Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy (English → Nepali)
This glossary lists every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all six chapters of 1 Timothy. Risk tiers (Critical/High/Medium/Low) follow the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly. Section 1 lists terms this curriculum reuses unchanged from the Romans baseline translation memory (no new decision required). Section 2 lists new terms required for 1 Timothy, each a candidate for addition to translation memory at Step 8/9. Section 3 lists proper names. Section 4 gives a risk-tier summary.
Section 1 — Reused Terms from Romans Baseline (translation_memory.json)
These renderings MUST be used exactly as recorded in the baseline; no deviation permitted.
| English term | Nepali rendering | Baseline risk | Key 1 Timothy passages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | सुसमाचार | High | 1:11 |
| Grace | अनुग्रह | High | 1:2, 1:14; 6:21 |
| Faith | विश्वास | High | 1:2, 1:4-5, 1:14, 1:19; 2:15; 3:9, 3:13; 4:1, 4:6, 4:12; 5:8, 5:12; 6:10-12, 6:21 |
| Apostle | प्रेरित | Medium | 1:1; 2:7 |
| Called / Calling | बोलाइएका / बोलावट | High | (thematic; office-calling underlies 3:1) |
| Holy | पवित्र | High | 2:8; 4:5 |
| Saints | पवित्र जन | High | 5:10 |
| Sanctification | पवित्रीकरण | High | 4:5 |
| Church | मण्डली | Medium | 3:5, 3:15; 5:16 |
| Law | व्यवस्था | High | 1:8-9 |
| Sin | पाप | High | 1:9, 1:15; 5:20, 5:22, 5:24 |
| Gentiles | अन्यजाति | Medium | 2:7; 3:16 |
| Glory | महिमा | High | 1:11, 1:17; 3:16 |
| Messiah / Christ | मसीह / ख्रीष्ट | Critical | throughout |
| Prophet / Prophecy | अगमवक्ता / अगमवाणी | Low | 1:18; 4:14 |
| Intercession | मध्यस्थता | Medium | 2:1 |
| Mission / Gospel Proclamation | सुसमाचार प्रचार | Medium | 2:7; 3:16 |
| Jesus | येशू | Critical | throughout |
| God | परमेश्वर | Critical | throughout |
| Holy Spirit | पवित्र आत्मा | Critical | 3:16; 4:1 |
| Father | पिता | Critical | 1:2 |
| Exhort / Entreat | उत्साहित पार्नु / बिन्ती गर्नु | Low | 1:3; 2:1 (बिन्ती) |
| Spiritual Gifts | आत्मिक वरदान | Medium | 4:14 |
| Lord | प्रभु | Critical | throughout; 6:15 |
| Justification (root) | धर्मी ठहराइने कार्य | Critical | 3:16 (ἐδικαιώθη, Christological application) |
| Salvation (root) | उद्धार | Critical | 1:1, 1:15; 2:4, 2:15; 4:16 |
| Incarnation (concept) | देहधारण | Critical | 3:16 |
| Thanksgiving | धन्यवाद | Low | 2:1 |
Section 2 — New Terms Required for 1 Timothy
Each entry follows the baseline registry schema: term, original, transliteration, Nepali rendering, risk tier, doctrine, primary passages, alternatives rejected, and grounded notes. All Critical/High terms require human theologian review per the baseline’s escalation rules; Medium terms require native speaker review; Low terms are automated-review-sufficient.
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Nepali rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Primary passages | Alternatives rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | उद्धारकर्ता | Critical | Salvation | 1:1; 2:3; 4:10 | मुक्तिदाता, मोक्षदाता | Must keep the personal-agent form of the already-fixed उद्धार root; never a liberation/deliverer term tied to मोक्ष/निर्वाण. |
| Mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | दया | High | Grace (related) | 1:2, 1:13, 1:16 | कृपा, अनुग्रह | Baseline restricts कृपा to non-soteriological use; this usage is soteriological (mercy on a persecutor), so a distinct word from both कृपा and अनुग्रह is required. |
| Love | ἀγάπη (agapē) | प्रेम | Medium | Mutual Edification | 1:5; throughout | माया | माया carries broader general-affection sense; प्रेम is the established term for selfless, Christlike love. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις (syneidēsis) | विवेक | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:5, 1:19; 3:9; 4:2 | अन्तस्करण, अन्तरात्मा | अन्तस्करण carries heavier Samkhya/Vedanta metaphysical baggage; अन्तरात्मा risks Upanishadic “inner Self” collision. विवेक is the least-loaded common choice; monitor in native-speaker review. |
| Devil / Satan | διάβολος / Σατανᾶς (diabolos / Satanas) | शैतान | Critical | (Spiritual Warfare, cross-cutting) | 1:20; 3:6-7, 3:11; 5:15 | असुर, मार, माया (illusion) | Must be the one, personal adversary of God — not one of many Hindu asuras, not the Buddhist tempter-deity Mara, not an impersonal illusion-principle. |
| Trustworthy Saying (formula) | πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (pistos ho logos) | विश्वासयोग्य वचन | Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 1:15; 3:1; 4:9 | — | Recurring technical marker; render identically at every occurrence for learner recognition. |
| Sound Doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία (hygiainousa didaskalia) | खरो सिद्धान्त | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:10; 4:6; 6:3 | ठीक धर्म (rejected: धर्म root forbidden) | सिद्धान्त (“doctrine/tenet”) avoids the caste-code-linked धर्म root entirely. |
| Teach a Different Doctrine | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω (heterodidaskaleō) | भिन्नै सिद्धान्त सिकाउनु | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:3; 6:3 | — | Names the letter’s central problem. |
| Myths and Endless Genealogies | μῦθος καὶ γενεαλογία (mythos kai genealogia) | काल्पनिक कथा र वंशावली | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 1:4 | — | Must be taught as targeting speculative distortion of the gospel, not Nepali Puranic/Jataka cultural narrative genres generally. |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | भक्ति (qualified: परमेश्वरप्रतिको भक्ति) | High | Godliness and Contentment | 2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5, 6, 11 | धर्मपरायणता (धर्म root forbidden), ईश्वरपरायणता (heavy tatsama, low naturalness) | भक्ति is distinct from the faith-context rejection of भक्ति in baseline; must always be anchored to परमेश्वर/ख्रीष्ट to avoid importing Hindu Bhakti-marga theology. Mandatory theologian review. |
| Mediator | μεσίτης (mesitēs) | मध्यस्थ | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator | 2:5 | पुरोहित, गुरु, लामा | The numeric exclusivity (“one mediator,” एक मध्यस्थ) must be preserved intact against Nepal’s live culture of priestly/guru/lama intermediaries. Highest-priority term in this curriculum. |
| Ransom | ἀντίλυτρον (antilytron) | फिरौती | High | Christ as the One Mediator | 2:6 | मुक्तिको मूल्य (मुक्ति root forbidden) | Neutral secular “ransom payment” word; deliberately avoids the मुक्ति root reserved against for “salvation.” |
| Self-Control / Sober-Mindedness | σωφροσύνη / σώφρων (sōphrosynē / sōphrōn) | संयम / संयमी | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Public Worship and Prayer | 2:9, 2:15; 3:2 | तप, वैराग्य (renunciate-ascetic terms) | संयम also carries Hindu/Jain ascetic-restraint and Buddhist monastic-discipline associations; must be taught as ordinary Spirit-produced self-control, not merit-earning renunciation. |
