Core Glossary

08 Core Glossary — 2 Peter (English/Koine Greek → German)

This glossary catalogs every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by chapter of first occurrence. Terms marked [Baseline reuse] already exist in the Romans Language Package translation_memory.json and MUST be rendered exactly as recorded there; this glossary repeats their established German rendering and risk tier for reference only and does not alter them. Terms marked [NEW] are proposed additions to translation memory for this curriculum and require the review routing indicated before being locked in.

Risk tiers follow the baseline’s definitions exactly:

Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; mandatory human theologian review, every occurrence.
High — significant theological confusion or denominational-conflation risk; mandatory human theologian review.
Medium — reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
Low — minor imprecision; automated review sufficient.

Chapter 1 (including core passage 1:16–21)

#	Term (EN)	Greek Original	Transliteration	German Rendering	Risk	Status	Doctrine	Citation	Notes
1	apostle	ἀπόστολος	apostolos	Apostel	Low	[Baseline reuse]	Apostleship	1:1	Standard, stable
2	faith	πίστις	pistis	Glaube	Medium	[Baseline reuse]	Faith	1:1, 1:5	Personal trust, not generic belief
3	faith of equal standing	ἰσότιμος πίστις	isotimos pistis	gleich kostbarer Glaube	Medium	[NEW]	Faith	1:1	Egalitarian nuance: no believer’s faith is “second-class”
4	righteousness	δικαιοσύνη	dikaiosynē	Gerechtigkeit	Critical	[Baseline reuse]	Salvation	1:1, 2:5, 2:7-8, 3:13	Forensic right-standing; NEVER “Tugend”
5	Savior	σωτήρ	sōtēr	Retter (Heiland flagged, case-by-case)	High	[NEW]	Salvation / Deity of Christ	1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18	Applied to Christ 5x, asserting deity by parallel with “God”
6	grace	χάρις	charis	Gnade	High	[Baseline reuse]	Grace	1:2, 3:18	Unmerited favor, apart from merit
7	peace	εἰρήνη	eirēnē	Friede	Low	[Baseline reuse]	Peace with God	1:2, 3:14	Relational peace, not psychological calm
8	knowledge (full/personal)	ἐπίγνωσις	epignōsis	Erkenntnis	Medium-High	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:2, 1:3, 1:8, 2:20	Personal/relational, not merely philosophical “Erkenntnis”
9	knowledge (general)	γνῶσις	gnōsis	Erkenntnis	Medium	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:5, 3:18	Distinguish contextually from ἐπίγνωσις
10	divine power	θεία δύναμις	theia dynamis	göttliche Kraft	Medium	[NEW, extends Baseline Kraft Gottes]	Divine Nature	1:3	Adjective θεῖος added to established Kraft Gottes pattern
11	divine nature, partakers of	θείας φύσεως κοινωνοί	theias physeōs koinōnoi	Teilhaber der göttlichen Natur	Critical	[NEW]	Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption	1:4	Guard against pantheistic/theosis/self-divinization misreading; moral-relational participation, not ontological absorption
12	corruption	φθορά	phthora	Verderben	Medium-High	[NEW]	Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption	1:4, 2:12, 2:19	Distinguish from ἀπώλεια (ch.3) where possible
13	lust/desire	ἐπιθυμία	epithymia	Begierde	Medium	[NEW]	Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption	1:4	Parallels but distinct from established “Fleisch”
14	virtue/excellence	ἀρετή	aretē	Tugend	Medium	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:3, 1:5	NOT subject to the baseline’s Gerechtigkeit-specific rejection of “Tugend” — this is a different Greek word
15	self-control	ἐγκράτεια	egkrateia	Selbstbeherrschung	Medium	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:6	Avoid “Enthaltsamkeit” (ascetic/celibacy overtone)
16	perseverance/endurance	ὑπομονή	hypomonē	Standhaftigkeit	Medium-High	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:6	Distinguish from μακροθυμία (ch.3); reserve “Langmut/Geduld” for the latter
17	godliness	εὐσέβεια	eusebeia	Frömmigkeit	Medium	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:3, 1:6-7, 3:11	May read old-fashioned to secular Germans; retain as established theological term
18	brotherly love	φιλαδελφία	philadelphia	Bruderliebe	Low	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:7	—
19	love	ἀγάπη	agapē	Liebe	Low	[NEW]	Growing in Christian Virtue	1:7	Culminating virtue
20	called/calling	κλῆσις	klēsis	Berufung	High	[Baseline reuse]	Divine Calling	1:10	Collides with career/legal-appeal senses; disambiguate
21	election	ἐκλογή	eklogē	Erwählung	High	[Baseline reuse]	Effectual Calling	1:10	Mandatory theologian review per baseline’s existing caution
22	glory	δόξα	doxa	Herrlichkeit	Medium	[Baseline reuse]	Deity of Christ	1:3, 1:17	Reused ONLY for God’s/Christ’s own glory — see distinct sense in ch. 2 (#39)
23	majesty	μεγαλειότης	megaleiotēs	Majestät	Medium	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	1:16	Keep distinct from Herrlichkeit (δόξα) in the same passage
24	coming/Parousia	παρουσία	parousia	Wiederkunft	Critical	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	1:16, 3:4, 3:12	Must render identically at every occurrence in the whole letter
25	eyewitnesses	ἐπόπται	epoptai	Augenzeugen	Low	[NEW]	Reliability of Scripture	1:16	—
26	beloved Son	υἱὸς ἀγαπητός	huios agapētos	geliebter Sohn	Critical	[Baseline-adjacent: Sohn Gottes]	Sonship of Christ	1:17	Direct link to established Sohn Gottes doctrine
27	well pleased	εὐδόκησα	eudokēsa	Wohlgefallen gefunden	Medium	[NEW]	Sonship of Christ	1:17	Guard against implying the Son’s favor was earned
28	holy mountain	ἅγιον ὄρος	hagion oros	heiliger Berg	Medium	[Baseline reuse: heilig]	Sanctification-adjacent	1:18	Holy because of theophany, not sacred geography
29	prophetic word	προφητικὸς λόγος	prophētikos logos	prophetisches Wort	High	[Baseline-adjacent: Weissagung]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:19	Core-doctrine term
30	more sure/confirmed	βεβαιότερον	bebaioteron	um so gewisser/fester	Critical	[NEW]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:19	Must preserve comparative (“more,” not “equally”) force
31	morning star	φωσφόρος	phōsphoros	Morgenstern	High	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	1:19	GERMAN-SPECIFIC COLLISION: identical to Luther’s Isaiah 14:12 rendering (fallen king/“Lucifer” tradition); mandatory disambiguating note at every use
32	prophecy of Scripture	προφητεία γραφῆς	prophēteia graphēs	Weissagung der Schrift	High	[Baseline reuse: Weissagung, elevated]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:20	—
33	one’s own interpretation	ἴδια ἐπίλυσις	idia epilysis	eigene Deutung/Auslegung	Critical	[NEW]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:20	Confessionally contested (magisterial authority vs. Reformation perspicuity); concerns prophecy’s origin, not readers’ interpretive rights — mandatory theologian framing
34	carried/moved by the Spirit	φερόμενοι	pheromenoi	vom Heiligen Geist getrieben	Critical	[Baseline-adjacent: Heiliger Geist]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:21	THE core verbal-inspiration prooftext; “getrieben” preferred over weaker “geführt”
35	holy men (of God)	ἅγιοι (ἀπὸ θεοῦ) ἄνθρωποι	hagioi (apo theou) anthrōpoi	heilige Menschen (von Gott)	Medium	[Baseline reuse: heilig]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	1:21	Textual variant note required (ἅγιοι vs. ἀπὸ θεοῦ)
36	slave/servant (self-designation)	δοῦλος	doulos	Knecht/Sklave	Low	[Baseline-adjacent: Sklaven]	Paul’s/Peter’s Apostleship-type doctrine	1:1	Voluntary honorific self-designation, distinct register from household-code δοῦλος
37	calling and election, made firm	κλῆσις καὶ ἐκλογή … βεβαίαν ποιεῖσθαι	klēsis kai eklogē … bebaian poieisthai	Berufung und Erwählung festmachen	High	[Baseline reuse]	Divine Calling / Effectual Calling	1:10	Confirming, not causing, election through virtue
38	tent (body)	σκήνωμα	skēnōma	Zelt (für den Leib)	Low-Medium	[NEW]	—	1:13-14	Temporary-dwelling metaphor for the body
39	departure (death)	ἔξοδος	exodos	Hinscheiden/Aufbruch	Medium	[NEW]	—	1:15	Avoid confusion with the biblical book name “2. Mose (Exodus)”; deliberate Exodus-echo worth surfacing in teaching notes

