Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis: Ephesians (Full Book) — Pashto Destination Language

Method Note

This document catalogs every Old Testament quotation and allusion, every messianic reference, every typological connection, and every substantive parallel to the Romans curriculum (the only other curriculum currently in this language pipeline) found in Ephesians 1–6. Citations are given in normalized “Book Chapter:Verse” form for internal tooling; Phase 2 output must render book names per the baseline’s established Pashto Bible conventions (رومیان = Romans, پیدایښت = Genesis, زبور = Psalms, اشعیا = Isaiah, زکریا = Zechariah, خروج = Exodus, تثنیه = Deuteronomy, دانیال = Daniel, هوشع = Hosea). All Pashto term renderings referenced below are reused exactly from translation_memory.json (baseline) and analysis/08_core_glossary.md (Ephesians additions); this document assigns no new renderings, only cross-reference and consistency guidance.

---

PART 1 — CHAPTER-BY-CHAPTER CROSS-REFERENCE MATRIX

Chapter 1 (Ephesians 1:1–23)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 1:1	Apostolic authority, greeting formula	Paul	Structural parallel to Romans 1:1 (Paul’s standard self-introduction as رسول “by the will of God”)	Reuse رسول exactly (High, per baseline); consistent greeting register across both letters
Ephesians 1:3	Blessing formula	God the Father	Echoes OT berakah pattern: Genesis 14:19-20 (Melchizedek blesses Abram), Psalm 103:1-2	برکت (barakat, Medium) must be anchored to the specific Christ-centered spiritual blessings enumerated in 1:3-14, not folk-barakat
Ephesians 1:4	Election before creation	Believers (“us”)	Parallels Romans 8:29-30, 9:11-13 (election); background: Deuteronomy 7:6-8 (God’s unmerited choice of Israel)	غوره کول reused (High); must distinguish from tribal-lineage chosenness per baseline note
Ephesians 1:5	Predestination unto adoption	Believers	Direct doctrinal parallel to Romans 8:15, 8:23 (adoption); typological background: Exodus 4:22 (Israel as God’s firstborn son, corporate adoption)	زوی نیول (Critical, reused exactly); مخکې ټاکل شوی (predestined, Critical, new) — qadar collision risk
Ephesians 1:7	Redemption through Christ’s blood	Christ	Typological background: Exodus 12 (Passover lamb’s blood), Leviticus 17:11 (blood makes atonement); parallels Romans 3:24-25	خلاصون (High, new); د مسیح وینه — invoke the baseline’s nanawatai atonement bridge (per Romans 3:24-25 notes)
Ephesians 1:9-10	Mystery / summing up all things in Christ	Christ	Anticipates Ephesians 3:1-13’s fuller “mystery” treatment; eschatological background: Isaiah 2:2-4 (all nations gathered), Genesis 1:1 (creation to be summed up)	راز (High) — flag for theologian review per Sufi-raz collision noted in Section 4 below
Ephesians 1:13-14	Sealing by the Spirit, guarantee of inheritance	Holy Spirit	Typological parallel: Genesis 17:10-14 (covenant sign); direct doctrinal parallel to Romans 8:16-17 (Spirit as witness, heirs)	مهر کول (Medium); میراث/ضمانت (High) — disentangle from qawm/khel bloodline inheritance
Ephesians 1:17	Spirit of wisdom and revelation	Holy Spirit	Allusion: Isaiah 11:2 (“the Spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him… the Spirit of wisdom”) — originally messianic, now given to believers	Low; حکمت shared Islamic term, minimal independent risk
Ephesians 1:20	Christ’s resurrection and enthronement	Christ	Direct allusion: Psalm 110:1 (“Sit at my right hand”), a leading OT messianic-enthronement text	Critical — بیا راژوندي کیدل reused; Psalm 110:1’s enthronement claim collides directly with the Quran’s denial of Christ’s crucifixion/exaltation
Ephesians 1:22	Christ’s supremacy over all things	Christ	Direct quotation: Psalm 8:6 (“he put all things under his feet”) — originally about humanity’s dominion, here reapplied messianically to Christ	High — typological escalation from humanity-in-general to Christ specifically; must not be read as merely repeating Psalm 8’s original human-dominion sense
Ephesians 1:21-23	Christ’s headship over spiritual powers; church as his body/fullness	Christ, church	No direct OT quotation; introduces the powers-vocabulary developed in Ephesians 6:12; NT parallel: Romans 12:4-5 (body members)	د مسیح بدن, بشپړتیا (High) — new terms; واکمنۍ او ځواکونه (High) first occurrence

Chapter 1 coverage note: Reviewed in full; all load-bearing OT/typological/Romans connections identified above.

