraiōma | بنسټ | bansat | Medium | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | Reinforces ستن |
| ascension of Christ | ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ | anelēmphthē en doxē | په جلال کې پورته کړای شو | pa jalal ke porta kray sho | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator (Christology) | 3:16 | Qur’an 4:158 affirms God “raised” (rafa’a) Jesus — but instead of death, denying crucifixion; biblical ascension presupposes real death and resurrection; distinction must be taught explicitly, never assumed shared |
| contentment | αὐτάρκεια | autarkeia | قناعت | qana’at | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 6:6 | Genuine cultural asset (established positive Islamic/Sufi virtue); anchor specifically to gospel-rooted godliness, not generalized ascetic resignation or fatalistic qadar |
| love of money | φιλαργυρία | philargyria | د پیسو مینه | da paiso mina | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 6:10 | Ensure Pashto reflects Paul’s actual claim (“a root of all kinds of evils”), not an absolute universal-single-cause overstatement |
| the good confession | ἡ καλὴ ὁμολογία | hē kalē homologia | ښه اقرار | kha iqrar | High | Christ as the One Mediator / Sound Doctrine | 6:12-13 | Iqrar is an Islamic legal-testimonial term conceptually adjacent to the shahada; must always be anchored explicitly to its specific content (Christ’s Lordship/deity), never left as an interchangeable generic formula |
| the deposit (guard the deposit) | παραθήκη | paratheke | امانت | amanat | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:20 | Amanat is a major Islamic ethical-legal trust concept, historically tied to Muhammad’s title al-Amin (“the trustworthy”) — parallel to the existing رسول/apostle-Muhammad collision already documented in the baseline; teach as guarding revealed apostolic doctrine, actively correcting the title-resonance |
| widow | χήρα | chēra | کونډه | kwanda | Medium | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | 5:3-16 | Contrast with Pashtun customary levirate-style widow remarriage practices; church model is dignity-preserving material support, not forced family remarriage |
| honor / double honor | τιμή / διπλῆ τιμή | timē / diplē timē | عزت / دوه چنده عزت | izzat / dwa chanda izzat | High | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith / Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:3,17 | Izzat is the central term of Pashtunwali honor culture (nang/izzat); Paul’s “honor” here layers genuine respect plus material support — must not collapse into tribal reputation/shame-avoidance logic alone |
| laying on of hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | epithesis tōn cheirōn | لاس ایښودل | las eshodal | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14; 5:22 | Resonance with Sufi tariqa initiation/bay’ah hand-clasp rites; teach as symbolic commissioning/prayer with no independent transferential power |
| Savior | σωτήρ | sōtēr | نجات ورکوونکی | nejat warkawunkay | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator / Salvation | 1:1; 2:3; 4:10 | Built on baseline salvation (نجات); applying “Savior” as a divine title to God (and, by NT-wide pattern, to Christ) states the deity/saving-agency claim Islamic soteriology structurally denies |
| demons / evil spirits | δαιμόνιον | daimonion | بد روحان | bad ruhan | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 4:1 | Deliberately avoids the specific word “جن” (jinn) to prevent collapsing NT demonology into the extensive, differently-structured folk-Islamic jinn/possession framework |
| blasphemer | βλάσφημος | blasphēmos | خدای ته سپکاوی کوونکی | Khudai ta sapkawi kawunkay | High | Sound Doctrine / Grace | 1:13 | Deliberately avoids the کفر (kufr, disbelief/apostasy) root, which would import a loaded and legally dangerous Islamic category; rendered descriptively instead |
| authority (rulers/kings) | ἐξουσία / βασιλεῖς | exousia / basileis | واکمن | wakman | Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | 2:2 | Echoes Romans 13 authority theme; sensitive given hostile-government realities in parts of the Pashto-speaking world |
| submission / quietness | ὑποταγή / ἡσυχία | hypotagē / hēsychia | غاړه ایښودنه | ghara eshodana | High | Public Worship and Prayer / Qualifications for Church Leadership | 2:11-12; 3:4 | Historically contested passage; must be taught on its stated redemptive-historical rationale, not conflated with pre-existing tribal-patriarchal restrictions on women’s public roles |
| hospitable | φιλόξενος | philoxenos | مېلمه پالنه کوونکی | melma palana kawunkay | Medium (asset) | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | Direct overlap with Pashtunwali melmastia hospitality code; genuine positive bridge, but connect to baseline’s grace/one-directional-gift teaching so it is not read as honor-debt-creating |
| husband of one wife | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ | mias gynaikos anēr | یوې مېرې مېړه | yawe mere merh | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2,12 | Directly confronts legally-permitted regional polygamy (up to four wives under shari’a); not an already-assumed monogamy-default norm here — requires explicit teaching |
