Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Gospel of John (English → Korean)

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all 21 chapters of John. Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY] and must not be altered. New terms specific to John’s theological vocabulary are marked [NEW] and require addition to translation_memory.json at the start of Phase 2 processing for this curriculum, at the risk tier recorded here.

Risk tiers follow the baseline’s framework: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) / High (human theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review) / Low (automated review).

1. Christology — Deity, Pre-existence, and Person of Christ

Term (Eng.)	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Doctrine	Key Passages	Note
Word (Logos)	λόγος / logos	말씀	[NEW]	Critical	Deity & Pre-existence of Christ	1:1, 1:14	NEVER render as 도 (Confucian/Daoist “the Way”); avoid all association with the syncretistic cult recruitment phrase “도를 아십니까.” Personal, eternal, divine Being, not an abstract cosmic principle
God (predicate, “the Word was God”)	θεός / theos	하나님	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	Critical	Deity of Christ	1:1	Must render such that the Word is fully God in nature while remaining a distinct person from the Father
only begotten / unique Son	μονογενής / monogenēs	독생자	[NEW]	Critical	Deity & Pre-existence; Sonship of Christ	1:14, 1:18, 3:16, 3:18	Denotes unique, eternal, natural Sonship — categorically distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship (양자, baseline `adoption`)
Son of God	υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ / huios theou	하나님의 아들	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	High/Critical	Sonship & Deity of Christ	1:49, 3:18, 20:31	Reuse exactly per baseline `son_of_god` entry
Son of Man	υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου / huios tou anthrōpou	인자	[NEW]	High	Deity & Pre-existence of Christ	3:13-14, 12:23, 12:34	Daniel 7 messianic title carrying divine-authority freight; not a generic term for “a human being”
equal with God	ἴσος τῷ θεῷ / isos tō theō	하나님과 동등	[NEW]	Critical	Deity of Christ	5:18	Full ontological equality; must not be softened
life in himself	ζωὴν ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ / zōēn echein en heautō	자기 안에 생명을 가지다	[NEW]	Critical	Deity & Pre-existence of Christ	5:26	Self-existence, a divine attribute
I and the Father are one	ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ἕν ἐσμεν / egō kai ho patēr hen esmen	나와 아버지는 하나이다	[NEW]	Critical	Unity of the Father and the Son	10:30, cf. 17:11, 21-22	Unity of essence/nature, not mere moral agreement; must not be conflated with Korean folk-monistic/Buddhist non-dual “all is one” concepts. Distinct persons, one essence
Father in me, I in the Father	ἐν ἐμοὶ ὁ πατὴρ κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ	아버지께서 내 안에, 내가 아버지 안에	[NEW]	Critical	Unity of the Father and the Son	14:10-11	Mutual indwelling, complementing 10:30
”I am” (absolute, unpredicated)	ἐγώ εἰμι / egō eimi	내가 있느니라 / 내니라	[NEW]	Critical	Deity & Pre-existence of Christ	8:24, 8:28, 8:58, 13:19, 18:5-6, 18:8	Echoes Exodus 3:14 LXX divine self-identification; render with 있다 (to exist/be), not a bare copula. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence
glory (of Christ, shared with the Father before creation)	δόξα / doxa	영광	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	High	Deity & Pre-existence of Christ	1:14, 17:5	17:5 is an explicit pre-existence text (“glory… before the world existed”)
Lord (title, addressed to Jesus)	κύριος / kyrios	주님	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	Critical	Lordship of Christ	20:28	Combined with 하나님 in Thomas’s climactic confession
my Lord and my God	ὁ κύριός μου καὶ ὁ θεός μου	나의 주님이시요 나의 하나님이시니이다	[NEW combination of two BASELINE terms]	Critical	Deity of Christ	20:28	Climactic worship-confession; mandatory theologian review

2. The Seven “I Am” Statements

Statement	Greek	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passage
I am the bread of life	ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς	나는 생명의 떡이다	[NEW]	Critical	6:35, 48
I am the light of the world	ἐγώ εἰμι τὸ φῶς τοῦ κόσμου	나는 세상의 빛이다	[NEW]	Critical	8:12
I am the door (of the sheep)	ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα	나는 [양의] 문이다	[NEW]	Critical	10:7, 9
I am the good shepherd	ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός	나는 선한 목자다	[NEW]	Critical	10:11, 14
I am the resurrection and the life	ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή	나는 부활이요 생명이니	[NEW, reuses BASELINE 부활]	Critical	11:25
I am the way, the truth, and the life	ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ὁδὸς καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια καὶ ἡ ζωή	나는 길이요 진리요 생명이니	[NEW]	Critical	14:6
I am the true vine	ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή	나는 참포도나무다	[NEW]	Critical	15:1, 5

Note: All seven statements must be rendered with consistent, parallel grammatical structure (나는 ~이다 / ~이니) across every occurrence and every Phase 2 document, per the baseline’s cross-document consistency mandate for thesis-level recurring formulas.

3. The New Birth and Regeneration by the Spirit

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
born again / born from above	γεννηθῇ ἄνωθεν / gennēthē anōthen	거듭나다	[NEW]	Critical	3:3, 3:7	ἄνωθεν’s “from above” sense must be taught explicitly since 거듭나다 lexically conveys only “again.” Never associate with 윤회/환생 (reincarnation/rebirth)
water and Spirit	ὕδωρ καὶ πνεῦμα / hydōr kai pneuma	물과 성령	[NEW, reuses BASELINE 성령]	High	3:5	Must not be read as a shamanistic purification-water rite (cf. baseline `holy` caution against 부정을 씻다)
flesh (fallen human origin)	σάρξ / sarx	육신	[NEW — distinct sense from BASELINE incarnation usage]	High	3:6	Contrast σάρξ (fallen human nature/origin) with the positive incarnational σάρξ of 1:14 (성육신)
the wind blows where it wishes	πνεῦμα / pneuma (wordplay: wind/Spirit)	바람 (illustration) / 성령 (application)	[NEW]	Medium	3:8	Greek wordplay (one word for wind and Spirit) is lost in Korean; flag for translator note

4. Eternal Life through Faith in Christ

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
eternal life	ζωὴ αἰώνιος / zōē aiōnios	영생	[NEW]	Critical	3:15-16, 5:24, 6:68, 17:3, 20:31	Must be distinguished from (a) Buddhist framing of endless existence as undesirable (cf. baseline rejection of 해탈/윤회) and (b) Korean folk-Daoist 불로장생 (immortality/longevity-elixir) concepts. Defined by the text itself (17:3) as relational knowledge of the Father and the Son
believe / faith (verb)	πιστεύω / pisteuō	믿다	[NEW verb form of BASELINE 믿음]	High	throughout, esp. 3:15-18, 20:31	Trust in Christ’s person specifically; not generic religious belief or fortune-telling confidence (per baseline `faith`)
perish	ἀπόλλυμι / apollymi	멸망하다	[NEW]	Medium	3:15-16	Ultimate spiritual ruin before God, not misfortune (cf. baseline `sin` caution on 액운)
living water	ὕδωρ ζῶν / hydōr zōn	생수	[NEW]	Medium	4:10-14, 7:38	Metaphor for permanently satisfying Spirit-given life; distinguish from a magical elixir
bread of life	ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς / artos tēs zōēs	생명의 떡	[NEW]	High	6:35, 48	Reliance on Christ for spiritual sustenance, not physical bread alone
words of eternal life	ῥήματα ζωῆς αἰωνίου	영생의 말씀	[NEW, reuses 영생]	Critical	6:68	Peter’s confession
Savior of the world	σωτὴρ τοῦ κόσμου / sōtēr tou kosmou	세상의 구주	[NEW]	Critical	4:42	구주 (Savior-title) distinct from abstract 구원 (salvation); universal scope must be retained