---

Chapter 2 (Ephesians 2:1–22)

(Verses 2:1-10 are the curriculum’s core passage; see analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md Part 1 for full verse-by-verse semantic treatment. Cross-reference data below covers the whole chapter.)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 2:1-3	Universal spiritual death in sin	Humanity (“we all”)	Direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 3:23, 5:12, 6:23; typological background: Genesis 2:17, 3:19 (death as sin’s consequence)	مړه, تېروتنه, ګناه, نفس, غضب — High/Critical cluster, see 07_semantic_analysis.md
Ephesians 2:4-7	God’s mercy; raised and seated with Christ	God the Father, Christ	Direct parallel: Romans 5:8 (God’s love demonstrated), Romans 6:4-5 (union with Christ’s resurrection)	رحم (Low-Medium); د مسیح سره یوځای بیا راژوندي کول, سره کیناستل — Critical/High
Ephesians 2:8-9	Salvation by grace through faith, not works	—	Direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 3:24-28, Romans 4:1-8 (which itself quotes Genesis 15:6, “Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness”), Romans 11:6	CRITICAL cross-document anchor — see Part 4 consistency rules below. فضل, ایمان, نجات (reused exactly); کارونه (Critical, new, “not from works” must be unqualified)
Ephesians 2:10	Good works as prepared fruit; “walk” motif introduced	Believers	Direct phrase-level parallel: Romans 6:4 (“walk in newness of life,” καινότητι ζωῆς περιπατήσωμεν) — same περιπατέω root	ښه کارونه (Critical); چلند کول — flag for identical rendering at every “walk” occurrence per 07_semantic_analysis.md
Ephesians 2:11-13	Gentiles formerly excluded, now included	Gentiles, Israel	Direct parallel: Romans 9-11 (esp. Romans 11:17-24, olive tree); typological background: Genesis 17:10-14 (circumcision covenant sign)	سنت (Medium); د اسرائیل ټولنه (High)
Ephesians 2:13, 2:17	Peace to those far and near	Christ	Direct quotation/allusion: Isaiah 57:19 (“Peace, peace, to the far and to the near”)	سوله reused (Medium) — connect explicitly to the cross, not a general proverb
Ephesians 2:14-16	One new humanity; dividing wall broken down	Christ, Jew and Gentile	Echoes messianic peace hope of Isaiah 9:6-7; direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 3:29-30, Romans 10:12 (“no distinction”)	نوی انسان (High); د بېلتون دیوال (Medium)
Ephesians 2:19-22	Household and temple of God; cornerstone	Apostles, prophets (foundation); Christ (cornerstone)	Direct allusion: Isaiah 28:16 and Psalm 118:22 (cornerstone/foundation stone) — the same Isaiah 28:16 text is quoted directly in Romans 9:33 (“a stone of stumbling”)	CRITICAL cross-document link — see Part 4 below. د کونج ډبره (Medium), معبد (High), د خدای کورنۍ (High)

Chapter 2 coverage note: Reviewed in full, including the core passage (2:1-10) and the remainder of the chapter (2:11-22).

