Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Luke (Full Book)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, citing terms from the core passage (Luke 4:16-21) and from every chapter of Luke (1–24). Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json are marked [BASELINE] and their recorded Burmese rendering is reused exactly, per the hard rule that established renderings must never be altered. New terms introduced by Luke are marked [NEW] and are proposed here for addition to translation memory at Phase 2, subject to theologian/native-speaker review per their risk tier.
Risk tiers follow the baseline definitions:
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — mistranslation creates significant theological confusion/syncretism risk; human theologian review required.
- Medium — mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision risk; automated review sufficient.
Glossary Table
| # | English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Burmese Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine(s) | Chapters (Luke) | Rendering Risk / Collision Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gospel / good news | εὐαγγέλιον / euangelion | သတင်းကောင်း | [BASELINE] | High | Gospel; SAV | 1:19, 2:10, 4:18, 7:22, 8:1, 9:6, 20:1 | Reuse exactly; verb form (εὐαγγελίζομαι) proclaims the same authoritative announcement, never generic good news. |
| 2 | Grace / favor | χάρις / charis | ကျေးဇူးတော် | [BASELINE] | Critical | Grace; SAV | 1:30, 2:40, 2:52, 4:22 | Reuse exactly; never ကုသိုလ်/ကံကောင်းခြင်း. |
| 3 | Faith / believe | πίστις, πιστεύω / pistis, pisteuō | ယုံကြည်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Medium/High | Faith; REP | 5:20, 7:9, 7:50, 8:12-13, 8:25, 8:48, 17:6, 17:19, 18:8, 18:42, 22:32 | Reuse exactly; object of faith must remain Christ, not generic confidence. |
| 4 | Righteousness / righteous | δικαιοσύνη, δίκαιος / dikaiosynē, dikaios | ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း / ဖြောင့်မတ်သော | [BASELINE] | Critical | Salvation | 1:6, 1:75, 5:32, 15:7, 18:9, 20:20, 23:47 | Reuse exactly; never ကုသိုလ်ကံ/သီလ. |
| 5 | Justification / justified | δικαιόω / dikaioō | ဖြောင့်မတ်ရာသို့ ရောက်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Critical | Salvation | 18:14 | Reuse exactly. The tax collector’s prayer (18:9-14) is the key Lukan narrative instantiation; flag for theologian review as a cross-reference to Romans justification doctrine. |
| 6 | Salvation / save | σωτηρία, σῴζω / sōtēria, sōzō | ကယ်တင်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Critical | Salvation; SAV | 1:69, 1:71, 1:77, 2:30, 3:6, 7:50, 8:12, 8:36, 8:48, 8:50, 9:24, 13:23, 18:26, 18:42, 19:9-10, 23:35, 23:37, 23:39 | Reuse exactly; never နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း. Luke’s most concentrated doctrine — pervades the whole book, esp. 19:9-10 mission statement. |
| 7 | Apostle | ἀπόστολος / apostolos | တမန်တော် | [BASELINE] | Medium | Apostleship | 6:13, 9:10, 11:49, 17:5, 22:14, 24:10 | Reuse exactly. |
| 8 | Called / calling | κλητός, κλῆσις / klētos, klēsis | ခေါ်တော်မူသော / ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း | [BASELINE] | High | Divine Calling | 5:32, 14:13 (“call the poor”), 19:10 | Reuse exactly; distinguish from ကံဇာတာ. |
| 9 | Holy | ἅγιος / hagios | သန့်ရှင်းသော | [BASELINE] | High | Sanctification | 1:35, 1:49, 1:70, 1:72, 2:23, 4:34 | Reuse exactly. |
| 10 | Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον, Πνεῦμα Κυρίου / pneuma hagion | သန့်ရှင်းသောဝိညာဉ်တော် | [BASELINE] | Critical | HS (Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History) | 1:15, 1:35, 1:41, 1:67, 2:25-27, 3:16, 3:22, 4:1, 4:14, 4:18, 10:21, 11:13, 12:10, 12:12, 24:49 | Reuse exactly; never ဝိညာဉ် alone or နတ်ဝိညာဉ်. Luke’s most Spirit-saturated Gospel — every chapter of the birth narrative and the whole ministry is Spirit-marked. |
| 11 | Sanctification | ἁγιασμός / hagiasmos | သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း | [BASELINE] | High | Sanctification | (thematic; cf. 1:75 “holiness”) | Reuse exactly. |
| 12 | Resurrection | ἀνάστασις / anastasis | ထမြောက်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Critical | Resurrection of Christ | 9:22, 14:14, 18:33, 20:27-38, 24:6-7, 24:34, 24:46 | Reuse exactly; never ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း/ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း. Ch. 20 (Sadducee debate) and ch. 24 are the doctrinal climaxes. |
| 13 | Lord | κύριος / kyrios | သခင် | [BASELINE] | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:43, 2:11, 4:18, 5:8, 6:5, 10:1, 19:31, 20:42, 24:34 | Reuse exactly. |
| 14 | Son of God | υἱὸς θεοῦ / huios theou | ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော် | [BASELINE] | Critical | Sonship/Deity of Christ | 1:32, 1:35, 3:22, 3:38 (Adam), 4:3, 4:9, 4:41, 8:28, 9:35 | Reuse exactly. |
| 15 | Incarnation | (theological category; cf. λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο) | လူ့ဇာတိခံယူခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Critical | Incarnation | 1:31-35, 2:6-7 | Reuse exactly; never ဘုရားလောင်းအဖြစ်မွေးဖွားခြင်း/နတ်ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း. |
| 16 | Peace | εἰρήνη / eirēnē | ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Medium | Peace with God | 1:79, 2:14, 2:29, 7:50, 8:48, 19:38, 19:42, 24:36 | Reuse exactly. |
| 17 | Thanksgiving | εὐχαριστία, εὐχαριστέω / eucharistia | ကျေးဇူးတင်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Low | Thanksgiving | 17:16, 18:11, 22:17, 22:19 | Reuse exactly. |
| 18 | Fellowship | κοινωνία (thematic) | မိတ်သဟာယ | [BASELINE] | Low | Christian Fellowship | thematic across table-fellowship scenes | Reuse exactly. |
| 19 | Kingdom of God | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ / basileia tou theou | ဘုရားသခင်၏နိုင်ငံတော် | [BASELINE] | Medium | KGD | 4:43, 6:20, 8:1, 8:10, 9:2, 9:60, 10:9, 11:20, 12:31, 13:18-29, 14:15, 16:16, 17:20-21, 18:16-17, 18:24-29, 19:11, 21:31, 22:16-18, 23:42, 23:51 | Reuse exactly. Central to KGD doctrine; 17:20-21’s ambiguous ἐντὸς ὑμῶν is the highest-risk single occurrence — see glossary #52. |
| 20 | Law | νόμος / nomos | ပညတ်တရား | [BASELINE] | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 2:22-27, 2:39, 10:26, 16:16-17, 24:44 | Reuse exactly. |
| 21 | Sin | ἁμαρτία / hamartia | အပြစ် | [BASELINE] | High | Universal Human Accountability; REP | 1:77, 3:3, 5:20-24, 7:47-49, 11:4, 15:7-10, 17:3-4, 24:47 | Reuse exactly. |
| 22 | Gentiles / nations | ἔθνη / ethnē | တစ်ပါးအမျိုးသား | [BASELINE] | Medium | SAV; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:32, 12:30, 18:32, 21:24, 22:25, 24:47 | Reuse exactly. |
| 23 | Glory | δόξα / doxa | ဘုန်းတော် | [BASELINE] | High | Deity of Christ | 2:9, 2:14, 2:32, 9:26, 9:31-32, 17:18, 19:38, 21:27, 24:26 | Reuse exactly. |
| 24 | Power of God | δύναμις θεοῦ / dynamis theou | ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော် | [BASELINE] | High | Power of God for Salvation; HS | 1:35, 4:14, 4:36, 5:17, 6:19, 8:46, 9:1, 10:19, 24:49 | Reuse exactly; never အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး (relic/amulet potency). |
| 25 | Messiah / Christ | Χριστός, μέσσιας / Christos | မေရှိယ (doctrinal category) / ခရစ်တော် (running-text title) | [BASELINE] | Critical | Messianic Promise | 2:11, 2:26, 3:15, 4:18(implicit via χρίω), 9:20, 20:41, 22:67, 23:2, 23:35, 23:39, 24:26, 24:46 | Reuse exactly; never မိတ္တေယျ. Christ as running title = ခရစ်တော် per AI requirements transliteration standard; the doctrinal category name retains မေရှိယ. |
| 26 | Prophet | προφήτης / prophētēs | ပရောဖက် | [BASELINE] | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 1:76, 4:17, 4:24, 7:16, 7:26, 9:8, 9:19, 11:47-50, 13:33-34, 16:16, 16:29-31, 20:6, 24:19, 24:25, 24:27 | Reuse exactly. |
| 27 | Prophecy | προφητεία / prophēteia | ပရောဖက်ပြုချက် | [BASELINE] | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 1:70, 4:21, 18:31, 21:22, 22:37, 24:44 | Reuse exactly. |
