Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — 2 Thessalonians | English → Burmese
Purpose
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning all three chapters of 2 Thessalonians. It is organized in two parts:
- Part A — Baseline Terms Reused: terms already fixed in the Romans
translation_memory.json/bible_term_registry.json, which MUST be reused exactly, with notes only on any new contextual risk introduced by their usage in 2 Thessalonians. - Part B — New Terms Introduced by 2 Thessalonians: terms not present in the baseline package, proposed here for the first time, each with a full risk assessment ready for promotion into an extended translation memory in Phase 2.
Risk tiers follow the baseline definitions exactly: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence), High (human theologian review), Medium (native speaker review), Low (automated review sufficient).
Part A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (No Deviation Permitted)
| Term ID | English | Burmese (reused) | Risk (baseline) | Chapters | New Contextual Note for 2 Thessalonians |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| god | God | ဘုရားသခင် | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | No change; used throughout as address and subject of judgment/grace. |
| jesus | Jesus | ယေရှု | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Consistently paired with “Christ” and “Lord” titles. |
| lord | Lord | သခင် | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | 2:1-12 ties lordship directly to the parousia; reinforce exclusivity against any rival “coming one.” |
| grace | Grace | ကျေးဇူးတော် | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Appears in every chapter’s greeting/closing; no new risk. |
| peace | Peace | ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း | Medium | 1, 3 | No change. |
| father | Father | အဖ | Critical | 1, 2 | No change. |
| faith | Faith | ယုံကြည်ခြင်း | Medium | 1, 2, 3 | 2:11-13 uses the same root ironically for “believing the lie” (πιστεύω τῷ ψεύδει) — see new term “believe_the_lie” below for the negative-use nuance. |
| church | Church | အသင်းတော် | Medium | 1 | No change (1:1 address). |
| gospel | Gospel | သတင်းကောင်း | High | 1, 2 | 1:8 “obey the gospel”; 2:14 “called through our gospel” — reinforce as the specific saving message, not generic report. |
| glory | Glory | ဘုန်းတော် | High | 1, 2 | 2:9’s Satan-power context (see new term below) makes the God/Satan honorific contrast especially important here. |
| kingdom_of_god | Kingdom of God | ဘုရားသခင်၏နိုင်ငံတော် | Medium | 1 | 1:5, suffering “for the kingdom of God.” |
| called / calling | Called/Calling | ခေါ်တော်မူသော / ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း | High | 1, 2 | 2:14 “he called you through our gospel” — effectual calling to salvation sense. |
| sanctification | Sanctification | သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း | High | 2 | 2:13 “sanctification of the Spirit.” |
| holy / saints | Holy/Saints | သန့်ရှင်းသော / သန့်ရှင်းသူများ | High | 1 | 1:10 “glorified in his saints.” |
| salvation | Salvation | ကယ်တင်ခြင်း | Critical | 2 | 2:10, 2:13; contrasted directly with “those perishing” (new term below) — the sharpest salvation/destruction contrast in the epistle. |
| power_of_god | Power of God | ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော် | High | 1, 2 | 2:9 requires the NON-honorific form for Satan’s counterfeit power — see new term “counterfeit_power” below. |
| election | Election | ရွေးကောက်ခြင်း | High | 2 | 2:13, “God chose you” (αἱρέομαι) — direct extension. |
| thanksgiving | Thanksgiving | ကျေးဇူးတင်ခြင်း | Low | 1, 2 | 1:3, 2:13. |
| exhort/comfort | Exhort/Comfort | တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း | Low | 2, 3 | 2:17 (comfort), 3:12 (exhort) — context-sensitive per baseline note. |
| christ | Christ | ခရစ်တော် | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Established transliteration form per baseline instruction document; formally added here as a registry entry for 2 Thessalonians since it did not have its own row in the Romans registry. |
Part B — New Terms Introduced by 2 Thessalonians
| Term ID | English | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Burmese Rendering | Burmese Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter(s) | Alternatives Rejected / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| day_of_the_lord | Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου | hēmera tou kyriou | သခင်ဘုရား၏နေ့ရက်တော် | Thakhin Bhayar i nayet-taw | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 2 | Reject astrological “day-reckoning” categories (ဗေဒင်-determined auspicious/inauspicious days); reject vague “end of an era” framing resembling Buddhist Sasana-decline expectation before Metteyya. |
| parousia | Coming/Parousia | παρουσία | parousia | ကြွလာတော်မူခြင်း | kywa-la-taw-mu-chin | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 2 | Reject cyclical-return/repeated-descent language; must not echo Metteyya’s expected future arrival. Mandatory translator note every occurrence. |
| epiphaneia_of_parousia | Manifestation of his Coming | ἐπιφάνεια τῆς παρουσίας | epiphaneia tēs parousias | ထင်ရှားစွာကြွလာတော်မူခြင်း | htin-shar-zwa kywa-la-taw-mu-chin | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 2 | Direct compound of parousia; same guardrails apply. |
| gathering_together | Gathering Together (to Christ) | ἐπισυναγωγή | episynagōgē | စုရုံးစည်းလုံးခြင်း | su-yon si-lon-chin | Medium | The Day of the Lord | 2 | Distinguish from ordinary congregational assembly (church); this is the eschatological gathering to Christ at his coming. |
