Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Philippians (English → Nepali)

This glossary lists every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, across all four chapters of Philippians. Terms already fixed in the Romans baseline (translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json) are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and carry their exact recorded Nepali rendering with no modification. New terms introduced by the Philippians curriculum are marked [NEW] and are proposed here for addition to translation memory, pending the standard theologian/native-speaker review routing per risk tier.

Risk tiers and review routing follow the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json conventions exactly: Critical/High → Human theologian review; Medium → Native speaker review; Low → Automated review.

Category 1: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)

Term	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
God	θεός	theos	परमेश्वर	[BASELINE REUSE]	Critical	Deity of Christ	भगवान	No change from Romans baseline.
form of God	μορφὴ θεοῦ	morphē theou	परमेश्वरको स्वरूप	[NEW]	Critical	Incarnation / Deity of Christ	बाह्य रूप, अवतार-रूप	रूप alone risks conflation with Hindu avatāra-रूप (Vishnu’s “ten forms”). स्वरूप preferred but requires mandatory footnote clarifying eternal, essential possession of deity, not one form among several a deity assumes.
existing / being (pre-existent state)	ὑπάρχων	hyparchōn	हुनुहुँदा / हुनुहुन्थ्यो	[NEW]	High	Deity of Christ	—	Must convey settled prior/continuous existence, not a newly-acquired or transitional state.
a thing to be grasped	ἁρπαγμός	harpagmos	समातिराख्नुपर्ने कुरा	[NEW]	High	Deity of Christ	—	Christ possessed, and voluntarily set aside outward exercise of, equality with God — not that he lacked and refrained from seizing it.
equal with God	ἴσα θεῷ	isa theō	परमेश्वरसँग समान	[NEW]	Critical	Deity of Christ / Sonship of Christ	—	Direct continuity with baseline deity_of_christ / son_of_god entries.
emptied himself (kenosis)	ἐκένωσεν	ekenōsen	आफैलाई रित्याउनुभयो	[NEW]	Critical	Incarnation (Kenosis)	—	Christ emptied himself of outward privileges/prerogatives of deity by taking servant-form and true humanity; did NOT cease to be, or become less than, fully God. Mandatory footnote every occurrence.
form of a servant/slave	μορφὴν δούλου	morphēn doulou	दासको स्वरूप	[NEW]	High	Incarnation / Humanity of Christ	सेवकको रूप	दास (bond-slave) is theologically stronger/accurate than सेवक (hired servant); preserves Paul’s μορφή-contrast with 2:6. Note residual Nepali social-historical weight of दास (slavery abolished 1924; caste-adjacent associations).
likeness of men	ὁμοίωμα ἀνθρώπων	homoiōma anthrōpōn	मानिसहरूको स्वरूपमा / मानिस-सद्रश्यमा	[NEW]	High	Humanity of Christ	—	Real, full humanity — not illusory appearance (guard against docetic reading and against Hindu māyā/Buddhist illusion-of-form associations).
outward form/appearance	σχῆμα	schēma	बाहिरी रूप/स्वरूप	[NEW]	Medium	Incarnation	—	Distinct from μορφή (essential nature); outward observable appearance only.
he humbled himself	ἐταπείνωσεν ἑαυτόν	etapeinōsen heauton	आफैलाई नम्र पार्नुभयो	[NEW]	High	Unity and Humility / Incarnation	—	Must share नम्र root with 2:3’s ताप्नोफ्रोसुनी for structural consistency.
obedient	ὑπήκοος	hypēkoos	आज्ञाकारी	[NEW]	Medium	Obedience of Faith (extension)	—	Continuous with baseline obedience_of_faith आज्ञाकारिता root.
death, even death of a cross	θάνατος… σταυρός	thanatos… stauros	मृत्युसम्मै, र क्रूसको मृत्युसम्मै	[NEW/reuse of established terms]	High	Incarnation / Atonement	—	मृत्यु standard; क्रूस established Nepali Christian transliteration. Preserve escalating repetition in translation.
highly exalted	ὑπερύψωσεν	hyperypsōsen	अत्युच्च पार्नुभयो	[NEW]	High	Deity/Lordship of Christ	—	An action God performs toward Christ (gift), not a self-attained status — guard against karma/merit or path-attainment framing.
the name above every name	ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα	onoma to hyper pan onoma	हरेक नाउँभन्दा उच्च नाउँ	[NEW]	Medium	Lordship of Christ	—	—
every knee shall bow	πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ	pan gony kampsē	हरेक घुँडा निहुरिनेछ	[NEW]	Medium	Lordship of Christ	—	Clarify exclusive worship-homage to Jesus, not analogous to bowing before other deities/idols.
heavenly, earthly, under the earth	ἐπουρανίων, ἐπιγείων, καταχθονίων	epouraniōn, epigeiōn, katachthoniōn	स्वर्गमा भएका, पृथ्वीमा भएका, पृथ्वीमुनि भएका	[NEW]	High	Lordship of Christ	—	Affirms Christ’s Lordship over every realm/being, not an independent populated cosmology of rival gods/spirits.
confess	ἐξομολογέομαι	exomologeomai	स्वीकार गर्नु / अंगीकार गर्नु	[NEW]	High	Lordship of Christ	—	Cross-reference with Romans 10:9’s येशू प्रभु हुनुहुन्छ confession formula.
Lord Jesus Christ	Κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστός	Kyrios Iēsous Christos	प्रभु येशू ख्रीष्ट	[BASELINE REUSE: लर्ड/येशू; NEW: ख्रीष्ट transliteration]	Critical	Lordship of Christ	—	प्रभु, येशू per baseline; ख्रीष्ट per established Nepali Christian transliteration table.
glory of God the Father	δόξα θεοῦ πατρός	doxa theou patros	परमेश्वर पिताको महिमा	[BASELINE REUSE]	High	Deity of Christ / Trinity	—	महिमा, पिता, परमेश्वर unchanged from baseline.

Category 2: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
joy	χαρά	chara	आनन्द	[NEW]	High	Joy in Suffering	खुशी (considered, less established in Christian usage)	आनन्द is established Nepali Christian-hymnody usage but collides with Vedantic sat-chit-ananda “bliss” and Buddhist meditative-bliss vocabulary. Must always be anchored explicitly to Christ/circumstance.
bond-servant/slave	δοῦλος	doulos	दास	[NEW]	High	Incarnation (paired) / Ministry Identity	सेवक	Paul’s self-designation (1:1) deliberately anticipates Christ’s δοῦλος status in 2:7.
bonds/chains/imprisonment	δεσμά	desma	बन्धन / साङ्गलाहरू	[NEW]	High	Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment	—	Must remain concrete/literal, not softened to a vague metaphor for “difficulty.”
defense (of the gospel)	ἀπολογία	apologia	सुसमाचारको प्रतिरक्षा/बचाउ	[NEW]	Medium	Joy in Suffering / Gospel	—	—
to live is Christ, to die is gain	τὸ ζῆν Χριστός, τὸ ἀποθανεῖν κέρδος	to zēn Christos, to apothanein kerdos	बाँच्नु ख्रीष्ट हो, र मर्नु लाभ हो	[NEW]	High	Joy in Suffering / Contentment	—	High-use pastoral verse; render identically across all curriculum documents.
struggle/conflict	ἀγών	agōn	सङ्घर्ष	[NEW]	Low	Joy in Suffering	—	—
fellowship of his sufferings	κοινωνία παθημάτων αὐτοῦ	koinōnia pathēmatōn autou	उहाँका दुःखहरूमा सहभागिता	[BASELINE REUSE: सहभागिता; NEW: full phrase]	High	Joy in Suffering	—	Sharing in Christ’s sufferings framed as sought privilege, not merely endured burden.
poured out as a libation	σπένδομαι	spendomai	बलिको रूपमा खन्याइनु	[NEW]	Medium-High	Joy in Suffering / Sacrifice	—	Must be framed as figurative self-sacrificial devotion joined to Christ’s completed sacrifice, not a parallel to ongoing ritual libation to a deity.