5. God’s Love for the World

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
God so loved	ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεός / ēgapēsen ho theos	하나님이 사랑하사	[NEW verb use]	High	3:16	Self-giving, sacrificial love; ground of the whole Gospel’s soteriology
world (humanity, object of God’s love)	κόσμος / kosmos (sense 1)	세상	[NEW]	High	3:16, 3:17, 4:42	Must be disambiguated from sense 2 below in every occurrence
world (hostile world-system)	κόσμος / kosmos (sense 2)	세상	[NEW — same Korean word, distinct sense]	High	12:31, 15:18-19, 16:33, 17	The “ruler of this world” and “the world hates you” senses; not to be conflated with sense 1
love (general)	ἀγαπάω / agapaō	사랑하다	[NEW]	Medium-High	3:16, 13:34, 15:9-13	Self-giving, willed love; Korean does not lexically distinguish this from φιλέω (see John 21 entry below)
new commandment	ἐντολὴ καινή / entolē kainē	새 계명	[NEW]	Medium-High	13:34	Must retain “as I have loved you” sacrificial standard
do you love me (agapao/phileo alternation)	ἀγαπᾷς με / φιλεῖς με	네가 나를 사랑하느냐	[NEW — translation-limitation flag]	Medium-High	21:15-17	Korean, like English, cannot reproduce the Greek verb alternation without artificial paraphrase; recommend translator’s note for teaching material

6. Judgment and Belief/Unbelief

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
judgment / condemn	κρίσις, κρίνω / krisis, krinō	심판, 심판하다	[NEW]	High	3:17-19, 5:24-29, 9:39, 12:31, 16:8	NEVER frame as impersonal karmic retribution (인과응보); judgment is relational, based on response to Christ, executed by a personal God
already condemned	ἤδη κέκριται / ēdē kekritai	이미 심판을 받은 것이니라	[NEW]	High	3:18	Perfect tense — a present, settled condition
light	φῶς / phōs	빛	[NEW]	Medium	1:4-9, 3:19-21, 8:12, 9	Moral-spiritual antithesis with darkness; not a yin-yang-style balance concept (음양)
darkness	σκότος, σκοτία / skotos, skotia	어둠	[NEW]	Medium	1:5, 3:19	Culpable rebellion, not mere absence of light or a complementary cosmic force
truth	ἀλήθεια / alētheia	진리	[NEW]	High	1:14, 1:17, 3:21, 8:32, 14:6, 18:37-38	Personal, embodied in Christ; not an abstract Confucian/philosophical 道 concept detached from a personal God
convict / expose	ἐλέγχω / elenchō	책망하다 / 드러내다	[NEW]	Medium-High	3:20, 16:8	The Spirit’s personal convicting work regarding sin, righteousness, judgment
the wrath of God	ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ / orgē tou theou	하나님의 진노	[NEW]	High	3:36	Personal, righteous judicial response to unbelief, not impersonal karmic force
blind / blindness (spiritual)	τυφλός, τυφλόω / typhlos, typhloō	맹인, 눈을 멀게 하다	[NEW]	Medium-High	9 (throughout), 12:40	Willful, culpable spiritual blindness, not mere ignorance; ch.12’s judicial hardening requires careful non-fatalistic handling
sign	σημεῖον / sēmeion	표적	[NEW]	Medium	2:11, 2:23, 3:2, 4:54, 9, 12	Points to Christ’s identity/glory; not a shamanistic power-display (cf. baseline `power_of_god` caution)

7. The Holy Spirit as Counselor

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
Holy Spirit	πνεῦμα ἅγιον / pneuma hagion	성령	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	Critical	1:32-33, 3:5, 20:22	Never 신령 or 신 alone; never shamanistic spirit-possession framing
Paraclete / Counselor / Advocate / Helper	Παράκλητος / Paraklētos	보혜사	[NEW]	Critical	14:16, 14:26, 15:26, 16:7	Established Korean Protestant term; must be taught as the personal, divine third Person of the Trinity — NOT a generic shamanistic helper-spirit or channeled ancestral spirit (직접적으로 baseline `holy_spirit` caution extended)
Spirit of truth	πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας	진리의 영 / 성령	[NEW, combines BASELINE 성령 + NEW 진리]	Critical	14:17
rivers of living water (= the Spirit)	ποταμοὶ ὕδατος ζῶντος	생수의 강	[NEW, reuses 생수]	High	7:38-39	Narrator explicitly glosses this as the Spirit
receive the Holy Spirit	λάβετε πνεῦμα ἅγιον	성령을 받으라	[BASELINE — REUSE 성령]	Critical	20:22	Enacted anticipation of Pentecost

8. Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
Lamb of God	ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ / amnos tou theou	하나님의 어린양	[NEW]	High	1:29, 36	Substitutionary sacrifice as God’s own provision; distinguish from shamanistic gut-ritual animal offerings made by humans to appease spirits — here God himself provides
lifted up (crucifixion = exaltation)	ὑψόω / hypsoō	들리다	[NEW]	High	3:14, 12:32-34	Double meaning (crucified/exalted) must be made explicit in teaching, not left to the bare verb
the good shepherd lays down his life	ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλὸς τὴν ψυχὴν τίθησιν	선한 목자는 목숨을 버리거니와	[NEW]	Critical	10:11	Voluntary substitutionary self-giving
it is finished	τετέλεσται / tetelestai	다 이루었다	[NEW]	Critical	19:30	Perfect tense — completed, sufficient, once-for-all accomplishment of redemption
crucify	σταυρόω / stauroō	십자가에 못 박다	[NEW]	High	19 (throughout)	Full historical-physical reality (anti-docetic)
resurrection	ἀνάστασις / anastasis	부활	[BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY]	Critical	2:19-22, 5:29, 11:25, 20	Never 환생/윤회
Jesus wept	ἐδάκρυσεν / edakrysen	예수께서 눈물을 흘리시더라	[NEW]	Medium	11:35	Affirms genuine humanity alongside deity
blood and water	αἷμα καὶ ὕδωρ / haima kai hydōr	피와 물	[NEW]	Medium	19:34	Confirms the reality of Christ’s physical death
I have overcome the world	νενίκηκα τὸν κόσμον	내가 세상을 이기었다	[NEW]	Medium-High	16:33	Already-accomplished victory, grounded in the cross

9. Unity of the Father and the Son

(See Section 1 above for primary entries: 나와 아버지는 하나이다, mutual indwelling, ἵνα ὦσιν ἕν.)

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
that they may be one	ἵνα ὦσιν ἕν / hina ōsin hen	그들도 하나가 되게 하옵소서	[NEW]	Critical	17:11, 21-22	Believers’ unity patterned on and grounded in the Father-Son unity; not mere institutional/emotional harmony