| Quietness / Silence | ἡσυχία (hēsychia) | मौनता | High | Public Worship and Prayer | 2:11-12 | शान्ति (rejected: reserved for “peace with God”) | Deliberately distinct word from the baseline’s fixed शान्ति to avoid doctrinal collapse; genuinely disputed scope of application. |
| Exercise Authority Over | αὐθεντέω (authenteō) | अधिकार जमाउनु | High | Public Worship and Prayer / Qualifications for Church Leadership | 2:12 | — | Lexically debated between neutral and negative senses; record alternatives_considered; mandatory theologian review. |
| Saved through Childbearing (interpretive unit) | σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας | (उद्धार root, verb form) | Critical | Salvation | 2:15 | — | Must never be taught/translated as works-salvation through childbirth; direct collision risk with Grace/Justification doctrine. |
| Overseer / Bishop (office) | ἐπίσκοπος / ἐπισκοπή (episkopos / episkopē) | अध्यक्ष / अध्यक्षको पद | Critical | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:1-2 | पुरोहित, लामा, गुरु, बिशप (transliteration, inconsistent with established usage) | Neutral administrative term, deliberately avoiding caste-priestly (पुरोहित), Buddhist-monastic (लामा), and guru-disciple (गुरु) associations. |
| Above Reproach / Blameless | ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος (anepilēmptos / anegklētos) | निष्कलंक / दोषरहित | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2, 3:10 | — | Public, verifiable integrity, not sinless perfection. |
| Husband of One Wife | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα (mias gynaikos andra) | एक पत्नीको पति | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2, 3:12 | — | Disputed scope (polygamy only vs. also divorce/remarriage); mandatory theologian review. |
| Sober-Minded | νηφάλιος (nēphalios) | सचेत / होसमा रहने | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2, 3:11 | — | |
| Respectable / Orderly | κόσμιος (kosmios) | मर्यादित | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Public Worship and Prayer | 2:9; 3:2 | — | |
| Hospitable / Hospitality | φιλόξενος / φιλοξενία (philoxenos / philoxenia) | अतिथि-प्रेमी / अतिथि सेवा | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Care for Widows | 3:2; 5:10 | — | Positive resonance with Nepali guest-honor custom; still requires teaching as active, costly welcome. |
| Apt to Teach | διδακτικός (didaktikos) | सिकाउन सक्ने | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching / Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | — | |
| Not Contentious | ἄμαχος (amachos) | नझगडिने | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | शान्तिप्रेमी (rejected: risks collision with शान्ति) | |
| Not a Lover of Money / Love of Money | ἀφιλάργυρος / φιλαργυρία (aphilargyros / philargyria) | धनको लोभ नगर्ने / धनको लोभ | High | Godliness and Contentment | 3:3; 6:10 | — | |
| Manage / Lead (household or church) | προΐστημι (proistēmi) | अगुवाई गर्नु / व्यवस्थापन गर्नु | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:4-5, 3:12; 5:17 | — | |
| Household / House (of God) | οἶκος / οἶκος θεοῦ (oikos / oikos theou) | घर / परमेश्वरको घर | High | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:4-5, 3:12, 3:15 | — | |
| Submission | ὑποταγή (hypotagē) | अधीनता | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Public Worship and Prayer | 3:4 | — | Must be taught as willing, loving responsiveness, not coerced subjugation reinforcing existing rigid household hierarchy. |
| Care For (pastoral) | ἐπιμελέομαι (epimeleomai) | हेरचाह गर्नु | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:5 | — | |
| New Convert | νεόφυτος (neophytos) | नयाँ विश्वासी | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | — | |
| Puffed Up with Conceit | τυφόομαι (typhoomai) | घमण्डी हुनु | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | — | |
| Good Testimony / Reputation | μαρτυρία καλή (martyria kalē) | असल गवाही / राम्रो नाम | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:7 | — | Weighted by Nepal’s honor-shame social dynamics. |
| Deacon (office) | διάκονος (diakonos) | सेवक | Critical | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8, 3:10, 3:12-13 | डीकन (bare transliteration, low naturalness) | Collision risk: सेवक also denotes a Hindu devotee-servant of a deity/guru; must always be taught with the functional, tested, term-limited 1 Timothy 3 sense. |
| Double-Tongued | δίλογος (dilogos) | दोहोरो कुरा गर्ने | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8 | — | |
| Given to Much Wine | οἴνῳ πολλῷ προσέχοντας | धेरै रक्सीको लत लागेको | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3, 3:8 | — | Sensitive to ethnic-customary ritual alcohol use (Newar, Gurung, Rai, Limbu, Tamang); addresses habitual excess, not custom generally. |
| Greedy for Dishonest Gain | αἰσχροκερδής (aischrokerdēs) | अनुचित लाभको लोभ गर्ने | High | Godliness and Contentment | 3:8 | — | |
| Mystery (of the faith / of godliness) | μυστήριον (mystērion) | रहस्य | Critical | Guarding the Deposit of Faith / The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:9, 3:16 | — | Direct collision with Kathmandu Valley Tantric/Vajrayana esoteric “rahasya” secret-knowledge tradition; must always be qualified as truth openly revealed to all believers. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| Clear/Clean Conscience | καθαρὰ συνείδησις | स्वच्छ विवेक | Medium-High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 3:9 | शुद्ध विवेक (rejected: शुद्ध carries ritual-purity risk) | |
| Tested / Examined | δοκιμάζω (dokimazō) | जाँच गर्नु | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:10 | — | |
| Women / Wives (of deacons) | γυναῖκας (gynaikas) | पत्नीहरू / महिला सेवकहरू | Critical | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Public Worship and Prayer | 3:11 | — | Genuinely disputed rendering with major ecclesiological implications (wives vs. deaconesses). Mandatory theologian review before any Phase 2 translation of this verse. |
| Slanderer(s) | διάβολος (adjectival) (diabolos) | निन्दा गर्ने | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:11 | — | Lexical echo with शैतान (3:6-7); teach the connection without using शैतान itself here. |
| Good Standing | βαθμὸν καλόν (bathmon kalon) | राम्रो प्रतिष्ठा | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | — | |
| Boldness / Confidence | παρρησία (parrēsia) | साहस | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership / Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 3:13 | — | Direct present-day pastoral/legal weight given Nepal’s proselytizing restrictions (cf. baseline evangelism note). |
| Church of God / Church of the Living God | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ / ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος | परमेश्वरको मण्डली / जीवित परमेश्वरको मण्डली | Critical | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:5, 3:15 | — | “Living God” sharpens contrast with lifeless idols/impersonal ultimate-reality concepts. |
| Pillar | στῦλος (stylos) | खम्बा | High | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | — | Culturally vivid given Nepali Hindu temple architecture; keep function (upholding truth), not structure, central. |