Category 3: Unity and Humility in the Church

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
encouragement	παράκλησις	paraklēsis	उत्साह / प्रोत्साहन	[NEW]	Low	Unity	—	Must stay tied to “ख्रीष्टमा.”
fellowship of the Spirit	κοινωνία πνεύματος	koinōnia pneumatos	आत्माको सहभागिता	[BASELINE REUSE: सहभागिता, पवित्र आत्मा]	Medium	Unity	—	Spirit-wrought union, not mere social camaraderie.
affection/compassion	σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί	splanchna kai oiktirmoi	स्नेह र दया	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Unity	कृपा (avoid — reserve for grace-adjacent contexts only)	दया preferred over कृपा to avoid confusion with अनुग्रह.
same mind / mindset	φρονέω	phroneō	मनसाय राख्नु / एउटै मनको हुनु	[NEW]	Medium	Unity and Humility	—	Must use identical root in 2:2 and 2:5 to preserve the structural link to Christ’s own mindset.
united in soul	σύμψυχος	sympsychos	एक मनका	[NEW]	Low	Unity	—	—
selfish ambition	ἐριθεία	eritheia	स्वार्थी इच्छा	[NEW]	Low	Unity and Humility	—	—
empty conceit	κενοδοξία	kenodoxia	व्यर्थको घमण्ड / खोक्रो अहंकार	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Unity and Humility	—	Deliberate wordplay with ἐκένωσεν (2:7) — worth a teaching note even though untranslatable as a pun.
humility	ταπεινοφροσύνη	tapeinophrosynē	नम्रता	[NEW]	High	Unity and Humility in the Church	—	Must be kept distinct from Hindu/Buddhist ascetic self-abnegation-for-merit ideal; biblical humility is other-regarding status-lowering for unity/service.
considering others more significant	ἡγούμενοι ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν	hēgoumenoi hyperechontas heautōn	अरूलाई आफूभन्दा उच्च ठान्ने	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Unity and Humility	—	Handle “उच्च” language carefully in a caste-conscious social context.
looking to one’s own/others’ interests	σκοπέω	skopeō	ध्यान दिने / वास्ता गर्ने	[NEW]	Low	Unity	—	—
overseers	ἐπίσκοπος	episkopos	अध्यक्ष / अगुवा	[NEW]	Medium	Church Order	पुजारी, लामा, गुरु	Avoid Hindu-priestly or Buddhist-monastic-hierarchy associations.
deacons	διάκονος	diakonos	सेवक / डिकन	[NEW]	Medium	Church Order	—	Distinguish from दास (2:7) — office of service, not total ownership-relationship.
without grumbling	γογγυσμός	goggysmos	गनगन/बडबडाइ बिना	[NEW]	Low	Unity	—	OT wilderness-generation allusion.
blameless, pure, children of God	ἄμεμπτος, ἀκέραιος, τέκνα θεοῦ	amemptos, akeraios, tekna theou	निर्दोष र निष्खोट, परमेश्वरका सन्तान	[NEW]	Medium	Unity / Sonship (general)	—	Distinct from technical दत्तक पुत्रता (adoption) baseline term — broader relational “children” designation.

Category 4: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
righteousness	δικαιοσύνη	dikaiosynē	धार्मिकता	[BASELINE REUSE]	Critical	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	धर्म, पुण्य	No change; direct textual anchor is Phil 3:6, 3:9.
law	νόμος	nomos	व्यवस्था	[BASELINE REUSE]	High	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	धर्म, नियम	No change.
faith	πίστις	pistis	विश्वास	[BASELINE REUSE]	High	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	श्रद्धा, भक्ति	No change.
circumcision	περιτομή	peritomē	खतना	[NEW]	Medium	Law	—	Established Nepali Bible term.
flesh (self-reliant human effort)	σάρξ	sarx	शरीर / मानवीय भरोसा	[NEW]	High	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	—	Distinguish from ascetic flesh-denial frameworks; Paul’s point is credentials, not body-negativity.
Pharisee	Φαρισαῖος	Pharisaios	फरिसी	[NEW]	Low	Law	—	Established transliteration.
zeal	ζῆλος	zēlos	जोश/उत्साह	[NEW]	Low	Law	—	—
rubbish/refuse	σκύβαλα	skybala	फोहोर/जूठो कुरा	[NEW]	Medium	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	—	Retain coarse intensity; Paul’s strongest pejorative.
loss	ζημία	zēmia	हानि	[NEW]	Low	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	—	—
knowledge of Christ	γνῶσις/ἐπίγνωσις Χριστοῦ	gnōsis/epignōsis Christou	ख्रीष्टको ज्ञान/चिनजान	[NEW]	Medium	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	—	Relational/experiential register; avoid esoteric-gnostic connotations.
power of his resurrection	δύναμις τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ	dynamis tēs anastaseōs autou	उहाँको पुनरुत्थानको सामर्थ्य	[BASELINE REUSE: सामर्थ्य, पुनरुत्थान]	Critical	Resurrection / Power of God	शक्ति, पुनर्जन्म	Both baseline forbidden-substitution rules apply in one phrase — double-check in validation.
mature/perfect	τέλειος	teleios	परिपक्व	[NEW]	Critical	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law / Pressing On	सिद्ध	सिद्ध (siddha) collides with the Hindu/Buddhist Tantric “accomplished adept” concept (सिद्धि); avoid entirely in this passage.

Category 5: Contentment in All Circumstances

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
content/self-sufficient	αὐτάρκης	autarkēs	सन्तुष्ट	[NEW]	Critical	Contentment in All Circumstances	—	संतोष is a formal Hindu yogic niyama (Patanjali) achieved through self-effort/detachment; Paul’s contentment is explicitly Christ-dependent (4:13). Mandatory footnote anchoring 4:11 to 4:13.
through him who strengthens me	ἐν τῷ ἐνδυναμοῦντί με	en tō endynamounti me	मलाई सामर्थ्य दिनुहुनेद्वारा	[BASELINE REUSE: सामर्थ्य root]	Critical	Contentment / Power of God	शक्ति	Never शक्ति; this verse is the theological anchor preventing 4:11 from collapsing into self-achieved detachment.
to be brought low and to abound	ταπεινοῦσθαι καὶ περισσεύειν	tapeinousthai kai perisseuein	होचो हुनु र प्रशस्त हुनु	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Contentment	—	Shares ताप्नो- root with 2:3/2:8 humility vocabulary (circumstantial hardship, not voluntary self-emptying).
do not be anxious	μηδὲν μεριμνᾶτε	mēden merimnate	केही कुराको पनि चिन्ता नगर्नू	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Contentment	—	—
peace of God surpassing understanding	εἰρήνη τοῦ θεοῦ ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦν	eirēnē tou theou hē hyperechousa panta noun	बुद्धिले नबुझ्ने परमेश्वरको शान्ति	[BASELINE REUSE: शान्ति, परमेश्वर]	Medium-High	Contentment / Peace with God	—	Relational peace exceeding human reasoning, not meditative transcendence-of-thought.
gentleness/reasonableness	ἐπιείκεια	epieikeia	नरमता/सहनशीलता	[NEW]	Low	Contentment	—	—
whatever is true, just, pure	ἀληθῆ, δίκαια, ἁγνά	alēthē, dikaia, hagna	सत्य, न्यायोचित, शुद्ध	[NEW]	Low-Medium	General Ethics	—	δίκαια here is general “just conduct,” not the technical righteousness doctrine of ch. 3 — brief note to avoid importing Critical-risk weight.
God will supply every need	ὁ θεός μου πληρώσει πᾶσαν χρείαν	ho theos mou plērōsei pasan chreian	मेरा परमेश्वरले हरेक खाँचो पूरा गर्नुहुनेछ	[BASELINE REUSE: परमेश्वर]	Critical	Contentment / Providence	भगवान	No change.

