Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis — Luke 1–24 (English → Korean)
Purpose
This document is the full doctrine matrix for the Luke curriculum, produced under PRD Phase 1 Step 4. It restates every doctrine recorded in assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json — same doctrine set, same risk tiers, same review routing — organized under the eight assigned curriculum themes, and cross-references every supporting passage against every chapter of Luke, first to last, per the full-book coverage mandate. No doctrine tier introduced here departs from the registry. Where a chapter’s content is not independently listed as a registry doctrine’s “primary passage,” it is explicitly reconciled below to the nearest applicable doctrine rather than silently omitted.
The core passage, Luke 4:16-21 (the Nazareth sermon), anchors the curriculum theologically but is not the boundary of analysis; it recurs below wherever its doctrinal content (Spirit-anointing, Jubilee, fulfillment of prophecy, good news to the poor) touches other chapters.
Section A — Full Doctrine Matrix, by Curriculum Theme
Theme 1: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor)
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incarnation and Virgin Conception | 성육신과 동정녀 잉태 | Critical | 1:26-35; 1:38; 2:1-20 | 처녀 must retain unambiguous biological specificity; 덮으시리니 (overshadow) must never echo shamanistic spirit-descent/possession (신내림). A unique, non-repeatable divine act — never 화신 (provisional avatar-manifestation). | Human theologian |
| Messianic Fulfillment of Prophecy | 메시아 예언의 성취 | High | 1:32-33; 2:29-32; 3:4-6; 4:17-21; 24:25-27; 24:44 | 응하였느니라 (has been fulfilled, 4:21) is one-time, historical, Christ-centered fulfillment — must not be assimilated to a fortune-teller’s or shaman’s prediction “coming true” (점/예언이 맞다). | Human theologian |
| Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People | 만민(유대인과 이방인, 부자와 가난한 자)을 위한 구주 예수 | Critical | 2:10-11; 2:30-32; 3:6; 4:18-19; 4:25-27; 19:9-10; 24:47 | 구주 must be a personal title distinct from folk-eschatological deliverer figures (미륵). Universal scope must resist Korea’s 단일민족 self-conception; poor/rich inclusivity must not collapse into a 기복신앙 promise of coming material fortune. | Human theologian |
| Unity of Jew and Gentile; Redefinition of Neighbor | 유대인과 이방인의 하나 됨과 이웃의 재정의 | High | 2:32; 4:25-27; 7:1-10; 10:25-37; 17:11-19 | The Good Samaritan’s redefinition of 이웃 directly parallels the baseline’s 이방인/단일민족 caution; must not quietly reintroduce an ethnic-insider boundary. | Human theologian |
Theme 2: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Holy Spirit’s Role in Christ’s Conception and the Infancy Narrative | 그리스도의 잉태와 유아기 내러티브에서의 성령의 역할 | Critical | 1:15; 1:35; 1:41; 1:67; 2:25-27 | The Spirit fills Elizabeth, Zechariah, and Simeon and empowers John from the womb — never framed with shamanistic spirit-channeling (신령/신 alone) or possession-trance vocabulary. | Human theologian |
| The Holy Spirit’s Empowerment of Christ’s Ministry | 그리스도의 사역을 위한 성령의 능력 부으심 | Critical | 3:22; 4:1; 4:14; 4:18; 10:21 | The Spirit’s anointing/empowering of Jesus must never be 영력 (a shaman’s spirit-power); 기름을 붓다 (anoint) tied explicitly to messianic office, not generic ritual blessing. | Human theologian |
| The Holy Spirit’s Promised Empowerment for the Church’s Mission | 교회의 사명을 위해 약속된 성령의 능력 | Critical | 11:13; 12:12; 24:49 | 위로부터 오는 능력 restates the baseline’s Critical 능력/성령 shamanistic-collision caution in a mission-empowerment context; power for gospel witness, never generalized this-worldly spirit-power. | Human theologian |
| The Resurrection Body Distinguished from a Ghost/Spirit | 부활하신 몸과 영/혼(귀신)의 구별 | High | 24:37; 24:39 | Luke’s own text has the risen Christ deny being a πνεῦμα (ghost/spirit apparition) — a built-in corrective directly relevant to Korean ancestor-spirit and ghost belief (귀신, 혼령) still culturally live through shamanistic and folk-memorial practice. | Human theologian |
