Core Glossary
08 — Core Glossary: 1 Chronicles
Curriculum: 1 Chronicles
Destination language: German
Source of authority: Baseline Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json (reused exactly where applicable); new entries proposed below for terms not previously covered, following the same schema and risk-tier conventions.
Generated: Phase 1, Step 1
How to Read This Glossary
- Baseline Status = REUSED → term and rendering are copied verbatim from the baseline Romans Language Package; no deviation permitted.
- Baseline Status = NEW → term is newly proposed for the 1 Chronicles curriculum, following the baseline’s risk-tier definitions (Critical / High / Medium / Low) and review-routing conventions.
- Original-language column gives Biblical Hebrew (this book has no Greek original); Septuagint (LXX) Greek is noted only where it materially affects reception/terminology continuity with the NT-anchored baseline.
Doctrine Group 1: Genealogy and the Continuity of God’s People
| Term | Original (Translit.) | German Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Primary Passages | Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genealogy / generations | תּוֹלְדוֹת (toledot) | Geschlechterregister / Stammbaum | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 1–9 | Frames the whole book’s opening as a theological claim of unbroken covenant continuity from creation to the post-exilic community; risk is pastoral (reader tedium), not lexical. |
| nations / peoples | עַמִּים / גּוֹיִם (ammim / goyim) | Völker | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 1 | Use Völker in genealogical/pre-covenant-distinction contexts; reserve baseline Heiden for explicit Jew/Gentile covenant-contrast contexts per the baseline’s gentiles entry. |
| tribe | מַטֶּה / שֵׁבֶט (matteh / shevet) | Stamm | Low | NEW | throughout chs. 1–9, 27 | Stable; standard German Bible vocabulary. |
| unfaithfulness / treachery | מַעַל (ma’al) | Untreue / Treulosigkeit | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 5:25–26; 10:13 | Negative counterpart to “God’s Faithfulness across Generations”; must retain specifically covenant-betrayal force, not generic disobedience. |
| exile / captivity | גָּלוּת (galut) | Exil / Verbannung | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 5:26; 9:1 | Concrete historical consequence of ma’al; bridges pre- and post-exilic genealogical material. |
| returnees / resettlement | הַיּוֹשְׁבִים הָרִאשֹׁנִים (ha-yoshevim ha-rishonim) | Rückkehrer / Heimkehrer | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 9:2 | Structural bridge asserting the post-exilic audience’s continuity with pre-exilic “Israel.” |
| inheritance / portion | נַחֲלָה (nachalah) | Erbe / Erbteil | Medium | NEW | genealogical land-allotment references | Background continuity term with the tribal covenant land-promises; distinct from, but conceptually antecedent to, later NT inheritance imagery. |
| seed of Abraham / Israel | זֶרַע אַבְרָהָם / יִשְׂרָאֵל (zera Avraham / Yisrael) | Same | High | REUSED (seed_of_abraham) | 1 Chr 16:13 | Reuse baseline collective-singular rendering and exposition caution exactly. |
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra’el) | Israel | Medium | REUSED | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly, including its contemporary political-sensitivity caution. |
| David | דָּוִד (David) | David | Low | REUSED | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly. |
Doctrine Group 2: The Davidic Covenant Reaffirmed (Core Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:1–15)
| Term | Original (Translit.) | German Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Primary Passages | Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| house (polysemous: palace/temple/dynasty) | בַּיִת (bayit) | Haus | Critical | NEW | 1 Chr 17:1,4,5,10,12,14; 22:10 | The chapter’s central wordplay term; each occurrence must be disambiguated by context (palace / temple / dynasty) rather than rendered uniformly; requires explicit teaching-material exposition, not lexical substitution. |
| ark of the covenant | אֲרוֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה (aron berit-YHWH) | Bundeslade | Medium | NEW (reuses baseline covenant=Bund as compound) | 1 Chr 13, 15, 16, 17:1 | Established Lutherbibel term; distinguish from Arche Noah (Noah’s ark). |
| covenant | בְּרִית (berit) | Bund | High | REUSED | 1 Chr 16:15–18; 17 (implicit throughout) | Reuse baseline exactly, including Reformation/Catholic-sensitivity notes. |
| My servant | עַבְדִּי (avdi) | Knecht | High | NEW | 1 Chr 17:4, 7 | Royal-covenantal title of honor; render Knecht, not neutral Diener; distinct from NT servanthood-of-all-believers teaching. |
| ruler (nagid, not melek) | נָגִיד (nagid) | Fürst | High | NEW | 1 Chr 17:7 | Deliberately distinct from melek (“König”); preserve the distinction Chronicles draws between divine appointment and self-styled kingship. |
| a name | שֵׂם (shem) | Name | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 17:8; 22:10 | ”Name theology” thread; keep consistent across occurrences (culminates in “house for my Name,” 22:10). |
| seed of David | זֶרַע (zera, of David) | Nachkomme Davids | Critical | REUSED (seed_of_david) | 1 Chr 17:11 | Reuse baseline exactly; immediate referent here is Solomon — teach both immediate and ultimate (messianic) senses, distinguished. |
| his kingdom (Davidic dynasty, NOT Reich Gottes) | מַלְכוּתוֹ (malkhuto) | (sein) Königreich / Königsherrschaft | Critical | NEW — explicitly distinguished from REUSED kingdom_of_god=Reich Gottes | 1 Chr 17:11,14; 28:5; 29:11 | Never render as “Reich Gottes.” Teaching material may note the eventual theological convergence (17:14; 29:11) without merging vocabulary. |
| throne | כִּסֵּא (kisse) | Thron | High | NEW | 1 Chr 17:12,14 | Direct messianic-eschatological freight (cf. Luke 1:32–33); flag for theologian review whenever taught with NT fulfillment texts. |
| forever / eternal | עַד־עוֹלָם (ad-olam) | ewig / für immer | Critical | NEW | 1 Chr 17:12,14 | Never soften to “for a long time”; full eschatological force required. |
| father / son (covenantal, adoptive — NOT eternal divine sonship) | לְאָב…לְבֵן (le’av…leven) | Vater / Sohn (never “Sohn Gottes”) | Critical | Father: REUSED (father=Vater); Son: explicit NON-use of REUSED (son_of_god) | 1 Chr 17:13 | Mandatory disambiguation: Solomon’s sonship is adoptive-covenantal and revocable in principle; “Sohn Gottes” is reserved exclusively for Christ’s eternal, unique, co-equal divine Sonship per the baseline. |
| mercy / steadfast love (chesed) | חֶסֶד (chesed) | Gnade / Güte / Treue | Critical (collision risk) | NEW — flagged against REUSED grace=Gnade | 1 Chr 17:13 | Covenant loyalty within an established relationship, not the unilateral, merit-free NT charis. Prefer Güte/Treue in this OT context to reduce collision with the Reformation-freighted “Gnade”; if “Gnade” is used, an explicit disambiguating note is mandatory. |
