Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Peter — English → Spanish
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning 1 Peter chapters 1–5. Terms marked (baseline reuse) carry the EXACT Spanish rendering and risk tier already recorded in the Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and must not be altered. New terms specific to 1 Peter are risk-tiered using the identical Critical/High/Medium/Low framework. This glossary must be merged into the project’s cumulative translation memory before Phase 2 begins.
Part 1 — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (no change permitted)
| Term (English) | Spanish Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Link (1 Peter) | Key Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | evangelio | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake (proclamation context) | 1:12, 1:25, 4:6, 4:17 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| grace | gracia | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering; Elders and Humility | 1:2, 1:10, 1:13, 3:7, 4:10, 5:5, 5:10, 5:12 | Reuse baseline exactly; reinforced by 5:5’s “grace to the humble.” |
| faith | fe | High | The Living Hope of the Resurrection; Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:5, 1:7-9, 1:21, 5:9 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| salvation | salvación | Critical | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:5, 1:9-10 | Reuse baseline exactly; note added already/not-yet future-revealed nuance in 1:5. |
| holy | santo | Medium-High | Holiness in Conduct; Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 1:15-16, 2:5, 2:9, 3:5 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| sanctification | santificación | High | Holiness in Conduct | 1:2 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| resurrection | resurrección | Critical | The Living Hope of the Resurrection; Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 1:3, 1:21, 3:21 | Reuse baseline exactly; Espiritismo/Santería flag heightened — this is the letter’s central doctrine. |
| lord | Señor | Critical | The Living Hope of the Resurrection; Holiness in Conduct | 1:3, 2:3, 2:13, 3:15 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| glory | gloria | Medium-High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake; Elders and Humility | 1:7-8, 1:11, 1:21, 4:13-14, 5:1, 5:4, 5:10 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| sin | pecado | Medium | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2:22, 2:24, 3:18, 4:1, 4:8 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| election / elect | elección / elegido | High | The Living Hope of the Resurrection (identity) | 1:1-2, 2:9, 5:13 | Reuse baseline exactly; extend “destino/suerte” caution. |
| called / calling | llamado | High | Holiness in Conduct; Elders and Humility | 1:15, 2:9, 2:21, 3:9, 5:10 | Reuse baseline exactly; never “vocación” unqualified. |
| church (conceptual reuse) | iglesia | Medium | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | (concept only; ἐκκλησία not used in 1 Peter) | Reuse baseline term only as a synthesizing gloss for the letter’s people/house/nation/priesthood metaphors — see Part 2. |
| gentiles | gentiles | Low | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:12 | Reuse baseline exactly; avoid “paganos.” |
| spiritual gifts | dones espirituales | Medium | Elders and Humility (stewardship) | 4:10 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| fellowship (base sense) | compañerismo | Low (base) / High (extended sense, see Part 2 “partícipes de los padecimientos”) | — | 4:13 (extended sense) | Base term reused; extended participatory sense re-risked in Part 2. |
| father | Padre | Critical | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:2-3, 1:17 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| god | Dios | Critical | (all doctrines) | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| holy spirit (base term) | Espíritu Santo | Critical | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:2, 1:12, 4:14 | Reuse baseline exactly; see Part 2 for “Espíritu de Cristo” variant. |
| jesus / christ | Jesús / Cristo | Critical | (all doctrines) | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| power of God | poder de Dios | Medium | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:5 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
Part 2 — New Terms Introduced by 1 Peter
| Term (English) | Greek (transliteration) | Spanish Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Link | Key Passages | Rejected Alternatives / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| living hope | ἐλπὶς ζῶσα (elpis zōsa) | esperanza viva | High | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:3 | Rejected: unqualified “esperanza” alone (risks reading as wishful optimism or fatalistic “lo que Dios quiera”). |
| born again / new birth | ἀναγεννάω (anagennaō) | nos hizo nacer de nuevo / nuevo nacimiento / renacidos | High | New Birth / Regeneration (feeds Living Hope, Holiness in Conduct) | 1:3, 1:23 | Rejected: treating this as a denominational-identity badge rather than the NT’s own monergistic new-birth category. |
| mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | misericordia | Medium | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:3 | Rejected: framing as kindness earned back through penance/votive devotion. |
| inheritance | κληρονομία (klēronomia) | herencia | Medium | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:4 | Rejected: an inheritance requiring purgatorial completion or additional merit. |
| undefiled | ἀμίαντος (amiantos) | incontaminada / sin mancha | Medium | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:4 | Rejected: “inmaculada” (collides with the Marian Immaculate Conception title). |
| guarded / kept | φρουρέω (phroureō) | protegidos / guardados (bajo la guardia de Dios) | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:5 | Rejected: passive “almacenados/guardados” without the active-garrison sense. |
| various trials | ποικίλοι πειρασμοί (poikiloi peirasmoi) | diversas pruebas | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:6, 4:12 | Rejected: “tentaciones” (reads as enticement to sin, not external hardship). |
| tested genuineness | δοκίμιον (dokimion) | la autenticidad probada de la fe / la prueba de la fe | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:7 | Rejected: any phrasing implying faith is manufactured/merited by suffering rather than proven. |
| rejoice greatly / exult | ἀγαλλιάω (agalliaō) | regocijarse / alegrarse grandemente | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1:6, 1:8 | Rejected: flattening to ordinary “estar contento.” |
