Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis: Luke (English → Spanish)
Purpose
This document executes PRD Phase 1 Step 4 (full-book doctrine matrix) for the Luke curriculum. It is built chapter-by-chapter across the entire Gospel (Luke 1–24), per the PRD’s full-book-coverage mandate, and is fully consistent with assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json: every doctrine name, risk tier, and review routing below matches that registry exactly. No doctrine, risk tier, or routing decision here contradicts the registry; this document exists to show where in the book each registry doctrine surfaces, chapter by chapter, and to confirm that every chapter has been reviewed — including chapters that contribute no new doctrine beyond what is already logged.
Risk tiers and review routing follow the baseline Romans convention exactly:
- Critical — human theologian review required for every occurrence
- High — human theologian review required
- Medium — native speaker review recommended
- Low — automated review sufficient
Chapter-by-Chapter Doctrine Matrix
Luke 1 — Annunciations and the Magnificat/Benedictus
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incarnation | 1:31-35 | High | Catechetical narrowing to “Christmas scene only”; must convey permanent assumption of human nature, not a seasonal image. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Eternal Sonship of Christ | 1:32, 1:35 | Critical | Must not read as honorary/adoptive sonship; Gabriel’s announcement is of eternal, unique divine Sonship. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ | 1:43, 1:76 | Critical | ”Señor” here (Elizabeth’s greeting; John’s prophetic role “preparará los caminos del Señor”) must retain supreme-authority force, not devotional-only. | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All People | 1:47, 1:69-71 | Critical | Mary’s and Zechariah’s songs proclaim decisive rescue; must not be diluted toward a generic benefactor title. | Human theologian |
| Grace | 1:30 | High | ”Favorecida” (χαριτόω) risks Ave María “llena de gracia” reading Mary as a grace-reservoir rather than recipient. | Human theologian |
| Kingdom Reversal: Blessing on Poor, Woe to Rich | 1:46-55 | High | Magnificat’s reversal (“derribó del trono… a los hambrientos llenó de bienes”) must retain genuine social-reversal force. | Human theologian |
| The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | 1:15, 1:35, 1:41, 1:67 | Critical | Spirit’s active, personal direction of salvation history from before birth; must be distinguished from ancestral/guide-spirit frameworks. | Human theologian |
| Redemption and Deliverance | 1:68 | High | ”Ha redimido a su pueblo” — decisive divine act, not gradual self-improvement. | Human theologian |
| Davidic Covenant Fulfilled in New Covenant | 1:32, 1:69-70 | High | Requires explicit 2 Samuel 7 background; Gabriel’s promise of “el trono de David” anticipates 22:20. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 1 reviewed in full; every pericope (announcements to Zechariah and Mary, the Magnificat, Zechariah’s Benedictus) maps to a registry doctrine above. No unaddressed content.
Luke 2 — Birth, Presentation, and Boyhood of Jesus
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incarnation | 2:1-20 | High | The most culturally dominant Lukan passage in Hispanic tradition (la Navidad, el pesebre); risk of reducing doctrine to sentimental holiday scene. | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All People | 2:11, 2:30-32 | Critical | Angelic announcement conjoins Salvador/Cristo/Señor as one claim; Simeon’s Nunc Dimittis extends this to “toda la gente.” | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All Nations (Jew and Gentile) | 2:32 | High | ”Luz para revelación a los gentiles” — must retain full universal scope, not narrowed to Israel alone. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ | 2:11 | Critical | ”Un Salvador, que es Cristo el Señor” — the tripartite title must be taught as unified, not three loosely related descriptors. | Human theologian |
| Redemption and Deliverance | 2:38 | High | Anna’s proclamation of “la redención de Jerusalén” anticipates but does not yet consummate what 21:28 completes. | Human theologian |
| Grace | 2:40 | High | Child Jesus “crecía… y la gracia de Dios era sobre él” — standard, lower-friction occurrence, still logged per baseline consistency rule. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 2 reviewed in full, including the temple presentation (2:22-38) and the boy Jesus in the temple (2:41-52), both of which reinforce Incarnation and Savior doctrines above without introducing additional registry doctrines. Anna the widow (2:36-38) is a thematic anticipation of the “Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups” doctrine (Medium, primarily anchored at 5:12-13, 7:12, 14:13, 14:21, 18:35-43) but is not treated as a separate primary passage.
Luke 3 — John the Baptist and the Genealogy
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins | 3:3-14 | Critical | John’s baptism “de arrepentimiento para perdón de pecados” is the curriculum’s first full statement of this doctrine; must not collapse into ritual compliance alone. | Human theologian |
| Fruit of Repentance: Ethical Transformation | 3:8-14 | Medium | Concrete ethical demands (sharing, honest dealing) ground repentance in visible life-change. | Native speaker review |
| The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | 3:16, 3:22 | Critical | John’s promise of Spirit-baptism and the Spirit’s visible descent at Jesus’ baptism. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Eternal Sonship of Christ | 3:22 | Critical | The Father’s voice, “Tú eres mi Hijo amado,” is a direct divine confirmation of unique Sonship. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 3 reviewed in full. The genealogy (3:23-38) reinforces Davidic and Adamic lineage themes already logged under Davidic Covenant (Chapter 1) and Incarnation; no separate doctrine row required.
Luke 4 — Temptation and the Nazareth Sermon (CORE PASSAGE)
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Messianic Fulfillment in Jesus | Luke 4:16-21 | Critical | THE core passage. “Hoy se ha cumplido esta Escritura” is the interpretive key to the whole Gospel; “cumplido” must never soften to “se relaciona con.” | Human theologian |
| Jubilee Liberation and Forgiveness of Sins (ἄφεσις) | 4:18-19 | Critical | New critical concept for Spanish: one Greek word spans “libertad a los cautivos” and “perdón de pecados”; every occurrence needs a cross-referencing note. | Human theologian |
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | 4:18 | Critical | ”Anunciar buenas nuevas a los pobres” must retain the literal economic/social referent, not be spiritualized away. | Human theologian |
| Inspiration and Fulfillment of Scripture | 4:21 | High | Scripture’s own fulfillment claim must stand independent of ecclesial ratification. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 4:43 | High | ”Predicar el reino de Dios” — the phrase’s first major Lukan use outside the infancy narrative. | Human theologian |
| Temptation and Testing | 4:1-13 | Medium | Distinguish divine testing (endured faithfully) from a temptation capable of succeeding. | Native speaker review |
| The Authority of Christ | 4:32, 4:36 | Medium | Jesus’ inherent teaching/healing authority, distinct from scribal or institutional authority. | Native speaker review |
| Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ | 4:16 | Low | Standard setting term (“sinagoga,” “sábado”); core passage’s narrative frame. | Automated review |
| The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | 4:1, 4:14, 4:18 | Critical | The Spirit leads Jesus into the wilderness, empowers his Galilean ministry, and anoints him for the Nazareth proclamation — three consecutive Spirit-references framing the core passage. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 4 fully reviewed; the exorcisms and healings at Capernaum (4:31-41) reinforce Authority of Christ and are not treated as a separate row.