| household of God | οἶκος θεοῦ | oikos theou | د خدای کورنۍ | da Khudai kornai | High | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | 3:15 | Kor/kornai carries strong tribal-household connotations; can bridge church-as-family teaching but must not import absolute patriarchal tribal household authority onto church polity |
| mystery of the faith | τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως | to mystērion tēs pisteōs | د ایمان راز | da iman raz | High | Sound Doctrine / Guarding the Deposit | 3:9 | Same Sufi-esoteric-knowledge risk as “mystery of godliness”; teach as revealed, not hidden, truth |
| new convert | νεόφυτος | neophytos | نوی ایماندار | nwe imandar | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | Spiritual immaturity by tenure, not a judgment on sincerity |
| good testimony (from outsiders) | μαρτυρία καλή | martyria kalē | ښه شاهدي | kha shahedi | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:7 | شاهدي shares root ش-ه-د with shahada; clarify as reputational testimony from outside observers, not a creedal confession |
| slaves / masters | δοῦλος / δεσπότης | doulos / despotēs | غلامان / باداران | gholaman / badaran | Medium-High | Household of Faith / Social Order | 6:1-2 | Pastoral instruction within a historical institution, not endorsement; distinguish from contemporary bonded-labor practices |
| pure (keep yourself pure) | ἁγνός | hagnos | (avoid bare پاک) | — | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:22 | Same ritual-purity (wudu-style) misreading risk the baseline already rejected for sanctification (رد شوی: پاکوالی); use a fuller phrase (e.g., “له ګناه څخه ځان لرې وساته”) rather than a bare پاک |
| wine (pastoral use) | οἶνος | oinos | شراب | sharab | High (pastoral) | Godliness and Contentment / Qualifications | 3:3,8; 5:23 | Total-abstinence expectation and severe legal/social risk around alcohol in much of the Pashto-speaking world; requires careful pastoral framing, not plain literal instruction |
| falsely-named knowledge | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις | pseudōnymos gnōsis | د غلط نامې پوهه | da ghalat name pohe | Low-Medium | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 6:20 | Mild resonance with Sufi marifah (mystical-knowledge stage) language; lower risk than other Sufi-collision terms |
| boldness / confidence | παρρησία | parrēsia | بې خوفه ډاډ | be-khofa dad | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | Connects to baseline assurance_of_salvation (High); must retain Christ-rooted theological force, not reduce to social confidence |
| standing / rank | βαθμός | bathmos | درجه | daraja | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | God/church-conferred honor for faithful service, not self-asserted status; connects to عزت discussion |
| love (general) | ἀγάπη | agapē | مینه | mina | Medium | Sound Doctrine / Godliness | 1:5,14 | Native word, low direct collision; anchor to Christ, not generic sentiment |
| snare / trap | παγίς | pagis | دام | dam | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:7 | Descriptive, low risk |
| public reading (of Scripture) | ἀνάγνωσις | anagnōsis | عامه لوستل | aama lostal | Medium | Sound Doctrine / Inspiration of Scripture | 4:13 | Cultural continuity with sacred-text-reading practice; content (apostolic Scripture, not Qur’an) must be unmistakably clear |
| example / pattern | τύπος | typos | بېلګه/نمونه | belga/namuna | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:12 | Descriptive, low risk |
Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Every High/Critical term above must route to Human theologian review per baseline
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonconventions; Medium terms route to Native speaker review; Low terms are eligible for Automated review. - Three genuinely new doctrines are introduced by 1 Timothy beyond the Romans baseline’s coverage and should be added to the doctrine risk registry in Step 2:
- Christ as the One Mediator (μεσίτης, ἀντίλυτρον) — Critical
- Ascension of Christ (ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ, 3:16) — Critical
- Guarding the Deposit of Faith (παραθήκη, 6:20) — High
- Terms marked “avoid bare rendering” (e.g., ἁγνός) require a compound/periphrastic Pashto solution rather than a single lexical match, consistent with the baseline’s precedent for
imputed_righteousnessandincarnation. - All terms in Section A must never deviate from the baseline
translation_memory.jsonrendering, regardless of 1 Timothy-specific contextual nuance.
Critical Risk Terms
Salvation
Approved rendering: نجات
Transliteration: nejat
Doctrine: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Root of the new 1 Timothy title-term ‘Savior’ (نجات ورکوونکی, 1:1; 2:3; 4:10). Retains the nanawatai substitutionary-submission bridge established in the Romans doctrine registry.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: بیا راژوندي کیدل
Transliteration: bya rajwandi kedal
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις (background, via 3:16 vindication)
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Background to 3:16’s ‘vindicated in the Spirit’ and the reality the ascension (3:16) presupposes; must be taught alongside the ascension so the two are not conflated.