| 28 | Covenant | διαθήκη / diathēkē | ပဋိညာဉ် | [BASELINE] | High | Davidic Covenant; New Covenant | 1:72, 22:20 | Reuse exactly; new-covenant compound: ပဋိညာဉ်သစ်. |
| 29 | Intercession / prayer of another on one’s behalf | ἔντευξις (thematic) | အသနားခံခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Medium | Prayer and Intercession | thematic (22:32, 23:34) | Reuse exactly. |
| 30 | Providence | (theological category; πρόνοια) | ဘုရားသခင်၏ကြည့်ရှုစောင့်ရှောက်မှု | [BASELINE] | High | Providence; HS | 12:6-7, 12:24-30, 21:18, 24:26 (ἔδει) | Reuse exactly; never ကံ. |
| 31 | Mission | ἀποστολή, πέμπω (thematic) | သာသနာပြုလုပ်ငန်း | [BASELINE] | Medium | Mission; SAV | 9:1-6, 10:1-12, 24:47-49 | Reuse exactly; retain standing note re: Sasana-institutional connotation. |
| 32 | David | Δαυίδ / Dauid | ဒါဝိဒ် | [BASELINE] | Medium | Davidic Covenant | 1:27, 1:32, 1:69, 2:4, 2:11, 3:31, 6:3, 18:38-39, 20:41-44 | Reuse exactly. |
| 33 | Israel | Ἰσραήλ / Israēl | ဣသရေလ | [BASELINE] | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 1:16, 1:54, 1:68, 1:80, 2:25, 2:32, 2:34, 4:25, 4:27, 22:30, 24:21 | Reuse exactly. |
| 34 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς / Iēsous | ယေရှု | [BASELINE] | Critical | Lordship of Christ | throughout | Reuse exactly. |
| 35 | God | θεός / theos | ဘုရားသခင် | [BASELINE] | Critical | Deity of Christ | throughout | Reuse exactly; never ဘုရား alone or နတ်သခင်. |
| 36 | Father (of God) | πατήρ / patēr | အဖ | [BASELINE] | Critical | Adoption | 2:49, 6:36, 9:26, 10:21-22, 11:2-13, 12:30-32, 15:11-32, 22:29, 22:42, 23:34, 23:46, 24:49 | Reuse exactly; never ဗြဟ္မာ. Also embodied narratively in the Prodigal Son father (ch. 15). |
| 37 | Exhort | παρακαλέω / parakaleō | တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း | [BASELINE] | Low | Mutual Edification | thematic | Reuse exactly. |
| 38 | Angel | ἄγγελος / angelos | ကောင်းကင်တမန် | [NEW] | Medium | HS; Incarnation | 1:11, 1:13, 1:19, 1:26, 1:30, 1:34-38, 2:9-15, 4:10, 9:26, 12:8-9, 15:10, 16:22, 22:43, 24:23 | Distinguish clearly from Burmese နတ် (nat spirits) that are propitiated for favor; angels are God’s obedient messengers, not intermediary spirits requiring offerings. |
| 39 | Savior | σωτήρ / sōtēr | ကယ်တင်ရှင် | [NEW] | Critical | SAV; Salvation | 1:47, 2:11 | Consistent with baseline salvation root ကယ်တင်ခြင်း; never suggest self-attained deliverance. |
| 40 | Most High | ὕψιστος / hypsistos | အမြင့်ဆုံးသောဘုရား | [NEW] | High | Deity of Christ; Sonship | 1:32, 1:35, 1:76, 6:35, 8:28 | Distinguish from Buddhist cosmological hierarchy of realms (e.g. Brahma-loka); this is the one supreme personal God. |
| 41 | Virgin | παρθένος / parthenos | ကညာ | [NEW] | Critical | Incarnation | 1:27, 1:34 | Unique, non-repeatable divine act; not analogous to folk miraculous-birth narratives. |
| 42 | Overshadow | ἐπισκιάζω / episkiazō | လွှမ်းမိုးတော်မူခြင်း | [NEW] | Critical | Incarnation; HS | 1:35 | Never render implying nat-spirit possession; standing translator note required. |
| 43 | Mercy | ἔλεος / eleos | ကရုဏာတော် | [NEW] | High | HS; SAV; POOR | 1:50, 1:54, 1:58, 1:72, 1:78, 10:37, 15:20 (implied), 17:13, 18:38-39 | Collision: ကရုဏာ is one of the four Brahmavihara (meditative compassion). Biblical mercy is personal, covenantal, initiative-taking kindness from God’s character, not a cultivated meditative attainment — translator note required each major occurrence. |
| 44 | Redemption | λύτρωσις, ἀπολύτρωσις / lytrōsis | ရွေးနှင်းခြင်း | [NEW] | High | SAV; KGD | 1:68, 2:38, 21:28, 24:21 | Keep root consistent across all occurrences to preserve the thematic arc from birth-narrative promise to eschatological consummation. |
| 45 | Manger | φάτνη / phatnē | နွားစားခွက် | [NEW] | Low | POOR; Incarnation | 2:7, 2:12, 2:16 | No collision; symbol of lowly birth. |
| 46 | Good pleasure / favor | εὐδοκία / eudokia | နှစ်သက်တော်မူခြင်း | [NEW] | High | Grace; SAV | 2:14 | Echo baseline grace concept: God-initiated favor, not merited. |
| 47 | Light for revelation to the Gentiles | φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν | အလင်းတော် / ဗျာဒိတ်ပြခြင်း | [NEW] | High | SAV; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:32 | Retain full universal scope of “the nations”; do not narrow ethnically. |
| 48 | Temple | ναός, ἱερόν / naos, hieron | ဗိမာန်တော် | [NEW] | Medium | Church-adjacent; Prayer | 2:22-49, 4:9, 18:10, 19:45-47, 20:1, 21:5-38, 22:52-53, 24:53 | Distinguish from ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ per baseline church note. |
| 49 | Repentance | μετάνοια, μετανοέω / metanoia | နောင်တရခြင်း | [NEW] | High | REP | 3:3, 3:8, 5:32, 13:3, 13:5, 15:7, 15:10, 15:17-20, 16:30, 17:3-4, 24:47 | Distinguish from ritual demerit-reduction; relational turning to a personal God who forgives. |
| 50 | Baptism | βάπτισμα, βαπτίζω / baptisma | ဗတ္တိဇံ | [NEW] | High | REP; HS | 3:3-22, 7:29-30, 12:50, 20:4 | Retain transliteration; avoid indigenous ritual-washing terms tied to merit-bathing at pagodas. |
| 51 | Forgiveness of sins | ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν / aphesis hamartiōn | အပြစ်လွှတ်ခြင်း | [NEW] | High | REP | 1:77, 3:3, 5:20-24, 7:47-49, 11:4, 17:3-4, 24:47 | Shares root လွှတ် with “release” (glossary #57) — deliberate wordplay per Luke 4:18; keep root visible. |
| 52 | Wrath | ὀργή / orgē | အမျက်တော် | [NEW] | Medium | REP; Universal Human Accountability | 3:7, 21:23 | Personal, moral, judicial anger — not impersonal karmic retribution. |
| 53 | Temptation / tempt | πειρασμός, πειράζω / peirasmos | စုံစမ်းခြင်း / ဖြားယောင်းခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 4:1-13, 8:13, 11:4, 22:28, 22:40, 22:46 | Context-sensitive between neutral test and malicious enticement. |
| 54 | Devil | διάβολος / diabolos | မာရ်နတ် | [NEW] | Critical | DISC; HS | 4:2-13, 8:12 | Distinguish sharply from the general 37-nat pantheon; names one wholly malevolent personal being, never propitiated. |
| 55 | Authority | ἐξουσία / exousia | အခွင့်အာဏာ | [NEW] | High | Lordship of Christ; KGD | 4:6, 4:32, 4:36, 5:24, 9:1, 10:19, 19:17, 20:2, 20:8, 20:20, 22:53, 23:7 | Distinguish Christ’s God-given authority from any authority mediated through occult submission. |
| 56 | Demon / unclean spirit | δαιμόνιον, πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον | နတ်ဆိုး / ညစ်ညမ်းသောနတ်ဝိညာဉ် | [NEW] | Critical | HS; KGD | 4:33-41, 6:18, 7:21, 8:2, 8:26-39, 9:1, 9:37-43, 9:49, 10:17, 11:14-26, 13:32 | CRITICAL collision with Burmese nat-spirit cosmology; standing translator note required distinguishing wholly-evil, defeated demons from the ambivalent, propitiated nat pantheon. |
| 57 | Release (captives) | ἄφεσις / aphesis | လွှတ်ငြိမ်းခွင့် | [NEW] | High | POOR; REP | 4:18 | Same root as forgiveness (#51); Luke’s deliberate wordplay linking social liberation and sin-forgiveness. |
| 58 | Poor | πτωχός / ptōchos | ဆင်းရဲသား | [NEW] | High | POOR; SAV | 1:53, 4:18, 6:20, 7:22, 14:13, 14:21, 16:20-22, 18:22, 19:8, 21:3 | Avoid karma-of-poverty framing; God’s favor is unconditioned mercy, not a statement on merit-standing. |
| 59 | Rich | πλούσιος / plousios | ချမ်းသာသူ | [NEW] | High | POOR | 1:53, 6:24, 12:16-21, 14:12, 16:1, 16:19-31, 18:23-25, 19:2, 21:1 | Avoid implying wealth = merited good karma; Luke’s consistent warning tone must be preserved. |
| 60 | Blind | τυφλός / typhlos | မျက်စိကန်းသူ | [NEW] | Medium | POOR | 4:18, 7:21-22, 14:13, 14:21, 18:35-43 | Avoid implying moral-fault causation (folk-karmic reading). |
| 61 | Captive | αἰχμάλωτος / aichmalōtos | သုံ့ပန်း | [NEW] | High | POOR; REP | 4:18 | Teach both literal (oppressed/imprisoned) and spiritual (bondage to sin) senses together. |
| 62 | Oppressed / crushed | τεθραυσμένος / tethrausmenos | ညှင်းပန်းနှိပ်စက်ခံရသူများ | [NEW] | Medium | POOR | 4:18 | Avoid implying deserved karmic consequence. |