| Foundation / Buttress | ἑδραίωμα (hedraiōma) | जग / आधार | High | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | — | |
| Truth | ἀλήθεια (alētheia) | सत्य | Medium | The Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | — | Distinguish from general Hindu/Gandhian ethical “satya”; specifically the revealed truth of the gospel. |
| Angel | ἄγγελος (angelos) | स्वर्गदूत | Medium | (Christ-hymn, 3:16) | 3:16 | देवता (rejected: implies Hindu/Buddhist deity/celestial being) | |
| Ascension (“taken up in glory”) | ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ | स्वर्गारोहण | High | (Christ-hymn, 3:16) | 3:16 | — | Avoid light-radiance phrasing that echoes Tantric/living-goddess divine-radiance imagery (cf. baseline महिमा caution). |
| Depart from the Faith (apostasy) | ἀφίστημι τῆς πίστεως | विश्वासबाट तर्किनु | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 4:1 | धर्मत्याग (धर्म root forbidden) | |
| Deceiving Spirits | πνεύματα πλάνα | छलपूर्ण आत्माहरू | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 4:1 | — | |
| Teachings/Doctrines of Demons | διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων | दुष्ट आत्माहरूका सिद्धान्त | High | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 4:1 | भूत-प्रेतका कुरा (rejected: indigenous shamanistic-spirit framework) | Keep distinct from Nepali jhankri/shamanistic ghost-affliction beliefs. |
| Council of Elders | πρεσβυτέριον (presbyterion) | प्राचीनहरूको समूह | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14 | — | |
| Laying on of Hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | हात राख्ने कार्य | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14; 5:22 | — | |
| Elder (office vs. generic elder/older person) | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | प्राचीन (office) / वृद्ध-पाका (generic) | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:1-2, 5:17, 5:19 | — | Context-sensitive across two distinct senses within one chapter, parallel to baseline’s “called” entry. |
| Widow | χήρα (chēra) | विधवा | High | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | 5:3-16 | — | Real cultural weight given historical Nepali Hindu widow stigma (remarriage restriction, historic sati). |
| Wife of One Husband | μονάνδρος γυνή (monandros gynē) | एक पतिकी पत्नी | Medium | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | 5:9 | — | |
| Rule/Lead Well (elders) | προΐστημι (καλῶς) | अगुवाई गर्नु (राम्ररी) | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:17 | — | |
| Double Honor | διπλῆ τιμή (diplē timē) | दोहोरो आदर | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:17-18 | — | |
| Witness (legal) | μάρτυς (martys) | साक्षी | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:19 | — | |
| Rebuke / Reprove | ἐλέγχω (elenchō) | हप्काउनु / अनुशासन गर्नु | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:20 | — | |
| Partiality | πρόκρισις (prokrisis) | पक्षपात | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:21 | — | |
| Pure (moral) | ἁγνός (hagnos) | निर्मल | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:22 | शुद्ध (rejected: ritual-purity risk, per baseline caution) | |
| Bondservant / Slave | δοῦλος (doulos) | दास | High | (household/social order) | 6:1-2 | — | Live cultural weight given Nepal’s Kamaiya bonded-labor history (abolished 2000). |
| Master (human) | δεσπότης (despotēs) | मालिक | Medium | (household/social order) | 6:1-2 | — | Distinct from reserved प्रभु (Lord, theological); safe in this purely human sense. |
| Means of Gain | πορισμός (porismos) | लाभको माध्यम | High | Godliness and Contentment | 6:5 | — | Directly names a prosperity-gospel-style distortion. |
| Contentment | αὐτάρκεια (autarkeia) | सन्तोष | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 6:6 | — | |
| Ruin and Destruction | ὄλεθρος καὶ ἀπώλεια | विनाश र सर्वनाश | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 6:9 | — | |
| Confession (good confession) | ὁμολογία (homologia) | अंगीकार / उत्तम अंगीकार | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:12-13 | — | Connects directly to baseline’s Critical “Jesus is Lord” confession (Romans 10:9); teach together. |
| Eternal Life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | अनन्त जीवन | High | (Salvation, cross-cutting) | 6:12, 6:19 | मोक्ष, निर्वाण (forbidden, per baseline salvation caution) | |
| Appearing (Second Coming) | ἐπιφάνεια (epiphaneia) | प्रकटन | Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:14 | — | |
| The Only Sovereign | μόνος δυνάστης (monos dynastēs) | एकमात्र शासक | High | (exclusive monotheism, cross-cutting) | 6:15 | — | |
| King of Kings and Lord of Lords | βασιλεὺς βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος κυριευόντων | राजाहरूका राजा र प्रभुहरूका प्रभु | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator (Lordship) | 6:15 | — | Must not echo Nepal’s former Shah-monarchy divine-royal titulature; Christ’s sovereignty is unique and supreme over every earthly throne. |
| Unapproachable Light | φῶς ἀπρόσιτον (phōs aprositon) | अगम्य ज्योति | Medium-High | (Deity of God, cross-cutting) | 6:16 | — | Same light-imagery caution as baseline’s महिमा entry. |
| Falsely-Called Knowledge | γνῶσις ψευδώνυμος (gnōsis pseudōnymos) | झूटो ज्ञान | Critical | Guarding the Deposit of Faith / Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 6:20 | — | ज्ञान is central to Hindu jñāna-mārga and Buddhist prajñā/enlightenment soteriology; must always be qualified as false/counterfeit, never left as an unqualified positive term for saving knowledge. |
| The Deposit (entrusted) | παραθήκη (parathēkē) | थाती | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:20 | — | Ordinary secular Nepali legal/financial “trust deposit” term; gives the metaphor concrete force. |
| Empty Chatter | κενοφωνία (kenophōnia) | व्यर्थका कुराहरू | Low | Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | 6:20 | — |
Section 3 — Proper Names (established Bible-tradition forms)
| English | Nepali | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Paul | पावल | Per baseline system prompt convention. |
| Timothy | तिमोथी | New to this curriculum; establish as standard form. |
| Ephesus | एफिसस | Place name. |
| Hymenaeus | हुमिनयस | 1:20. |
| Alexander | अलेक्जेण्डर | 1:20. |
| Adam | आदम | Referenced via creation order in 2:13 (indirect). |
| Eve | हव्वा | Referenced via creation order in 2:13-14 (indirect). |
Section 4 — Risk-Tier Summary (New Terms, Section 2)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 9 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 27 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 27 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 1 | Automated review |
| Total new terms | 64 | — |
Combined with the 26 reused baseline terms in Section 1 (all already Critical/High/Medium/Low per baseline routing), this glossary provides full-book coverage of 1 Timothy 1–6 load-bearing theological vocabulary for Phase 2 processing.