Term	Greek / Translit.	Korean Rendering	Status	Risk	Key Passages	Note
Rabbi	Ῥαββί / Rhabbi	랍비	[NEW]	Low	1:38, 3:2
Pharisee	Φαρισαῖος / Pharisaios	바리새인	[NEW]	Low	1:24, 3:1
teacher	διδάσκαλος / didaskalos	선생	[NEW]	Medium	3:2, 3:10	Not a generic guru/도사 figure
temple	ναός, ἱερόν / naos, hieron	성전	[NEW]	Low	2:14-21	Distinct from Buddhist 절 and shamanistic 당집 (cf. baseline `church`)
worship	προσκυνέω / proskyneō	예배하다 / 경배하다	[NEW]	Medium	4:20-24, 9:38	Relational engagement with the personal God, not ritual location-bound performance or ancestor-rite (제사) worship
spirit and truth	πνεῦμα καὶ ἀλήθεια	영과 진리	[NEW]	Medium	4:23-24
slave / servant	δοῦλος / doulos	종	[NEW]	Medium	8:34, 13:16, 15:15	Total, unconditional service; distinguish from Confucian hierarchical-status servitude
door / gate	θύρα / thyra	문	[NEW]	Low	10:7, 9	Part of the “I Am” set
shepherd	ποιμήν / poimēn	목자	[NEW]	Low-Medium	10:2, 11, 14; 21:15-17	Established pastoral image in Korean church culture
hired hand	μισθωτός / misthōtos	삯꾼	[NEW]	Low	10:12-13
one flock, one shepherd	ἓν ποίμνιον, εἷς ποιμήν	한 무리와 한 목자	[NEW]	Medium-High	10:16	Connects to Unity of Jews and Gentiles
vine / branch	ἄμπελος, κλῆμα / ampelos, klēma	포도나무, 가지	[NEW]	Low	15:1-6
abide / remain	μένω / menō	거하다	[NEW]	Medium-High	15:4-10	Positive relational dependence — opposite in valence to Buddhist non-attachment (무집착) ideal; must be taught as commanded, life-giving clinging-in-relationship
fruit	καρπός / karpos	열매	[NEW]	Low	15:2-8, 16
friends	φίλοι / philoi	친구	[NEW]	Low-Medium	15:13-15
dwelling place	μονή / monē	거할 곳	[NEW]	Low-Medium	14:2
grain of wheat	κόκκος τοῦ σίτου	밀알	[NEW]	Medium	12:24
new birth family / children of God	τέκνα θεοῦ / tekna theou	하나님의 자녀	[NEW]	High	1:12-13	Distinct from Christ’s unique μονογενής sonship; connects to baseline `adoption`
glory of men	δόξα ἀνθρώπων	사람의 영광	[NEW]	Medium	12:43	Connects to baseline `glory` caution on 출세/명예
the ruler of this world	ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου	이 세상의 임금	[NEW]	Medium-High	12:31	Title for Satan; not a legitimate divine/human authority
put out of the synagogue	ἀποσυνάγωγος	회당에서 쫓겨남	[NEW]	Medium	9:22	Historical-social cost of confessing Christ
grace and truth	χάρις καὶ ἀλήθεια	은혜와 진리	[NEW, combines BASELINE 은혜 + NEW 진리]	Critical	1:14, 17	Christ as fulfillment of, not opposition to, the Law (baseline 율법)
Messiah	Μεσσίας / Messias	메시아	[Consistent with BASELINE 그리스도/messiah framework]	Medium	1:41, 4:25	Text’s own transliteration-then-gloss structure should be mirrored in Korean
bridegroom	νυμφίος / nymphios	신랑	[NEW]	Low-Medium	3:29
harvest	θερισμός / therismos	추수	[NEW]	Medium	4:35-38	Apply baseline `mission` caution against achievement-metric framing
betray / hand over	παραδίδωμι / paradidōmi	넘겨주다 / 배반하다	[NEW]	Medium	13:2, 21
King of the Jews	βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων	유대인의 왕	[NEW]	Medium	19:19-22	Ironic proclamation of true kingship
peace to you (greeting)	εἰρήνη ὑμῖν	너희에게 평강이 있을지어다	[NEW, adjacent to BASELINE 화평]	Medium	20:19, 21, 26	KRV liturgical greeting form; retain 화평 for the doctrinal “peace with God” concept per baseline
follow me	ἀκολούθει μοι	나를 따르라	[NEW]	Low-Medium	21:19, 22
joy / tribulation	χαρά / θλῖψις	기쁨 / 환난	[NEW]	Low	16:20-22, 33
worked/done in God	ἐν θεῷ εἰργασμένα	하나님 안에서 행한 것	[NEW]	High	3:21	Not human moral self-achievement (cf. baseline caution on 의리/도를 닦음)

Baseline Terms Reused Without Modification in John (for reference)

The following baseline terms recur throughout John and must be reused exactly as recorded in the Romans translation_memory.json: god (하나님), jesus (예수), holy_spirit (성령), father (아버지), lord (주님), son_of_god (하나님의 아들), messiah/christ (그리스도), incarnation (성육신), glory (영광), sin (죄), faith (믿음), salvation (구원), resurrection (부활), kingdom_of_god (하나님의 나라), law (율법), grace (은혜), holy (거룩한), sanctification (성화), peace (화평), church (교회, applied where “assembly of believers” sense arises, e.g., 3 John/Johannine epistle contexts, not extensively in the Gospel itself), prophet/prophecy (선지자/예언), covenant (언약), david (다윗), israel (이스라엘), gentiles/Greeks (이방인/헬라인 — note: John 12:20 “Greeks,” Ἕλληνες, is a distinct proper term from the baseline’s generic ἔθνη “Gentiles”; render 헬라인 for the specific ethnic-linguistic group, while retaining 이방인 for the general theological category elsewhere), thanksgiving (감사, cf. 6:11, 23 εὐχαριστέω), apostle (사도, cf. 13:16), election/chosen (선택, cf. 15:16 “I chose you,” ἐκλέγομαι).

Risk Summary (John-Specific New Terms)

Risk Tier	Count of New Terms	Review Routing
Critical	19	Human theologian, every occurrence
High	17	Human theologian
Medium	24	Native speaker review
Low	14	Automated review

This glossary must be merged into translation_memory.json as version increment before Phase 2 translation of any John curriculum document begins, per the Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.

Critical Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: 은혜
Transliteration: eunhye
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: 복, 은덕, 기복신앙식 은혜
Original: χάρις
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: the central Korean risk term. Never a reciprocal, shamanistically-transactional exchange (기복신앙 pattern). In John, embodied fully in Christ (1:14, 16-17); see also new term grace_and_truth below.

Justification

Approved rendering: 의롭다 하심
Transliteration: uiropda hasim
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: 도를 닦아 얻은 의

[Inherited from Romans package.] Forensic declaration, not process. NEVER 도를 닦아 얻은 의.

Salvation

Approved rendering: 구원
Transliteration: guwon
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: 해탈, 윤회에서 벗어남
Original: σῴζω, σωτηρία
Category: Soteriology

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 해탈 or 윤회에서 벗어남. In John, explicitly ‘through him’ (δι’ αὐτοῦ, John 3:17), reinforcing Christ’s exclusivity.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: 능력
Transliteration: neungnyeok
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: 영력, 굿의 힘

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: NEVER 영력. Relevant to John’s signs-vocabulary (표적, see sign below), which must point to Christ’s identity, not a shamanistic power-display.

Jesus

Approved rendering: 예수
Transliteration: Yesu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] Standard KRV transliteration, used throughout John.

God

Approved rendering: 하나님
Transliteration: Hananim
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 하느님, 천주, 산신령
Original: θεός
Category: God

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: NEVER 하느님, 천주, or 산신령. Standardized on 하나님 for Protestant curriculum consistency and explicit monotheism. Central to John 1:1’s ‘the Word was God’ (see word_was_god below) and 20:28’s Thomas confession (see my_lord_and_my_god below).

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: 성령
Transliteration: seongnyeong
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: 신령, 귀신, 무당이 부르는 영
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: Pneumatology

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: NEVER 신령 or 신 alone; NEVER frame using shamanistic spirit-possession language. Central to John 3:5, 7:39, 14-16 (see paraclete below), and 20:22.

Father

Approved rendering: 아버지
Transliteration: abeoji
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: 제사를 받는 조상
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: retain full awareness of Korea’s jesa (제사) ancestor-rite martyrdom history. Extensively developed in John’s Farewell Discourse and High Priestly Prayer (chs. 14-17); see father_son_one and mutual_indwelling below.

Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: 의로 여기심
Transliteration: uiro yeogisim
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: 의리로 얻은 의, 도를 닦아 얻은 의

[Inherited from Romans package.] CRITICAL: retained for cross-curriculum theological consistency, though not directly textualized in John’s own vocabulary.

Word Logos

Approved rendering: 말씀
Transliteration: malsseum
Doctrine: The Deity and Pre-existence of Christ (the Word)
Rejected alternatives: 도, 로고스 (bare transliteration)
Original: λόγος
Category: Christology

NEW. NEVER render as 도 (Do, ‘the Way’), the Confucian/Daoist impersonal cosmic-principle term, dangerous because of the syncretistic cult recruitment phrase ‘도를 아십니까?’ 말씀 must be taught as a personal, eternal, divine Being (John 1:1, 1:14), not an abstract principle or teaching. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

Word Was God

Approved rendering: 말씀은 하나님이시니라
Transliteration: malsseum-eun Hananim-isinira
Doctrine: The Deity and Pre-existence of Christ (the Word)
Rejected alternatives: 말씀은 신성하셨다 (softened ‘was divine’), 말씀은 신이었다 (was a god)
Original: θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος
Category: Christology

NEW. The anarthrous predicate of John 1:1c. Must assert the Word’s full deity while remaining a distinct person from the Father (ὁ θεός earlier in the verse), avoiding both modalism and Arian subordinationism. Follow this exact established KRV phrasing without paraphrase.