Lord
Approved rendering: خداوند
Transliteration: Khudawand
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: مالک
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:2,12,14; 6:3,14,15; also embedded in the new compound title ‘King of kings and Lord of lords’ (6:15).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: د خدای زوی
Transliteration: da Khudai zoy
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ (background)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Background Christology to the 3:16 hymn (‘God was manifested in the flesh’).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: تجسد
Transliteration: tajassud
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: θεὸς ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Restated at 1 Timothy 3:16 as an early creedal/hymnic confession (‘God was manifested in the flesh’); this occurrence carries the least settled local Pashto Christian precedent of any in this pipeline.
Church
Approved rendering: کلیسا
Transliteration: kalisa
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: امت
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ / ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 3:5,15 (‘the church of the living God’); امت remains permanently forbidden. Feeds directly into the new church_as_pillar_of_truth entry below.
Law
Approved rendering: ناموس
Transliteration: namus
Doctrine: Proper Use of the Law
Rejected alternatives: شریعت
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:8-9; 1 Timothy additionally requires teaching the law’s diagnostic, sin-exposing (not self-justifying) proper use, distinguished from both shari’a and Pashtunwali. شریعت remains permanently forbidden.
Messiah
Approved rendering: مسیح
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 1 Timothy (1:1,2,12,15,16; 2:5; 3:13,16; 4:6; 5:11,21; 6:3,13,14).
Jesus
Approved rendering: عیسی
Transliteration: Isa
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 1 Timothy (1:1,2,12,14,15,16; 2:5; 3:13; 5:21; 6:3,13,14).
God
Approved rendering: خدای
Transliteration: Khudai
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: الله
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Note especially the new title formulations ‘God our Savior’ (1:1; 2:3) and ‘the living God’ (3:15; 4:10) built on this root.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: روح القدس
Transliteration: Rooh-ul-Qudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 3:16 (‘vindicated in the Spirit’); 4:1 (‘the Spirit says’).
Father
Approved rendering: پلار
Transliteration: plar
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ (implicit)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in 1:2’s greeting formula (‘God our Father’).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: محسوبه شوی صداقت
Transliteration: mahsuba shway sadaqat
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: لاسته راوړی صداقت
Original: ἐλογίσθη… εἰς δικαιοσύνην (background)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Serves as the mandatory doctrinal check-standard against which any rendering of 2:15’s ‘saved through childbearing’ clause must be verified before approval; لاسته راوړی صداقت remains permanently forbidden.
Mediator
Approved rendering: منځګړی
Transliteration: manzgari
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
New term (2:5). Negates both mainstream Sunni direct-access-to-Allah theology and the regionally significant Sufi pir/wali intercessor and shrine-veneration tradition. The exclusivity (‘one mediator,’ یو منځګړی) must be carried syntactically at every occurrence and never softened to ‘a helper among others.’ Highest-priority term in this letter for theologian review.
Ransom
Approved rendering: فديه
Transliteration: fidya
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἀντίλυτρον
Category: Salvation
New term (2:6). فدیه is an existing Islamic legal-ritual compensation term (e.g., for a missed fast); risks flattening substitutionary atonement into formulaic legal payment. Must never appear unaccompanied — pair every occurrence with the baseline’s nanawatai (ritual submission ending a blood feud) framing.
Mystery Of Godliness
Approved rendering: د خدای پالنې راز
Transliteration: da Khudai palane raz
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness (Incarnation Hymn)
Original: τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον
Category: Christology
New term (3:16). راز risks a Sufi esoteric-mystical-knowledge reading (an inner secret revealed only to initiates); must be taught as the opposite — a mystery formerly hidden, now openly revealed and publicly proclaimed. Requires the ‘hidden-then-revealed’ gloss at EVERY occurrence, not only first use.
Church As Pillar Of Truth
Approved rendering: کلیسا د حقیقت ستن او بنسټ ده
Transliteration: kalisa da haqiqat stan aw bansat da
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Church
New fixed compound clause (3:15). Compounds both the حقیقت (Sufi haqiqah-stage) and truth-source risks in the letter’s ecclesiological center verse; treat as a fixed, ratified unit — do not vary wording once approved.