Category 6: Citizenship in Heaven

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
citizenship / commonwealth	πολίτευμα	politeuma	स्वर्गमा हाम्रो नागरिकता	[NEW]	High	Citizenship in Heaven	—	नागरिकता is politically loaded in contemporary Nepal (contested citizenship law/politics); teach as reoriented ultimate allegiance, not disregard of earthly civic duty or comment on domestic citizenship debates.
enemies of the cross	ἐχθροὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ	echthroi tou staurou	क्रूसका शत्रुहरू	[NEW]	Medium	Citizenship in Heaven	—	—
their god is their belly	ὧν ὁ θεὸς ἡ κοιλία	hōn ho theos hē koilia	तिनीहरूको देवता तिनीहरूको पेट हो	[NEW]	Medium-High	Citizenship in Heaven	परमेश्वर, भगवान	देवता (not परमेश्वर/भगवान) correctly marks this as Paul’s ironic naming of a false, illegitimate object of devotion.
will transform our lowly body	μετασχηματίσει τὸ σῶμα τῆς ταπεινώσεως… σύμμορφον τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης	metaschēmatisei… symmorphon… doxēs	हाम्रो होचो शरीरलाई उहाँको महिमित शरीर जस्तै बनाउनुहुनेछ	[BASELINE REUSE: महिमा]	High	Resurrection / Citizenship in Heaven	—	Retain bodily, real transformation language; avoid disembodied-afterlife framing.

Category 7: Partnership in the Gospel

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
gospel	εὐαγγέλιον	euangelion	सुसमाचार	[BASELINE REUSE]	High	Partnership in the Gospel	खुशखबरी	No change.
fellowship/partnership	κοινωνία	koinōnia	सहभागिता	[BASELINE REUSE]	Low	Partnership in the Gospel	मित्रता	No change.
partnership in the gospel	κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον	koinōnia eis to euangelion	सुसमाचारमा सहभागिता	[NEW combination of baseline terms]	High	Partnership in the Gospel	—	Financially/materially embodied co-laboring, not sentimental fellowship alone; handle with the baseline’s evangelism/mission legal-sensitivity given Nepal’s 2017 Muluki Criminal Code.
giving and receiving	δόσις καὶ λῆψις	dosis kai lēpsis	दिने र लिने काम	[NEW]	Low	Partnership in the Gospel	—	—
minister/servant	λειτουργός	leitourgos	सेवक	[NEW]	Low	Partnership in the Gospel	—	—
sacrifice and service of faith	θυσία καὶ λειτουργία τῆς πίστεως	thysia kai leitourgia tēs pisteōs	विश्वासको बलिदान र सेवा	[BASELINE REUSE: विश्वास]	Medium	Partnership in the Gospel	—	—

Category 8: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ

Term	Original	Transliteration	Nepali Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
I press on / pursue	διώκω	diōkō	लक्ष्यतिर अघि बढ्नु / पछ्याउनु	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Pressing on toward the Goal	—	—
the goal	σκοπός	skopos	लक्ष्य	[NEW]	Low	Pressing on toward the Goal	—	Cognate of σκοπέω (2:4); differs in sense, no shared rendering required.
the prize	βραβεῖον	brabeion	पुरस्कार	[NEW]	Low	Pressing on toward the Goal	—	—
upward call of God	ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις	hē anō klēsis	माथिको बोलावट	[BASELINE REUSE: बोलावट]	High	Pressing on / Effectual Calling	—	Eschatological completion of the same sovereign calling treated as Critical/High throughout Romans.
work out your salvation	κατεργάζεσθε τὴν σωτηρίαν	katergazesthe tēn sōtērian	आफ्नो उद्धारलाई पूरा गर्दै जाओ	[BASELINE REUSE: उद्धार]	Critical	Pressing on / Sanctification vs. Grace	—	Outworking of salvation already given by grace, NOT earning salvation. Mandatory footnote every occurrence.
conformed to his death	συμμορφιζόμενος τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτοῦ	symmorphizomenos tō thanatō autou	उहाँको मृत्युसँग समान आकार पाउँदै	[NEW]	Medium	Pressing on / Union with Christ	—	Shares μορφ- root with 2:6–7 kenosis vocabulary.
word of life	λόγος ζωῆς	logos zōēs	जीवनको वचन	[NEW]	Medium	Pressing on / Gospel	—	Gospel-synonymous phrase.
day of Christ	ἡμέρα Χριστοῦ	hēmera Christou	ख्रीष्टको दिन	[NEW]	Medium	Pressing on toward the Goal	—	Eschatological reference point.
fruit of righteousness	καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης	karpos dikaiosynēs	धार्मिकताको फल	[BASELINE REUSE: धार्मिकता]	Critical	Pressing on / Righteousness	—	No change.

Cross-Cutting / General Terms (Reused Unchanged from Romans Baseline)

Term	Nepali	Risk	Notes
God	परमेश्वर	Critical	Never भगवान.
Lord	प्रभु	Critical	Exclusive, supreme Lordship.
Jesus	येशू	Critical	Established form.
Christ	ख्रीष्ट	Critical	Established Nepali Christian transliteration (per requirements doc transliteration table).
Holy Spirit	पवित्र आत्मा	Critical	Never ब्रह्म / परमात्मा.
Father	पिता	Critical	Personal, relational Father.
grace	अनुग्रह	High	Never पुण्य / भाग्य.
faith	विश्वास	High	Never श्रद्धा / भक्ति.
righteousness	धार्मिकता	Critical	Never धर्म.
law	व्यवस्था	High	Never धर्म.
salvation	उद्धार	Critical	Never मुक्ति / मोक्ष / निर्वाण.
resurrection	पुनरुत्थान	Critical	Never पुनर्जन्म.
power of God	परमेश्वरको सामर्थ्य	High	Never शक्ति.
saints	पवित्र जन	High	Never सन्त / साधु.
glory	महिमा	High	Avoid light-metaphor conflation with Tantric radiance imagery.
fellowship	सहभागिता	Low	Distinguish from मित्रता (mere social friendship).
calling	बोलावट	High	Sovereign summons, not karma-destiny.
peace	शान्ति	Medium	Relational peace with God, not meditative calm alone.