| establish (guarantee-verb) | הֵכִין / הֵקִים (hekhin / heqim) | feststehen lassen / bestätigen / errichten | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 17:11,12,14 | Keep consistent across its three occurrences to preserve rhetorical repetition/guarantee-emphasis. |
| word of God | דְּבַר־אֱלֹהִים (devar-Elohim) | das Wort Gottes | High | NEW (conceptually parallels REUSED inspiration_of_scripture doctrine) | 1 Chr 17:3 | Formal prophetic-revelation formula; distinguish from Nathan’s own uncorrected opinion in 17:2. |
| vision | חִזָּיוֹן (chizzayon) | Gesicht / Vision | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 17:15 | Register choice, not doctrinal; pairs with “word” as the two principal OT revelation categories. |
| Lord / LORD (YHWH) | יְהוָה (YHWH) | Herr / HERR | Critical | REUSED (lord) | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly, including its “everyday Herr/Mr. flattening” caution. |
| God | אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) | Gott | Critical | REUSED (god) | throughout | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| anointed (of kings, NOT “Messias”) | מָשִׁיחַ (of David/Solomon) (mashiach) | Gesalbter | High | NEW — explicitly distinguished from REUSED messiah=Messias | 1 Chr 11:3; 29:22 | Historical-typological root of the later title; never render OT royal anointing itself as “Messias.” |
| prophet | נָבִיא (navi) | Prophet | Low | REUSED | 1 Chr 17:1 (Nathan) and throughout | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| seer (synonym for prophet) | חֹזֶה / רֹאֶה (chozeh / ro’eh) | Seher | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 21:9; 25:5; 29:29 | Note synonym relationship with navi/Prophet. |
Doctrine Group 3: Worship and the Levitical Order
| Term | Original (Translit.) | German Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Primary Passages | Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Levite | לֵוִי (Levi/Leviyyim) | Levit(en) | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 6, 9, 15–16, 23–26 | Stable, established German Bible vocabulary. |
| priest | כֹּהֵן (kohen) | Priester | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 6, 24 | Distinguish OT hereditary/sacrificial office from contemporary clerical usage of “Priester” in teaching material. |
| tent / tabernacle | אֹהֶל / מִשְׁכָּן (ohel / mishkan) | Zelt / Stiftshütte | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 17:5; 6:32 | Use Zelt for ordinary tent, Stiftshütte for the technical wilderness Tabernacle; do not collapse both to generic “Zelt.” |
| assembly / congregation | קָהָל (qahal) | Versammlung | High | NEW — deliberately distinguished from REUSED church=Gemeinde | 1 Chr 13:2; 28:1; 29:1,10,20 | OT gathered-body sense; reserve Gemeinde for the NT body-of-Christ doctrine already fixed in the baseline. Typological continuity may be noted but vocabulary kept distinct. |
| holy / set apart | קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) | heilig | High | REUSED (holy) | 1 Chr 13, 15, 23 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| according to the ordinance / rightly | כַּמִּשְׁפָּט (ka-mishpat) | nach der Ordnung / wie es sich gebührt | High | NEW | 1 Chr 15:13 | Central to the doctrine: right worship requires God’s prescribed order, not human preference; David’s own explicit self-correction from ch. 13’s failure. |
| singers / musical instruments | מְשֹׁרְרִים / כְּלֵי־שִׁיר (meshor’rim / kelei-shir) | Sänger / Musikinstrumente | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 15, 25 | Standard vocabulary; low lexical risk, doctrinal significance is structural. |
| to prophesy (with instruments) | לְנַבֵּא (lenabbe) | (mit Musikinstrumenten) weissagen | High | NEW (reuses REUSED prophecy root=Weissagung) | 1 Chr 25:1,3 | Must not be presented as ecstatic/occult prophecy nor flattened to “make music”; a distinctive theological claim about ordained worship music’s dignity. |
| lot (for casting) | גּוֹרָל (goral) | Los | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 24:5,31; 25:8; 26:13–14 | Frame as discerning divinely-ordained order, not secular “luck”/gambling — a real false-friend risk in contemporary German. |
| gatekeepers / doorkeepers | שׁוֹעֲרִים (sho’arim) | Torhüter | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 9, 15, 16, 26 | Stable across its several occurrences. |
| divisions / courses | מַחְלְקוֹת (machlekot) | Abteilungen / Dienstordnungen | Low-Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 23–27 | Administrative structuring of ordained worship service. |
| duty / service / worship-labor | עֲבוֹדָה (avodah) | Dienst | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 23:24,28,32 | Hebrew deliberately blurs “labor” and “worship-service”; German “Dienst” is a reasonably apt match — surface this blurring in teaching material. |
| dedicated / consecrated (things) | הִקְדִּישׁ (hiqdish) | weihen / geheiligt | Medium | NEW (reuses REUSED holy root) | 1 Chr 18:11; 26:26–27 | Setting apart war spoils/gifts exclusively for God’s use; ties to Temple-preparation material. |
| treasuries / treasurers | אֹצָרוֹת (otsarot) | Schatzkammer(n) / Schatzmeister | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 9:26; 26:20–28 | Fiscal stewardship of consecrated resources. |
| sacrifice / burnt offering | זֶבַח / עוֹלָה (zebach / olah) | Opfer / Brandopfer | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 16:1; 21:26; 29:21 | Must not devolve into generic “Aufopferung”; retain cultic/atoning specificity without collapsing OT/NT typological distinction. |
| altar | מִזְבֵּח (mizbeach) | Altar | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 21:18,26; 22:1 | Standard vocabulary. |
| Holy Spirit / the Spirit (episodic empowering) | רוּחַ (ruach) | Heiliger Geist | High | REUSED (holy_spirit), with added OT-specific caution | 1 Chr 12:18; 28:12 | Reuse baseline rendering; flag explicitly that OT “Spirit came upon” formulas describe episodic task-empowerment, distinct from the NT doctrine of permanent Spirit-indwelling — do not flatten this distinction in teaching material. |
Doctrine Group 4: Preparation for the Temple
| Term | Original (Translit.) | German Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Primary Passages | Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a house for my Name | בַּיִת לִשְׁמִי (bayit lishmi) | ein Haus für meinen Namen | Critical | NEW (reuses bayit Critical entry + Name-theology note) | 1 Chr 22:10 | Direct fulfillment-citation of 17:11–12’s promise; central verse grounding “Preparation for the Temple” theologically, not merely logistically. |
| rest (God-given peace, precondition for building) | מְנוּחָה (menuchah) | Ruhe | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 22:9; 17:9–10 (context) | Concrete geopolitical-peace sense; conceptually adjacent to but distinct from baseline peace/peace_with_god (Friede). |
| gold, silver, cedar (building materials) | זָהָב / כֶּסֶף / אֶרֶז (zahav / kesef / erez) | Gold / Silber / Zeder | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 22:2–5,14–16; 29:2–5 | Standard vocabulary; theological weight is in the narrative of sacrificial, generational giving, not the lexemes themselves. |