Chapter 2

#	Term (EN)	Greek Original	Transliteration	German Rendering	Risk	Status	Doctrine	Citation	Notes
40	false teachers	ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι	pseudodidaskaloi	falsche Lehrer	High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:1	Core doctrine term for the chapter
41	destructive heresies	αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας	haireseis apōleias	verderbliche Irrlehren	Medium-High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:1	Prefer “Irrlehre” over “Häresie” (avoids Inquisition-era German connotation)
42	Master (bought them)	δεσπότης	despotēs	Gebieter	Medium-High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment / Lordship of Christ	2:1	More absolute than κύριος/Herr; note the connection without collapsing the distinction
43	redeemed/bought	ἀγοράζω	agorazō	erkaufen	Medium-High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:1	Commercial redemption metaphor
44	sensuality	ἀσέλγεια	aselgeia	Zügellosigkeit	Medium	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:2, 2:7, 2:18	—
45	way of truth	ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας	hodos tēs alētheias	Weg der Wahrheit	Low-Medium	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:2	Do not conflate with John’s distinct “Weg/Wahrheit” construction
46	greed	πλεονεξία	pleonexia	Habgier	Low	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:3, 2:14	—
47	exploit/make merchandise of	ἐμπορεύομαι	emporeuomai	ausnutzen / Handel treiben mit	Medium	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:3	Keep concrete commercial metaphor
48	Tartarus (cast into)	ταρταρώσας	tartarōsas	in den Tartarus/die Unterwelt verstoßen	High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:4	Pagan Greek mythological place-name used functionally; not an endorsement of Greco-Roman cosmology
49	chains of darkness	σειραῖς ζόφου	seirais zophou	Ketten der Finsternis	Medium	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:4	Textual variant note (σειραῖς/σειροῖς) required
50	flood	κατακλυσμός	kataklysmos	Sintflut	Low	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:5	Standard established German term
51	preacher of righteousness	δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα	dikaiosynēs kēryka	Verkündiger der Gerechtigkeit	Critical	[Baseline reuse: Gerechtigkeit]	Salvation / False Teachers doctrine contrast	2:5	Noah as positive counter-model
52	righteous (Lot)	δίκαιος	dikaios	gerecht	Critical	[Baseline reuse: Gerechtigkeit family]	Salvation	2:7-8	—
53	reserved for the day of judgment	τηρεῖν εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως	tērein eis hēmeran krisin	aufbewahrt für den Tag des Gerichts	High	[NEW]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	2:4, 2:9	Connect explicitly to ch.3’s Day-of-the-Lord material
54	despising dominion/authority	κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας	kyriotētos kataphronountas	die Herrschaft verachten	Medium	[NEW, extends Baseline Herr]	Lordship of Christ	2:10	Noun-form extension of established κύριος/Herr
55	blaspheming glories	δόξας βλασφημοῦντες	doxas blasphēmountes	Hoheiten/Mächte lästern	Medium-High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:10	δόξα here = created glorious/angelic beings; do NOT reuse Herrlichkeit (reserved for God’s own glory)
56	irrational animals	ἄλογα ζῷα	aloga zōa	unvernünftige Tiere	Low	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:12	—
57	will be destroyed	φθαρήσονται	phtharēsontai	werden zugrunde gehen/verderben	Medium	[NEW, extends φθορά]	Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption	2:12	Same root as φθορά (ch.1)
58	wages of unrighteousness	μισθὸς ἀδικίας	misthos adikias	Lohn der Ungerechtigkeit	Low	[NEW, extends Gerechtigkeit]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:13, 2:15	Negated Gerechtigkeit root
59	spots and blemishes	σπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι	spiloi kai mōmoi	Schand- und Schmutzflecken	Low	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:13	Metaphor, keep concrete
60	enticing (bait)	δελεάζοντες	deleazontes	verlocken/ködern	Low-Medium	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:14, 2:18	Fishing-bait image
61	freedom (false/licentious)	ἐλευθερία	eleutheria	Freiheit	Critical	[Baseline reuse]	Freedom in Christ (ironic/counterfeit use)	2:19	MUST be framed as counterfeit license, contrasted with the true Christ-given Freiheit established in the Galatians/Ephesians packages
62	slaves of corruption	δοῦλοι τῆς φθορᾶς	douloi tēs phthoras	Sklaven des Verderbens	Medium-High	[Baseline-adjacent: Sklaven]	False Teachers / Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption	2:19	Purely metaphorical moral bondage; disambiguate from literal household-slavery institution
63	turn back from the holy commandment	ἐπιστρέψαι ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας ἐντολῆς	epistrepsai ek tēs hagias entolēs	sich abwenden vom heiligen Gebot	High	[NEW]	False Teachers and Their Judgment	2:21	Contested apostasy passage; do not impose a systematic resolution