Critical Risk Terms
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. The Anointed One fulfilling Old Testament promise, not one of many divine or royal figures. See also ‘christ’ entry below for the everyday compound ख्रीष्ट येशू used throughout 1 Timothy.
Christ
Approved rendering: ख्रीष्ट
Transliteration: Khrist
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
New key for this curriculum, though the term itself is already established Nepali Christian usage per the baseline system prompt’s transliteration standards. Recurs as the fixed compound ख्रीष्ट येशू throughout 1 Timothy (1:1-2, 1:12, 1:14-16; 3:13; 6:3, 13-14). Must never be read as one of several divine avatars or enlightened teachers.
Jesus
Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: Yeshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Established Nepali Christian standard form used throughout 1 Timothy.
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Repeated exclusive-monotheism claims new to this curriculum (1:17; 2:5; 6:15-16) sharpen the never-भगवान rule given Nepal’s former constitutional Hindu-Kingdom identity.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Atma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Used of the Spirit’s vindication of Christ (3:16) and of deceiving spirits’ counterfeit source in false teaching (4:1); never ब्रह्म or परमात्मा.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Opening salutation (1:2) grounds the letter’s tone in filial relationship with God.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: मालिक, ईश्वर
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Climaxes at 6:15 in ‘King of kings and Lord of lords,’ asserting Christ’s supremacy over every earthly ruler, including any royal figure once claimed as divine in Nepal’s history. Never confuse with मालिक, the correct term for a purely human master at 6:1-2.
Justification
Approved rendering: धर्मी ठहराइने कार्य
Transliteration: dharmi thahraine karya
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: माफी पाउने कार्य
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Applied Christologically at 3:16 (‘vindicated/justified in the Spirit’), grounding the believer’s own justification in Christ’s vindication.
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, निर्वाण
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Root term underlying ‘Savior’ (1:1; 2:3; 4:10) and 2:15’s disputed ‘saved through childbearing’ clause; never मुक्ति/मोक्ष/निर्वाण.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: देहधारण
Transliteration: dehadharan
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार
Original: ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Named directly in the Christ-hymn’s opening line (3:16, ‘manifested in the flesh’); never अवतार, given the concrete recent political weight of that term in Nepal.
Savior
Approved rendering: उद्धारकर्ता
Transliteration: uddharkarta
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्तिदाता, मोक्षदाता
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
New personal-agent noun derived transparently from the already-fixed उद्धार root. Occurs at 1:1; 2:3; 4:10. Must never be rendered with a liberation-deliverer term tied to मुक्तिदाता or मोक्षदाता, which would import Hindu liberation-from-rebirth categories into a personal-Savior confession.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: शैतान
Transliteration: Shaitan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Reality of Satan
Rejected alternatives: असुर, मार, माया (illusion)
Original: διάβολος / Σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Occurs at 1:20 (‘delivered to Satan’) and 3:6-7, 3:11 (adjectival slanderer echo). Must be taught as the one, personal spiritual adversary of God — not one of many Hindu asuras/rakshasas, not the Buddhist tempter-deity Mara held by Nepal’s Newar and Himalayan Buddhist communities, and not an impersonal illusion-principle (māyā).
Mediator
Approved rendering: मध्यस्थ
Transliteration: madhyastha
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: पुरोहित, गुरु, लामा
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Christology
New term, highest-priority in this curriculum. Occurs at 2:5 with the numeral εἷς (‘one’). MUST be rendered एक मध्यस्थ, never bare मध्यस्थ, preserving full numerical exclusivity against Nepal’s live culture of priestly, guru, and lama intermediaries. Mandatory human theologian review at every occurrence.
Saved Through Childbearing
Approved rendering: उद्धार (verb form, root reused)
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Order and Roles in Public Worship (Men and Women)
Original: σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας
Category: Salvation
New interpretive unit reusing the fixed उद्धार root. Occurs at 2:15. Must NEVER be taught or translated so as to suggest childbirth is a means of salvation, which would directly contradict the Critical-risk baseline doctrine of Grace and Justification by Faith. Mandatory theologian review.
Overseer
Approved rendering: अध्यक्ष / अध्यक्षको पद
Transliteration: adhyaksha / adhyakshako pad
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: पुरोहित, लामा, गुरु, बिशप
Original: ἐπίσκοπος / ἐπισκοπή
Category: Church Leadership
New term, core-passage anchor (3:1-2). Deliberately neutral, non-sacral administrative term. Never पुरोहित (caste-linked Hindu priestly office), never लामा (Buddhist monastic hierarchy), never गुरु (devotional master-disciple bond foreign to this functional, accountable office), never bare transliteration बिशप.