New Terms Requiring Translation Memory Addition (Summary List for Phase 2 Ingestion)

The following Philippians-specific terms are proposed for addition to translation_memory.json (version increment required) before Phase 2 segment translation begins. All Critical- and High-risk entries below require human theologian sign-off prior to memory-lock, per the baseline’s Glossary Enforcement Priority Order:

morphē theou → परमेश्वरको स्वरूप (Critical)
ekenōsen → आफैलाई रित्याउनुभयो (Critical)
morphēn doulou → दासको स्वरूप (High)
isa theō → परमेश्वरसँग समान (Critical)
tapeinophrosynē → नम्रता (High)
chara → आनन्द (High)
autarkēs → सन्तुष्ट (Critical)
teleios (in Phil 3 context) → परिपक्व, never सिद्ध (Critical)
politeuma → नागरिकता (heavenly citizenship) (High)
katergazesthe tēn sōtērian → उद्धारलाई पूरा गर्दै जाओ (Critical)
doulos (self-designation) → दास (High)
koinōnia eis to euangelion → सुसमाचारमा सहभागिता (High)
hē koilia (theos) → देवता (ironic false-god usage only) (Medium-High)

Critical Risk Terms

God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never भगवान (state-identity weight from Nepal’s former Hindu Kingdom status and Shah-dynasty avatar-kingship). Used throughout Philippians (1:2, 2:6, 2:9, 2:13, 4:19, etc.).

Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: Prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: मालिक, ईश्वर
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Philippians 2:11’s confessional climax (Κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστός) is directly continuous with Romans 10:9’s येशू प्रभु हुनुहुन्छ; exclusive, supreme Lordship.

Jesus

Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: Yeshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Established Nepali Christian standard form.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Atma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never ब्रह्म or परमात्मा. Governs Philippians 2:1’s κοινωνία πνεύματος (आत्माको सहभागिता) — the personal Spirit’s own union with believers, not an impersonal universal spirit.

Father

Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Philippians 2:11: the Son’s exaltation and universal confession serve the glory of God the Father — Trinitarian, not competitive, glory.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dharmikata
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. NEVER धर्म. Central term of Philippians 3:6-9’s Righteousness by Faith versus the Law doctrine.

Salvation

Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, निर्वाण
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. NEVER मुक्ति, मोक्ष, or निर्वाण. Object of the command in Philippians 2:12, ‘work out your own salvation’ — see work_out_your_salvation entry below for the compound phrase and its mandatory footnote.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: punarutthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. NEVER पुनर्जन्म. Co-occurs with power_of_god in Philippians 3:10, doubling the baseline forbidden-substitution risk in a single phrase — flag for double verification.

Messiah

Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Reserved for explicit messianic-fulfillment contexts, distinct from this package’s christ entry (ख्रीष्ट) used for the name-title form throughout Philippians.

Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: आरोपित धार्मिकता
Transliteration: aropit dharmikata
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: आर्जित धार्मिकता

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Directly continuous with Philippians 3:9’s righteousness ‘through faith in Christ… from God’ — credited, never earned, righteousness.

Christ

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्ट
Transliteration: Khrist
Doctrine: Messianic Promise / Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवपुत्र
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

NEW to this package’s translation memory, though continuous with the Romans baseline’s messiah entry (मसीह). Philippians overwhelmingly uses Χριστός as part of the proper name/title ‘Christ Jesus’/‘Jesus Christ,’ for which the established Nepali Christian transliteration ख्रीष्ट is used. मसीह remains reserved for explicit messianic-promise contexts; ख्रीष्ट is used for the name-title form throughout Philippians (used dozens of times, e.g. 1:1, 1:6, 1:8, 2:5, 2:11, 3:8, 4:13).

Form Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरको स्वरूप
Transliteration: Parameshwarko swarup
Doctrine: Incarnation (Kenosis) / Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: बाह्य रूप, अवतार-रूप, रूप
Original: μορφὴ θεοῦ
Category: Christology

The single most dangerous term-choice in the book (Philippians 2:6). रूप alone is the standard Nepali/Hindi word for Vishnu’s daśāvatāra ‘forms,’ and Nepal’s Shah-dynasty kings were venerated as a living रूप/अवतार of Vishnu within living memory. स्वरूप (essential-nature sense) is mandated. MANDATORY FOOTNOTE every occurrence: [TRANSLATOR NOTE: μορφή θεοῦ rendered परमेश्वरको स्वरूप, not बाह्य रूप or अवतार-रूप; this denotes Christ’s eternal, essential possession of full deity, not one form/avatar among several a deity might assume.]

Equal With God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरसँग समान
Transliteration: Parameshwarsanga saman
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἴσα θεῷ
Category: Christology

ἴσα θεῷ (Philippians 2:6). Direct continuity with baseline deity_of_christ/son_of_god safeguards. Never phrased to reduce Christ to a god among others (भगवान-collision) or one divine emanation among several (Hindu Trimurti/avatāra or Buddhist bodhisattva-hierarchy collision).

Kenosis

Approved rendering: आफैलाई रित्याउनुभयो
Transliteration: aphailai rityaunubhayo
Doctrine: Incarnation (Kenosis)
Original: ἐκένωσεν
Category: Christology

ἐκένωσεν (Philippians 2:7), the doctrinal center of the letter’s self-emptying theme. Christ emptied himself by addition (servant-form, true humanity), not subtraction (ceasing to be divine). MANDATORY FOOTNOTE every occurrence: [TRANSLATOR NOTE: ἐκένωσεν rendered आफैलाई रित्याउनुभयो — Christ emptied himself of the outward privileges/prerogatives of deity by taking a servant’s form and true humanity; this does not mean he ceased to be, or became less than, fully God, and must not be read alongside अवतार-style temporary divine descent.]

Power Of His Resurrection

Approved rendering: उहाँको पुनरुत्थानको सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: uhanko punarutthanko samarthya
Doctrine: Resurrection Power and Bodily Hope
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति, पुनर्जन्म
Original: δύναμις τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ
Category: Eschatology

δύναμις τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ (Philippians 3:10). Both baseline forbidden-substitution rules apply simultaneously in this single phrase — सामर्थ्य never शक्ति; पुनरुत्थान never पुनर्जन्म. Flag for double verification in Phase 2 automated validation.

Mature Perfect

Approved rendering: परिपक्व
Transliteration: paripakwa
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Rejected alternatives: सिद्ध
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification

τέλειος (Philippians 3:12, 3:15). सिद्ध is a technical Nepali Hindu/Buddhist Tantric term for an ‘accomplished/perfected’ yogic adept who attains supernatural powers (सिद्धि) through disciplined practice — the same Tantric complex flagged in the baseline’s power_of_god entry. सिद्ध-family vocabulary is FORBIDDEN in this passage; परिपक्व is mandated. Paul explicitly denies having ‘already attained.‘

Content

Approved rendering: सन्तुष्ट
Transliteration: santushta
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Rejected alternatives: संतोष
Original: αὐτάρκης
Category: Faith

αὐτάρκης (Philippians 4:11). संतोष is a formally named niyama in Patanjali’s Yoga Sūtra tradition, achieved through detachment (वैराग्य) and self-effort. सन्तुष्ट (less technically loaded) is mandated. MANDATORY FOOTNOTE every occurrence, anchoring to 4:13: [TRANSLATOR NOTE: αὐτάρκης rendered सन्तुष्ट — this is contentment sourced in Christ’s sustaining strength (4:13), not the self-achieved detachment-based संतोष of Hindu yogic ethical tradition.]