| 63 | Anoint | χρίω / chriō | ဘိသိက်ပေးတော်မူခြင်း | [NEW] | High | Messianic Promise; HS | 4:18 | Root of “Christ/Messiah” title; must be linked explicitly in teaching notes. |
| 64 | Proclaim / preach | κηρύσσω / kēryssō | ကြေညာသည် / ဟောပြောသည် | [NEW] | Medium | Gospel; SAV | 4:18-19, 8:1, 9:2, 24:47 | Formal, authoritative public proclamation register. |
| 65 | Acceptable year of the Lord | ἐνιαυτὸς Κυρίου δεκτός | ကျေးဇူးတော်နှစ် | [NEW] | High | Grace; POOR; KGD | 4:19 | Requires Jubilee (Leviticus 25) background note; echoes baseline grace term ကျေးဇူးတော်. |
| 66 | Today (inaugurated fulfillment) | σήμερον / sēmeron | ယနေ့ | [NEW] | High | KGD | 4:21, 19:9, 23:43 | Preserve inaugurated-eschatology force (“already,” not only “someday”); consistent across 4:21, 19:9, 23:43. |
| 67 | Sabbath | σάββατον / sabbaton | ဥပုသ်နေ့ | [NEW] | Critical | Lordship of Christ; KGD | 4:16, 4:31, 6:1-11, 13:10-17, 14:1-6, 23:56 | CRITICAL collision — the established Myanmar Bible term is identical to the Buddhist Uposatha observance day. Standing translator note required at every occurrence distinguishing creation-rest/covenant-sign fulfilled in Christ’s Lordship from merit-linked precept observance. |
| 68 | Synagogue | συναγωγή / synagōgē | တရားစရပ် | [NEW] | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 4:15-16, 4:20, 4:28, 4:33, 4:38 (implied), 6:6, 7:5, 8:41 (implied), 13:10 | Builds on baseline law root ပညတ်တရား; note the shared တရား root’s dharma-adjacent connotation, already accepted per baseline. |
| 69 | Disciple | μαθητής / mathētēs | တပည့်တော် | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 5:11, 5:30-33, 6:1, 6:13, 6:17, 6:20, 6:40, 7:11, 7:18-19, 8:9, 8:22, 9:1, 9:14, 9:16, 9:18, 9:40-43, 9:54, 10:23, 11:1, 12:1, 12:22, 14:26-33, 16:1, 17:1, 17:22, 18:15, 19:29, 19:37, 19:39, 20:45, 22:11, 22:39, 22:45 | Distinguish from a monk’s or teacher’s apprentice pupil; entails total allegiance to a living, resurrected Lord. |
| 70 | Son of Man | υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου / huios tou anthrōpou | လူသားတော် | [NEW] | Critical | Deity of Christ; KGD | 5:24, 6:5, 6:22, 7:34, 9:22, 9:26, 9:44, 9:56, 9:58, 11:30, 12:8, 12:10, 12:40, 17:22-30, 18:8, 18:31, 19:10, 21:27, 21:36, 22:22, 22:48, 22:69, 24:7 | Must retain Daniel 7 exalted-authority background, not flattened to mere “a human being.” |
| 71 | Sinner | ἁμαρτωλός / hamartōlos | အပြစ်ရှိသူ | [NEW] | High | FELL; REP | 5:8, 5:30-32, 6:32-34, 7:34, 7:37-39, 15:1-2, 15:7, 15:10, 18:13, 19:7 | Root reuse from baseline sin term. |
| 72 | Tax collector | τελώνης / telōnēs | အခွန်ခံ | [NEW] | Medium | FELL | 3:12, 5:27-30, 7:29, 7:34, 15:1, 18:10-13, 19:2 | Cultural-bridging note recommended re: social stigma intensity. |
| 73 | Fasting | νηστεία, νηστεύω / nēsteia | အစာရှောင်ခြင်း | [NEW] | High | DISC; REP | 2:37, 5:33-35, 18:12 | Distinguish from merit-generating Buddhist fast days; reoriented around Messiah’s presence. |
| 74 | Bridegroom | νυμφίος / nymphios | မင်္ဂလာဆောင်သတို့သား | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 5:34-35, 12:35-36 | Christological self-reference; wedding-banquet imagery echoed later. |
| 75 | Blessed | μακάριος / makarios | မင်္ဂလာရှိသော | [NEW] | High | POOR; KGD | 1:45, 6:20-22, 7:23, 10:23, 11:27-28, 12:37-38, 12:43, 14:14-15, 23:29 | Collision with Mangala Sutta’s achieved-blessing pattern; biblical blessedness is bestowed favor, especially on the lowly. |
| 76 | Woe | οὐαί / ouai | အမင်္ဂလာ | [NEW] | Medium | POOR | 6:24-26, 10:13, 11:42-52, 17:1, 21:23, 22:22 | Prophetic lament/warning register, not a simple curse-formula. |
| 77 | Enemy | ἐχθρός / echthros | ရန်သူ | [NEW] | Low | DISC | 6:27, 6:35, 19:27, 19:43, 20:43 | No collision. |
| 78 | Love (agape) | ἀγαπάω, ἀγάπη / agapaō | ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 6:27-35, 7:42-47, 10:27, 11:42 | Established compound; distinguish from self-cultivated Brahmavihara metta — grounded in the Father’s command and character. |
| 79 | Reward | μισθός / misthos | ဆုလာဘ် | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 6:23, 6:35 | Distinguish from merit-reward vocabulary; a gracious gift, consistent with baseline grace. |
| 80 | Centurion | ἑκατοντάρχης / hekatontarchēs | တပ်မှူး | [NEW] | Medium | SAV | 7:2-10, 23:47 | Gentile-outsider significance for Unity of Jews and Gentiles doctrine. |
| 81 | Compassion / moved with pity | σπλαγχνίζομαι / splanchnizomai | သနားညှာတာစိတ်ရှိသော | [NEW] | High | FELL | 7:13, 10:33, 15:20 | Distinguish from cultivated karuna/metta; Jesus’ spontaneous, personal, embodied compassion flowing from his identity as Savior. |
| 82 | Offended / caused to stumble | σκανδαλίζω / skandalizō | ယုံကြည်ခြင်းကို ထိခိုက်ခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | REP; DISC | 7:23, 17:2 | Do not flatten to mere “annoyed.” |
| 83 | Seed | σπόρος, σπέρμα / sporos | မျိုးစေ့ | [NEW] | Medium | KGD | 8:5-15 | Parable of the Sower. |
| 84 | Word of God | λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ / logos tou theou | ဘုရားသခင်၏နှုတ်ကပတ်တော် | [NEW] | High | HS; Inspiration of Scripture | 5:1, 8:11, 8:21, 11:28 | Long-established Myanmar Bible term; retain exactly throughout. |
| 85 | Lamp | λύχνος / lychnos | ဆီမီး | [NEW] | Low | DISC | 8:16, 11:33-36, 12:35 | Visible-faithfulness/mission metaphor. |
| 86 | Blood | αἷμα / haima | သွေး | [NEW] | High | FELL (ch.8); Atonement (ch.22) | 8:43-44, 13:1, 22:20 | Ritual-impurity sense (ch.8) vs. sacrificial/covenantal sense (ch.22) — context distinguishes; ch.22 usage flagged for theologian review per atonement escalation rule. |
| 87 | Christ of God | Χριστὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ | ဘုရားသခင်၏ခရစ်တော် | [NEW] | Critical | Messianic Promise; Deity of Christ | 9:20 | Peter’s confession; pivotal Christological climax. |
| 88 | Cloud (theophany) | νεφέλη / nephelē | မိုးတိမ် | [NEW] | Medium | HS; Sonship of Christ | 9:34-35 | Echoes OT theophany pattern (Exodus); should be taught, not read as mere weather. |
| 89 | Follow | ἀκολουθέω / akoloutheō | နောက်တော်လိုက်ခြင်း | [NEW] | High | DISC | 5:11, 5:27-28, 9:23, 9:57-62, 18:22, 18:28, 18:43 | Foundational discipleship-cost term. |
| 90 | Cross | σταυρός / stauros | လက်ဝါးကပ်တိုင် | [NEW] | High/Critical (ch.23) | DISC; Atonement | 9:23, 14:27, 23:26, 23:33 | Instrument of shame/death; ch.23 crucifixion usage flagged Critical for theologian review. |
| 91 | Harvest | θερισμός / therismos | ကောက်ရိတ်ချိန် | [NEW] | Medium | SAV; KGD | 10:2 | Ingathering-mission metaphor. |
| 92 | Satan | Σατανᾶς / Satanas | စာတန် | [NEW] | Critical | DISC; HS | 10:18, 11:18, 13:16, 22:3, 22:31 | Same distinction from nat-spirit category as devil (#54). |
| 93 | Neighbor | πλησίον / plēsion | အိမ်နီးချင်း | [NEW] | High | SAV; FELL | 10:25-37 | Radically redefined beyond ethnic/geographic proximity; requires explicit teaching given Myanmar’s own ethnic-majority/minority context. |
| 94 | Samaritan | Σαμαρίτης / Samaritēs | ရှမာရိလူ | [NEW] | Medium | SAV | 9:52, 10:33, 17:16 | Despised-outsider-as-exemplar figure; bridge pastorally to Myanmar’s ethnic-minority relationships. |
| 95 | Prayer | προσευχή, προσεύχομαι / proseuchē | ဆုတောင်းခြင်း | [NEW] | High | PRAY | 1:13, 3:21, 5:16, 6:12, 6:28, 9:18, 9:28-29, 11:1-13, 18:1, 18:10-14, 19:46, 20:47, 21:36, 22:32, 22:39-46 | Direct, intimate address to the Father grounded in confident sonship, not appeasement of an unpredictable power. |
| 96 | Pharisee | Φαρισαῖος / Pharisaios | ဖာရိရှဲ | [NEW] | Medium | REP (foil) | 5:17-33, 6:7, 7:30-39, 11:37-53, 12:1, 14:1-3, 15:2, 16:14, 17:20, 18:10-11, 19:39 | Clarify critique targets hypocrisy/misplaced confidence in externals, not disciplined religious life as such. |
| 97 | Finger of God | δάκτυλος θεοῦ | ဘုရားသခင်၏လက်ချောင်းတော် | [NEW] | Medium | KGD; HS | 11:20 | Idiomatic metonym for direct divine power. |
| 98 | Sign | σημεῖον / sēmeion | နိမိတ်လက္ခဏာ | [NEW] | Medium | Messianic Promise | 2:12, 2:34, 11:16, 11:29-30, 21:7, 21:11, 21:25, 23:8 | Distinguish from folk-astrological omen-reading. |