Chapter 3

#	Term (EN)	Greek Original	Transliteration	German Rendering	Risk	Status	Doctrine	Citation	Notes
64	mockers/scoffers	ἐμπαῖκται	empaiktai	Spötter	Medium	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	3:3	—
65	Where is the promise of his coming?	Ποῦ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ	Pou estin hē epaggelia tēs parousias autou	Wo ist die Verheißung seiner Wiederkunft?	Critical	[NEW, reuses Wiederkunft]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	3:4	Must reuse “Wiederkunft” identically to 1:16
66	willingly ignorant	θέλοντας λανθάνει	thelontas lanthanei	absichtlich nicht wissen wollen	Medium	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	3:5	Deliberateness must not be softened
67	reserved for fire	πυρὶ τηρούμενοι	pyri tēroumenoi	für das Feuer aufbewahrt	High	[NEW]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:7	Parallels the Flood’s water-judgment
68	destruction/perdition	ἀπώλεια	apōleia	Verderben/Untergang	High	[NEW]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:7	Distinguish from φθορά (corruption/decay, ch.1); “Untergang” preferred where the final/decisive sense needs emphasis
69	one day as a thousand years	μία ἡμέρα … ὡς χίλια ἔτη	mia hēmera … hōs chilia etē	Ein Tag … wie tausend Jahre	Medium	[NEW]	Patience of God’s Timing	3:8	Citation of Psalm 90:4; guard against speculative date-setting numerology
70	is slow/delays	βραδύνει	bradynei	zögert	High	[NEW]	Patience of God’s Timing	3:9	Must be clearly negated, not left ambiguous
71	is patient/longsuffering	μακροθυμεῖ / μακροθυμία	makrothymei / makrothymia	langmütig / Langmut	High	[NEW]	Patience of God’s Timing	3:9, 3:15	Core doctrine term; distinguish from ὑπομονή (ch.1, “Standhaftigkeit”)
72	not wanting any to perish	μὴ βουλόμενός τινας ἀπολέσθαι	mē boulomenos tinas apolesthai	er will nicht, dass jemand verlorengeht	Critical	[NEW]	Patience of God’s Timing / Election (parallels baseline caution)	3:9	Central Reformed/Lutheran-Pietist debate text on the scope of God’s saving will; do not adjudicate
73	repentance	μετάνοια	metanoia	Buße	High	[Baseline reuse]	Repentance	3:9	Confessional history flagged per baseline
74	Day of the Lord	ἡμέρα κυρίου	hēmera kyriou	der Tag des Herrn	Critical	[NEW]	The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:10	GERMAN-SPECIFIC COLLISION: also the ordinary liturgical term for Sunday; mandatory disambiguating context every occurrence
75	as a thief	ὡς κλέπτης	hōs kleptēs	wie ein Dieb	Low-Medium	[NEW]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	3:10	Widely known idiom via 1 Thess 5:2
76	elements (physical)	στοιχεῖα	stoicheia	Elemente/Grundstoffe	High	[NEW, collides with Baseline elemental_spirits]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:10, 3:12	SAME Greek word as Galatians “die Elemente der Welt” but a DIFFERENT (physical/cosmological) sense — must not import the spiritual-bondage connotation
77	will be dissolved/burned up	λυθήσεται / κατακαήσεται	lythēsetai / katakaēsetai	wird sich auflösen / wird verbrennen	Medium	[NEW]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:10-12	Textual variant: some mss read εὑρεθήσεται (“will be found”) instead of κατακαήσεται; transparent note required
78	waiting for and hastening the coming	προσδοκῶντας καὶ σπεύδοντας τὴν παρουσίαν	prosdokōntas kai speudontas tēn parousian	die Wiederkunft erwarten und beschleunigen	Medium-High	[NEW, reuses Wiederkunft]	Certainty of Christ’s Return	3:12	Guard against a Werkgerechtigkeit misreading (human effort does not force God’s timing)
79	new heavens and new earth	καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν	kainous ouranous kai gēn kainēn	neue Himmel und eine neue Erde	Medium	[NEW, thematically extends Baseline neue Schöpfung]	Day of the Lord and Final Judgment	3:13	—
80	righteousness dwells	δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ	dikaiosynē katoikei	Gerechtigkeit wohnt	Critical	[Baseline reuse: Gerechtigkeit]	Salvation	3:13	—
81	be found spotless and blameless, in peace	ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι … ἐν εἰρήνῃ	aspiloi kai amōmētoi … en eirēnē	unbefleckt und untadelig … in Frieden	Medium	[Baseline reuse: Friede]	Peace with God / Sanctification	3:14	Diligence exhortation; must not contradict grace-based salvation
82	our beloved brother Paul	ὁ ἀγαπητὸς ἡμῶν ἀδελφὸς Παῦλος	ho agapētos hēmōn adelphos Paulos	unser lieber Bruder Paulus	High	[NEW]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture	3:15	NT self-witness recognizing Pauline letters as Scripture (canon-historical significance)
83	hard to understand … twist … unstable	δυσνόητα … στρεβλοῦσιν … ἀστήρικτοι	dysnoēta … streblousin … astēriktoi	schwer zu verstehen … verdrehen … ungefestigt	Medium	[NEW]	Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture / False Teachers	3:16	Connects Scripture and false-teacher doctrines
84	grow in grace and knowledge	αὐξάνετε ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει	auxanete en chariti kai gnōsei	wachset in der Gnade und Erkenntnis	High	[Baseline reuse: Gnade]	Growing in Christian Virtue	3:18	Closing exhortation; ongoing growth as the letter’s own answer to static/counterfeit “knowledge” claims

Cross-Reference: Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline (No Modification)

German Term	Baseline Risk	2 Peter Citations
Apostel	Low	1:1
Glaube	Medium	1:1, 1:5
Gerechtigkeit	Critical	1:1, 2:5, 2:7-8, 3:13
Gnade	High	1:2, 3:18
Friede	Low	1:2, 3:14
Berufung	High	1:10
Erwählung	High	1:10
Herrlichkeit	Medium	1:3, 1:17 (God’s/Christ’s own glory only — see #55 for the distinct concrete sense)
Sohn Gottes	Critical	1:17
heilig	Medium	1:18, 1:21, 2:21
Weissagung	Low→High (elevated)	1:19-20
Heiliger Geist	Critical	1:21
Freiheit	Critical	2:19 (counterfeit/ironic use — must be framed as such)
Sklaven	High (contextual)	2:19 (metaphorical moral bondage, disambiguate from household code)
Buße	High	3:9
Herr	Critical	throughout (κύριος), plus noun-form extensions (κυριότης, δεσπότης)
neue Schöpfung	High (thematic parallel)	3:13 (“neue Himmel und eine neue Erde”)
Kraft Gottes	Medium (thematic parallel)	1:3 (“göttliche Kraft”)

Reviewer Priority Order for 2 Peter (per Glossary Enforcement Priority Order in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md)

Critical, mandatory theologian review, every occurrence: Gerechtigkeit, Sohn Gottes, Heiliger Geist, Freiheit, Herr, Wiederkunft, göttliche Natur/Teilhaber der göttlichen Natur, um so gewisser (βεβαιότερον), eigene Deutung (ἰδία ἐπίλυσις), vom Heiligen Geist getrieben, er will nicht dass jemand verlorengeht, der Tag des Herrn
High, mandatory theologian review: Gnade, Berufung, Erwählung, Buße, Retter, Morgenstern, falsche Lehrer, Tartarus, Langmut/zögert, aufbewahrt für den Tag des Gerichts, Elemente (physical sense), sich abwenden vom heiligen Gebot, unser lieber Bruder Paulus, prophetisches Wort, Weissagung der Schrift, Ausbeuten/erkaufen (δεσπότης/ἀγοράζω), Verderben/Untergang (ἀπώλεια)
Medium, native speaker review: Tugend, Selbstbeherrschung, Standhaftigkeit, Frömmigkeit, Erkenntnis (both ἐπίγνωσις/γνῶσις), Begierde, Verderben (φθορά), Zügellosigkeit, verderbliche Irrlehren, neue Himmel und neue Erde, and all remaining Medium entries above
Low, automated review sufficient: Augenzeugen, Majestät (light differentiation from Herrlichkeit noted), Bruderliebe, Liebe, Sintflut, unvernünftige Tiere, Schand- und Schmutzflecken, wie ein Dieb, and remaining Low entries above

Critical Risk Terms

Beloved Son

Approved rendering: geliebter Sohn
Transliteration: geliebter Sohn
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς ἀγαπητός
Category: Christology

Baseline-adjacent (Sohn Gottes), CRITICAL. 2 Peter 1:17, the Father’s own voice at the Transfiguration. Must never be rendered as merely honorific or adoptive sonship; directly continues the Romans baseline’s Sohn Gottes / Deity of Christ doctrine.