| inexpressible joy | χαρὰ ἀνεκλάλητος (chara aneklalētos) | gozo inefable y glorioso | Medium | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:8 | — |
| soul(s) | ψυχή / ψυχαί (psychē) | alma(s) | Medium-High | The Living Hope of the Resurrection; Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 1:9, 1:22, 2:11, 2:25, 3:20, 4:19 | Rejected: reading through Espiritismo/purgatorial “ánimas” framework without explicit correction. |
| sojourners and exiles | πάροικοι καὶ παρεπίδημοι (paroikoi kai parepidēmoi) | extranjeros y peregrinos | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake; Holiness in Conduct | 1:1, 1:17, 2:11 | Pastoral-sensitivity flag given real migration contexts across Spanish-speaking regions. |
| foreknowledge | πρόγνωσις (prognōsis) | previo conocimiento / presciencia de Dios | High | The Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1:2, 1:20 | Teach alongside “elección” without over-resolving predestination debate. |
| sprinkling of blood | ῥαντισμὸς αἵματος (rhantismos haimatos) | rociamiento de la sangre | Medium-High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1:2 | Rejected: “aspersión” (Catholic holy-water liturgical association). |
| redeemed / ransomed | λυτρόω (lytroō) | redimidos / rescatados | Critical | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1:18-19 | Rejected: ransom paid to Satan (ransom theory); rejected: metaphorical liberation with no atonement content. |
| precious blood / lamb without blemish | αἷμα τίμιον / ἀμνὸς ἄμωμος καὶ ἄσπιλος | sangre preciosa / cordero sin mancha y sin defecto | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1:19 | Requires explicit Passover/Exodus 12 background teaching. |
| foreknown before the foundation of the world | προεγνωσμένου πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου | destinado desde antes de la fundación del mundo | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering (Christ’s preexistence) | 1:20 | Reinforces baseline “son_of_god” Critical entry. |
| reverent fear | φόβος (phobos) | temor (reverente) | Medium | Holiness in Conduct | 1:17 | Rejected: servile terror; rejected: superstitious “miedo” to curses/bad luck. |
| imperishable seed / living word | σπορὰ ἄφθαρτος / λόγος Θεοῦ ζῶν καὶ μένων | simiente incorruptible / palabra de Dios que vive y permanece | High | New Birth / Regeneration | 1:23 | Ties new birth causally to Scripture, not sacramental rite alone. |
| brotherly love | φιλαδελφία (philadelphia) | amor fraternal | Low-Medium | Holiness in Conduct | 1:22, 3:8 | — |
| pure spiritual milk | λογικὸν ἄδολον γάλα | leche espiritual no adulterada | Medium | Holiness in Conduct | 2:2 | — |
| living stone | λίθος ζῶν (lithos zōn) | piedra viva | High | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:4-5 | Preserve resurrection-linked “living” qualifier; avoid static-building-only reading. |
| cornerstone / stumbling stone | ἀκρογωνιαῖος / λίθος πρόσκομμα | piedra angular / piedra de tropiezo | Medium | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:6-8 | — |
| spiritual house | οἶκος πνευματικός (oikos pneumatikos) | casa espiritual | Medium | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:5 | Reinforces baseline caution: people, not a building. |
| holy priesthood / royal priesthood | ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον / βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα | sacerdocio santo / real sacerdocio | Critical | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:5, 2:9 | Rejected: any framing that implies this refers to, or is limited to, the ordained ministerial clergy (“sacerdote” in the Catholic institutional sense). MANDATORY teaching note every occurrence, parallel to baseline “santos.” |
| spiritual sacrifices | πνευματικαὶ θυσίαι | sacrificios espirituales | High | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:5 | Rejected: framing as an ongoing propitiatory/atoning sacrifice (Eucharistic re-presentation collision). |
| chosen race / holy nation / people for God’s possession | γένος ἐκλεκτόν / ἔθνος ἅγιον / λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν | linaje escogido / nación santa / pueblo adquirido por Dios | High | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2:9 | Note: 1 Peter never uses ἐκκλησία; these corporate metaphors carry its ecclesiology instead. |
| conduct / way of life | ἀναστροφή (anastrophē) | conducta | Low-Medium | Holiness in Conduct | 1:15, 1:18, 2:12, 3:1-2, 3:16 | Master term for this doctrine across the letter. |
| submit / be subject | ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō) | someteos / sujeción | Critical | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | 2:13, 2:18, 3:1, 5:5 | Rejected: submission as endorsement of wrongdoing or endorsement/justification of abuse. MANDATORY theologian-reviewed teaching note, especially at 3:1 paired with 3:7. |
| household servant | οἰκέτης (oiketēs) | siervos | Medium | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | 2:18 | Requires Greco-Roman household-slavery historical note. |
| bore our sins on the tree | ἀνήνεγκεν… ἐπὶ τὸ ξύλον | él mismo llevó nuestros pecados… sobre el madero | Critical | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2:24 | Rejected: “compartió” / “sufrió con nosotros” (collapses substitution into solidarity). |
| healed by his wound(s) | τῷ μώλωπι ἰάθητε | por su herida fuisteis sanados | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2:24 | Rejected: guaranteed-physical-healing (prosperity gospel) reading isolated from context. |
| shepherd and overseer of souls | ποιμὴν καὶ ἐπίσκοπος τῶν ψυχῶν | Pastor y Obispo de vuestras almas | Medium-High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering; Elders and Humility | 2:25 | ”Obispo” not to be read as endorsing any specific institutional episcopal office. |
| gentle and quiet spirit | πραέως καὶ ἡσυχίου πνεύματος | espíritu afable y apacible | Medium-High | Holiness in Conduct | 3:4 | Rejected: command to general female silence detached from marital context. |
| weaker vessel | ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος | vaso más frágil | Medium-High | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | 3:7 | Rejected: ontological/spiritual inferiority reading; balance with “coherederos.” |
| righteousness (ethical sense) | δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) | justicia | High (cross-reference to baseline Critical) | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 3:14 | MANDATORY note distinguishing ethical “suffer for righteousness” sense from Romans’ forensic “justicia de Dios” sense — same Spanish word, different doctrine. |
| sanctify Christ as Lord in your hearts | ἁγιάσατε Κύριον τὸν Χριστόν | santificad a Cristo como Señor en vuestros corazones | Critical (by inheritance) | Holiness in Conduct | 3:15 | Fuses baseline “santificación” and “Señor” Critical entries. |
