Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — 1 Corinthians (English → German)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, across the entire book of 1 Corinthians, chapter by chapter. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] and must never be re-translated or altered. Terms new to this curriculum are marked [NEW] and require entry into translation_memory.json during Phase 2 per the pipeline’s term-discovery protocol, with risk tier and rationale as recorded here.
Risk tiers follow the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly:
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; mandatory human theologian review, every occurrence.
- High — mistranslation creates significant theological confusion or denominational-conflation risk; mandatory human theologian review.
- Medium — mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision risk; automated review sufficient.
Core Passage Terms (1 Corinthians 15:1-11)
| Term (English) | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Chapter(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | Evangelium | Low | Gospel | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | 15:1 | Reused from Romans TM without change. |
| received / delivered (tradition formula) | empfangen / überliefert | High | Inspiration of Scripture / Gospel | [NEW] | 15:1, 3 | Technical rabbinic transmission-formula pairing; both verbs must be rendered with matching technical force. |
| being saved | werdet gerettet | High | Salvation | [BASELINE ROOT — REUSED] | 15:2 | Uses baseline Rettung root; “Heil” avoided per baseline rule. Present-passive ongoing aspect must be preserved. |
| died for our sins | starb für unsere Sünden | Critical | The Cross as Wisdom and Power / Salvation | [NEW — uses BASELINE Sünde] | 15:3 | Substitutionary hyper force must not be flattened to a merely exemplary death. |
| according to the Scriptures | nach der Schrift | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | [BASELINE — REUSED] | 15:3, 4 | Requires OT background exposition per baseline’s low-OT-literacy caution. |
| raised (perfect tense) | ist auferstanden / ist auferweckt worden | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ | [BASELINE — REUSED (Auferstehung root)] | 15:4 | Perfect tense’s abiding-result force must be preserved; prefer present-perfect German construction. |
| appeared | erschien | High | The Resurrection of Christ | [NEW] | 15:5-8 | Technical term for objective resurrection appearance, not subjective vision. |
| fallen asleep | entschlafen | Medium | The Resurrection of Believers | [NEW] | 15:6 | Traditional German ecclesial euphemism; preserve resurrection-hope connotation over flat “gestorben.” |
| untimely born | wie eine unzeitige Geburt | High | Paul’s Apostleship | [NEW] | 15:8 | Luther’s crude/direct image; retain per this pipeline’s rhetorical-directness discipline. |
| church of God | die Gemeinde Gottes | High | Church as God’s People | [BASELINE — REUSED (Gemeinde)] | 15:9 | Reuses baseline preference for Gemeinde over Kirche. |
| grace | Gnade | High | Grace | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | 15:10 | Threefold repetition; guard against Werkgerechtigkeit in the surrounding “worked harder” clause. |
| worked harder (than all of them) | habe ich mich mehr angestrengt | Critical | Grace / Christian Ministry | [NEW] | 15:10 | Classic Werkgerechtigkeit trap; must remain bound to its self-correcting clause (“nicht ich, sondern die Gnade Gottes”). |
| preach / believed | predigen / geglaubt | Low/Medium | Gospel / Faith | [BASELINE — REUSED (Glaube root)] | 15:11 | Standard usage. |
Whole-Book Glossary by Chapter
Chapter 1 — Christian Unity versus Factionalism / The Cross as Wisdom and Power
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| divisions/factions (schisma) | Spaltungen | High | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | [NEW] | Avoid “Parteien” (political-party collision). |
| Christ crucified | der gekreuzigte Christus | Critical | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [NEW] | Must retain scandal, not soften to generic death. |
| wisdom | Weisheit | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [NEW] | German philosophical-heritage collision risk (Kant, Hegel), parallel to Colossians philosophy caution. |
| foolishness | Torheit | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [NEW] | Pair explicitly with “Weisheit Gottes.” |
| power of God | Kraft Gottes | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | Same phrase as Romans 1:16. |
| calling | Berufung / berufen | High | Divine Calling | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | Career/legal-appeal homonym collision. |
| boasting | sich rühmen | Low/Medium | Grace | [NEW] | Undercuts merit-based self-congratulation. |
Chapter 2 — The Spirit and Human Wisdom
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| spiritual person / natural person | geistlicher Mensch / natürlicher Mensch | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [NEW] | Regeneration contrast, not an intelligence contrast — clarify explicitly. |
| mind of Christ | der Sinn Christi | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | [NEW] | — |
| Spirit searches/reveals | der Geist erforscht/offenbart | Medium | Inspiration of Scripture | [BASELINE ROOT — REUSED (Heiliger Geist)] | Ties to Mystery of Christ revelation pattern. |
Chapter 3 — Church Discipline and Holiness (Foundations)
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| carnal/fleshly | fleischlich | Critical | Flesh versus Spirit | [BASELINE ROOT — REUSED (Fleisch)] | Disambiguate from neutral bodily sense on first occurrence. |
| temple of God (corporate) | Tempel Gottes | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Must be distinguished from ch.6’s individual-body temple sense. |
| foundation | Fundament / Grundlage | Low | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | [NEW] | — |
| fire will test | das Feuer wird prüfen | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Distinct from salvation’s ground; flag Catholic purgatorial-resonance awareness for reviewers. |
Chapter 4 — Apostolic Stewardship
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stewards of the mysteries | Verwalter der Geheimnisse Gottes | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | [BASELINE ROOT — REUSED (Geheimnis)] | — |
| judged by the Lord | der Herr ist es, der mich richtet | Critical | Lordship of Christ | [BASELINE — REUSED (Herr)] | — |
Chapter 5 — Church Discipline and Holiness
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sexual immorality | Unzucht | Medium | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Register choice; avoid archaic/crude “Hurerei.” |
| hand over to Satan / leaven | dem Satan übergeben / Sauerteig | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Frame as restorative discipline, never vindictive punishment or loss of salvation. |
| judge those inside/outside | die drinnen / die draußen richten | Medium | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Scope-of-discipline clarification. |
Chapter 6 — The Body as Temple, Union with Christ
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| body is a temple of the Holy Spirit | euer Leib ist ein Tempel des Heiligen Geistes | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | [NEW] | Distinguish explicitly from ch.3’s corporate temple. |
| joined to the Lord | mit dem Herrn verbunden | High | Christian Identity in Christ | [NEW — reuses BASELINE Herr] | — |
| bought with a price | um einen Preis erkauft | High | Salvation | [NEW] | Concrete commercial metaphor; parallel to Colossians certificate-of-debt discipline. |
| lawsuits among believers | Rechtsstreitigkeiten vor Ungläubigen | Low/Medium | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | [NEW] | — |
| washed, sanctified, justified | gewaschen, geheiligt, gerecht gemacht | Critical | Salvation / Sanctification | [BASELINE — REUSED (Heiligung, Rechtfertigung)] | Triad describing conversion. |
Chapter 7 — Marriage and Singleness
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| marriage | Ehe | Low | Marriage and Singleness | [NEW] | — |
| gift (of celibacy) | Gabe / Gnadengabe | Medium | Marriage and Singleness | [NEW — reuses BASELINE root Gnadengaben] | Neither state framed as spiritually deficient. |
| conjugal duty / authority over the body | eheliche Pflicht / Verfügungsrecht über den Leib | Medium/High | Marriage and Singleness | [NEW] | Note deliberate mutuality, parallel to Ephesians 5:21 mutual-submission framing. |
| better to marry than to burn | besser heiraten als in Begierde brennen | Low/Medium | Marriage and Singleness | [NEW] | — |
| present form of this world passing away | die Gestalt dieser Welt vergeht | Medium | Marriage and Singleness | [NEW] | Eschatological urgency, not asceticism per se. |
Chapter 8 — Christian Liberty and Idol Meat (I)
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| idol | Götze / Götzenbild | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | [NEW] | Avoid loanword “Idol” (celebrity-worship collision in contemporary German). |
| idol meat | Götzenopferfleisch | Medium | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | [NEW] | Established Luther-tradition compound. |
| knowledge puffs up / love builds up | die Erkenntnis bläst auf, die Liebe baut auf | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat / Love | [NEW — anticipates ch.13 Liebe] | Sets up ch.13’s climax. |
| weak conscience / stumbling block | schwaches Gewissen / Anstoß, Ärgernis | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | [NEW] | German philosophical “Gewissen” resonance (Kant); keep the biblical, faith-formed sense distinct. |
Chapter 9 — Apostolic Rights and Self-Discipline
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| right/authority (exousia) | Recht / Vollmacht | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | [NEW] | Must NOT be conflated with baseline Critical term Freiheit (eleutheria). |