Luke 5 — Calling of Disciples, Healing, and Controversy
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins | 5:20-24 | Critical | The paralytic’s forgiveness is God’s direct act, pronounced by Jesus, not mediated absolution. | Human theologian |
| Son of Man’s Divine Authority | 5:24 | Critical | ”El Hijo del Hombre tiene autoridad… para perdonar pecados” — the title’s Danielic authority claim, keyed to a concrete act of forgiveness; must not collapse into a merely humble self-reference. | Human theologian |
| Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners | 5:27-32 | Critical | Levi’s banquet: Jesus deliberately eats with named social outcasts (“publicanos y pecadores”); must retain the concrete social scandal. | Human theologian |
| Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups | 5:12-13 | Medium | The leper’s healing; concrete, named social category (ritual/social exclusion). | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 5 fully reviewed. The calling of the first disciples (5:1-11) and the wineskins saying (5:33-39) reinforce Cost of Discipleship and Kingdom themes thematically but are not separately keyed to registry primary passages.
Luke 6 — Sermon on the Plain
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom Reversal: Blessing on Poor, Woe to Rich | 6:20-26 | High | ”Bienaventurados los pobres” / “ay de vosotros ricos” — declarative pronouncement, not subjective happiness-report; “ay” must retain genuine warning force. | Human theologian |
| Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ | 6:1-11 | Low | Two Sabbath controversies; standard, stable vocabulary. | Automated review |
| Apostleship and Sending | 6:13 | Low | Naming of the Twelve as “apóstoles”; unambiguous term. | Automated review |
Coverage note: Chapter 6 fully reviewed. The remainder of the Sermon on the Plain (love of enemies, judging, the two builders, 6:27-49) reinforces Cost of Discipleship and ethical-fruit themes already logged elsewhere; no new registry row required.
Luke 7 — Centurion’s Servant, the Widow’s Son, and the Sinful Woman
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faith | 7:9, 7:50 | High | Both the Gentile centurion and the sinful woman — social outsiders — are commended for faith over religious insiders; this pattern must be preserved, not smoothed. | Human theologian |
| Jesus’ Visceral Compassion | 7:13 | High | σπλαγχνίζομαι at the widow of Nain’s son’s funeral; must convey embodied, action-producing compassion, not detached “lástima.” | Human theologian |
| Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω) | 7:50 | Critical | ”Tu fe te ha salvado” to the sinful woman — must not force an artificial split between forgiveness and restoration. | Human theologian |
| Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners | 7:36-50 | Critical | The Pharisee Simon’s table, the sinful woman’s anointing; concrete boundary-crossing hospitality scandal. | Human theologian |
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | 7:22 | Critical | Jesus’ answer to John’s disciples: “a los pobres es anunciado el evangelio” — summary confirmation of the core passage’s programmatic claim. | Human theologian |
| Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups | 7:12 | Medium | The widow of Nain — paradigmatic vulnerable figure. | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 7 fully reviewed.
Luke 8 — Parables, the Storm, and Two Deliverances
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faith | 8:25, 8:48 | High | The disciples’ fear in the storm (“¿dónde está vuestra fe?”) and the bleeding woman’s healing faith. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 8:1, 8:10 | High | The Sower parable’s “misterios del reino de Dios.” | Human theologian |
| Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω) | 8:48 | Critical | ”Tu fe te ha salvado” repeated pattern; the bleeding woman’s healing and restoration to community as one act. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 8 fully reviewed. The Legion deliverance (8:26-39) and Jairus’ daughter (8:40-56) reinforce Authority of Christ and Faith themes without introducing new registry rows.
Luke 9 — Mission, Transfiguration, and the Road to Jerusalem Begins
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Son of Man’s Divine Authority | 9:22, 9:26, 9:44, 9:58 | Critical | First passion prediction, glory sayings, and “el Hijo del Hombre no tiene dónde reclinar la cabeza” — the title spans suffering, glory, and homelessness; must stay lexically distinct from “Hijo de Dios.” | Human theologian |
| Deity and Eternal Sonship of Christ | 9:35 | Critical | Transfiguration: “Este es mi Hijo, el Escogido” — direct divine confirmation, distinct from Peter’s earlier confession of Messiah. | Human theologian |
| The Cost of Discipleship | 9:23, 9:57-62 | High | ”Tome su cruz cada día” (9:23) and the three would-be followers (9:57-62) — foundational cost texts. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 9:2, 9:60 | High | Sending of the Twelve to proclaim the kingdom; “id y anunciad el reino de Dios.” | Human theologian |
| Evangelism and Mission Sending | 9:1-6 | Medium | First mission discourse; proclamation/sending language preferred over confrontational framing. | Native speaker review |
| Public Confession of Christ | 9:26 | High | ”El que se avergonzare de mí… el Hijo del Hombre se avergonzará de él” — public dimension of allegiance. | Human theologian |
| Bodily Resurrection of Christ | 9:22 | Critical | First passion-and-resurrection prediction; must anticipate 24:1-46 consistently. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 9 fully reviewed, including the Transfiguration (9:28-36), feeding of the 5,000 (9:10-17), and Peter’s confession (9:18-20, thematically tied to Messianic Fulfillment).
Luke 10 — The Seventy-Two, the Good Samaritan, Mary and Martha
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unity Across Jew, Samaritan, and Gentile Boundaries | 10:25-37 | High | The Good Samaritan’s force depends entirely on first-century Jewish-Samaritan hostility, which must be supplied by an explicit teaching note. | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All Nations (Jew and Gentile) | 10:25-37 | High | The despised outsider as moral exemplar; “prójimo” (neighbor) is radically redefined. | Human theologian |
| Evangelism and Mission Sending | 10:1-12 | Medium | Sending of the Seventy-Two; proclamation/witness framing preferred. | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 10 fully reviewed. Mary and Martha (10:38-42) reinforces discipleship priorities thematically; no additional registry row required.