| 99 | Blasphemy | βλασφημία / blasphēmia | ဘုရားကို ပုတ်ခတ်ပြောဆိုခြင်း | [NEW] | Critical (ch.12) / High | REP; HS | 5:21, 11:14-23 (implied), 12:10, 22:65, 23:39 | 12:10’s “blasphemy against the Holy Spirit” requires careful, non-alarmist pastoral framing. |
| 100 | Treasure | θησαυρός / thēsauros | ဘဏ္ဍာ | [NEW] | Medium | PRAY; POOR | 6:45, 12:13-21, 12:33-34, 18:22 | Object-of-ultimate-devotion contrast with dependence on God. |
| 101 | Steward | οἰκονόμος / oikonomos | အုပ်ထိန်းသူ | [NEW] | Medium | DISC | 12:42-48, 16:1-8 | Watchful, accountable discipleship. |
| 102 | Worry / anxious care | μεριμνάω, μέριμνα / merimnaō | စိုးရိမ်ပူပန်ခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | PRAY | 10:41, 12:11, 12:22-32, 21:34 | Contrast with confident dependence on the Father. |
| 103 | Narrow door | στενή θύρα / stenē thyra | ကျဉ်းသောတံခါး | [NEW] | Medium | REP; KGD | 13:24 | Urgency-of-decision motif. |
| 104 | Banquet / supper | δεῖπνον / deipnon | ညစာပွဲ | [NEW] | High | FELL; POOR | 14:12-24, 20:46, 22:20 (Last Supper context) | “Invite the poor” (14:13, 14:21) fuses POOR and FELL doctrines directly. |
| 105 | Humble (oneself) | ταπεινόω / tapeinoō | နှိမ့်ချခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | KGD; POOR | 14:11, 18:14 | Kingdom-reversal ethic. |
| 106 | Salt | ἅλας / halas | ဆား | [NEW] | Low | DISC | 14:34-35 | Warning about compromised discipleship. |
| 107 | Lost | ἀπολωλός / apolōlos | ပျောက်ဆုံးနေသော | [NEW] | High | FELL; REP | 15:4, 15:6, 15:8-9, 15:17-24, 19:10 | Core Lukan image for those Christ seeks and saves. |
| 108 | Joy | χαρά, χαίρω / chara | ဝမ်းမြောက်ရွှင်လန်းခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | REP; DISC | 1:14, 1:44, 2:10, 6:23, 8:13, 10:17, 10:21, 15:7, 15:10, 15:32, 19:6, 19:37, 24:41, 24:52 | Heaven’s celebratory response to repentance; not mere relief. |
| 109 | Mammon | μαμωνᾶς / mamōnas | မာမုန် | [NEW] | Medium | POOR; DISC | 16:9, 16:11, 16:13 | Personified rival master demanding allegiance; not neutral “money.” |
| 110 | Hades | Ἅδης / Hadēs | ငရဲ | [NEW] | High | Resurrection of Christ (contrast); Eschatology | 10:15, 16:23 | CRITICAL collision with Buddhist naraka/hell-realm cosmology within samsara; requires standing note distinguishing fixed intermediate state from cyclical rebirth destination. |
| 111 | Abraham’s bosom | κόλπος Ἀβραάμ | အာဗြဟံ၏ရင်ခွင် | [NEW] | Medium | POOR; SAV | 16:22-23 | Covenantal comfort for the faithful poor. |
| 112 | Leper | λεπρός / lepros | နူနာစွဲသူ | [NEW] | Medium | POOR; FELL | 5:12-13, 7:22, 17:11-19 | Levitical ritual-exclusion background recommended for comprehension. |
| 113 | Kingdom “within/among you” | ἐντὸς ὑμῶν / entos hymōn | သင်တို့အလယ်၌ (recommended) / သင်တို့အထဲ၌ (alternative) | [NEW] | High — Ambiguity flagged | KGD | 17:20-21 | Two valid renderings exist in Greek; “among you” (communal, Christ-centered) recommended as primary per Luke’s objective kingdom-language pattern, avoiding resonance with an inward-cultivation reading; flag for native speaker/theologian review, record alternative per baseline ambiguity protocol. |
| 114 | Widow | χήρα / chēra | မုဆိုးမ | [NEW] | Medium | POOR; PRAY | 2:37, 4:25-26, 7:12, 18:1-8, 20:47, 21:1-4 | Vulnerable figure God advocates for. |
| 115 | Son of David | υἱὸς Δαυίδ / huios Dauid | ဒါဝိဒ်၏သားတော် | [NEW] | High | SAV; Davidic Covenant | 18:38-39, 20:41-44 | Public messianic confession; combine with baseline David term. |
| 116 | Mina | μνᾶ / mna | မိန | [NEW] | Low | DISC; KGD | 19:13-25 | Monetary unit in the Parable of the Minas. |
| 117 | House of prayer | οἶκος προσευχῆς | ဆုတောင်းရာအိမ်တော် | [NEW] | Medium | PRAY | 19:46 | Temple’s God-intended purpose, quoting Isaiah 56:7. |
| 118 | Caesar | Καῖσαρ / Kaisar | ကဲသာ | [NEW] | Low | (civic authority contrast) | 2:1, 3:1, 20:22-25, 23:2 | Civic obligation vs. ultimate allegiance to God. |
| 119 | Sadducee | Σαδδουκαῖος / Saddoukaios | ဇဒ္ဒုကဲ | [NEW] | High | Resurrection of Christ (foil) | 20:27-40 | Denies bodily resurrection; Jesus’ rebuttal reinforces baseline resurrection doctrine. |
| 120 | Scribe | γραμματεύς / grammateus | ကျမ်းပြုဆရာ | [NEW] | Low | (foil group) | 5:21, 5:30, 6:7, 9:22 (implied), 11:53, 15:2, 19:47, 20:1, 20:19, 20:39, 20:46, 22:2, 22:66, 23:10 | Recurring antagonist group alongside Pharisees. |
| 121 | Redemption (eschatological) | ἀπολύτρωσις / apolytrōsis | ရွေးနှင်းခြင်း | [NEW] | High | KGD; SAV | 21:28 | Same root as glossary #44; consummation of the Zechariah promise. |
| 122 | Passover | πάσχα / pascha | ပသခါပွဲ | [NEW] | High | SAV; Atonement | 2:41, 22:1, 22:7-15 | Requires Exodus 12 background note. |
| 123 | New covenant | καινὴ διαθήκη / kainē diathēkē | ပဋိညာဉ်သစ် | [NEW] | Critical | New Covenant; Atonement | 22:20 | Builds on baseline covenant term; fulfills, does not abolish, Abrahamic/Davidic covenants. |
| 124 | Body (of Christ, eucharistic) | σῶμα / sōma | ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာတော် | [NEW] | High | Atonement | 22:19 | Flag for theologian review per atonement escalation rule. |
| 125 | Agony | ἀγωνία / agōnia | ပြင်းစွာစိုးရိမ်ပူပန်ခြင်း | [NEW] | High | PRAY; DISC | 22:44 | Gethsemane; preserves genuine anguish without diminishing sinlessness/submission. |
| 126 | Pilate | Πιλάτος / Pilatos | ပိလာတု | [NEW] | Low | (historical anchor) | 3:1, 13:1, 23:1-25, 23:52 | Established Myanmar Bible form. |
| 127 | Crucify | σταυρόω / stauroō | လက်ဝါးကပ်တိုင်တင်ခြင်း | [NEW] | Critical | Atonement; Lordship of Christ | 23:21, 23:23, 23:33 | Flag for theologian review per escalation rules. |
| 128 | Paradise | παράδεισος / paradeisos | ပရဒိသု | [NEW] | High | REP; KGD (future pole) | 23:43 | Distinguish from temporary deva-loka rebirth-realm; a relational, final destination secured by Christ’s word. |
| 129 | Tomb | μνημεῖον / mnēmeion | သင်္ချိုင်းဂူ | [NEW] | Medium | Resurrection of Christ | 23:53, 24:1-12, 24:22-24 | Physical, verifiable evidence backdrop. |
| 130 | It was necessary (divine plan) | ἔδει / edei | ဖြစ်ရမည့်ကိစ္စဖြစ်သည် | [NEW] | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy; Providence | 24:26 | God’s purposive plan, not impersonal fate; flag alongside baseline providence entry. |
| 131 | Breaking of bread | κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου | မုန့်ဖဲ့ခြင်း | [NEW] | Medium | FELL | 24:35 (cf. 22:19) | Table fellowship climax, centered on the risen Christ. |
| 132 | Witness | μάρτυς / martys | သက်သေခံ | [NEW] | High | SAV; HS | 24:48 | Commissioning to testify to the resurrection. |
| 133 | Clothed with power | ἐνδύσησθε δύναμιν | တန်ခိုးတော်ကို ဝတ်ဆင်ခြင်း | [NEW] | High | HS | 24:49 | Anticipates Pentecost; builds on baseline power_of_god and holy_spirit roots. |
Cross-Reference: Doctrine-to-Term Index (Curriculum Doctrines)
| Curriculum Doctrine | Primary Terms (glossary #) |
|---|---|
| Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor) | #6, 39, 47, 58, 59, 80, 93, 94, 115, 122, 132 |
| The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History | #10, 24, 38, 42, 43, 63, 88, 97, 133 |
| Good News to the Poor and Marginalized | #57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 65, 75, 76, 104, 110, 111, 112, 114 |
| Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins | #49, 50, 51, 52, 82, 99, 103, 107, 108, 128 |
| Prayer and Dependence on God | #95, 100, 102, 117, 125 |
| The Kingdom of God Present and Future | #19, 66, 91, 103, 105, 113, 121, 128 |
| The Cost and Joy of Discipleship | #69, 70, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 89, 90, 101, 106, 108, 116, 125 |
| Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners | #71, 72, 81, 86, 104, 107, 112, 131 |
Escalation Notes for Phase 2
The following terms require mandatory human theologian review on every occurrence in addition to the baseline’s Critical/High escalation rules, due to collision severity newly identified in Luke:
- Sabbath (#67) — ဥပုသ်နေ့ collides directly with the Buddhist Uposatha observance day.