---

Chapter 3 (Ephesians 3:1–21)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 3:1-6	Gentiles as fellow heirs of the promise	Paul, Gentiles	Direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 11 (Gentile grafting); typological background: Genesis 12:3 (blessing to all nations through Abraham)	میراث (High); راز (High, see Part 4)
Ephesians 3:8-9	Mystery hidden in God the Creator, now revealed	Paul, God	Direct Pauline self-parallel: Romans 16:25-27 (“according to the revelation of the mystery which was kept secret for long ages but has now been disclosed”) — near-identical μυστήριον vocabulary and structure; creation background: Genesis 1:1	راз (High) — this is the single strongest intra-Pauline parallel in the whole book; render consistently with Romans 16:25 if/when that verse is translated in this pipeline
Ephesians 3:10	Church displays God’s wisdom to the powers	Church, spiritual powers	Anticipates Ephesians 6:12; no direct OT quotation	روحاني واکمنۍ او ځواکونه (High)
Ephesians 3:12	Bold access to God	Believers	Conceptual parallel: Romans 5:2 (“access into this grace”) — same προσαγωγή root as Ephesians 2:18	لاسرسی (High)
Ephesians 3:14-15	Fatherhood of God, source of all family	God the Father	Allusion: Psalm 68:5 (“Father of the fatherless”), Isaiah 63:16 (“You are our Father”)	پلار (Critical, reused) — opportunity to soften stern-authority default per baseline tone guidance
Ephesians 3:20-21	Doxology, God’s power at work	God	Doxological form parallels Romans 11:33-36 and Romans 16:25-27	د خدای قدرت (reused), جلال (reused)

Chapter 3 coverage note: Reviewed in full; this chapter is the letter’s fullest exposition of the Mystery doctrine and the strongest single intra-Pauline (Romans) parallel in the book.

---

Chapter 4 (Ephesians 4:1–32)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 4:1	Calling / walk worthy	Believers	Direct parallel: Romans 12:1 (“present your bodies…”), structurally the hinge from doctrine to ethics in both letters	بلل شوی, چلند کول (reused)
Ephesians 4:4-6	Sevenfold unity (“one body, one Spirit… one God and Father”)	Church	Structural echo of Deuteronomy 6:4 (the Shema, “the LORD our God, the LORD is one”)	CRITICAL — یووالی; must not blur unity-of-the-diverse-body with tawhid’s numerical divine-essence singularity; see Part 4
Ephesians 4:8	Christ’s ascension and gift-giving	Christ	Direct quotation: Psalm 68:18 (“When he ascended on high, he led a host of captives”) — reapplied typologically from a victorious-king/God’s-own-triumph text to Christ’s ascension	High — typological reapplication requires explicit teaching note; no Romans overlap for this specific citation
Ephesians 4:11	Gift-offices for building up the church	Apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers	Direct parallel: Romans 12:6-8 (spiritual gift list)	رسول, پیغمبر (reused); د انجیل ویناوال, شپون (new, see 08_core_glossary.md)
Ephesians 4:13	Corporate maturity, “fullness of Christ”	Church	Reuses بشپړتیا (πλήρωμα) from Ephesians 1:23	بشپړ انسان (Medium)
Ephesians 4:24	Put on the new self	Believers (individual)	Same “new man” term as Ephesians 2:15 (corporate); direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 6:4-6 (old self crucified, new life)	نوی انسان (High, reused from 2:15), زوړ انسان (Medium)
Ephesians 4:25	Truthful speech among believers	Believers	Direct quotation: Zechariah 8:16 (“Let each one of you speak the truth with his neighbor”)	Low-Medium; render truth-vocabulary (رښتیا/صداقت-adjacent) consistently
Ephesians 4:26	Righteous anger without sin	Believers	Allusion: Psalm 4:4 (“Be angry, and do not sin”)	Low
Ephesians 4:30	Do not grieve the Holy Spirit	Holy Spirit	Direct allusion: Isaiah 63:10 (“they grieved his Holy Spirit”) — this OT text is the very source of the “grieving the Spirit” language	High — this OT allusion is decisive positive evidence for the Spirit’s personal nature already in the Hebrew Scriptures, directly countering the mainstream tafsir identification of Rooh-ul-Qudus with the created angel Jibril

Chapter 4 coverage note: Reviewed in full; this chapter contains three direct OT quotations (Psalm 68:18; Zechariah 8:16; and the Psalm 4:4 allusion) plus the Isaiah 63:10 allusion behind “grieve the Spirit,” and the Deuteronomy 6:4 structural echo behind the sevenfold “one.”