Carried By The Spirit

Approved rendering: vom Heiligen Geist getrieben
Transliteration: vom Heiligen Geist getrieben
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: geführt (too weak, suggests mere editorial guidance), inspiriert (too weak, assimilates to the generic/artistic-inspiration register)
Original: ὑπὸ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου φερόμενοι
Category: Scripture

Baseline-adjacent (Heiliger Geist), CRITICAL. ὑπὸ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου φερόμενοι, 1:21. The NT’s clearest verbal-inspiration statement; a nautical image (ship driven by wind). Must be taught alongside — never used to override — the fully human, historically situated character of each biblical author’s voice.

Day Of The Lord

Approved rendering: der Tag des Herrn
Transliteration: der Tag des Herrn
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἡμέρα κυρίου
Category: Eschatology

NEW, CRITICAL, GENUINELY GERMAN-SPECIFIC. ἡμέρα κυρίου, 3:10 (also 2:4, 2:9 thematically). ‘Der Tag des Herrn’ is ALSO the ordinary German liturgical/canon-law term for SUNDAY (dies dominica) in both Catholic and Protestant usage — a direct real-world homonym collision on par with the baseline’s ‘Berufung’ and ‘Herr’ collisions, arguably more acute since it is a fixed multi-word liturgical unit. Mandatory disambiguating context (e.g. ‘der Tag des Herrn, an dem er die Welt richten wird’) required at EVERY occurrence; never left as a bare phrase.

Divine Nature Partakers

Approved rendering: Teilhaber der göttlichen Natur
Transliteration: Teilhaber der göttlichen Natur
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: Vergöttlichung/Vergottung (German Idealist/mystical vocabulary risking a self-divinization misreading)
Original: θείας φύσεως κοινωνοί
Category: Divine Nature

NEW, CRITICAL. 2 Peter 1:4. The single most theologically delicate phrase in the letter for German readers: risks direct conflation with Eastern Orthodox theosis, Hindu Advaita non-dualism, Buddhist inherent Buddha-nature, and contemporary German New Age/konfessionslos ‘das Göttliche in dir’ discourse. Must be taught as transformative moral/relational participation in God’s holy character through the Spirit’s ongoing Heiligung, NEVER as believers becoming divine in essence or dissolving individual identity into an impersonal divine substance. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.

Freedom

Approved rendering: Freiheit
Transliteration: Freiheit
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἐλευθερίαν
Category: False Teaching

Inherited from Romans/Galatians/Ephesians packages, unchanged word, REVERSED VALENCE. ἐλευθερία, 2:19. MUST render exactly as ‘Freiheit,’ but here in an IRONIC, COUNTERFEIT sense (mere license for sin, resulting in the deepest slavery) — the single highest-density German-specific risk term in the whole pipeline, requiring mandatory theologian review and explicit contrastive framing against the true Christ-given freedom established elsewhere in this curriculum, so ‘Freiheit’ never reads positively in this specific context.

Lord

Approved rendering: Herr
Transliteration: Herr
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Meister, Chef

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. κύριος recurs throughout 2 Peter (e.g. 1:2, 1:8, 1:11, 1:14, 2:1 in noun-form κυριότης, 2:20, 3:2, 3:8, 3:9, 3:10, 3:15, 3:18). Also the root of the two NEW extended/distinguished terms ‘master_despotes’ (δεσπότης) and ‘day_of_the_lord’ (ἡμέρα κυρίου) above, both of which require separate, non-collapsed handling.

More Sure

Approved rendering: um so gewisser
Transliteration: um so gewisser
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: gewiss alone (flat positive, loses the comparative escalation)
Original: βεβαιότερον
Category: Scripture

NEW, CRITICAL. βεβαιότερον, 1:19. Among the most theologically load-bearing single words in the letter: Peter claims Scripture is MORE certain than even his own eyewitness experience of the Transfiguration. Must preserve the comparative force, never read as mere restatement of equal certainty.

Not Wanting Any To Perish

Approved rendering: er will nicht, dass jemand verlorengeht
Transliteration: er will nicht, dass jemand verlorengeht
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μὴ βουλόμενός τινας ἀπολέσθαι ἀλλὰ πάντας εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρῆσαι
Category: Salvation

NEW, CRITICAL. μὴ βουλόμενός τινας ἀπολέσθαι ἀλλὰ πάντας εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρῆσαι, 3:9. A central Calvinist/Arminian (in German terms, Reformed/Lutheran-Pietist) debate text on the scope of God’s saving will, directly paralleling the baseline’s Erwählung caution. Present the verse’s own plain sense (patience FOR THE PURPOSE OF repentance) without adjudicating the wider systematic debate.

Parousia

Approved rendering: Wiederkunft
Transliteration: Wiederkunft
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: Ankunft (too vague, loses the specifically second/royal/eschatological sense), Parusie (opaque academic loanword, inaccessible to this curriculum’s mixed lay/confessional audience)
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology

NEW, CRITICAL. παρουσία (1:16, 3:4, 3:12), the technical term for Christ’s future royal return, never the first coming. Must render byte-for-byte identically at every occurrence across the whole letter so the mockers’ challenge at 3:4 is recognizable as an attack on the exact promise chapter 1 grounded in eyewitness testimony.

Preacher Of Righteousness

Approved rendering: Verkündiger der Gerechtigkeit
Transliteration: Verkündiger der Gerechtigkeit
Doctrine: The Judgment of Fallen Angels and Historical Precedents
Original: δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα
Category: Salvation

Baseline reuse of Gerechtigkeit (Critical). δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα, 2:5. Noah as positive historical counter-model to the false teachers.

Private Interpretation

Approved rendering: eigene Deutung
Transliteration: eigene Deutung
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως
Category: Scripture

NEW, CRITICAL. ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως, 1:20. The verse concerns the ORIGIN of prophecy in the prophet (cf. v.21), NOT a rule about readers’ later interpretive rights — but has historically been cited in German-language Catholic/Protestant polemical literature as addressing the latter, intersecting Germany’s live confessional fault line (magisterial authority vs. Reformation perspicuity). Teaching material must state the origin-sense clearly while transparently noting, but never adjudicating, this contested reception-history. Mandatory theologian review.

Righteous Lot

Approved rendering: den gerechten Lot
Transliteration: den gerechten Lot
Doctrine: The Judgment of Fallen Angels and Historical Precedents
Original: δίκαιον Λώτ
Category: Salvation

Baseline reuse of the Gerechtigkeit family (Critical). δίκαιον Λώτ, 2:7-8.

Righteousness Dwells

Approved rendering: Gerechtigkeit wohnt
Transliteration: Gerechtigkeit wohnt
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ
Category: Salvation

Baseline reuse of Gerechtigkeit (Critical). δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ, 3:13.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: Gerechtigkeit
Transliteration: Gerechtigkeit
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Tugend (correct ONLY for the unrelated Greek word ἀρετή, never for δικαιοσύνη)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Forensic right-standing; NEVER a performance-based reading. Recurs at 2 Peter 1:1, 2:5 (preacher_of_righteousness), 2:7-8 (righteous_lot), 3:13 (righteousness_dwells).