- Demon / unclean spirit (#56) and Devil / Satan (#54, #92) — collide directly with the Burmese nat-spirit pantheon.
- Hades (#110) — collides directly with Buddhist hell-realm/samsara cosmology.
- Mercy (#43) and Love/agape (#78) — collide with the Brahmavihara categories of karuna/metta.
- Blessed (#75) — collides with the Mangala Sutta’s achieved-blessing pattern.
- Kingdom “within/among you” (#113) — genuine translational ambiguity with doctrinal stakes for KGD.
These six items should be prioritized for the doctrine risk registry extension in the next Phase 1 step.
Critical Risk Terms
Blasphemy
Approved rendering: ဘုရားကို ပုတ်ခတ်ပြောဆိုခြင်း
Transliteration: phayar ko put-khat pyaw-hson-chin
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. Luke 12:10 requires careful, non-alarmist pastoral framing as a settled, final rejection of the Spirit’s witness to Christ, not any momentary doubt or emotional outburst. Standing translator note mandatory.
Christ Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ခရစ်တော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i Khayittotaw
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. Peter’s confession, Luke 9:20; a pivotal Christological climax combining the baseline God and Christ terms.
Crucify
Approved rendering: လက်ဝါးကပ်တိုင်တင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: let-war-kap-tai tin-chin
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Atonement
NEW for Luke. 23:21, 23:23, 23:33. Flagged for mandatory theologian review per the escalation rules on atonement language and Lordship/Deity of Christ passages; must not be softened or spiritualized away.
Demon
Approved rendering: နတ်ဆိုး / ညစ်ညမ်းသောနတ်ဝိညာဉ်
Transliteration: nat-soe / nyit-nyan-thaw nat-weinnyin
Doctrine: Spiritual Conflict: Satan and Demons Subject to Christ
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ကောင်း (benevolent-nat propitiation framing)
Original: δαιμόνιον / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον
Category: Spiritual Beings
NEW for Luke. Recurs throughout Luke’s exorcism accounts (4:33-41, 8:26-39, 11:14-26). Directly names a category within the existing Burmese nat-spirit cosmology; biblical demons are wholly evil, subordinate to and defeated by Christ, never fed, propitiated, or venerated. Standing translator note mandatory every occurrence.
Devil
Approved rendering: မာရ်နတ်
Transliteration: Mar-nat
Doctrine: Spiritual Conflict: Satan and Demons Subject to Christ
Rejected alternatives: နတ် (generic ambivalent nat)
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Beings
NEW for Luke. Tempts Jesus (4:2-13) and opposes disciples (8:12, 22:3). Must be sharply distinguished from the general pantheon of 37 nats managed through propitiation and offering; မာရ်နတ် names one specific, wholly malevolent personal being permanently opposed to God, never to be placated or venerated. Standing translator note mandatory every occurrence.
Father
Approved rendering: အဖ
Transliteration: a-pha
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Central to the Prodigal Son parable (15:11-32) and Jesus’ teaching on prayer (11:2-13); never ဗြဟ္မာ.
God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရား, နတ်သခင်
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never ဘုရား alone or နတ်သခင်, throughout Luke.
Grace
Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်, ကံကောင်းခြင်း, ဝါသနာတော်
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Luke pairs grace with the Jubilee-echoing ‘acceptable year of the Lord’ (4:19; cf. 1:30, 2:14, 2:40, 2:52, 4:22); never render as merit or karmic luck.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသောဝိညာဉ်တော်
Transliteration: thangyinthaw weinnyin-taw
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ဝိညာဉ်, ဝိညာဉ်
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / Πνεῦμα Κυρίου
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Luke is the most Spirit-saturated Gospel (1:15, 1:35, 1:41, 1:67, 3:16, 3:22, 4:1, 4:14, 4:18, 10:21, 11:13, 12:10, 12:12, 24:49); never ဝိညာဉ် alone or နတ်ဝိညာဉ်.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: လူ့ဇာတိခံယူခြင်း
Transliteration: lu-zarti khan-yu-chin
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားလောင်းအဖြစ်မွေးဖွားခြင်း, နတ်ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (theological category)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Grounded narratively in Luke’s annunciation and nativity accounts (1:26-38, 2:6-7); never a deity’s temporary or repeatable descent.
Jesus
Approved rendering: ယေရှု
Transliteration: Yayshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ရှင်ယေရှု
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Established Myanmar Bible form throughout Luke.
Justification
Approved rendering: ဖြောင့်မတ်ရာသို့ ရောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyaungmat-ya-tho-yauk-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ရခြင်း, အပြစ်ပြေခြင်း
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Luke 18:14 (‘this man went down to his house justified’) is the clearest narrative instantiation in the Gospel; never render as gaining merit.
Messiah
Approved rendering: မေရှိယ (doctrinal category) / ခရစ်တော် (running-text title)
Transliteration: Mei-shi-ya / Khayittotaw
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: အရေးတော်ပုံလာမည့်သူ, မိတ္တေယျ
Original: Χριστός / μέσσιας
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Named by the angel (2:11), by Simeon (2:26), and confessed by Peter (9:20); never မိတ္တေယျ (Metteyya).
New Covenant
Approved rendering: ပဋိညာဉ်သစ်
Transliteration: padi-nyin-thit
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. Luke 22:20. Built on the baseline covenant term ပဋိညာဉ်; must be taught as fulfilling, not abolishing, the covenant pattern established with Abraham and David. Atonement-content escalation rule applies.
Overshadow
Approved rendering: လွှမ်းမိုးတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: hlun-moe-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း
Original: ἐπισκιάζω
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. Luke 1:35. Must never suggest နတ်ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း (a nat spirit descending to possess a person); a unique, non-repeatable, non-sexual divine act, not one stage in a chain of prior lives.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ထမြောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: hta-myauk-chin
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း, ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Luke 20:27-40 (Sadducee debate) and 24:1-46 are the doctrinal climaxes of the Gospel; never ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း (rebirth).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyaungmat-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ကံ, သီလ
Original: δικαιοσύνη / δίκαιος
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Applied abstractly (1:6, 1:75) and to the centurion’s confession of Jesus’ innocence (23:47); also underlies the tax collector’s justification (18:9-14).
Sabbath
Approved rendering: ဥပုသ်နေ့
Transliteration: uppote-nay
Doctrine: Sabbath and the Lordship of Christ
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. 4:16, 4:31, 6:1-11, 13:10-17, 14:1-6, 23:56. The established Myanmar Bible rendering ဥပုသ်နေ့ is identical to the everyday Burmese term for the Buddhist Uposatha observance day (precept-keeping, pagoda visits, merit-oriented fasting tied to the lunar calendar). No substitute term is available; a standing translator note is mandatory at EVERY occurrence distinguishing God’s creation-rest/covenant-sign, fulfilled in Christ’s Lordship (6:5), from a merit-earning precept-observance day.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ကယ်တင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kaetin-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း, လွတ်မြောက်ခြင်း
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Luke’s programmatic mission statement (19:9-10, ‘the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost’) is the doctrinal center of the whole Gospel; never နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း.
Satan
Approved rendering: စာတန်
Transliteration: Satan
Doctrine: Spiritual Conflict: Satan and Demons Subject to Christ
Rejected alternatives: နတ် (generic ambivalent nat)
Original: Σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Beings
NEW for Luke. 10:18, 22:3, 22:31. The same critical distinction from the general Burmese nat-spirit pantheon applies as for ‘devil’: names one specific, wholly malevolent personal being, never a spirit to be propitiated.