| apostasy | Apostasy/Falling Away | ἀποστασία | apostasia | ဖောက်ပြန်ငြင်းပယ်ခြင်း | bauk-pyan nyin-pai-chin | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Distinguish from the gradual “Sasana decline” narrative preceding Metteyya; this is a specific end-times religious rebellion against the true faith in Christ. |
| man_of_lawlessness | Man of Lawlessness | ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας | ho anthrōpos tēs anomias | ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း၏လူ | pyinnat-taw meh-chin i lu | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Reject ဓမ္မမဲ့သူ (dhamma-less person) — risks framing him as a generic irreligious figure or rejecter of Buddhist dhamma rather than the specific eschatological rebel against God’s revealed law. Mandatory translator note. |
| lawlessness | Lawlessness | ἀνομία | anomia | ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း | pyinnat-taw meh-chin | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Built on baseline ပညတ်တရား (law/nomos); keep visibly parallel across all forms (man of lawlessness, the lawless one, mystery of lawlessness). |
| the_lawless_one | The Lawless One | ὁ ἄνομος | ho anomos | ပညတ်တော်မဲ့သူ | pyinnat-taw-meh thu | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Must remain visibly parallel in Burmese to “man of lawlessness” so readers recognize the same figure across 2:3 and 2:8. |
| son_of_destruction | Son of Destruction/Perdition | ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας | ho huios tēs apōleias | ပျက်စီးခြင်း၏သား | pyet-si-chin i thar | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Requires translator note explaining the Hebraic “son of ___” idiom (utterly characterized by/destined for X); risk of confusion with baseline’s ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော် (Son of God) structural parallel. |
| restrainer | The Restrainer / What Restrains | τὸ κατέχον / ὁ κατέχων | to katechon / ho katechōn | ဆီးတားနေသည့်အရာ / ဆီးတားသူ | si-tar-ne-thi a-yar / si-tar-thu | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Preserve the text’s own ambiguity of identity (neuter thing in v.6, masculine person in v.7); do not resolve the theological debate by over-specifying in translation. |
| mystery_of_lawlessness | Mystery of Lawlessness | τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας | to mystērion tēs anomias | ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း၏ နက်နဲသောအရာတော် | pyinnat-taw-meh-chin i nak-nell-thaw a-yar-taw | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Distinguish from esoteric occult “secret knowledge” of Burmese weizza (esoteric adept) practice; this is evil already historically operative under God’s sovereign timetable, not hidden power to be acquired. |
| satan | Satan | σατανᾶς | satanas | စာတန် | Satan | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2, 3 | MUST NOT render as မာရ်နတ် (Mara), the Buddhist tempter-deity who assailed the Buddha; use the transliterated proper name, consistent with Jesus/David/Israel convention. |
| the_evil_one | The Evil One | ὁ πονηρός | ho ponēros | ဆိုးညစ်သူ (or စာတန် with note where clearly Satan) | soe-nyit-thu | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 3 | Same guardrail as “satan” above — avoid မာရ်နတ်. |
| counterfeit_power | Counterfeit Power (of Satan) | δύναμις (κατ’ ἐνέργειαν τοῦ σατανᾶ) | dynamis | တန်ခိုး (without honorific -တော်) | tankhoe | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Contextual flag on baseline power_of_god term; omit the honorific “-တော်” suffix reserved for God’s power to avoid sacralizing Satan’s displays. |
| sign_wonder | Signs and Wonders (deceptive) | σημεῖον / τέρας | sēmeion / teras | နိမိတ်လက္ခဏာ / အံ့ဖွယ်အမှုအရာ | neimit lekkhana / an-bwe a-hmu-a-yar | Medium-High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | နိမိတ် carries divinatory/omen connotations in Burmese folk religion; fitting for counterfeit signs but must be explicitly marked false and Satan-empowered. |
| the_lie | The Lie / Falsehood | ψεῦδος | pseudos | မုသာ / လိမ်လည်မှု | mutha / lein-le-hmu | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Note the definite article (“the lie,” singular, specific) — a targeted end-times deception, not lying in general. |
| delusion_error | Delusion/Error (God-sent) | ἐνέργεια πλάνης | energeia planēs | လှည့်ဖျားမှု | hlwe-hpyar-hmu | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Distinguish from Buddhist moha (မောဟ), an innate universal mental defilement; this is a specific judicial act of God upon particular unrepentant people, not a universal inherent defect. |
| believe_the_lie | Believe the Lie | πιστεύω τῷ ψεύδει | pisteuō tō pseudei | မုသာကို ယုံကြည်ခြင်း | mutha ko yun-kyi-chin | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Ironic reuse of the faith-root; keep same Burmese verb root as “faith/believe” elsewhere to preserve Paul’s irony. |
| unrighteousness | Unrighteousness/Wickedness | ἀδικία | adikia | မတရားမှု | ma-tayar-hmu | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Deliberate antonym-pair of baseline ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း (righteousness); reinforces the righteousness/unrighteousness contrast. |
| those_perishing | Those Perishing | οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι | hoi apollymenoi | ပျက်စီးလုနီးသူများ | pyet-si lu-ni thu-myar | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Personal, culpable perishing under a personal God’s judgment; must not evoke impersonal Buddhist anatta-dissolution of self. Dark mirror of baseline’s rejection of နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း for salvation. |
| love_agape | Love (Agape) | ἀγάπη | agapē | ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ | chit-chin mate-tar | High | God’s Righteous Judgment / Standing Firm | 2 | Plain unqualified “မေတ္တာ” risks reducing agape to the self-cultivated, meditative Buddhist brahmavihāra practice of mettā; use the qualified compound and flag Critical-doctrine occurrences for a distinguishing note. |