Him Who Strengthens Me

Approved rendering: मलाई सामर्थ्य दिनुहुने
Transliteration: malai samarthya dinuhune
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति
Original: ὁ ἐνδυναμῶν με
Category: God

ὁ ἐνδυναμῶν με (Philippians 4:13). Never शक्ति. The theological anchor preventing 4:11’s सन्तुष्ट from collapsing into self-achieved detachment; the two verses must always be taught, and where possible translated/cross-referenced, together.

Work Out Your Salvation

Approved rendering: आफ्नो उद्धारलाई पूरा गर्दै जाओ
Transliteration: aphno uddharlai pura gardai jao
Doctrine: Sanctification as Outworking of Salvation
Original: κατεργάζεσθε τὴν ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίαν
Category: Salvation

κατεργάζεσθε τὴν ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίαν (Philippians 2:12), built on baseline उद्धार. MANDATORY FOOTNOTE every occurrence: [TRANSLATOR NOTE: κατεργάζεσθε τὴν σωτηρίαν rendered उद्धारलाई पूरा गर्दै जाओ — this describes the outworking/maturing of a salvation already freely given by grace through faith (2:13, ‘God who works in you’), not salvation earned by effort or accumulated merit.]

Fruit Of Righteousness

Approved rendering: धार्मिकताको फल
Transliteration: dharmikatako phal
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Salvation

καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης (Philippians 1:11), built on baseline धार्मिकता (never धर्म).

God Will Supply Every Need

Approved rendering: मेरा परमेश्वरले हरेक खाँचो पूरा गर्नुहुनेछ
Transliteration: mera Parameshwarle harek khancho pura garnuhunechha
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: ὁ θεός μου πληρώσει πᾶσαν χρείαν ὑμῶν
Category: God

ὁ θεός μου πληρώσει πᾶσαν χρείαν ὑμῶν (Philippians 4:19), built on baseline परमेश्वर (never भगवान) and महिमा.

High Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, पुण्य, भाग्य
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used in Philippians 1:2, 1:7, 4:23 greetings/benedictions, and underlies the χάρις-family verb ἐχαρίσατο in 2:9 (see graciously_gave, new entry below).

Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: vishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ति
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Direct textual anchor for Philippians 3:9’s righteousness-through-faith contrast; never श्रद्धा/भक्ति.

Law

Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: vyavastha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, नियम
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never धर्म. The Mosaic Law Paul contrasts with faith-righteousness in Philippians 3:6, 3:9.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरको सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: Parameshwarko samarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति
Original: δύναμις
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. NEVER शक्ति, given the Newar Tantric Shakta tradition. Critical-severity in Philippians 4:13 (ὁ ἐνδυναμῶν με) because it is the theological anchor preventing 4:11’s αὐτάρκης from collapsing into self-achieved yogic detachment.

Saints

Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: सन्त, साधु
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never सन्त/साधु. Philippians 1:1, ‘to all the saints in Christ Jesus.‘

Glory

Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तेज
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Philippians 1:11, 2:11, 4:19-20. Avoid light-metaphor conflation with Tantric divine-radiance imagery.

Calling

Approved rendering: बोलावट
Transliteration: bolawat
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies Philippians 3:14’s ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις (see upward_call entry below) — a sovereign summons, not karma-determined destiny.

Gospel

Approved rendering: सुसमाचार
Transliteration: susamachar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: खुशखबरी
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to Philippians 1:5, 1:7, 1:12, 1:16, 1:27, 2:22, 4:3, 4:15.

Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वासको आज्ञाकारिता
Transliteration: vishwasko agyakarita
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: धार्मिक कर्तव्य पालन

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The आज्ञा- root family also underlies Philippians 2:8’s ὑπήκοος (Christ’s own obedience unto death — see obedient_unto_death entry below), the archetype of the believer’s obedience of faith.

Pre Existence Of Christ

Approved rendering: हुनुहुँदा / हुनुहुन्थ्यो
Transliteration: hunuhunda / hunuhunthyo
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ὑπάρχων
Category: Christology

ὑπάρχων (Philippians 2:6). Must be rendered with honorific verb forms conveying settled, prior, continuous existence, not a newly acquired or transitional state — otherwise the verse can be misread through an avatar-attainment framework rather than eternal pre-existent deity.

Harpagmos

Approved rendering: समातिराख्नुपर्ने कुरा
Transliteration: samatirakhnuparne kura
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἁρπαγμός
Category: Christology

ἁρπαγμός (Philippians 2:6). Must make clear Christ already possessed equality with God and voluntarily set aside its outward exercise — not that he lacked it and refrained from seizing it. Genuine Greek ambiguity; an incorrect choice reverses the doctrinal point.

Form Of A Servant

Approved rendering: दासको स्वरूप
Transliteration: dasko swarup
Doctrine: Incarnation (Kenosis) / Servant Identity
Rejected alternatives: सेवकको रूप
Original: μορφὴν δούλου
Category: Christology

μορφὴν δούλου (Philippians 2:7). दास (bond-slave) required over सेवक (hired servant) to preserve Paul’s μορφή-contrast with 2:6 and the literary link to Paul’s own δοῦλος self-designation (1:1). दास carries residual Nepali social-historical weight (slavery abolished 1924; caste-adjacent regional associations); Christ’s voluntary, self-chosen servant-status must be clearly distinguished from imposed social slavery or caste servitude.

Likeness Of Men

Approved rendering: मानिसहरूको स्वरूपमा / मानिस-सद्रश्यमा
Transliteration: manisharuko swarupma / manis-sadrishyama
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Original: ὁμοίωμα ἀνθρώπων
Category: Christology

ὁμοίωμα ἀνθρώπων (Philippians 2:7). Must be paired with explanatory clarity that this is real, not illusory, humanity — guarding against a docetic reading echoing Hindu māyā/illusion cosmology or Buddhist teaching on the emptiness of apparent physical form.

Self Humbling

Approved rendering: आफैलाई नम्र पार्नुभयो
Transliteration: aphailai namra parnubhayo
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἐταπείνωσεν ἑαυτόν
Category: Christology

ἐταπείνωσεν ἑαυτόν (Philippians 2:8). Must share the नम्र root with 2:3’s ताप्नोफ्रोसुनी/नम्रता so the reader sees Christ’s action as the very humility the church is commanded to imitate.

Death Of The Cross

Approved rendering: मृत्युसम्मै, र क्रूसको मृत्युसम्मै
Transliteration: mrityusammai, ra krusko mrityusammai
Doctrine: Incarnation (Kenosis)
Original: θάνατος … σταυρός
Category: Christology

θάνατος…σταυρός (Philippians 2:8). मृत्यु standard; क्रूस established Nepali Christian transliteration. Preserve the escalating repetition rather than collapsing into a single phrase, matching the δοῦλος imagery of 2:7 (crucifixion reserved for slaves).

Highly Exalted

Approved rendering: अत्युच्च पार्नुभयो
Transliteration: atyuchcha parnubhayo
Doctrine: Exaltation and Lordship of Christ
Original: ὑπερύψωσεν
Category: Christology

ὑπερύψωσεν (Philippians 2:9). Must be rendered as an action God the Father performs toward Christ (a gift), not a status Christ achieves through effort, merit, or enlightenment attainment — guards against karma/merit or Buddhist path-attainment framing.