Savior
Approved rendering: ကယ်တင်ရှင်
Transliteration: kaetin-shin
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor)
Rejected alternatives: ကယ်တင်သူ (weaker, generic ‘one who rescues’)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. Mary calls God ‘my Savior’ (1:47) before Christ’s birth; the angel names the newborn Jesus ‘a Savior’ (2:11). Built on the baseline salvation root ကယ်တင်ခြင်း; must retain rescue-by-another sense, never self-attained deliverance.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i tharadaw
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ့သား, နတ်သား
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Announced at the annunciation (1:32, 1:35) and confirmed by the Father’s voice (3:22, 9:35).
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: လူသားတော်
Transliteration: lu-thar-taw
Doctrine: Son of Man’s Divine Authority
Rejected alternatives: လူသား (plain, without the honorific -တော် particle)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. 5:24, 6:5, 9:22, 9:26, 17:22-30, 22:69. Highest-frequency Christological title in Luke (20+ occurrences); must be taught with reference to Daniel 7’s exalted heavenly figure who receives the kingdom and glory — never flattened to ordinary ‘a human being.‘
Virgin
Approved rendering: ကညာ
Transliteration: ka-nya
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: παρθένος
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. Mary’s virginity at the conception of Jesus (1:27, 1:34) grounds the unique, unrepeatable nature of the incarnation; must not be assimilated to any Burmese folk narrative of miraculous or spirit-caused birth.
High Risk Terms
Abba
Approved rendering: အဗ္ဘ
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package for cross-curriculum consistency. Not directly attested in Luke’s own text (unlike Romans 8:15), but retained in this translation memory so any harmonized reading or cross-reference material citing Romans alongside Luke’s Lord’s Prayer (11:2, အဖ) remains lexically consistent.
Acceptable Year Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်နှစ်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw hnit
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ἐνιαυτὸς Κυρίου δεκτός
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. Luke 4:19. Requires a translator note explaining the Jubilee background (Leviticus 25: debt-cancellation, land-restoration, slave-release), since Burmese culture has no analogous cyclical institution. Echoes the baseline Critical grace term ကျေးဇူးတော်.
Agony
Approved rendering: ပြင်းစွာစိုးရိမ်ပူပန်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyin-swa-soe-yein-pu-pan-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: ἀγωνία
Category: Prayer
NEW for Luke. Gethsemane, Luke 22:44 (cf. 22:42). Must preserve the full weight of Christ’s genuine anguish without diminishing either his sinlessness or his full submission to the Father.
Anoint
Approved rendering: ဘိသိက်ပေးတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: theiktheik-pay-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: χρίω
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. Luke 4:18; the verbal root of the title ‘Christ/Messiah.’ Must be explicitly linked in teaching notes to ခရစ်တော်/မေရှိယ so the etymological and doctrinal connection to Messiahship is not lost.
Authority
Approved rendering: အခွင့်အာဏာ
Transliteration: a-khwint-arna
Doctrine: Son of Man’s Divine Authority
Rejected alternatives: ပရိတ်တန်ခိုး (occult-derived charm/amulet power)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. The devil offers counterfeit authority (4:6); Jesus teaches and casts out demons ‘with authority’ (4:32, 4:36, 5:24, 9:1). Must distinguish Christ’s God-given authority from any authority obtained through submission to the devil or through occult means.
Banquet
Approved rendering: ညစာပွဲ
Transliteration: nya-sa-pwè
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: δεῖπνον
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. The Great Banquet parable (14:12-24) directly fuses Good News to the Poor and Table Fellowship with Sinners doctrines — the socially excluded become guests of honor at God’s table.
Baptism
Approved rendering: ဗတ္တိဇံ
Transliteration: battizan
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: ရေချိုးသန့်စင်ခြင်း (merit-bathing ritual)
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Sanctification
NEW for Luke. John’s baptism (3:3-22) and ‘baptize with the Holy Spirit and fire’ (3:16). Retain the established transliteration; avoid indigenous ritual-washing vocabulary tied to merit-bathing at pagodas.
Blessed
Approved rendering: မင်္ဂလာရှိသော
Transliteration: mingala-shi-thaw
Doctrine: Blessedness and Kingdom Reversal
Rejected alternatives: မင်္ဂလာ ၃၈ ချက်ဆောင်ရွက်ခြင်း (Mangala Sutta achieved-blessing framing)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. 6:20-22, 7:23, 11:27-28, 14:14-15. မင်္ဂလာ is a heavily Pali-Buddhist-loaded word; biblical blessedness is God’s sovereign favor bestowed on the lowly — the opposite direction from a conduct-achieved blessing list. Translator note required.
Blood
Approved rendering: သွေး
Transliteration: thway
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: αἷμα
Category: Atonement
NEW for Luke. The ritual-impurity sense (8:43-44) and the sacrificial/covenantal sense (22:20) must be distinguished by context; the ch. 22 atonement usage is flagged for mandatory theologian review per the escalation rule on atonement language.
Body Eucharistic
Approved rendering: ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာတော်
Transliteration: ko-khan-da-taw
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: σῶμα
Category: Atonement
NEW for Luke. Luke 22:19. Grounds the atonement in Christ’s real, physical self-giving; flagged for mandatory theologian review per the atonement/propitiation escalation rule. Do not adopt Catholic real-presence-specific sacramental vocabulary; retain the Protestant Judson-tradition covenantal/memorial framing.
Called
Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူသော
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ဖိတ်ခေါ်ခြင်း
Original: κλητός (thematic)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Luke applied to God’s summons of sinners and the poor (5:32, 14:13, 14:21, 19:10); distinguish from ကံဇာတာ (fixed karmic destiny).
Calling
Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ
Original: κλῆσις (thematic)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Thematic in Luke; must convey a sovereign summons, not impersonal fate.
Captive
Approved rendering: သုံ့ပန်း
Transliteration: thoun-ban
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: αἰχμάλωτος
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. Luke 4:18. Must be taught with both a literal sense (the socially oppressed, imprisoned) and a spiritual sense (bondage to sin, released through Christ).
Clothed With Power
Approved rendering: တန်ခိုးတော်ကို ဝတ်ဆင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: tan-khoe-taw ko wut-hsin-chin
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Original: ἐνδύσησθε δύναμιν
Category: God
NEW for Luke. Luke 24:49, anticipating Pentecost. Builds on the baseline power_of_god and holy_spirit terms; equips believers for Spirit-empowered witness.
Compassion
Approved rendering: သနားညှာတာစိတ်ရှိသော
Transliteration: thanar-nya-ta-seit-shi-thaw
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: ကရုဏာ (used alone, Brahmavihara cultivated-equanimity sense only)
Original: σπλαγχνίζομαι
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. The widow of Nain (7:13), the Good Samaritan (10:33), the prodigal’s father (15:20). Distinguish from cultivated karuna/metta; Jesus’ spontaneous, personal, embodied compassion flowing from his own character.
Covenant
Approved rendering: ပဋိညာဉ်
Transliteration: padi-nyin
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: သဘောတူညီချက်
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Named in the Benedictus (1:72) and at the Last Supper (22:20, compound ပဋိညာဉ်သစ်, see ‘new_covenant’ below).
Cross
Approved rendering: လက်ဝါးကပ်တိုင်
Transliteration: let-war-kap-tai
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: ညှဉ်းပန်းရာတိုင် (Jehovah’s Witness ‘torture-stake’ framing)
Original: σταυρός
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 9:23 (daily, metaphorical), 14:27 (metaphorical), 23:26, 23:33 (literal). Must be taught as an instrument of shame and death, not a decorative symbol; ch. 23’s literal usage is Critical and flagged for mandatory theologian review per the atonement escalation rule. Never adopt Watchtower torture-stake vocabulary.
Divine Necessity
Approved rendering: ဖြစ်ရမည့်ကိစ္စဖြစ်သည်
Transliteration: hpyit-ya-me kate hpyit-thi
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ကံ (impersonal fate)
Original: ἔδει
Category: God
NEW for Luke. Luke 24:26. Grounds the passion in God’s purposive, foreordained plan, not impersonal fate; should be taught alongside the baseline providence doctrine.
Election
Approved rendering: ရွေးကောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: ywaykauk-chin
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ, ကံကြမ္မာ
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ, ‘my Son, my Chosen One’ (9:35, 23:35), and to God’s elect who cry out to him (18:7); never ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ.
Fasting
Approved rendering: အစာရှောင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: a-sar-shaung-chin
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: νηστεία / νηστεύω
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 2:37, 5:33-35, 18:12. Fasting is highly visible among devout Burmese Buddhists (e.g. on ဥပုသ်နေ့) and associated with merit; biblical fasting here is reoriented around the presence or absence of the Messiah, not a merit-generating discipline.
Follow
Approved rendering: နောက်တော်လိုက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: naut-taw-laik-chin
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: ἀκολουθέω
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 5:11, 5:27-28, 9:23, 9:57-62, 18:22, 18:28. Foundational discipleship-cost term; must convey total, life-reordering commitment, not casual accompaniment.
Forgiveness Of Sins
Approved rendering: အပြစ်လွှတ်ခြင်း
Transliteration: a-pyit hlwat-chin
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. Named in the Benedictus (1:77), John’s preaching (3:3), and the healing of the paralytic (5:20-24). Shares the လွှတ် root with ‘release of captives’ (4:18); keep the root visible across both senses to preserve Luke’s deliberate wordplay.
Glory
Approved rendering: ဘုန်းတော်
Transliteration: phon-taw
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းကံ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Fills the birth and Transfiguration narratives (2:9, 2:14, 2:32, 9:31-32) and the entry to Jerusalem (19:38).
Good Pleasure
Approved rendering: နှစ်သက်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: hnit-thet-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: လူတို့နှစ်သက်ဖွယ် (men of good will, genitive/merit-conditioned reading favored in some Catholic editions)
Original: εὐδοκία
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. The angelic proclamation, ‘peace among those with whom he is pleased’ (2:14). Follows the nominative textual reading consistent with unconditioned divine favor, echoing the baseline grace term.