| The Resurrection of Christ | 그리스도의 부활 | Critical | 24:1-12; 24:13-35; 24:36-49 | 부활 must never be 환생 (rebirth) or 윤회 (reincarnation cycle). Chapter 24’s extended bodily-appearance narrative and explicit ghost-denial make this the fullest resurrection treatment in the curriculum. | Human theologian |
Theme 3: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | 가난한 자와 소외된 자를 위한 복음 | High | 1:52-53; 4:18; 6:20; 7:22; 14:13; 14:21; 16:19-25 | 복음’s root 복 (fortune/blessing) sits inside the 기복신앙 semantic field; the gospel’s address to 가난한 자 must not be inverted into a promise of material riches, nor spiritualized away from Luke’s real socio-economic concern. | Human theologian |
| The Beatitudes and Eschatological Reversal of Status | 팔복과 종말론적 신분의 역전 | Critical | 1:48-53; 6:20-26; 14:11; 18:14 | 복이 있다 directly imports 복 (bok), the exact character targeted by the baseline’s 기복신앙 critique; “blessed are the poor” risks being heard as a promised material-fortune reversal rather than God’s eschatological favor. Standing watch-item across the whole curriculum. | Human theologian |
| The Jubilee Year of the Lord’s Favor | 주의 은혜의 해(희년) | Critical | 4:19 | Directly imports 은혜, the single most critical Korean collision term in the Language Package. Must never read as an auspicious “lucky year” (사주/토정비결 New Year fortune-telling tradition). Core-passage doctrine (Luke 4:16-21). | Human theologian |
| Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship | 부와 가난, 그리고 청지기 직분 | High | 12:13-34; 14:33; 16:1-31; 18:18-30; 19:1-10; 21:1-4 | Given Korean church culture’s documented susceptibility to 기복신앙-adjacent prosperity emphases, teaching must avoid both demonizing wealth and reading wealth as evidence of divine favor. | Human theologian |
Theme 4: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repentance | 회개 | High | 3:3; 3:8; 5:32; 13:3; 13:5; 15:7; 15:10; 24:47 | 회개 must be distinguished from Confucian self-cultivation/self-correction (개과천선), Buddhist ritual confession (참회), and mere emotional regret (후회). Luke 15 requires teaching that God’s seeking initiative precedes the sinner’s return. | Human theologian |
| Forgiveness of Sins | 죄 사함 | Critical | 1:77; 3:3; 5:20-24; 7:47-49; 11:4; 23:34; 24:47 | 죄 사함 must remain forensic/relational cancellation of guilt, never ritual purification from misfortune (부정을 씻음). Luke 18:13’s 불쌍히 여기소서 shares the ἱλάσκομαι root flagged for mandatory review under the baseline’s Romans 3:25 rule. | Human theologian |
| Atonement and the New Covenant | 속죄와 새 언약 | Critical | 22:14-20; 23:33-46 | 내 피로 세우는 새 언약 elevates the baseline’s Low-risk 언약 to Critical; must avoid both a magical/ritual-transaction reading (akin to shamanistic ritual offering) and an over-symbolic reading that empties the sacrament of covenantal seriousness. | Human theologian |
| Justification by Faith, Enacted Narratively | 이야기로 나타난 믿음으로 말미암은 의롭다 하심 | Critical | 7:36-50; 18:9-14 | The tax collector “went down to his house justified” (18:14) — narrative enactment of 의롭다 하심 as forensic and grace-received, not earned through law-keeping display or social-loyalty performance (의리). Cross-reference Luke 23:47’s legal-innocence sense of 의. | Human theologian |
Theme 5: Prayer and Dependence on God
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer and Dependence on God | 기도와 하나님께 대한 의존 | High | 3:21; 5:16; 6:12; 9:18; 9:28-29; 11:1-13; 12:22-30; 18:1-8; 18:9-14; 22:39-46 | 기도 is also the generic Korean word for petitionary ritual address to spirits, ancestors, or fortune in folk/shamanistic practice; Christian prayer is trusting address to a personal Father through Christ alone. 일용할 양식 (daily bread) is a prayer for sufficiency, not accumulated fortune, in tension with 기복신앙. | Human theologian |