| truth | Truth | ἀλήθεια | alētheia | သမ္မာတရား | thanma taya | Medium-High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Distinguish from Buddhist “noble/solemn truth” (အရိယာသစ္စာ, e.g. Four Noble Truths) discovered through insight; biblical truth is revealed, personal, propositional, centered in Christ, received or refused. |
| judged_condemned | Judged/Condemned | κρίνω (κριθῶσιν) | krinō | တရားစီရင်ခြင်းခံရမည် | tayar-si-yin-chin khan-ya-mi | Critical | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | Personal Judge’s specific verdict, not the automatic impersonal working of ကံ across rebirth. |
| righteous_judgment | Righteous Judgment | δικαία κρίσις | dikaia krisis | ဖြောင့်မတ်သောတရားစီရင်ခြင်း | pyaungmat-thaw tayar-si-yin-chin | Critical | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | Built on baseline ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း; distinguish sharply from impersonal karmic cause-and-effect. |
| vengeance_retribution | Vengeance/Retribution | ἐκδίκησις | ekdikēsis | လက်စားချေခြင်း | let-sar-chay-chin | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | Distinguish from personal vendetta and impersonal karmic retribution; God’s own righteous judicial action. |
| eternal_destruction | Eternal Destruction | ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος | olethros aiōnios | ထာဝရပျက်စီးခြင်း | hta-wa-ya pyet-si-chin | Critical | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | Must not be read through Buddhist cessation (nirodha/nibbāna) as a positive religious goal; this is negative, personal, conscious, everlasting exclusion from God’s presence. |
| lords_presence | Presence/Face of the Lord | πρόσωπον τοῦ κυρίου | prosōpon tou kyriou | သခင်ဘုရား၏မျက်နှာတော်ရှေ့ | Thakhin Bhayar i myet-hna-taw shay | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | Relational exclusion from God’s presence; distinguish from mere physical absence. |
| endurance_perseverance | Endurance/Perseverance | ὑπομονή | hypomonē | သည်းခံနိုင်မှု | thi-khan-nain-hmu | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | Distinguish from equanimity/detachment (upekkhā) cultivated to reduce felt suffering; biblical endurance is hope-fueled, feeling the pain while trusting God’s future vindication. |
| persecution | Persecution | διωγμός | diōgmos | နှိပ်စက်ညှဉ်းပန်းခြင်း | hnate-set nyin-pan-chin | Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | Standard vocabulary; low collision risk beyond consistency. |
| affliction_tribulation | Affliction/Tribulation | θλῖψις | thlipsis | ဆင်းရဲဒုက္ခ | hsin-ye dote-kha | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | ဒုက္ခ is the technical Buddhist First-Noble-Truth term for universal inescapable suffering; biblical θλῖψις is specific, temporary, persecution-related, hope-producing suffering. Translator note recommended. |
| worthy_counted_worthy | Counted Worthy | ἀξιόω | axioō | ထိုက်တန်သည်ဟု မှတ်တော်မူခြင်း | htite-tan-thi-hto hmat-taw-mu-chin | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | Must not be taught as self-earned merit (ကုသိုလ်); this is God’s gracious reckoning connected to faithful endurance, consistent with the baseline’s grace-not-merit framework. |
| repay_recompense | Repay/Recompense | ἀνταποδίδωμι | antapodidōmi | အစားပြန်ဆပ်တော်မူခြင်း | a-sar-pyan-sat-taw-mu-chin | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | Righteous judicial repayment by God, not personal human revenge. |
| tradition | Tradition(s) | παράδοσις | paradosis | လက်ဆင့်ကမ်းသင်ကြားချက် | let-hsin-kan thin-kya-chet | High | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2, 3 | Distinguish from ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်း (customary ritual/folk practice, e.g. pagoda festivals, merit-making calendar rites); here it names authoritative apostolic doctrinal instruction carrying Scripture-level authority. |
| stand_firm_established | Stand Firm / Establish | στηρίζω | stērizō | ခိုင်မာစေတော်မူခြင်း | khine-mar-say-taw-mu-chin | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2, 3 | God’s own stabilizing work in believers’ hearts; anchor term for the doctrine. |
| hope | Hope | ἐλπίς | elpis | မျှော်လင့်ခြင်း | myaw-lin-chin | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2 | Buddhist framework often analyzes wishing for future states as craving (taṇhā) perpetuating dukkha; Christian hope must be taught positively as confident expectation grounded in God’s promise. |
| eternal_comfort | Eternal Comfort | παράκλησις αἰωνία | paraklēsis aiōnia | ထာဝရနှစ်သိမ့်ခြင်း | hta-wa-ya hnit-thein-chin | Low-Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2 | Related to baseline exhort/comfort term. |
| faithful_of_the_lord | Faithful (of the Lord) | πιστός | pistos | သစ္စာရှိတော်မူသော | thissa-shi-taw-mu-thaw | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | God’s own reliable character, not a devotee’s faithfulness to vows or the Triple Gem. |
| deliverance_rescue | Deliver/Rescue | ῥύομαι | rhyomai | ကယ်ဆယ်တော်မူခြင်း | kae-hsae-taw-mu-chin | Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | 3 | Keep visibly distinct from Critical-risk ကယ်တင်ခြင်း (salvation); temporal rescue from hostile people, not eternal salvation. |
| idle_disorderly | Idle/Disorderly | ἄτακτος / ἀτάκτως | ataktos / ataktōs | စည်းကမ်းမလိုက်နာသူ | si-gan ma-laik-nar-thu | Low-Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | Church-discipline context; military “out of ranks” metaphor. |
| busybody | Busybody | περιεργάζομαι | periergazomai | သူတစ်ပါးအမှုစွက်ဖက်သူ | thu-tabar a-hmu swet-phet-thu | Low | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | No significant doctrinal risk. |