Gospel
Approved rendering: သတင်းကောင်း
Transliteration: thadin kaung
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ဓမ္မသတင်း, ကောင်းသောအကြောင်းအရာ
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Luke this authoritative announcement is specifically addressed to the poor (4:18, 7:22, cf. 1:19, 2:10, 8:1, 9:6, 20:1); must not be softened into generic good news or a religious teaching among others.
Hades
Approved rendering: ငရဲ
Transliteration: nga-yay
Doctrine: Eschatological Destiny: Hades and Paradise
Original: Ἅδης
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Luke. The rich man’s torment (16:19-31). ငရဲ is also the standard Burmese Buddhist term for the naraka hell-realms within the cyclical cosmology of samsara. No substitute term is available; a standing translator note is required distinguishing the biblical fixed intermediate state from an ongoing cycle of rebirths.
Holy
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသော
Transliteration: thangyin-thaw
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: စင်ကြယ်သော
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to the Holy Spirit, to angelic testimony (1:35, 1:49, 1:70), and to the demon-recognized identity of Jesus (4:34).
Kingdom Within Among You
Approved rendering: သင်တို့အလယ်၌ (recommended primary) / သင်တို့အထဲ၌ (recorded alternative)
Transliteration: thin-doe a-lae-hnaing / thin-doe a-htae-hnaing
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: ἐντὸς ὑμῶν
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 17:20-21 (ἐντὸς ὑμῶν), a genuine two-way Greek ambiguity. Given Luke’s consistently objective, event-centered kingdom language elsewhere, the communal ‘among you’ rendering is recommended as primary, avoiding resonance with a privatized, inward-cultivation reading aligned with Buddhist inner-cultivation frameworks. The alternative rendering is formally recorded per the baseline ambiguity-handling protocol and flagged for mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review.
Law
Approved rendering: ပညတ်တရား
Transliteration: pyinnat tayar
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ဝိနည်း
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Frames Jesus’ presentation as an infant (2:22-27, 2:39) and his teaching on the Law’s abiding force (16:16-17, 24:44).
Light For Revelation To Gentiles
Approved rendering: အလင်းတော် / ဗျာဒိတ်ပြခြင်း
Transliteration: a-lin-taw / bya-deik-pya-chin
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. Simeon’s prophecy (2:32). Must retain full universal scope of ‘the nations’; do not narrow to a specific ethnic group, given sensitivities around Burmese Buddhist-Burman majority identity.
Lord
Approved rendering: သခင်
Transliteration: thakhin
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရင်, ဆရာသခင်
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ’s Lordship over the Sabbath (6:5) and in the angelic announcement (2:11); reserved exclusively for Christ’s supreme authority.
Lost
Approved rendering: ပျောက်ဆုံးနေသော
Transliteration: pyauk-sone-ne-thaw
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: ἀπολωλός
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. The Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, and Prodigal Son parables (15:4-32); 19:10. Core Lukan image for those Christ actively seeks and saves; retain active divine pursuit, not passive self-recovery.
Mercy
Approved rendering: ကရုဏာတော်
Transliteration: karuna-daw
Doctrine: Divine Mercy and Christ’s Compassion
Rejected alternatives: ကရုဏာ (used alone, without the ‑တော် honorific qualifier)
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
NEW for Luke. Repeated throughout the Magnificat and Benedictus (1:50, 1:54, 1:58, 1:72, 1:78) and invoked by the blind beggar (18:38-39). ကရုဏာ is one of the four Brahmavihara, cultivated through meditation and extended impartially to all beings; biblical ἔλεος flows from God’s own character and covenant faithfulness toward specific needy people. Standing translator note required at every major occurrence.
Most High
Approved rendering: အမြင့်ဆုံးသောဘုရား
Transliteration: a-myin-sone-thaw phayar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ့ဘုံ (Brahma-realm hierarchy framing)
Original: ὕψιστος
Category: God
NEW for Luke. Applied to God (1:32, 1:35, 1:76) and echoed in the command to love enemies as ‘sons of the Most High’ (6:35). Distinguish from the Buddhist cosmological hierarchy of Brahma-realms; names the one supreme personal God, not the highest tier of an impersonal cosmic ladder.
Neighbor
Approved rendering: အိမ်နီးချင်း
Transliteration: ein-ni-chin
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: πλησίον
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. 10:25-37. Luke’s usage deliberately transcends the ordinary Burmese sense of ‘one who lives physically nearby’ or ‘one of my own group’; requires explicit clarification given Myanmar’s own majority/minority ethnic-religious dynamics.
Paradise
Approved rendering: ပရဒိသု
Transliteration: Pa-ra-di-thu
Doctrine: Eschatological Destiny: Hades and Paradise
Original: παράδεισος
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Luke. Luke 23:43. Distinguish from the Buddhist notion of a temporary heavenly rebirth-realm (deva-loka) still within samsara; a relational, final destination secured by Christ’s own word, not a temporary abode pending further rebirths. No substitute term available; standing note mandatory.
Passover
Approved rendering: ပသခါပွဲ
Transliteration: Pas-kha-pwè
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: πάσχα
Category: Atonement
NEW for Luke. 2:41, 22:1, 22:7-15. Retain the established Myanmar Bible term; requires an Exodus 12 background note for readers with low OT narrative literacy.
Poor
Approved rendering: ဆင်းရဲသား
Transliteration: hsinyay-thar
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: ကံဆိုးသူ (karmically unfortunate framing)
Original: πτωχός
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. 4:18, 6:20, 7:22, 14:13, 14:21, 16:20-22. Burmese Buddhist folk cosmology commonly reads present poverty as fruit of past-life demerit; God’s favor toward the poor is unconditioned mercy and covenant reversal, not a statement about karmic merit-standing.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i tankhoe-taw
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Empowers the incarnation (1:35), Jesus’ ministry (4:14, 4:36, 5:17, 6:19, 8:46, 9:1, 10:19), and the promised Pentecost equipping (24:49); never အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး.
Prayer
Approved rendering: ဆုတောင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: su-taung-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ကိုးကွယ်ခြင်း (nat-propitiation)
Original: προσευχή / προσεύχομαι
Category: Prayer
NEW for Luke. The Lord’s Prayer (11:1-4), persistent-asking teaching (11:5-13), Gethsemane (22:39-46). Must be distinguished from petitioning intermediary spirits, nats, or ancestors.
Providence
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ကြည့်ရှုစောင့်ရှောက်မှု
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i kyi-shu-saung-shauk-hmu
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ကံ
Original: πρόνοια (theological category)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Grounds Jesus’ teaching on the Father’s care (12:6-7, 12:24-30) and the necessity of the passion (24:26); never ကံ.
Redemption
Approved rendering: ရွေးနှင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: ywe-hnin-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. Zechariah’s Benedictus (1:68), Anna’s testimony (2:38), and the eschatological promise (21:28, ἀπολύτρωσις) all use this root; keep it consistent across all three occurrences to preserve the thematic arc from promise to consummation.
Release Of Captives
Approved rendering: လွှတ်ငြိမ်းခွင့်
Transliteration: hlwat-nyein-gwint
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: ἄφεσις (αἰχμαλώτοις)
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. Luke 4:18. Deliberate wordplay with ‘forgiveness of sins’ (same လွှတ် root); must be rendered so Burmese readers perceive the link between social liberation and forgiveness of sin as one act of God.
Repentance
Approved rendering: နောင်တရခြင်း
Transliteration: naung-ta-ya-chin
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: အကုသိုလ်လျှော့ခြင်း (demerit-reduction reframing)
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. John’s baptism of repentance (3:3), the urgent call (‘unless you repent,’ 13:3, 13:5), and the Prodigal Son’s return (15:17-20). Distinguish from ritual confession that adjusts a karmic balance; a relational turning toward a personal God who forgives.
Rich
Approved rendering: ချမ်းသာသူ
Transliteration: chan-tha-thu
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Rejected alternatives: ကံကောင်းသူ (karmically fortunate framing)
Original: πλούσιος
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. 6:24, 12:16-21, 16:19-31, 18:23-25. Avoid implying wealth is evidence of merited good karma; Luke’s consistently cautionary tone toward wealth must be preserved.
Sadducee
Approved rendering: ဇဒ္ဒုကဲ
Transliteration: Zad-du-keh
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: Σαδδουκαῖος
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Luke. Luke 20:27-40. Jesus’ rebuttal (‘God is not God of the dead but of the living’) strongly reinforces the baseline resurrection doctrine’s rejection of any cyclical-rebirth framework.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: thangyin-chin
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ရေချိုးသန့်စင်ခြင်း
Original: ἁγιασμός (thematic)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Thematic at 1:75, 4:34; distinguish from self-directed merit-earning precept-keeping and meditation.
Sin
Approved rendering: အပြစ်
Transliteration: a-pyit
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: အကုသိုလ်
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Root of Luke’s forgiveness vocabulary (1:77, 3:3, 5:20-24, 24:47); distinguish from အကုသိုလ် (karmic demerit).
Sinner
Approved rendering: အပြစ်ရှိသူ
Transliteration: a-pyit-shi-thu
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. 5:8, 5:30-32, 7:34, 7:37-39, 15:1-2, 15:7, 15:10, 18:13, 19:7. Root reuse from the baseline sin term; central to Jesus’ scandalous table-fellowship practice.
