Doctrine Analysis: Psalms (Spanish Language Package)

This document executes PRD Phase 1 Step 4 (full doctrine matrix) and Step 5 (full-book chapter coverage ledger) for the Psalms curriculum. It is fully consistent with assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json: the same 32 doctrines, the same risk tiers, the same review routing. No doctrine, tier, or routing decision here contradicts that registry; this document adds the supporting-passage detail, translation-risk rationale, and the mandatory full-book chapter-by-chapter coverage ledger that the registry itself does not carry.

Risk tier definitions (reused exactly from the baseline Romans Language Package):

• Critical — Mistranslation alters or destroys essential doctrine. Human theologian review required for every occurrence.
• High — Mistranslation creates significant theological confusion or syncretism risk. Human theologian review required.
• Medium — Mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning. Native speaker review recommended.
• Low — Mistranslation causes minor misunderstanding or imprecision. Automated review sufficient.

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Part A — Doctrine Matrix (Step 4)

#	Doctrine	Supporting Passages (Psalms)	Risk	Translation Risk (Spanish)	Review Routing
1	The Covenant Name of God (YHWH)	23:1; 8:1; 100:3; 103:1; 145:1 (600+ occurrences throughout)	Critical	”Jehová” (RV tradition) now collides with Testigos de Jehová, a non-Trinitarian group with high visibility across the Spanish-speaking world. Package mandates small-caps “SEÑOR” in expository text, reserving “Jehová” for direct RV1960 quotation only, typographically distinct from regular-case “Señor” (Adonai/Kyrios).	Human theologian
2	Character of God as Shepherd	23:1-4; 28:9; 80:1; 95:7; 100:3	High	”Pastor” is lexically unambiguous but collides in register with the everyday Spanish title for Protestant clergy (“el pastor de la iglesia”); must be taught as intimate covenant care, anchored to the shared Catholic/Protestant “Buen Pastor” image.	Human theologian
3	Character of God as King	24:7-10; 47:7-8; 93:1; 95:3; 96:10; 145:1	High	The liturgical enthronement acclamation “el SEÑOR reina” must stay in its own worship-doxology register, distinct from (though complementary to) the baseline’s gospel-advance “reino de Dios,” or the celebratory cosmic-sovereignty force of Ps 93/96-99 is flattened.	Human theologian
4	Character of God as Refuge	9:9; 14:6; 18:2; 46:1; 62:7-8; 91:1-2; 94:22; 144:2	High	”Refugio”/“amparo” are live Marian/saint-devotion titles in folk Catholic piety (“refugio de los pecadores”); referent must stay unambiguously God throughout, the same class of risk as the baseline’s intercession/saints cautions.	Human theologian
5	Lament and Honest Prayer	3:1-2; 6:1-3; 13:1-2; 22:1-2; 42:1-3; 137:1-4	Medium	Hispanic evangelical devotional culture often prefers upbeat, victory-oriented prayer models; the lament genre’s raw, unresolved address to God must not be softened toward premature resolution.	Native speaker review
6	Imprecatory Prayer and Divine Justice	109:6-19; 137:8-9; 69:22-28	High	Curse-language must be translated in full per the baseline’s rule against minimizing doctrinal statements; requires paired teaching notes (appeal to God’s justice, not personal vengeance), not lexical softening or omission.	Human theologian
7	Unresolved Lament	88:1-18	Medium	Psalm 88 is the Psalter’s only lament with no closing turn to praise; devotional material must not “fix” the ending through paraphrase or accompanying commentary.	Native speaker review
8	Praise and Worship	100:1-5; 103:1-5; 145:1-21; 148:1-14; 150:1-6	Medium	Biblical praise is grounded in theological knowledge of God’s identity/acts, not emotional technique; corrective to worship-as-performance drift without disparaging emotionally expressive worship, which the Psalter also models.	Native speaker review
9	Thanksgiving	50:14, 23; 100:4; 107:22; 116:17	Low	Standard term reused exactly from baseline; minimal risk.	Automated review
10	Messianic Prophecy in the Psalms	2:1-12; 16:10; 22:1-18; 40:6-8; 69:9, 21; 110:1-4; 118:22-26	Critical	The Psalter’s single most doctrinally weighted cluster; Gospel-quotation verses must match this Language Package family’s Gospel-of-Matthew/Mark/Luke/John renderings verbatim; Ps 16:10 must avoid “infierno” for Sheol; Ps 22’s textual variant requires theologian-level transparency.	Human theologian
11	Kingship and the Messianic King	2:6-9; 45:6; 72:1-17; 110:1-4	Critical	Must avoid both over-reading (anachronistic full deity-claim onto the OT king’s historical setting) and under-reading (softening Ps 110’s NT-quoted deity implications, Hebrews 1:13) — both live risks given Hispanic popular veneration of “exalted holy figures.”	Human theologian
12	Royal/Davidic Sonship Typology	2:7	High	Must not flatly equate with the baseline’s Critical eternal “Hijo de Dios” without a clarifying note distinguishing the OT royal-enthronement adoption formula from its NT christological fulfillment (Acts 13:33; Hebrews 1:5).	Human theologian
13	Deity of Christ (Psalms Evidence Texts)	45:6; 102:25-27; 110:1	Critical	Direct scriptural evidence for Christ’s co-equal deity quoted in Hebrews 1; must reuse baseline “Dios”/“Hijo de Dios” exactly, never softened toward “a divine man” or “the greatest of the saints.”	Human theologian