| obedience | Obedience | ὑπακούω | hypakouō | နာခံခြင်း | na-khan-chin | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 1, 3 | Where obedience flows from genuine faith, align with baseline’s ယုံကြည်ခြင်း၏နာခံမှု (obedience of faith) framing rather than bare compliance. |
| adversary_opponent | The Adversary/Opponent | ἀντικείμενος | antikeimenos | ဆန့်ကျင်ဘက်ပြုသူ | hsan-kyin-bet pyu-thu | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Standard adversarial title, applied here to the lawless one. |
| self_exaltation | Self-Exaltation | ὑπεραίρομαι | hyperairomai | မိမိကိုယ်ကို အလွန်အမင်းမြှောက်ပင့်ခြင်း | a-lwun a-min myauk-pin-chin | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Pride/self-deification theme, direct opposite of Christ’s humility. |
| object_of_worship | Object of Worship | σέβασμα | sebasma | ကိုးကွယ်ရာအရာ | ko-kwe-yar a-yar | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Burmese religious life contains many legitimate-seeming σέβασμα-class objects (Buddha images, relics, nat shrines); reinforces exclusive worship of God alone. |
| temple_of_god | Temple of God | ναός τοῦ θεοῦ | naos tou theou | ဘုရားသခင်၏ဗိမာန်တော် | Phayarthakhin i beiman-taw | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Must not be confused with ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ (pagoda/monastic compound, already rejected in baseline for “church”); names the biblical sanctuary concept only. |
| kairos_appointed_time | Appointed Time | καιρός | kairos | သင့်လျော်သောအချိန်ကာလ | thin-lyaw-thaw a-chein-kalar | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | God, not chance or astrology, fixes the moment; distinguish from ဗေဒင်-determined favorable timing. |
| breath_of_his_mouth | Breath of His Mouth | πνεῦμα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ | pneuma tou stomatos autou | နှုတ်တော်မှထွက်သော အသက်ရှူသံ | hnoke-taw hma htwet-thaw a-thet-shu-than | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Sovereign, effortless power of Christ’s spoken word; distinguish from folk-Buddhist ritual “blowing” (မှုတ်တံ) practices of monks/spirit-mediums. |
| abolish_render_powerless | Abolish/Render Powerless | καταργέω | katargeō | ပယ်ရှားဖျက်သိမ်းတော်မူခြင်း | pae-shar hpyet-thein-taw-mu-chin | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Decisive, once-for-all judicial act of Christ, not gradual karmic dissolution. |
Doctrine-to-Term Cross Reference
| Doctrine | Key Term IDs |
|---|---|
| The Day of the Lord | day_of_the_lord, parousia, epiphaneia_of_parousia, gathering_together, kairos_appointed_time |
| The Man of Lawlessness | man_of_lawlessness, lawlessness, the_lawless_one, son_of_destruction, apostasy, restrainer, mystery_of_lawlessness, satan, the_evil_one, counterfeit_power, sign_wonder, the_lie, adversary_opponent, self_exaltation, object_of_worship, temple_of_god, abolish_render_powerless, breath_of_his_mouth |
| Perseverance under Persecution | endurance_perseverance, persecution, affliction_tribulation, worthy_counted_worthy, deliverance_rescue |
| God’s Righteous Judgment | righteous_judgment, vengeance_retribution, eternal_destruction, lords_presence, judged_condemned, unrighteousness, those_perishing, delusion_error, believe_the_lie, love_agape, truth, repay_recompense |
| Standing Firm in the Traditions | tradition, stand_firm_established, hope, eternal_comfort, faithful_of_the_lord, idle_disorderly, busybody, obedience |
Notes for Phase 2 Handoff
- All Part A terms load directly from the existing baseline
translation_memory.json; no new entries are required for those IDs, only the contextual notes above should accompany their use in 2 Thessalonians segments. - All Part B terms should be added to an extended translation memory (version increment) before Phase 2 segment translation begins, per the enforcement instructions in
12_ai_translation_requirements.md. - Terms flagged Critical or High in Part B (day_of_the_lord, parousia, epiphaneia_of_parousia, man_of_lawlessness, lawlessness, the_lawless_one, son_of_destruction, satan, judged_condemned, righteous_judgment, eternal_destruction, love_agape, tradition, unrighteousness, those_perishing, delusion_error, worthy_counted_worthy, restrainer, mystery_of_lawlessness, the_evil_one, counterfeit_power, object_of_worship, temple_of_god, abolish_render_powerless, endurance_perseverance, affliction_tribulation, vengeance_retribution, apostasy) require human theologian review routing, consistent with the baseline
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonconventions, and should be added as new doctrine entries there in a subsequent step.
Critical Risk Terms
Christ
Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်
Transliteration: Khayitto
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (fixed transliteration form established in the baseline instruction document, formally added as its own translation memory entry for this curriculum). Never rendered as a generic respected-teacher title.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: သခင်ဘုရား၏နေ့ရက်တော်
Transliteration: Thakhin Bhayar i nayet-taw
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
2:2. Must not be assimilated into ဗေဒင်-determined astrological day-reckoning categories (auspicious/inauspicious days), nor into the Theravada narrative of the Sasana’s gradual decline before Metteyya’s arrival. One specific, unrepeatable day of a personal Lord’s reckoning. Never drop the possessive/honorific.
Epiphaneia Of Parousia
Approved rendering: ထင်ရှားစွာကြွလာတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: htin-shar-zwa kywa-la-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἐπιφάνεια τῆς παρουσίας
Category: Eschatology
2:8. Direct compound of parousia; same forbidden-substitution guardrails apply.