Every Realm

Approved rendering: स्वर्गमा भएका, पृथ्वीमा भएका र पृथ्वीमुनि भएका सबै
Transliteration: swargama bhaeka, prithvima bhaeka ra prithvimuni bhaeka sabai
Doctrine: Exaltation and Lordship of Christ
Original: ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ καταχθονίων
Category: Christology

ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ καταχθονίων (Philippians 2:10). Nepal’s Hindu triloka and Buddhist six-realm cosmologies risk this being read as one deity’s homage-claim among many populated, legitimate realms. Must be taught as Christ’s supreme Lordship OVER every such realm and being, not endorsement of an independent rival-god cosmology.

Confess

Approved rendering: स्वीकार गर्नु / अंगीकार गर्नु
Transliteration: swikar garnu / angikar garnu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: ἐξομολογήσηται
Category: Christology

ἐξομολογήσηται (Philippians 2:11). Cross-reference explicitly with the baseline Romans 10:9 confession formula (येशू प्रभु हुनुहुन्छ) for curriculum-wide consistency.

Joy

Approved rendering: आनन्द
Transliteration: anand
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Rejected alternatives: खुशी
Original: χαρά
Category: Faith

χαρά, recurring at least ten times (1:4, 1:18, 1:25, 2:2, 2:17-18, 2:28-29, 3:1, 4:1, 4:4, 4:10). आनन्द is established Christian-hymnody usage but is also load-bearing in Advaita Vedānta (सत्-चित्-आनन्द) and Buddhist meditative-bliss vocabulary. Every occurrence tied to this doctrine must be grammatically anchored to ‘ख्रीष्टमा’ or the specific circumstance so it reads as relational joy through union with a personal Christ despite real suffering, never impersonal metaphysical bliss.

Bondservant

Approved rendering: दास
Transliteration: das
Doctrine: Servant Identity and Christlike Ministry
Rejected alternatives: सेवक
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church

δοῦλος, Paul and Timothy’s self-designation (Philippians 1:1), deliberately anticipating the same word used of Christ’s self-humbling in 2:7. Must be read as voluntary, honored, Christlike total devotion, never as endorsement of social bondage or caste servitude (slavery legally abolished in Nepal only in 1924; दास/दासी retains caste-adjacent associations in some regional usage).

Chains

Approved rendering: बन्धन / साङ्गलाहरू
Transliteration: bandhan / sanglaharu
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: δεσμά
Category: Faith

δεσμά (Philippians 1:7, 1:13, 1:14, 1:17). Must remain concrete/literal — real imprisonment, never softened to a vague metaphor for general ‘difficulty.’ The doctrine’s force depends on आनन्द coexisting with, not erasing, genuine chains.

To Live Is Christ To Die Is Gain

Approved rendering: बाँच्नु ख्रीष्ट हो, र मर्नु लाभ हो
Transliteration: banchnu Khrist ho, ra marnu labh ho
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: τὸ ἐμοὶ ζῆν Χριστὸς καὶ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν κέρδος
Category: Faith

Philippians 1:21. High-use pastoral verse; must be rendered identically across all curriculum documents per the baseline’s theological consistency convention for such verses.

Fellowship Of His Sufferings

Approved rendering: उहाँका दुःखहरूमा सहभागिता
Transliteration: uhanka dukhaharuma sahabhagita
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: κοινωνία [τῶν] παθημάτων αὐτοῦ
Category: Faith

κοινωνία [τῶν] παθημάτων αὐτοῦ (Philippians 3:10), built on baseline सहभागिता. Sharing in Christ’s sufferings is presented as a sought privilege, not merely an endured burden.

Poured Out As A Libation

Approved rendering: बलिको रूपमा खन्याइनु
Transliteration: baliko rupma khanyainu
Doctrine: Sacrificial Partnership and Giving
Original: σπένδομαι
Category: Faith

σπένδομαι (Philippians 2:17). Libation-pouring is recognizable from Hindu puja liquid-offerings (अर्घ). Must be framed as Paul’s figurative self-sacrificial devotion joined to Christ’s completed, once-for-all sacrifice, not as paralleling or endorsing an ongoing ritual-offering system.

Humility

Approved rendering: नम्रता
Transliteration: namrata
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη
Category: Sanctification

ταπεινοφροσύνη (Philippians 2:3), the named curriculum doctrine. Must be kept distinct from the Hindu/Buddhist ascetic ideal of self-abnegation for personal spiritual merit (tapasya-style self-denial; already High-risk in the baseline’s saints entry). Biblical नम्रता is other-regarding, status-lowering for unity and service, not self-directed ascetic merit-accumulation.

Flesh

Approved rendering: शरीर / मानवीय भरोसा
Transliteration: sharir / manaviya bharosa
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sin

σάρξ (Philippians 3:3-4), self-reliant human religious credentials/effort. Must be distinguished from ascetic flesh-denial frameworks (Hindu tapasya, Buddhist mortification of desire) — Paul’s point is that self-generated credentials, not the body itself, cannot secure righteousness.

Peace Surpassing Understanding

Approved rendering: बुद्धिले नबुझ्ने परमेश्वरको शान्ति
Transliteration: buddhile nabujhne Parameshwarko shanti
Doctrine: Prayer and Freedom from Anxiety
Original: ἡ εἰρήνη τοῦ θεοῦ ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦν
Category: Salvation

ἡ εἰρήνη τοῦ θεοῦ ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦν (Philippians 4:7). Must be relational peace from a personal God exceeding human reasoning, not a meditative transcendence-of-thought state cultivated through contemplative practice.

Citizenship

Approved rendering: स्वर्गमा हाम्रो नागरिकता
Transliteration: swargama hamro nagrikata
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven
Original: πολίτευμα
Category: Eschatology

πολίτευμα (Philippians 3:20). नागरिकता is politically loaded in contemporary Nepal (contested descent- and gender-based citizenship-law disputes). Must be taught as reoriented ultimate allegiance, never as commentary on Nepal’s domestic citizenship debates or disregard of legitimate earthly civic duty.

Transformed Lowly Body

Approved rendering: हाम्रो होचो शरीरलाई उहाँको महिमित शरीर जस्तै बनाउनुहुनेछ
Transliteration: hamro hocho sharirlai uhanko mahimit sharir jastai banaunuhunechha
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven and Future Bodily Hope
Original: μετασχηματίσει τὸ σῶμα τῆς ταπεινώσεως ἡμῶν … σύμμορφον τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ
Category: Eschatology

μετασχηματίσει…σύμμορφον τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ (Philippians 3:21). Must retain bodily, real transformation language, not a disembodied/spiritual-only afterlife framework echoing मोक्ष/मुक्ति or निर्वाण, both Critical-flagged in the baseline’s salvation entry. Note the converging σχῆμα and μορφ- roots (echoing 2:6-7, 3:10) — a deliberate literary bookend.

Partnership In The Gospel

Approved rendering: सुसमाचारमा सहभागिता
Transliteration: susamacharma sahabhagita
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Church

κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον (Philippians 1:5, 1:7, 4:10, 4:14-18). A notably financial/material partnership nuance (cf. 4:15). Given Nepal’s 2017 Muluki Criminal Code restrictions on proselytizing, this phrase must carry the same evangelism/mission legal-sensitivity as the Romans baseline requires.

Upward Call

Approved rendering: माथिको बोलावट
Transliteration: mathiko bolawat
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις (Philippians 3:14), built on baseline बोलावट. The eschatological completion of the same sovereign calling the baseline treats as Critical/High throughout Romans — a sovereign summons, not karma-determined destiny or self-initiated ascent.