| reasoned defense | ἀπολογία (apologia) | razón / defensa | Low-Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 3:15 | Source of “apologética” as a technical gloss. |
| once for all | ἅπαξ (hapax) | una vez para siempre / de una vez por todas | Critical | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 3:18 | Historic fault line with sacrificial-repetition/re-presentation frameworks; teach plainly without polemical editorializing. |
| put to death in flesh, made alive in spirit | θανατωθεὶς σαρκί, ζωοποιηθεὶς πνεύματι | muerto en la carne, pero vivificado en el espíritu | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3:18 | MANDATORY theologian review every occurrence; avoid docetic drift and avoid obscuring bodily resurrection as the ultimate referent. |
| proclamation to the spirits in prison | τοῖς ἐν φυλακῇ πνεύμασιν ἐκήρυξεν | proclamó a los espíritus encarcelados | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3:19-20 | HIGHEST collision risk in curriculum: Catholic limbo/descensus doctrine, Espiritismo/Santería spirit frameworks, false “second-chance gospel” reading. Never render as “evangelizó/predicó buenas nuevas.” Mandatory standalone teaching note + theologian review. |
| ark | κιβωτός (kibōtos) | arca | Low | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3:20 | — |
| antitype / corresponding figure (baptism) | ἀντίτυπον (antitypon) | figura / antitipo correspondiente | High | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits (baptism clause) | 3:21 | Avoid both baptismal-regeneration (ex opere operato) reading AND a purely symbolic reading that erases “salva” language. Parallel treatment to baseline “justificación.” |
| angels, authorities, powers | ἄγγελοι, ἐξουσίαι, δυνάμεις | ángeles, autoridades y potestades | Medium | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3:22 | Standard cosmic-victory language. |
| gospel preached to the dead | εὐηγγελίσθη… νεκροῖς | se anunció el evangelio… a los muertos | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 4:6 | Teach as a single doctrinal unit with 3:19-20; reject post-mortem salvation-offer reading. |
| fiery ordeal | πύρωσις (pyrōsis) | prueba de fuego | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 4:12 | Render consistently with “diversas pruebas” (1:6), never “tentación.” |
| participants in Christ’s sufferings | κοινωνεῖτε τοῖς παθήμασιν | sois partícipes de los padecimientos de Cristo | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 4:13 | Higher-stakes extension of baseline “compañerismo” (Low) — flag the semantic distance. |
| Christian (as suffering identity) | Χριστιανός (Christianos) | cristiano | Low (lexical) / High (doctrinal identity context) | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 4:16 | Early identity-label used specifically in a suffering context. |
| household of God | οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ (oikos tou Theou) | casa de Dios | Medium | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 4:17 | Corporate-identity ecclesiology term, consistent with 2:5, 2:9. |
| stewards (of grace) | οἰκονόμοι (oikonomoi) | administradores / mayordomos | Medium | Elders and Humility | 4:10 | Paired with baseline “dones espirituales” caution re: curanderismo/Santería. |
| hospitality | φιλοξενία (philoxenia) | hospitalidad | Low | Holiness in Conduct | 4:9 | — |
| elders | πρεσβύτεροι (presbyteroi) | ancianos | High/Critical | Elders and Humility | 5:1, 5:5 | Rejected absolutely: “presbíteros” (collides with Catholic ordained-clergy canonical title). Standardize on “ancianos” throughout, no exceptions. |
| shepherd the flock | ποιμάνατε τὸ ποίμνιον | pastoread el rebaño | Medium-High | Elders and Humility | 5:2 | Ties elder leadership to Christ’s own shepherding (2:25). |
| not for shameful gain, but willingly | μὴ αἰσχροκερδῶς ἀλλὰ ἑκουσίως | no por ganancia deshonesta, sino de buena voluntad | Medium | Elders and Humility | 5:2 | — |
| chief Shepherd | ἀρχιποίμην (archipoimēn) | el Príncipe / Sumo Pastor | Medium | Elders and Humility | 5:4 | Exclusive to Christ; not an ecclesiastical title. |
| clothe yourselves with humility | ἐγκομβώσασθε ταπεινοφροσύνην | revestíos de humildad | Medium-High | Elders and Humility | 5:5 | Recover vivid apron-tying servant image in teaching notes. |
| casting your anxiety on him | ἐπιρίψαντες τὴν μέριμναν | echando toda vuestra ansiedad sobre él | Low-Medium | Elders and Humility (pastoral care) | 5:7 | — |
| adversary, roaring lion | ἀντίδικος, λέων ὠρυόμενος | diablo, león rugiente | Low | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 5:8 | Note against folk-protective/curse-remedy syncretism; remedy is faith, not ritual objects. |
| kiss of love | φίλημα ἀγάπης (philēma agapēs) | beso de amor / ósculo santo | Low | Holiness in Conduct (greeting custom) | 5:14 | Clarify as first-century custom, not prescribed liturgy. |
Risk Summary (1 Peter New Terms, Part 2 only)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 9 | Human theologian — mandatory, every occurrence |
| High | 16 | Human theologian |
| Medium-High | 6 | Human theologian (pastoral-sensitivity or institutional-collision flag) |
| Medium | 13 | Native speaker review |
| Low / Low-Medium | 6 | Automated / native speaker spot-check |
Highest-priority terms for Phase 2 theologian review (in descending collision severity):
- “sacerdocio santo / real sacerdocio” (holy/royal priesthood) — Catholic clergy-office collision
- “proclamó a los espíritus encarcelados” (proclamation to spirits in prison) — descensus/limbo/Espiritismo collision
- “someteos” (submission) — pastoral abuse-risk collision
- “ancianos” vs. rejected “presbíteros” (elders) — Catholic clergy-title collision
- “una vez para siempre” (once for all) — sacrificial re-presentation fault line
- “redimidos/rescatados” (redeemed) — ransom-theory misreading risk
- “muerto en la carne, vivificado en el espíritu” — Christological/intermediate-state precision
This glossary must be merged into the cumulative translation_memory.json before Phase 2 Step 16 batch processing begins. All Critical and High risk new terms require theologian sign-off before their first Phase 2 use is finalized.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: justicia
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation / Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: rectitud moral autónoma, mérito acumulado
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. MANDATORY teaching note: 1 Peter 3:14’s ethical sense (righteous conduct that provokes hostility) must be explicitly distinguished from Romans 3-5’s forensic sense (right standing credited by faith); both share the identical Spanish word.