Only Begotten

Approved rendering: 독생자
Transliteration: dokjaengja
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 외아들 (merely ‘only child’), 양자와 동일시 (conflating with adoptive sonship)
Original: μονογενής
Category: Christology

NEW. Established KRV term. Denotes Christ’s unique, eternal, natural Sonship, categorically distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship (baseline adoption/양자). Used at John 1:14, 1:18, 3:16, 3:18. Mandatory theologian review.

Equal With God

Approved rendering: 하나님과 동등
Transliteration: Hananim-gwa dongdeung
Doctrine: Deity of Christ — Equality with God
Rejected alternatives: 하나님과 특별히 가까운 (merely ‘especially close to God’)
Original: ἴσος τῷ θεῷ
Category: Christology

NEW. John 5:18. Full ontological equality, not resemblance or delegated status; must not be softened toward an elevated-but-still-creaturely spirit-figure, a live risk given Korean shamanism’s hierarchy of increasingly powerful spirits.

Life In Himself

Approved rendering: 자기 안에 생명을 가지다
Transliteration: jagi ane saengmyeong-eul gajida
Doctrine: The Deity and Pre-existence of Christ (the Word)
Rejected alternatives: 생명을 받은 존재로서 (as one merely given life, creaturely sense)
Original: ζωὴν ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ
Category: Christology

NEW. John 5:26. A constructed descriptive phrase since Korean has no single noun for self-existence/aseity. Must not be softened to a merely creaturely ‘was given life’; self-existence is a divine attribute shared by Father and Son.

My Lord And My God

Approved rendering: 나의 주님이시요 나의 하나님이시니이다
Transliteration: na-ui junim-isiyo na-ui Hananim-isinieda
Doctrine: Confession of Christ’s Deity (Thomas)
Original: ὁ κύριός μου καὶ ὁ θεός μου
Category: Christology

NEW. John 20:28. Combines two already-Critical baseline terms (주님, 하나님) applied directly to Jesus in personal worship-address; the Gospel’s climactic deity confession, positioned before the purpose statement (20:30-31). Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

I Am Absolute

Approved rendering: 내가 있느니라 / 내니라
Transliteration: naega inneunira / naenira
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Rejected alternatives: 내가 그이다 (bare comparative copula)
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι
Category: Christology

NEW. The absolute, unpredicated ἐγώ εἰμι (John 8:24, 28, 58; 13:19; 18:5-6, 8), echoing Exodus 3:14 LXX. Must render with 있다 (to exist/be), not a bare predicate-completion copula, so the phrase echoes divine self-existence rather than an ordinary comparative statement about age or precedence. The crowd’s stoning attempt (8:59) and the guards falling backward (18:6) confirm first-century hearers understood a deity claim. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

I Am Bread Of Life

Approved rendering: 나는 생명의 떡이다
Transliteration: naneun saengmyeong-ui tteogida
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Christology

NEW. John 6:35, 48. First of the seven predicated ‘I Am’ statements. Must retain a consistent parallel grammatical structure (나는 ~이다) across every occurrence and every Phase 2 document. Reliance on Christ for spiritual sustenance, not a ritual food-offering practice.

I Am Light Of World

Approved rendering: 나는 세상의 빛이다
Transliteration: naneun sesang-ui bichida
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι τὸ φῶς τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Christology

NEW. John 8:12. Second of the seven ‘I Am’ statements. Must be kept as a morally-loaded antithesis with darkness, not Korea’s yin-yang-adjacent 음양 balance concept.

I Am Door

Approved rendering: 나는 [양의] 문이다
Transliteration: naneun [yang-ui] munida
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα
Category: Christology

NEW. John 10:7, 9. Third of the seven ‘I Am’ statements. Must retain the exclusivity of Christ as the ONLY door, guarding against a ‘one path among many’ reading.

I Am Good Shepherd

Approved rendering: 나는 선한 목자다
Transliteration: naneun seonhan mokjada
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός
Category: Christology

NEW. John 10:11, 14. Fourth of the seven ‘I Am’ statements, doubly weighted as also the Gospel’s clearest shepherd-atonement image (see good_shepherd_lays_down_life below). καλός must retain self-sacrificial excellence, not mere pleasantness.

I Am Resurrection Life

Approved rendering: 나는 부활이요 생명이니
Transliteration: naneun buhwal-iyo saengmyeong-ini
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή
Category: Christology

NEW. John 11:25. Fifth of the seven ‘I Am’ statements. Reuses baseline 부활 exactly, combined with 생명 (life). Directly anchors both the Resurrection and Eternal Life doctrines.

I Am Way Truth Life

Approved rendering: 나는 길이요 진리요 생명이니
Transliteration: naneun gil-iyo jilli-yo saengmyeong-ini
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ὁδὸς καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια καὶ ἡ ζωή
Category: Christology

NEW. John 14:6. Sixth of the seven ‘I Am’ statements, a compound saying. Must retain the exclusive ‘no one comes to the Father except through me’ force without qualification.

I Am True Vine

Approved rendering: 나는 참포도나무다
Transliteration: naneun cham-podonamuda
Doctrine: The Seven ‘I Am’ Statements
Original: ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή
Category: Christology

NEW. John 15:1, 5. Seventh and final ‘I Am’ statement, completing the set that must be treated as a single consistent glossary family with parallel grammar across every document.

Born Again

Approved rendering: 거듭나다
Transliteration: geodeumnada
Doctrine: The New Birth and Regeneration by the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: 환생, 윤회
Original: γεννηθῇ ἄνωθεν
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 3:3, 7 (core passage). 거듭나다 lexically conveys only ἄνωθεν’s ‘again’ sense, not its ‘from above’ sense; teaching must supply the heavenly-origin nuance explicitly so the doctrine is never assimilated to Buddhist 윤회 (reincarnation cycle) or 환생 (rebirth). New birth is ONE-TIME and Spirit-originated. Mandatory theologian review.

Eternal Life

Approved rendering: 영생
Transliteration: yeongsaeng
Doctrine: Eternal Life through Faith in Christ
Rejected alternatives: 해탈, 윤회에서 벗어남, 불로장생
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 3:15-16 (core passage), 5:24, 6:68, 17:3, 20:31. Two live Korean collisions: (1) Buddhist/folk soteriology treats endless samsaric existence as the problem to escape; (2) Korea’s folk-Daoist 불로장생 (immortality-elixir) tradition. 영생 must be taught as relational union with God through Christ, anchored to John 17:3’s own definition. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

Words Of Eternal Life

Approved rendering: 영생의 말씀
Transliteration: yeongsaeng-ui malsseum
Doctrine: Eternal Life through Faith in Christ
Original: ῥήματα ζωῆς αἰωνίου
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 6:68, Peter’s confession. Reuses 영생 exactly as established at John 3:15-16 and 17:3; ties John 6 back to the central eternal-life doctrine.

Savior Of The World

Approved rendering: 세상의 구주
Transliteration: sesang-ui guju
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Rejected alternatives: 민족의 구주 (ethnically-particular savior)
Original: σωτὴρ τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 4:42, the Samaritans’ confession. 구주 (Savior-title) is distinct from the abstract noun 구원 (salvation). Must retain unqualified universal scope, resisting the 단일민족 ethnic-particularist softening documented in the baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel caution.

Paraclete

Approved rendering: 보혜사
Transliteration: bohyesa
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit as Counselor
Rejected alternatives: 파라클레토스 (bare transliteration)
Original: Παράκλητος
Category: Pneumatology

NEW. John 14:16, 14:26, 15:26, 16:7. Established Korean Protestant term. Must be taught as the personal, divine third Person of the Trinity continuing Christ’s own presence and advocacy — NOT a generic shamanistic helper-spirit, ancestral spirit, or channeled spirit-guide (신령/수호신 in a mudang’s 굿 ritual). Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

Spirit Of Truth

Approved rendering: 진리의 영
Transliteration: jilli-ui yeong
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit as Counselor
Original: τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Pneumatology

NEW. John 14:17. Combines baseline 성령 with new term 진리. Must retain personal, divine identity, not an impersonal universal spirit or life-force.

Receive Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: 성령을 받으라
Transliteration: seongnyeong-eul badeura
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit as Counselor
Original: λάβετε πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: Pneumatology

NEW phrase reusing baseline 성령 exactly. John 20:22, the risen Christ’s enacted, symbolic anticipation of the full Pentecostal outpouring, connecting the Resurrection appearance to the Paraclete promised in chs. 14-16.