Medium Risk Terms

Peace

Approved rendering: शान्ति
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: सुख
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Philippians 1:2 (greeting) and 4:7 (‘the peace of God which surpasses all understanding’ — see peace_surpassing_understanding entry below).

Outward Form

Approved rendering: बाहिरी रूप/स्वरूप
Transliteration: bahiri rup/swarup
Doctrine: Incarnation (Kenosis)
Original: σχῆμα
Category: Christology

σχῆμα (Philippians 2:7b), distinct from μορφή’s essential-nature sense. Both may default to रूप-family words in Nepali; translator notes must preserve the distinction so 2:6’s and 2:7b’s ‘form’ are not treated as theologically identical in weight.

Obedient Unto Death

Approved rendering: आज्ञाकारी
Transliteration: agyakari
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπήκοος
Category: Christology

ὑπήκοος (Philippians 2:8). Continuous with baseline obedience_of_faith आज्ञा- root, here describing Christ’s own obedience to the Father, the archetype of the believer’s faith-obedience.

Graciously Gave

Approved rendering: अनुग्रहपूर्वक दिनुभयो
Transliteration: anugrahapurvak dinubhayo
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ἐχαρίσατο
Category: Christology

ἐχαρίσατο (Philippians 2:9), a χάρις-family verb. Retaining the अनुग्रह root where space allows preserves the lexical link to the letter’s grace vocabulary.

Name Above Every Name

Approved rendering: हरेक नाउँभन्दा उच्च नाउँ
Transliteration: harek naunbhanda uchcha naun
Doctrine: Exaltation and Lordship of Christ
Original: ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα
Category: Christology

ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα (Philippians 2:9). ‘Name’ stands for the totality of status, authority, and revealed character, not merely a label.

Bow The Knee

Approved rendering: हरेक घुँडा निहुरिनेछ
Transliteration: harek ghunda nihurinechha
Doctrine: Exaltation and Lordship of Christ
Original: πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ
Category: Christology

πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ (Philippians 2:10). Kneeling/bowing is familiar in both Nepali Christian and Hindu namaskar/pranam practice before an idol or deity. Teaching notes must state explicitly this bowing is directed exclusively to Jesus as universal Lord — incompatible with, not analogous to, devotional bowing before other deities/images.

Defense Of The Gospel

Approved rendering: सुसमाचारको प्रतिरक्षा/बचाउ
Transliteration: susamacharko pratiraksha/bachau
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: ἀπολογία
Category: Faith

ἀπολογία (Philippians 1:7, 1:16). Paul’s imprisonment is framed as the legal defense and confirmation of the gospel — chains that advance, rather than defeat, the gospel.

Fellowship Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: आत्माको सहभागिता
Transliteration: atmako sahabhagita
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: κοινωνία πνεύματος
Category: Church

κοινωνία πνεύματος (Philippians 2:1). Spirit-wrought union grounding the unity appeal; must not be softened to mere social camaraderie, distinct from the gospel-partnership sense of 1:5 though built on the same सहभागिता root.

Same Mind

Approved rendering: मनसाय राख्नु / एउटै मनको हुनु
Transliteration: manasaya rakhnu / eutai manko hunu
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: φρονέω
Category: Church

φρονέω (Philippians 2:2, reused identically in 2:5 and again in 4:2). MUST use the identical Nepali verb root in every occurrence so the reader sees Paul asking the church to adopt Christ’s own mindset (2:5), not merely to get along.

Considering Others More Significant

Approved rendering: अरूलाई आफूभन्दा उच्च ठान्ने
Transliteration: arulai aphubhanda uchcha thanne
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἡγούμενοι ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν
Category: Sanctification

ἡγούμενοι ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν (Philippians 2:3). ‘उच्च’ (higher) language must be handled carefully in Nepal’s caste-conscious social context so it reads as voluntary Christian mutual honor, not reinforcement of existing social hierarchy.

Overseer

Approved rendering: अध्यक्ष / अगुवा
Transliteration: adhyaksha / aguwa
Doctrine: Church Leadership and Order
Rejected alternatives: पुजारी, लामा, गुरु
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church

ἐπίσκοπος (Philippians 1:1). Must avoid Hindu priestly (पुजारी) or Buddhist monastic-hierarchy (लामा, गुरु) associations; अध्यक्ष/अगुवा is the religiously-neutral administrative register.

Deacon

Approved rendering: सेवक / डिकन
Transliteration: sevak / dikan
Doctrine: Church Leadership and Order
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church

διάκονος (Philippians 1:1). Distinguish from दास (2:7’s ‘slave’ register) — an office of service, not the total ownership-relationship of δοῦλος.

Blameless And Pure

Approved rendering: निर्दोष र निष्खोट
Transliteration: nirdosh ra nishkhot
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἄμεμπτος καὶ ἀκέραιος
Category: Sanctification

ἄμεμπτος καὶ ἀκέραιος (Philippians 2:15). Standard ethical vocabulary; risk is precision, not doctrinal collision.

Children Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरका सन्तान
Transliteration: Parameshwarka santan
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: τέκνα θεοῦ
Category: Sanctification

τέκνα θεοῦ (Philippians 2:15), the general relational ‘offspring’ designation. Must be distinguished from the baseline’s technical adoption term υἱοθεσία/दत्तक पुत्रता (full legal son-status/inheritance rights) — τέκνα is the broader designation.

Circumcision

Approved rendering: खतना
Transliteration: khatana
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant

περιτομή (Philippians 3:3, 3:5). Established Nepali Bible term for the covenant sign given to Abraham’s physical descendants.

Rubbish

Approved rendering: फोहोर/जूठो कुरा
Transliteration: fohor/jutho kura
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: σκύβαλα
Category: Salvation

σκύβαλα (Philippians 3:8), Paul’s strongest pejorative for his former law-based credentials. Crudeness/intensity must not be softened into a mild ‘loss.‘

Knowledge Of Christ

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्टको ज्ञान/चिनजान
Transliteration: Khristko gyan/chinjan
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: γνῶσις / ἐπίγνωσις Χριστοῦ
Category: Faith

γνῶσις/ἐπίγνωσις Χριστοῦ (Philippians 3:8). Relational, experiential-knowing register; avoid esoteric/gnostic-secret-knowledge connotations sometimes attached to ज्ञान in South Asian syncretistic usage.

Brought Low And Abound

Approved rendering: होचो हुनु र प्रशस्त हुनु
Transliteration: hocho hunu ra prashasta hunu
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Original: ταπεινοῦσθαι καὶ περισσεύειν
Category: Faith

ταπεινοῦσθαι καὶ περισσεύειν (Philippians 4:12). Shares the ताप्नो- root with 2:3/2:8’s humility vocabulary — a deliberate echo, though here circumstantial hardship rather than Christ’s voluntary self-emptying.

Enemies Of The Cross

Approved rendering: क्रूसका शत्रुहरू
Transliteration: kruska shatruharu
Doctrine: Warning against False Teachers and False Worship
Original: ἐχθροὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ
Category: Eschatology

ἐχθροὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ (Philippians 3:18).

Their God Is Their Belly

Approved rendering: तिनीहरूको देवता तिनीहरूको पेट हो
Transliteration: tinihuruko devata tinihuruko pet ho
Doctrine: Warning against False Teachers and False Worship
Rejected alternatives: परमेश्वर, भगवान
Original: ὧν ὁ θεὸς ἡ κοιλία
Category: Eschatology

ὧν ὁ θεὸς ἡ κοιλία (Philippians 3:19). θεός here is Paul’s ironic naming of a false, illegitimate object of devotion. देवता (a generic/lesser-god term) is REQUIRED, not परमेश्वर or भगवान — using either of the latter would either blasphemously apply the true-God term to appetite or legitimize भगवान-style categories the baseline forbids.