Deacon
Approved rendering: सेवक
Transliteration: sevak
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: डीकन
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church Leadership
New term, core-passage anchor (3:8, 3:10, 3:12-13). सेवक also denotes the ordinary Nepali Hindu devotional term for a deity’s or guru’s devotee-servant (भगवानको सेवक); must ALWAYS be taught with the functional, congregationally-tested, term-limited sense of 1 Timothy 3, never the devotee-servant sense of a guru-bhakta relationship. Mandatory theologian review at first introduction.
Mystery
Approved rendering: रहस्य
Transliteration: rahasya
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 3:9 (‘mystery of the faith’) and 3:16 (‘mystery of godliness’). रहस्य is the standard Nepali word for esoteric Tantric/Vajrayana secret knowledge in Kathmandu Valley Newar Hindu and Himalayan Buddhist tradition. MUST always be qualified in context as truth openly revealed to all believers. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Women Wives Deacons
Approved rendering: पत्नीहरू / महिला सेवकहरू
Transliteration: patniharu / mahila sevakharu
Doctrine: Order and Roles in Public Worship (Men and Women)
Original: γυναῖκας
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:11. Genuinely ambiguous between ‘their wives’ (of the deacons) and ‘women deacons/deaconesses,’ a distinct female office; the two options carry materially different ecclesiological implications. Must NOT default silently to either rendering. Mandatory theologian review before any Phase 2 translation of this verse.
Church Of Living God
Approved rendering: जीवित परमेश्वरको मण्डली
Transliteration: jivit Parameshwarko mandali
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
New term. Occurs at 3:15. Sharpens the contrast between the true, personal God and lifeless idols or impersonal ultimate-reality concepts, echoing the baseline’s caution regarding ब्रह्म for the Holy Spirit.
King Of Kings
Approved rendering: राजाहरूका राजा र प्रभुहरूका प्रभु
Transliteration: rajaharuka raja ra prabhuharuka prabhu
Doctrine: Confession of Faith and Assurance
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων
Category: Christology
New term. Occurs at 6:15. Given Nepal’s Shah-dynasty monarchy (abolished 2008), whose kings held grand royal titles and were venerated with divine-avatar status until living memory, this title must be taught as Christ’s unique cosmic sovereignty superior to and independent of any earthly throne. Mandatory theologian review.
Falsely Called Knowledge
Approved rendering: झूटो ज्ञान
Transliteration: jhutho gyaan
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: γνῶσις ψευδώνυμος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 6:20. ज्ञान is a major, doctrinally load-bearing term in both Hindu jñāna-mārga and Buddhist prajñā/enlightenment traditions; must NEVER be left unqualified as a positive term for saving knowledge — always in the झूटो ज्ञान construction. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: सुसमाचार
Transliteration: susamachar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: खुशखबरी
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 1:11 ties the gospel directly to sound doctrine (खरो सिद्धान्त), reinforcing the Guarding the Deposit of Faith and Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching doctrines new to this curriculum.
Grace
Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, पुण्य, भाग्य
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Grounds Paul’s own apostleship (1:14) despite his past; directly relevant to this curriculum’s Godliness and Contentment doctrine, which rejects gain-seeking piety.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: vishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ति
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Timothy, विश्वास carries both the personal-trust sense and, in phrases like ‘the faith’ (सिद्धान्त), the body of apostolic teaching to be guarded; determine sense by context at every occurrence.
Called
Approved rendering: बोलाइएका
Transliteration: bolaieka
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: निमन्त्रित
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies the legitimate aspiration to church office (3:1) as distinct from self-appointment or hereditary/caste succession.
Calling
Approved rendering: बोलावट
Transliteration: bolawat
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must convey sovereign summons, not karma-determined destiny or self-initiated ambition, especially relevant to church office aspiration in 3:1.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Used of hands lifted in prayer (2:8) — moral fitness for approaching God, not ritual purity.
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: सन्त, साधु
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Used of ordinary believing widows’ record of good works (5:10); never सन्त/साधु, which would imply an ascetic elite.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरण
Transliteration: pavitrikaran
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धीकरण
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied at 4:5 to food set apart by God’s word and prayer against false ascetic teaching; distinct from Hindu ritual purification of food.
Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: vyavastha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, नियम
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 1:8-9 teaches the law is good when used lawfully but is not given for the righteous; NEVER धर्म given its caste-code associations in Nepal.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: paap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: अकुशल कर्म
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Paul names himself ‘foremost of sinners’ (1:15), grounding the letter’s testimony of grace and mercy; distinguish from impersonal bad karma.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तेज
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Used in doxological climaxes (1:17) and of Christ’s ascension ‘taken up in glory’ (3:16); avoid light-metaphor phrasing echoing Kathmandu Valley living-goddess/Tantric divine-radiance imagery.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: daya
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, अनुग्रह
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
New term. Occurs at 1:2, 1:13, 1:16 (mercy shown to Paul, ‘the foremost of sinners’). The baseline restricts कृपा to non-soteriological compassion; this usage is soteriological, so a term distinct from both कृपा and अनुग्रह is required to avoid collapsing two related but distinguishable concepts.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: खरो सिद्धान्त
Transliteration: kharo siddhanta
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ठीक धर्म
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 1:10; 4:6; 6:3. सिद्धान्त (‘doctrine/tenet’) is chosen specifically to avoid the caste-code-linked धर्म root forbidden throughout this pipeline.
Teach Different Doctrine
Approved rendering: भिन्नै सिद्धान्त सिकाउनु
Transliteration: bhinnai siddhanta sikaunu
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Names the letter’s opening warning (1:3) and recurs at 6:3, framing the central problem the whole book addresses.
Myths And Genealogies
Approved rendering: काल्पनिक कथा र अन्तहीन वंशावली
Transliteration: kalpanik katha ra antahin vamshawali
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: μῦθος καὶ γενεαλογία ἀπέραντος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 1:4. Nepal’s Hindu Puranic literature and Buddhist Jataka tale traditions are major cultural genres; must be taught as targeting speculative distortion of the apostolic gospel, not Nepali cultural narrative traditions generally.
Godliness
Approved rendering: भक्ति
Transliteration: bhakti
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: धर्मपरायणता, ईश्वरपरायणता
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Must ALWAYS appear in the qualified collocation परमेश्वरप्रतिको भक्ति (‘devotion toward God’), never bare. Occurs at 2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5, 6, 11. भक्ति is the name of an entire competing Hindu bhakti-mārga devotional path toward mokṣa; every occurrence requires mandatory theologian review and the qualifier without exception.