Eternal Destruction
Approved rendering: ထာဝရပျက်စီးခြင်း
Transliteration: hta-wa-ya pyet-si-chin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
1:9. Must not be read through the lens of Buddhist cessation (nirodha/nibbāna) as the desired extinguishing of craving and the peaceful end of rebirth — a positive religious goal in that tradition. Negative, personal, conscious, everlasting exclusion from God’s presence, never a soteriological goal. Never drop the ‘ထာဝရ’ (eternal) qualifier.
Father
Approved rendering: အဖ
Transliteration: a-pha
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (1:1-2, 2:16). Never ဗြဟ္မာ (Brahma).
God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရား, နတ်သခင်
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Thessalonians God is depicted as personal Judge (1:5-9), sender of a judicial delusion upon the unrepentant (2:11), and the one who elects and calls believers (2:13-14). ဘုရားသခင် must remain the exclusive term.
Grace
Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်, ကံကောင်းခြင်း, ဝါသနာတော်
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in every chapter’s greeting/benediction (1:2, 1:12, 2:16, 3:18); each occurrence carries the standing risk of drifting toward ကုသိုလ်-style merit exchange.
Jesus
Approved rendering: ယေရှု
Transliteration: Yayshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ရှင်ယေရှု
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Consistently paired with ‘Christ’ and ‘Lord’ titles in this epistle’s greetings and closings.
Judged Condemned
Approved rendering: တရားစီရင်ခြင်းခံရမည်
Transliteration: tayar-si-yin-chin khan-ya-mi
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: κρίνω (κριθῶσιν)
Category: Judgment
2:12. Direct anchor term for God’s Righteous Judgment; must retain the sense of a personal Judge issuing a specific, final verdict, not the automatic, impersonal working of ကံ (karma) across the cycle of rebirth.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyinnat-taw meh-chin
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Sin
2:3, 2:7. Total rebellion against God’s revealed moral law. Built on baseline ပညတ်တရား; must remain visibly parallel across all compound forms.
Lord
Approved rendering: သခင်
Transliteration: thakhin
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရင်, ဆရာသခင်
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. In 2:1-8 lordship is bound to the Day of the Lord and to the destruction of the lawless one by the breath of his mouth; must convey exclusive supreme authority.
Man Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း၏လူ
Transliteration: pyinnat-taw meh-chin i lu
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: ဓမ္မမဲ့သူ
Original: ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
2:3. ဓမ္မမဲ့သူ (‘dhamma-less person’) rejected because ဓမ္မ names the Buddha’s own teaching in ordinary Burmese usage; this rendering would suggest a generic irreligious figure rather than the specific eschatological rebel against God’s revealed law. Built on baseline ပညတ်တရား. Mandatory translator note every occurrence.
Parousia
Approved rendering: ကြွလာတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: kywa-la-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
2:1, 2:8-9. Christ’s future, visible, personal, bodily coming. Must not carry cyclical-return or repeated-descent connotations; must be distinguished from the Theravada expectation of Metteyya’s coming. Mandatory translator note every occurrence.
Righteous Judgment
Approved rendering: ဖြောင့်မတ်သောတရားစီရင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyaungmat-thaw tayar-si-yin-chin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: δικαία κρίσις
Category: Judgment
1:5. Built directly on the baseline’s ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း (righteousness). Distinguish sharply from ကံ, the impersonal cause-and-effect mechanism operating automatically across rebirths without a personal Judge.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ကယ်တင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kaetin-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း, လွတ်မြောက်ခြင်း
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2:10, 2:13; contrasted directly with ‘those perishing’ (those_perishing, below) — the sharpest salvation/destruction contrast in the epistle. Never နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း.
Satan
Approved rendering: စာတန်
Transliteration: Satan
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Rejected alternatives: မာရ်နတ်
Original: σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Warfare
2:9; 3:3. MUST NOT be rendered မာရ်နတ် (Mara), the Buddhist tempter-deity who assailed the Buddha under the Bodhi tree, since that would import an entirely separate non-biblical character and narrative. Follow the proper-name transliteration convention already used for Jesus, David, Israel.
Son Of Destruction
Approved rendering: ပျက်စီးခြင်း၏သား
Transliteration: pyet-si-chin i thar
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας
Category: Eschatology
2:3. Hebraic idiom: one utterly characterized by/destined for destruction. Requires a translator note explaining the idiom, given the structural resemblance to baseline ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော် (Son of God) which risks implying literal divine/spiritual parentage.
The Lawless One
Approved rendering: ပညတ်တော်မဲ့သူ
Transliteration: pyinnat-taw-meh thu
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ ἄνομος
Category: Eschatology
2:8. Title parallel to ‘man of lawlessness’ (2:3); must remain visibly parallel in Burmese so readers recognize the same figure.
High Risk Terms
Abolish Render Powerless
Approved rendering: ပယ်ရှားဖျက်သိမ်းတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: pae-shar hpyet-thein-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: καταργέω
Category: Eschatology
2:8. A decisive, once-for-all judicial act of Christ’s return, not a gradual weakening through accumulated karmic cause-and-effect.
Affliction Tribulation
Approved rendering: ဆင်းရဲဒုက္ခ
Transliteration: hsin-ye dote-kha
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Perseverance
1:4, 1:6. ဒုက္ခ (dukkha) is the technical Buddhist First Noble Truth term for universal, inescapable suffering inherent in conditioned existence, transcended by detachment. Biblical θλῖψις is specific, temporary, persecution-related suffering that produces hope. Translator note recommended at each occurrence.