Ascension Of Christ
Approved rendering: په جلال کې پورته کړای شو
Transliteration: pa jalal ke porta kray sho
Doctrine: Ascension of Christ
Original: ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Christology
New doctrine and term for this curriculum (3:16). Qur’an 4:158 affirms God ‘raised’ (rafa’a) Jesus INSTEAD OF allowing his death, denying the crucifixion outright. The biblical ascension presupposes real death and bodily resurrection and is Christ’s exalting return to the Father after those events — this distinction must be taught explicitly at every occurrence, never assumed as shared ground.
Savior
Approved rendering: نجات ورکوونکی
Transliteration: nejat warkawunkay
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
New title-term built on the baseline’s Critical نجات root (1:1; 2:3; 4:10). Applying ‘Savior’ as a divine title states the deity/saving-agency claim that Islamic soteriology’s self-effort/deeds-weighing framework structurally denies. 4:10’s ‘especially of believers’ clarifies application, never limits the universal scope of the saving offer.
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: د پاچاهانو پاچا او د خداوندانو خداوند
Transliteration: da pachahano pacha aw da khudawandano khudawand
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
New compound title (6:15). Builds on the baseline’s Critical خداوند (lord) entry and the baseline’s پاچاهي (kingdom) root; this supreme, singular sovereignty over all other rulers/lords must never be softened to ‘greatest among rulers’ or first-among-equals honor — preserve the doubled superlative structure intact.
Saved Through Childbearing
Approved rendering: [BLOCKED — pending theologian ratification; do not process with a default literal rendering]
Transliteration: sōthēsetai dia tēs teknogonias
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας
Category: Salvation
1 Timothy 2:15. A notoriously difficult clause; likely refers to preservation/vindication through faithful domestic life, not childbirth as a means of salvation. Any rendering MUST be checked against the imputed_righteousness entry to ensure it cannot be read as salvation-by-works. This entry is a BLOCKING flag, not a default-and-flag item — do not translate this clause in Phase 2 until a specific Pashto rendering has been reviewed and approved by a human theologian and this entry updated.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: انجیل
Transliteration: Injil
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: زیری
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1 Timothy 1:11 (‘the gospel of the glory of the blessed God’), modified by glory/blessed-God language reinforcing divine authorship against the tahrif assumption; also background to 3:16’s ‘proclaimed among the nations.‘
Grace
Approved rendering: فضل
Transliteration: fazal
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:2,14; 6:21. 1:14’s ‘grace overflowed’ toward Paul, ‘the foremost of sinners,’ must be taught as a one-directional gift creating no repayment obligation, against melmastia’s reciprocity logic.
Faith
Approved rendering: ایمان
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Pervasive throughout 1 Timothy (1:2,4,5,14,19; 2:7,15; 3:9,13; 4:1,6,12; 5:8,12; 6:10-12,21). Context-sensitive: often denotes the body of apostolic doctrine (‘the faith,’ e.g. 4:1, 6:21) rather than only personal trust; both senses distinct from Islamic creedal iman and Pashtunwali nang-loyalty.
Apostle
Approved rendering: رسول
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:1 (‘by the command of God’), 2:7. Same collision with Muhammad’s defining rasul title as in the baseline; 1 Timothy also independently reproduces this collision via امانت/al-Amin (see guarding_the_deposit below) — flag both together for review.
Called
Approved rendering: بلل شوی
Transliteration: balal shaway
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Background to 6:12’s ‘the eternal life to which you were called.‘
Sanctification
Approved rendering: تقدیس
Transliteration: taqdis
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: پاکوالی
Original: ἁγιασμός (background)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Background standard informing the ἁγνός (‘keep yourself pure,’ 5:22) treatment; پاکوالی remains forbidden for the identical ritual-purity misreading risk.
Sin
Approved rendering: ګناه
Transliteration: gunah
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:9,15; 5:20,22,24; 6:1. Paul’s self-description as ‘foremost of sinners’ (1:15) models honest guilt-before-God confession against an honor-shame-primary cultural default.
Covenant
Approved rendering: تړون
Transliteration: tarun
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη (background)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the household-of-faith and promise motifs of this letter.
Election
Approved rendering: غوره کول
Transliteration: ghwara kawul
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή (background)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Background caution for 1:4’s genealogy warning — election/chosenness must not be read as tribal-lineage-based.
Mission
Approved rendering: ماموریت
Transliteration: ma’muriyat
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 3:16, ‘proclaimed among the nations.’ Same severe legal/social risk for evangelism in Taliban-controlled areas applies.
Israel
Approved rendering: اسرائیل
Transliteration: Esra’il
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ (background)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly named in 1 Timothy; carried forward for cross-curriculum consistency.