Ransom
Approved rendering: फिरौती
Transliteration: phirauti
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: मुक्तिको मूल्य
Original: ἀντίλυτρον
Category: Salvation
New term. Occurs at 2:6. Neutral secular ‘ransom payment’ word, deliberately avoiding the मुक्ति root reserved against for ‘salvation,’ to avoid importing Hindu liberation-from-rebirth categories into the atonement concept.
Self Control
Approved rendering: संयम / संयमी
Transliteration: sanyam / sanyami
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: तप, वैराग्य
Original: σωφροσύνη / σώφρων
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Recurs at 2:9, 2:15; 3:2. संयम also carries Hindu/Jain ascetic-restraint and Buddhist monastic-discipline associations; must be taught as ordinary Spirit-produced self-control, not merit-earning renunciation.
Quietness
Approved rendering: मौनता
Transliteration: maunata
Doctrine: Order and Roles in Public Worship (Men and Women)
Rejected alternatives: शान्ति
Original: ἡσυχία
Category: Public Worship
New term. Occurs at 2:11-12. Deliberately distinct from शान्ति (reserved for baseline’s soteriological ‘peace with God’) to avoid doctrinal collapse; genuinely disputed scope of application requires theologian and native-speaker review together.
Exercise Authority
Approved rendering: अधिकार जमाउनु
Transliteration: adhikar jamaunu
Doctrine: Order and Roles in Public Worship (Men and Women)
Original: αὐθεντέω
Category: Public Worship
New term. Occurs at 2:12. A rare Greek verb (αὐθεντέω) whose lexical range genuinely spans a neutral and a negative sense in scholarship; record alternatives_considered and flag for mandatory theologian review.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: एक पत्नीको पति
Transliteration: ek patniko pati
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:2 and 3:12. Disputed scope (excludes polygamy only, or also divorce/remarriage) intersects with customary polygamy in some Nepali ethnic communities; mandatory theologian review; teach as a positive fidelity standard, not a targeted judgment.
Apt To Teach
Approved rendering: सिकाउन सक्ने
Transliteration: sikaunu sakne
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διδακτικός
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:2, directly tying leadership qualification to doctrinal guarding.
Love Of Money
Approved rendering: धनको लोभ नगर्ने / धनको लोभ
Transliteration: dhanko lobh nagarne / dhanko lobh
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ἀφιλάργυρος / φιλαργυρία
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Occurs at 3:3 (negated, of overseers) and 6:10 (‘a root of all kinds of evils’).
Manage Lead
Approved rendering: अगुवाई गर्नु / व्यवस्थापन गर्नु
Transliteration: aguwai garnu / vyavasthapan garnu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: προΐστημι
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Recurs at 3:4-5, 3:12, and 5:17 (‘rule well’). Household management functions as the visible, testable analogy for church leadership competence.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरको घर
Transliteration: Parameshwarko ghar
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: οἶκος θεοῦ
Category: Church
New term. Occurs at 3:15. Corrective to caste- or clan-based household identity; believers belong to God’s own family regardless of social lineage.
Submission
Approved rendering: अधीनता
Transliteration: adhinata
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ὑποταγή
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:4, of a leader’s children. Must be taught as willing, loving responsiveness, not exploited to reinforce existing rigid patriarchal or caste-based household hierarchies in Nepali society.
Greedy For Dishonest Gain
Approved rendering: अनुचित लाभको लोभ गर्ने
Transliteration: anuchit labhko lobh garne
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: αἰσχροκερδής
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Occurs at 3:8, echoing the letter’s later warning against treating godliness as ‘a means of gain’ (6:5).
Boldness
Approved rendering: साहस
Transliteration: sahas
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: παρρησία
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 3:13. Given Nepal’s current legal restrictions on proselytizing under the 2017 Muluki Criminal Code, this promised boldness carries direct, present-day pastoral and legal weight for Nepali deacons and elders.
Pillar
Approved rendering: खम्बा
Transliteration: khamba
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος
Category: Church
New term. Occurs at 3:15. Nepal’s Hindu temple architecture (Pashupatinath, Changu Narayan) makes ‘pillar’ imagery culturally vivid; teaching must ensure this is the church’s function of supporting revealed truth, not a physical temple structure.
Foundation Buttress
Approved rendering: जग / आधार
Transliteration: jag / aadhar
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἑδραίωμα
Category: Church
New term. Occurs at 3:15, paired with pillar; describes the church’s stabilizing, load-bearing role for the truth of the gospel.
Ascension
Approved rendering: स्वर्गारोहण
Transliteration: swargarohan
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Christology
New term. Occurs at 3:16. Avoid light-radiance phrasing that could echo Kathmandu Valley living-goddess/Tantric divine-radiance imagery, the same caution the baseline records for महिमा generally.
Depart From Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वासबाट तर्किनु
Transliteration: vishwasbata tarkinu
Doctrine: Apostasy and Perseverance in the Faith
Rejected alternatives: धर्मत्याग
Original: ἀφίστημι τῆς πίστεως
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 4:1, naming the doctrine of apostasy as a future certainty and grounding the letter’s urgency about sound doctrine. Never धर्मत्याग (धर्म root forbidden).
Deceiving Spirits
Approved rendering: छलपूर्ण आत्माहरू
Transliteration: chhalpurna atmaharu
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Reality of Satan
Original: πνεύματα πλάνα
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Occurs at 4:1; names a spiritual, not merely intellectual, source behind false teaching.
Teachings Of Demons
Approved rendering: दुष्ट आत्माहरूका सिद्धान्त
Transliteration: dushta atmaharuka siddhanta
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Reality of Satan
Rejected alternatives: भूत-प्रेतका कुरा
Original: διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Occurs at 4:1. δαιμόνιον rendered दुष्ट आत्मा (evil/wicked spirit), not भूत-प्रेत, the everyday Nepali folk-religious term for ghosts/spirits addressed by jhankri shamans, to keep the biblical concept distinct from indigenous animist spirit-affliction beliefs.
Elder
Approved rendering: वृद्ध / पाका (generic) / प्राचीन (office)
Transliteration: vriddha / paaka / prachin
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Two distinct senses within 5:1-2, 5:17, 5:19, parallel to the baseline’s context-sensitive treatment of ‘called.’ Translators must determine which sense is active per occurrence.
Widow
Approved rendering: विधवा
Transliteration: bidhuwa
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα
Category: Widows and Social Care
New term. Occurs throughout 5:3-16. Nepali Hindu tradition has historically imposed significant social stigma on widows (remarriage restrictions, distinctive dress, marginalization, and the historic practice of sati, abolished 1920); this doctrine’s positive, structured, dignifying care must be taught with that cultural contrast made explicit.