Apostasy
Approved rendering: ဖောက်ပြန်ငြင်းပယ်ခြင်း
Transliteration: bauk-pyan nyin-pai-chin
Doctrine: Apostasy / The Falling Away
Original: ἀποστασία
Category: Eschatology
2:3. A foretold end-times religious rebellion/falling-away preceding the man of lawlessness; sharply distinguished from the Burmese Buddhist eschatological narrative of the Sasana’s natural gradual decline before Metteyya’s arrival, despite superficial ‘decline before a coming one’ resemblance.
Called
Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူသော
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ဖိတ်ခေါ်ခြင်း
Original: καλέω (ἐκάλεσεν)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2:14 ‘he called you through our gospel’ — effectual calling to salvation sense. Never ကံဇာတာ.
Calling
Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (1:11, ‘may make you worthy of his calling’). Never conflate with astrologically fixed destiny.
Counterfeit Power
Approved rendering: တန်ခိုး
Transliteration: tankhoe
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော် (honorific form forbidden here)
Original: δύναμις (κατ’ ἐνέργειαν τοῦ σατανᾶ)
Category: Spiritual Warfare
2:9. Satan’s counterfeit power displayed through the lawless one. Render as plain ‘တန်ခိုး’ WITHOUT the honorific ‘-တော်’ suffix reserved for God’s power, to avoid sacralizing Satan’s counterfeit displays with divine-honorific grammar.
Delusion Error
Approved rendering: လှည့်ဖျားမှု
Transliteration: hlwe-hpyar-hmu
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Rejected alternatives: မောဟ
Original: ἐνέργεια πλάνης
Category: Judgment
2:11. Distinguish from Buddhist moha (မောဟ), one of the three unwholesome roots understood as an innate universal psychological defilement; this is a specific, targeted, judicial act by a personal God at a specific historical moment, not a universal inherent defect requiring self-cultivated insight to overcome.
Election
Approved rendering: ရွေးကောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: ywaykauk-chin
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ, ကံကြမ္မာ
Original: αἱρέομαι (εἵλατο)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2:13, ‘God chose you’ (αἱρέομαι). Never ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ.
Endurance Perseverance
Approved rendering: သည်းခံနိုင်မှု
Transliteration: thi-khan-nain-hmu
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
1:4. Distinguish from equanimity/detachment (upekkhā) cultivated in Buddhist meditation to loosen attachment to outcomes and reduce felt suffering; biblical endurance fully feels the pain of persecution while actively hoping in God’s future vindication.
Glory
Approved rendering: ဘုန်းတော်
Transliteration: phon-taw
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းကံ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (1:9, 1:12, 2:14). The contrast with Satan’s non-honorific counterfeit_power in 2:9 makes maintaining ဘုန်းတော် (never ဘုန်းကံ) especially important in this book.
Gospel
Approved rendering: သတင်းကောင်း
Transliteration: thadin kaung
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Obedience
Rejected alternatives: ဓမ္မသတင်း, ကောင်းသောအကြောင်းအရာ
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1:8 ‘obey the gospel’ and 2:14 ‘called through our gospel’ must retain the specific saving-message sense, not generic institutional compliance.
Holy
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသော
Transliteration: thangyin-thaw
Doctrine: Sanctification and Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: စင်ကြယ်သော
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ’s holy angels (1:7, 1:10).
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ
Transliteration: chit-chin mate-tar
Doctrine: Love of the Truth
Rejected alternatives: မေတ္တာ (bare, unqualified)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
2:10. Plain unqualified ‘မေတ္တာ’ risks reducing agapē to the Buddhist brahmavihāra practice of mettā — a self-cultivated, meditatively generated loving-kindness extended impartially as a mental discipline that builds merit. Biblical agapē here is the willing reception of God’s self-giving love and truth. Never use bare မေတ္တာ.
Mystery Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ပညတ်တော်မဲ့ခြင်း၏ နက်နဲသောအရာတော်
Transliteration: pyinnat-taw-meh-chin i nak-nell-thaw a-yar-taw
Doctrine: The Restraining Power
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
2:7. Distinguish from the esoteric occult ‘secret knowledge’ pursued in Burmese weizza (adept) practice; this is evil already historically operative under God’s sovereign timetable, not hidden power to be acquired.
Object Of Worship
Approved rendering: ကိုးကွယ်ရာအရာ
Transliteration: ko-kwe-yar a-yar
Doctrine: Exclusive Worship of God
Original: σέβασμα
Category: Idolatry
2:4. Burmese religious life contains many legitimate-seeming σέβασμα-class objects (Buddha images, pagoda relics, nat shrines); must be taught as naming the totality of every rival object of worship, reinforcing that worship belongs to God alone.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i tankhoe-taw
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (1:7, 1:11). Retain the honorific ‘-တော်’ suffix; contrast deliberately with the non-honorific counterfeit_power used for Satan’s power in 2:9.
Restrainer
Approved rendering: ဆီးတားနေသည့်အရာ / ဆီးတားသူ
Transliteration: si-tar-ne-thi a-yar / si-tar-thu
Doctrine: The Restraining Power
Original: τὸ κατέχον / ὁ κατέχων
Category: Eschatology
2:6-7. Preserve the text’s own grammatical ambiguity (neuter thing in v.6, masculine person in v.7); do not resolve the long-debated theological identity question by over-specifying in translation.
Saints
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသူများ
Transliteration: thangyin thu myar
Doctrine: Sanctification and Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ရဟန္တာ, ရှင်ရဟန်း
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (1:10, ‘glorified in his saints’). Not an ascetic elite comparable to ရဟန္တာ.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: thangyin-chin
Doctrine: Sanctification and Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ရေချိုးသန့်စင်ခြင်း
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 2:13 ‘sanctification of the Spirit’; distinct from ritual purification or self-directed meditative mind-purification.