| become all things to all people | allen alles geworden | Medium | Evangelism | [NEW] | — |
| imperishable wreath | unverweslicher Kranz | Medium | The Resurrection of Believers (forward link) | [NEW] | Anticipates ch.15 aphtharsia vocabulary. |
| disqualified | verwerflich / untauglich | High | Assurance of Salvation | [NEW] | Must not be read as contradicting assurance of salvation; concerns reward, not salvation’s loss. |
Chapter 10 — Warning from Israel’s History, the Lord’s Table
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| types/examples | Vorbilder / Beispiele | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | [NEW] | Requires OT narrative background. |
| the Rock was Christ | der Fels aber war Christus | Critical | The Deity and Pre-existence of Christ | [NEW] | Real pre-existent activity, not merely symbolic naming. |
| table of the Lord / table of demons | der Tisch des Herrn / der Tisch der Dämonen | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | [NEW] | Real spiritual stakes; do not psychologize into mere etiquette. |
| participation/communion | Gemeinschaft | High (elevated in this context) | The Lord’s Supper | [BASELINE — REUSED, risk elevated here] | Engages German confessional Real Presence divide directly. |
Chapter 11 — Head Covering, Order in Worship, the Lord’s Supper
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| head (headship) | Haupt | Critical | Order in Worship / Marriage | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | Mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review per Ephesians household-code discipline; also guards against Trinitarian subordinationist misreading (Christ-God “head”). |
| head covering / veil | Kopfbedeckung / Schleier | High | Order in Worship | [NEW] | German-specific: avoid conflation with contemporary Kopftuchdebatte; keep anchored in first-century context. Mandatory theologian review. |
| Lord’s Supper (institution words) | das Abendmahl / das Herrenmahl; “Das ist mein Leib… dies tut zu meinem Gedächtnis.” | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | [NEW — parallels BASELINE words_of_institution] | Confessionally contested (Realpräsenz/memorialism/transubstantiation); flagged, not adjudicated. Mandatory theologian review. |
| examine yourself / discern the body | sich selbst prüfen / den Leib unterscheiden | Critical | The Lord’s Supper | [NEW] | Underlying exegetical ambiguity (Christ’s body vs. church body) flagged, not adjudicated. |
Chapter 12 — Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| spiritual gifts | Gnadengaben | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | Charismatic/cessationist divide in German Protestantism, at full force here. |
| body of Christ (ecclesial) | der Leib Christi | Critical | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [NEW] | Fullest NT development of the body metaphor; preserve diversity AND unity. |
| members | Glieder | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [NEW] | — |
| one Spirit / one baptism into one body | ein Geist / in einen Leib getauft | Critical | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [NEW — echoes BASELINE sevenfold_unity] | Retain unqualified unity language. |
| tongues, interpretation, discerning of spirits, word of wisdom, word of knowledge | Zungenrede, Auslegung der Zungenrede, Unterscheidung der Geister, Wort der Weisheit, Wort der Erkenntnis | High | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [NEW] | Charismatic/cessationist divide at its most concrete. |
Chapter 13 — Love as the Greater Way
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| love (agapē) | Liebe | Critical — highest-priority new term in this package | Love as the Greater Way | [NEW] | German “Liebe” is the single generic word for romantic, familial, and casual “love”; every occurrence requires explicit behavioral context (vv.4-7) to keep the self-giving, non-romantic sense unmistakable. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence. |
| the greater way | der weit bessere/größere Weg | Medium | Love as the Greater Way | [NEW] | — |
| through a mirror, in a riddle | wir sehen jetzt durch einen Spiegel in einem dunklen Wort | High | Love as the Greater Way | [NEW] | Match Luther’s traditional, widely-known German phrasing exactly. |
| faith, hope, love; the greatest is love | Glaube, Hoffnung, Liebe; die größte aber ist die Liebe | Critical (via Liebe) | Love as the Greater Way | [BASELINE Glaube + NEW Hoffnung + NEW Liebe] | — |
Chapter 14 — Order in Worship
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| edification/building up | Erbauung / Aufbau | Low/Medium | Order in Worship | [BASELINE — REUSED (mutual_edification)] | — |
| tongues vs. prophecy | Zungenrede / Weissagung | High | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | [BASELINE Weissagung reused + NEW Zungenrede] | Charismatic/cessationist divide. |
| God is not a God of confusion but of peace | Gott ist nicht ein Gott der Unordnung, sondern des Friedens | Low/Medium | Order in Worship | [NEW — reuses BASELINE Friede] | — |
| women should be silent in the churches | die Frauen sollen in der Gemeinde schweigen | Critical | Order in Worship | [NEW] | Mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review; genuine textual-critical placement variation must be noted transparently; parallels Ephesians household-code sensitivity given Grundgesetz Art. 3. |
Chapter 15:12-58 — The Resurrection of Believers
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| if Christ has not been raised… | Ist aber Christus nicht auferstanden, so ist unsere Predigt vergeblich | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [BASELINE — REUSED (Auferstehung)] | — |
| firstfruits | Erstling / Erstlingsfrucht | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | Guarantee-relationship (causal, not merely sequential) must be explicit. |
| last Adam / first Adam | der letzte Adam / der erste Adam | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | Typological, representative-headship logic, parallel to Romans 5:12-21 and Ephesians 2:15. |
| natural body / spiritual body | natürlicher Leib / geistlicher Leib | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | “geistlich” ≠ “immaterial”; genuine transformed embodiment, not disembodiment. |
| perishable / imperishable | verweslich / unverweslich | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | Ties to ch.9’s imperishable-wreath imagery. |
| sting of death / victory | der Stachel des Todes / der Sieg | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | Preserve triumphant direct-address rhetorical force. |
| we shall be changed | wir werden verwandelt werden | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW — ties to BASELINE Geheimnis] | — |
| baptism for the dead | die Taufe für die Toten | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | [NEW] | Genuinely obscure reference; must disclaim any warrant for later proxy-baptism practices. |
Chapter 16 — Collection, Closing Exhortations
| Term | German Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| collection for the saints | die Sammlung für die Heiligen | High | Church Discipline and Holiness / Unity | [BASELINE — REUSED (Heilige)] | — |
| holy kiss | der heilige Kuss | Medium | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | [NEW — reuses BASELINE heilig] | Note as culturally-bound first-century custom. |
| Marana tha | Marana tha (gloss: “unser Herr, komm!”) | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers (eschatological hope) | [NEW] | Retain untranslated per Abba-preservation precedent; gloss at first occurrence. |
| let him be anathema | verflucht | Critical | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | [BASELINE — REUSED EXACTLY] | Never softened to “im Unrecht.” |
| grace of the Lord Jesus be with you | die Gnade des Herrn Jesus sei mit euch | High/Critical | Grace / Lordship of Christ | [BASELINE — REUSED (Gnade, Herr)] | Standard Pauline benediction. |
Summary of New Critical-Risk Terms Requiring Immediate Theologian Attention
| Term | German Rendering | Chapter(s) | Reason for Critical Designation |
|---|---|---|---|
| love (agapē) | Liebe | 8, 13 | No lexical German equivalent distinguishing agapē from romantic/generic “Liebe”; the letter’s central term. |
| body of Christ (ecclesial) | der Leib Christi | 12 | Fullest NT development of the metaphor; unity/diversity balance easily distorted. |
| Lord’s Supper institution words | das Abendmahl / “Das ist mein Leib…“ | 11 | Confessionally contested (Realpräsenz/memorialism/transubstantiation), parallel to Matthew 26:26-28. |
| table of the Lord / table of demons | der Tisch des Herrn / der Tisch der Dämonen | 10 | Affirms real demonic spiritual stakes, at risk of secular-psychologizing misreading. |
| head (headship, Christ-God-husband chain) | Haupt | 11 | Household-code sensitivity (Grundgesetz Art. 3) plus Trinitarian-subordination risk. |
| women should be silent | die Frauen sollen in der Gemeinde schweigen | 14 | Household-code sensitivity plus genuine manuscript-placement textual question. |
| the Rock was Christ | der Fels aber war Christus | 10 | Pre-existence/deity of Christ claim embedded in OT typology. |
| firstfruits / last Adam / natural-spiritual body / perishable-imperishable / sting of death | Erstling / letzter Adam / natürlicher–geistlicher Leib / verweslich–unverweslich / Stachel des Todes | 15 | Core resurrection-of-believers vocabulary; each term individually load-bearing for bodily resurrection doctrine. |
| died for our sins / worked harder (grace clause) | starb für unsere Sünden / habe ich mich mehr angestrengt | 15 (core passage) | Substitutionary atonement and Werkgerechtigkeit-guard respectively. |
End of glossary. This document, together with analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, forms the required input for Phase 1 Step 2 (doctrine risk registry extension) and must be loaded alongside the baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json before any Phase 2 translation of 1 Corinthians begins.