Good Shepherd Lays Down Life

Approved rendering: 선한 목자는 목숨을 버리거니와
Transliteration: seonhan mokjaneun moksum-eul beorigeoniwa
Doctrine: The Good Shepherd’s Substitutionary Love
Original: ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλὸς τὴν ψυχὴν τίθησιν
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 10:11. The Good Shepherd’s voluntary substitutionary self-giving; doubly weighted as both an ‘I Am’ saying (see i_am_good_shepherd) and the Gospel’s clearest shepherd-atonement image.

It Is Finished

Approved rendering: 다 이루었다
Transliteration: da irueotda
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: τετέλεσται
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 19:30. Established KRV rendering. Perfect tense — must retain the sense of a completed, sufficient, once-for-all redemptive accomplishment, not merely ‘the ordeal is over.’ Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

Father Son One

Approved rendering: 나와 아버지는 하나이다
Transliteration: nawa abeojineun hana-ida
Doctrine: Unity of the Father and the Son
Rejected alternatives: 모든 것이 하나 (generic non-dual ‘all is one’)
Original: ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ἕν ἐσμεν
Category: Trinitarian Theology

NEW. John 10:30. Must be taught as unity of divine essence/nature — NOT mere moral agreement — and must NOT be conflated with Korean folk-monistic or Buddhist non-dual concepts of ultimate oneness (e.g., popular 불이/무아 renderings in some new religious movements). Neither two gods nor an undifferentiated being. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence, alongside John 17:11, 21-22.

Mutual Indwelling

Approved rendering: 아버지께서 내 안에 계시고 내가 아버지 안에 있다
Transliteration: abeojikkeseo nae ane gyesigo naega abeoji ane itda
Doctrine: Unity of the Father and the Son
Original: ἐν ἐμοὶ ὁ πατὴρ κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ
Category: Trinitarian Theology

NEW. John 14:10-11. Same doctrinal weight as father_son_one above; mutual indwelling complementing the essence-unity language of 10:30.

That They May Be One

Approved rendering: 그들도 하나가 되게 하옵소서
Transliteration: geudeuldo hanaga doege haopsoseo
Doctrine: Unity of the Father and the Son
Original: ἵνα ὦσιν ἕν
Category: Trinitarian Theology

NEW. John 17:11, 21-22. Must retain the ‘even as we are one’ grounding — believers’ unity is patterned on and made possible by union with the Father-Son unity, not a mere call for institutional/emotional harmony independent of that ground.

Grace And Truth

Approved rendering: 은혜와 진리
Transliteration: eunhye-wa jilli
Doctrine: Grace and Truth as Fulfillment of the Law
Original: χάρις καὶ ἀλήθεια
Category: Christology

NEW. John 1:14, 1:17. Combines baseline grace (Critical) with new term truth. Must be taught as Christ FULFILLING the Law (baseline law/율법) through grace and truth, not rejecting or opposing it; 은혜 must resist the 기복신앙 transactional pattern.

High Risk Terms

Faith

Approved rendering: 믿음
Transliteration: mideum
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: 미신적 믿음, 사주팔자를 믿는 것
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

[Inherited from Romans package.] Personal trust placed in Christ specifically, not generic religious belief (미신) or fortune-telling confidence (사주팔자). See new verb-form entry believe_verb below.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: 의
Transliteration: ui
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: 의리, 도덕

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from 의리 (loyalty-ethics) and mere morality. Not extensively used in John’s own vocabulary but retained for cross-curriculum consistency with Pauline material.

Called

Approved rendering: 부르심을 받은
Transliteration: bureusim-eul badeun
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: 팔자에 정해진, 운명적으로

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 팔자에 정해진. Personal, relational summons, not fate.

Calling

Approved rendering: 부르심
Transliteration: bureusim
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: 운명, 팔자

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 운명 or 팔자.

Holy

Approved rendering: 거룩한
Transliteration: georokan
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: 부정을 씻은, 정결한 (무속 의미)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from shamanistic ritual purification (부정을 씻다). John 17:11 applies this directly to the Father (‘Holy Father’).

Saints

Approved rendering: 성도
Transliteration: seongdo
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: 신선, 도인

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 신선 or 도인.

Sanctification

Approved rendering: 성화
Transliteration: seonghwa
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: 수행, 도 닦기
Original: ἁγιάζω, ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from ascetic self-cultivation. John 17:17, 19 ties sanctification explicitly to God’s word/truth.

Adoption

Approved rendering: 양자
Transliteration: yangja
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: 제사를 위한 양자

[Inherited from Romans package.] Korean historic heir-adoption existed primarily to continue 제사 ancestor-rites; biblical adoption is relational, not instrumental. Directly relevant background for John’s new term children_of_god (1:12-13).

Son Of God

Approved rendering: 하나님의 아들
Transliteration: Hananim-ui adeul
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 환웅식 하늘의 아들
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] Avoid assimilating to Korea’s Dangun/Hwanung founding-myth pattern. Used at John 1:49, 3:18, 20:31; combines with new term only_begotten (독생자) at 1:14, 1:18, 3:16, 3:18.

Incarnation

Approved rendering: 성육신
Transliteration: seongyuksin
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: 화신, 환생
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 화신. This is the primary NT proof-text doctrine underlying John 1:14’s ‘the Word became flesh’; distinguish from the negative fallen-flesh sense at John 3:6 (see flesh_fallen below).

Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: 은사
Transliteration: eunsa
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: 영력, 무당의 능력

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 영력. Not extensively developed in John’s own text but retained for cross-curriculum vocabulary consistency.

Law

Approved rendering: 율법
Transliteration: yulbeop
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: 예, 법률
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER equate with 예 or reduce to 법률. John 1:17 presents Christ’s grace and truth as the Law’s FULFILLMENT, not its rejection.

Sin

Approved rendering: 죄
Transliteration: joe
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: 액운, 체면 손상
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from 액운 and 체면 손상. Central to John 1:29, 8:34, 9:41.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: 이방인
Transliteration: ibangin
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: 외국인 (단일민족 의미로)

[Inherited from Romans package.] Avoid the 단일민족 ethnic-nationalist reading. See new term greeks_hellenes below for John 12:20’s distinct ethnic-specific referent, and one_flock_one_shepherd for John 10:16.

Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: 믿음의 순종
Transliteration: mideum-ui sunjong
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: 효를 위한 순종, 삼종지도식 순종

[Inherited from Romans package.] Guard against Confucian hierarchical-compliance reduction. Relevant background to John’s costly-discipleship/servanthood vocabulary (slave_servant, put_out_of_synagogue below).

Providence

Approved rendering: 섭리
Transliteration: seomni
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: 팔자, 운명

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 팔자 or 운명. Directly relevant to John’s judgment/personal-God-versus-impersonal-fate caution (see judgment_krisis, wrath_of_god below).

Abba

Approved rendering: 아빠
Transliteration: appa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family

[Inherited from Romans package.] Not itself present in John’s Gospel text (a Romans 8:15 term), but the underlying intimacy principle applies wherever Father-address recurs in John’s Farewell Discourse and Prayer.

Seed Of David

Approved rendering: 다윗의 혈통
Transliteration: Dawit-ui hyeoltong
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant

[Inherited from Romans package.] Conveys physical lineage and OT covenant fulfillment; background context for John 7:42’s Davidic-descent expectation.

Son Of Man

Approved rendering: 인자
Transliteration: inja
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 단순한 사람 (a mere human being)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology

NEW. Established KRV term (人子), a Daniel 7:13-14 messianic title carrying divine-authority freight, not a generic term for a human being. Because the literal Korean components are transparently ‘person’s child,’ teaching must explicitly supply the Daniel 7 background at John 3:13-14, 12:23, 12:34.

Flesh Fallen

Approved rendering: 육신
Transliteration: yuksin
Doctrine: The New Birth and Regeneration by the Spirit
Original: σάρξ
Category: Christology

NEW. John 3:6. Fallen, merely-human, God-independent existence, contrasted with πνεῦμα (Spirit). Must be flagged with a contextual note distinguishing this negative sense from the positive incarnational σάρξ of John 1:14 (성육신, baseline incarnation).