Salvation
Approved rendering: salvación
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation / Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: salvarse por buenas obras, merecer el cielo mediante sacramentos y penitencia
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter 1:5, 1:9-10 stresses an already/not-yet tension: a present possession and a future reality ‘ready to be revealed.’ Must not be flattened into either a purely future, merit/sacrament-secured outcome or a purely past, completed event erasing the letter’s forward-looking hope.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: resurrección
Transliteration: anastasis
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: reencarnación
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. The Caribbean/Afro-Caribbean Espiritismo and Santería flag is heightened to maximum strength here: this is the letter’s foundational, load-bearing doctrine (1:3, 1:21, 3:21), not a supporting reference as in Romans.
Lord
Approved rendering: Señor
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Señor mío (devotional-only, without lordship claim over the whole of life)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Appears in the letter’s opening doxology (1:3), ‘gustad que el Señor es bueno’ (2:3), civil submission ‘por causa del Señor’ (2:13), and fused with sanctification at 3:15.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Hijo de Dios
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: hijo de Dios en el sentido genérico aplicado a todo creyente
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Reinforced (though not lexically stated) by 1 Peter 1:20’s ‘foreknown before the foundation of the world,’ asserting Christ’s eternal preexistence within the Father’s redemptive plan.
Father
Approved rendering: Padre
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Opens the letter’s Trinitarian formula (1:2) and grounds its call to reverent fear (1:17, ‘invocáis como Padre’).
God
Approved rendering: Dios
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: (all doctrines)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged throughout.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Espíritu Santo
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: una fuerza impersonal, un espíritu guía o ancestral
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Named in the Trinitarian election formula (1:2), as the source of the prophets’ testimony (1:11-12, ‘Espíritu de Cristo’), and as resting on the persecuted (4:14). Must be distinguished from ancestral or ‘guide’ spirits invoked in Espiritismo and Santería.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jesús / Cristo
Transliteration: Iēsous Christos
Doctrine: (all doctrines)
Original: Ἰησοῦς Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged throughout.
Redeemed
Approved rendering: redimidos / rescatados
Transliteration: lytroō
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: ransom paid to Satan (ancient ransom-theory error), metaphorical liberation motif detached from atonement
Original: λυτρόω
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 1:18-19: the letter’s central statement of Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering. Must be taught as a price paid to satisfy divine justice through Christ’s own blood.
Holy Priesthood
Approved rendering: sacerdocio santo / real sacerdocio
Transliteration: hierateuma hagion / basileion hierateuma
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: any framing that implies this refers to, or is limited to, the ordained ministerial clergy (‘sacerdote’ in the Catholic institutional sense)
Original: ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον / βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:5, 2:9. In the Spanish-speaking Catholic-majority world, ‘sacerdocio/sacerdote’ overwhelmingly denotes ordained ministerial clergy. Ranks with the baseline’s ‘santos’ and ‘intercesión’ among the highest syncretism risks in the whole curriculum. MANDATORY teaching note every occurrence: ‘todo creyente participa del sacerdocio, no solo el clero ordenado.‘
Submit
Approved rendering: someteos / sujeción
Transliteration: hypotassō / hypotagē
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Rejected alternatives: submission as endorsement of the authority’s wrongdoing, submission used to justify or excuse abuse
Original: ὑποτάσσω / ὑποταγή
Category: Submission
1 Peter 2:13, 2:18, 3:1, 5:5. Must be taught as Christlike, voluntary endurance for the gospel’s sake, never as endorsement of wrongdoing. Given machismo patterns and documented domestic-abuse dynamics across much of the Spanish-speaking world, 3:1 carries acute real-world misapplication risk; MANDATORY theologian-reviewed note pairing every 3:1 occurrence with 3:7’s ‘coherederos de la gracia de la vida’ and with Christ’s own example (2:21-23).
Bore Our Sins On Tree
Approved rendering: él mismo llevó nuestros pecados… sobre el madero
Transliteration: anēnegken… epi to xylon
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: compartió (shared), sufrió con nosotros (suffered alongside us) — both collapse substitution into mere solidarity or example
Original: ἀνήνεγκεν… ἐπὶ τὸ ξύλον
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 2:24, echoing Isaiah 53. Never soften ‘llevó’ (bore/carried, substitutionary).
Sanctify Christ As Lord
Approved rendering: santificad a Cristo como Señor en vuestros corazones
Transliteration: hagiasate ton Christon Kyrion en tais kardiais hymōn
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct / Lordship of Christ
Original: ἁγιάσατε τὸν Χριστὸν Κύριον ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 3:15. Critical by inheritance from both the baseline ‘santificación’ and ‘Señor’ entries; fuses the letter’s holiness and lordship doctrines in one clause.
Once For All
Approved rendering: una vez para siempre / de una vez por todas
Transliteration: hapax
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: softened or omitted rendering in Mass-adjacent teaching contexts, ‘hápax’ as a bare transliteration (false-cognate collision with the unrelated linguistics term)
Original: ἅπαξ
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 3:18. Stands in a live, historic tension with the Catholic doctrine of the Mass as Christ’s sacrifice sacramentally re-presented; preserve the text’s own unrepeatable, completed-action force without polemical editorializing.
Put To Death Made Alive
Approved rendering: muerto en la carne, pero vivificado en el espíritu
Transliteration: thanatōtheis sarki, zōopoiētheis de pneumati
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: implying Christ’s human spirit alone survived death while his body did not truly die (docetic drift), ‘por el Espíritu’ (agent) obscuring bodily resurrection as the ultimate referent
Original: θανατωθεὶς σαρκὶ, ζωοποιηθεὶς δὲ πνεύματι
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:18. One of the most exegetically debated clauses in the New Testament. Recommend ‘en el espíritu’ (sphere/mode) rather than ‘por el Espíritu’ (agent). MANDATORY theologian review every occurrence.