Theme 6: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Kingdom of God Present and Future | 현재와 미래의 하나님 나라 | High | 4:43; 8:1; 8:10; 9:2; 9:11; 9:27; 9:60; 9:62; 10:9; 10:11; 11:20; 13:18-21; 17:20-21; 19:11; 21:31; 22:16; 22:18; 22:29-30 | Kingdom density across Luke elevates this from baseline’s Low to High for this curriculum. 오늘 (marking the Kingdom’s arrival) must be distinguished from the daily-horoscope “오늘의 운세” folk association. | Human theologian |
| The Kingdom “Within/Among You” | 너희 안에/가운데 있는 하나님 나라 | High | 17:20-21 | 너희 안에 있느니라 risks an individualistic-mystical misreading resembling Korean inner-cultivation frameworks (수행/도 닦기). The corporate, Christ-centered “already breaking in among you” sense must be primary. | Human theologian |
| Eschatological Redemption and the Second Coming | 종말론적 구속과 재림 | High | 12:35-48; 17:22-37; 21:5-36 | 속량 (redemption) must be tied to Christ’s ransom-paying atoning work, not to shamanistic grudge-resolution ritual (해원굿), which could otherwise seem a superficially similar “release from bondage” framework. | Human theologian |
| The Ascension and Mission to the Nations | 승천과 만민을 향한 사명 | Medium | 24:44-53 | Korea is a leading missionary-sending nation; emphasize gospel-motivated witness over a success-and-growth-oriented, numbers-driven missions culture. | Native speaker review |
Theme 7: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Cost of Discipleship | 제자도의 대가 | High | 5:11; 5:27-28; 9:23-26; 9:57-62; 14:25-33; 18:22; 18:28-30 | 제자 is also the standard term for a Buddhist monk’s or Confucian master’s student; must clarify allegiance to the risen, living Lord specifically. 자기를 부인하다 must not be confused with Buddhist no-self (무아) metaphysics. | Human theologian |
| The Joy of Discipleship | 제자도의 기쁨 | Medium | 10:17-20; 15:7; 15:10; 15:32; 19:6; 24:52 | 기쁨 must be rooted in salvation/identity, not ministry-success or power display — echoing the baseline’s caution on achievement-oriented church culture. | Native speaker review |
| Son of Man: Authority and Suffering | 인자의 권세와 고난 | High | 5:24; 6:5; 6:22; 9:22; 9:26; 9:44; 9:58; 19:10; 22:69 | 인자 is an established KRV Christological title combining Danielic apocalyptic authority with genuine humanity; must not flatten to a generic phrase meaning merely “a human being.” | Human theologian |
Theme 8: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
| Doctrine | Korean Name | Risk | Supporting Passages (Luke) | Translation Risk / Syncretism Notes | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God’s Compassion and Mercy Toward the Lowly | 낮은 자를 향한 하나님의 긍휼과 자비 | Medium | 1:50; 1:54; 1:58; 1:72; 1:78; 6:36; 7:13; 10:33; 15:20 | 긍휼/자비 must not collapse into Confucian reciprocal-obligation benevolence (은덕, forbidden under the baseline’s grace entry) — God’s mercy to the lowly is unearned and initiating. | Native speaker review |
| Jesus’ Table Fellowship with Sinners | 죄인들과의 식탁 교제 | High | 5:29-32; 7:36-50; 15:1-2; 19:1-10 | 죄인 must be distinguished from mere social loss-of-face (체면 손상); Jesus receives genuine moral culpability with compassion. 세리 requires first-century social-stigma background teaching. | Human theologian |
| Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority Over Them | 귀신의 권세와 그것들을 다스리시는 그리스도의 권위 | High | 4:2-13; 4:33-41; 8:26-39; 9:1; 9:42; 10:17-20; 11:14-22 | 귀신 is the exact term used for spirits a Korean mudang claims to channel, exorcise, or negotiate with in a gut ritual. Luke’s demons are defeated, personal, evil beings under Christ’s unique authority — never spirits to fear, placate, consult, or manipulate. | Human theologian |
Section B — Chapter-by-Chapter Coverage Confirmation (Luke 1–24)
Full-book coverage mandate: every chapter is reconciled below to the doctrine(s) it carries. No chapter is silently omitted, including chapters whose content is not independently listed among the registry’s “primary passages” strings.