Water And Spirit

Approved rendering: 물과 성령
Transliteration: mulgwa seongnyeong
Doctrine: The New Birth and Regeneration by the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: 부정을 씻는 의식 (shamanistic purification rite)
Original: ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 3:5 (core passage). A single, Spirit-centered regenerating event, not a two-step ritual-then-spiritual formula, and not a shamanistic water-purification rite (cf. baseline holy caution against 부정을 씻다).

Believe Verb

Approved rendering: 믿다
Transliteration: mitda
Doctrine: Eternal Life through Faith in Christ
Rejected alternatives: 미신적 믿음, 사주팔자를 믿는 것
Original: πιστεύω
Category: Faith

NEW verb form of baseline faith/믿음. Trust in Christ’s person and testimony specifically, throughout the Gospel and especially John 3:15-18, 20:31. John 20:31’s rendering must be fixed and used identically across all Phase 2 documents, per the thesis-verse consistency mandate.

God So Loved

Approved rendering: 하나님이 세상을 이처럼 사랑하사
Transliteration: Hananim-i sesang-eul icheoreom saranghasa
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Original: οὕτως ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν κόσμον
Category: God

NEW. John 3:16 (core passage), the Gospel’s single most quoted verse. Per cross-document consistency rules (parallel to the Romans thesis-verse mandate), this exact rendering must be used identically across all Phase 2 documents. Retains a self-giving, sacrificial sense, not sentimental emotion.

World Humanity

Approved rendering: 세상
Transliteration: sesang
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Original: κόσμος (sense 1)
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 3:16-17, 4:42 — κόσμος sense (1): the created world/humanity, object of God’s redemptive love, without ethnic restriction. Same Korean word as world_hostile_system below; must be disambiguated by explicit contextual teaching at every occurrence, since Korean shares the Greek’s dual-sense ambiguity rather than resolving it lexically.

World Hostile System

Approved rendering: 세상
Transliteration: sesang
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: κόσμος (sense 2)
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 12:31, 15:18-19, 16:33, ch. 17 — κόσμος sense (2): the organized system of human society in opposition to God under ‘the ruler of this world.’ Same Korean word as world_humanity above; must never be conflated with sense (1) in the reader’s mind, especially not read back into John 3:16.

Judgment Krisis

Approved rendering: 심판, 심판하다
Transliteration: simpan, simpanhada
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: κρίσις, κρίνω
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 3:17-19 (core passage), 5:24-29, 9:39, 12:31, 16:8. NEVER frame as impersonal karmic retribution (인과응보), a deeply entrenched Korean Buddhist-folk cause-and-effect concept operating apart from a personal God. Johannine judgment is relational, based on response to Christ, executed by a personal God. Mandatory theologian review.

Already Condemned

Approved rendering: 이미 심판을 받은 것이니라
Transliteration: imi simpan-eul badeun geosinira
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: ἤδη κέκριται
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 3:18 (core passage). Perfect tense — must retain the force of a present, settled condition, not merely a future threat.

Truth

Approved rendering: 진리
Transliteration: jilli
Doctrine: Truth Embodied in Christ
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 1:14,17; 3:21 (core passage); 8:32; 14:6; 14:17; 16:13; 18:37-38. Must be distinguished from a generic Confucian/philosophical abstract 道 detached from a personal God — the same collision risk flagged for 말씀 (Logos). Truth in John is always personally anchored in Christ himself.

Wrath Of God

Approved rendering: 하나님의 진노
Transliteration: Hananim-ui jino
Doctrine: The Wrath and Judgment of God on Unbelief
Original: ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: God

NEW. John 3:36 (core passage closing verse). Must be taught as a personal, righteous judicial response to unbelief specifically, not an impersonal karmic force — same collision caution as judgment_krisis.

Blindness Spiritual

Approved rendering: 맹인, 눈을 멀게 하다
Transliteration: maengin, nuneul meolge hada
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: τυφλός, τυφλόω
Category: Judgment

NEW. John ch. 9 (throughout), 12:40. Willful, culpable spiritual blindness, not mere ignorance (9:41). John 12:40’s judicial-hardening citation of Isaiah 6:10 requires careful, non-fatalistic handling as a response to prior willful unbelief, not arbitrary predetermination unrelated to human responsibility.

Rivers Of Living Water

Approved rendering: 생수의 강
Transliteration: saengsu-ui gang
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit as Counselor
Original: ποταμοὶ ὕδατος ζῶντος
Category: Pneumatology

NEW. John 7:38-39. Reuses 생수 (John ch. 4); the narrator explicitly glosses this image as the Holy Spirit, whose outpouring is tied to Christ’s glorification — must not be left purely material.

Lamb Of God

Approved rendering: 하나님의 어린양
Transliteration: Hananim-ui eorinyang
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 1:29, 36. Established KRV term. Must be taught as God’s own unique, sufficient provision for sin, explicitly distinguished from Korean shamanistic gut-ritual animal offerings made by humans to appease spirits — here God himself provides the Lamb, reversing the direction of the shamanistic pattern entirely.

Lifted Up

Approved rendering: 들리다
Transliteration: deullida
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: ὑψόω
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 3:14 (core passage), 12:32-34. Deliberate double meaning (physical lifting up on the cross AND exaltation/glorification). 들리다 can carry an honor-nuance contextually but does not automatically signal this doctrinal connection; must be made explicit in teaching notes.

Crucify

Approved rendering: 십자가에 못 박다
Transliteration: sipjjaga-e mot bakda
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Atonement

NEW. John ch. 19 throughout. Must retain full historical-physical reality (anti-docetic), foundational to the Substitutionary Death doctrine.

One Flock One Shepherd

Approved rendering: 한 무리와 한 목자
Transliteration: han murie-wa han mokja
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles (One Flock, One Shepherd)
Original: ἓν ποίμνιον, εἷς ποιμήν
Category: Ecclesiology

NEW. John 10:16. Must avoid ethnic-particularist softening, paralleling the baseline caution against Korea’s 단일민족 (‘single, homogeneous ethnic nation’) self-conception.

Abide Remain

Approved rendering: 거하다
Transliteration: georhada
Doctrine: Abiding in Christ
Original: μένω
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 15:4-10. Commanded, life-giving relational DEPENDENCE — the theological opposite of the Buddhist ideal of non-attachment/non-clinging (무집착, 집착을 버림). Teaching must make explicit that biblical abiding is commanded and life-giving, not a form of attachment to be transcended.

Children Of God

Approved rendering: 하나님의 자녀
Transliteration: Hananim-ui janyeo
Doctrine: Children of God (Adoptive Family through New Birth)
Original: τέκνα θεοῦ
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 1:12-13. Must be clearly distinguished from Christ’s unique natural Sonship (독생자, only_begotten); connects to baseline adoption caution about Korea’s historic instrumental heir-adoption practice (for continuing 제사 ancestor-rites).

Worked In God

Approved rendering: 하나님 안에서 행한 것
Transliteration: Hananim anaeseo haenghan geot
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: ἐν θεῷ εἰργασμένα
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 3:21 (core passage). Deeds accomplished in reliance on and union with God, not self-generated moral achievement; must not be read as human moral self-achievement, echoing baseline caution on 의리/도를 닦음 framings.

Medium Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: 복음
Transliteration: bogeum
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: 좋은 소식, 굿뉴스

[Inherited from Romans package.] Established KRV term. Because 복 (bok, fortune/blessing) sits in the same semantic field as 기복신앙 (‘fortune-seeking faith’), teaching must make explicit the gospel announces salvation through Christ, not a forecast of material fortune. Relevant background for John’s own gospel-purpose statement (John 20:31).

Resurrection

Approved rendering: 부활
Transliteration: buhwal
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 환생, 윤회
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 환생 or 윤회. Central to John 2:19-22, 5:29, 11:25, and ch. 20.

Lord

Approved rendering: 주님
Transliteration: junim
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 주인님
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] Required honorific 님 suffix. In John, applied climactically to Jesus at 20:28 (see my_lord_and_my_god below, elevated to Critical as a combined confession).