---

Chapter 5 (Ephesians 5:1–33)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 5:1-2	Imitate God; Christ’s sacrificial love	Christ, believers	Sacrificial-offering language echoes Exodus 29:18 / Leviticus 1:9 (“a pleasing aroma”); direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 12:1 (living sacrifice)	د خدای پیروي کوونکي (Medium); anchor sacrifice-language away from repeatable Eid-qurbani associations toward Christ’s unique once-for-all self-offering
Ephesians 5:8-14	Light and darkness; awake from sleep	Believers	Echoes Isaiah 60:1 (“Arise, shine, for your light has come”) and Isaiah 26:19 (resurrection/awakening imagery)	رڼا/تیاره (Low-Medium); awakening imagery ties to the بیا راژوندي کیدل (resurrection) motif — flag for care given the doctrine’s Critical baseline status
Ephesians 5:18	Filled with the Spirit vs. drunkenness	Believers	Possible wisdom-tradition echo: Proverbs 20:1, 23:20-21 (warnings against drunkenness)	له روح القدس نه ډک کیدل (Medium-High) — distinguish from Sufi ecstatic states
Ephesians 5:21-33	Household relationships modeled on Christ and the church	Christ, church, husbands, wives	Direct quotation: Genesis 2:24 (“the two shall become one flesh,” Ephesians 5:31); typological background: Hosea 1-3 (marriage covenant imagery for God/Israel)	یوه غوښه (Medium); غاړه ایښودل (Critical); سر (High)

Chapter 5 coverage note: Reviewed in full; the chapter’s single direct OT quotation (Genesis 2:24) anchors the Household Codes doctrine and should be flagged now for future consistency (see Part 4).

---

Chapter 6 (Ephesians 6:1–24)

Passage	Theme	Related Character(s)	OT/NT Connection	Translation Sensitivity
Ephesians 6:1-3	Children obey parents; honor father and mother	Children, parents	Direct quotation: Exodus 20:12 / Deuteronomy 5:16 (fifth commandment, “Honor your father and your mother, that… you may live long”)	High — must distinguish “commandment” (new term needed, see Part 4) from both ناموس (the Mosaic Law as a whole) and Pashtunwali tribal-elder obedience
Ephesians 6:4	Fathers not provoking children	Fathers	Parallels Deuteronomy 6:6-7 (diligent teaching of children)	پلار (reused); ties to the ch.3 fatherhood-softening note
Ephesians 6:5-9	Slaves and masters; God shows no partiality	Slaves, masters	Direct doctrinal parallel: Romans 2:11 (“God shows no partiality”)	غلام (Medium); مالک (Critical — see Part 4, never خداوند for human masters)
Ephesians 6:10-17	Armor of God	Believer (as soldier), Christ (implicit commander)	Major typological transfer: Isaiah 11:5 (righteousness as belt), Isaiah 59:17 (breastplate of righteousness, helmet of salvation — originally God’s own warrior-armor), Isaiah 52:7 (feet, good news of peace), Isaiah 49:2 (sword of the mouth)	Critical — د خدای وسله; the armor imagery is transferred from God’s own OT self-description as divine warrior to the individual believer; extreme regional safety sensitivity given literal armed-conflict/jihad associations
Ephesians 6:12	Cosmic spiritual powers	—	Typological background: Daniel 10:13, 10:20 (angelic princes over nations); direct vocabulary parallel: Romans 8:38 (“nor rulers… nor powers,” ἀρχαί/ἐξουσίαι/δυνάμεις)	High — روحاني واکمنۍ او ځواکونه must be rendered consistently with however Romans 8:38’s “rulers… powers” is rendered in the Romans document, so readers recognize the same enemies named in both letters
Ephesians 6:18-20	Prayer; Paul as an ambassador in chains	Paul, Holy Spirit	Direct parallel: Romans 15:30-32 (Paul’s prayer requests amid danger), Romans 8:26-27 (Spirit’s intercession)	منځګړیتوب (reused, Medium); زندانی سفیر (Medium-High)

Chapter 6 coverage note: Reviewed in full; contains the book’s highest-stakes typological transfer (armor of God) and a direct Torah quotation (Exodus 20:12/Deuteronomy 5:16).