Overseer
Approved rendering: ناظر
Transliteration: nazir
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Leadership
New term. Collides with South Asian Islamic institutional-supervisor titles (masjid nazir); teach as plural, congregational, Scripture-qualification-tested shepherding (3:1-7), never a centralized clerical hierarchy paralleling imam/mullah/maulvi authority. Always use with plural markers where the office is described generally.
Office Of Overseer
Approved rendering: د ناظر دنده
Transliteration: da nazir dandah
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπισκοπή
Category: Leadership
New term (3:1). Derivative of ناظر; shares the identical clerical-hierarchy collision profile and requires the same corrective framing.
Elder
Approved rendering: مشر
Transliteration: mashar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Leadership
New term (4:14; 5:1,17,19). Directly overlaps Pashtunwali’s jirga system of tribal mashran, who govern by customary consensus and honor-code authority. Every leadership-context occurrence must state the office is Spirit-appointed and Scripture-qualified (3:1-7 test), not tribal-consensus or honor-code-enforced. Single most culturally loaded ecclesial-office term in this letter.
Council Of Elders
Approved rendering: د مشرانو شورا
Transliteration: da mashrano shura
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβυτέριον
Category: Leadership
New term (4:14). شورا independently evokes tribal/village council structures, including recent Afghan administrative-council usage; use only compounded with the gospel-accountability qualifier, never standalone.
Deacon
Approved rendering: خدمتګار
Transliteration: khedmatgar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάκονος
Category: Leadership
New term (3:8,10,12,13). Ordinarily denotes a low-status domestic servant in Pashtun society; must be taught as an honored, qualification-tested ministry office carrying its own advancing ‘good standing’ (3:13), not menial labor.
Mercy
Approved rendering: رحمت
Transliteration: rahmat
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
New term (1:13,16). رحمت is also a major generic Islamic divine attribute (Ar-Rahim); must be anchored specifically to Christ’s saving mercy toward Paul, a named, self-confessed worst-case sinner, as a pattern for all future believers — not left as an abstract cosmic quality.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: سالمه تعلیم
Transliteration: salema ta’lim
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα / ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (1:10; 4:6; 6:3). تعلیم is heavily associated with Islamic religious/madrasa instruction; must be paired at first use in every document with explicit clarification that the content is the apostolic gospel deposit, not Qur’anic or hadith-based instruction.
Genealogies
Approved rendering: پرله پسې شجرې
Transliteration: parla pase shajare
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: γενεαλογία ἀπέραντος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (1:4). Sharp collision point: Pashtun identity is organized around rigorous tribal genealogy (qawm/khel lineage). Teach that Paul warns against speculative, gospel-displacing use of genealogy, never against lineage-keeping itself.
Godliness
Approved rendering: خدای پالنه
Transliteration: Khudai palana
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: دینداری
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
New term (2:2; 3:16; 4:7,8; 6:3,5,6,11). Chosen over دینداری (din-dari, generic religiosity) specifically to avoid conflation with Islamic ritual observance. Must be tied explicitly to the gospel content of 3:16 at every occurrence, never left as a free-standing ethical ideal.
Truth
Approved rendering: حقیقت
Transliteration: haqiqat
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Church
New term (3:15). Haqiqat is also a major Sufi mystical-stage concept (ultimate truth attained through spiritual progression under a pir); biblical truth is propositional, revealed, apostolic, and Christ-centered — anchor firmly to the once-hidden-now-revealed content of 3:16 every time.
The Good Confession
Approved rendering: ښه اقرار
Transliteration: kha iqrar
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἡ καλὴ ὁμολογία
Category: Christology
New term (6:12-13). اقرار is an established Islamic legal/testimonial term conceptually adjacent to the shahada confession formula. Must always state the confession’s specific content — Christ’s Lordship/deity — explicitly in the same clause, never left as a generic, shahada-interchangeable formula.
Guarding The Deposit
Approved rendering: امانت
Transliteration: amanat
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (6:20; cf. 4:6). امانت is a major Islamic ethical-legal trust concept, historically and famously tied to Muhammad’s honorific title al-Amin (‘the trustworthy one’) — a direct parallel to the already-documented رسول/Muhammad collision. Must be taught explicitly as guarding revealed apostolic doctrine (not a literal property/financial trust); flag together with رسول for linked review.
Honor
Approved rendering: عزت / دوه چنده عزت
Transliteration: izzat / dwa chanda izzat
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: τιμή / διπλῆ τιμή
Category: Leadership
New term (5:3,17). عزت is THE central term of Pashtunwali’s honor code (nang/izzat). Paul’s usage layers genuine respect PLUS material/financial compensation (‘the laborer deserves his wages,’ 5:18); must not collapse into, or be limited to, the tribal honor-code’s reputation/shame-avoidance logic.