| Chapter | Doctrines Present | Coverage Note |
|---|---|---|
| Luke 1 | Incarnation and Virgin Conception; Holy Spirit’s Role in Conception/Infancy; Messianic Fulfillment of Prophecy; God’s Compassion and Mercy (Magnificat/Benedictus, 1:50-54,1:72,1:78); Beatitudes/Eschatological Reversal (Magnificat’s rich/poor reversal, 1:52-53) | Reviewed — foundational chapter for three Critical doctrines. |
| Luke 2 | Incarnation; Savior for All Nations and All People (2:10-11, 2:30-32); Messianic Fulfillment (Simeon/Anna); Holy Spirit’s Role in Infancy (2:25-27) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 3 | Repentance; Forgiveness of Sins (implicit in John’s baptism, 3:3); Prayer (3:21); Holy Spirit’s Empowerment of Ministry (3:22); Messianic Fulfillment (genealogy, 3:23-38) | Reviewed — introduces Repentance and Prayer doctrines textually for the first time. |
| Luke 4 | Holy Spirit’s Empowerment of Ministry (4:1,4:14); Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority (4:2-13, 4:33-41); Jubilee Year of the Lord’s Favor (4:19); Good News to the Poor (4:18); Messianic Fulfillment (4:21); Kingdom of God Present and Future (4:43) | Core-passage chapter (4:16-21) — highest-density chapter in the curriculum; all listed doctrines require theologian review. |
| Luke 5 | Table Fellowship with Sinners (5:29-32); Cost of Discipleship (5:11, 5:27-28); Forgiveness of Sins (5:20-24); Son of Man: Authority and Suffering (5:24) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 6 | Beatitudes and Eschatological Reversal (6:20-26); Cost of Discipleship (6:13); God’s Compassion and Mercy (6:36); Son of Man (6:5, 6:22) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 7 | God’s Compassion and Mercy (7:13); Table Fellowship with Sinners (7:36-50); Messianic Fulfillment (7:22); Good News to the Poor (7:22) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 8 | Kingdom of God Present and Future (8:1, 8:10, Sower parable); Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority (8:26-39); Savior for All Nations / God’s Compassion (healing of the woman with the flow of blood, Jairus’ daughter, 8:40-56, read as enacted compassion and anticipatory of resurrection) | Reviewed — the two healing/raising narratives (8:40-56) are reconciled to God’s Compassion and Mercy and to the Resurrection of Christ doctrine as narrative foreshadowing; no independent new doctrine required. |
| Luke 9 | Son of Man: Authority and Suffering (9:22, 9:26, 9:44, 9:58); Cost of Discipleship (9:23-26, 9:57-62); Kingdom of God Present and Future (9:2, 9:11, 9:27); Prayer and Dependence on God (9:18, 9:28-29, Transfiguration) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 10 | Unity of Jew and Gentile / Redefinition of Neighbor (10:25-37, Good Samaritan); Joy of Discipleship (10:17-20); Holy Spirit (10:21, Jesus rejoices in the Spirit — reconciled to Holy Spirit’s Empowerment of Ministry); Kingdom of God (10:9, 10:11) | Reviewed — Mary/Martha episode (10:38-42) is reconciled to Cost/Joy of Discipleship (priority of receiving Christ’s word); no independent new doctrine required. |
| Luke 11 | Prayer and Dependence on God (11:1-13, Lord’s Prayer); Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority (11:14-22); Messianic Fulfillment (11:29-32, sign of Jonah); Holy Spirit’s Promised Empowerment for Mission (11:13) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 12 | Prayer and Dependence on God (12:22-30); Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship (12:13-34, Rich Fool); Eschatological Redemption and the Second Coming (12:35-48); Holy Spirit’s Promised Empowerment for Mission (12:12) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 13 | Repentance (13:3, 13:5); Kingdom of God Present and Future (13:18-21, mustard seed/leaven); Eschatological Redemption (13:22-30, narrow door); Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority (13:10-17, healing of the bent woman, “bound by Satan”) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 14 | Good News to the Poor and Marginalized (14:13, 14:21); Beatitudes and Eschatological Reversal (14:11); Cost of Discipleship (14:25-33) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 15 | Repentance (15:4, 15:7, 15:10, lost sheep/coin/son); Joy of Discipleship (15:7, 15:10, 15:32); God’s Compassion and Mercy (15:20) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 16 | Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship (16:1-31, unjust steward; Rich