| freewill offering | נְדָבָה (nedavah) | freiwillige Gabe | Medium | NEW (conceptually parallels REUSED good_works/gift_of_god discipline) | 1 Chr 29:5–9,14,17 | Joyful response to prior covenant faithfulness, never presented as earning or securing it — fruit, not ground, of covenant standing. |
| whole heart / willing mind | לֵבָב שָׁלֵם / נֶפֶשׁ חֲפֵצָה (levav shalem / nefesh chafetsah) | ungeteiltes Herz / williger Sinn | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 28:9; 29:9,17 | Internal-disposition standard for the whole preparation project; external performance without this disposition fails the passage’s own criterion. |
| plan / pattern (divinely revealed blueprint) | תַּבְנִית (tavnit) | Bauplan / Vorbild | High | NEW (parallels REUSED inspiration_of_scripture doctrine) | 1 Chr 28:11–12,19 | Claims direct revelatory origin for the Temple’s design (“by the Spirit,” 28:12), paralleling Exodus 25:9; flag for theologian review. |
| threshing floor (future Temple site) | גֹּרֶן (goren) | Tenne | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 21:15,18,28; 22:1 | Geographic/theological hinge connecting the plague narrative, divine mercy, and the coming sanctuary’s location. |
| census / numbering | מִסְפָּר / לִמְנוֹת (mispar / limnot) | Zählung / Volkszählung | Medium-High | NEW | 1 Chr 21:1–8 | Frame carefully: census-taking itself is not inherently sinful (cf. Numbers 1); this specific act’s culpable motive is the issue. |
| Satan / adversary | שָׂטָן (satan) | Satan | High | NEW | 1 Chr 21:1 | Genuine unresolved theological tension with 2 Sam 24:1’s divine-incitement account; flag for theologian review, present without forced harmonization. |
| angel of the LORD | מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה (malakh YHWH) | Engel des HERRN | High | NEW | 1 Chr 21:12–30 | Specific theophanic agent of judgment/mercy; not generic folk-piety guardian-angel imagery. |
Doctrine Group 5: God’s Faithfulness Across Generations
| Term | Original (Translit.) | German Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Primary Passages | Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chosen / election | בָּחַר (bachar) | Erwählung / erwählen | High | REUSED (election) | 1 Chr 28:4–6,10; 29:1 | Reuse baseline exactly, including its Lutheran/Reformed-neutrality caution; here explicitly of Judah, David’s house, and Solomon. |
| the kingdom / the LORD’s own reign (doxological) | הַמַּמְלָכָה (ha-mamlakhah) | das Königtum / die Herrschaft | Critical | NEW — explicitly distinguished from REUSED kingdom_of_god=Reich Gottes | 1 Chr 29:11 | Do not render as “Reich Gottes”; note the real theological convergence with that doctrine without merging the fixed NT phrase into this OT doxology. |
| Blessed be the LORD (doxological, not Beatitude) | בָּרוּךְ יְהוָה (Barukh YHWH) | Gepriesen sei der HERR / Gelobt sei der HERR | Medium | NEW — explicit non-use of REUSED blessed=selig | 1 Chr 16:36; 29:10,20 | Never render with selig, reserved exclusively for the Matthean Beatitudes’ makarios; German correctly distinguishes doxological praise from beatitude-blessedness and must continue to. |
| bless / blessing (impartation of favor) | בָּרַךְ / בְּרָכָה (barakh / berakhah) | segnen / Segen | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 4:10; 17:27 | Distinguish from the doxological “blessed be” sense above; also distinct from selig. |
| all things come from you (providence) | הַכֹּל מִיָּדְךָ (ha-kol mi-yadkha) | alles kommt von dir / aus deiner Hand | Medium | NEW (conceptually parallels REUSED providence=Vorsehung, power_of_god=Kraft Gottes) | 1 Chr 29:11–14,16 | Grounds all human giving as returning what already belongs to God; undercuts works-righteousness misreading of ch. 29’s offerings. |
| glory (God’s manifest honor, declared among the nations) | כָּבוֹד (kavod) | Herrlichkeit | Medium | REUSED (glory) | 1 Chr 16:24,28 | Reuse baseline exactly. |
| covenant, forever | בְּרִית…לְעוֹלָם (berit…le’olam) | Bund…ewig/für immer | High | REUSED (covenant) + NEW eternality-phrase | 1 Chr 16:15–18; 17:12,14 | Reuse baseline Bund exactly; the “forever” (ad-olam) qualifier links the Abrahamic covenant (ch. 16) and Davidic covenant (ch. 17) as one continuous unbreakable promise-thread — flag as a deliberate literary/theological bridge. |
| unfaithfulness (of Saul, of the tribes) | מַעַל (ma’al) | Untreue / Treulosigkeit | Medium | NEW | 1 Chr 5:25; 10:13 | Negative counterpoint against which God’s own faithfulness (contrasted explicitly at 17:13) is measured. |
| full of days, riches, and honor (patriarchal death formula) | שָׂבֵעַ יָמִים וְעֹשֶׁר וְכָבוֹד (save’a yamim…) | reich an Tagen, Reichtum und Ehre | Low | NEW | 1 Chr 29:28 | Formulaic language echoing Abraham/Isaac/Job; closes the book’s covenant-fulfillment arc. |
| sons of David / royal line surviving the exile | בְּנֵי דָוִיד (bene David) | die Söhne Davids / die davidische Linie | High | NEW (reuses REUSED seed_of_david conceptually) | 1 Chr 3 | The book’s own narrative proof that the ch. 17 “forever” promise survived the exile intact. |
Cross-Cutting Terms Reused Exactly from the Baseline (No Deviation Permitted)
| Term | German Rendering | Risk (per baseline) |
|---|---|---|
| God | Gott | Critical |
| Lord (YHWH) | Herr | Critical |
| Israel | Israel | Medium |
| David | David | Low |
| covenant | Bund | High |
| election | Erwählung | High |
| holy | heilig | High |
| Holy Spirit | Heiliger Geist | Critical |
| prophet | Prophet | Low |
| prophecy | Weissagung | Low |
| messiah | Messias | Critical |
| seed of David | Nachkomme Davids | Critical |
| seed of Abraham | Same | High |
| kingdom of God | Reich Gottes | Medium |
| father | Vater | High |
| son of God | Sohn Gottes | Critical |
| glory | Herrlichkeit | High |
| grace | Gnade | High |
| church | Gemeinde | High |
| thanksgiving | Danksagung | Low |
| peace | Friede | Medium |
| repentance | Buße | High |
| gentiles | Heiden | Medium |
| blessed (Beatitudes sense only) | selig | Critical |
| providence | Vorsehung | High |
| power of God | Kraft Gottes | High |
Summary of Newly Proposed Terms Requiring Theologian (Human) Review
Per the baseline’s risk-tier review-routing convention, the following NEW 1 Chronicles terms are assigned Critical or High risk and therefore require mandatory human theologian review before Phase 2 translation:
Critical: house/bayit (polysemy); his kingdom (vs. Reich Gottes); forever/ad-olam; father/son (covenantal, vs. Sohn Gottes); mercy/chesed (vs. Gnade); a house for my Name; the kingdom/ha-mamlakhah (vs. Reich Gottes).
High: My servant/avdi; ruler/nagid; word of God/devar-Elohim; throne; anointed (vs. Messias); assembly/qahal (vs. Gemeinde); according to the ordinance; to prophesy with instruments; plan/pattern/tavnit; Satan/adversary; angel of the LORD; sons of David/royal line; Holy Spirit (OT episodic-empowerment caution).
All remaining Medium and Low risk terms follow the baseline’s native-speaker and automated review routing respectively.