Critical Risk Terms
Anathema
Approved rendering: verflucht
Transliteration: verflucht
Doctrine: The True Gospel versus False Gospels
Rejected alternatives: im Unrecht (merely mistaken)
Inherited from Galatians package, unchanged. Reused verbatim at 16:22 (‘wer den Herrn nicht liebt, der sei verflucht’), directing the same solemn curse-formula against anyone lacking love for the Lord; never softened.
Body Of Christ Ecclesial
Approved rendering: der Leib Christi
Transliteration: der Leib Christi
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα Χριστοῦ
Category: Church
NEW. The church as a single, interdependent organism with Christ as head, each believer a functioning member — the chapter’s central ecclesiological metaphor. Must preserve both genuine diversity and genuine unity without collapsing into either uniformity or fragmentation. 1 Corinthians 12:12-27.
Carnal Fleshly Believers
Approved rendering: fleischlich
Transliteration: fleischlich
Doctrine: The Church as God’s Temple and Foundation
Original: σαρκικός
Category: Flesh and Spirit
NEW adjective form of the baseline Fleisch. Believers still governed by the sinful nature though genuinely converted, evidenced by factionalism; must be disambiguated from a neutral bodily sense on first occurrence, exactly as required for Galatians. 1 Corinthians 3:1,3.
Christ Crucified
Approved rendering: der gekreuzigte Christus
Transliteration: der gekreuzigte Christus
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: Χριστὸν ἐσταυρωμένον
Category: The Cross
NEW. Perfect-tense, abiding scandal of a crucified Messiah, the center of apostolic proclamation. Must retain the scandal rather than smoothing into a generic reference to Christ’s death. 1 Corinthians 1:18-31; 2:2.
Died For Our Sins
Approved rendering: starb für unsere Sünden
Transliteration: starb für unsere Sünden
Doctrine: The Cross as Substitutionary Atonement
Rejected alternatives: starb wegen unserer Sünden (weakens the substitutionary force)
Original: ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν
Category: Salvation
NEW. Christ’s substitutionary, vicarious death for sinners’ guilt, the first clause of the fixed apostolic creed. The substitutionary force of Greek ‘hyper’ must not be flattened into a merely sympathetic or exemplary death. 1 Corinthians 15:3.
Examine And Discern The Body
Approved rendering: sich selbst prüfen / den Leib unterscheiden
Transliteration: sich selbst prüfen / den Leib unterscheiden
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: δοκιμάζειν ἑαυτόν / διακρίνων τὸ σῶμα
Category: The Lord’s Supper
NEW. Self-examination before participation and rightly perceiving the significance of ‘the body’ — a genuinely disputed exegetical question (Christ’s sacramental body vs. the gathered church). Flag the ambiguity for theologian review without adjudicating it in the translated text. 1 Corinthians 11:27-29.
Faith Hope Love
Approved rendering: Glaube, Hoffnung, Liebe; die größte aber ist die Liebe
Transliteration: Glaube, Hoffnung, Liebe; die größte aber ist die Liebe
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: πίστις, ἐλπίς, ἀγάπη
Category: Love
NEW triad reusing the baseline Glaube exactly and introducing Hoffnung alongside the Critical-risk Liebe. The three enduring theological virtues, with love identified as supreme and permanent. 1 Corinthians 13:13.
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: Erstling / Erstlingsfrucht
Transliteration: Erstling / Erstlingsfrucht
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἀπαρχή
Category: Resurrection
NEW. The initial portion of a harvest that guarantees and represents the whole crop to come. The guarantee-relationship (causal, not merely sequential) must be preserved explicitly, always paired with explicit guarantee-language rather than left as a bare, merely sequential noun. 1 Corinthians 15:20,23.
Flesh
Approved rendering: Fleisch
Transliteration: Fleisch
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for the adjective ‘fleischlich’ (3:1,3, see carnal_fleshly_believers below) and the neutral bodily sense at 5:5, 6:16, 15:39,50; disambiguate the two senses explicitly on first occurrence per the existing Galatians discipline.
Freedom
Approved rendering: Freiheit
Transliteration: Freiheit
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Inherited from Galatians package, unchanged. Must be kept behind a hard terminological wall from this letter’s distinct ‘Recht/Vollmacht’ (exousia, ch.9, see apostolic_right below) and from 7:21-22’s ‘frei’ (social/legal free status, a different sense again from Christ-given constitutive liberty); never used interchangeably with either.
Head
Approved rendering: Haupt
Transliteration: Haupt
Doctrine: Christ’s Supremacy and Headship
Inherited from Ephesians package, unchanged. Reused at 11:3’s Christ-God-husband headship chain; carries the full mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review discipline established for the Ephesians/Colossians household codes, plus a Trinitarian-subordination risk unique to the Christ-God clause here (see headship_kephale below for the 1 Corinthians-specific context note).
Headship Kephale
Approved rendering: Haupt
Transliteration: Haupt
Doctrine: Order in Worship: Headship and Head Covering
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Order in Worship
NEW context for the baseline Haupt term. Headship/source relationship applied successively to Christ-and-God and husband-and-wife in the same passage; carries the full mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review discipline from the Ephesians household codes, plus a distinct Trinitarian-subordination risk specific to the Christ-God ‘head’ relationship here. 1 Corinthians 11:3.
If Christ Not Raised
Approved rendering: Ist aber Christus nicht auferstanden, so ist unsere Predigt vergeblich
Transliteration: Ist aber Christus nicht auferstanden, so ist unsere Predigt vergeblich
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: εἰ δὲ Χριστὸς οὐκ ἐγήγερται
Category: Resurrection
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Auferstehung exactly. Paul’s hypothetical reductio establishing the resurrection as the non-negotiable center of the gospel content. 1 Corinthians 15:14-19.
Judged By The Lord Alone
Approved rendering: der Herr ist es, der mich richtet
Transliteration: der Herr ist es, der mich richtet
Doctrine: The Lordship of Christ in Ministry Accountability
Original: ὁ … ἀνακρίνων με κύριός ἐστιν
Category: Christology
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Herr exactly. Final accountability for ministry belongs to Christ alone, undercutting factional human judgment of ministers; carries the full Critical lordship-of-Christ discipline. 1 Corinthians 4:3-5.
Justification
Approved rendering: Rechtfertigung
Transliteration: Rechtfertigung
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Erlösung (distinct concept)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Grounds 6:11’s ‘gerecht gemacht’ (see washed_sanctified_justified below); must never drift toward an infused-grace-process reading.
Last Adam First Adam
Approved rendering: der letzte Adam / der erste Adam
Transliteration: der letzte Adam / der erste Adam
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ / ὁ πρῶτος Ἀδάμ
Category: Resurrection
NEW. Typological contrast between humanity’s fall in Adam and humanity’s resurrection life in Christ, paralleling Romans 5:12-21. Must retain the typological, representative-headship logic rather than a merely biographical comparison. 1 Corinthians 15:22,45.
Lord
Approved rendering: Herr
Transliteration: Herr
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Meister, Chef
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Heavily used throughout; carries the same everyday-‘Mr.’ perceptual-flattening risk at every occurrence, most acutely at 4:5’s ‘der Herr ist es, der mich richtet’ and the Christ-God ‘head’ chain of 11:3.