Peace

Approved rendering: 화평
Transliteration: hwapyeong
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: 평안 (일반적 안녕)
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Soteriology

[Inherited from Romans package.] John 14:27 explicitly distinguishes Christ’s peace from ‘as the world gives.’ See peace_greeting below for the risen Christ’s distinct liturgical greeting form (20:19,21,26).

Church

Approved rendering: 교회
Transliteration: gyohoe
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: 당집, 절

[Inherited from Romans package.] NEVER 당집 or 절. See new term temple (성전) below for the distinct Jerusalem-sanctuary sense in John 2.

Glory

Approved rendering: 영광
Transliteration: yeonggwang
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: 명예, 출세
Original: δόξα
Category: God

[Inherited from Romans package.] Avoid collapsing into 명예 or 출세. John 17:5 is an explicit pre-existence text (‘glory… before the world existed’); John 1:14, 2:11, 11:4,40 also central.

Messiah

Approved rendering: 그리스도
Transliteration: Geuriseudo
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: 미륵
Original: Χριστός / Μεσσίας
Category: Christology

[Inherited from Romans package.] Avoid conflating with 미륵. John 1:41 and 4:25 themselves transliterate the Semitic Μεσσίας as 메시아 and gloss it ‘곧 그리스도라’ (see messiah_translit_gloss below); mirror this bilingual structure in Korean at those verses.

Prophet

Approved rendering: 선지자
Transliteration: seonjija
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: 점쟁이, 무당

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from 점쟁이 and 무당. John 11:51 records an ironic unwitting prophecy from Caiaphas.

Prophecy

Approved rendering: 예언
Transliteration: yeeon
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: 점, 사주팔자 예측

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from 점 and 사주팔자 prediction.

Election

Approved rendering: 선택
Transliteration: seontaek
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: 팔자, 운

[Inherited from Romans package.] Avoid 팔자/운. See new term election_chosen usage at John 15:16, 19 and 6:70.

Intercession

Approved rendering: 중보기도
Transliteration: jungbo gido
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: 굿을 통한 중재

[Inherited from Romans package.] Distinguish from a mudang’s ritual mediation during a gut ceremony. Relevant background to John 17’s High Priestly Prayer.

Mission

Approved rendering: 선교
Transliteration: seongyo
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations

[Inherited from Romans package.] Korea’s success-and-growth-oriented missions culture caution applies directly to John’s harvest imagery (see harvest below) and John 20:21’s sending commission.

David

Approved rendering: 다윗
Transliteration: Dawit
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

[Inherited from Romans package.] Standard KRV proper name form. John 7:42 references Davidic messianic expectation.

Israel

Approved rendering: 이스라엘
Transliteration: Iseurael
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant

[Inherited from Romans package.] Established form. Used at John 1:31, 49; 3:10; 12:13.

Messiah Translit Gloss

Approved rendering: 메시아 (곧 그리스도라)
Transliteration: Mesia (got Geuriseudora)
Doctrine: Messianic Promise

NEW. John 1:41 and 4:25 themselves transliterate the Semitic Μεσσίας and then gloss it as Χριστός. Korean should mirror this exact bilingual structure (메시아, then ‘곧 그리스도라’) at those two verses rather than collapsing straight to 그리스도, matching the text’s own didactic move.

King Of The Jews

Approved rendering: 유대인의 왕
Transliteration: Yudaein-ui wang
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
Category: Christology

NEW. John 19:19-22. Pilate’s titulus, intended mockingly but truthfully descriptive. The dramatic irony (mockery stating literal truth) should be preserved in accompanying teaching notes.

Wind Spirit Wordplay

Approved rendering: 바람 (illustration) / 성령 (application)
Transliteration: baram / seongnyeong
Doctrine: The New Birth and Regeneration by the Spirit
Original: τὸ πνεῦμα ὅπου θέλει πνεῖ
Category: Pneumatology

NEW. John 3:8 (core passage). The Greek wordplay (one word, πνεῦμα, for both ‘wind’ and ‘Spirit’) cannot be reproduced in Korean, where 바람 and 영/성령 are unrelated words. Flag with a translator’s note preserving the illustrative logic explicitly in teaching material.

Perish

Approved rendering: 멸망하다
Transliteration: myeolmanghada
Doctrine: Eternal Life through Faith in Christ
Original: ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 3:15-16 (core passage). Must retain the sense of ultimate spiritual ruin before a personal God, not misfortune or bad luck (cf. baseline sin caution against 액운).

Living Water

Approved rendering: 생수
Transliteration: saengsu
Doctrine: Eternal Life through Faith in Christ
Rejected alternatives: 마법의 물약 (magic elixir)
Original: ὕδωρ ζῶν
Category: Soteriology

NEW. John 4:10-14; explicitly identified with the Spirit at 7:38-39 (see rivers_of_living_water below). Metaphor for permanently satisfying, Spirit-given life, not a magical longevity elixir.

Love Agapao

Approved rendering: 사랑하다
Transliteration: saranghada
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: God

NEW. John 3:16, 13:34, 15:9-13. Self-giving, willed love, John’s preferred verb for both divine love and love commanded among believers. Korean does not lexically distinguish ἀγαπάω from φιλέω; this surfaces sharply at John 21:15-17 (see agapao_phileo_alternation below).

New Commandment

Approved rendering: 새 계명
Transliteration: sae gyemyeong
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Original: ἐντολὴ καινή
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 13:34. Must retain the ‘as I have loved you’ sacrificial standard rather than reducing to generic ethical niceness.

Agapao Phileo Alternation

Approved rendering: 네가 나를 사랑하느냐
Transliteration: nega nareul saranghaneunya
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Original: ἀγαπᾷς με / φιλεῖς με
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 21:15-17. Korean, like most English versions, lacks two ordinary verbs cleanly paralleling ἀγαπάω/φιλέω (both render 사랑하다); the literary wordplay is necessarily lost in running text. Mandatory translator’s note (not theologian review) documenting the underlying Greek alternation for teaching material.

Light

Approved rendering: 빛
Transliteration: bit
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: φῶς
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 1:4-9, 3:19-21 (core passage), 8:12, ch. 9. Must stay a moral-spiritual antithesis (light exposes culpable sin), not soften into Korea’s yin-yang-adjacent 음양 concept of complementary, non-moral cosmic balance.

Darkness

Approved rendering: 어둠
Transliteration: eodum
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: σκότος, σκοτία
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 1:5, 3:19 (core passage). Culpable, willed rebellion, not mere absence of light or a complementary cosmic force; same 음양 collision caution as light above.

Convict Expose

Approved rendering: 책망하다
Transliteration: chaengmanghada
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 3:20 (core passage), 16:8. Used both of the light’s exposing work and the Spirit’s convicting ministry; must be rendered consistently across both passages and taught as personal/relational, not an impersonal moral-cause-effect mechanism.

Sign

Approved rendering: 표적
Transliteration: pyojeok
Doctrine: Signs and Belief
Rejected alternatives: 마술 (magic trick)
Original: σημεῖον
Category: Christology

NEW. John 2:11,23; 3:2 (core passage); 4:54; ch. 9; ch. 12; 20:30-31. Must be kept distinct from a shamanistic power-display (영력, cf. baseline power_of_god caution) or a mere magic trick; signs point to Christ’s identity, not to the wonder-worker’s own power.

Jesus Wept

Approved rendering: 예수께서 눈물을 흘리시더라
Transliteration: Yesukkeseo nunmul-eul heulrisideora
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: ἐδάκρυσεν
Category: Christology

NEW. John 11:35. Genuine human emotional grief, theologically significant for affirming Christ’s true humanity alongside his deity (guards the hypostatic union against docetic softening).

Blood And Water

Approved rendering: 피와 물
Transliteration: piwa mul
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: αἷμα καὶ ὕδωρ
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 19:34. Physical detail from the spear-thrust confirming the reality and completeness of Christ’s actual, physical death.

Overcome The World

Approved rendering: 내가 세상을 이기었다
Transliteration: naega sesang-eul igieotda
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: νενίκηκα τὸν κόσμον
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 16:33. Perfect tense — must retain the ‘already accomplished’ victory force, grounded in the cross event narrated in ch. 19.

Teacher

Approved rendering: 선생
Transliteration: seonsaeng
Doctrine: Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: 도사 (guru/spiritual master)
Original: διδάσκαλος
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 3:2, 3:10 (core passage). Must not be softened toward a generic guru/spiritual-master framing, per the baseline’s caution against 도사 for apostle.