Demons
Approved rendering: بد روحان
Transliteration: bad ruhan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: جن
Original: δαιμόνιον / πνεύματα πλάνα
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (4:1). Deliberately avoids جن (jinn) to prevent collapsing this narrower NT category (agents of doctrinal deception, defeated in Christ) into the extensive, differently-structured folk-Islamic jinn-possession/amulet/exorcism framework. جن is permanently forbidden for this term.
Blasphemer
Approved rendering: خدای ته سپکاوی کوونکی
Transliteration: Khudai ta sapkawi kawunkay
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: کفر, مرتد
Original: βλάσφημος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (1:13). Deliberately avoids the کفر (kufr, disbelief/apostasy) root and مرتد (murtad, apostate), which would import a loaded and legally dangerous Islamic category with severe social-legal consequences; rendered descriptively instead. کفر and مرتد are permanently forbidden for this term.
Submission Quietness
Approved rendering: غاړه ایښودنه
Transliteration: ghara eshodana
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ὑποταγή / ἡσυχία
Category: Worship
New term (2:11-12; also 3:4). Historically contested passage; teach strictly on its stated redemptive-historical rationale (creation order, 2:13-14), never conflated with, or used to reinforce, pre-existing tribal-patriarchal or purdah-based restrictions on women assumed for other reasons.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: یوې مېرې مېړه
Transliteration: yawe mere merh
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ
Category: Leadership
New term (3:2,12). Directly confronts regionally legally-permitted polygamy (up to four wives under shari’a); not an already-assumed monogamy-default norm here. Teach explicitly as a stated, disqualifying qualification requirement, not merely discouraged conduct.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: د خدای کورنۍ
Transliteration: da Khudai kornai
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: οἶκος θεοῦ
Category: Household
New term (3:4-5,15). کور/کورنۍ carries strong Pashtun patriarchal tribal-household connotations of near-absolute paternal authority; can bridge the church-as-family teaching but must not import that absolute, unilateral authority model onto church oversight, which is plural and Scripture-accountable.
Mystery Of The Faith
Approved rendering: د ایمان راز
Transliteration: da iman raz
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως
Category: Leadership
New term (3:9). Same Sufi esoteric-knowledge risk as mystery_of_godliness; teach as revealed, proclaimed truth, using identical fencing language.
Pure Keep Pure
Approved rendering: له ګناه څخه ځان لرې ساتل
Transliteration: la gunah tsakha zaan lare satal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: پاک (bare rendering)
Original: ἁγνός
Category: Sanctification
New term (5:22). A bare پاک risks the identical wudu-style ritual-purity misreading already rejected by the baseline for sanctification (پاکوالی). Use only the full periphrastic phrase; bare پاک is forbidden here.
Wine Pastoral
Approved rendering: شراب
Transliteration: sharab
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: οἶνος
Category: Household
New term (3:3,8; 5:23). Total abstinence from alcohol is both a strong religious expectation and, in Taliban-controlled areas, sometimes a matter of severe legal/corporal enforcement. Requires careful pastoral framing (medicinal moderation, not license) rather than plain literal instruction that could endanger readers.
Public Worship Prayer
Approved rendering: دعا، لالتونه، منځګړیتوب، شکر
Transliteration: du’a, lalatuna, manzgaritob, shukr
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: δεήσεις, προσευχαί, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίαι
Category: Worship
New fourfold term (2:1). دعا is standard shared Islamic prayer vocabulary and usable, but the specific content commanded — prayer for governing authorities of any religion, offered exclusively through the one Mediator (2:5) — must be taught as distinct from ritual-formula du’a.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: شیطان
Transliteration: shaytan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διάβολος / Σατανᾶς
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term for this curriculum (3:6-7; 1:20). A shared Qur’anic term, usable, but the NT’s personal, defeated-yet-active adversary who exploits pride (3:6) and to whom the unrepentant may be disciplinarily ‘handed over’ (1:20) must be taught distinctly from folk-Islamic jinn/spirit categories, not merged uncritically with them.
Medium Risk Terms
Calling
Approved rendering: بلنه
Transliteration: balana
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 6:12: a sovereign summons from God, not human-initiated seeking or impersonal fate.
Holy
Approved rendering: مقدس
Transliteration: moqaddas
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος (background)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit background to the εὐσέβεια (godliness) and ἁγνός (pure) word-groups throughout 1 Timothy.