Lords Supper Institution 1cor
Approved rendering: das Abendmahl / das Herrenmahl; “Das ist mein Leib… dies tut zu meinem Gedächtnis.”
Transliteration: das Abendmahl / das Herrenmahl; “Das ist mein Leib… dies tut zu meinem Gedächtnis.”
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: Eucharistie (tilts toward Catholic/liturgical register), Gedächtnismahl (tilts toward memorialist-only reading)
Original: κυριακὸν δεῖπνον / τοῦτο … ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου
Category: The Lord’s Supper
NEW. Paul’s own received-tradition account of the words of institution; among the most confessionally contested texts in German Christian tradition (Realpräsenz/memorialism/transubstantiation). Rendered exactly per source text, flagged not adjudicated, per the Matthew 26:26-28 discipline; must render consistently with that baseline phrase. Use ‘Abendmahl’ as the primary neutral cross-confessional label, ‘Herrenmahl’ as an acceptable Free-church-register alternative. 1 Corinthians 11:23-26.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: Liebe
Transliteration: Liebe
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Rejected alternatives: Agape (transliterated loanword has no living currency in general German devotional usage; would create an artificial academic register mismatch)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Love
NEW — highest-priority new term in this package. Self-giving, other-centered, willed love, distinct from erōs and philia. German ‘Liebe’ is the single generic word for romantic, familial, and casual senses, with no lexical marker for agapē’s distinct character. Every occurrence requires the behavioral context of vv.4-7 attached in the same teaching unit; mandatory theologian review for every occurrence. 1 Corinthians 8:1; 13:1-13; 14:1; 16:14,22,24.
Natural Body Spiritual Body
Approved rendering: natürlicher Leib / geistlicher Leib
Transliteration: natürlicher Leib / geistlicher Leib
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: σῶμα ψυχικόν / σῶμα πνευματικόν
Category: Resurrection
NEW. The present, mortal, Adam-patterned body vs. the future, immortal, Spirit-empowered resurrection body — two modes of genuine embodiment, not physical-vs.-non-physical. ‘Geistlich’ must not be misread as ‘immateriell’; mandate a co-occurring gloss on first use. Directly countered against Watchtower/NWT non-bodily-resurrection proof-texting documented in the translation landscape analysis. 1 Corinthians 15:44.
One Spirit One Baptism One Body
Approved rendering: ein Geist / in einen Leib getauft
Transliteration: ein Geist / in einen Leib getauft
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: ἓν πνεῦμα / εἰς ἓν σῶμα ἐβαπτίσθημεν
Category: Church
NEW, echoing the baseline sevenfold_unity discipline exactly. The Spirit’s work uniting believers of diverse background into a single body through one baptism; retain unqualified unity language without softening. 1 Corinthians 12:13.
Perishable Imperishable
Approved rendering: verweslich / unverweslich
Transliteration: verweslich / unverweslich
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: φθαρτόν / ἄφθαρτον
Category: Resurrection
NEW. Mortality and decay vs. permanent, undecaying resurrection existence. Ties directly to chapter 9’s imperishable-wreath imagery — keep vocabulary consistent. 1 Corinthians 15:42,50-54.
Raised Third Day
Approved rendering: ist auferstanden
Transliteration: ist auferstanden
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: auferstand (loses the perfect-tense abiding-result force)
Original: ἐγήγερται
Category: Resurrection
NEW phrase built on the baseline Auferstehung root. Perfect-tense verb affirming Christ’s bodily resurrection as a completed act with a continuing, present abiding result; use this present-perfect construction consistently throughout chapter 15’s argument. 1 Corinthians 15:4.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Gerechtigkeit
Transliteration: Gerechtigkeit
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Tugend
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies 1:30 (‘Christus… unsere Gerechtigkeit’) and the forensic sense of ‘gerecht gemacht’ in the washed/sanctified/justified triad of 6:11.
Rock Was Christ
Approved rendering: der Fels aber war Christus
Transliteration: der Fels aber war Christus
Doctrine: The Real Spiritual Stakes of Idolatry and the Lord’s Table
Original: ἡ πέτρα … ἦν ὁ Χριστός
Category: Christology
NEW. Retrospective typological identification of Christ with the wilderness rock (Exodus 17/Numbers 20), affirming his real pre-existent activity in OT history; must not be read as merely symbolic naming with no ontological claim. 1 Corinthians 10:4.
Sevenfold Unity
Approved rendering: ein Leib, ein Geist, ein Herr, ein Glaube, eine Taufe, ein Gott und Vater aller
Transliteration: ein Leib, ein Geist, ein Herr, ein Glaube, eine Taufe, ein Gott und Vater aller
Doctrine: Unity of the Spirit
Inherited from Ephesians package, unchanged. Directly echoed and reinforced by 1 Corinthians 12:13’s ‘ein Geist… in einen Leib getauft’ (see one_spirit_one_baptism_one_body below); this echo must retain the same unqualified-unity discipline.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Sohn Gottes
Transliteration: Sohn Gottes
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Directly relevant to 15:24-28’s ‘the Son himself will also be subjected’ — a passage documented in the translation landscape analysis as a Watchtower/NWT subordinationist proof-text (alongside 11:3’s headship chain) for a created, lesser Christ. The eternal, co-equal Sonship discipline must be explicitly maintained in teaching material accompanying this passage.
Sting Of Death Victory
Approved rendering: der Stachel des Todes / der Sieg
Transliteration: der Stachel des Todes / der Sieg
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: τὸ κέντρον τοῦ θανάτου / νῖκος
Category: Resurrection
NEW. Death personified as a defeated, now-harmless enemy in the chapter’s climactic doxological celebration, quoting Hosea 13:14/Isaiah 25:8. Retain the triumphant, direct-address rhetorical force. 1 Corinthians 15:54-57.
Table Of The Lord And Demons
Approved rendering: der Tisch des Herrn / der Tisch der Dämonen
Transliteration: der Tisch des Herrn / der Tisch der Dämonen
Doctrine: The Real Spiritual Stakes of Idolatry and the Lord’s Table
Original: τράπεζα κυρίου / τράπεζα δαιμονίων
Category: The Lord’s Supper
NEW. Exclusive, incompatible cultic participation; must retain real spiritual stakes — the passage affirms objective demonic reality behind idolatry, which a religiously skeptical, historisch-kritisch-influenced German readership may be tempted to psychologize away. 1 Corinthians 10:14-22.
Washed Sanctified Justified
Approved rendering: gewaschen, geheiligt, gerecht gemacht
Transliteration: gewaschen, geheiligt, gerecht gemacht
Doctrine: Washed, Sanctified, Justified: The Believer’s New Identity
Original: ἀπελούσασθε, ἡγιάσθητε, ἐδικαιώθητε
Category: Salvation
NEW triad phrase reusing the baseline Heiligung and Rechtfertigung roots. Threefold description of conversion: cleansing, Spirit-set-apartness, and forensic right standing; must not be read as two names for one process, and ‘gerecht gemacht’ must not drift toward an infused-grace-process reading. 1 Corinthians 6:11.
Women Silent In Churches
Approved rendering: die Frauen sollen in der Gemeinde schweigen
Transliteration: die Frauen sollen in der Gemeinde schweigen
Doctrine: Tongues, Prophecy, and Gender Order in Worship
Original: αἱ γυναῖκες … σιγάτωσαν
Category: Order in Worship
NEW. A contested instruction whose scope, occasion, and manuscript placement are genuinely disputed. Carries the same mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review discipline as the Ephesians/Colossians household codes and this letter’s own chapter 11, given Germany’s constitutional marital/gender-equality commitment (Grundgesetz Art. 3); the manuscript-placement variation must be transparently noted, not silently harmonized. 1 Corinthians 14:34-35.
Worked Harder Grace Clause
Approved rendering: habe ich mich mehr angestrengt
Transliteration: habe ich mich mehr angestrengt
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship as a Trophy of Grace
Original: περισσότερον … ἐκοπίασα
Category: Grace
NEW. Classic Werkgerechtigkeit trap; must remain bound in the same teaching unit to its self-correcting clause (‘nicht ich, sondern die Gnade Gottes’), exactly as required for Philippians 2:12-13 and Ephesians 2:9-10. German pietistic-achievement culture (Fleiß as virtue) makes this phrase unusually liable to be quoted approvingly on its own. 1 Corinthians 15:10.