Where Is The Promise

Approved rendering: Wo ist die Verheißung seiner Wiederkunft?
Transliteration: Wo ist die Verheißung seiner Wiederkunft?
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: Ποῦ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ
Category: Eschatology

NEW, reuses Wiederkunft exactly. 3:4. The doctrinal flashpoint of chapter 3; must reuse ‘Wiederkunft’ identically to 1:16 so the structural link (mockers attacking the exact promise chapter 1 grounded in eyewitness testimony) remains visible.

High Risk Terms

Beloved Brother Paul

Approved rendering: unser lieber Bruder Paulus
Transliteration: unser lieber Bruder Paulus
Doctrine: The Authority of Pauline Scripture within the Canon
Original: τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ ἡμῶν ἀδελφοῦ Παύλου
Category: Scripture

NEW. τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ ἡμῶν ἀδελφοῦ Παύλου, 3:15-16. One of the NT’s clearest self-witnesses to an emerging, recognized body of apostolic Scripture; canon-historical significance should be made explicit in teaching material, especially given German academic theology’s strong historical-critical canon-formation scholarship.

Called

Approved rendering: Berufung
Transliteration: Berufung
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. κλῆσις, 2 Peter 1:10. Collides with career/vocation and legal-appeal (‘Berufung einlegen’) senses; disambiguating context required.

Calling And Election Confirmed

Approved rendering: Berufung und Erwählung festmachen
Transliteration: Berufung und Erwählung festmachen
Doctrine: The Believer’s Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: erwirken (bring about/earn — must never be used, as it would suggest believers causing rather than confirming their election)
Original: κλῆσις καὶ ἐκλογή … βεβαίαν ποιεῖσθαι
Category: Salvation

NEW combination construction, 2 Peter 1:10, reusing two Critical/High baseline terms together. Must be taught as the EVIDENCING/confirming of a call already sovereignly given through virtuous living, never as believers CAUSING their own election through works.

Corruption

Approved rendering: Verderben
Transliteration: Verderben
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: φθορά
Category: Divine Nature

NEW. φθορά (1:4, 2:12, 2:19): ongoing moral/physical decay. Reserve ‘Verderben’ specifically for this term; use ‘Untergang’ for the distinct ἀπώλεια (ch.3, final decisive ruin) to preserve the Greek’s decay-now/ruin-then thematic escalation, since German would otherwise default both words to ‘Verderben.‘

Destruction Apoleia

Approved rendering: Untergang
Transliteration: Untergang
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Verderben (reserved for φθορά, ch.1’s ongoing decay, to preserve the Greek’s decay-now/ruin-then distinction)
Original: ἀπωλείας
Category: Judgment

NEW. ἀπώλεια, 3:7. Final, decisive ruin at judgment, distinct from ongoing φθορά decay.

Destructive Heresies

Approved rendering: verderbliche Irrlehren
Transliteration: verderbliche Irrlehren
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Häresie (carries heavy, anachronistic German historical freight from the medieval/early-modern Inquisition and Ketzerprozesse, entirely absent from Peter’s first-century usage of αἵρεσις)
Original: αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας
Category: False Teaching

NEW. αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας, 2:1. Prefer ‘Irrlehre’ deliberately over the available loanword ‘Häresie’ — a paradigm case of avoiding an available but anachronistically loaded term.

Election

Approved rendering: Erwählung
Transliteration: Erwählung
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ἐκλογή, 2 Peter 1:10. Mandatory theologian review per the baseline’s existing German Reformed/Lutheran predestination-emphasis caution.

Elements Physical

Approved rendering: die Elemente
Transliteration: die Elemente
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Creation
Rejected alternatives: die Elemente der Welt (the Galatians package’s fixed phrase for the SAME Greek word in a DIFFERENT, spiritual-bondage sense — must not be reused here to avoid cross-document collision)
Original: στοιχεῖα
Category: Eschatology

NEW, deliberate internal cross-document collision within this translation memory. στοιχεῖα, 3:10, 3:12: plainly physical/cosmological elements of the created universe. Must be explicitly flagged in teaching material as the same Greek word used in a different sense than the Galatians 4:3, 9 occurrence.

False Teachers

Approved rendering: falsche Lehrer
Transliteration: falsche Lehrer
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
Category: False Teaching

NEW. ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι, 2:1. Chapter 2’s core doctrine term; structurally parallel to but more severe than the Galatians package’s lower-risk ‘false_brothers.‘

Grace

Approved rendering: Gnade
Transliteration: Gnade
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: Barmherzigkeit, Wohlwollen
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:2, 3:18 (‘wachset in der Gnade und Erkenntnis’ — must not read as merit-accumulation).

Grow In Grace And Knowledge

Approved rendering: wachset in der Gnade und Erkenntnis
Transliteration: wachset in der Gnade und Erkenntnis
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: αὐξάνετε ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει
Category: Christian Life

Baseline reuse of Gnade (High). αὐξάνετε ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει, 3:18. The letter’s closing exhortation and own answer to the false teachers’ counterfeit knowledge claims: ongoing growth, not static possession; must not be misread as merit-accumulation.

Is Patient Longsuffering

Approved rendering: langmütig
Transliteration: langmütig
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Rejected alternatives: Geduld/geduldig (reserved for general patience contexts; also risks collision with ὑπομονή’s ‘Standhaftigkeit’)
Original: μακροθυμεῖ / μακροθυμία
Category: Patience of God’s Timing

NEW. μακροθυμεῖ/μακροθυμία, 3:9, 3:15. The chapter’s central doctrinal term; kept lexically distinct from chapter 1’s ὑπομονή throughout the letter.

Is Slow Delays

Approved rendering: zögert
Transliteration: zögert
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: βραδύνει
Category: Patience of God’s Timing

NEW. βραδύνει, 3:9. Must always be immediately negated and contrasted with ‘langmütig’ (e.g. ‘Der Herr zögert nicht … sondern ist langmütig’), never left standing alone or read as ambivalent.

Knowledge Relational

Approved rendering: Erkenntnis
Transliteration: Erkenntnis
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Faith

NEW. ἐπίγνωσις (1:2, 1:3, 1:8, 2:20): deepened, personal, experiential knowing of God/Christ, countering the false teachers’ rival intellectual ‘knowledge’ claim. German ‘Erkenntnis’ is also the standard philosophical/epistemological term (Erkenntnistheorie); the personal ‘Christus erkennen’ sense must be kept explicit at every occurrence via context, since no distinct German noun exists to mark the contrast lexically.

Morning Star

Approved rendering: Morgenstern
Transliteration: Morgenstern
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ Confirmed at the Transfiguration
Original: φωσφόρος
Category: Christology

NEW, GERMAN-SPECIFIC COLLISION, previously undocumented in the baseline. φωσφόρος, 1:19. Luther’s own rendering of Isaiah 14:12 (‘du schöner Morgenstern’) applies the IDENTICAL German word to the fallen Babylonian king behind the later ‘Lucifer’ tradition. ‘Morgenstern’ is the correct, only viable German word (no substitute exists); the risk is addressed exclusively through a mandatory disambiguating note at EVERY occurrence, explicitly distinguishing this positive Christological use (echoing Revelation 22:16) from the unrelated Isaiah 14:12 tradition.