Luke 11 — Teaching on Prayer and Controversy with Religious Leaders
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer and Dependence on God | 11:1-13 | Critical | The Lord’s Prayer and “pedid, buscad, llamad” — direct, intimate filial address; must not default to saint/Marian mediation as the model. | Human theologian |
| Temptation and Testing | 11:4 | Medium | ”No nos metas en tentación” within the Lord’s Prayer. | Native speaker review |
| The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | 11:13 | Critical | ”¿Cuánto más vuestro Padre… os dará el Espíritu Santo?” — the Father’s gift of the personal Spirit to those who ask. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 11 fully reviewed. The controversy discourses against the Pharisees and legal teachers (11:37-54, including “hipocresía”) contribute vocabulary already logged in the Core Glossary (08) Part B but do not introduce a new item in the doctrine risk registry; noted here as reviewed with no additional doctrine row required.
Luke 12 — Warnings, Watchfulness, and Public Confession
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Confession of Christ | 12:8-9 | High | ”Todo aquel que me confesare delante de los hombres…” — conceptually parallel to the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession consistency rule. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 12 fully reviewed. Teaching on anxiety, possessions, the rich fool, and watchful servants (12:13-48) reinforces the Kingdom of God and Prayer/Dependence doctrines thematically but is not separately keyed to a registry primary passage; no new row required.
Luke 13 — Repentance Warnings and Kingdom Parables
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 13:18-21 | High | Mustard seed and yeast parables — small, hidden, but certain growth. | Human theologian |
| Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ | 13:10-17 | Low | Healing of the crippled woman on the Sabbath. | Automated review |
Coverage note: Chapter 13 fully reviewed. The tower of Siloam/fig tree warnings (13:1-9) reinforce Repentance thematically without a separate registry row.
Luke 14 — Banquet Teachings and the Cost of Discipleship
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Cost of Discipleship | 14:26-27, 14:33 | High | ”Aborrecer” padre y madre — Semitic idiom of relative preference; literal “odiar” risks being read as a genuine command to hatred rather than comparative priority. Requires explicit translator note every occurrence. | Human theologian |
| Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups | 14:13, 14:21 | Medium | The banquet guest list: “pobres, mancos, cojos y ciegos.” | Native speaker review |
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | 14:13, 14:21 | Critical | The banquet parable’s invitation list embodies the doctrine narratively. | Human theologian |
| Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ | 14:1-6 | Low | Healing on the Sabbath at a Pharisee’s table. | Automated review |
Coverage note: Chapter 14 fully reviewed.
Luke 15 — The Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, and Prodigal Son
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Being Lost and Being Found | 15:1-32 | High | Controlling image of all three parables; “perdido” must carry full salvation-historical weight, not mere carelessness/misplacement. | Human theologian |
| Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners | 15:1-2 | Critical | The Pharisees’ complaint (“este recibe a los pecadores, y come con ellos”) frames the whole chapter. | Human theologian |
| The Joy of Discipleship | 15:7, 15:10, 15:32 | Medium | Heaven’s joy over one repentant sinner; relational, communal joy, not generic “felicidad.” | Native speaker review |
| Jesus’ Visceral Compassion | 15:20 | High | The father running to embrace his shamed son — embodied, socially undignified compassion. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 15 fully reviewed. The prodigal son’s restored sonship (15:11-32) is a thematic echo of Adoption doctrine from the baseline Romans package (Part A) and must be taught as distinct from Christ’s own eternal Sonship (Chapter 1, 3, 9 rows above).
Luke 16 — Parables of Wealth and Warning
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom Reversal: Blessing on Poor, Woe to Rich | 16:19-31 | High | The rich man and Lazarus — reversal of fortune as vindication, not merely a moral tale. | Human theologian |
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | 16:19-31 | Critical | Lazarus as the concrete embodiment of the poor to whom the gospel is good news. | Human theologian |
| Hades: The Intermediate State of the Dead | 16:23 | Medium | ”Hades” must be distinguished from popular Spanish conflation with “el infierno” (final hell). | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 16 fully reviewed. The Parable of the Dishonest Manager and the mammon saying (16:1-13) contribute the new-term “mamonás/riquezas” vocabulary logged in the Core Glossary (08) Part B but are not a separate registry doctrine; the “ley y los profetas” saying (16:16-17) reinforces Inspiration/Fulfillment thematically.
Luke 17 — Faith, Forgiveness, and the Ten Lepers
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unity Across Jew, Samaritan, and Gentile Boundaries | 17:11-19 | High | The one grateful leper is a Samaritan — the outsider’s gratitude contrasted with the nine insiders’ silence. | Human theologian |
| Thanksgiving and Gratitude | 17:16 | Low | The Samaritan leper’s exemplary thanksgiving. | Automated review |
| Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω) | 17:19 | Critical | ”Tu fe te ha salvado” — again holding healing and salvation together. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 17:20-21 | High | ”El reino de Dios está entre vosotros” — the “already” pole balancing 21:31’s “not yet.” | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 17 fully reviewed. The forgiveness teaching (17:3-4) reinforces Repentance and Forgiveness thematically without a new row.
Luke 18 — Persistent Prayer, the Pharisee and Tax Collector, and the Rich Ruler
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer and Dependence on God | 18:1-8 | Critical | The persistent widow parable teaches unrelenting, dependent prayer. | Human theologian |
| Faith | 18:8, 18:42 | High | ”¿Hallará fe en la tierra?” and the blind beggar’s faith. | Human theologian |
| Justification by Faith, Not Self-Righteousness | 18:9-14 | Critical | The tax collector, not the Pharisee, is “justificado” — forensic declaration by grace, matching the baseline’s imputed-righteousness caution exactly. | Human theologian |
| The Cost of Discipleship | 18:22, 18:28-30 | High | The rich ruler’s refusal; “vende todo lo que tienes” and Peter’s “lo hemos dejado todo.” | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 18:16-17, 18:24-25, 18:29 | High | Children and the kingdom; the camel/needle saying; “por causa del reino de Dios.” | Human theologian |
| Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω) | 18:42 | Critical | The blind beggar at Jericho: “tu fe te ha salvado.” | Human theologian |
| Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups | 18:35-43 | Medium | The blind beggar as a paradigmatic marginalized figure. | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 18 fully reviewed.