High Risk Terms
Apostolic Right
Approved rendering: Recht / Vollmacht
Transliteration: Recht / Vollmacht
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: Freiheit (would conflate with the baseline’s distinct Critical term for eleutheria)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christian Liberty
NEW. Paul’s legitimate apostolic entitlement to material support, voluntarily forgone for the gospel’s sake. Must NOT be conflated with or rendered as ‘Freiheit’; a waivable entitlement, distinct from Christ-given constitutive liberty. 1 Corinthians 9:4-18.
Baptism For The Dead
Approved rendering: die Taufe für die Toten
Transliteration: die Taufe für die Toten
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: βαπτιζόμενοι ὑπὲρ τῶν νεκρῶν
Category: Resurrection
NEW. An obscure Corinthian practice Paul references without endorsing or fully explaining. Teaching material must transparently note the verse’s genuine exegetical obscurity and explicitly disclaim any warrant it might lend to later proxy-baptism practices (LDS) or New Apostolic Church post-mortem-evangelization doctrine, per the translation landscape analysis. 1 Corinthians 15:29.
Being Saved Ongoing
Approved rendering: werdet gerettet
Transliteration: werdet gerettet
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: selig werden (reopens the Heil/Seligsprechung risk documented for the baseline and the Matthew package)
Original: σῴζεσθε
Category: Salvation
NEW. Present passive describing an ongoing, continuing state of salvation grounded in the gospel already received. Uses the baseline Rettung root; the present-passive ongoing aspect must not be flattened into a single completed past act. 1 Corinthians 15:2.
Body Temple Of Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: euer Leib ist ein Tempel des Heiligen Geistes
Transliteration: euer Leib ist ein Tempel des Heiligen Geistes
Doctrine: Washed, Sanctified, Justified: The Believer’s New Identity
Original: τὸ σῶμα ναὸς τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματός
Category: Sanctification
NEW. The individual believer’s body as the Spirit’s dwelling place; must be explicitly distinguished from chapter 3’s corporate temple sense. 1 Corinthians 6:19-20.
Bought With A Price
Approved rendering: um einen Preis erkauft
Transliteration: um einen Preis erkauft
Doctrine: Washed, Sanctified, Justified: The Believer’s New Identity
Original: ἠγοράσθητε τιμῆς
Category: Salvation
NEW. Believers as purchased possessions of Christ through his atoning death. Keep the commercial metaphor concrete, consistent with the Colossians certificate-of-debt discipline. 1 Corinthians 6:20; 7:23.
Calling Of The Lowly
Approved rendering: Berufung / berufen
Transliteration: Berufung / berufen
Doctrine: Divine Calling of the Socially Insignificant
Original: κλῆσις / κλητός
Category: Divine Calling
NEW context for the baseline Berufung/berufen root. God’s sovereign summons of ‘not many wise, not many powerful,’ bypassing worldly status categories; must not be confused with vocational calling or legal appeal in this specific application. 1 Corinthians 1:26-31.
Church Of God Persecuted
Approved rendering: die Gemeinde Gottes
Transliteration: die Gemeinde Gottes
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship as a Trophy of Grace
Original: τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Church
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Gemeinde exactly. The corporate early Christian community Paul persecuted before his conversion; frame as specific first-century intra-Jewish religious conflict, never a false equivalence with later European antisemitic violence. 1 Corinthians 15:9.
Church
Approved rendering: Gemeinde
Transliteration: Gemeinde
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: Kirche (institution-default)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used throughout, including ‘die Gemeinde Gottes’ (1:2, 10:32, 11:22, 15:9) and ‘der Leib Christi’ as its central chapter-12 image (see body_of_christ_ecclesial below).
Collection For The Saints
Approved rendering: die Sammlung für die Heiligen
Transliteration: die Sammlung für die Heiligen
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles: The Jerusalem Collection
Original: λογεία εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους
Category: Church
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Heilige exactly. Organized material relief gathered from Gentile churches for the Jerusalem church, a concrete expression of Jew-Gentile unity. 1 Corinthians 16:1-4.
Cup And Bread Participation
Approved rendering: Gemeinschaft
Transliteration: Gemeinschaft
Doctrine: The Real Spiritual Stakes of Idolatry and the Lord’s Table
Original: κοινωνία
Category: The Lord’s Supper
NEW, elevated-risk use of the baseline Gemeinschaft term. Shared participation in the body and blood of Christ through the cup and bread — the most theologically concentrated sacramental use of koinōnia in the letter; directly engages the German confessional Real Presence divide (Lutheran/Reformed/Catholic). 1 Corinthians 10:16.
Disqualified
Approved rendering: verwerflich / untauglich
Transliteration: verwerflich / untauglich
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Ministerial Reward
Original: ἀδόκιμος
Category: Assurance of Salvation
NEW. Athletic disqualification metaphor applied to ministerial integrity; must not be read as contradicting the assurance-of-salvation doctrine — the concern is disqualification from the race/reward, not loss of salvation itself. 1 Corinthians 9:27.
Divisions Factions
Approved rendering: Spaltungen
Transliteration: Spaltungen
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Rejected alternatives: Parteien (imports contemporary German party-political connotations)
Original: σχίσματα
Category: Church
NEW. Splits and party-strife along personality-cult lines (Paul/Apollos/Cephas/Christ). 1 Corinthians 1:10-17; 3:1-9; 11:17-22.
Fire Will Test Ministry
Approved rendering: das Feuer wird prüfen
Transliteration: das Feuer wird prüfen
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Ministerial Reward
Original: πῦρ δοκιμάσει
Category: Church Discipline
NEW. Eschatological testing of ministers’ work quality, distinct from the security of their salvation (‘he himself will be saved’). Carries incidental surface resemblance to Catholic purgatorial imagery — flag for reviewer awareness though the passage concerns ministry reward, not salvation’s ground; must not threaten Luther’s own Heilsgewissheit concern. 1 Corinthians 3:13-15.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: Heiden
Transliteration: Heiden
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 1 Corinthians more often uses ‘Griechen’ (Greeks) than ‘Heiden’ for the non-Jewish party (1:22-24; 10:32; 12:13); translators must not default to ‘Heiden’ where the source text specifically names ‘Griechen,’ but the doctrine’s Jew/Gentile-unity sensitivity applies equally to both terms per the baseline’s historical-sensitivity rule.
Gift List Tongues Wisdom Knowledge
Approved rendering: Zungenrede, Auslegung der Zungenrede, Unterscheidung der Geister, Wort der Weisheit, Wort der Erkenntnis
Transliteration: Zungenrede, Auslegung der Zungenrede, Unterscheidung der Geister, Wort der Weisheit, Wort der Erkenntnis
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘Zungen’ (jarring body-part literalism), ‘Sprachen’ alone (prematurely resolves the tongues-as-foreign-languages exegetical question)
Original: γλῶσσαι, ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν, διάκρισις πνευμάτων, λόγος σοφίας, λόγος γνώσεως
Category: Spiritual Gifts
NEW. The concrete gift list of 12:8-10, 28-30. ‘Zungenrede’ avoids both the body-part literalism and premature foreign-language-only reading; retain consistently across chapters 12-14. Charismatic/cessationist divide at its most concrete here.
Grace And Lordship Benediction
Approved rendering: die Gnade des Herrn Jesus sei mit euch
Transliteration: die Gnade des Herrn Jesus sei mit euch
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ μεθ’ ὑμῶν
Category: Grace
NEW closing phrase reusing the baseline Gnade and Herr exactly. Standard Pauline epistolary benediction invoking both grace and Christ’s lordship. 1 Corinthians 16:23.
Grace
Approved rendering: Gnade
Transliteration: Gnade
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: Barmherzigkeit, Wohlwollen
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Repeated three times in 15:10 as the sole explanation for Paul’s apostleship and ministry; must directly guard the following ‘ich habe mich mehr angestrengt’ clause against a Werkgerechtigkeit misreading. Also anchors the closing benediction (16:23).