Sign Wonder
Approved rendering: နိမိတ်လက္ခဏာ / အံ့ဖွယ်အမှုအရာ
Transliteration: neimit lekkhana / an-bwe a-hmu-a-yar
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Original: σημεῖον / τέρας
Category: Spiritual Warfare
2:9. နိမိတ် carries strong divinatory/omen-reading connotations in Burmese folk religion, fitting for the counterfeit character of these signs but requiring translators to explicitly mark them as false and Satan-empowered, never legitimate.
Temple Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ဗိမာန်တော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i beiman-taw
Doctrine: Exclusive Worship of God
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားကျောင်း, ဘုရားရိပ်သာ
Original: ναός τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Idolatry
2:4. ဗိမာန်တော် must not be confused with ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ (already rejected in the baseline for ‘church’). Requires a translator note that this refers to the biblical sanctuary concept, never a Buddhist sacred site.
The Evil One
Approved rendering: ဆိုးညစ်သူ
Transliteration: soe-nyit-thu
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Rejected alternatives: မာရ်နတ်
Original: ὁ πονηρός
Category: Spiritual Warfare
3:3. Title for Satan, parallel to 2:9. Same guardrail as satan: avoid မာရ်နတ်; may pair with the transliteration စာတန် and a clarifying note where clearly referring to Satan specifically.
Those Perishing
Approved rendering: ပျက်စီးလုနီးသူများ
Transliteration: pyet-si lu-ni thu-myar
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι
Category: Judgment
2:10. Personal, culpable perishing under a personal God’s judgment; must not evoke the impersonal dissolution of a self that, in Buddhist anatta teaching, was never truly substantial to begin with. Dark mirror of the baseline’s rejection of နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း for salvation.
Tradition
Approved rendering: လက်ဆင့်ကမ်းသင်ကြားချက်
Transliteration: let-hsin-kan thin-kya-chet
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်း
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Church
2:15, 3:6. Must be distinguished from ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်း (customary ritual/folk practice — pagoda festivals, merit-making calendar rites, life-cycle ceremonies), which names optional cultural custom. Here παράδοσις names authoritative apostolic doctrinal instruction carrying Scripture-level authority, anchored to Paul’s own teaching, not an open magisterial tradition.
Truth
Approved rendering: သမ္မာတရား
Transliteration: thanma taya
Doctrine: Love of the Truth
Rejected alternatives: အရိယာသစ္စာ
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Faith
2:10, 2:12-13. Distinguish from Buddhist ‘noble/solemn truth’ (အရိယာသစ္စာ, e.g. Four Noble Truths) discovered through personal insight; biblical truth is a revealed, personal, propositional reality about Christ, received or refused, with eternal consequences before a personal Judge.
Unrighteousness
Approved rendering: မတရားမှု
Transliteration: ma-tayar-hmu
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀδικία
Category: Sin
2:10, 2:12. Deliberately built as the antonym-pair of the baseline’s ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း (righteousness), reinforcing the righteousness/unrighteousness contrast.
Vengeance Retribution
Approved rendering: လက်စားချေခြင်း
Transliteration: let-sar-chay-chin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἐκδίκησις
Category: Judgment
1:8. Distinguish from both personal vendetta and from impersonal karmic retribution; God’s own righteous judicial action against those who reject the gospel.
Worthy Counted Worthy
Approved rendering: ထိုက်တန်သည်ဟု မှတ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: htite-tan-thi-hto hmat-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ရခြင်း
Original: ἀξιόω
Category: Perseverance
1:5, 1:11. Must NOT be taught as self-earned merit accumulated through good deeds (ကုသိုလ်); this worthiness is God’s own gracious reckoning connected to faithful endurance, consistent with the baseline’s grace-not-merit framework.
Medium Risk Terms
Adversary Opponent
Approved rendering: ဆန့်ကျင်ဘက်ပြုသူ
Transliteration: hsan-kyin-bet pyu-thu
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἀντικείμενος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
2:4. Standard adversarial title, applied here to the lawless one who opposes every rival object of worship.
Believe The Lie
Approved rendering: မုသာကို ယုံကြည်ခြင်း
Transliteration: mutha ko yun-kyi-chin
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Original: πιστεύω τῷ ψεύδει
Category: Judgment
2:11. Ironic reuse of the faith-root πιστεύω; the Burmese verb chosen must share the same root as ယုံကြည်ခြင်း (faith) elsewhere to preserve Paul’s irony that the very capacity for faith is misdirected toward falsehood.
Breath Of His Mouth
Approved rendering: နှုတ်တော်မှထွက်သော အသက်ရှူသံ
Transliteration: hnoke-taw hma htwet-thaw a-thet-shu-than
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: πνεῦμα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology
2:8. Christ’s spoken word as the effortless instrument of judgment (echoing Isaiah 11:4), categorically distinct from folk-Buddhist practices of ritually ‘blowing’ (မှုတ်တံ) blessed breath by monks or spirit-mediums for protective/magical effect. Translator note recommended.
Church
Approved rendering: အသင်းတော်
Transliteration: athin-taw
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားကျောင်း, ဘုရားရိပ်သာ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (1:1 address to ‘the church of the Thessalonians’). Never ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ.
Deliverance Rescue
Approved rendering: ကယ်ဆယ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: kae-hsae-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Deliverance from Evil and Wicked People
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Salvation
3:2. Temporal deliverance from hostile and wicked people. Keep visibly distinct from the Critical-risk ကယ်တင်ခြင်း (salvation) so readers do not conflate temporal rescue with eternal salvation.