Critical Risk Terms
Lord
Approved rendering: Herr
Transliteration: Herr
Doctrine: Lordship of God
Rejected alternatives: Meister, Chef
Original: יְהוָה / יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged (renders YHWH and the intensified ‘HERR der Heerscharen’ / YHWH Tseva’ot, 17:7). The baseline’s ‘Herr’/‘Mr.’ flattening caution applies with UNUSUAL added force in 1 Chronicles 17, since the entire Nathan oracle is God’s own first-person direct speech — a rare concentration of divine first-person discourse in this curriculum.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Sohn Gottes
Transliteration: Sohn Gottes
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ (NT boundary term)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ (NT term; not present in 1 Chronicles’ own Hebrew text)
Category: Christology (OT Typology)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Included here specifically as a BOUNDARY MARKER: this rendering must NEVER be applied within 1 Chronicles 17:13’s father-son covenant language concerning Solomon (see ‘covenantal_father_son’ below). This is the single most important cross-curriculum disambiguation in this book.
Blessed
Approved rendering: selig
Transliteration: selig
Doctrine: Beatitudes (NT boundary term)
Original: μακάριος (NT term, cited here for boundary documentation)
Category: God’s Faithfulness
Inherited from Romans package (via the Matthew extension), unchanged. Included here specifically as a BOUNDARY MARKER: MUST NEVER be used for 1 Chronicles’ doxological ‘Blessed be the LORD’ formula (see ‘blessed_be_the_lord’ below) or for the impartation-of-favor sense of barakh (see ‘bless_blessing’ below) — three distinct biblical categories that German already correctly distinguishes and must continue to.
House Bayit
Approved rendering: Haus
Transliteration: Haus
Doctrine: The Davidic Covenant Reaffirmed / God’s House versus David’s House
Original: בַּיִת
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew bayit. THE central wordplay term of ch. 17: David’s completed palace (17:1), the Temple he proposes to build (17:4-5), the dynasty God promises to build him instead (17:10,12,14), and finally God’s OWN house/kingdom (17:14). Render ‘Haus’ uniformly for lexical consistency, but MANDATE an explicit teaching-material gloss at each occurrence (Palast/Tempel/Dynastie/Gottes eigenes Haus) — German ‘Haus’ does not automatically carry the dynasty sense the way bayit does; the chapter’s central rhetorical reversal collapses into apparent flat repetition without this exposition. Also occurs at 22:10 (‘a house for my Name’).
Davidic Kingdom
Approved rendering: Königreich / Königtum
Transliteration: Königreich / Königtum
Doctrine: Doxological Praise and God’s Ultimate Kingship
Rejected alternatives: Reich Gottes (absolutely forbidden — reserved NT boundary term)
Original: מַלְכוּתוֹ / הַמַּמְלָכָה
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew malkhuto (17:11,14; 28:5) / ha-mamlakhah (29:11). The earthly Davidic dynasty’s God-guaranteed royal dominion, later reframed doxologically as ultimately God’s OWN kingdom. Render ‘(sein) Königreich/Königsherrschaft’ for the dynastic sense; ‘das Königtum/die Herrschaft’ for the 29:11 doxological sense. NEVER ‘Reich Gottes’ under any circumstance — the single most consequential fencing decision in this book. Real theological convergence (17:14; 29:11) may be noted explicitly in teaching material without merging the vocabulary.
Forever Adolam
Approved rendering: auf ewig
Transliteration: auf ewig
Doctrine: The Eternal Davidic Throne
Rejected alternatives: für lange Zeit (forbidden softening)
Original: עַד־עוֹלָם
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew ad-olam (17:12, 14). Full eschatological force intended and confirmed by later NT usage (Luke 1:33); NEVER softened to ‘für lange Zeit’, even though ad-olam can elsewhere in the OT denote merely a long indefinite period — here the fuller sense is required.
Covenantal Father Son
Approved rendering: Sohn (nicht ‘Sohn Gottes’)
Transliteration: Sohn
Doctrine: The Covenantal, Adoptive Sonship of the Davidic King
Rejected alternatives: Sohn Gottes (absolutely forbidden — reserved NT boundary term)
Original: לְאָב…לְבֵן
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew le’av…leven (17:13). The ancient Near Eastern royal-adoption idiom establishing Solomon as God’s covenantal, adoptive son — categorically distinct from Christ’s eternal, unique, co-equal divine Sonship. Render plainly ‘Vater’/‘Sohn’; UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES ‘Sohn Gottes’. Mandatory accompanying exposition that this sonship is adoptive-covenantal and, in principle, revocable (as the very next clause about Saul demonstrates). The single most theologically sensitive disambiguation in this curriculum.
Chesed Mercy
Approved rendering: Güte / Treue (ggf. Gnade mit Erläuterung)
Transliteration: Güte / Treue
Doctrine: God’s Irrevocable Covenant Loyalty (Chesed) to David’s House
Rejected alternatives: Gnade (permitted only with mandatory disambiguating note)
Original: חֶסֶד
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew chesed (17:13). Covenant-loyalty and steadfast love WITHIN an already-established relationship, explicitly and permanently withheld from Saul’s house by contrast — NOT the initiating, unilateral, merit-free salvific act the baseline’s ‘Gnade’ protects. Prefer ‘Güte’/‘Treue’ to reduce collision risk with Reformation-freighted ‘Gnade’; if ‘Gnade’ is used, an explicit disambiguating note is MANDATORY, not optional.
House For My Name
Approved rendering: ein Haus für meinen Namen
Transliteration: ein Haus für meinen Namen
Doctrine: The Theology of God’s Name Dwelling in the Temple / Preparation for the Temple
Original: בַּיִת לִשְׁמִי
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew bayit lishmi (22:10). God’s own designation of the Temple, quoted by David as the direct, explicit fulfillment of 17:11-12’s promise. Reuses the ‘house_bayit’ disambiguation and the ‘name_shem’ motif exactly; the single clearest verse connecting the core passage’s promise to its narrative fulfillment — must be taught as theologically load-bearing, not a mere logistical cross-reference.
High Risk Terms
Election
Approved rendering: Erwählung
Transliteration: Erwählung
Doctrine: Election of David’s House
Original: בָּחַר
Category: God’s Faithfulness
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, including its Lutheran/Reformed predestination-emphasis-neutrality caution. Here specifically God’s free choice of Judah, David’s house, and Solomon among David’s many sons (28:4-6, 10; 29:1) — narrated historical election, not a systematic soteriological claim; do not impose either tradition’s precise framework onto Solomon’s selection.
Seed Of Abraham
Approved rendering: Same
Transliteration: Same
Doctrine: Abrahamic Covenant
Original: זֶרַע אַבְרָהָם
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
Inherited from Romans package (via the Galatians extension), unchanged, including the collective-singular exposition caution. Invoked in David’s psalm of thanksgiving (16:13) to frame the worshiping community as heirs of the patriarchal promises.
Grace
Approved rendering: Gnade
Transliteration: Gnade
Doctrine: Grace (NT boundary term / chesed collision risk)
Rejected alternatives: Barmherzigkeit, Wohlwollen
Original: χάρις (NT term, cited here for collision-risk documentation only)
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Included here specifically to document the CRITICAL collision risk with 1 Chronicles 17:13’s chesed (see ‘chesed_mercy’ below): if ‘Gnade’ is used for chesed, an explicit disambiguating note distinguishing OT relationship-internal covenant loyalty from NT unmerited, unilateral, merit-free salvific favor is MANDATORY, not optional.