Sacrifice And Service Of Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वासको बलिदान र सेवा
Transliteration: vishwasko balidan ra seva
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: θυσία καὶ λειτουργία τῆς πίστεως
Category: Faith

θυσία καὶ λειτουργία τῆς πίστεως (Philippians 2:17), reusing baseline विश्वास.

Press On

Approved rendering: लक्ष्यतिर अघि बढ्नु / पछ्याउनु
Transliteration: lakshyatir aghi badhnu / pachhyaunu
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: διώκω
Category: Faith

διώκω (Philippians 3:12, 3:14). Standard athletic-pursuit metaphor; risk is register/naturalness only.

Conformed To His Death

Approved rendering: उहाँको मृत्युसँग समान आकार पाउँदै
Transliteration: uhanko mrityusanga saman akar paundai
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: συμμορφιζόμενος τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτοῦ
Category: Faith

συμμορφιζόμενος τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτοῦ (Philippians 3:10). Shares the μορφ- root with 2:6-7’s kenosis vocabulary — the church’s experience of being ‘conformed’ mirrors Christ’s own taking of a servant’s ‘form.‘

Word Of Life

Approved rendering: जीवनको वचन
Transliteration: jivanko vachan
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: λόγος ζωῆς
Category: Salvation

λόγος ζωῆς (Philippians 2:16), a gospel-synonymous phrase.

Day Of Christ

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्टको दिन
Transliteration: Khristko din
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: ἡμέρα Χριστοῦ
Category: Eschatology

ἡμέρα Χριστοῦ (Philippians 1:6, 1:10, 2:16), the eschatological day of Christ’s return/judgment.

Low Risk Terms

Fellowship

Approved rendering: सहभागिता
Transliteration: sahabhagita
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: मित्रता
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Philippians this single root carries at least three distinct theological senses (gospel-partnership 1:5, Spirit-fellowship 2:1, shared suffering 3:10) — each rendered as a distinguishing compound phrase; never left unqualified in this letter.

Struggle

Approved rendering: सङ्घर्ष
Transliteration: sangharsha
Doctrine: Perseverance in Shared Struggle
Original: ἀγών
Category: Faith

ἀγών (Philippians 1:27, 1:28, 1:30). Standard athletic/military-metaphor term; low doctrinal risk beyond consistency.

Encouragement

Approved rendering: उत्साह / प्रोत्साहन
Transliteration: utsaha / protsahan
Doctrine: Mutual Encouragement and Fellowship
Original: παράκλησις
Category: Church

παράκλησις (Philippians 2:1). Must stay tied to ‘ख्रीष्टमा’ so it is not read as generic secular motivational encouragement.

Affection And Compassion

Approved rendering: स्नेह र दया
Transliteration: sneha ra daya
Doctrine: Mutual Encouragement and Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: कृपा
Original: σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί
Category: Church

σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί (Philippians 2:1; cf. 1:8). दया preferred over कृपा to avoid any reviewer confusion with अनुग्रह (soteriological grace); कृपा permitted only in strictly non-soteriological contexts per the baseline’s own carve-out.

United In Soul

Approved rendering: एक मनका
Transliteration: ek manka
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: σύμψυχος
Category: Church

σύμψυχος (Philippians 2:2), intensifying the same-mindedness commanded in the same verse.

Selfish Ambition

Approved rendering: स्वार्थी इच्छा
Transliteration: swarthi ichchha
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἐριθεία
Category: Church

ἐριθεία (Philippians 2:3), the source of disunity Paul addresses.

Empty Conceit

Approved rendering: व्यर्थको घमण्ड / खोक्रो अहंकार
Transliteration: vyarthako ghamand / khokro ahamkar
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: κενοδοξία
Category: Church

κενοδοξία (Philippians 2:3). Deliberate Greek wordplay with ἐκένωσεν (2:7), untranslatable as a pun in Nepali but worth a teaching note: Christ’s self-emptying is the positive answer to the church’s empty self-glorying.

Look To The Interests Of Others

Approved rendering: ध्यान दिने / वास्ता गर्ने
Transliteration: dhyan dine / vasta garne
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: σκοπέω
Category: Sanctification

σκοπέω (Philippians 2:4). Cognate noun σκοπός reappears in 3:14 as ‘the goal’; senses differ, no shared rendering required.

Grumbling

Approved rendering: गनगन/बडबडाइ बिना
Transliteration: gangan/badbadai bina
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: γογγυσμός
Category: Sanctification

γογγυσμός (Philippians 2:14), echoing the OT wilderness generation’s grumbling.

Pharisee

Approved rendering: फरिसी
Transliteration: Pharisi
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: Φαρισαῖος
Category: Covenant

Φαρισαῖος (Philippians 3:5). Established transliteration.

Zeal

Approved rendering: जोश/उत्साह
Transliteration: josh/utsaha
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: ζῆλος
Category: Covenant

ζῆλος (Philippians 3:6), Paul’s former religious zeal.

Loss

Approved rendering: हानि
Transliteration: hani
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: ζημία
Category: Salvation

ζημία (Philippians 3:7-8), distinct in intensity from σκύβαλα above.

Do Not Be Anxious

Approved rendering: केही कुराको पनि चिन्ता नगर्नू
Transliteration: kehi kurako pani chinta nagarnu
Doctrine: Prayer and Freedom from Anxiety
Original: μηδὲν μεριμνᾶτε
Category: Faith

μηδὲν μεριμνᾶτε (Philippians 4:6).

Gentleness

Approved rendering: नरमता/सहनशीलता
Transliteration: naramata/sahanshilata
Doctrine: Christian Ethical Thinking
Original: ἐπιείκεια
Category: Sanctification

ἐπιείκεια (Philippians 4:5).

Ethical Virtue Catalogue

Approved rendering: सत्य, न्यायोचित, शुद्ध
Transliteration: satya, nyayochit, shuddha
Doctrine: Christian Ethical Thinking
Original: ὅσα ἐστὶν ἀληθῆ, δίκαια, ἁγνά
Category: Sanctification

ὅσα ἐστὶν ἀληθῆ, δίκαια, ἁγνά (Philippians 4:8). δίκαια here is general ‘just/right’ conduct, sharing the δικαιο- root with δικαιοσύνη but NOT the technical forensic-righteousness doctrine of chapter 3 — avoid importing धार्मिकता’s Critical-risk weight here.

Giving And Receiving

Approved rendering: दिने र लिने काम
Transliteration: dine ra line kam
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: δόσις καὶ λῆψις
Category: Church

δόσις καὶ λῆψις (Philippians 4:15).

Minister

Approved rendering: सेवक
Transliteration: sevak
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: λειτουργός
Category: Church

λειτουργός (Philippians 2:25), of Epaphroditus’s service to Paul’s need.

The Goal

Approved rendering: लक्ष्य
Transliteration: lakshya
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: σκοπός
Category: Faith

σκοπός (Philippians 3:14), the noun cognate of σκοπέω in 2:4; senses differ, no shared rendering required.

The Prize

Approved rendering: पुरस्कार
Transliteration: puraskar
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: βραβεῖον
Category: Faith

βραβεῖον (Philippians 3:14), the athletic-contest prize.

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