14	The Two-Lord Oracle of Psalm 110	110:1	Critical	The most NT-quoted OT verse; the argument for Christ’s deity depends on preserving Spanish’s distinction between YHWH (small-caps SEÑOR) and adoni (regular-case Señor) within one verse.	Human theologian
15	The Rejected Stone Become Cornerstone	118:22-23	Critical	”Piedra angular” is standard, but the repeated direct NT christological application (Matthew 21:42; Acts 4:11; Ephesians 2:20; 1 Peter 2:6-7) requires theologian-level cross-curriculum consistency checks.	Human theologian
16	Hosanna and Royal Acclamation	118:25-26	High	The Hebrew “Salva ahora” must be distinguished from, yet explicitly bridged to, the transliterated liturgical “¡Hosanna!” used in NT-fulfillment contexts, per the Amén/Aleluya precedent.	Human theologian
17	Resurrection Hope	16:9-11; 49:15	Critical	Ps 16:10 is quoted in Acts 2:27-31 of Christ’s bodily resurrection; “Seol,” never “infierno”; teach as bodily, historical, once-for-all, explicitly distinguished from Caribbean Espiritismo/Santería spirit-return concepts (baseline-documented risk).	Human theologian
18	Sheol and the Realm of the Dead	6:5; 16:10; 30:3; 88:3-6; 89:48	High	Transliterate “Seol” throughout; never translate as “infierno,” which would wrongly import the developed NT/final-judgment Gehenna sense.	Human theologian
19	Confession and Forgiveness	32:1-5; 51:1-17; 103:10-12; 106:6	Critical	Direct, unmediated confession to God must not silently default to the Catholic sacrament of Confession/Reconciliation as the necessary mediating structure — parallel to the baseline’s intercession/saints cautions.	Human theologian
20	Repentance and Inner Renewal	51:10-12, 17	High	The verb “crea” (bara, Genesis 1:1 root) must not be softened to “mejora/renueva”; must be taught as humility God restores, not a penitential/merit framework (live risk given Lenten self-mortification traditions).	Human theologian
21	The Righteous and the Wicked	1:1-6; 37:1-40; 73:1-28; 112:1-10	High	”El justo” (tsaddiq) shares its root with the baseline’s Critical forensic “justicia” but denotes an observable, torah-delighting life pattern, not an imputed legal verdict; must prevent both importing Romans’ forensic sense and reading Ps 1 as self-achieved righteousness as salvation’s ground.	Human theologian
22	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed)	23:6; 89:1-2, 28-37; 103:8, 11, 17; 106:1; 107:1; 118:1-4; 136:1-26; 145:8	Critical	Bare “misericordia” leans toward pity/compassion and can lose the covenant-loyalty, promise-keeping dimension; must pair with the standing gloss “amor fiel de pacto” and never collapse into pity or merit-earned reward; Ps 136’s 26 refrains require absolute consistency.	Human theologian
23	The Davidic Covenant (Psalms Witness)	89:3-4, 28-37; 132:11-12	Medium	Requires explicit OT background (2 Samuel 7); reuses baseline “pacto”/“elección” exactly; no analogous cultural concept, so needs deliberate contextualization rather than lexical change.	Native speaker review
24	Torah as Delight and Life	1:2; 19:7-11; 119:1-176	High	Romans’ polemical law-versus-grace register must never be imported into Psalms’ law-delights register; standing teaching note required wherever “ley” appears in this curriculum.	Human theologian
25	Wisdom and the Fear of the LORD	14:1; 90:12; 111:10; 112:1; 128:1; 147:11	Medium	”Temor del SEÑOR” must convey reverent awe with obedient trust, not fright (“miedo”); “necio” must retain moral-spiritual weight (willful denial of God), not mere low intelligence.	Native speaker review
26	Universal Praise and Mission to the Nations	67:1-7; 96:1-3; 117:1; 145:21; 150:6	Medium	Uses “naciones” (not baseline “gentiles”) for the Psalter’s general royal/cosmic-praise usage; retain unqualified universal language (“todo lo que respira”) rather than narrowing it to “todos los creyentes.”	Native speaker review
27	Divine Providence and Omniscience	139:1-18; 33:13-15	Medium	God’s knowledge and governance must be grounded as personal and relational, not impersonal “destino/suerte,” consistent with the baseline’s Romans 8:28 providence caution.	Native speaker review
28	Human Dignity in Creation	8:3-8; 139:13-16	Low	Standard vocabulary; minor teaching-level distinction needed between “hijo de hombre” (representative humanity) and the baseline’s Critical “Hijo de Dios.”	Automated review
29	God as Compassionate Father	68:5; 103:13	Medium	Reinforces the baseline’s Critical “Padre” doctrine with an OT compassion-image; teach as anticipating, without collapsing into, the fuller NT adoption doctrine.	Native speaker review
30	Assurance and Trust in God	37:3-7; 46:10; 62:1, 5-8	Medium	”Estad quietos y sabed” (46:10) is often reduced to a therapeutic “be calm” message; must be taught in its actual context — ceasing to trust military/political self-defense and trusting God’s cosmic kingship.	Native speaker review
31	Exile and the Hope of Restoration	126:1-6; 137:1-6	Medium	Directly relevant to migrant/displaced Spanish-speaking congregations; the disorientation of worship amid loss must be preserved as legitimate, not resolved artificially.	Native speaker review
32	Corporate Worship and Pilgrimage	84:1-2; 122:1; 133:1	Low	Standard devotional pilgrimage-psalm language reinforcing the baseline’s christian_fellowship doctrine; minimal independent risk.	Automated review