Proclamation To Spirits In Prison
Approved rendering: proclamó a los espíritus encarcelados
Transliteration: tois en phylakē pneumasin… ekēryxen
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: evangelizó / predicó las buenas nuevas (implies a post-mortem evangelistic offer)
Original: τοῖς ἐν φυλακῇ πνεύμασιν… ἐκήρυξεν
Category: Eschatology
1 Peter 3:19-20. The single highest-collision term in this curriculum: intersects the Apostles’ Creed’s ‘descendió a los infiernos,’ Catholic limbo-of-the-patriarchs doctrine, and live Espiritismo/Santería/‘las ánimas’ frameworks. Render ‘proclamó’ (herald/announce), NEVER ‘evangelizó/predicó las buenas nuevas.’ MANDATORY theologian review and standalone teaching note for every occurrence.
Gospel Preached To Dead
Approved rendering: se anunció el evangelio… a los muertos
Transliteration: euēngelisthē… nekrois
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: a reading isolated as license for salvation after death
Original: εὐηγγελίσθη… νεκροῖς
Category: Eschatology
1 Peter 4:6. MUST be taught together with 3:19-20 as a single doctrinal unit — those now dead who heard the gospel while alive, so they might be judged by the same standard as the living, not a post-mortem salvation offer.
Elders
Approved rendering: ancianos
Transliteration: presbyteroi
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Rejected alternatives: presbíteros (standard formal Spanish canon-law term for an ordained Catholic priest; would misleadingly invoke sacramental holy orders)
Original: πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Leadership
1 Peter 5:1, 5:5. Firm, no-exception standardization on ‘ancianos,’ as strict as the baseline’s ‘vocación’ caution for ‘llamado.‘
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangelio
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: buenas nuevas (only as a descriptive gloss, never the standalone technical term)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. In 1 Peter (1:12, 1:25, 4:6, 4:17) the gospel is proclaimed to a persecuted audience; must remain the specific historic announcement of salvation through the crucified and risen Christ, not a generalized comforting message for sufferers.
Grace
Approved rendering: gracia
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: favor merecido, recompensa por buenas obras
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Reinforced at 1 Peter 5:5 (‘Dios da gracia a los humildes’): grace given to the humble must not be read as a reward earned by achieving humility.
Faith
Approved rendering: fe
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: devoción religiosa general, creencia cultural heredada
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. In 1 Peter, faith is the tested substance proven genuine through suffering (1:7) and the ground of resistance to the adversary (5:9).
Called
Approved rendering: llamado
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: convocado (bureaucratic/legal register)
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter applies ‘llamado’ to holiness (1:15), corporate identity (2:9), suffering well (2:21), returning blessing for evil (3:9), and eternal glory (5:10). Never use unqualified ‘vocación.‘
Calling
Approved rendering: llamado
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: vocación (in the narrow sense of a call to priesthood or religious life)
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Same ‘vocación’ caution applies with full force in 1 Peter’s Catholic-majority readership.
Holy
Approved rendering: santo
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Rejected alternatives: puro en sentido ritual
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged; risk tier elevated to High for this curriculum because ‘santo’ governs 1 Peter’s central ethical command (1:15-16, citing Leviticus 19:2) and its corporate ecclesial identity (2:9), both requiring explicit teaching against the popular-piety sense reserved for the canonized.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: santificación
Transliteration: hagiasmos
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: purificación penitencial, vía purgativa
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter 1:2 names sanctification of the Spirit within the Trinitarian formula of election; must not collapse into a penitential/purgatorial framework of earned holiness.
Glory
Approved rendering: gloria
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake / Elders and Humility
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged; risk tier elevated to High in this curriculum because ‘gloria’ anchors the letter’s recurring suffering-then-glory pattern (1:7-8, 1:11, 1:21, 4:13-14, 5:1, 5:4, 5:10) and must retain eschatological divine honor, not human social honor accumulated through religious status.
Sin
Approved rendering: pecado
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: falta (minimizing euphemism common in pastoral speech)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged; risk tier elevated to High in this curriculum because ‘pecado’ is central to the letter’s atonement statement (2:22, 2:24, 3:18), never soften to ‘falta.‘
Election
Approved rendering: elección / elegido
Transliteration: eklogē / eklektos
Doctrine: Divine Election and Foreknowledge
Rejected alternatives: destino, suerte
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter addresses its recipients as ‘elegidos’ from the opening verse (1:1) and again at 2:9 and 5:13; extend the baseline’s caution against the fatalistic vernacular ‘destino/suerte.‘
Living Hope
Approved rendering: esperanza viva
Transliteration: elpis zōsa
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: esperanza (unqualified — risks reading as wishful optimism or fatalistic ‘lo que Dios quiera’)
Original: ἐλπὶς ζῶσα
Category: Hope
1 Peter 1:3. The letter’s central doctrinal theme and the curriculum’s theological anchor. The qualifier ‘viva’ must always be retained and explicitly taught as hope anchored in a historical, bodily resurrection, never as passive fatalism.
New Birth
Approved rendering: nos hizo nacer de nuevo / nuevo nacimiento / renacidos
Transliteration: anagennaō
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Rejected alternatives: ‘nacer de nuevo’ taught as a denominational-identity badge rather than the NT’s own monergistic new-birth category
Original: ἀναγεννάω
Category: New Birth
1 Peter 1:3, 1:23. ‘Nacer de nuevo’ carries strong Protestant-evangelical sub-cultural branding in Latin America, often distinguishing ‘born-again’ believers from nominal/cultural Catholics; must be taught as the New Testament’s own God-initiated category, not a social badge.
Various Trials
Approved rendering: diversas pruebas
Transliteration: poikiloi peirasmoi
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: tentaciones (reads as enticement to sin, as in the Lord’s Prayer’s ‘no nos dejes caer en tentación’)
Original: ποικίλοι πειρασμοί
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 1:6, 4:12 (as ‘prueba de fuego’). Standardize on ‘pruebas’ throughout the curriculum; never ‘tentaciones.‘
Tested Genuineness
Approved rendering: la autenticidad probada de la fe / la prueba de la fe
Transliteration: dokimion
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: any rendering implying faith is manufactured or merited through suffering
Original: δοκίμιον
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 1:7. Suffering proves, it does not produce, saving faith.