New Creation

Approved rendering: neue Schöpfung
Transliteration: neue Schöpfung
Doctrine: Circumcision and New Creation (baseline); Cosmic Dissolution and the New Creation (2 Peter, thematic)

Inherited from the Galatians package (6:15) via the Romans baseline. 2 Peter’s ‘neue Himmel und eine neue Erde’ (3:13) thematically extends but does not lexically duplicate this baseline phrase; surface the thematic link in teaching material without conflating the two distinct German phrasings.

Prophecy Of Scripture

Approved rendering: Weissagung der Schrift
Transliteration: Weissagung der Schrift
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: πᾶσα προφητεία γραφῆς
Category: Scripture

Baseline reuse of Weissagung, elevated risk given this passage’s doctrinal centrality. 2 Peter 1:20.

Prophetic Word

Approved rendering: prophetisches Wort
Transliteration: prophetisches Wort
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Botschaft (too generic, loses the specific prophetic-Scripture referent)
Original: τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον
Category: Scripture

Baseline-adjacent (Weissagung), elevated risk. 2 Peter 1:19, the core passage’s central claim: apostolic eyewitness experience CONFIRMS rather than replaces prophetic Scripture.

Repentance

Approved rendering: Buße
Transliteration: Buße
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Christian Life

Inherited from Romans/Matthew packages, unchanged. μετάνοια, 3:9. Confessional history flagged per baseline (sacramental-penance vs. purely internal-heart-change dispute).

Reserved For Fire

Approved rendering: für das Feuer aufbewahrt
Transliteration: für das Feuer aufbewahrt
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: πυρὶ τηρούμενοι
Category: Judgment

NEW. πυρὶ τηρούμενοι, 3:7. Parallels the Flood’s water-judgment; connects directly to chapter 2’s Day-of-Judgment doctrine.

Reserved For Judgment

Approved rendering: aufbewahrt für den Tag des Gerichts
Transliteration: aufbewahrt für den Tag des Gerichts
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: τηρεῖν εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζομένους
Category: Judgment

NEW. τηρεῖν εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζομένους, 2:4, 2:9. Must be taught alongside chapter 3’s Day-of-the-Lord material as one coherent eschatological doctrine, not as an isolated angelic proof-text.

Savior

Approved rendering: Retter
Transliteration: Retter
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Heiland (not rejected outright; flagged for mandatory case-by-case reviewer sign-off, per the baseline’s heightened scrutiny of any Heil-root word, to avoid over-correction in either direction)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation

NEW. σωτήρ applied to Christ 5x (1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18), asserting deity by direct grammatical parallel with ‘God’ (esp. 1:1’s Granville Sharp construction ‘unser Gott und Retter Jesus Christus’ — must NOT be separated into two referents). ‘Retter’ (agent noun of Rettung) is the safer default across this curriculum.

Slaves And Masters

Approved rendering: Sklaven / Herren
Transliteration: Sklaven / Herren
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption (metaphorical reuse); Household Code (literal baseline sense)

Inherited from Ephesians/Colossians packages via the Romans baseline, unchanged for its literal household-code sense. In 2 Peter 2:19 the root δοῦλος is reused purely metaphorically (‘Sklaven des Verderbens’ — see that entry); the literal historical-institution sense is NOT in view in 2 Peter and must not be conflated with it.

Slaves Of Corruption

Approved rendering: Sklaven des Verderbens
Transliteration: Sklaven des Verderbens
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς
Category: Divine Nature

Baseline-adjacent (Sklaven), reused metaphorically. αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς, 2:19. Purely metaphorical moral bondage; must be clearly disambiguated from the literal first-century household-slavery institution addressed in the Ephesians/Colossians packages, the same discipline required for the baseline’s Fleisch entry.

Tartarus

Approved rendering: in den Tartarus verstoßen
Transliteration: Tartarus
Doctrine: The Judgment of Fallen Angels and Historical Precedents
Rejected alternatives: Hölle (anachronistic Christian-hell import), unglossed Unterwelt (loses the specific mythological reference point without framing)
Original: ταρταρώσας
Category: Judgment

NEW. ταρταρώσας, 2:4. Peter borrows a Greco-Roman mythological proper name functionally, not as cosmological endorsement, paralleling the discipline applied to Colossians’ engagement with the Colossian heresy’s syncretistic vocabulary. Retain the transliterated proper name with mandatory framing.

Turn Back From Holy Commandment

Approved rendering: sich abwenden vom heiligen Gebot
Transliteration: sich abwenden vom heiligen Gebot
Doctrine: Apostasy Warning: Turning Back from the Way
Original: ἐπιστρέψαι ἐκ τῆς … ἁγίας ἐντολῆς
Category: False Teaching

NEW. ἐπιστρέψαι ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας ἐντολῆς, 2:20-22. One of the NT’s classic apostasy texts, resolved differently across German Reformed (perseverance-of-the-saints) and Lutheran/Pietist (warning-seriously-taken) traditions, directly paralleling the baseline’s Erwählung caution. Present as a face-value pastoral warning without adjudicating either tradition’s systematic resolution.

Medium Risk Terms

Blaspheming Glories

Approved rendering: Hoheiten lästern
Transliteration: Hoheiten lästern
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Herrlichkeiten lästern (would confuse the created-glorious-beings sense with God’s own Herrlichkeit, reserved elsewhere in this letter for 1:3, 1:17, 3:18)
Original: δόξας … βλασφημοῦντες
Category: False Teaching

NEW. δόξας βλασφημοῦντες, 2:10. The SAME Greek word δόξα is elsewhere ‘Herrlichkeit’ for God’s own glory; here it denotes created/angelic glorious beings and must use a different German word to prevent an internal collision unique to this letter.

Chains Of Darkness

Approved rendering: Ketten der Finsternis
Transliteration: Ketten der Finsternis
Doctrine: The Judgment of Fallen Angels and Historical Precedents
Original: σειραῖς ζόφου
Category: Judgment

NEW. σειραῖς ζόφου, 2:4. Textual variant note required: some manuscripts read σειροῖς (‘pits’) rather than σειραῖς (‘chains’).

Departure Exodos

Approved rendering: Hinscheiden
Transliteration: Hinscheiden
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony and Authority
Rejected alternatives: Exodus (would collide confusingly with the German Bible-book name ‘2. Mose (Exodus)‘)
Original: ἔξοδος
Category: Eschatology

NEW. ἔξοδος, 1:15, euphemistic for death, deliberately echoing Israel’s Exodus. Teaching material should still surface the deliberate Exodus-echo the Greek intends, since the euphemistic German rendering loses it lexically.

Despising Dominion

Approved rendering: die Herrschaft verachten
Transliteration: die Herrschaft verachten
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας
Category: Christology

NEW, extends the baseline Herr/κύριος root. κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας, 2:10.

Divine Power

Approved rendering: göttliche Kraft
Transliteration: göttliche Kraft
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: θεία δύναμις
Category: God

NEW, extends the baseline’s Kraft Gottes pattern with the added adjective θεῖος (‘divine’), 2 Peter 1:3, forming a matched pair with divine_nature_partakers in the very next verse.