Totals (must match doctrine_risk_registry.json): Critical 9 · High 10 · Medium 10 · Low 3 · Total 32. Human theologian review: 19. Native speaker review: 10. Automated review: 3.

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Part B — Full-Book Chapter Coverage Ledger (Step 5)

Per the FULL-BOOK COVERAGE mandate, every one of the 150 psalms is accounted for below, organized by the Psalter’s traditional five-book structure. Chapters that introduce no new Critical/High doctrine beyond what is already logged in Part A are explicitly marked “reviewed — no new doctrinal or terminological risk” rather than omitted. Anchor chapters (core passage and doctrine-defining texts) are marked ANCHOR.

Book I (Psalms 1–41)

Psalms	Doctrine(s) Present	Coverage Note
1	Righteous and the Wicked; Torah as Delight	ANCHOR for both doctrines — opening wisdom psalm.
2	Kingship/Messianic King; Royal Sonship Typology; Messianic Prophecy	ANCHOR for Ps 2:7 sonship formula.
3–7	Lament and Honest Prayer; Character of God as Refuge (3:3; 5:11)	Reviewed — reinforces Doctrines #5, #4; no new term.
8	Human Dignity in Creation	Reviewed; note “hijo de hombre” vs. “Hijo de Dios” distinction required.
9–10	Character of God as Refuge; Righteous and Wicked (minor)	Reviewed — reinforces existing doctrines.
11–12	Character of God as Refuge; Assurance and Trust	Reviewed.
13	Lament and Honest Prayer	Reviewed — classic “how long” lament pattern.
14	Wisdom and the Fear of the LORD (“the fool says in his heart”)	Reviewed; also cf. Ps 53 (near-duplicate).
15	Righteous and the Wicked (entrance liturgy)	Reviewed.
16	Resurrection Hope; Sheol; Messianic Prophecy	ANCHOR for Ps 16:10 (Acts 2:27-31).
17	Lament; Character of God as Refuge	Reviewed.
18	Character of God as Refuge (rock/fortress); Kingship	Reviewed — extended refuge-imagery psalm.
19	Torah as Delight; Praise and Worship (creation)	Reviewed — reinforces Doctrine #24.
20–21	Kingship and the Messianic King (royal psalms)	Reviewed — pre-battle/coronation royal psalms.
22	Messianic Prophecy (forsaken, pierced/lion textual variant); Lament	ANCHOR — Gospel passion quotations (Matt 27:46; John 19:24).
23	CORE PASSAGE. Shepherd; Refuge; Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed); Righteous and Wicked (path of righteousness)	ANCHOR — theological center of the curriculum.
24	Character of God as King (King of glory)	Reviewed.
25	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed); Torah	Reviewed.
26–27	Character of God as Refuge; Assurance and Trust	Reviewed.
28	Character of God as Shepherd (28:9); Lament	Reviewed.
29	Praise and Worship; Character of God as King	Reviewed.
30	Sheol; Thanksgiving	Reviewed.
31	Messianic Prophecy (31:5, quoted Luke 23:46); Character of God as Refuge	Reviewed — flag messianic cross-reference for consistency.
32	Confession and Forgiveness	ANCHOR — paired with Ps 51.
33	Divine Providence and Omniscience; Praise	Reviewed.
34	Character of God as Refuge; Wisdom and Fear of the LORD	Reviewed; baseline “paz” (34:14) reinforced.
35	Lament; Imprecatory language (mild)	Reviewed — lower-intensity precursor to Doctrine #6.
36	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 36:5-7); Character of God as Refuge	Reviewed.
37	Righteous and the Wicked; Assurance and Trust	ANCHOR-adjacent — extended wisdom psalm reinforcing Ps 1.
38	Confession and Forgiveness (penitential psalm); Lament	Reviewed.
39	Lament; human mortality (supports Providence doctrine)	Reviewed.
40	Messianic Prophecy (40:6-8, quoted Hebrews 10:5-7); Torah/obedience	Reviewed — flag for cross-curriculum (Hebrews) consistency.
41	Thanksgiving; Lament; minor messianic echo (41:9, quoted John 13:18)	Reviewed.