Church
Approved rendering: Gemeinde
Transliteration: Gemeinde
Doctrine: Church as God’s People (NT boundary term)
Rejected alternatives: Kirche (institution-default)
Original: ἐκκλησία (NT term, cited here for boundary documentation)
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Included here specifically as a BOUNDARY MARKER: reserved exclusively for the NT ekklesia/body-of-Christ doctrine; NEVER used for 1 Chronicles’ OT qahal, which must render as ‘Versammlung’ (see ‘assembly_qahal’ below), even though the Septuagint itself sometimes renders qahal with ekklesia.
Repentance
Approved rendering: Buße
Transliteration: Buße
Doctrine: David’s Repentance After the Census
Original: (David’s confession, 21:8, 17)
Category: Preparation for the Temple
Inherited from Romans package (via the Matthew extension), unchanged, including its confessional-history caution. Models David’s genuine internal confession and turning after the census-plague (21:8, 17), explicitly contrasted with Saul’s earlier unrepentant unfaithfulness (ch. 10); here the straightforward OT sense should be taught without anachronistically importing the later sacramental-versus-internal Reformation debate.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: Heiden
Transliteration: Heiden
Doctrine: Israel’s Place Among the Nations (covenant-contrast sense)
Original: גּוֹיִם (in covenant-contrast contexts)
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Reserved EXCLUSIVELY for contexts drawing an explicit Jew/Gentile covenant-theological contrast; 1 Chronicles 1’s neutral genealogical tables of non-Israelite nations use ‘peoples_nations’ = ‘Völker’ instead (see below) — never this term.
Sons Of David Line
Approved rendering: die davidische Linie
Transliteration: die davidische Linie
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness across Generations
Original: בְּנֵי דָוִיד
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew bene David. The royal dynastic line traced through ch. 3 down to post-exilic descendants (Zerubbabel) — the book’s own narrative PROOF that the ch. 17 ‘forever’ promise survived the Babylonian exile intact. Must be explicitly cross-referenced to ch. 17 in teaching material; a bare genealogical list carries none of this weight unaided.
Ark Of The Covenant
Approved rendering: Bundeslade
Transliteration: Bundeslade
Doctrine: The Ark of the Covenant and the Holiness of God
Original: אֲרוֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה / אֲרוֹן הָאֱלֹהִים
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew aron berit-YHWH / aron ha-Elohim. Established Lutherbibel term. Must be kept distinct from the false-friend ‘Arche’ (reserved for Noah’s ark) — a genuine German-specific homonym-adjacent risk. Central to chs. 13, 15, 16, and referenced at 17:1.
My Servant
Approved rendering: Knecht
Transliteration: Knecht
Doctrine: The Davidic Covenant Reaffirmed
Rejected alternatives: Diener (too neutral, loses royal-covenantal gravity)
Original: עַבְדִּי
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew avdi. God’s royal-covenantal title of honor for David, used across the oracle (17:4, 7). Render ‘Knecht’, established Lutherbibel register, never the flatter ‘Diener’; must be distinguished in teaching material from the NT’s universal servanthood-of-all-believers ethical teaching — this is a specific royal office conferred on one man.
Ruler Nagid
Approved rendering: Fürst
Transliteration: Fürst
Doctrine: The Davidic Covenant Reaffirmed
Rejected alternatives: König (reserved for melek; deliberately withheld here)
Original: נָגִיד
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew nagid, deliberately distinct from melek (‘king’). God’s chosen title for David at 17:7, framing his rule as divine appointment rather than self-styled monarchy. German readers accustomed to ‘König David’ elsewhere will not notice this distinction without explicit teaching-material flagging.
Throne
Approved rendering: Thron
Transliteration: Thron
Doctrine: The Eternal Davidic Throne
Original: כִּסֵּא
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew kisse (17:12, 14). Symbol of legitimate, divinely sanctioned royal authority, promised ‘forever’. Carries direct messianic-eschatological freight for German readers who know Luke 1:32-33 (Gabriel’s citation of this exact promise); flag for theologian review whenever taught alongside NT fulfillment texts, keeping the OT immediate referent (Solomon and successors) and the ultimate referent (Christ) both present and distinguished.
Anointed King
Approved rendering: Gesalbter
Transliteration: Gesalbter
Doctrine: The Anointing of Israel’s Kings
Rejected alternatives: Messias (absolutely forbidden — reserved NT boundary term)
Original: מָשִׁיחַ / מָשְׁחוּ
Category: Christology (OT Typology)
NEW. Hebrew mashiach/mash’chu (11:3; 29:22), of David’s and Solomon’s royal consecration. Historical-typological ROOT of the later fixed title but never itself ‘Messias’. German readers who already know ‘Messias’ from other curricula in this pipeline are at elevated risk of reading it back into these OT anointing narratives; state the typological-not-identical relationship explicitly.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: das Wort Gottes
Transliteration: das Wort Gottes
Doctrine: Prophetic Revelation: Word and Vision
Original: דְּבַר־אֱלֹהִים
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew devar-Elohim (17:3). The formal introduction of authoritative divine revelation to Nathan, superseding his own provisional human opinion given in 17:2 (‘was du im Sinn hast’). Connects directly to the baseline’s inspiration-of-Scripture caution regarding the German historisch-kritische Methode’s tendency toward purely human-literary readings; the narrative’s own distinction between v.2 and v.3 must not be flattened.
Assembly Qahal
Approved rendering: Versammlung
Transliteration: Versammlung
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Rejected alternatives: Gemeinde (absolutely forbidden — reserved NT boundary term)
Original: קָהָל
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew qahal (13:2; 28:1; 29:1,10,20). The formally convened body of Israel’s leadership and people before whom David publicly reaffirms the Davidic covenant. Render EXCLUSIVELY ‘Versammlung’; never the baseline’s fixed ‘Gemeinde’, even though the Septuagint itself sometimes renders qahal with ekklesia — that typological continuity may be noted in teaching material without merging the vocabulary.
Ordinance Ka Mishpat
Approved rendering: nach der Ordnung
Transliteration: nach der Ordnung
Doctrine: Worship According to God’s Prescribed Order
Rejected alternatives: wie es sich gebührt (acceptable register alternative)
Original: כַּמִּשְׁפָּט
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew ka-mishpat (15:13). David’s own explicit self-correction (‘wir haben es nicht nach der Ordnung getan’) — the book’s clearest single-verse statement that right worship requires God’s prescribed order, not merely right intention. Must be taught as the doctrinal center of the Worship and Levitical Order theme, not a procedural footnote to the Uzza incident.
Prophesy With Instruments
Approved rendering: weissagen (mit Musikinstrumenten)
Transliteration: weissagen mit Musikinstrumenten
Doctrine: Worship Music as a Prophetic, Spirit-Associated Activity
Rejected alternatives: musizieren (erases the theological claim)
Original: לְנַבֵּא (בְּכִנֹּרוֹת)
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew lenabbe be-kinnorot (25:1, 3). Unusual pairing of prophetic vocabulary with musical performance, presenting worship music as a Spirit-associated, revelatory-adjacent activity. Must NOT be presented as ecstatic/occult prophecy, nor flattened to mere ‘musizieren’ — a distinctive theological claim about the dignity of ordained worship music.