Enticing Bait

Approved rendering: verlocken
Transliteration: verlocken
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: δελεάζοντες
Category: False Teaching

NEW. δελεάζοντες, 2:14, 2:18. Fishing-bait image; retain concretely if idiomatically natural.

Exploit Merchandise

Approved rendering: mit euch Handel treiben
Transliteration: mit euch Handel treiben
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἐμπορεύονται
Category: False Teaching

NEW. ἐμπορεύονται, 2:3. Keep the concrete commercial-exploitation image, consistent with the Colossians package’s discipline for concrete economic metaphors.

Faith Of Equal Standing

Approved rendering: gleich kostbarer Glaube
Transliteration: gleich kostbarer Glaube
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘Glaube’ alone (loses the egalitarian nuance)
Original: ἰσότιμος πίστις
Category: Faith

NEW. 2 Peter 1:1. Egalitarian statement: every believer’s faith is of identical standing before God, regardless of status; must be surfaced explicitly in teaching material, not left implicit in a bare ‘Glaube.‘

Faith

Approved rendering: Glaube
Transliteration: Glaube
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: Weltanschauung
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:1, 1:5.

Father

Approved rendering: Vater
Transliteration: Vater
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:17, ‘von Gott, dem Vater’ at the Transfiguration.

Found Spotless Blameless In Peace

Approved rendering: unbefleckt und untadelig in Frieden
Transliteration: unbefleckt und untadelig in Frieden
Doctrine: Diligent, Holy Living in View of Christ’s Return
Original: ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι … ἐν εἰρήνῃ
Category: Sanctification

Baseline reuse of Friede. ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι … ἐν εἰρήνῃ, 3:14. The diligence exhortation must be taught alongside — never as contradicting — grace-based salvation, per the same discipline applied to Philippians 2:12.

Glory

Approved rendering: Herrlichkeit
Transliteration: Herrlichkeit
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. δόξα for God’s/Christ’s OWN glory only (1:3, 1:17, 3:18 doxology). Reserve strictly for this sense; the SAME Greek word in 2:10 denotes created/angelic glorious beings and must be rendered ‘Hoheiten,’ NEVER ‘Herrlichkeit’ — see blaspheming_glories entry below.

God

Approved rendering: Gott
Transliteration: Gott
Doctrine: Deity of Christ

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Appears throughout 2 Peter, notably in the Granville Sharp construction of 1:1 (‘unser Gott und Retter Jesus Christus’) which must not be separated into two referents.

Godliness

Approved rendering: Frömmigkeit
Transliteration: Frömmigkeit
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. εὐσέβεια, 1:3, 1:6-7, 3:11. May read old-fashioned/narrowly pietistic to secular and konfessionslos German readers; retain as the established theological term with light modernizing surrounding prose where needed.

Hard To Understand And Unstable

Approved rendering: schwer zu verstehen
Transliteration: schwer zu verstehen
Doctrine: The Authority of Pauline Scripture within the Canon
Rejected alternatives: missverstehen (too gentle a softening of στρεβλοῦσιν’s deliberate-distortion sense; retain ‘verdrehen’ for the distortion verb specifically)
Original: δυσνόητά … στρεβλοῦσιν … ἀστήρικτοι
Category: Scripture

NEW. δυσνόητά … στρεβλοῦσιν … ἀστήρικτοι, 3:16. Connects the chapter’s Scripture-doctrine and false-teacher-doctrine threads together.

Holy Men Of God

Approved rendering: heilige Menschen
Transliteration: heilige Menschen
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ἅγιοι (ἀπὸ θεοῦ) ἄνθρωποι
Category: Scripture

Baseline reuse of ‘heilig’. 1:21. Textual-critical note required: some early manuscripts read ‘ἀπὸ θεοῦ’ (from God) rather than ‘ἅγιοι’ (holy); sense materially similar, document transparently per this pipeline’s established discipline.

Holy Mountain

Approved rendering: der heilige Berg
Transliteration: der heilige Berg
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ ὄρει
Category: Sanctification

Baseline reuse of ‘heilig’. 2 Peter 1:18. The mountain is holy because of the theophany, not through inherent sacred geography; avoid any drift toward pilgrimage-site veneration.

Holy

Approved rendering: heilig
Transliteration: heilig
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: rein

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Recurs at 2 Peter 1:18 (holy_mountain), 1:21 (holy_men_of_god), 2:21 (turn_back_from_holy_commandment), 3:11 (‘heiliger Lebensführung’).

Knowledge General

Approved rendering: Erkenntnis
Transliteration: Erkenntnis
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Faith

NEW. γνῶσις (1:5, 3:18): a virtue in the 1:5-7 chain and the false teachers’ counterfeit claim. Same German noun as knowledge_relational; distinguish by context, not by a different word — no clean German lexical split exists.

Lust Desire

Approved rendering: Begierde
Transliteration: Begierde
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: Fleisch (a different Greek word/doctrine; must not be silently substituted)
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin

NEW. ἐπιθυμία (1:4, 2:10, 2:18, 3:3): corrupting desire/craving. Lexically distinct from the baseline’s Fleisch (σάρξ) doctrine, which this letter does not use; do not import the Galatians/Romans Fleisch-versus-Geist apparatus onto this term.

Majesty

Approved rendering: Majestät
Transliteration: Majestät
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ Confirmed at the Transfiguration
Original: μεγαλειότης
Category: Christology

NEW. μεγαλειότης, 1:16: the visible divine splendor displayed at the Transfiguration. 2 Peter itself uses two different Greek words in successive verses (μεγαλειότης v.16, δόξα v.17); German must likewise keep ‘Majestät’ distinct from ‘Herrlichkeit’ rather than collapsing both into one word.

Master Despotes

Approved rendering: Gebieter
Transliteration: Gebieter
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Herr (would collapse δεσπότης into κύριος, losing the deliberately more absolute, ownership-focused sense Peter intends)
Original: δεσπότην
Category: Christology

NEW. δεσπότης, 2:1. Christ as absolute Master/Owner who bought the false teachers themselves. Note the connection to, without collapsing into, the established Herr/Lordship-of-Christ doctrine.

Mockers

Approved rendering: Spötter
Transliteration: Spötter
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Eschatology

NEW. ἐμπαῖκται, 3:3. End-time scoffers denying the Parousia.

New Heavens And New Earth

Approved rendering: neue Himmel und eine neue Erde
Transliteration: neue Himmel und eine neue Erde
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Creation
Original: καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology

NEW, thematically extends but does not lexically duplicate the baseline’s neue Schöpfung (Galatians 6:15). καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν, 3:13. Echoes Isaiah 65:17/66:22.

One Day As A Thousand Years

Approved rendering: Ein Tag ist wie tausend Jahre
Transliteration: Ein Tag ist wie tausend Jahre
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μία ἡμέρα παρὰ κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη
Category: Patience of God’s Timing

NEW. Citation of Psalm 90:4, 3:8. Guard against speculative eschatological date-setting numerology; the verse’s point is God’s patience, not a chronological exchange-rate formula.