Soul
Approved rendering: alma
Transliteration: psychē
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection / Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: reading through the Espiritismo/purgatorial ‘ánimas’ framework without explicit correction
Original: ψυχή
Category: Anthropology
1 Peter 1:9, 1:22, 2:11, 2:25, 3:20, 4:19. In popular Latin American piety (‘el alma de los difuntos,’ ‘las ánimas del purgatorio,’ Espiritismo’s cult of ancestral souls), ‘alma’ easily imports assumptions of a soul in transit through purgatorial or spiritist states; must be taught against that backdrop explicitly as the whole inner person, not a disembodied ghost-soul.
Sojourners Exiles
Approved rendering: extranjeros y peregrinos
Transliteration: paroikoi kai parepidēmoi
Doctrine: Sojourner and Exile Identity
Rejected alternatives: exiliados (too politically loaded for this context)
Original: πάροικοι καὶ παρεπίδημοι
Category: Church
1 Peter 1:1, 1:17, 2:11. Given the scale of real migration, displacement, and xenophobia across the Spanish-speaking world, this metaphor lands with unusual pastoral force; teach as a theological identity for every believer without minimizing real migrants’ experience.
Foreknowledge
Approved rendering: previo conocimiento / presciencia de Dios
Transliteration: prognōsis
Doctrine: Divine Election and Foreknowledge
Original: πρόγνωσις
Category: God
1 Peter 1:2, 1:20. A live Reformed/Catholic-Arminian fault line analogous to the baseline’s ‘elección’ caution; teach without over-resolving the predestination debate more decisively than the text itself does.
Sprinkling Of Blood
Approved rendering: rociamiento de la sangre
Transliteration: rhantismos haimatos
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: aspersión (Catholic holy-water liturgical association)
Original: ῥαντισμὸς αἵματος
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 1:2. Use ‘rociamiento’ and supply Exodus 24:8 covenant background so the phrase is read as covenant-ratification, not a liturgical purification ritual.
Precious Blood Lamb
Approved rendering: sangre preciosa… como de cordero sin mancha y sin defecto
Transliteration: haima timion… amnou amōmou kai aspilou
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: αἷμα τίμιον… ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου καὶ ἀσπίλου
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 1:19. Requires explicit Passover/Exodus 12 and sacrificial-system background teaching, since this typology cannot be assumed without Old Testament catechesis.
Foreknown Before Foundation
Approved rendering: destinado desde antes de la fundación del mundo
Transliteration: proegnōsmenou pro katabolēs kosmou
Doctrine: Christology (Christ’s Preexistence)
Original: προγνωσμένου πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου
Category: Christology
1 Peter 1:20. Reinforces, and must not compete with, the baseline’s Critical ‘son_of_god’ entry on Christ’s eternal Sonship.
Imperishable Seed Living Word
Approved rendering: simiente incorruptible / palabra de Dios que vive y permanece
Transliteration: spora aphthartos, logou Theou zōntos kai menontos
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Original: σπορὰ ἄφθαρτος, λόγος Θεοῦ ζῶντος καὶ μένοντος
Category: New Birth
1 Peter 1:23. Ties the new birth causally to the living, authoritative word of God, not to sacramental rite alone.
Living Stone
Approved rendering: piedra viva
Transliteration: lithos zōn
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: a static building-stone-only reading
Original: λίθος ζῶν
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:4-5. The ‘living’ qualifier carries the resurrection doctrine forward into ecclesiology; must not collapse into an inert building metaphor.
Spiritual Sacrifices
Approved rendering: sacrificios espirituales
Transliteration: pneumatikai thysiai
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: framing as an ongoing propitiatory/atoning sacrifice (Eucharistic re-presentation collision)
Original: πνευματικαὶ θυσίαι
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:5. Non-atoning sacrifices of praise, obedience, and life, offered because Christ’s atoning sacrifice is already complete and unrepeatable.
Chosen Race Holy Nation
Approved rendering: linaje escogido, nación santa, pueblo adquirido por Dios
Transliteration: genos eklekton, ethnos hagion, laos eis peripoiēsin
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: γένος ἐκλεκτόν, ἔθνος ἅγιον, λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:9. Old-Testament-Israel titles (Exodus 19:5-6; Isaiah 43:20-21) now applied to the mixed Jew-Gentile church; 1 Peter never uses ἐκκλησία, so these metaphors carry its ecclesiology instead.
Healed By His Wounds
Approved rendering: por su herida fuisteis sanados
Transliteration: tō mōlōpi autou iathēte
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: a guaranteed-physical-healing (prosperity gospel) reading isolated from context
Original: τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ ἰάθητε
Category: Atonement
1 Peter 2:24, citing Isaiah 53:5. Context (suffering unjustly, dying to sin) shows the primary referent is healing from sin’s dominion, not a blanket physical-healing guarantee; flag against prosperity-gospel/Word-of-Faith isolation of this clause.
Shepherd Overseer Of Souls
Approved rendering: Pastor y Obispo de vuestras almas
Transliteration: poimēn kai episkopos tōn psychōn
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering / Elders and Humility
Rejected alternatives: endorsing or referencing any specific institutional episcopal office
Original: ποιμὴν καὶ ἐπίσκοπος τῶν ψυχῶν
Category: Christology
1 Peter 2:25. ‘Obispo’ is a loaded institutional-office term; must be taught as Christ’s own unique oversight of every believer. Optional teaching gloss: ‘guardián de vuestras almas.‘
Gentle Quiet Spirit
Approved rendering: espíritu afable y apacible
Transliteration: praeōs kai hēsychiou pneumatos
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Rejected alternatives: a command to general female silence detached from the passage’s specific marital context
Original: πραέως καὶ ἡσυχίου πνεύματος
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 3:4. An inward disposition of trust before God, commendable to any believer (cf. Matthew 5:5’s ‘mansos’).