Man and Lazarus); Repentance (16:30-31) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 17 | Kingdom of God “Within/Among You” (17:20-21); Unity of Jew and Gentile / Neighbor (17:11-19, ten lepers, the Samaritan leper); Eschatological Redemption and the Second Coming (17:22-37) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 18 | Justification by Faith, Enacted Narratively (18:9-14); Prayer and Dependence on God (18:1-8); Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship (18:18-30); Son of Man: Authority and Suffering (18:31-34); Savior for All Nations and All People (18:35-43, blind beggar, “your faith has saved you”) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 19 | Savior for All Nations and All People / thesis verse (19:1-10, Zacchaeus, 19:10); Kingdom of God Present and Future (19:11-27, parable of the minas); Eschatological Redemption (19:41-44); Messianic Fulfillment (19:28-40, triumphal entry) | Reviewed — Luke 19:10 receives the same cross-document verbatim-consistency enforcement as the core passage, per glossary governance note 4. |
| Luke 20 | Messianic Fulfillment of Prophecy (20:41-44, Son of David question); Kingdom of God Present and Future (20:20-26, “render to Caesar” — kingdom vs. earthly authority); Resurrection of Christ, background doctrine (20:27-40, Sadducees’ question on the resurrection of the dead, “God of the living”) | Explicitly reviewed and reconciled: Luke 20 has no independently listed registry entry, but its content is fully covered by three existing doctrines above. No new doctrine or term is introduced; the Sadducees’ resurrection question is taught as background reinforcing, not separate from, the Resurrection of Christ doctrine developed fully in Luke 24. |
| Luke 21 | Eschatological Redemption and the Second Coming (21:5-36, including “your redemption draws near,” 21:28); Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship (21:1-4, widow’s mite) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 22 | Atonement and the New Covenant (22:14-20); Prayer and Dependence on God (22:39-46, Gethsemane); Son of Man: Authority and Suffering (22:22, 22:69); Repentance (22:31-34, 22:54-62, Peter’s denial, foreshadowing restoration) | Reviewed — no new doctrines beyond those above. |
| Luke 23 | Atonement and the New Covenant / Forgiveness of Sins (23:34, “Father, forgive them”; 23:33-46); Savior for All Nations and All People / Repentance (23:39-43, the thief on the cross; Kingdom of God present, “today you will be with me in paradise”); Justification by Faith (23:47, centurion’s confession, cross-referencing the legal-innocence sense of 의 flagged in the core glossary) | Reviewed — Luke 23:47 requires the same 의/의롭다 하심 distinguishing-note handling mandated by the baseline for justification contexts. |
| Luke 24 | Resurrection of Christ (24:1-12, 24:13-35, 24:36-49); The Resurrection Body Distinguished from a Ghost/Spirit (24:37, 24:39); Messianic Fulfillment of Prophecy (24:25-27, 24:44, Emmaus road); The Ascension and Mission to the Nations (24:44-53) | Reviewed — final chapter; carries four doctrines, three Critical or High. |
Section C — Consistency Attestation
- Every doctrine name, Korean doctrine name, risk tier, primary-passage list, and review-routing value in Section A is copied or directly summarized from
assets/doctrine_risk_registry.jsonwithout alteration of tier or routing. - No doctrine or risk tier appears in this document that is absent from the registry; no registry doctrine is omitted from this document.
- Section B confirms full-book coverage across all 24 chapters of Luke, with Luke 20 explicitly reconciled rather than silently omitted, per the full-book coverage mandate.
- Luke 4:16-21 (core passage) and Luke 19:10 (thesis-statement verse) are flagged in this matrix for the same verbatim cross-document consistency enforcement the baseline mandates for Romans 1:16-17, Romans 8:28, and Romans 10:9-10, to be carried into
12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Incarnation and Virgin Conception
Korean name: 성육신과 동정녀 잉태
Key terms: virgin, overshadow, son_of_god, incarnation
Review routing: Human theologian
처녀 (virgin) must retain unambiguous biological specificity, and 덮으시리니 (overshadow) must never echo shamanistic spirit-descent/possession (신내림, a mudang’s trance-possession event). The incarnation is a unique, non-repeatable divine act, never a provisional manifestation (화신, already forbidden in the baseline).