Plan Pattern Tavnit
Approved rendering: Bauplan
Transliteration: Bauplan
Doctrine: The Divinely Revealed Pattern for the Temple
Rejected alternatives: Vorbild (acceptable register alternative)
Original: תַּבְנִית
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew tavnit (28:11-12, 19), explicitly said to come ‘by the Spirit’, directly paralleling Moses receiving the Tabernacle’s pattern in Exodus 25:9. A claim of direct revelatory origin for cultic design, not human architectural innovation — connects to the baseline’s inspiration-of-Scripture caution regarding the German historisch-kritische Methode’s tendency to naturalize such claims. Theologian review mandatory.
Satan Adversary
Approved rendering: Satan
Transliteration: Satan
Doctrine: Divine Sovereignty and the Adversary
Original: שָׂטָן
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew satan (21:1). The incitement-agent inciting David to number Israel — notably, the parallel 2 Samuel 24:1 attributes the same incitement directly to the LORD’s own anger, a genuine unresolved tension between primary and secondary causation. Transliterate as the established German proper name ‘Satan’; theologian review mandatory, presented transparently without forced harmonization.
Angel Of The Lord
Approved rendering: Engel des HERRN
Transliteration: Engel des HERRN
Doctrine: The Temple Site: Judgment and Mercy at the Threshing Floor
Original: מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew malakh YHWH (21:12-30). God’s personal, visible agent of both judgment and mercy. Must NOT be reduced to generic folk-piety ‘guardian angel’ imagery; this is a specific theophanic agent tied to the pivotal identification of the future Temple site.
Medium Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Gott
Transliteration: Gott
Doctrine: God
Original: אֱלֹהִים
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Addressed throughout 1 Chronicles’ genealogical, covenantal, and worship material; the book’s post-atheist East German readership caution from the baseline applies unchanged.
Israel
Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Covenant People
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, including its Staatsräson political-sensitivity caution. Both the genealogical subject of chs. 1-9 and the political-military entity throughout the book.
Covenant
Approved rendering: Bund
Transliteration: Bund
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: בְּרִית
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Chapter 16’s psalm (16:15-18, citing Psalm 105) explicitly links the Abrahamic covenant with the Davidic covenant reaffirmed in ch. 17 as one continuous ‘forever’ promise-thread — flag this literary/theological bridge explicitly in teaching material, though the German rendering itself is unchanged from Romans.
Holy
Approved rendering: heilig
Transliteration: heilig
Doctrine: Holiness of God / the Ark
Rejected alternatives: rein
Original: קֹדֶשׁ
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Governs the holiness of the ark of the covenant (chs. 13, 15) demanding handling according to God’s own prescribed order; Uzza’s death is the founding negative object lesson for the whole Worship and Levitical Order doctrine.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Heiliger Geist
Transliteration: Heiliger Geist
Doctrine: Episodic Spirit-Empowerment (OT)
Original: רוּחַ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, WITH an added mandatory OT-specific caution: ‘the Spirit came upon’ Amasai (12:18) and revealed the Temple’s pattern to David (28:12) are episodic, task-specific empowerments, categorically distinct from the New Testament doctrine of the Spirit’s permanent indwelling of every believer. Teaching material must not flatten this Old-to-New distinction in either direction.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messias
Transliteration: Messias
Doctrine: Messianic Promise (Typological)
Original: מָשִׁיחַ (eschatological sense) / Χριστός
Category: Christology (OT Typology)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. NEVER applied within 1 Chronicles’ own text to David, Solomon, or any OT king (see ‘anointed_king’ below for the correct OT rendering); reserved strictly for teaching material drawing the typological line from ch. 17’s eternal-throne promise forward to NT fulfillment.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: Nachkomme Davids
Transliteration: Nachkomme Davids
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: זַרְעֲךָ
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In 1 Chronicles 17:11 the immediate referent is Solomon; teaching material must distinguish this immediate sense from the fuller messianic resonance developing later in the canon (cf. Romans 1:3), never conflating the two as though David grasped the distant fulfillment with full clarity.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Reich Gottes
Transliteration: Reich Gottes
Doctrine: Kingdom of God (NT boundary term)
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ (NT term, cited here for boundary documentation)
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Included here specifically as a BOUNDARY MARKER: this fixed NT phrase must NEVER be substituted for 1 Chronicles’ own OT dynastic/doxological vocabulary (‘his kingdom’ / ‘the kingdom’, see ‘davidic_kingdom’ below), even where real theological convergence exists (17:14; 29:11).
Father
Approved rendering: Vater
Transliteration: Vater
Doctrine: Covenantal Fatherhood
Original: אָב
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In 17:13 specifically, must be read alongside the mandatory ‘Sohn’ (never ‘Sohn Gottes’) disambiguation documented under ‘covenantal_father_son’ below; elsewhere the ordinary patriarchal-genealogical sense throughout the family-line records.
Glory
Approved rendering: Herrlichkeit
Transliteration: Herrlichkeit
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness across Generations
Original: כָּבוֹד
Category: God’s Faithfulness
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. God’s manifest honor, to be declared among the nations (16:24, 28) and confessed as belonging ultimately to God alone (29:11).
Providence
Approved rendering: Vorsehung
Transliteration: Vorsehung
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness across Generations
Original: (narrative claim; no single fixed Hebrew term)
Category: God’s Faithfulness
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, including its Enlightenment/deist-usage caution. 1 Chronicles’ narrative of personal divine agency (the adversary, the angel, the plague, the mercy in ch. 21; David’s closing prayer in ch. 29) is a strong positive resource for teaching the personal, purposive sense against a deist/impersonal-force drift.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Kraft Gottes
Transliteration: Kraft Gottes
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness across Generations
Original: (cf. ‘all things come from you,’ 29:11-12)
Category: God’s Faithfulness
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Confessed explicitly in David’s closing prayer as the source of ‘Größe, Kraft, Herrlichkeit… alles’ (29:11-12); conceptually reinforces the new ‘all_things_from_you’ entry below.
Genealogy
Approved rendering: Geschlechterregister
Transliteration: Geschlechterregister
Doctrine: Genealogy and the Continuity of God’s People
Rejected alternatives: Stammbaum (acceptable register alternative)
Original: תּוֹלְדוֹת
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew toledot. Frames the whole book’s opening as a theological claim of unbroken covenant continuity from Adam to the post-exilic community. Risk is pastoral/presentational, not lexical: German devotional-reading habit predisposes readers to treat chs. 1-9 as skippable filler unless taught otherwise. 1 Chronicles 1-9 and throughout.
Peoples Nations
Approved rendering: Völker
Transliteration: Völker
Doctrine: Israel’s Place Among the Nations
Rejected alternatives: Heiden (reserved for covenant-contrast contexts only)
Original: עַמִּים / גּוֹיִם
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew ammim/goyim in the neutral, pre-covenant-distinction genealogical listing sense (ch. 1: Edom, Ishmael, etc.). Must never use the baseline’s reserved ‘Heiden’, which would import unwarranted covenant-polemic into neutral kinship data. 1 Chronicles 1:1-54.
Unfaithfulness
Approved rendering: Untreue
Transliteration: Untreue
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Its Consequences
Rejected alternatives: Ungehorsam (too weak, loses covenant-relational betrayal sense)
Original: מַעַל
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew ma’al: covenant betrayal/sacrilege, explicitly cited as the cause of the Transjordan tribes’ Assyrian exile (5:25-26) and of Saul’s death (10:13). Functions as the direct negative foil against which God’s irrevocable chesed to David’s house (17:13) is measured; never soften to generic disobedience.