Bondservant
Approved rendering: दास
Transliteration: das
Doctrine: Household and Social Order (Masters and Bondservants)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Household and Social Order
New term. Occurs at 6:1-2. Given Nepal’s own historical bonded-labor system (the Kamaiya system, formally abolished only in 2000), teaching must clarify the first-century social context without appearing to endorse any form of bonded servitude, historical or contemporary.
Means Of Gain
Approved rendering: लाभको माध्यम
Transliteration: labhko madhyam
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: πορισμός
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Occurs at 6:5; directly names a prosperity-oriented distortion of godliness, relevant wherever prosperity-gospel-style teaching is present in the Nepali church context.
Confession
Approved rendering: अंगीकार / उत्तम अंगीकार
Transliteration: angikar / uttam angikar
Doctrine: Confession of Faith and Assurance
Original: ὁμολογία
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 6:12-13 (‘the good confession’), echoing the baseline’s Critical-risk Romans 10:9 ‘Jesus is Lord’ confession (येशू प्रभु हुनुहुन्छ); should be taught alongside that verse with identical doctrinal weight.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: अनन्त जीवन
Transliteration: ananta jiwan
Doctrine: Eschatological Hope (Eternal Life and Christ’s Appearing)
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष, निर्वाण
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
New term. Occurs at 6:12, 6:19. Must be distinguished from Hindu concepts of the ātman’s eventual union with Brahman across rebirths and from Buddhist frameworks in which continuous existence is itself the problem; never मोक्ष or निर्वाण.
Only Sovereign
Approved rendering: एकमात्र शासक
Transliteration: ekmatra shasak
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism (the Only God)
Original: μόνος δυνάστης
Category: God
New term. Occurs at 6:15, reasserting exclusive monotheism (echoing 1:17) in a doxological climax.
Deposit Entrusted
Approved rendering: थाती
Transliteration: thati
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 6:20. थाती is an ordinary secular Nepali legal/financial term for a trust deposit, chosen to give vivid, concrete force to Paul’s metaphor without importing competing religious connotation.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेरित
Transliteration: prerit
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Paul’s apostolic authority (1:1; 2:7) grounds his right to charge Timothy and regulate church order; distinguish from a generic guru or spiritual teacher role.
Church
Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: mandali
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: मन्दिर, गुम्बा
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Base term underlying the Critical-risk compound ‘church of the living God’ (3:15) new to this curriculum; never मन्दिर or गुम्बा.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: अन्यजाति
Transliteration: anyajati
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Used of Paul’s teaching role (2:7) and the gospel’s proclamation ‘among the nations’ (3:16).
Intercession
Approved rendering: मध्यस्थता
Transliteration: madhyasthata
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. One of four commended prayer-terms in 2:1, offered specifically for rulers and all people; distinct from the new Critical-risk term मध्यस्थ (mediator, Christological, singular and exclusive).
Mission
Approved rendering: सुसमाचार प्रचार
Transliteration: susamachar prachar
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / κήρυξ
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies Paul’s self-description as ‘a preacher and apostle’ (2:7) and the gospel’s proclamation ‘among the nations’ (3:16); Nepal’s 2017 Muluki Criminal Code restrictions on proselytizing remain a live pastoral concern for 1 Timothy 3:13’s ‘boldness’ as well.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: आत्मिक वरदान
Transliteration: atmik varadan
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: वरदान
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Timothy’s own ministry gift, received through prophecy and the laying on of hands (4:14); not merit-earned power or tantric siddhi.
Love
Approved rendering: प्रेम
Transliteration: prem
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Rejected alternatives: माया
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Church
New term. The named goal of sound teaching alongside a pure heart and good conscience (1:5). प्रेम is distinguished from माया, which carries a broader, sometimes romantic or worldly-attachment sense.
Conscience
Approved rendering: विवेक
Transliteration: vivek
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: अन्तस्करण, अन्तरात्मा
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Faith
New term. Recurs across the letter (1:5, 1:19; 3:9; 4:2) as a marker of doctrinal-moral integrity. विवेक is chosen over अन्तस्करण (heavier Samkhya/Vedanta metaphysical baggage) and अन्तरात्मा (risks Upanishadic ‘inner Self’ collision); native-speaker monitoring still advised.
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: विश्वासयोग्य वचन
Transliteration: vishwasyogya vachan
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New fixed formula. Occurs at 1:15; 3:1; 4:9. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence so learners recognize it as a technical marker of the guarded apostolic deposit, not personal opinion.
Above Reproach
Approved rendering: निष्कलंक / दोषरहित
Transliteration: nishkalank / dosharahit
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:2 and 3:10 (near-synonym). Denotes verifiable public integrity, not sinless perfection.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: सचेत / होसमा रहने
Transliteration: sachet / hosma rahne
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νηφάλιος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:2 and 3:11 (applied to both overseers and their wives).
Respectable
Approved rendering: मर्यादित
Transliteration: maryadit
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: κόσμιος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 2:9 (of dress) and 3:2 (of character).
Hospitable
Approved rendering: अतिथि-प्रेमी / अतिथि सेवा
Transliteration: atithi-premi / atithi sewa
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: φιλόξενος / φιλοξενία
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:2 and 5:10. Positive resonance with Nepali guest-honor norms is possible but must be taught as active, costly welcome to the outsider, not mere social courtesy.
Not Contentious
Approved rendering: नझगडिने
Transliteration: najhagadine
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: शान्तिप्रेमी
Original: ἄμαχος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:3. Deliberately not rendered with a शान्ति-rooted word, to avoid collapsing a character trait into the baseline’s reserved soteriological term.
Household
Approved rendering: घर
Transliteration: ghar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: οἶκος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:4-5, 3:12. Anticipates the metaphorical extension to ‘the household of God’ (3:15).
Care For Pastoral
Approved rendering: हेरचाह गर्नु
Transliteration: herchah garnu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπιμελέομαι
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:5, describing diligent stewardship, not distant administration.
New Convert
Approved rendering: नयाँ विश्वासी
Transliteration: naya vishwasi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νεόφυτος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:6; spiritual maturity, not enthusiasm, is required for oversight.
Puffed Up Conceit
Approved rendering: घमण्डी हुनु
Transliteration: ghamandi hunu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τυφόομαι
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:6; premature elevation to office breeds spiritual danger, not honor.