The Holy Spirit’s Role in Christ’s Conception and the Infancy Narrative
Korean name: 그리스도의 잉태와 유아기 내러티브에서의 성령의 역할
Key terms: holy_spirit, overshadow, power_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
The Spirit fills Elizabeth, Zechariah, and Simeon and empowers John from the womb — none of this may be framed with shamanistic spirit-channeling language (신령/신 alone, or possession-trance vocabulary), per the baseline’s Critical holy_spirit caution.
Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor)
Korean name: 만민(유대인과 이방인, 부자와 가난한 자)을 위한 구주 예수
Key terms: savior, gentiles, poor, rich, seek_and_save_the_lost
Review routing: Human theologian
구주 (Savior) must be taught as a personal title distinct from folk-eschatological deliverer figures (미륵, already flagged in the baseline). The universal ‘all people, all nations’ scope must resist Korea’s ethnic-nationalist 단일민족 (‘single ethnic nation’) self-conception, and the rich/poor inclusivity must resist collapsing into a 기복신앙 (fortune-seeking faith) framework where inclusion of the poor implies a promise of coming material fortune.
The Beatitudes and Eschatological Reversal of Status
Korean name: 팔복과 종말론적 신분의 역전
Key terms: blessed, humble_exalt, poor, rich
Review routing: Human theologian
복이 있다 (blessed) directly imports 복 (bok, fortune), the exact character targeted by the baseline’s central 기복신앙 critique; ‘blessed are the poor’ risks being heard as a promised material-fortune reversal rather than God’s eschatological favor now resting on the poor because the Kingdom is theirs. This is a NEW critical collision extending the baseline’s grace caution and requires mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
The Jubilee Year of the Lord’s Favor
Korean name: 주의 은혜의 해(희년)
Key terms: jubilee_year_of_the_lord, grace, release_liberty
Review routing: Human theologian
주의 은혜의 해 directly imports 은혜 (grace), the single most critical Korean collision term in the entire Language Package. Must never be read as an auspicious ‘lucky year’ (사주/토정비결 New Year fortune-telling traditions) but as the in-breaking of God’s unearned saving reign in Christ.
Forgiveness of Sins
Korean name: 죄 사함
Key terms: forgiveness_of_sins, father_forgive_them, propitiation_prayer
Review routing: Human theologian
죄 사함 must remain a forensic/relational cancellation of guilt, never ritual purification from misfortune (부정을 씻음, forbidden under the baseline’s holy entry). Luke 18:13’s 불쌍히 여기소서 shares the propitiation root (ἱλάσκομαι) flagged for mandatory review in the baseline’s Romans 3:25 rule and must be taught with equal rigor.
Atonement and the New Covenant
Korean name: 속죄와 새 언약
Key terms: new_covenant_in_blood, body_and_blood, covenant
Review routing: Human theologian
내 피로 세우는 새 언약 elevates the baseline’s Low-risk 언약 term to Critical because it directly names Christ’s atoning blood; must avoid both a magical/ritual-transaction reading akin to shamanistic ritual offering and an over-symbolic reading that empties the sacrament of covenantal seriousness.
The Holy Spirit’s Empowerment of Christ’s Ministry
Korean name: 그리스도의 사역을 위한 성령의 능력 부으심
Key terms: holy_spirit, power_of_god, anoint
Review routing: Human theologian
The Spirit’s anointing and empowering of Jesus for ministry must never be framed as 영력 (a shaman’s spirit-power), per the baseline’s Critical power_of_god caution; 기름을 붓다 (anoint) must be tied explicitly to messianic office, not a generic ritual blessing.
The Holy Spirit’s Promised Empowerment for the Church’s Mission
Korean name: 교회의 사명을 위해 약속된 성령의 능력
Key terms: holy_spirit, power_from_on_high, witnesses
Review routing: Human theologian
위로부터 오는 능력 (power from on high) directly restates the baseline’s Critical 능력/성령 shamanistic-collision caution in a mission-empowerment context; must be taught as power for gospel witness, never generalized this-worldly spirit-power.