Perseverance

Approved rendering: Standhaftigkeit
Transliteration: Standhaftigkeit
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: Geduld (reserved exclusively for μακροθυμία in chapter 3, per an editorially imposed letter-wide lexical convention since German has no natural way to separate the two concepts)
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. ὑπομονή, 1:6: endurance under trial, distinct from μακροθυμία (patience regarding timing, ch.3). This distinction is imposed by this curriculum, not natural to German; must be enforced consistently across all occurrences.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: Kraft Gottes
Transliteration: Kraft Gottes
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation (baseline); Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption (2 Peter, thematic)

Inherited from Romans package. 2 Peter 1:3’s ‘göttliche Kraft’ (divine_power, NEW entry above) extends this baseline pattern with the added adjective θεῖος (‘divine’).

Redeemed Bought

Approved rendering: erkaufen
Transliteration: erkaufen
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀγοράσαντα
Category: Salvation

NEW. ἀγοράζω, 2:1. Concrete commercial-redemption metaphor; keep concrete, consistent with the Colossians package’s certificate_of_debt discipline. A sobering statement about apostasy.

Self Control

Approved rendering: Selbstbeherrschung
Transliteration: Selbstbeherrschung
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: Enthaltsamkeit (too strong an ascetic/celibacy connotation for ἐγκράτεια’s broader sense)
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. ἐγκράτεια, 1:6.

Sensuality

Approved rendering: Zügellosigkeit
Transliteration: Zügellosigkeit
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin

NEW. ἀσέλγεια, 2:2, 2:7, 2:18.

Virtue

Approved rendering: Tugend
Transliteration: Tugend
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀρετή
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. ἀρετή (1:3, 1:5): moral excellence of character. IMPORTANT: the Romans baseline rejected ‘Tugend’ for δικαιοσύνη/righteousness (to avoid a performance-based misreading of justification); that rejection does NOT apply here — ἀρετή is a genuinely different Greek word denoting character virtue, not forensic standing. ‘Tugend’ is correct and necessary for this specific term. Reviewers moving from the Romans package must be retrained on this distinction.

Waiting And Hastening The Coming

Approved rendering: die Wiederkunft erwarten und beschleunigen
Transliteration: die Wiederkunft erwarten und beschleunigen
Doctrine: Diligent, Holy Living in View of Christ’s Return
Original: προσδοκῶντας καὶ σπεύδοντας τὴν παρουσίαν
Category: Eschatology

NEW, reuses Wiederkunft. προσδοκῶντας καὶ σπεύδοντας τὴν παρουσίαν, 3:12. Must be taught alongside the baseline’s Werkgerechtigkeit caution: holy living does not force God’s timing; cross-reference to 3:9’s patience doctrine required.

Well Pleased

Approved rendering: Wohlgefallen gefunden
Transliteration: Wohlgefallen gefunden
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: εὐδόκησα
Category: Christology

NEW. εὐδόκησα, 1:17. Must not imply the Son earned the Father’s favor through obedience, paralleling the baseline’s grace-versus-merit discipline.

Will Be Destroyed

Approved rendering: werden zugrunde gehen
Transliteration: werden zugrunde gehen
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: φθαρήσονται
Category: Judgment

NEW. φθαρήσονται, 2:12, same verbal root as φθορά/corruption (ch.1).

Will Be Dissolved

Approved rendering: wird sich auflösen
Transliteration: wird sich auflösen
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Creation
Original: λυθήσεται … κατακαήσεται
Category: Eschatology

NEW. λυθήσεται/κατακαήσεται, 3:10-12. Textual variant required: some early manuscripts read εὑρεθήσεται (‘will be found’) rather than κατακαήσεται (‘will be burned up’); document transparently, do not silently resolve.

Willingly Ignorant

Approved rendering: absichtlich nicht wissen wollen
Transliteration: absichtlich nicht wissen wollen
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: λανθάνει αὐτούς θέλοντας
Category: Eschatology

NEW. θέλοντας λανθάνει, 3:5. The deliberateness must not be softened; it is the moral center of Peter’s critique of the mockers.

Low Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: Apostel
Transliteration: Apostel
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Peter’s self-designation, 2 Peter 1:1, paired with the NEW term ‘servant_self_designation’ below.

As A Thief

Approved rendering: wie ein Dieb
Transliteration: wie ein Dieb
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ὡς κλέπτης
Category: Eschatology

NEW. ὡς κλέπτης, 3:10. Widely known idiom via 1 Thessalonians 5:2 already in German Christian and broader cultural usage, lowering practical risk.

Brotherly Love

Approved rendering: Bruderliebe
Transliteration: Bruderliebe
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. φιλαδελφία, 1:7.

Eyewitnesses

Approved rendering: Augenzeugen
Transliteration: Augenzeugen
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony and Authority
Original: ἐπόπται
Category: Scripture

NEW. ἐπόπται, 1:16. Rare Greco-Roman mystery-cult background worth a light exegetical footnote; does not affect the German rendering.

Flood

Approved rendering: Sintflut
Transliteration: Sintflut
Doctrine: The Judgment of Fallen Angels and Historical Precedents
Original: κατακλυσμόν
Category: Judgment

NEW. κατακλυσμός, 2:5. Standard established German Bible term.

Greed

Approved rendering: Habgier
Transliteration: Habgier
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: πλεονεξία
Category: Sin

NEW. πλεονεξία, 2:3, 2:14.

Irrational Animals

Approved rendering: unvernünftige Tiere
Transliteration: unvernünftige Tiere
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἄλογα ζῷα
Category: False Teaching

NEW. ἄλογα ζῷα, 2:12.

Jesus

Approved rendering: Jesus
Transliteration: Jesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Stable proper name throughout 2 Peter.

Love

Approved rendering: Liebe
Transliteration: Liebe
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Christian Virtue

NEW. ἀγάπη, 1:7. Culminating virtue of the 1:5-7 chain.

Peace

Approved rendering: Friede
Transliteration: Friede
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:2, 3:14.

Servant Self Designation

Approved rendering: Knecht
Transliteration: Knecht
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony and Authority
Rejected alternatives: Sklave (acceptable secondary option, but risks importing the household-code lens of Ephesians/Colossians)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church

NEW. Peter’s voluntary, honorific self-designation as ‘slave/servant’ of Christ (1:1), a different register from the literal first-century household-slavery institution addressed in the Ephesians/Colossians packages. Must not be read through that household-code lens.

Spots And Blemishes

Approved rendering: Schand- und Schmutzflecken
Transliteration: Schand- und Schmutzflecken
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: σπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι
Category: False Teaching

NEW. σπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι, 2:13. Metaphor; keep concrete.

Tent Of The Body

Approved rendering: Zelt
Transliteration: Zelt
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony and Authority
Rejected alternatives: Körper/Leib alone (loses the temporary-dwelling nuance)
Original: σκήνωμα
Category: Eschatology

NEW. σκήνωμα, 1:13-14. Keep the tent-metaphor visible; anticipates bodily death and resurrection hope.

Wages Of Unrighteousness

Approved rendering: Lohn der Ungerechtigkeit
Transliteration: Lohn der Ungerechtigkeit
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: μισθὸν ἀδικίας
Category: False Teaching

NEW. μισθὸν ἀδικίας, 2:13, 2:15. Reuses the negated Gerechtigkeit root.

Way Of Truth

Approved rendering: der Weg der Wahrheit
Transliteration: der Weg der Wahrheit
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: False Teaching

NEW. ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας, 2:2. Note the loose thematic (not grammatical) resonance with John’s ‘Ich bin der Weg und die Wahrheit’; do not conflate the two constructions in teaching material.

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