---

PART 2 — MESSIANIC REFERENCES SUMMARY

Reference	OT Source	Messianic Claim in Ephesians	Doctrine Link
Ephesians 1:20	Psalm 110:1	Christ seated at God’s right hand — enthronement	Lordship of Christ (baseline Critical, خداوند)
Ephesians 1:22	Psalm 8:6	All things placed under Christ’s feet — universal dominion, reapplied from humanity to Christ specifically	Deity of Christ / Christ’s supremacy
Ephesians 2:14-17	Isaiah 9:6-7; Isaiah 57:19	Christ himself is “our peace,” fulfilling the prophetic peace-hope	Unity of Jews and Gentiles; Peace with God (baseline سوله)
Ephesians 4:8	Psalm 68:18	Christ’s ascension and gift-giving to the church, reapplied from a victorious-king text	Gifts for Building Up the Church
Ephesians 5:14	Isaiah 60:1; Isaiah 26:19	Christ as the light who awakens the spiritually dead/sleeping	Walking in Newness of Life; Resurrection (baseline Critical)

All five require the same active-correction discipline the baseline already mandates for مسیح (Messiah, Critical): every occurrence must positively assert what the surrounding Quranic Masih tradition denies (deity, crucifixion, resurrection, exaltation, unique redemptive sufficiency).

---

PART 3 — TYPOLOGICAL CONNECTIONS

1. Adam / New Humanity typology (Ephesians 2:15, 4:22-24) — parallels Romans 5:12-21’s Adam/Christ contrast. The “old man”/“new man” (زوړ انسان / نوی انسان) pairing in Ephesians is the corporate and individual outworking of the same first-Adam/last-Adam theology Romans establishes doctrinally. Consistency rule: ensure any future Romans 5:12-21 Pashto rendering of “old man” (ὁ παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος, if present) matches زوړ انسان exactly.

2. Exodus/Redemption typology (Ephesians 1:7, 2:11-13) — Christ’s blood-redemption echoes the Passover lamb (Exodus 12) and the “far/near” language of Gentile inclusion echoes Israel’s own historical liberation from bondage and journey into covenant nearness.

3. Temple typology (Ephesians 2:19-22) — the church, not a physical building, is God’s dwelling place, fulfilling and superseding the Jerusalem temple (cf. cornerstone typology, Isaiah 28:16/Psalm 118:22). This typology must be taught with the same dispersed, often-secret church in view as the baseline’s کلیسا entry requires — the type is fulfilled in a community, not architecture.

4. Marriage typology (Ephesians 5:22-33) — the Genesis 2:24 “one flesh” institution typifies Christ’s own union with the church, extending the OT prophetic marriage-covenant imagery of Hosea 1-3 (God as faithful husband to unfaithful Israel) into its fulfilled, Christ-centered form.

5. Divine-Warrior typology (Ephesians 6:10-17) — the armor pieces (righteousness, salvation, the word) are drawn from Isaiah’s portrait of God himself as the divine warrior (Isaiah 59:17); Ephesians transfers this imagery to the individual believer in union with Christ. This is the most theologically freighted typological transfer in the book and the most safety-sensitive for Pashto-speaking readers (see Part 4).

---

PART 4 — RENDERING-CONSISTENCY RULES FOR SHARED QUOTATIONS

The following rules govern any OT text that is (a) quoted or clearly alluded to in Ephesians, and (b) either already present in the Romans baseline, or likely to recur in future curricula in this language pipeline. These rules must be loaded alongside translation_memory.json before Phase 2 processing of Ephesians.

1. Genesis 15:6 (Abraham’s faith credited as righteousness). Not directly quoted in Ephesians, but Ephesians 2:8-9 is the letter’s own restatement of the identical doctrine Romans 4:1-8 grounds in this verse. The Ephesians 2:8-9 translation must be doctrinally and terminologically consistent with however Genesis 15:6 / Romans 4:3 render فضل, ایمان, and محسوبه شوی صداقت (imputed righteousness) — these three baseline terms are reused exactly and must not drift.

2. Isaiah 28:16 / Psalm 118:22 (cornerstone / stumbling stone). Romans 9:33 quotes Isaiah 28:16 directly (“a stone of stumbling… whoever believes in him will not be put to shame”); Ephesians 2:20 alludes to the same OT text with the opposite emphasis (foundation stone rather than stumbling stone). Rule: the underlying Isaiah 28:16 wording, wherever it must be rendered in either document, must use identical Pashto phrasing for the shared clauses (“a stone,” “in Zion,” “will not be put to shame”), even though the doctrinal application differs between the two letters. Do not let the differing application motivate a differing translation of the shared source text.