Weaker Vessel
Approved rendering: vaso más frágil
Transliteration: asthenesteron skeuos
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Rejected alternatives: a statement of spiritual or ontological inferiority
Original: ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος
Category: Submission
1 Peter 3:7. Comparative physical strength within the specific marriage relationship; must always be balanced with ‘coherederos de la gracia de la vida’ in the same verse.
Antitype Baptism
Approved rendering: figura / antitipo correspondiente
Transliteration: antitypon
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: a baptismal-regeneration (ex opere operato sacramental efficacy) reading, a purely symbolic reading that erases the text’s ‘salva’ language
Original: ἀντίτυπον
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 3:21. Structurally analogous to the baseline’s Critical caution on ‘justificación’ (forensic vs. infused). MANDATORY theologian review.
Fiery Ordeal
Approved rendering: prueba de fuego
Transliteration: pyrōsis
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: tentación
Original: πύρωσις
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 4:12. The letter’s most vivid restatement of the ‘diverse trials’ of 1:6-7; render consistently with ‘pruebas,’ never ‘tentaciones.‘
Participants In Christs Sufferings
Approved rendering: sois partícipes de los padecimientos de Cristo
Transliteration: koinōneite tois tou Christou pathēmasin
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: κοινωνεῖτε τοῖς τοῦ Χριστοῦ παθήμασιν
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 4:13. A much higher-stakes sense of the same root behind the baseline’s Low-risk ‘compañerismo’; do not under-weight this occurrence as mere social fellowship.
Christian Identity
Approved rendering: cristiano
Transliteration: Christianos
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: Χριστιανός
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 4:16. Low lexical risk but high doctrinal weight: one of the New Testament’s earliest uses of this identity-label, specifically in a context of suffering for bearing the name.
Shepherd The Flock
Approved rendering: pastoread el rebaño
Transliteration: poimanate to poimnion
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ποιμάνατε τὸ ποίμνιον
Category: Leadership
1 Peter 5:2. Ties elder leadership explicitly to Christ’s own shepherding (2:25) and the Chief Shepherd title (5:4) — leadership as care, not institutional control.
Clothe Yourselves With Humility
Approved rendering: revestíos de humildad
Transliteration: enkombōsasthe tapeinophrosynēn
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Rejected alternatives: a generic ‘sed humildes’ that loses the vivid apron-tying servant image
Original: ἐγκομβώσασθε ταπεινοφροσύνην
Category: Leadership
1 Peter 5:5. Recover the deliberate, servant-garment image in teaching notes, possibly echoing Christ’s towel in John 13.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: paz
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: tranquilidad emocional
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in 1 Peter’s opening greeting (1:2, ‘Gracia y paz os sean multiplicadas’) and closing blessing (5:14), mirroring the Romans epistolary pattern exactly.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: dones espirituales
Transliteration: charismata
Doctrine: Stewardship of Gifts and Service
Rejected alternatives: poderes espirituales, carisma (contemporary Spanish sense of personal magnetism/charm or the Charismatic movement)
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. At 4:10, gifts are entrusted to believers as ‘buenos administradores’ (stewards); must not be read through the folk-healing ‘dones’ framework of curanderismo or Santería’s initiatory gifts. Do not transliterate χάρισμα as ‘carisma.‘
Church
Approved rendering: iglesia
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: la Iglesia (institución jerárquica en sentido católico-institucional)
Original: ἐκκλησία (concept only — the word is not used in 1 Peter)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged, but used only as a synthesizing gloss for 1 Peter’s ecclesiology. 1 Peter never uses the Greek word ἐκκλησία; its ecclesiology is carried by ‘pueblo/casa/linaje/nación/sacerdocio’ metaphors. Do not force-map every occurrence of those metaphors onto ‘iglesia.‘
Gentiles
Approved rendering: gentiles
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: paganos (pejorative in modern Spanish)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged; risk tier elevated to Medium in this curriculum since 1 Peter 2:12 uses the term for the watching outside world whose judgment of Christian conduct is doctrinally significant.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: poder de Dios
Transliteration: dynamis Theou
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: δύναμις Θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. At 1:5, God’s power actively ‘guards’ believers toward final salvation, not a passive divine attribute.
Mercy
Approved rendering: misericordia
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: kindness earned back through penance/votive devotion
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:3. Must be taught alongside ‘gracia’ so mercy is not read as a general divine kindness earned back through penance, a common folk-Catholic frame for ‘pedir misericordia.‘
Inheritance
Approved rendering: herencia
Transliteration: klēronomia
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: an inheritance requiring purgatorial completion or additional merit
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:4. Must be taught as guaranteed and God-kept (‘reservada en los cielos’), not as a reward requiring purgatorial purification to finally claim.
Undefiled
Approved rendering: incontaminada / sin mancha
Transliteration: amiantos
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: inmaculada (collides with the Marian dogma of the Immaculate Conception)
Original: ἀμίαντος
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:4. Never use ‘inmaculada’ for this term; use ‘incontaminada’ or ‘sin mancha’ instead.
Guarded
Approved rendering: protegidos / guardados
Transliteration: phroureō
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: passive ‘almacenados/guardados’ without the active-garrison sense
Original: φρουρέω
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:5. Generic ‘guardados’ can flatten into passive safekeeping; teaching notes should recover the garrison/sentinel image so the term conveys God’s active, vigilant defense through trial.
Rejoice Greatly
Approved rendering: regocijarse / alegrarse grandemente
Transliteration: agalliaō
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: flattening to ordinary ‘estar contento’
Original: ἀγαλλιάω
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 1:6, 1:8. Intensive, exultant, worship-laden joy coexisting with real grief, stronger than casual happiness.
Inexpressible Joy
Approved rendering: gozo inefable y glorioso
Transliteration: chara aneklalētos kai dedoxasmenē
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: χαρὰ ἀνεκλάλητος καὶ δεδοξασμένη
Category: Faith
1 Peter 1:8. Must be taught as glory-infused joy anticipating final revelation, not merely emotional intensity.
Reverent Fear
Approved rendering: temor
Transliteration: phobos
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Rejected alternatives: servile terror, superstitious ‘miedo’ to bad luck or curses
Original: φόβος
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 1:17. Must be taught as reverence before a holy Father-Judge, not servile terror nor superstitious fear, a live folk-religious register in parts of Latin America.