Exile
Approved rendering: Exil
Transliteration: Exil
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Its Consequences
Rejected alternatives: Verbannung (acceptable register alternative)
Original: גָּלוּת
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew galut. The covenant-curse consequence of ma’al (5:26), structurally presupposed by the post-exilic resettlement list of ch. 9. Keep terminology consistent across both occurrences.
Returnees
Approved rendering: Rückkehrer
Transliteration: Rückkehrer
Doctrine: Post-Exilic Resettlement and Continuity
Rejected alternatives: Heimkehrer (acceptable register alternative)
Original: הַיּוֹשְׁבִים הָרִאשֹׁנִים
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew ha-yoshevim ha-rishonim. Structural bridge in ch. 9 between pre-exilic genealogies and the book’s own post-exilic audience; the rhetorical reassurance purpose must be made explicit in teaching material rather than left implicit in what otherwise reads as bare demographic data.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: Erbteil
Transliteration: Erbteil
Doctrine: Genealogy and the Continuity of God’s People
Rejected alternatives: Erbe
Original: נַחֲלָה
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew nachalah. Tribal land-allotment, the concrete territorial expression of the patriarchal covenant promises; distinct from, and not to be conflated with, later NT inheritance-in-Christ imagery.
Name Shem
Approved rendering: Name
Transliteration: Name
Doctrine: The Theology of God’s Name Dwelling in the Temple
Original: שֵׂם
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew shem. God’s gift of renown to David (17:8), part of the wider Deuteronomic ‘Name theology’ thread culminating in ‘a house for My Name’ (22:10, see ‘house_for_my_name’ below). Keep lexically identical across both occurrences so the motif is traceable; the theology itself requires teaching-material exposition, not lexical substitution.
Establish Verb
Approved rendering: feststehen lassen / bestätigen
Transliteration: feststehen lassen / bestätigen
Doctrine: The Davidic Covenant Reaffirmed
Original: הֵכִין / הֵקִים
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew hekhin/heqim, the divine guarantee-verb repeated three times across 17:11-14 (kingdom, throne, house). Keep rendering consistent across all three occurrences to preserve the deliberate rhetorical repetition/emphasis-through-redundancy.
Vision Chizzayon
Approved rendering: Gesicht
Transliteration: Gesicht
Doctrine: Prophetic Revelation: Word and Vision
Rejected alternatives: Vision (acceptable register alternative)
Original: חִזָּיוֹן
Category: Davidic Covenant
NEW. Hebrew chizzayon (17:15). Pairs with ‘word_of_god’ as the two principal OT revelation categories, closing the oracle by certifying its full authority. Register choice, not doctrinal.
Priest
Approved rendering: Priester
Transliteration: Priester
Doctrine: The Levitical and Priestly Lineage
Original: כֹּהֵן
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew kohen (chs. 6, 24). Narrower priestly office within the wider Levitical tribe. ‘Priester’ carries live contemporary German Catholic/Protestant clerical-office connotations that must be distinguished in teaching material from the hereditary, sacrificial, Aaronic OT office.
Tent Tabernacle
Approved rendering: Zelt / Stiftshütte
Transliteration: Zelt / Stiftshütte
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Original: אֹהֶל / מִשְׁכָּן
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew ohel (ordinary tent) / mishkan (technical wilderness Tabernacle term), both occurring in 17:5. Render ohel=‘Zelt’, mishkan=‘Stiftshütte’; NEVER collapse both to generic ‘Zelt’, which would erase the Hebrew text’s own distinction within a single verse.
Singers Instruments
Approved rendering: Sänger / Musikinstrumente
Transliteration: Sänger / Musikinstrumente
Doctrine: Worship Music as a Prophetic, Spirit-Associated Activity
Original: מְשֹׁרְרִים / כְּלֵי־שִׁיר
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew meshor’rim/kelei-shir. The newly appointed Levitical musical guild (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun), introduced ch. 15, organized fully ch. 25. Low lexical risk; doctrinal significance is structural.
Lot Goral
Approved rendering: Los
Transliteration: Los
Doctrine: The Levitical Order and Its Administration
Original: גּוֹרָל
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew goral (24:5,31; 25:8; 26:13-14). Means of decision-making understood as revealing God’s own choice, not chance. Genuine false-friend risk in contemporary German, where ‘Los’ primarily evokes secular Lotterie/Glücksspiel; mandatory framing note required at every occurrence.
Service Avodah
Approved rendering: Dienst
Transliteration: Dienst
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Original: עֲבוֹדָה
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew avodah (23:24,28,32). Covers both physical Temple labor and worship-service itself; German ‘Dienst’ fortunately spans both senses, but the Hebrew’s deliberate blurring of labor and worship should be surfaced as a point of theological interest in teaching material.
Dedicated Consecrated
Approved rendering: weihen
Transliteration: weihen
Doctrine: Preparation for the Temple
Original: הִקְדִּישׁ
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew hiqdish (18:11; 26:26-27). Ritually setting war spoils and gifts apart exclusively for God’s use; reuses the root of ‘holy’/heilig. Ties to the sacrificial, generational-giving emphasis of the Preparation for the Temple doctrine.
Sacrifice Offering
Approved rendering: Opfer / Brandopfer
Transliteration: Opfer / Brandopfer
Doctrine: Sacrificial Worship and the Altar
Rejected alternatives: Aufopferung (too generic/metaphorical)
Original: זֶבַח / עוֹלָה
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew zebach/olah (16:1; 21:26; 29:21). Must retain specific cultic/atoning force without devolving into generic self-sacrifice metaphor, and without being prematurely collapsed into the full NT atonement doctrine already fixed elsewhere in this pipeline.
Rest Menuchah
Approved rendering: Ruhe
Transliteration: Ruhe
Doctrine: Preparation for the Temple
Original: מְנוּחָה
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew menuchah (22:9). God-given peace from enemies, the precondition explaining why David (a man of war) could not build the Temple while Solomon (associated with peace) could. Conceptually adjacent to, but distinct from, the baseline’s ‘peace’/‘peace_with_god’ (Friede) — a concrete geopolitical precondition, not the NT’s relational peace-through-justification.
Freewill Offering
Approved rendering: freiwillige Gabe
Transliteration: freiwillige Gabe
Doctrine: Freewill Giving as Response to Grace
Original: נְדָבָה
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew nedavah (29:5-9,14,17). A gift given beyond any required obligation; joyful response to, never presented as securing, God’s prior covenant faithfulness. Draw the parallel to the baseline’s fruit-not-ground works discipline (Ephesians 2:9-10) to guard against a Werkgerechtigkeit misreading.
Whole Heart Willing Mind
Approved rendering: ungeteiltes Herz / williger Sinn
Transliteration: ungeteiltes Herz
Doctrine: Wholehearted Devotion in Temple Service
Original: לֵבָב שָׁלֵם / נֶפֶשׁ חֲפֵצָה
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew levav shalem/nefesh chafetsah (28:9; 29:9,17). Internal-disposition standard David sets for all the material Temple preparation; external preparation without this disposition would fail the passage’s own stated criterion.