Faith
Approved rendering: ယုံကြည်ခြင်း
Transliteration: yun-kyi-chin
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: သဒ္ဓါတရား
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2:11-13 ironically reuses the same faith-root verb for ‘believing the lie’ (πιστεύω τῷ ψεύδει); see believe_the_lie below, which must share the recognizable root with this term.
Faithful Of The Lord
Approved rendering: သစ္စာရှိတော်မူသော
Transliteration: thissa-shi-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: The Faithfulness of God
Original: πιστός
Category: God
3:3. Names God’s own reliable character toward his people, not a devotee’s faithfulness to vows made to the Triple Gem or another object of devotion.
Gathering Together
Approved rendering: စုရုံးစည်းလုံးခြင်း
Transliteration: su-yon si-lon-chin
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἐπισυναγωγή
Category: Eschatology
2:1. Distinguish from ordinary congregational assembly (church, အသင်းတော်); this is specifically the end-times gathering to Christ.
Hope
Approved rendering: မျှော်လင့်ခြင်း
Transliteration: myaw-lin-chin
Doctrine: Hope in Christ’s Return
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
2:16. Buddhist doctrine often analyzes wishing for future states as taṇhā (craving) perpetuating dukkha and rebirth; Christian hope must be taught positively as confident expectation grounded in God’s unbreakable promise, not suppressed as unhealthy attachment.
Kairos Appointed Time
Approved rendering: သင့်လျော်သောအချိန်ကာလ
Transliteration: thin-lyaw-thaw a-chein-kalar
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: καιρός
Category: Eschatology
2:6. God’s own appointed, divinely fixed season for revealing the lawless one. Must not be conflated with ဗေဒင်-determined astrologically favorable timing (ကာလကောင်း).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏နိုင်ငံတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i nainggan-taw
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းတော်နိုင်ငံ
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package (1:5, suffering ‘for the kingdom of God’). Distinguish from a political nainggan.
Lords Presence
Approved rendering: သခင်ဘုရား၏ မျက်နှာတော်ရှေ့မှ ဝှမ်းသုတ်ခြင်း
Transliteration: Thakhin Bhayar i myet-hna-taw shay hma wan-thoke-chin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: πρόσωπον τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Judgment
1:9. ‘Shut out from the presence of the Lord’ — relational exclusion from a personal God, distinguished from mere physical absence.
Obedience
Approved rendering: နာခံခြင်း
Transliteration: na-khan-chin
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: ὑπακούω
Category: Faith
1:8, 3:14. Where obedience flows from and confirms genuine faith, align with the baseline’s ယုံကြည်ခြင်း၏နာခံမှု (obedience of faith) framing rather than a bare compliance sense.
Peace
Approved rendering: ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: nyein-thet-chin
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ကိလေသာငြိမ်းခြင်း
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (1:2, 3:16). No new risk beyond baseline note distinguishing it from meditative stilling of mental defilements.
Persecution
Approved rendering: နှိပ်စက်ညှဉ်းပန်းခြင်း
Transliteration: hnate-set nyin-pan-chin
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: διωγμός
Category: Perseverance
1:4. Standard vocabulary; low collision risk beyond maintaining consistency.
Repay Recompense
Approved rendering: အစားပြန်ဆပ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: a-sar-pyan-sat-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀνταποδίδωμι
Category: Judgment
1:6. God repaying affliction to those who afflict the church. Must be framed as righteous judicial repayment by God, not personal human revenge.
Self Exaltation
Approved rendering: မိမိကိုယ်ကို အလွန်အမင်းမြှောက်ပင့်ခြင်း
Transliteration: a-lwun a-min myauk-pin-chin
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὑπεραίρομαι
Category: Sin
2:4. Theme of self-deification, the diametrical opposite of Christ’s humility.
Stand Firm Established
Approved rendering: ခိုင်မာစေတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: khine-mar-say-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: στηρίζω
Category: Faith
2:17, 3:3. God’s own stabilizing work in believers’ hearts; anchor term for Standing Firm in the Traditions.
The Lie
Approved rendering: မုသာ / လိမ်လည်မှု
Transliteration: mutha / lein-le-hmu
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and Counterfeit Power
Original: ψεῦδος
Category: Sin
2:9-11. The definite article marks a specific, targeted end-times deception, not lying in general.
Low Risk Terms
Busybody
Approved rendering: သူတစ်ပါးအမှုစွက်ဖက်သူ
Transliteration: thu-tabar a-hmu swet-phet-thu
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Order
Original: περιεργάζομαι
Category: Church
3:11. No significant doctrinal risk.
Eternal Comfort
Approved rendering: ထာဝရနှစ်သိမ့်ခြင်း
Transliteration: hta-wa-ya hnit-thein-chin
Doctrine: Hope in Christ’s Return
Original: παράκλησις αἰωνία
Category: Faith
2:16. Related to the baseline exhort/comfort term; no new forbidden substitution.
Exhort
Approved rendering: တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း
Transliteration: taik-tun hnoso-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive: 2:17 comfort, 3:12 exhort, per baseline note.
Idle Disorderly
Approved rendering: စည်းကမ်းမလိုက်နာသူ
Transliteration: si-gan ma-laik-nar-thu
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Order
Original: ἄτακτος / ἀτάκτως
Category: Church
3:6-11. Military ‘out of ranks’ metaphor; low doctrinal collision risk.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kyayzu-tin-chin
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστοῦμεν
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package (1:3, 2:13). Standard vocabulary; minor risk of drift toward ritual merit-dedication language (ကုသိုလ်ရှေးရေး).
Referenced passages