Good Testimony
Approved rendering: असल गवाही / राम्रो नाम
Transliteration: asal gawahi / ramro naam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μαρτυρία καλή
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:7. Nepal’s strong honor-shame social dynamics make this qualification especially weighty; native-speaker review recommended.
Double Tongued
Approved rendering: दोहोरो कुरा गर्ने
Transliteration: dohoro kura garne
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δίλογος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:8; trustworthy speech is required for those who handle church resources and communication.
Given To Much Wine
Approved rendering: धेरै रक्सीको लत लागेको / मद्यपी
Transliteration: dherai raksiko lat lageko / madyapi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: οἴνῳ πολλῷ προσέχοντας / πάροινος
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:3, 3:8. Several Nepali ethnic communities (Newar, Gurung, Rai, Limbu, Tamang) incorporate customary ritual alcohol use; must be taught as addressing habitual excess/addiction, not blanket condemnation of ethnic custom.
Clear Conscience
Approved rendering: स्वच्छ विवेक
Transliteration: swachchha vivek
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध विवेक
Original: καθαρὰ συνείδησις
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:9. स्वच्छ is chosen deliberately over शुद्ध, which the baseline already flags for ritual-purity connotations, keeping this moral and relational rather than ceremonial.
Tested
Approved rendering: जाँच गर्नु
Transliteration: jaanch garnu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δοκιμάζω
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:10. Church office is entered through tested, observable character, not self-appointment or hereditary/caste status.
Slanderer
Approved rendering: निन्दा गर्ने
Transliteration: ninda garne
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάβολος (adjectival)
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:11 (adjectival διάβολος). Preserve the root-echo with शैतान (3:6-7) in teaching notes without using शैतान itself as the rendering here, which would overstate the sense.
Good Standing
Approved rendering: राम्रो प्रतिष्ठा
Transliteration: ramro pratistha
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: βαθμὸν καλόν
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 3:13; faithful service yields spiritual, not merely social, standing.
Truth
Approved rendering: सत्य
Transliteration: satya
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 3:15. सत्य is also significant in Hindu philosophical and Gandhian ethical vocabulary (Satyagraha); context must make clear this is the specific, revealed truth of the gospel, qualified as सुसमाचारको सत्य where ambiguity is possible.
Angel
Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: swargadoot
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: देवता
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Christology
New term. Occurs at 3:16. स्वर्गदूत is the established Nepali Christian term; never देवता, which implies a Hindu/Buddhist deity or celestial being.
Council Of Elders
Approved rendering: प्राचीनहरूको समूह
Transliteration: prachinharuko samuha
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβυτέριον
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 4:14, marking corporate, plural church governance, not a solitary or hereditary office.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: हात राख्ने कार्य
Transliteration: hat rakhne karya
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 4:14 and 5:22; a physical, corporate act marking recognized ministry commissioning.
Wife Of One Husband
Approved rendering: एक पतिकी पत्नी
Transliteration: ek patiki patni
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: μονάνδρος γυνή
Category: Widows and Social Care
New term. Occurs at 5:9, paralleling the male leadership qualification of 3:2.
Double Honor
Approved rendering: दोहोरो आदर
Transliteration: dohoro aadar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διπλῆ τιμή
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 5:17-18, tying material support for elders to their doctrinal labor.
Witness Legal
Approved rendering: साक्षी
Transliteration: sakshi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μάρτυς
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 5:19, protecting church leaders from unsubstantiated accusation within church discipline.
Rebuke
Approved rendering: हप्काउनु / अनुशासन गर्नु
Transliteration: hapkaunu / anushasan garnu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 5:20, balancing due process with real accountability for church leaders.
Partiality
Approved rendering: पक्षपात
Transliteration: pakshapat
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρόκρισις
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 5:21, requiring impartial justice within the church’s internal discipline process.
Pure Moral
Approved rendering: निर्मल
Transliteration: nirmal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध
Original: ἁγνός
Category: Church Leadership
New term. Occurs at 5:22. निर्मल is chosen deliberately over शुद्ध, which the baseline flags for ritual-purity connotations, to keep the sense moral rather than ceremonial.
Master Human
Approved rendering: मालिक
Transliteration: malik
Doctrine: Household and Social Order (Masters and Bondservants)
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Household and Social Order
New term. Occurs at 6:1-2. The baseline reserves मालिक against use for κύριος/‘Lord’ (God/Christ); in this purely human-master context मालिक is correct and safe, but the two usages must never be confused.
Contentment
Approved rendering: सन्तोष
Transliteration: santosh
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Occurs at 6:6 (‘godliness with contentment is great gain’), redefining true gain away from material profit.
Ruin And Destruction
Approved rendering: विनाश र सर्वनाश
Transliteration: vinash ra sarvanash
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ὄλεθρος καὶ ἀπώλεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term. Occurs at 6:9; serious, not merely social, consequence of the love of money.
Appearing
Approved rendering: प्रकटन
Transliteration: prakatan
Doctrine: Eschatological Hope (Eternal Life and Christ’s Appearing)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Eschatology
New term. Occurs at 6:14, the horizon toward which Timothy’s charge is kept.
Unapproachable Light
Approved rendering: अगम्य ज्योति
Transliteration: agamya jyoti
Doctrine: Exclusive Monotheism (the Only God)
Original: φῶς ἀπρόσιτον
Category: God
New term. Occurs at 6:16. Same caution as the baseline’s महिमा entry regarding Kathmandu Valley Tantric/living-goddess divine-radiance associations; keep firmly anchored to परमेश्वर in context.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: अगमवक्ता
Transliteration: agamavakta
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषी
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Background term for the prophecy accompanying Timothy’s commissioning (4:14).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: अगमवाणी
Transliteration: agamavani
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Accompanied the laying on of hands in Timothy’s commissioning (1:18; 4:14).
Exhort
Approved rendering: उत्साहित पार्नु
Transliteration: utsahit parnu
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive: बिन्ती गर्नु for entreaty (used in 2:1’s प्रार्थना list); उत्साहित पार्नु for encouragement/building up (opens the letter’s charge, 1:3).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धन्यवाद
Transliteration: dhanyavad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. One of the four commended prayer-terms in public worship (2:1).
Empty Chatter
Approved rendering: व्यर्थका कुराहरू
Transliteration: byarthaka kuraharu
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: κενοφωνία
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. Occurs at 6:20, contrasted with the substantial, guarded content of true apostolic doctrine.
Referenced passages