Threshing Floor
Approved rendering: Tenne
Transliteration: Tenne
Doctrine: The Temple Site: Judgment and Mercy at the Threshing Floor
Original: גֹּרֶן
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew goren, of Ornan (21:15,18,28; 22:1). Geographic/theological hinge connecting the plague narrative, divine mercy, and the coming sanctuary’s location. Must be introduced with clear historical, not contemporary-political, framing given the site’s identification with the later Temple Mount.
Census
Approved rendering: Volkszählung
Transliteration: Volkszählung
Doctrine: The Temple Site: Judgment and Mercy at the Threshing Floor
Original: מִסְפָּר / לִמְנוֹת
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew mispar/limnot (21:1-8). David’s population count, which provoked divine judgment despite census-taking itself not being inherently sinful (cf. Numbers 1). Must be framed carefully so the sin is located in motive/national culpability, not the administrative act itself.
Blessed Be The Lord
Approved rendering: Gepriesen sei der HERR
Transliteration: Gepriesen sei der HERR
Doctrine: Doxological Praise and God’s Ultimate Kingship
Rejected alternatives: selig (absolutely forbidden — reserved Beatitudes-only NT boundary term), Gelobt sei der HERR (acceptable register alternative)
Original: בָּרוּךְ יְהוָה
Category: God’s Faithfulness
NEW. Hebrew barukh YHWH (16:36; 29:10,20). Doxological praise-formula ascribing praise to God, grammatically and theologically distinct from the Matthean Beatitudes’ makarios. MUST NEVER use the baseline’s reserved ‘selig’.
Bless Blessing
Approved rendering: segnen
Transliteration: segnen
Doctrine: Prayer and Blessing: The Prayer of Jabez
Rejected alternatives: selig (absolutely forbidden here)
Original: בָּרַךְ / בְּרָכָה
Category: God’s Faithfulness
NEW. Hebrew barakh/berakhah (4:10; 17:27). To invoke or bestow favor; must be kept distinct both from the doxological ‘blessed_be_the_lord’ formula above and from ‘selig’ — three related but theologically distinct German words for three distinct biblical categories.
All Things From You
Approved rendering: alles kommt von dir
Transliteration: alles kommt von dir
Doctrine: Freewill Giving as Response to Grace
Original: הַכֹּל מִיָּדְךָ
Category: God’s Faithfulness
NEW. Hebrew ha-kol mi-yadkha (29:14, 16). David’s confession that all the wealth just given for the Temple ultimately comes from God’s own hand; conceptually parallel to ‘providence’/Vorsehung and ‘power_of_god’/Kraft Gottes, undercutting any works-righteousness misreading of ch. 29’s freewill offerings.
Low Risk Terms
David
Approved rendering: David
Transliteration: David
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central human figure of the book, chs. 2-29; direct recipient of the covenant oracle in ch. 17.
Prophet
Approved rendering: Prophet
Transliteration: Prophet
Doctrine: Prophetic Revelation
Original: נָבִיא
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Nathan, the recipient and deliverer of the ch. 17 oracle, is the book’s central instance.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: Weissagung
Transliteration: Weissagung
Doctrine: Prophetic Revelation
Original: (cf. lenabbe, ch. 25)
Category: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged; serves as the root for the new ‘prophesy_with_instruments’ entry below (ch. 25’s distinctive usage).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: Danksagung
Transliteration: Danksagung
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: הוֹדוּ
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The liturgical exhortation ‘Danket dem HERRN’ opening David’s psalm (16:8, quoting Psalm 105).
Peace
Approved rendering: Friede
Transliteration: Friede
Doctrine: Peace (concrete geopolitical sense, OT)
Original: (cf. menuchah, 22:9; also Shlomo/Solomon’s name-etymology)
Category: Preparation for the Temple
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Kept conceptually distinguishable from the new ‘rest_menuchah’ entry below (22:9, God-given peace from enemies as precondition for Temple-building) and from the baseline’s fuller NT peace-with-God-through-justification doctrine.
Tribe
Approved rendering: Stamm
Transliteration: Stamm
Doctrine: Genealogy and the Continuity of God’s People
Original: מַטֶּה / שֵׁבֶט
Category: Genealogy and Continuity
NEW. Hebrew matteh/shevet. One of the twelve tribal divisions; stable, established German Bible vocabulary. Throughout chs. 1-9, 27.
Seer
Approved rendering: Seher
Transliteration: Seher
Doctrine: Prophetic Revelation
Original: חֹזֶה / רֹאֶה
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew chozeh/ro’eh (21:9; 25:5; 29:29). Synonym for ‘Prophet’; no independent risk beyond that already covered by the ‘prophet’ entry.
Levite
Approved rendering: Levit
Transliteration: Levit
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Original: לֵוִי / לְוִיִּים
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew Levi/Leviyyim. Stable, established German Bible vocabulary. Personnel foundation for chs. 6, 9, 15-16, 23-26.
Gatekeepers
Approved rendering: Torhüter
Transliteration: Torhüter
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Original: שׁוֹעֲרִים
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew sho’arim. Levitical doorkeeper office, chs. 9, 15, 16, 26. Stable across occurrences.
Divisions Machlekot
Approved rendering: Abteilungen
Transliteration: Abteilungen
Doctrine: The Levitical Order and Its Administration
Rejected alternatives: Dienstordnungen (acceptable register alternative)
Original: מַחְלְקוֹת
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew machlekot (chs. 23-27). Organized rotational service divisions; standard administrative vocabulary.
Treasuries
Approved rendering: Schatzkammer
Transliteration: Schatzkammer
Doctrine: Worship and the Levitical Order
Rejected alternatives: Schatzmeister (for the officiant sense)
Original: אֹצָרוֹת
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew otsarot (9:26; 26:20-28). Standard administrative vocabulary; fiscal stewardship of consecrated resources.
Altar
Approved rendering: Altar
Transliteration: Altar
Doctrine: Sacrificial Worship and the Altar
Original: מִזְבֵּח
Category: Worship and Levitical Order
NEW. Hebrew mizbeach (21:18,26; 22:1). David’s altar at Ornan’s threshing floor becomes the first act of worship at the future Temple’s location. Standard vocabulary.
Temple Materials
Approved rendering: Gold / Silber / Zeder
Transliteration: Gold / Silber / Zeder
Doctrine: Preparation for the Temple
Original: זָהָב / כֶּסֶף / אֶרֶז
Category: Preparation for the Temple
NEW. Hebrew zahav/kesef/erez (22:2-5,14-16; 29:2-5). Standard vocabulary; theological weight lies in the narrative of sacrificial, generational giving, not the individual lexemes.
Full Of Days
Approved rendering: reich an Tagen, Reichtum und Ehre
Transliteration: reich an Tagen, Reichtum und Ehre
Doctrine: God’s Faithfulness across Generations
Original: שָׂבֵעַ יָמִים וְעֹשֶׁר וְכָבוֹד
Category: God’s Faithfulness
NEW. Hebrew save’a yamim ve-osher ve-khavod (29:28). Formulaic patriarchal death-notice echoing Abraham, Isaac, and Job, closing the book’s covenant-fulfillment arc with the language of blessing fulfilled.
Referenced passages