3. Psalm 8:6 (all things under his feet). Quoted in Ephesians 1:22. Likely to recur if this pipeline later covers 1 Corinthians 15:27 or Hebrews 2:6-8. Establish the canonical Pashto rendering now: “او هر څه یې د هغه پښو لاندې کیښودل.” This exact phrasing should be reused verbatim in any future occurrence.

4. Psalm 68:18 (ascended on high, led captives, gave gifts). Quoted in Ephesians 4:8; no known Romans overlap. Establish now as a fixed reference rendering for internal consistency should this pipeline expand to other Pauline captivity epistles.

5. Isaiah 57:19 (peace to the far and the near). Quoted/echoed in Ephesians 2:13, 2:17. No Romans overlap, but note the baseline’s existing سوله (peace) asset-framing note applies directly and should be extended, not re-derived.

6. Zechariah 8:16 (speak truth to your neighbor). Quoted in Ephesians 4:25. First appearance of Zechariah in this pipeline; establish رښتیا-based phrasing now for future consistency.

7. Isaiah 63:10 (grieved his Holy Spirit). Allusion behind Ephesians 4:30. Establish now: this OT text is the direct textual ancestor of the “grieve the Spirit” doctrine and should be cited explicitly in any teaching material to reinforce the Spirit’s OT-attested personal nature.

8. Exodus 20:12 / Deuteronomy 5:16 (honor your father and mother). Quoted in Ephesians 6:2-3. This is the Ten Commandments text and will almost certainly recur in any future Torah, Gospels (e.g., Matthew 19:19, Mark 10:19), or general-epistles curriculum in this pipeline. New term required: render “commandment” (ἐντολή) as حکم (hukm, pl. احکام) — distinct from ناموس (the Law/Torah as a whole, Critical baseline term) and distinct from Pashtunwali customary obligation. Flag حکم as High risk: حکم/احکام is also a significant Islamic jurisprudential term (fatwa rulings); context must keep it anchored to the specific fifth commandment, not general Islamic legal ruling vocabulary. This rendering should be locked now as the pipeline’s canonical “commandment” term.

9. Genesis 2:24 (one flesh). Quoted in Ephesians 5:31. Will almost certainly recur (Matthew 19:5, Mark 10:8, 1 Corinthians 6:16 if this pipeline expands). Establish canonical rendering now: “له دې امله سړی خپل پلار او مور پریږدي، او له خپلې مېرې سره یو ځای کیږي، او دواړه یوه غوښه کیږي.” Lock this exact phrasing for reuse.

10. Deuteronomy 6:4 (the Shema, “the LORD is one”). Not quoted but structurally echoed by the sevenfold “one” of Ephesians 4:4-6. Rule: if Deuteronomy 6:4 is ever directly quoted in a future curriculum (e.g., Mark 12:29), its rendering must be coordinated with however یووالی (unity) is taught in Ephesians 4:4-6, so that the two “onenesses” (tawhid-adjacent singularity of God’s essence vs. the diverse body’s unity around one Lord) remain conceptually distinguishable to the reader across documents, per the doctrine risk note below.

11. Romans 16:25-27 / Ephesians 3:9 (the mystery kept secret, now revealed). These are not the same OT quotation but the same Pauline theological formula, applied by the same author in two letters. Rule: راز (mystery) must be rendered and explained identically in both passages wherever both are translated in this pipeline, since they are doctrinally and rhetorically the same claim in Paul’s own usage.

12. Romans 8:38 / Ephesians 6:12 (rulers… powers). Same Greek vocabulary cluster (ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, δυνάμεις) describing spiritual/cosmic powers in both letters. Rule: روحاني واکمنۍ او ځواکونه (Ephesians) must align with whatever rendering is used for the equivalent list in Romans 8:38, so readers recognize these as the same defeated enemies across both letters (cf. Ephesians 1:21-22’s prior claim that Christ is already exalted above them).

---

Summary Table: New Terms Arising Specifically from Cross-Reference Analysis

Term	Pashto	Risk	Reason
commandment (ἐντολή, distinct from νόμος)	حکم (pl. احکام)	High	Needed for Exodus 20:12/Deuteronomy 5:16 quotation at Ephesians 6:2-3; must not collapse into ناموس (the Law as a whole) or Islamic fatwa-ruling connotations

This term should be submitted for promotion into translation_memory.json alongside the Section B terms already identified in analysis/08_core_glossary.md.