Pure Spiritual Milk
Approved rendering: leche espiritual no adulterada
Transliteration: logikon adolon gala
Doctrine: Inspiration and Power of Scripture
Original: λογικὸν ἄδολον γάλα
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 2:2. Tied causally to Scripture as in 1:23; growth in holiness comes through the word, not through separate ritual means.
Cornerstone Stumbling Stone
Approved rendering: piedra angular / piedra de tropiezo
Transliteration: akrogōniaios / lithos proskomma
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: ἀκρογωνιαῖος / λίθος πρόσκομμα
Category: Christology
1 Peter 2:6-8. Standard Old Testament messianic allusions (Isaiah 28:16, Psalm 118:22); requires OT background.
Spiritual House
Approved rendering: casa espiritual
Transliteration: oikos pneumatikos
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: οἶκος πνευματικός
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:5. Reinforces the baseline caution on ‘iglesia’ as gathered people, not a physical structure.
Household Servant
Approved rendering: siervos
Transliteration: oiketēs
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: οἰκέτης
Category: Submission
1 Peter 2:18. Requires a historical-social note on Greco-Roman household slavery to avoid the text being read as a general endorsement of any current labor arrangement.
Angels Authorities Powers
Approved rendering: ángeles, autoridades y potestades
Transliteration: angeloi, exousiai, dynameis
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Original: ἄγγελοι, ἐξουσίαι, δυνάμεις
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:22. Standard cosmic-victory language reinforcing Christ’s exaltation.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: casa de Dios
Transliteration: oikos tou Theou
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:17. Corporate-identity ecclesiology term consistent with 2:5, 2:9.
Stewards
Approved rendering: administradores / mayordomos
Transliteration: oikonomoi
Doctrine: Stewardship of Gifts and Service
Original: οἰκονόμοι
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:10. Reinforces the baseline caution distinguishing Spirit-given gifts entrusted for others’ good from the folk-healing ‘dones’ framework of curanderismo and Santería.
Not For Shameful Gain
Approved rendering: no por ganancia deshonesta, sino de buena voluntad
Transliteration: mē aischrokerdōs alla hekousiōs
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: μὴ αἰσχροκερδῶς ἀλλὰ ἑκουσίως
Category: Leadership
1 Peter 5:2. Standard leadership-ethics vocabulary.
Chief Shepherd
Approved rendering: el Príncipe / Sumo Pastor
Transliteration: archipoimēn
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Rejected alternatives: a Catholic ecclesiastical title
Original: ἀρχιποίμην
Category: Christology
1 Peter 5:4. Exclusive to Christ; must not be confused with any ecclesiastical office.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apóstol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter 1:1: ‘Pedro, apóstol de Jesucristo.‘
Fellowship
Approved rendering: compañerismo
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: comunión de los santos (specific Catholic liturgical formula)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged for the general sense. See separate entry ‘participants_in_christs_sufferings’ for 1 Peter 4:13’s much higher-stakes extended use of the same root; do not under-weight that occurrence by treating it as this Low-risk base sense.
Prophet
Approved rendering: profeta
Transliteration: prophētēs
Doctrine: Inspiration and Power of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: vidente, adivino
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. 1 Peter 1:10-12: the prophets searched and inquired about the salvation now announced.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: profecía
Transliteration: prophēteia
Doctrine: Inspiration and Power of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: horóscopo, predicción esotérica
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Related to 1 Peter 1:10-12’s testimony of the Spirit of Christ beforehand to sufferings and glories.
Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: amor fraternal
Transliteration: philadelphia
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Church
1 Peter 1:22, 3:8. Standard, unambiguous term.
Conduct
Approved rendering: conducta
Transliteration: anastrophē
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: ἀναστροφή
Category: Sanctification
The letter’s master term for Holiness in Conduct, recurring at 1:15, 1:18, 2:12, 3:1-2, 3:16. Must remain lexically consistent across every occurrence.
Reasoned Defense
Approved rendering: razón / defensa
Transliteration: apologia
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: ἀπολογία
Category: Faith
1 Peter 3:15. Source of the transliterated technical gloss ‘apologética,’ reserved for teacher-facing material only, not the translated Scripture text.
Ark
Approved rendering: arca
Transliteration: kibōtos
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Original: κιβωτός
Category: Covenant
1 Peter 3:20. Standard, fully naturalized term.
Hospitality
Approved rendering: hospitalidad
Transliteration: philoxenia
Doctrine: Stewardship of Gifts and Service
Original: φιλοξενία
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:9. Standard term.
Casting Your Anxiety
Approved rendering: echando toda vuestra ansiedad sobre él
Transliteration: epiripsantes tēn merimnan hymōn ep’ auton
Doctrine: Sustaining Grace Amid Persecution
Original: ἐπιρίψαντες τὴν μέριμναν ὑμῶν ἐπ’ αὐτόν
Category: Faith
1 Peter 5:7. Standard pastoral vocabulary.
Adversary Roaring Lion
Approved rendering: diablo, león rugiente
Transliteration: antidikos… diabolos… leōn ōryomenos
Doctrine: Sustaining Grace Amid Persecution
Original: ἀντίδικος… διάβολος… λέων ὠρυόμενος
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 5:8. This vivid predator-image must not be conflated with folk-religious protective/curse practices (amulets, spiritual cleansings/limpias); the text’s own remedy is resistance ‘firmes en la fe,’ not ritual protection objects.
Kiss Of Love
Approved rendering: beso de amor / ósculo santo
Transliteration: philēma agapēs
Doctrine: Mutual Love and Humility in Community
Original: φίλημα ἀγάπης
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:14. Clarify as a first-century kinship-greeting custom, not a prescribed liturgical practice, to avoid confusion with any particular denomination’s ritual kiss of peace.
Referenced passages