Luke 19 — Zacchaeus, the Triumphal Entry, and Weeping over Jerusalem
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesus as Savior for All People | 19:9-10 | Critical | Zacchaeus, the despised chief tax collector, receives salvation “hoy” — decisive, not gradual. | Human theologian |
| Being Lost and Being Found | 19:10 | High | ”El Hijo del Hombre vino a buscar y a salvar lo que se había perdido” — the mission-statement verse; requires verbatim consistency across all Phase 2 documents. | Human theologian |
| The Joy of Discipleship | 19:6 | Medium | Zacchaeus receives Jesus “con gozo.” | Native speaker review |
| The Ironic and True Kingship of Christ | 19:38 | High | The triumphal entry’s acclamation “¡Bendito el Rey!” anticipates the trial’s irony in Chapter 23. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 19 fully reviewed. Fruit of Repentance is reinforced by Zacchaeus’ voluntary restitution (19:8), already logged under that doctrine’s primary passages (3:8-14, 19:8).
Luke 20 — Authority Challenged and the Question of the Resurrection
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lordship of Christ | 20:41-44 | Critical | ”David mismo le llama Señor” — Christ’s authority over David; a unified claim with 1:43, 1:76, 2:11. | Human theologian |
| The Authority of Christ | 20:1-8 | Medium | ”¿Con qué autoridad haces estas cosas?” — the religious leaders’ direct challenge. | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 20 fully reviewed. The Sadducees’ resurrection question (20:27-40) is a general-resurrection debate that prepares the reader for Christ’s own resurrection in Chapter 24; it is contextually related to, but not itself a primary passage of, the “Bodily Resurrection of Christ” doctrine (whose primary passages are 9:22, 24:1-12, 24:34, 24:46). Noted here as reviewed with no separate registry row required.
Luke 21 — The Widow’s Offering and the Olivet Discourse
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesus as Savior for All Nations (Jew and Gentile) | 21:24 | High | ”Los gentiles hollarán a Jerusalén” — the nations’ role within God’s unfolding plan. | Human theologian |
| Redemption and Deliverance | 21:28 | High | ”Vuestra redención está cerca” — future consummation, bookending 1:68 and 2:38. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | 21:31 | High | ”El reino de Dios está cerca” — the “not yet” pole balancing 17:21’s “already.” | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 21 fully reviewed. The widow’s offering (21:1-4) reinforces Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups thematically (paradigmatic widow figure) without a separate primary-passage row.
Luke 22 — The Last Supper, Gethsemane, and Arrest
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Crucifixion and Atoning Death of Christ | 22:19-20 | Critical | Institution of the Supper; “cuerpo/sangre” and “nuevo pacto” intersect with cross-tradition Eucharistic sensitivities requiring non-partisan phrasing. | Human theologian |
| Davidic Covenant Fulfilled in the New Covenant | 22:20 | High | ”Este pacto… con mi sangre” — the covenant vocabulary’s climactic occurrence. | Human theologian |
| Prayer and Dependence on God | 22:39-46 | Critical | Gethsemane: “Padre, si quieres, aparta de mí esta copa” — Jesus’ own model of dependent, filial prayer under extreme distress. | Human theologian |
| Temptation and Testing | 22:40, 22:46 | Medium | ”Orad para que no entréis en tentación” — repeated at Gethsemane. | Native speaker review |
| Apostleship and Sending | 22:14 | Low | ”Los apóstoles” at the table; standard term. | Automated review |
| Son of Man’s Divine Authority | 22:69 | Critical | ”El Hijo del Hombre se sentará a la diestra del poder de Dios” — before the Sanhedrin, the title’s exalted authority claim reaches its climax. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 22 fully reviewed. Peter’s denial predicted (22:31-34) reinforces Cost of Discipleship thematically without a separate row.
Luke 23 — Trial, Crucifixion, and Death
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Crucifixion and Atoning Death of Christ | 23:33, 23:44-46 | Critical | The historical execution itself; must retain full historical and theological weight, no euphemistic softening. | Human theologian |
| The Ironic and True Kingship of Christ | 23:2-3, 23:37-38 | High | The mocking inscription “Rey de los judíos” is, in Luke’s irony, a true and climactic royal/messianic title. | Human theologian |
| Paradise and Immediate Assurance of Salvation | 23:39-43 | High | ”Hoy estarás conmigo en el paraíso” — immediate, complete presence with Christ, not a delayed purgatorial process. | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All People | 23:39-43 | Critical | Salvation extended to a condemned criminal at the very moment of death — the doctrine’s most extreme test case. | Human theologian |
Coverage note: Chapter 23 fully reviewed. The centurion’s confession (“verdaderamente este hombre era justo,” 23:47) reinforces Righteousness/Justification vocabulary from the baseline Romans package.
Luke 24 — Resurrection, Emmaus, and the Ascension
| Doctrine | Supporting passages | Risk | Translation risk (summary) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bodily Resurrection of Christ | 24:1-12, 24:34, 24:46 | Critical | The empty tomb, appearances, and Jesus’ own testimony; must remain bodily, historical, once-for-all — never conflated with 2:34’s unrelated metaphorical “caída y levantamiento.” | Human theologian |
| Inspiration and Fulfillment of Scripture | 24:25-27, 24:44-46 | High | The Emmaus road and upper-room teaching: “era necesario que el Cristo padeciese… y resucitase” — the whole Old Testament’s fulfillment in Christ. | Human theologian |
| Evangelism and Mission Sending | 24:47-49 | Medium | ”Predicar en su nombre el arrepentimiento y el perdón de pecados… a todas las naciones” — the Great Commission-parallel closing charge; requires verbatim consistency across Phase 2 documents. | Native speaker review |
| The Joy of Discipleship | 24:52 | Medium | The disciples’ return to Jerusalem “con gran gozo” after the ascension — the Gospel’s closing note. | Native speaker review |
Coverage note: Chapter 24 fully reviewed. This is the Gospel’s climax; all Critical-tier Christological doctrines (Messianic Fulfillment, Deity/Sonship, Lordship, Resurrection) converge here alongside the mission-sending doctrine that bridges Luke to Acts.