Hand Over To Satan
Approved rendering: dem Satan übergeben
Transliteration: dem Satan übergeben
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: παραδοῦναι τῷ Σατανᾷ
Category: Church Discipline
NEW. Formal excommunicative church discipline aimed at the offender’s ultimate restoration and salvation, never vindictive punishment or a claim of definite eternal loss. Landeskirche-formed readers may otherwise associate this with an unfamiliar, alarming procedure. 1 Corinthians 5:5.
Head Covering
Approved rendering: Kopfbedeckung / Schleier
Transliteration: Kopfbedeckung / Schleier
Doctrine: Order in Worship: Headship and Head Covering
Original: κατακαλύπτεσθαι / περιβόλαιον
Category: Order in Worship
NEW. First-century cultural practice of head-covering in worship. Contemporary German public discourse around religious head-covering (Kopftuchdebatte, Islamic veiling) makes this vocabulary unusually live; keep anchored in first-century Corinthian context, clearly distinguished from the unrelated contemporary debate. 1 Corinthians 11:4-15.
Idol
Approved rendering: Götze / Götzenbild
Transliteration: Götze / Götzenbild
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: Idol (contemporary German loanword: celebrity/pop-culture worship, e.g. ‘Deutschland sucht den Superstar’)
Original: εἴδωλον
Category: Christian Liberty
NEW. A manufactured cult image with no independent divine reality in itself, though real demonic activity lies behind idol worship (see ch.10). Never use the bare loanword ‘Idol’ under any circumstance. 1 Corinthians 8:4-7; 10:19-20; 12:2.
Joined To The Lord
Approved rendering: mit dem Herrn verbunden
Transliteration: mit dem Herrn verbunden
Doctrine: Washed, Sanctified, Justified: The Believer’s New Identity
Original: κολλώμενος τῷ κυρίῳ
Category: Christian Identity in Christ
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Herr. Intimate spiritual union with Christ, contrasted with sexual union with a prostitute. 1 Corinthians 6:17.
Knowledge Puffs Up Love Builds Up
Approved rendering: die Erkenntnis bläst auf, die Liebe baut auf
Transliteration: die Erkenntnis bläst auf, die Liebe baut auf
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: ἡ γνῶσις φυσιοῖ, ἡ ἀγάπη οἰκοδομεῖ
Category: Love
NEW. Contrast between prideful intellectual assertion and other-centered, constructive love; anticipates chapter 13’s Critical-risk Liebe vocabulary and must be flagged as a forward link, not pre-resolved here. 1 Corinthians 8:1.
Law
Approved rendering: Gesetz
Transliteration: Gesetz
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 9:8-9,20 and 14:21,34.
Mirror Dimly
Approved rendering: wir sehen jetzt durch einen Spiegel in einem dunklen Wort
Transliteration: wir sehen jetzt durch einen Spiegel in einem dunklen Wort
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: δι’ ἐσόπτρου ἐν αἰνίγματι
Category: Love
NEW. Famous epistemological statement on the incompleteness of present spiritual knowledge; must match the traditional Lutherbibel phrasing exactly given its status as one of the best-known phrases from this letter in German devotional and literary culture. 1 Corinthians 13:12.
Mutual Marital Authority
Approved rendering: eheliche Pflicht / Verfügungsrecht über den Leib
Transliteration: eheliche Pflicht / Verfügungsrecht über den Leib
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: ὀφειλή / ἐξουσιάζειν τοῦ σώματος
Category: Marriage and Singleness
NEW. Mutual marital obligation and reciprocal (not one-sided) bodily authority within marriage; highlight the deliberate mutuality (identical language for husband and wife), paralleling the Ephesians 5:21 mutual-submission framing. 1 Corinthians 7:3-4.
Mystery Of Christ
Approved rendering: Geheimnis
Transliteration: Geheimnis
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ
Inherited from Ephesians package, unchanged. Reused at 2:1,7 (God’s wisdom in a mystery), 4:1 (‘Verwalter der Geheimnisse Gottes,’ see stewards_of_the_mysteries below), 13:2, and 15:51 (‘siehe, ich sage euch ein Geheimnis,’ introducing the transformation of believers, see we_shall_be_changed below). Qualify against the lighter German ‘secret’ connotation on each occurrence.
Resurrection Appearance
Approved rendering: erschien
Transliteration: erschien
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ὤφθη
Category: Resurrection
NEW. Technical NT term for an objective, witnessed post-resurrection appearance, distinct from an ordinary sighting or subjective vision; retains adequate objective force only when the eyewitness list (vv.5-8) is kept explicit. 1 Corinthians 15:5-8.
Saints
Approved rendering: Heilige
Transliteration: die Heiligen
Doctrine: Sainthood
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 1:2 (corporate call to holiness), 6:1-2 (saints as future judges), and 16:1,15 (the Jerusalem collection for the saints); Catholic canonized-saint vs. Lutheran/Reformed all-believers fault line remains live.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Rettung
Transliteration: Rettung
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Heil (Nazi-era contamination risk), Erlösung (more existential/liberation-flavored)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for 15:2’s present-passive ‘werdet gerettet’ (ongoing salvation). ‘Heil’ remains avoided per baseline rule; do not adopt ‘selig werden,’ the older Lutherbibel/Schlachter rendering for 15:2, which risks reopening the Heil-avoidance rule through the Seligsprechung-adjacent back door documented for ‘selig’ in the Matthew package.
Spiritual Versus Natural Person
Approved rendering: geistlicher Mensch / natürlicher Mensch
Transliteration: geistlicher Mensch / natürlicher Mensch
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: πνευματικός / ψυχικός
Category: The Cross
NEW. Contrast between the Spirit-indwelt believer and the unregenerate person relying on natural human faculties alone; German ‘natürlich’ risks a merely intellectual-capacity reading. Teaching material must clarify this is a Spirit-versus-no-Spirit distinction, not an intelligence contrast. 1 Corinthians 2:14-15.
Stewards Of The Mysteries
Approved rendering: Verwalter der Geheimnisse Gottes
Transliteration: Verwalter der Geheimnisse Gottes
Doctrine: The Lordship of Christ in Ministry Accountability
Original: οἰκονόμους μυστηρίων θεοῦ
Category: Church
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Geheimnis exactly. Entrusted administrators of God’s previously-hidden, now-revealed truth, applied to apostolic office. 1 Corinthians 4:1.
Stumbling Block
Approved rendering: Anstoß / Ärgernis
Transliteration: Anstoß / Ärgernis
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: πρόσκομμα
Category: Christian Liberty
NEW. An obstacle placed in a weaker believer’s path by another’s careless exercise of liberty. 1 Corinthians 8:9,13.
Temple Of God Corporate
Approved rendering: Tempel Gottes
Transliteration: Tempel Gottes
Doctrine: The Church as God’s Temple and Foundation
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ
Category: Church
NEW. The corporate church as God’s dwelling place, distinct from chapter 6’s individual-body temple. Must be clearly labeled (‘der Tempel Gottes — die Gemeinde als Ganzes’) to avoid conflation with 6:19’s individual sense and with any implication that a physical building is meant. 1 Corinthians 3:16-17.
Tongues Versus Prophecy
Approved rendering: Zungenrede / Weissagung
Transliteration: Zungenrede / Weissagung
Doctrine: Tongues, Prophecy, and Gender Order in Worship
Original: γλῶσσαι / προφητεία
Category: Spiritual Gifts
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Weissagung for prophecy and chapter 12’s Zungenrede for tongues. Comparison of tongues and prophecy for their relative edificatory value; charismatic/cessationist divide at full force. 1 Corinthians 14:1-33.
Tradition Formula
Approved rendering: überliefert / empfangen
Transliteration: überliefert / empfangen
Doctrine: The Gospel as Received and Delivered Tradition
Original: παρέδωκα … παρελάβετε
Category: Gospel
NEW. The technical handing-down/receiving formula (paredōka/parelabon) marking 15:3-5 as fixed, pre-Pauline apostolic tradition rather than Paul’s personal improvisation. Both verbs must be rendered with matching technical-transmission force so German readers perceive the fixed-creed structure being quoted. 1 Corinthians 15:1, 3.