Justification by Faith, Enacted Narratively
Korean name: 이야기로 나타난 믿음으로 말미암은 의롭다 하심
Key terms: justification, righteousness, propitiation_prayer, sinner
Review routing: Human theologian
The tax collector, not the self-exalting Pharisee, ‘went down to his house justified’ (18:14) — direct narrative enactment of the baseline’s Critical 의롭다 하심 doctrine as forensic and grace-received, not earned through law-keeping display or social-loyalty performance (의리).
The Resurrection of Christ
Korean name: 그리스도의 부활
Key terms: resurrection, spirit_ghost
Review routing: Human theologian
부활 must never be rendered with 환생 (rebirth) or 윤회 (reincarnation cycle). Chapter 24’s extended bodily-appearance narrative and explicit ghost-denial (24:37-39) make this the fullest resurrection treatment in the curriculum and must retain strict distinction from Buddhist rebirth concepts and Korean ghost/ancestor-spirit folk belief.
High Risk Doctrines
Messianic Fulfillment of Prophecy
Korean name: 메시아 예언의 성취
Key terms: fulfilled, prophet, messiah, seed_of_david
Review routing: Human theologian
The Nazareth sermon’s 응하였느니라 (has been fulfilled, 4:21) is one-time, historical, Christ-centered covenant fulfillment — must not be assimilated to a fortune-teller’s or shaman’s prediction ‘coming true’ (점/예언이 맞다), a live folk-practice association in Korean culture.
Unity of Jew and Gentile; the Redefinition of Neighbor
Korean name: 유대인과 이방인의 하나 됨과 이웃의 재정의
Key terms: gentiles, neighbor, samaritan
Review routing: Human theologian
The Good Samaritan parable’s redefinition of 이웃 (neighbor) to include the ethnic/religious outsider directly parallels the baseline’s caution on 이방인 and Korea’s 단일민족 self-conception; teaching must not quietly reintroduce an ethnic-insider boundary.
Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Korean name: 가난한 자와 소외된 자를 위한 복음
Key terms: poor, gospel, captives, release_liberty, oppressed, crippled_lame, widow, shepherd
Review routing: Human theologian
복음’s root character 복 (fortune/blessing) sits inside the same semantic field as 기복신앙 (fortune-seeking faith); teaching the gospel’s address to 가난한 자 (the poor) must not be inverted into a promise that the poor will become materially rich, nor spiritualized away from Luke’s real socio-economic concern.
Jesus’ Table Fellowship with Sinners
Korean name: 죄인들과의 식탁 교제
Key terms: sinner, tax_collector, physician, banquet
Review routing: Human theologian
죄인 (sinner) must be distinguished from mere social loss-of-face (체면 손상, flagged under the baseline’s sin entry); Jesus receives genuine moral culpability with compassion. 세리 (tax collector) requires first-century social-stigma background since modern Korean tax officials carry no equivalent stigma.
Repentance
Korean name: 회개
Key terms: repentance, fruit_of_repentance, baptism, the_lost
Review routing: Human theologian
회개 must be distinguished from Confucian moral self-cultivation/self-correction (개과천선), Buddhist ritual confession (참회), and mere emotional regret (후회) without God-ward reorientation. Luke 15 further requires teaching that God’s seeking initiative (잃은 자를 찾음) precedes and enables the sinner’s return, guarding against a merit-framework misreading.
The Resurrection Body Distinguished from a Ghost/Spirit
Korean name: 부활하신 몸과 영/혼(귀신)의 구별
Key terms: spirit_ghost, resurrection
Review routing: Human theologian
Luke’s own text has the risen Christ explicitly deny being a πνεῦμα (ghost/spirit apparition); this is a valuable built-in corrective directly relevant to Korean ancestor-spirit and ghost belief (귀신, 혼령) still culturally live through shamanistic practice and folk memorial custom, and should be taught as Scripture’s own rejection of a ghost-category explanation.
Prayer and Dependence on God
Korean name: 기도와 하나님께 대한 의존
Key terms: prayer, daily_bread, temptation_trial, anxiety, father
Review routing: Human theologian
기도 is also the generic Korean word for petitionary ritual address to spirits, ancestors, or fortune in folk/shamanistic practice; Christian prayer must be taught as trusting address to a personal Father through Christ alone, never a ritual technique for securing fortune. 일용할 양식 (daily bread) is a prayer for sufficiency, not accumulated fortune, in tension with 기복신앙.