Peace
Approved rendering: سوله
Transliteration: sola
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 1:2 greeting formula (‘Grace, mercy, and peace’).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: روحاني ورکړې
Transliteration: rohani warkane
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 4:14: Timothy’s particular Spirit-given ministry enablement, received via prophecy and the elders’ laying on of hands; retain the ‘spiritual’ qualifier so it is not read as ordinary talent.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: د خدای پاچاهي
Transliteration: da Khudai pachahi
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Background root for 6:15’s ‘King of kings’ title.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: غیر یهودیان
Transliteration: gheyr yahudian
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: امتونه
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 3:16, ‘proclaimed among the nations/Gentiles.’ امتونه remains forbidden.
Glory
Approved rendering: جلال
Transliteration: jalal
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:11,17; 3:16 (‘taken up in glory’). Directly feeds the new ascension_of_christ entry below.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: د خدای قدرت
Transliteration: da Khudai qodrat
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the sōtēr/Savior passages (1:1; 2:3; 4:10).
Intercession
Approved rendering: منځګړیتوب
Transliteration: manzgaritob
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2:1 (ἔντευξις, part of the fourfold prayer vocabulary). Note the distinct new Critical term منځګړی (mediator) at 2:5 is related but not identical — do not conflate the two entries.
Providence
Approved rendering: د خدای تدبیر
Transliteration: da Khudai tadbir
Doctrine: Providence
Original: οἰκονομία θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1:4’s οἰκονομία θεοῦ (‘God’s household-arrangement/stewardship in faith’) is a related but distinct sense; keep distinct from folk qadar fatalism.
David
Approved rendering: داود
Transliteration: Dawud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ (background)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly named in 1 Timothy; background caution applies to the 1:4 genealogy passage.
Conscience
Approved rendering: وجدان
Transliteration: wijdan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
New term (1:5,19; 3:9; 4:2). Widely used and generally safe, but reinforce as a God-oriented moral faculty (accountability before God), not merely a socially- or honor-oriented one, since Pashtunwali ethics primarily track social exposure.
Different Doctrine
Approved rendering: بېله/غلطه تعلیم ورکول
Transliteration: bela/ghalata ta’lim warkawal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (1:3; 6:3). Content-based doctrinal error, not mere institutional or sectarian dissent; keep this distinction explicit.
Pillar
Approved rendering: ستن
Transliteration: stan
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος
Category: Church
New term (3:15). Clarify the church supports and displays revealed truth; it does not generate or originate it.
Foundation
Approved rendering: بنسټ
Transliteration: bansat
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἑδραίωμα
Category: Church
New term (3:15). Reinforces ستن; same clarification applies.
Contentment
Approved rendering: قناعت
Transliteration: qana’at
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Sanctification
New term (6:6). A genuine cultural asset — a well-established positive Islamic/Sufi virtue — but must be anchored specifically to gospel-rooted godliness (εὐσέβεια), not generalized ascetic resignation or fatalistic qadar acceptance.
Love Of Money
Approved rendering: د پیسو مینه
Transliteration: da paiso mina
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: φιλαργυρία
Category: Sanctification
New term (6:10). Ensure the Pashto preserves Paul’s bounded claim (‘a root of all kinds of evils’), not an absolute universal single-cause overstatement (‘the root of all evil’).
Widow
Approved rendering: کونډه
Transliteration: kwanda
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα / ὄντως χήρα
Category: Household
New term (5:3-16). Pashtun customary practice sometimes involves levirate-style widow remarriage within the deceased husband’s family; contrast explicitly with the church’s dignity-preserving, material-support model rather than assuming equivalence.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: لاس ایښودل
Transliteration: las eshodal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Leadership
New term (4:14; 5:22). Resonance with Sufi tariqa initiation rites involving a pir’s hand-clasp/bay’ah; teach as a symbolic act of commissioning and prayer with no independent transferential spiritual power.
Authority Rulers
Approved rendering: واکمن
Transliteration: wakman
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἐξουσία / βασιλεῖς
Category: Worship
New term (2:2). Echoes the Romans 13 authority theme; requires acute pastoral sensitivity since ‘those in authority’ prayed for may include actively hostile or persecuting governments in parts of the Pashto-speaking world.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: مېلمه پالنه کوونکی
Transliteration: melma palana kawunkay
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Leadership
New term (3:2). Genuine positive overlap with Pashtunwali’s melmastia hospitality code; connect explicitly to the baseline’s grace-is-one-directional teaching so this qualification is not read through melmastia’s honor-debt/reciprocity logic.
New Convert
Approved rendering: نوی ایماندار
Transliteration: nwe imandar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νεόφυτος
Category: Leadership
New term (3:6). Especially sensitive where whole congregations may be recently converted from Islam; frame strictly as a tenure/maturity caution, never a judgment on sincerity.