Untimely Born
Approved rendering: wie eine unzeitige Geburt
Transliteration: wie eine unzeitige Geburt
Doctrine: Paul’s Apostleship as a Trophy of Grace
Rejected alternatives: Fehlgeburt (clinically blunt, loses rhetorical self-deprecation)
Original: τῷ ἐκτρώματι
Category: Apostleship
NEW. Paul’s self-deprecating image of an abnormally/prematurely born child, describing the irregular, undeserved nature of his apostolic calling. Retain Luther’s traditionally direct rendering, consistent with this pipeline’s rhetorical-directness discipline (cf. Dreck/rubbish, Philippians 3:8). 1 Corinthians 15:8.
We Shall Be Changed
Approved rendering: wir werden verwandelt werden
Transliteration: wir werden verwandelt werden
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: πάντες δὲ ἀλλαγησόμεθα
Category: Resurrection
NEW phrase tied to the baseline Geheimnis term (‘siehe, ich sage euch ein Geheimnis’). Instantaneous, universal transformation of believers at the resurrection. 1 Corinthians 15:51-52.
Weak Conscience
Approved rendering: schwaches Gewissen
Transliteration: schwaches Gewissen
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: ἡ συνείδησις ἀσθενής
Category: Christian Liberty
NEW. A fellow believer’s morally sensitive but under-informed conscience. German ‘Gewissen’ carries strong Kantian autonomous-rational-faculty resonance; gloss on first occurrence as specifically faith-formed and communally-embedded, not an isolated individual rational faculty. 1 Corinthians 8:7-12.
Medium Risk Terms
According To The Scriptures
Approved rendering: nach der Schrift
Transliteration: nach der Schrift
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: κατὰ τὰς γραφάς
Category: Covenant
NEW. Formulaic grounding of the gospel’s core claims in OT prophetic fulfillment; requires explicit OT background exposition given documented low OT literacy across German audience segments. 1 Corinthians 15:3, 4.
All Things To All People
Approved rendering: allen alles geworden
Transliteration: allen alles geworden
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: πάντα πᾶσιν γέγονα
Category: Mission
NEW. Paul’s missionary adaptability without compromising the gospel’s content. 1 Corinthians 9:19-23.
Better To Marry Than Burn
Approved rendering: es ist besser zu heiraten als in Begierde zu brennen
Transliteration: es ist besser zu heiraten als in Begierde zu brennen
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: κρεῖττον γαμῆσαι ἢ πυροῦσθαι
Category: Marriage and Singleness
NEW. Pragmatic pastoral counsel presenting marriage as a legitimate, non-shameful provision, not a spiritually inferior concession. 1 Corinthians 7:9.
Boasting Before God
Approved rendering: sich rühmen
Transliteration: sich rühmen
Doctrine: Grace
Original: καυχάομαι
Category: Grace
NEW. Pride in one’s own achievement, status, or wisdom, explicitly excluded (‘damit sich kein Mensch rühme’); continues the grace/works discipline established throughout this pipeline. 1 Corinthians 1:29,31.
Called
Approved rendering: berufen
Transliteration: berufen
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 1:1 (Paul’s apostolic calling), 1:2 (called to be saints), 1:9, 1:24, 1:26 (God’s calling of the socially insignificant), and 7:15-24 (calling in one’s life-situation).
Calling
Approved rendering: Berufung
Transliteration: Berufung
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Career/legal-appeal homonym collision risk applies with full force at 1:26 (God’s calling of ‘not many wise, not many powerful’).
Covenant
Approved rendering: Bund
Transliteration: Bund
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used in the Lord’s Supper words of institution at 11:25 (‘der neue Bund’); must render identically to the same phrase wherever it recurs across this pipeline’s Gospel packages.
Faith
Approved rendering: Glaube
Transliteration: Glaube
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: Weltanschauung
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 15:11, 15:14, 15:17 (the gospel’s content believed) and listed alongside Hoffnung and Liebe at 13:13.
Fallen Asleep
Approved rendering: entschlafen
Transliteration: entschlafen
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: gestorben (flat, loses the resurrection-hope connotation)
Original: ἐκοιμήθησαν
Category: Resurrection
NEW. Standard NT euphemism for believers’ death, presupposing resurrection certainty. Prefer the traditional German ecclesial euphemism, still current in obituaries and funeral liturgy. 1 Corinthians 15:6.
Father
Approved rendering: Vater
Transliteration: Vater
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 1:3, 8:6 (‘ein Gott, der Vater’), and 15:24.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: Gemeinschaft
Transliteration: Gemeinschaft
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for 1:9’s general fellowship sense; see the separate cup_and_bread_participation entry below for the elevated-risk sacramental use at 10:16.
Foolishness Of The Cross
Approved rendering: Torheit
Transliteration: Torheit
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: μωρία
Category: The Cross
NEW. Must be paired explicitly with ‘Weisheit Gottes’ so the deliberate paradox is not lost; under-used in ordinary German and risks reading merely comic rather than scandalous if unpaired. 1 Corinthians 1:18-25.
Gift Of Singleness
Approved rendering: Gabe / Gnadengabe
Transliteration: Gabe / Gnadengabe
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Rejected alternatives: Charisma (bare loanword, drifted to ‘personal magnetism’)
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Marriage and Singleness
NEW use of the baseline Gnadengaben root. Singleness framed, like marriage, as a Spirit-given grace-gift rather than a lesser default state; must not imply spiritual deficiency in either state. 1 Corinthians 7:7.
Glory
Approved rendering: Herrlichkeit
Transliteration: Herrlichkeit
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 2:7, 10:31, 11:7,15, and 15:40-43 (resurrection-body glory).
God Of Peace Not Confusion
Approved rendering: Gott ist nicht ein Gott der Unordnung, sondern des Friedens
Transliteration: Gott ist nicht ein Gott der Unordnung, sondern des Friedens
Doctrine: Orderly and Edifying Worship
Original: οὐ … ἀκαταστασίας … ἀλλὰ εἰρήνης
Category: Order in Worship
NEW phrase reusing the baseline Friede exactly. Orderly, non-chaotic worship reflects God’s own character. 1 Corinthians 14:33,40.
God
Approved rendering: Gott
Transliteration: Gott
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to 8:5-6’s ‘one God, the Father… one Lord, Jesus Christ,’ a passage requiring explicit Trinity-safe framing against Watchtower/NWT subordinationist proof-texting documented in the translation landscape analysis.
Greater Way
Approved rendering: der weit bessere / größere Weg
Transliteration: der weit bessere / größere Weg
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: καθ’ ὑπερβολὴν ὁδόν
Category: Love
NEW. A path surpassing all previously discussed spiritual gifts in importance, introducing chapter 13. 1 Corinthians 12:31.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: der heilige Kuss
Transliteration: der heilige Kuss
Doctrine: Practical Greetings and Closing Customs
Original: φίλημα ἅγιον
Category: Church
NEW phrase reusing the baseline heilig. A first-century greeting custom; note as culturally-bound rather than a literal contemporary liturgical prescription. 1 Corinthians 16:20.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Heiliger Geist
Transliteration: Heiliger Geist
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to 2:10-14, 3:16, 6:19, and 12:3-13; must always appear as full ‘der Heilige Geist’ or with clear contextual anchoring in the gift-list passages rather than a bare ‘Geist’ that could default to the intellectual (Geisteswissenschaft) or New-Age-spirituell sense.
Holy
Approved rendering: heilig
Transliteration: heilig
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: rein
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for 16:20’s ‘der heilige Kuss’ and for ‘Heilige’/‘Heiligung’ throughout.
Hope
Approved rendering: Hoffnung
Transliteration: Hoffnung
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Love
NEW. Confident expectation of God’s promised future, listed alongside faith and love. Stable, uncontested German biblical term; no significant collision risk. 1 Corinthians 13:13.
Idol Meat
Approved rendering: Götzenopferfleisch
Transliteration: Götzenopferfleisch
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: εἰδωλόθυτον
Category: Christian Liberty
NEW. Established Luther-tradition compound term for meat sacrificed to pagan gods, later sold in the marketplace — the central case study of chapters 8-10. 1 Corinthians 8:1,4,7,10; 10:28.