Full-Book Doctrine Summary (Cross-Reference to doctrine_risk_registry.json)
The following table confirms full alignment with assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json — same 41 doctrines, same risk tiers, same routing, with representative chapter distribution added.
| # | Doctrine | Risk | Chapters where it surfaces | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Messianic Fulfillment in Jesus | Critical | 2, 3, 4, 9, 20, 22, 24 | Human theologian |
| 2 | Jubilee Liberation and Forgiveness of Sins (ἄφεσις) | Critical | 4 | Human theologian |
| 3 | Deity and Eternal Sonship of Christ | Critical | 1, 3, 9 | Human theologian |
| 4 | Son of Man’s Divine Authority | Critical | 5, 9, 22 | Human theologian |
| 5 | Lordship of Christ | Critical | 1, 2, 20 | Human theologian |
| 6 | Jesus as Savior for All People | Critical | 1, 2, 19, 23 | Human theologian |
| 7 | Bodily Resurrection of Christ | Critical | 9, 24 | Human theologian |
| 8 | The Crucifixion and Atoning Death of Christ | Critical | 22, 23 | Human theologian |
| 9 | The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | Critical | 1, 3, 4, 11 | Human theologian |
| 10 | Justification by Faith, Not Self-Righteousness | Critical | 18 | Human theologian |
| 11 | Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω) | Critical | 7, 8, 17, 18 | Human theologian |
| 12 | Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins | Critical | 3, 5 | Human theologian |
| 13 | Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners | Critical | 5, 7, 15 | Human theologian |
| 14 | Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | Critical | 4, 7, 14, 16 | Human theologian |
| 15 | Prayer and Dependence on God | Critical | 11, 18, 22 | Human theologian |
| 16 | Inspiration and Fulfillment of Scripture | High | 4, 24 | Human theologian |
| 17 | The Incarnation | High | 1, 2 | Human theologian |
| 18 | The Ironic and True Kingship of Christ | High | 19, 23 | Human theologian |
| 19 | Jesus as Savior for All Nations (Jew and Gentile) | High | 2, 10, 21 | Human theologian |
| 20 | The Kingdom of God: Present and Future | High | 4, 8, 9, 13, 17, 18, 21 | Human theologian |
| 21 | Grace | High | 1, 2 | Human theologian |
| 22 | Faith | High | 7, 8, 18 | Human theologian |
| 23 | Jesus’ Visceral Compassion | High | 7, 15 | Human theologian |
| 24 | The Cost of Discipleship | High | 9, 14, 18 | Human theologian |
| 25 | Public Confession of Christ | High | 9, 12 | Human theologian |
| 26 | Redemption and Deliverance | High | 1, 2, 21 | Human theologian |
| 27 | Kingdom Reversal: Blessing on Poor, Woe to Rich | High | 1, 6, 16 | Human theologian |
| 28 | Unity Across Jew, Samaritan, and Gentile Boundaries | High | 10, 17 | Human theologian |
| 29 | Being Lost and Being Found | High | 15, 19 | Human theologian |
| 30 | Paradise and Immediate Assurance of Salvation | High | 23 | Human theologian |
| 31 | Davidic Covenant Fulfilled in New Covenant | High | 1, 22 | Human theologian |
| 32 | The Joy of Discipleship | Medium | 15, 19, 24 | Native speaker review |
| 33 | Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups | Medium | 2 (thematic), 5, 7, 14, 18, 21 (thematic) | Native speaker review |
| 34 | Hades: The Intermediate State of the Dead | Medium | 16 | Native speaker review |
| 35 | Fruit of Repentance: Ethical Transformation | Medium | 3, 19 | Native speaker review |
| 36 | Temptation and Testing | Medium | 4, 11, 22 | Native speaker review |
| 37 | The Authority of Christ | Medium | 4, 20 | Native speaker review |
| 38 | Evangelism and Mission Sending | Medium | 9, 10, 24 | Native speaker review |
| 39 | Thanksgiving and Gratitude | Low | 17 | Automated review |
| 40 | Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ | Low | 4, 6, 13, 14 | Automated review |
| 41 | Apostleship and Sending | Low | 6, 22 | Automated review |
Totals (matching registry risk_summary exactly): Critical: 15 · High: 16 · Medium: 7 · Low: 3 · Total requiring theologian review: 31 · Total requiring native speaker review: 7 · Total automated-only: 3.
This document must be loaded alongside assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json, assets/bible_term_registry.json, and assets/translation_memory.json before any Phase 2 segment translation of Luke begins. See analysis/08_core_glossary.md for the corresponding term-level detail and analysis/04_comparative_theology.md for cross-tradition interpretive risk.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Messianic Fulfillment in Jesus
Spanish name: el cumplimiento mesiánico en Jesús
Key terms: messiah, christ, fulfilled, anointed
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Jesus’ claim in the Nazareth synagogue that Isaiah’s specific messianic prophecy ‘se ha cumplido’ (πληρόω) in his own person is the interpretive key to the entire Gospel and this curriculum’s core passage. In popular Hispanic piety, which venerates many holy and exalted figures (santos, la Virgen, imágenes milagrosas), ‘Mesías’ must be taught as the unique, exclusive fulfillment of a specific Old Testament promise, not one exalted figure among many; ‘cumplido’ must never soften into ‘se relaciona con’ or ‘es parecido a.‘
Jubilee Liberation and Forgiveness of Sins (ἄφεσις)
Spanish name: la liberación del jubileo y el perdón de pecados
Key terms: aphesis, release, forgiveness, liberty, captives
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: this is a NEW critical concept for Spanish translators not present in the Romans baseline. The single Greek word ἄφεσις spans both social/economic liberation (4:18’s ‘libertad a los cautivos’) and forgiveness of sins (‘perdón de pecados’ throughout). Spanish requires two different words (libertad/perdón), risking the loss of Luke’s deliberate unification of social liberation and forgiveness of sins as one kingdom reality; every occurrence requires a cross-referencing teaching note so learners do not treat these as two unrelated doctrines.
Deity and Eternal Sonship of Christ
Spanish name: la divinidad y filiación eterna de Cristo
Key terms: son of God, Hijo de Dios, beloved Son
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: as in the Romans baseline, Jesus’ unique divine Sonship must not be confused with the adoptive ‘hijos de Dios’ language later applied to believers (e.g., the prodigal son’s restored sonship, ch.15), nor softened by popular piety’s heavy emphasis on saintly and Marian intermediaries, which can blur Christ’s singular divine status if not taught with explicit care.