The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Korean name: 현재와 미래의 하나님 나라
Key terms: kingdom_of_god, today, word_of_god, fulfilled
Review routing: Human theologian
The Kingdom’s density across Luke elevates this from the baseline’s Low risk to High for this curriculum. 오늘 (today, marking the Kingdom’s arrival) must be distinguished from the daily-horoscope ‘today’ association (오늘의 운세) still popular in Korean media.
The Kingdom ‘Within/Among You’
Korean name: 너희 안에/가운데 있는 하나님 나라
Key terms: kingdom_within_among, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
너희 안에 있느니라 (within you) risks an individualistic-mystical misreading resembling Korean inner-cultivation frameworks (수행/도 닦기, forbidden under the baseline’s sanctification entry). The corporate, Christ-centered ‘already breaking in among you’ sense must be presented as primary.
The Cost of Discipleship
Korean name: 제자도의 대가
Key terms: disciple, deny_himself, cross_daily, follow
Review routing: Human theologian
제자 (disciple) is also the standard term for a Buddhist monk’s or Confucian master’s student; must clarify Christian discipleship is allegiance to the risen, living Lord specifically. 자기를 부인하다 (deny himself) must not be confused with Buddhist no-self (무아) metaphysics — biblical self-denial presupposes a real self submitted to Christ’s lordship.
Son of Man: Authority and Suffering
Korean name: 인자의 권세와 고난
Key terms: son_of_man
Review routing: Human theologian
인자 is an established KRV Christological title combining Danielic apocalyptic authority with genuine humanity; must not be flattened to a generic phrase meaning merely ‘a human being,’ which would lose the title’s dual force load-bearing for nearly every doctrine in the curriculum.
Demonic Powers and Christ’s Authority Over Them
Korean name: 귀신의 권세와 그것들을 다스리시는 그리스도의 권위
Key terms: demon, devil
Review routing: Human theologian
귀신 is the exact term used for spirits a Korean mudang (shaman) claims to channel, exorcise, or negotiate with in a gut ritual. Teaching must be explicit that Luke’s demons are defeated, personal, evil beings under Christ’s unique authority, never spirits to be feared, placated, consulted, or manipulated through ritual.
Wealth, Poverty, and Stewardship
Korean name: 부와 가난, 그리고 청지기 직분
Key terms: rich, poor, widow
Review routing: Human theologian
Given Korean church culture’s documented susceptibility to 기복신앙-adjacent prosperity emphases, teaching on the Rich Fool, the Rich Man and Lazarus, and the Widow’s offering must avoid both demonizing wealth outright and allowing wealth to be read as evidence of divine favor.
Eschatological Redemption and the Second Coming
Korean name: 종말론적 구속과 재림
Key terms: redemption, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
속량 (redemption) must be tied to Christ’s ransom-paying atoning work, not to shamanistic ritual deliverance-from-grudge practices (해원굿), which could otherwise seem a superficially similar ‘release from bondage’ framework applied to the final consummation.
Medium Risk Doctrines
God’s Compassion and Mercy Toward the Lowly
Korean name: 낮은 자를 향한 하나님의 긍휼과 자비
Key terms: mercy, compassion
Review routing: Native speaker review
긍휼/자비 must not collapse into a Confucian reciprocal-obligation benevolence framework (은덕, already forbidden under the baseline’s grace entry) — God’s mercy to the lowly is unearned and initiating, not a patron’s favor owed reciprocal loyalty.
The Joy of Discipleship
Korean name: 제자도의 기쁨
Key terms: joy
Review routing: Native speaker review
기쁨 must be rooted in salvation/identity, not ministry-success or power display — echoing the baseline’s caution on Korea’s achievement-oriented church and missions culture.
The Ascension and Mission to the Nations
Korean name: 승천과 만민을 향한 사명
Key terms: witnesses, power_from_on_high, gentiles
Review routing: Native speaker review
Korea is a leading missionary-sending nation; per the baseline’s mission caution, teaching should emphasize gospel-motivated witness over a success-and-growth-oriented, numbers-driven missions culture some Korean church leaders have themselves flagged.
Referenced passages