Temple

Approved rendering: 성전
Transliteration: seongjeon
Doctrine: Ecclesiology
Original: ναός, ἱερόν
Category: Ecclesiology

NEW. John 2:14-21. Distinct from a Buddhist temple (절, already excluded under baseline church) and a shamanistic shrine (당집). Reapplied typologically by Jesus to his own body.

Worship

Approved rendering: 예배하다
Transliteration: yebaehada
Doctrine: True Worship in Spirit and Truth
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Ecclesiology

NEW. John 4:20-24, 9:38. Must be distinguished from ritual worship of ancestors (제사, cf. baseline father Critical caution) and shamanistic spirit-appeasement (굿); relational engagement with the personal, spiritual God. Worship directed to Jesus (9:38) is a significant deity-of-Christ data point.

Spirit And Truth

Approved rendering: 영과 진리
Transliteration: yeong-gwa jilli
Doctrine: True Worship in Spirit and Truth
Original: πνεῦμα καὶ ἀλήθεια
Category: Ecclesiology

NEW. John 4:23-24. Combines 영 (or 성령, depending on interpretation) with 진리 (see truth above).

Slave Servant

Approved rendering: 종
Transliteration: jong
Doctrine: Costly Discipleship and Servanthood
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 8:34, 13:16, 15:15. Should retain the fuller ‘slave/bondservant’ force rather than a merely voluntary employee-like ‘servant,’ while distinguished from Confucian hierarchical-status servitude (cf. baseline obedience_of_faith caution).

Grain Of Wheat

Approved rendering: 밀알
Transliteration: millal
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Death and Resurrection
Original: ὁ κόκκος τοῦ σίτου
Category: Atonement

NEW. John 12:24. Agricultural metaphor requiring explanation to connect it to Christ’s fruitful, substitutionary death.

Glory Of Men

Approved rendering: 사람의 영광
Transliteration: saram-ui yeonggwang
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: δόξα ἀνθρώπων
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 12:43. Connects directly to baseline glory caution against 출세 (career/social success) and 명예 (secular honor).

Ruler Of This World

Approved rendering: 이 세상의 임금
Transliteration: i sesang-ui imgeum
Doctrine: Judgment and Belief/Unbelief
Original: ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου
Category: Judgment

NEW. John 12:31. A title for Satan; must be clearly identified as such, not a legitimate divine or human authority. Connects to world_hostile_system (κόσμος sense 2).

Put Out Of Synagogue

Approved rendering: 회당에서 쫓겨남
Transliteration: hoedang-eseo jjotgyeonam
Doctrine: Costly Discipleship and Servanthood
Original: ἀποσυνάγωγος
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 9:22. Historical-social term reflecting the real social cost of confessing Christ.

Harvest

Approved rendering: 추수
Transliteration: chusu
Doctrine: Mission and Sending
Original: θερισμός
Category: Mission

NEW. John 4:35-38. Apply baseline mission caution: emphasize gospel urgency/compassion, not Korea’s numbers-driven, achievement-oriented missions culture.

Betray

Approved rendering: 넘겨주다
Transliteration: neomgyeojuda
Doctrine: Narrative
Original: παραδίδωμι
Category: Narrative

NEW. John 13:2, 21. Note the term’s dual resonance elsewhere in the NT (human betrayal vs. divine ‘giving up’ of the Son), though John 13 uses it specifically of Judas’s betrayal.

Peace Greeting

Approved rendering: 너희에게 평강이 있을지어다
Transliteration: neohuiege pyeonggang-i isseuljieoda
Doctrine: God
Original: εἰρήνη ὑμῖν
Category: God

NEW. John 20:19, 21, 26. The risen Christ’s repeated benedictory greeting. KRV commonly uses 평강 in this specific liturgical formula; retain baseline 화평 for the doctrinal ‘peace with God’ concept elsewhere, while this greeting form may use 평강 by established convention.

Greeks Hellenes

Approved rendering: 헬라인
Transliteration: Hellain
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles (One Flock, One Shepherd)
Rejected alternatives: 이방인 (over-generalizing to the broad theological category)

NEW. John 12:20. Ἕλληνες (‘Greeks’) is a specific ethnic-linguistic group distinct from the general theological category ἔθνη/이방인 (baseline gentiles). Use 헬라인 for this specific referent; reserve 이방인 for the baseline’s general category elsewhere.

Low Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: 사도
Transliteration: sado
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: 무당, 도사

[Inherited from Romans package.] Established term. John 13:16 uses the underlying sending concept generically (‘a messenger is not greater than the one who sent him’); see new term apostle_sent_one below for that specific usage.

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: 감사
Transliteration: gamsa
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith

[Inherited from Romans package.] Standard term. Used at John 6:11, 23 (εὐχαριστέω).

Fellowship

Approved rendering: 교제
Transliteration: gyoje
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship

[Inherited from Romans package.] Established term; no significant risk.

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: 하나님의 나라
Transliteration: Hananim-ui nara
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

[Inherited from Romans package.] Korea has no live competing ‘divine kingdom’ state ideology. Entry into this kingdom is conditioned on new birth (John 3:3, 5).

Covenant

Approved rendering: 언약
Transliteration: eonyak
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: 계약

[Inherited from Romans package.] Korean already keeps 언약 cleanly distinct from 계약 (commercial contract).

Exhort

Approved rendering: 권면하다
Transliteration: gwonmyeonhada
Doctrine: Mutual Edification

[Inherited from Romans package.] Standard term. Low relevance in John’s own text but retained for cross-curriculum consistency.

Rabbi

Approved rendering: 랍비
Transliteration: rabbi
Doctrine: Historical-Social Context
Original: Ῥαββί
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 1:38, 3:2 (core passage). Established transliteration; low collision risk.

Pharisee

Approved rendering: 바리새인
Transliteration: barisaein
Doctrine: Historical-Social Context
Original: Φαρισαῖος
Category: Historical-Social

NEW. John 1:24, 3:1 (core passage). Established transliteration; no doctrinal collision.

Door Gate

Approved rendering: 문
Transliteration: mun
Doctrine: Christology
Original: θύρα
Category: Christology

NEW. John 10:7, 9. Low-collision general term; theological weight resides in the i_am_door entry.

Shepherd

Approved rendering: 목자
Transliteration: mokja
Doctrine: Christology
Original: ποιμήν
Category: Christology

NEW. John 10:2,11,14; 21:15-17. Established, positive pastoral image in Korean church culture.

Hired Hand

Approved rendering: 삯꾼
Transliteration: sakkkun
Doctrine: Christology
Original: μισθωτός
Category: Christology

NEW. John 10:12-13. Contrast figure to the Good Shepherd.

Vine Branch

Approved rendering: 포도나무, 가지
Transliteration: podonamu, gaji
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: ἄμπελος, κλῆμα
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 15:1-6. Low-risk agricultural imagery.

Fruit

Approved rendering: 열매
Transliteration: yeolmae
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: καρπός
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 15:2-8, 16. Low-risk agricultural metaphor.

Friends

Approved rendering: 친구
Transliteration: chingu
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: φίλοι
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 15:13-15. Relational intimacy grounded in Christ’s sacrificial love.

Dwelling Place

Approved rendering: 거할 곳
Transliteration: georhal got
Doctrine: Eschatology
Original: μονή
Category: Eschatology

NEW. John 14:2. A permanent, prepared abode in the Father’s house.

Bridegroom

Approved rendering: 신랑
Transliteration: sinnang
Doctrine: Christology
Original: νυμφίος
Category: Christology

NEW. John 3:29. Marital imagery applied to the Messiah by John the Baptist, expressing joyful subordination.

Follow Me

Approved rendering: 나를 따르라
Transliteration: nareul ttareura
Doctrine: Costly Discipleship and Servanthood
Original: ἀκολούθει μοι
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 21:19, 22. A renewed personal call to discipleship.

Joy Tribulation

Approved rendering: 기쁨, 환난
Transliteration: gippeum, hwannan
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: χαρά / θλῖψις
Category: Discipleship

NEW. John 16:20-22, 33. Contrast pair describing the disciples’ experience amid the world’s hostility.

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