Son of Man’s Divine Authority
Spanish name: la autoridad divina del Hijo del Hombre
Key terms: Son of Man, Hijo del Hombre
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: NEW title for this curriculum. ‘Hijo del Hombre’ must be kept lexically and conceptually distinct from ‘Hijo de Dios’ in Spanish teaching materials; the risk is that Spanish-speaking learners, hearing ‘Hombre,’ collapse the title into a merely humble human self-reference and lose the Danielic authority claim (the authority to forgive sins, 5:24) that the title actually asserts.
Lordship of Christ
Spanish name: el señorío de Cristo
Key terms: lord, Señor, David’s Lord
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: per baseline, ‘Señor’ must convey exclusive, supreme authority. Luke 2:11 conjoins Salvador, Señor, and Mesías in a single announcement; teaching must present these as one unified claim, resisting any drift toward a devotional-only title emptied of Christ’s supreme authority over David himself (20:41-44).
Jesus as Savior for All People (Rich and Poor, Jew and Outcast)
Spanish name: Jesús como Salvador de todo el pueblo, ricos y pobres
Key terms: savior, Salvador, salvation, today salvation has come
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘Salvador’ is a NEW critical term for this curriculum. Folk Catholic piety across the Spanish-speaking world readily applies devotional rescuer/protector titles to the Virgin and to canonized saints (e.g., regional titulares venerated as protectors); ‘Salvador’ must retain the same exclusive, decisive-rescue force as baseline ‘salvación,’ not become one benefactor title among several, especially given Luke’s insistence that this salvation reaches both the despised chief tax collector Zaqueo (19:9) and the condemned criminal on the cross (23:43).
Bodily Resurrection of Christ
Spanish name: la resurrección corporal de Cristo
Key terms: resurrection, resurrección, raised, he is risen
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: per baseline caution, must remain bodily, historical, once-for-all; in Caribbean and Afro-Caribbean contexts with active Espiritismo and Santería, distinguish explicitly from a spirit’s return or reincarnation. CAUTION SPECIFIC TO LUKE: must be distinguished from the unrelated metaphorical ‘falling and rising’ (πτῶσις καὶ ἀνάστασις, 2:34), which must NOT be rendered with ‘resurrección.‘
The Crucifixion and Atoning Death of Christ
Spanish name: la crucifixión y la muerte redentora de Cristo
Key terms: crucify, crucificar, cross, body and blood, new covenant
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: NEW standalone verb entry (crucificar) not separately registered in the Romans baseline. Must be rendered with full historical and theological weight; the Last Supper’s ‘cuerpo/sangre’ and ‘nuevo pacto’ language additionally intersects with cross-tradition sacramental sensitivities (Catholic Eucharistic theology vs. Protestant memorial views), requiring careful, non-partisan phrasing in teaching notes.
The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Spanish name: la obra del Espíritu Santo en la historia de la salvación
Key terms: Holy Spirit, Espíritu Santo, filled with the Spirit, power from on high
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Luke is the most Spirit-saturated Gospel; per baseline caution, the Holy Spirit must be taught as the personal, divine third Person of the Trinity actively directing salvation history from conception (1:35) through empowerment for mission (24:49), explicitly distinguished from the impersonal ancestral or ‘guide’ spirits invoked in Espiritismo and Santería, both live folk-religious frameworks in parts of the Caribbean and Latin America.
Justification by Faith, Not Self-Righteousness
Spanish name: la justificación por la fe, no por la propia justicia
Key terms: justified, justificado, tax collector, Pharisee
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: the Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector uses the same forensic verb family (δικαιόω) central to the Romans-Trent fault line documented in the baseline. The tax collector’s humble plea, not the Pharisee’s religious achievements, results in being ‘justificado’ (declared righteous); this must be preserved as a forensic declaration received by grace, not a gradual process of infused merit, matching the baseline’s imputed-righteousness caution exactly.
Holistic Salvation: Healing and Saving as One Act (σῴζω)
Spanish name: la salvación integral: sanar y salvar como un solo acto
Key terms: sozo, salvar, sanar, your faith has saved/healed you
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: NEW concept for this curriculum. The single Greek verb σῴζω covers both physical healing and spiritual/eternal salvation; Spanish tends to force a choice between ‘sanar’ and ‘salvar,’ risking an artificial separation the Greek text does not require. Teaching notes must preserve Luke’s holistic pattern rather than resolving the ambiguity toward only-physical or only-spiritual readings.
Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Spanish name: el arrepentimiento y el perdón de los pecados
Key terms: repentance, arrepentimiento, forgiveness, perdón, sinner
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: one of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines. ‘Arrepentimiento’ risks collapsing into either mere emotional remorse or a sacramental-penitential transaction (confession plus assigned penance) as its primary referent in Catholic-majority contexts; Luke insists on a genuine, fruit-evidenced reorientation of life (3:8-14) that precedes and is distinct from ritual compliance, and ‘perdón’ must be taught as God’s direct forgiveness, not solely mediated through priestly absolution.
Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Spanish name: la compasión de Jesús y su comunión de mesa con los pecadores
Key terms: sinner, pecador, eat with, tax collector, welcomes sinners
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: one of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines. The risk is softening ‘pecador’ into a generic, abstract ‘todos somos pecadores’ statement that loses Luke’s concrete social scandal — Jesus deliberately eating with named, despised outcasts (publicanos, mujeres de mala reputación). This concrete boundary-crossing must not be flattened into an abstract doctrine of universal sinfulness alone; it is also a scandalous social act that Hispanic honor/shame culture will recognize as genuinely provocative.
Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Spanish name: las buenas nuevas para los pobres y marginados
Key terms: poor, pobres, good news to the poor, blessed are the poor
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: one of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines and the thematic center of the core passage. The primary risk is over-spiritualizing ‘pobres’ into a purely metaphorical ‘poor in spirit’ (collapsing Luke’s distinctive material referent into Matthew 5:3’s sense), which would erase the real economic and social poverty central to Luke’s Gospel; a secondary, opposite risk in some Latin American contexts is collapsing the doctrine entirely into a political-liberationist program divorced from personal repentance and faith in Christ. Teaching must hold both the material reality and the gospel’s spiritual content together.
Prayer and Dependence on God
Spanish name: la oración y la dependencia de Dios
Key terms: prayer, oración, Father, ask, seek, knock
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: one of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines. As with the baseline’s ‘intercesión’ caution, prayer in Luke is taught as direct, intimate, dependent address to God the Father through Jesus’ own example and instruction; across the Spanish-speaking Catholic world, intercessory prayer practice centers heavily on the saints and the Virgin Mary as mediators, so Luke’s model of direct filial address (‘Padre,’ 11:2) must not default in the learner’s mind to a saint-or-Marian-mediated pattern.