Imperishable Wreath
Approved rendering: unverweslicher Kranz
Transliteration: unverweslicher Kranz
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Ministerial Reward
Original: ἄφθαρτος στέφανος
Category: Resurrection
NEW. The eternal reward for gospel labor, contrasted with the perishable athletic laurel crown; forward link to chapter 15’s imperishability vocabulary — keep terminology consistent between the two passages. 1 Corinthians 9:25.
Israel
Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 10:18 (‘Israel nach dem Fleisch’) within the wilderness-typology warning.
Judge Inside Not Outside
Approved rendering: die drinnen / die draußen richten
Transliteration: die drinnen / die draußen richten
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: τοὺς ἔσω / τοὺς ἔξω κρίνειν
Category: Church Discipline
NEW. The church’s disciplinary authority is limited to its own members, not society at large. 1 Corinthians 5:12-13.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Reich Gottes
Transliteration: Reich Gottes
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 4:20, 6:9-10, and 15:24,50.
Lawsuits Before Unbelievers
Approved rendering: Rechtsstreitigkeiten vor Ungläubigen
Transliteration: Rechtsstreitigkeiten vor Ungläubigen
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: κρίνεσθαι ἐπὶ τῶν ἀδίκων
Category: Church
NEW. Believers taking internal disputes to secular courts rather than resolving them within the church; frame as a unity/witness failure, not a blanket prohibition on the legal system. 1 Corinthians 6:1-8.
Leaven Purity Metaphor
Approved rendering: Sauerteig
Transliteration: Sauerteig
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: ζύμη
Category: Church Discipline
NEW. Passover-leaven metaphor: unaddressed immorality corrupts the whole congregation’s purity. 1 Corinthians 5:6-8.
Marana Tha
Approved rendering: Marana tha
Transliteration: Marana tha
Doctrine: Marana Tha: The Eschatological Acclamation
Original: Μαρανα θά
Category: Eschatology
NEW. An early, spontaneous Aramaic liturgical acclamation, ‘Our Lord, come!’, preserved untranslated. Retain the transliteration per this pipeline’s established Abba-preservation precedent, with an explicit German gloss (‘unser Herr, komm!’) at first occurrence. 1 Corinthians 16:22.
Members Of The Body
Approved rendering: Glieder
Transliteration: Glieder
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: μέλη
Category: Church
NEW. Individual believers as functioning, interdependent parts of the one body. 1 Corinthians 12:14-26.
Mind Of Christ
Approved rendering: der Sinn Christi
Transliteration: der Sinn Christi
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: νοῦς Χριστοῦ
Category: The Cross
NEW. Shared perspective, disposition, and discernment believers receive through the Spirit; must not flatten to generic empathy. 1 Corinthians 2:16.
Mission
Approved rendering: Mission
Transliteration: Mission
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Contextually relevant to 9:19-23’s ‘allen alles geworden’ (see all_things_to_all_people below), Paul’s model of adaptable, sacrificial evangelism.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Kraft Gottes
Transliteration: Kraft Gottes
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Same phrase as Romans 1:16, reused at 1:18,24 (the cross as God’s power) and 2:5, 6:14.
Present Form Passing Away
Approved rendering: die Gestalt dieser Welt vergeht
Transliteration: die Gestalt dieser Welt vergeht
Doctrine: The Present Form of This World Is Passing Away
Original: παράγει τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ κόσμου τούτου
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Grounds Paul’s marriage counsel in eschatological urgency, not asceticism for its own sake; must not be read as world-denying asceticism. 1 Corinthians 7:29-31.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: Auferstehung
Transliteration: Auferstehung
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged; risk is elevated to Critical in this curriculum’s doctrine registry given chapter 15’s cumulative argument. Root for ‘ist auferstanden’ throughout 15:1-58; no competing reincarnation folk-concept in German culture, but German historical-critical academic theology (Bultmann’s Osterglaube reframing) is a live, German-specific interpretive risk documented in the translation landscape analysis.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: Heiligung
Transliteration: Heiligung
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to the 6:11 washed/sanctified/justified triad (‘geheiligt’); must not collapse into a synonym of ‘gerecht gemacht.‘
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: Unzucht
Transliteration: Unzucht
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: Hurerei (now perceived as crude/archaic register)
Original: πορνεία
Category: Church Discipline
NEW. Unlawful sexual activity broadly, here specifically the case of a man with his father’s wife. Register choice for formal, non-archaic tone. 1 Corinthians 5:1.
Sin
Approved rendering: Sünde
Transliteration: Sünde
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to the creedal core at 15:3 (‘starb für unsere Sünden’) and to 15:17, 15:56, and 6:18.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: Gnadengaben
Transliteration: Gnadengaben
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: geistliche Gaben (looser), Charisma (bare loanword, drifted to ‘personal magnetism’ in secular German)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged; risk elevated to Critical in this curriculum’s doctrine registry given chapters 12-14’s fullest NT treatment. Root for both the singleness-as-charisma sense (7:7) and the gift-list sense (12:1-31, 14:1-40). The German Pentecostal/Freikirche continuationist vs. Landeskirche cessationist-leaning divide is at its most concrete here.
Types And Examples
Approved rendering: Vorbilder / Beispiele
Transliteration: Vorbilder / Beispiele
Doctrine: Typological Warning from Israel’s Wilderness History
Original: τύποι
Category: Fulfillment of Prophecy
NEW. OT Israel’s wilderness history functioning typologically as patterns warning the church; requires OT narrative background exposition given documented low OT literacy across German audience segments. 1 Corinthians 10:1-11.
Worldly Wisdom
Approved rendering: Weisheit
Transliteration: Weisheit
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: σοφία
Category: The Cross
NEW. Germany’s exceptionally high cultural regard for philosophical wisdom (Kant, Hegel, German Idealism) risks a domesticating or blanket-anti-intellectual misreading; Paul’s target is human wisdom’s inadequacy for salvation, not intellectual inquiry as such. Always qualify as ‘menschliche Weisheit’ vs. ‘die Weisheit Gottes.’ 1 Corinthians 1:18-2:16.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: Apostel
Transliteration: Apostel
Doctrine: Apostleship
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Heavily used throughout (1:1, 9:1-2, 12:28-29, 15:7,9); must remain anchored to the first-century, foundational, non-repeatable apostolic office and never left open to a continuing-office reading (see New Apostolic Church doctrinal-framing risk documented in the translation landscape analysis).
Edification Building Up
Approved rendering: Erbauung / Aufbau
Transliteration: Erbauung / Aufbau
Doctrine: Orderly and Edifying Worship
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Order in Worship
NEW use of the baseline mutual_edification term. The goal of all exercised spiritual gifts in corporate worship: strengthening the whole church, not self-display. 1 Corinthians 14:3-5,12,26.
Gospel
Approved rendering: Evangelium
Transliteration: Evangelium
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Gospel
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In 1 Corinthians 15:1 this term anchors the fixed apostolic tradition-formula of 15:3-5; the term itself remains Low risk, but the creedal content it introduces is the letter’s highest doctrinal stake.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jesus
Transliteration: Jesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged.
Marriage
Approved rendering: Ehe
Transliteration: Ehe
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: γάμος
Category: Marriage and Singleness
NEW. The marital union and institution, addressed by Paul as good but not obligatory. 1 Corinthians 7:1-40.
Ministry Foundation
Approved rendering: Fundament / Grundlage
Transliteration: Fundament / Grundlage
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Church
NEW. Christ alone as the fixed, singular starting point on which all ministry is built. 1 Corinthians 3:10-11.
Peace
Approved rendering: Friede
Transliteration: Friede
Doctrine: Peace with God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for 14:33’s ‘Gott ist nicht ein Gott der Unordnung, sondern des Friedens.‘
Prophecy
Approved rendering: Weissagung
Transliteration: Weissagung
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, BUT flagged for a genuine sense-shift in this letter: the Romans baseline’s ‘Weissagung’ names OT predictive fulfillment (per 15:3-4’s ‘nach der Schrift’), while chapters 12-14 use the same German word for the New Testament charismatic gift of prophecy (12:10; 13:2,8; 14:1-40, see tongues_versus_prophecy below). Both senses share the German rendering but are doctrinally distinct; teaching material must disambiguate by context on each occurrence.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: Danksagung
Transliteration: Danksagung
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used at 1:4 and 14:16-18.
Referenced passages