Book II (Psalms 42–72)

Psalms	Doctrine(s) Present	Coverage Note
42–43	Lament and Honest Prayer (soul-thirst, nephesh)	Reviewed — see glossary nephesh note.
44	Lament (corporate)	Reviewed.
45	Deity of Christ in Psalms (45:6, quoted Hebrews 1:8); Kingship	ANCHOR for Doctrine #13.
46	Character of God as Refuge; Assurance and Trust (“be still”)	ANCHOR for the “estad quietos” caution.
47	Character of God as King (enthronement); Universal Praise and Mission	Reviewed.
48	Character of God as King (Zion psalm)	Reviewed.
49	Sheol; Resurrection Hope (49:15, minor)	Reviewed.
50	Thanksgiving; Covenant	Reviewed.
51	Confession and Forgiveness; Repentance and Inner Renewal	ANCHOR — curriculum doctrine “Confession and Forgiveness (Psalm 51).“
52–55	Lament; Righteous and Wicked (contrast)	Reviewed.
56–57	Character of God as Refuge; Assurance and Trust	Reviewed.
58	Imprecatory Prayer and Divine Justice	Reviewed.
59	Character of God as Refuge; Imprecatory language	Reviewed.
60–61	Character of God as Refuge; Davidic Covenant background	Reviewed.
62	Character of God as Refuge (rock); Assurance and Trust	Reviewed — reinforces baseline “paz.”
63	Praise and Worship (thirst for God)	Reviewed.
64	Lament; Righteous and Wicked	Reviewed.
65–66	Praise and Worship; Universal Praise and Mission; Thanksgiving	Reviewed.
67	Universal Praise and Mission	ANCHOR — programmatic “all nations” psalm.
68	God as Compassionate Father (68:5); Character of God as King	ANCHOR for Doctrine #29.
69	Messianic Prophecy (69:9, quoted John 2:17; 69:21, quoted Matt 27:48); Imprecatory Prayer (69:22-28)	Reviewed — flag messianic cross-references.
70	Lament	Reviewed.
71	Character of God as Refuge; Assurance and Trust	Reviewed.
72	Kingship and the Messianic King (royal/messianic ideal-king psalm); Universal Praise and Mission	ANCHOR — curriculum doctrine “Kingship and the Messianic King.”

Book III (Psalms 73–89)

Psalms	Doctrine(s) Present	Coverage Note
73	Righteous and the Wicked (wisdom crisis and resolution)	ANCHOR-adjacent to Ps 1/112.
74	Lament (corporate, temple destroyed); Character of God as King	Reviewed.
75–76	Character of God as King; divine judgment	Reviewed.
77	Lament; Divine Providence	Reviewed.
78	Torah/history; Davidic Covenant background; Faith (baseline 78:22)	Reviewed.
79	Lament (corporate); Imprecatory language (mild)	Reviewed.
80	Character of God as Shepherd (80:1); Lament	Reviewed.
81	Covenant; Worship	Reviewed.
82	Character of God as King/Judge	Reviewed.
83	Imprecatory Prayer and Divine Justice	Reviewed.
84	Corporate Worship and Pilgrimage	Reviewed.
85	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 85:10); Peace (baseline)	Reviewed.
86	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed) — echoes Exodus 34:6-7 formula (86:15)	ANCHOR for the Ex 34:6-7 self-revelation formula, see glossary.
87	Character of God as King (Zion)	Reviewed.
88	Unresolved Lament	ANCHOR — the Psalter’s sole unresolved lament.
89	Davidic Covenant; Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed); Kingship	ANCHOR for Doctrine #23.

Book IV (Psalms 90–106)

Psalms	Doctrine(s) Present	Coverage Note
90	Wisdom and the Fear of the LORD (90:12); Divine Providence	Reviewed.
91	Character of God as Refuge	ANCHOR — the Psalter’s central refuge psalm.
92	Praise and Worship; Thanksgiving	Reviewed.
93	Character of God as King (enthronement, “YHWH malakh”)	ANCHOR for the enthronement liturgical register.
94	Character of God as Refuge (94:22); Divine justice	Reviewed.
95	Character of God as Shepherd (95:7); Worship; Torah/obedience warning	Reviewed.
96–99	Character of God as King (enthronement cluster); Universal Praise and Mission; Holy (baseline)	ANCHOR cluster — the enthronement psalms.
100	Character of God as Shepherd (100:3); Praise and Worship; Thanksgiving	ANCHOR — “reconoced que el SEÑOR es Dios.”
101	Kingship (righteous-king ideal)	Reviewed.
102	Deity of Christ in Psalms (102:25-27, quoted Hebrews 1:10-12); Lament	ANCHOR for Doctrine #13.
103	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 103:8, 11, 17); God as Compassionate Father (103:13); Confession/Forgiveness (103:10-12)	ANCHOR cluster — three doctrines converge.
104	Creation; Praise	Reviewed.
105	Election/Covenant (baseline); Davidic Covenant background	Reviewed.
106	Confession and Forgiveness (106:6); Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 106:1)	Reviewed.