High Risk Doctrines
Inspiration and Fulfillment of Scripture
Spanish name: la inspiración y el cumplimiento de las Escrituras
Key terms: scripture, Escritura, fulfilled, cumplido, all the Scriptures
Review routing: Human theologian
Jesus’ claim that Isaiah ‘se ha cumplido’ in himself (4:21), extended to the whole of Scripture on the Emmaus road (24:25-27, 44-46), requires teaching Scripture’s own unique divine authority and completed fulfillment in Christ; in Catholic-majority contexts where Sacred Tradition and Magisterial teaching are held alongside Scripture as authoritative, this curriculum must present Scripture’s fulfillment claim on its own terms without implying it depends on ecclesial ratification.
The Incarnation
Spanish name: la encarnación
Key terms: incarnation, encarnación, conceived, born
Review routing: Human theologian
Per baseline, ‘encarnación’ itself is lexically unambiguous and shared across Catholic and Protestant Spanish Bibles; the risk in Luke’s infancy narrative specifically is catechetical, since the Christmas nativity (‘el pesebre,’ ‘la Navidad’) is so culturally dominant in Hispanic contexts that many nominal Catholics and Evangelicals alike narrow the doctrine to a sentimental annual holiday scene rather than teaching the eternal Son’s permanent assumption of human nature.
The Ironic and True Kingship of Christ
Spanish name: el reinado irónico y verdadero de Cristo
Key terms: king, rey, King of the Jews
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. The mocking inscription ‘Rey de los judíos’ is, in Luke’s irony, a true and climactic royal/messianic title; the risk is that ‘rey’ is taught only as a political title stripped of its messianic force, or alternatively reduced to a merely metaphorical ‘rey de mi corazón’ devotional sentiment common in Hispanic worship-song culture, losing the historical, public, and ironic force of the trial and crucifixion narrative.
Jesus as Savior for All Nations (Jew and Gentile)
Spanish name: Jesús como Salvador de todas las naciones, judíos y gentiles
Key terms: nations, naciones, gentiles, light for revelation, all nations
Review routing: Human theologian
One of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines. No direct caste analogue exists in Hispanic culture, but regional, racial, and colonial-era hierarchies (particularly surrounding indigenous and Afro-descendant communities across Latin America) make Luke’s repeated crossing of ethnic boundaries (the Roman centurion, the Samaritan, the ten lepers) socially significant, not merely doctrinal; teaching must retain the full, unqualified universal scope rather than softening it into an abstract theological statement disconnected from present social realities.
The Kingdom of God: Present and Future
Spanish name: el reino de Dios: presente y futuro
Key terms: kingdom of God, reino de Dios, kingdom is near, kingdom is among you
Review routing: Human theologian
One of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines, elevated above the baseline Romans ‘Medium’ rating because Luke requires teaching BOTH the ‘already’ (17:21, ‘entre vosotros’) and ‘not yet’ (21:31) dimensions together across many more passages than Romans addresses. A specific Spanish-language-context risk: in Latin America, ‘el reino de Dios’ has at times been assimilated into liberation-theology political programs; this curriculum must present the kingdom as God’s sovereign reign advancing through the gospel and personal transformation, not a purely political or nationalist project, while still honoring Luke’s real material and social concerns.
Grace
Spanish name: la gracia
Key terms: grace, gracia, favored one
Review routing: Human theologian
Per baseline, Mary’s designation as ‘favorecida’ (1:30, χαριτόω) is the specific risk point: the fixed liturgical Ave María phrase ‘llena de gracia’ can imply Mary as a reservoir or dispenser of grace rather than its recipient. This curriculum must preserve grace as unmerited favor received, consistent with baseline caution against a merit-cooperation reading, even where the text concerns Mary specifically.
Faith
Spanish name: la fe
Key terms: faith, fe, your faith has saved you
Review routing: Human theologian
Per baseline, personal trust in Christ specifically, exemplified repeatedly by social outsiders (the Roman centurion, 7:9; the sinful woman, 7:50) rather than the religiously established; must not be read as inherited cultural religiosity or devotional loyalty to a saint, and Luke’s pattern of commending outsider faith over insider religiosity should be preserved rather than smoothed over.
Jesus’ Visceral Compassion
Spanish name: la compasión entrañable de Jesús
Key terms: compassion, compasión, had compassion, moved with pity
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. σπλαγχνίζομαι describes gut-level, embodied compassion that moves to concrete, sometimes socially undignified action (the father running to embrace his shamed son, 15:20); the risk is flattening this into detached ‘lástima’ (pity) rather than the action-producing compassion the text actually describes — a real risk given that Spanish ‘compasión’ can be used quite passively in everyday religious speech.
The Cost of Discipleship
Spanish name: el costo del discipulado
Key terms: cross, cruz, deny himself, follow me, hate father and mother
Review routing: Human theologian
One of the curriculum’s eight named doctrines. ‘Cruz’ risks domestication into a generic metaphor for ‘life’s difficulties’ common in colloquial Hispanic speech (‘cada uno tiene su cruz’), losing the costly, shameful, self-denying force Luke intends; additionally, 14:26’s hyperbolic ‘hate father and mother’ is a Semitic idiom of relative preference that, translated literally as ‘odiar,’ risks being read as a genuine command to family hatred rather than comparative priority for Christ — requires an explicit translator note in every occurrence.
Public Confession of Christ
Spanish name: la confesión pública de Cristo
Key terms: acknowledge, confess, confesar, Son of Man will acknowledge
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum, conceptually parallel to the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession-of-Lordship consistency rule. The risk is treating ‘confesar a Cristo’ as purely private, internal assent without the public dimension the text requires (‘delante de los hombres’), especially relevant in contexts where public Christian identity carries real social cost or where nominal cultural Christianity substitutes for genuine public allegiance.
Redemption and Deliverance
Spanish name: la redención y la liberación
Key terms: redemption, redención, your redemption draws near
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum, conceptually parallel to the baseline’s imputed_righteousness/justificación cluster. ‘Redención’ must be taught as a decisive act of God accomplishing release — already anticipated in hope at Jesus’ birth (2:38) and consummated at his return (21:28) — not as gradual religious self-improvement or an outcome earned through accumulated merit, penance, or sacramental participation, a live risk in folk Catholic piety.