Good Testimony
Approved rendering: ښه شاهدي
Transliteration: kha shahedi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μαρτυρία καλή
Category: Leadership
New term (3:7). شاهدي shares the ش-ه-د root with shahada; clarify explicitly as reputational testimony from outside observers, not a creedal confession.
Slaves Masters
Approved rendering: غلامان / باداران
Transliteration: gholaman / badaran
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: δοῦλος / δεσπότης
Category: Household
New term (6:1-2). Frame explicitly as pastoral instruction within a first-century historical social institution, never a timeless endorsement of slavery; distinguish clearly from contemporary bonded/forced-labor practices in the region.
Boldness
Approved rendering: بې خوفه ډاډ
Transliteration: be-khofa dad
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παρρησία
Category: Leadership
New term (3:13). Connects to the baseline’s Critical assurance_of_salvation doctrine; must retain its rooted-in-Christ theological force, not reduce to mere social confidence.
Standing Rank
Approved rendering: ښه درجه
Transliteration: kha daraja
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: βαθμὸς καλός
Category: Leadership
New term (3:13). Connects directly to the عزت (honor) discussion in chapter 5; frame as honor conferred by God and the church for faithful service, never self-seeking status.
Public Reading
Approved rendering: عامه لوستل
Transliteration: aama lostal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἀνάγνωσις
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (4:13). Genuine cultural continuity with sacred-text-reading practice, resonant with but distinct from Qur’anic recitation (tilawat); the content — apostolic Scripture, not the Qur’an — must be unmistakably clear.
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: دا خبره باوري ده
Transliteration: da khabara bawari da
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New formulaic term (1:15; 3:1; 4:9). Paul’s authenticating citation formula; must retain its citation-like, authoritative weight — not a casual aside — every time it appears, since it authenticates the office-list (3:1) and gospel summaries (1:15) as settled apostolic teaching.
Command Of God
Approved rendering: د خدای فرمان
Transliteration: da Khudai farman
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἐπιταγὴ θεοῦ
Category: Church
New term (1:1). Reinforces that Paul’s apostolic authority is God-given, not self-appointed.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: مینه
Transliteration: mina
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
New term (1:5,14). Native word, low direct collision risk, but must be anchored explicitly to Christ, not left as generic sentiment or Pashtunwali honor-based family loyalty.
Church Discipline
Approved rendering: کلیسايي سرغړونې پرېکړه
Transliteration: kalisayi sarghalune prekra
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ / ἁμαρτάνοντας ἔλεγχε ἐνώπιον πάντων
Category: Church
New term (1:19-20; 5:19-21). Engages honor-shame dynamics of public correction directly; must be taught as gospel-motivated, Scripture-accountable restoration, never tribal shaming or jirga-style punitive consensus.
False Asceticism
Approved rendering: واده منع کول، له خوراکونو ډډه کول
Transliteration: wada man’ kawal, la khorakuno dada kawal
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων
Category: Sanctification
New term (4:1-5). Loose resonance with regional Sufi ascetic practice and Islamic dietary law (halal/haram); clarify this critiques a specific early ascetic-Gnostic false doctrine (denying creation’s goodness), not fasting or dietary discipline as legitimate spiritual disciplines.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: شکر
Transliteration: shukr
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2:1, part of the fourfold prayer vocabulary.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: ملګرتیا
Transliteration: malgartia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: شراکت
Original: κοινωνία (background)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the household-of-faith teaching (5:3-16; 6:2).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: نبوت
Transliteration: nabuwat
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:18; 4:14, accompanying the laying on of hands.
Exhort
Approved rendering: هڅول
Transliteration: hakol
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 4:13; 5:1; 6:2; context-sensitive per baseline note (نصیحت کول for beseeching, هڅول for building up).
Myths
Approved rendering: افسانې
Transliteration: afsane
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: μῦθος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (1:4; 4:7). Descriptive, low risk; not a blanket claim about all non-biblical storytelling.
Falsely Named Knowledge
Approved rendering: د غلط نامې پوهه
Transliteration: da ghalat name pohe
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (6:20). Mild resonance with Sufi marifah (mystical-knowledge stage) language; lower risk than other Sufi-collision terms in this letter.
Example Pattern
Approved rendering: بېلګه/نمونه
Transliteration: belga/namuna
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τύπος
Category: Leadership
New term (4:12). Descriptive, low risk.
Snare
Approved rendering: دام
Transliteration: dam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παγίς
Category: Leadership
New term (3:7). Descriptive, low risk.
Referenced passages