Book V (Psalms 107–150)

Psalms	Doctrine(s) Present	Coverage Note
107	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed) — refrain “his mercy endures forever”	ANCHOR.
108	Praise; Kingship	Reviewed.
109	Imprecatory Prayer and Divine Justice	ANCHOR.
110	Two-Lord Oracle; Kingship and the Messianic King; Deity of Christ; Melchizedek royal priesthood	ANCHOR — curriculum doctrine “Kingship and the Messianic King (Psalms 2 and 110)”; single most NT-quoted verse of the OT.
111	Wisdom and Fear of the LORD (111:10); Righteous and Wicked	Reviewed.
112	Righteous and the Wicked (acrostic companion to Ps 1)	ANCHOR-adjacent.
113	Praise/Hallelujah; Universal Praise (exaltation of the lowly)	Reviewed.
114	Exodus history; Praise	Reviewed.
115	Character of God (living God vs. idols)	Reviewed — relevant background for comparative-theology idol/aniconism discussion.
116	Thanksgiving (116:17); Sheol (116:3, “cords of Sheol”)	Reviewed.
117	Universal Praise and Mission (shortest psalm; all nations)	ANCHOR.
118	Cornerstone and Rejection/Vindication (118:22-23); Hosanna and Royal Acclamation (118:25-26); Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 118:1-4)	ANCHOR cluster — three Critical/High doctrines converge.
119	Torah as Delight and Life	ANCHOR — longest chapter of the Bible.
120–134	Corporate Worship and Pilgrimage (Songs of Ascent); Exile and Hope of Restoration (126); Davidic Covenant (132); Fellowship (baseline, 133)	Reviewed as a unit — Songs of Ascent; 126 and 132 separately anchor their respective doctrines.
135–136	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed) — Ps 136’s 26 identical refrains	ANCHOR for absolute-consistency requirement.
137	Exile and Hope of Restoration; Imprecatory Prayer (137:8-9)	ANCHOR for Doctrine #31; also reinforces Doctrine #6.
138–139	Divine Providence and Omniscience (139); Human Dignity in Creation (139:14); Praise	ANCHOR (139) for Doctrine #27.
140–143	Lament; Imprecatory language (mild); Character of God as Refuge	Reviewed.
144	Character of God as Refuge (144:2); Kingship/warrior imagery	Reviewed.
145	Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed, 145:8 formula); Character of God as King (145:1, 11-13); Praise and Worship	ANCHOR — final acrostic psalm, hesed formula.
146–150	Praise and Worship (Hallel finale); Universal Praise and Mission; Amén/Aleluya (baseline); Corporate Worship	ANCHOR cluster — the Psalter’s closing doxology.

Coverage confirmation: All 150 psalms are represented above, either as doctrine anchors or as explicitly reviewed chapters reinforcing an already-logged doctrine. No chapter has been silently omitted.

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See analysis/08_core_glossary.md for full lexical treatment of every term named above, and analysis/04_comparative_theology.md for cross-tradition interpretation of each doctrine listed in Part A.

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Critical Risk Doctrines

The Covenant Name of God (YHWH)

Spanish name: el nombre pactual de Dios (YHWH)
Key terms: LORD, YHWH, Yahweh, Jehovah
Review routing: Human theologian

CRITICAL: the Tetragrammaton occurs over 600 times in the Psalter. Reina-Valera tradition’s ‘Jehová’ now carries a live, contemporary collision risk with the Testigos de Jehová (Jehovah’s Witnesses), a non-Trinitarian group with wide visibility across the Spanish-speaking world. This package specifies small-caps ‘SEÑOR’ for expository text, reserving ‘Jehová’ only for direct RV1960 quotations, and requires typographic distinction from regular-case ‘Señor’ (Adonai/Kyrios). This is the single highest-priority open terminology decision in this Language Package extension.

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Messianic Prophecy in the Psalms

Spanish name: la profecía mesiánica en los Salmos
Key terms: anointed, pierced, forsaken, cornerstone, my Lord
Review routing: Human theologian

This is the Psalter’s single most doctrinally weighted cluster. Gospel-quotation verses (Psalm 22:1, 31:5, 69:9) must match this curriculum family’s existing Gospel-of-Matthew/Mark/Luke/John renderings verbatim per the baseline’s Theological Consistency Rules; Psalm 16:10 must avoid the false-cognate risk of translating Sheol as ‘infierno’; Psalm 22’s disputed ‘pierced’ vs. ‘like a lion’ textual variant requires theologian-level transparency, not silent resolution.