Kingdom Reversal: Blessing on the Poor, Woe to the Rich
Spanish name: la inversión del reino: bendición a los pobres, ay a los ricos
Key terms: blessed, bienaventurados, woe, ay de vosotros, rich, poor
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. ‘Bienaventurados’ must be taught as God’s declarative pronouncement of favor and coming vindication on the poor and marginalized, not a subjective ‘felices’ happiness-report; the corresponding ‘ay’ (woe) to the rich must retain genuine warning force rather than being softened into gentle caution, given wealth’s high social status in many Hispanic contexts and the risk of the doctrine being received as offensive to prosperous congregants.
Unity Across Jew, Samaritan, and Gentile Boundaries
Spanish name: la unidad entre judíos, samaritanos y gentiles
Key terms: Samaritan, samaritano, neighbor, prójimo
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. The Good Samaritan’s force depends entirely on first-century Jewish-Samaritan religious and ethnic hostility, a historical enmity a modern Spanish-speaking audience will not intuitively supply; without an explicit teaching note on this background, ‘samaritano’ reads as a neutral ethnonym and the parable’s scandalous reversal (the despised outsider as moral exemplar) is lost.
Being Lost and Being Found
Spanish name: estar perdido y ser hallado
Key terms: lost, perdido, found, seek and save the lost
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. ‘Perdido’ in ordinary Spanish usage can mean simple carelessness or misplacement (los objetos perdidos); the doctrine requires teaching the term’s full salvation-historical weight — the controlling image of Luke 15’s three parables and 19:10’s mission statement — as being spiritually estranged from God and actively, joyfully sought and restored by him.
Paradise and Immediate Assurance of Salvation
Spanish name: el paraíso y la seguridad inmediata de la salvación
Key terms: paradise, paraíso, today you will be with me
Review routing: Human theologian
NEW term for this curriculum. Jesus’ promise to the repentant thief — immediate, personal presence with Christ that very day — risks being read through the lens of Catholic purgatorial teaching, in which final entry into God’s presence is understood as a delayed, multi-stage process requiring ongoing purification; this curriculum must preserve the immediacy and completeness of the promise as spoken.
Davidic Covenant Fulfilled in the New Covenant
Spanish name: el pacto davídico cumplido en el nuevo pacto
Key terms: covenant, pacto, David, new covenant, throne of David
Review routing: Human theologian
Per baseline, standardized on ‘pacto’ rather than the Catholic-tradition-favored ‘alianza’; Luke bookends the whole Gospel with covenant language, from Gabriel’s promise of David’s throne (1:32) to the ‘nuevo pacto’ instituted at the Last Supper (22:20), requiring explicit Old Testament background (2 Samuel 7) that many nominal Spanish-speaking believers were never catechized in.
Medium Risk Doctrines
The Joy of Discipleship
Spanish name: el gozo del discipulado
Key terms: joy, gozo, great joy
Review routing: Native speaker review
Balances the cost-of-discipleship doctrine with Luke’s recurring note of relational, communal joy over restoration; risk is flattening ‘gozo’ into generic ‘felicidad’ and losing its specific connection to repentance and reunion.
Ministry to Marginalized Social Groups
Spanish name: el ministerio a los grupos sociales marginados
Key terms: leper, leproso, widow, viuda, lame, cojo, tax collector, publicano
Review routing: Native speaker review
Concrete social categories (lepers, widows, the disabled, tax collectors) named throughout Luke as objects of Jesus’ deliberate attention; risk is generalizing these into an abstract ‘the marginalized’ without preserving the concrete, named social referents the text specifies.
Hades: The Intermediate State of the Dead
Spanish name: el Hades: el estado intermedio de los muertos
Key terms: Hades
Review routing: Native speaker review
NEW term for this curriculum. Popular Spanish usage readily conflates ‘Hades’ with ‘el infierno’ (final hell); the Rich Man and Lazarus parable requires distinguishing the intermediate state prior to final judgment from the doctrine of final, eternal judgment.
Fruit of Repentance: Ethical Transformation
Spanish name: el fruto del arrepentimiento: la transformación ética
Key terms: fruit, fruto, bear fruits worthy of repentance
Review routing: Native speaker review
John’s demand for concrete ethical fruit (sharing possessions, honest dealing) and Zacchaeus’ voluntary restitution (19:8) ground repentance in visible life-change rather than only internal sentiment or ritual confession.
Temptation and Testing
Spanish name: la tentación y la prueba
Key terms: temptation, tentación, tempt, lead us not into temptation
Review routing: Native speaker review
Must distinguish divine testing/proving, which Jesus endures faithfully, from a temptation genuinely capable of succeeding against God’s will; standard vocabulary but requires catechetical care in prayer-life teaching.
The Authority of Christ
Spanish name: la autoridad de Cristo
Key terms: authority, autoridad, by what authority
Review routing: Native speaker review
Jesus’ inherent teaching and healing authority, distinct from scribal or institutional-ecclesial authority; risk is collapsing Christ’s unique authority into a generic category shared with any religious teacher or institution.
Evangelism and Mission Sending
Spanish name: la evangelización y el envío misionero
Key terms: send, enviar, proclaim, power from on high
Review routing: Native speaker review
Per baseline caution on ‘misión’ and ‘evangelización,’ in historically Catholic Latin American and Iberian contexts these can carry a defensive charge (Protestant evangelism perceived as proselytism away from the Catholic Church); use proclamation/sending/witness language rather than confrontational framing.
Low Risk Doctrines
Thanksgiving and Gratitude
Spanish name: la acción de gracias y la gratitud
Key terms: thanksgiving, gave thanks, acción de gracias
Review routing: Automated review
Standard term per baseline; minimal risk, reinforced by the Samaritan leper’s exemplary gratitude.
Sabbath Observance and Its Fulfillment in Christ
Spanish name: la observancia del sábado y su cumplimiento en Cristo
Key terms: Sabbath, sábado, synagogue, sinagoga
Review routing: Automated review
Standard, stable terms across Spanish Bible traditions; catechetical risk is minor and concerns explaining the Sabbath controversies’ significance rather than lexical ambiguity.
Apostleship and Sending
Spanish name: el apostolado y el envío
Key terms: apostle, apóstol, send, twelve
Review routing: Automated review
Per baseline, ‘apóstol’ is unambiguous and consistent across Spanish Christian traditions; minor risk of reducing it to a generic ‘religious teacher’ role.
Referenced passages