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Kingship and the Messianic King

Spanish name: la realeza y el Rey mesiánico
Key terms: king, anointed, throne, scepter, Son, sit at my right hand
Review routing: Human theologian

The Davidic-royal ‘anointed’ king language of Psalm 2 and 72 must be taught as fulfilled exclusively in Christ without collapsing the OT king’s historical, covenantal setting into an anachronistic full deity-claim; conversely, Psalm 110’s direct NT-quoted deity implications (Hebrews 1:13) must not be softened. Both errors — over-reading and under-reading — are live risks in Hispanic popular teaching that already venerates many ‘exalted holy figures.‘

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Deity of Christ (Psalms Evidence Texts)

Spanish name: la divinidad de Cristo (textos probatorios en los Salmos)
Key terms: your throne, O God, you are the same, your years have no end
Review routing: Human theologian

These verses are quoted in Hebrews 1 as addressed to the Son, direct scriptural evidence for Christ’s co-equal deity; must reuse the baseline’s Critical ‘Dios’/‘Hijo de Dios’ terms exactly and must not be softened toward ‘a divine man’ or ‘the greatest of the saints,’ a live risk given popular piety’s heavy emphasis on saintly and Marian intermediaries.

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The Two-Lord Oracle of Psalm 110

Spanish name: el oráculo de los dos ‘Señores’ del Salmo 110
Key terms: the LORD said to my Lord, sit at my right hand
Review routing: Human theologian

The most NT-quoted OT verse (Matthew 22:44, Acts 2:34-35, Hebrews 1:13); the NT argument for Christ’s deity depends on preserving Spanish’s distinction between YHWH (small-caps SEÑOR) and adoni (regular-case Señor) within this single verse. Losing this distinction blunts the very argument Jesus makes from the text in the Gospels.

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The Rejected Stone Become Cornerstone

Spanish name: la piedra desechada convertida en piedra angular
Key terms: cornerstone, the stone the builders rejected
Review routing: Human theologian

Quoted messianically in Matthew 21:42, Acts 4:11, Ephesians 2:20, and 1 Peter 2:6-7; ‘piedra angular’ is standard and shared across Catholic and Protestant Spanish tradition, but the direct, repeated NT christological application requires theologian-level consistency checks across this curriculum and future NT-book curricula in this Language Package family.

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Resurrection Hope

Spanish name: la esperanza de la resurrección
Key terms: you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, he will redeem my soul from the power of Sheol
Review routing: Human theologian

Psalm 16:10 is quoted in Acts 2:27-31 of Christ’s bodily resurrection; must transliterate Sheol as ‘Seol,’ never ‘infierno,’ to avoid importing the developed NT final-judgment sense into this OT term, and must be taught as bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection, explicitly distinguished from a spirit’s return or reincarnation given the baseline’s documented Caribbean Espiritismo/Santería risk.

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Confession and Forgiveness

Spanish name: la confesión y el perdón
Key terms: I acknowledged my sin to you, wash me, create in me a clean heart, blot out my transgressions
Review routing: Human theologian

CRITICAL: Psalm 32 and 51 model direct, unmediated confession to God alone. In Catholic-majority Spanish-speaking contexts, ‘confesión’ can default silently to the sacrament of Confession/Reconciliation (auricular confession to a priest, followed by absolution and penance) as the necessary or primary mediating structure. This curriculum is not arguing against confessing to fellow believers (cf. James 5:16), but must not let the sacramental system become the assumed referent — the same class of risk the baseline documents for ‘intercession’ and ‘saints.‘

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Covenant Faithfulness (Hesed)

Spanish name: la fidelidad del pacto (hesed)
Key terms: steadfast love, mercy, lovingkindness, goodness and mercy shall follow me, his mercy endures forever
Review routing: Human theologian

CRITICAL: bare RV-tradition ‘misericordia’ leans toward pity/compassion in ordinary Spanish and can lose the covenant-loyalty, promise-keeping dimension central to hesed; must be paired with the standing gloss ‘amor fiel de pacto,’ and must never collapse into mere emotional pity or a merit-earned reward — directly parallel to the baseline’s grace-not-merit caution for Romans. Psalm 136’s 26 identical refrain occurrences require absolute consistency of wording.

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High Risk Doctrines

The Character of God as Shepherd

Spanish name: el carácter de Dios como Pastor
Key terms: shepherd, pasture, lie down, lead, restore
Review routing: Human theologian

‘Pastor’ is lexically unambiguous but also the everyday Spanish title for a Protestant clergyman, creating a momentary register collision (God-as-shepherd vs. clergy-as-pastor) for readers unfamiliar with the metaphorical register; must be taught explicitly as intimate covenant care, building on the shared Catholic/Protestant devotional image of Christ as ‘el Buen Pastor’ (Juan 10).

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The Character of God as King

Spanish name: el carácter de Dios como Rey
Key terms: king, the LORD reigns, King of glory, throne, dominion
Review routing: Human theologian

The liturgical enthronement acclamation ‘el SEÑOR reina’ must be taught in a worship-doxology register distinct from, though complementary to, the baseline’s gospel-advance ‘reino de Dios’ doctrine; conflating the two registers flattens the celebratory, cosmic-sovereignty emphasis distinctive to the enthronement psalms (93, 96-99).

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The Character of God as Refuge

Spanish name: el carácter de Dios como Refugio
Key terms: refuge, stronghold, fortress, rock, shelter
Review routing: Human theologian

Live syncretism risk: ‘refugio’ and ‘amparo’ are extremely commonly applied in Latin American and Iberian folk-Catholic piety to the Virgin Mary (‘refugio de los pecadores’) and to patron saints. This curriculum must keep the referent unambiguously God throughout without needing to directly polemicize against Marian devotion — the same class of risk the baseline documents for ‘intercession’ and ‘saints.‘

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Imprecatory Prayer and Divine Justice

Spanish name: la oración imprecatoria y la justicia divina
Key terms: curse, avenge, let them be, repay, dash
Review routing: Human theologian

Per the baseline’s rule against minimizing doctrinal statements, curse-language must be translated completely and faithfully rather than omitted or softened for pastoral comfort; this content requires paired teaching notes on its canonical function (appeal to God’s justice, not personally authorized vengeance) to prevent either devotional suppression or misapplied endorsement of personal retaliation.

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Royal/Davidic Sonship Typology

Spanish name: la filiación real davídica (tipología)
Key terms: you are my son, today I have begotten you, Son
Review routing: Human theologian

Psalm 2:7’s ancient royal-enthronement adoption formula, quoted in Acts 13:33 and Hebrews 1:5 of Christ, must not be flatly equated with the baseline’s Critical eternal, co-equal ‘Hijo de Dios’ sense without a clarifying teaching note distinguishing the OT coronation-language background from its NT christological fulfillment — otherwise the unique eternal Sonship doctrine is either diluted into a generic royal-adoption formula or the OT text’s own historical setting is erased.

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Hosanna and Royal Acclamation

Spanish name: el ‘Hosanna’ y la aclamación real
Key terms: save now, blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD
Review routing: Human theologian

Root of the crowd’s ‘Hosanna’ acclamation at Christ’s triumphal entry (Matthew 21:9); the Hebrew text itself (‘Salva ahora’) must be distinguished from, yet explicitly bridged to, the transliterated liturgical form ‘¡Hosanna!’ used in NT-fulfillment contexts, per the baseline’s existing Amén/Aleluya transliteration precedent.

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Sheol and the Realm of the Dead

Spanish name: el Seol y el reino de los muertos
Key terms: Sheol, the grave, pit
Review routing: Human theologian

Transliterate as ‘Seol’ rather than translating as ‘infierno’ throughout, to avoid wrongly importing the fully developed NT/final-judgment concept of hell (Gehenna) into an OT term for the shadowy, comparatively undifferentiated realm of the dead generally.

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Repentance and Inner Renewal

Spanish name: el arrepentimiento y la renovación interior
Key terms: create in me a clean heart, renew a right spirit, broken and contrite heart
Review routing: Human theologian

The verb ‘create’ (bara, the same root as Genesis 1:1) must be preserved as ‘crea,’ not softened to ‘mejora/renueva’ alone, to preserve the strong new-creation sense; must also be taught as genuine humility God receives and restores, not a punitive/penitential framework that treats suffering itself as meritorious — a live risk given folk-Catholic penitential practice (e.g., Lenten self-mortification traditions) in much of the Spanish-speaking world.

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The Righteous and the Wicked

Spanish name: el justo y el impío
Key terms: blessed is the man, the righteous, the wicked, like a tree planted, like chaff
Review routing: Human theologian

Psalm 1’s ‘el justo’ (tsaddiq) shares its root with the baseline’s Critical forensic-justification term ‘justicia’ but denotes an observable, torah-delighting life pattern rather than an imputed legal verdict; teaching notes must prevent learners from either importing Romans 3-5’s forensic sense into Psalm 1, or reading Psalm 1 as teaching self-achieved righteousness as the ground of salvation.

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Torah as Delight and Life

Spanish name: la ley como fuente de gozo y vida
Key terms: law of the LORD is perfect, I delight in your law, meditate on it day and night
Review routing: Human theologian

Romans’ polemical law-versus-grace register (already Critical/High in the baseline) must never be imported into Psalms’ law-delights register; a standing teaching note is required wherever ‘ley’ appears in this curriculum so learners do not read torah in the Psalms as a source of condemnation rather than joy.

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Medium Risk Doctrines

Lament and Honest Prayer

Spanish name: el lamento y la oración sincera
Key terms: how long, why, forsaken, enemies, cry out
Review routing: Native speaker review

Devotional curricula in Hispanic evangelical culture sometimes favor upbeat, victory-oriented prayer models; the lament genre’s model of unfiltered, emotionally raw address to God (anger, fear, plea for vindication) must be preserved in translation and teaching as a legitimate, Scripture-modeled form of faith, not softened toward premature resolution.

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Unresolved Lament

Spanish name: el lamento sin resolución
Key terms: darkness, you have put me, no praise turn
Review routing: Native speaker review

Psalm 88 is the Psalter’s only lament that ends without a resolving turn to praise; a live risk in devotional Spanish-language materials, which instinctively want every prayer to end on an upbeat note, is ‘fixing’ the ending through paraphrase or accompanying commentary rather than preserving Scripture’s own model of prayer that does not always resolve tidily.

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Praise and Worship

Spanish name: la alabanza y la adoración
Key terms: praise, hallelujah, sing, know that the LORD is God
Review routing: Native speaker review

Biblical praise in the Psalter is consistently grounded in theological knowledge of God’s identity and acts (Psalm 100:3, ‘reconoced que el SEÑOR es Dios’), not generated by emotional technique; must be taught as a corrective to any worship-as-performance drift in contemporary Hispanic charismatic/praise-culture contexts, without disparaging emotionally expressive worship itself, which the Psalter also fully models.

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The Davidic Covenant (Psalms Witness)

Spanish name: el pacto davídico (testimonio de los Salmos)
Key terms: I have made a covenant with my chosen one, his seed, throne
Review routing: Native speaker review

Requires explicit Old Testament background (2 Samuel 7); reuses baseline ‘pacto’/‘elección’ exactly. No analogous concept is assumed in general Hispanic culture, so this doctrine needs deliberate contextualization rather than a lexical change.

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Wisdom and the Fear of the LORD

Spanish name: la sabiduría y el temor del SEÑOR
Key terms: fear of the LORD, the fool says in his heart, teach us to number our days
Review routing: Native speaker review

‘Temor del SEÑOR’ must convey reverent awe combined with obedient trust, not mere fright (‘miedo’); and ‘necio’ (fool) must retain its moral-spiritual weight (willful denial of God), not be flattened to a claim about low intelligence.

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Universal Praise and Mission to the Nations

Spanish name: la alabanza universal y la misión a las naciones
Key terms: all the earth, all nations, let everything that has breath praise the LORD
Review routing: Native speaker review

Reuses ‘naciones’ (not baseline ‘gentiles’) for the Psalter’s general royal/cosmic-praise usage; reinforces, without duplicating, the baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel and mission_to_nations doctrines. Retain unqualified universal language (‘todo lo que respira’) rather than softening it to a narrower ‘todos los creyentes.‘

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Divine Providence and Omniscience

Spanish name: la providencia y la omnisciencia divinas
Key terms: you have searched me and known me, fearfully and wonderfully made, all things work together
Review routing: Native speaker review

Must ground God’s knowledge and governance as personal and relational, not impersonal fate (‘destino/suerte’), consistent with the baseline’s existing providence caution for Romans 8:28.

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God as Compassionate Father

Spanish name: Dios como Padre compasivo
Key terms: father of the fatherless, as a father shows compassion
Review routing: Native speaker review

Reinforces the baseline’s Critical ‘Padre’ doctrine with an OT compassion-image; complements, rather than complicates, the existing doctrine, but requires teaching that this paternal-compassion simile anticipates the fuller NT adoption doctrine without collapsing the two.

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Assurance and Trust in God

Spanish name: la seguridad y la confianza en Dios
Key terms: trust, be still and know, cease striving
Review routing: Native speaker review

‘Estad quietos y sabed’ (Psalm 46:10) is frequently reduced in devotional use to a therapeutic ‘be calm’ message; must be taught in its actual context — a call to cease trusting military/political self-defense and trust God’s cosmic kingship — not a generic self-help mantra.

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Exile and the Hope of Restoration

Spanish name: el exilio y la esperanza de la restauración
Key terms: how shall we sing, restore our fortunes, those who sow in tears
Review routing: Native speaker review

Directly relevant to the pastoral situation of many Spanish-speaking migrant and displaced congregations; the disorientation of worship amid loss must be preserved as a legitimate, Scripture-modeled experience, not resolved artificially in translation or teaching material.

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Low Risk Doctrines

Thanksgiving

Spanish name: la acción de gracias
Key terms: thanksgiving, give thanks, grateful
Review routing: Automated review

Standard term reused exactly from the baseline; minimal risk.

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Human Dignity in Creation

Spanish name: la dignidad humana en la creación
Key terms: what is man, crowned with glory and honor, dominion
Review routing: Automated review

Standard vocabulary; minor teaching-level distinction needed between ‘hijo de hombre’ (representative, dominion-bearing humanity) and the baseline’s Critical ‘Hijo de Dios,’ since both phrases appear in this curriculum family.

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Corporate Worship and Pilgrimage

Spanish name: la adoración comunitaria y la peregrinación
Key terms: I was glad, how good and pleasant, songs of ascent
Review routing: Automated review

Standard devotional pilgrimage-psalm language reinforcing the baseline’s christian_fellowship doctrine; minimal independent risk.