Son Of David
Approved rendering: ဒါဝိဒ်၏သားတော်
Transliteration: Dawid i tha-ra-daw
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. 18:38-39, 20:41-44. Combines the established proper name David (ဒါဝိဒ်) with messianic sonship; a public confession that must retain its full royal-covenant force.
Today Inaugurated Fulfillment
Approved rendering: ယနေ့
Transliteration: ya-nay
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: σήμερον
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. 4:21, 19:9, 23:43. Must preserve inaugurated-eschatology force — the kingdom breaking in now while consummation remains future — consistently across all three occurrences.
Witness
Approved rendering: သက်သေခံ
Transliteration: thet-thei-khan
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: μάρτυς
Category: Church
NEW for Luke. Luke 24:48. Commissions the disciples to testify publicly to the historical resurrection, foundational to the mission of proclaiming salvation to all nations.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏နှုတ်ကပတ်တော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i hnut-kapat-taw
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Scripture
NEW for Luke. 8:11, 8:21, 11:28. Long-established Myanmar Bible term; retain exactly throughout without variation.
Medium Risk Terms
Abrahams Bosom
Approved rendering: အာဗြဟံ၏ရင်ခွင်
Transliteration: A-bra-ham i yin-gwin
Doctrine: Eschatological Destiny: Hades and Paradise
Original: κόλπος Ἀβραάμ
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Luke. Luke 16:22-23. Pictures covenantal comfort for the faithful poor; builds on the established proper name Abraham (အာဗြဟံ).
Angel
Approved rendering: ကောင်းကင်တမန်
Transliteration: kaunggin-taman
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: နတ်
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Spiritual Beings
NEW for Luke. Announces both John’s and Jesus’ births (1:11-38) and Christ’s resurrection (24:23). Must be distinguished from the Burmese folk-religious category of နတ် (nat spirits) propitiated for favor; angels are God’s obedient messengers, not intermediary spirits requiring offerings or veneration.
Apostle
Approved rendering: တမန်တော်
Transliteration: tamantaw
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ဆရာတော်, ဆရာကြီး
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Names the Twelve chosen by Jesus (6:13, 9:10, 22:14, 24:10); distinguish from a senior-monk teaching role.
Blind
Approved rendering: မျက်စိကန်းသူ
Transliteration: myet-si-kan-thu
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: τυφλός
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. 4:18, 7:21-22, 18:35-43. Avoid language implying the condition is a deserved consequence of past moral/karmic fault.
Breaking Of Bread
Approved rendering: မုန့်ဖဲ့ခြင်း
Transliteration: mont-phe-chin
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. Luke 24:35 (cf. 22:19). The climactic instance of table fellowship in Luke, now centered on the risen Christ himself.
Bridegroom
Approved rendering: မင်္ဂလာဆောင်သတို့သား
Transliteration: mingala-saung tha-do-tha
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: νυμφίος
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. 5:34-35, echoed in wedding-banquet imagery (12:35-36). No major religious collision.
Centurion
Approved rendering: တပ်မှူး
Transliteration: tat-hmu
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἑκατοντάρχης
Category: Church
NEW for Luke. 7:2-10, 23:47. No religious-vocabulary collision; significant Gentile-outsider figure supporting the Unity of Jews and Gentiles doctrine.
Cloud Theophany
Approved rendering: မိုးတိမ်
Transliteration: mo-tein
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: νεφέλη
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. Luke 9:34-35. Should be taught with reference to the Old Testament theophany pattern (Exodus 24, 40) so it is not read as a mere weather event.
David
Approved rendering: ဒါဝိဒ်
Transliteration: Dawid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Frequent in Luke’s genealogy, nativity, and Christological titles (1:27, 1:32, 1:69, 2:4, 2:11, 3:31).
Disciple
Approved rendering: တပည့်တော်
Transliteration: ta-byi-taw
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: μαθητής
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 5:11, 6:13, 6:17, 6:20, 6:40, 14:26-33. Surface-comparable to a monk’s or teacher’s တပည့် (apprentice pupil), but biblical discipleship entails total allegiance to a living, resurrected Lord, not apprenticeship toward one’s own eventual enlightenment.
Faith
Approved rendering: ယုံကြည်ခြင်း
Transliteration: yun-kyi-chin
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: သဒ္ဓါတရား
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Luke’s recurring formula ‘your faith has saved you’ (7:50, 8:48, 17:19, 18:42) must keep the object of faith recoverable as Christ, not experiential confidence in a teaching (distinguish from သဒ္ဓါ).
Finger Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏လက်ချောင်းတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i let-chaung-taw
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: δάκτυλος θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 11:20. May need a brief explanatory gloss; ties exorcism to divine power rather than human or occult technique.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: တစ်ပါးအမျိုးသား
Transliteration: tabar-amyothar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: လူမျိုးခြား
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Simeon’s prophecy (2:32) is the earliest explicit statement of salvation’s Gentile scope in Luke; also 12:30, 18:32, 21:24, 22:25, 24:47.
Harvest
Approved rendering: ကောက်ရိတ်ချိန်
Transliteration: kauk-yeik-chein
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: θερισμός
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 10:2. Standard agricultural metaphor for mission urgency; no collision.
House Of Prayer
Approved rendering: ဆုတောင်းရာအိမ်တော်
Transliteration: su-taung-ya ain-taw
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: οἶκος προσευχῆς
Category: Prayer
NEW for Luke. Luke 19:46, quoting Isaiah 56:7. Builds on the prayer root ဆုတောင်းခြင်း; denounces commercial corruption of worship.
Humble Oneself
Approved rendering: နှိမ့်ချခြင်း
Transliteration: hnate-cha-chin
Doctrine: Blessedness and Kingdom Reversal
Original: ταπεινόω
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. 14:11, 18:14. Standard reversal-ethic term; no collision.
Intercession
Approved rendering: အသနားခံခြင်း
Transliteration: a-thanar-khan-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ကိုးကွယ်ခြင်း
Original: ἔντευξις (thematic)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Jesus intercedes for Peter (22:32) and for his executioners (23:34).
Israel
Approved rendering: ဣသရေလ
Transliteration: Israen
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Appears throughout the birth-narrative hymns and at the ascension question (24:21).
Joy
Approved rendering: ဝမ်းမြောက်ရွှင်လန်းခြင်း
Transliteration: wun-myauk-shwin-lan-chin
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: χαρά / χαίρω
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. 15:7, 15:10, 15:32, 1:14, 1:44, 2:10. Heaven’s celebratory response to a sinner’s repentance, not merely relief or judicial closure.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏နိုင်ငံတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i nainggan-taw
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းတော်နိုင်ငံ
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Central to Luke throughout (4:43-19:11, 21:31); 17:20-21 carries a separately flagged ambiguity, see ‘kingdom_within_among_you’ below.
Leper
Approved rendering: နူနာစွဲသူ
Transliteration: nu-na-swe-thu
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: λεπρός
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. 5:12-13, 17:11-19. A brief note on the Levitical ritual-exclusion background is recommended for full comprehension.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ
Transliteration: chit-chin-metta
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: မေတ္တာ (used alone, Brahmavihara cultivated-equanimity sense only)
Original: ἀγαπάω / ἀγάπη
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 6:27-36. Established Myanmar Christian compound; teaching should clarify agape reflects the Father’s own commanded character (6:35-36), not a self-cultivated meditative attainment extended impartially to all beings.
Mammon
Approved rendering: မာမုန်
Transliteration: Ma-mun
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: ငွေ (plain ‘money,’ strips the deliberate personification)
Original: μαμωνᾶς
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. Luke 16:13. Retain the transliteration and its personified, rival-master sense; must not be reduced to a neutral word for money.
Mission
Approved rendering: သာသနာပြုလုပ်ငန်း
Transliteration: thathana-pyu lokngan
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω (thematic)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. The sending of the Twelve (9:1-6) and the Seventy (10:1-12), and the Great Commission (24:47-49); retain the standing note re: Sasana-institutional connotation.
Narrow Door
Approved rendering: ကျဉ်းသောတံခါး
Transliteration: kyin-thaw ta-gar
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: στενή θύρα
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 13:24. Conveys urgency of decision alongside the surprising inclusion of ‘many from east and west’ (13:29).
Offended Scandalized
Approved rendering: ယုံကြည်ခြင်းကို ထိခိုက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: yun-kyi-chin ko hti-khaik-chin
Doctrine: Faith
Original: σκανδαλίζω
Category: Faith
NEW for Luke. John the Baptist’s doubt (7:23); causing a little one to sin (17:2). Must not be flattened to mere annoyance; conveys injury to faith itself.
Oppressed
Approved rendering: ညှင်းပန်းနှိပ်စက်ခံရသူများ
Transliteration: nyin-pan naik-set khan-ya thu-myar
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: τεθραυσμένος
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. Luke 4:18. Avoid language implying the oppression suffered is a deserved karmic consequence.
Peace
Approved rendering: ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: nyein-thet-chin
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ကိလေသာငြိမ်းခြင်း
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Frames the whole Gospel (1:79, 2:14, 2:29) and the forgiven woman’s dismissal (7:50).
Pharisee
Approved rendering: ဖာရိရှဲ
Transliteration: Fa-ri-sheh
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: Φαρισαῖος
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. 11:37-54, 15:2, 18:10-11. Teaching must clarify the critique targets hypocrisy and misplaced confidence in external observance, not disciplined religious life as such.
Proclaim
Approved rendering: ကြေညာသည် / ဟောပြောသည်
Transliteration: kyay-nya-thi / haw-pyaw-thi
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: κηρύσσω
Category: Salvation
NEW for Luke. 4:18-19, 8:1, 24:47. Retain a formal, authoritative proclamation register; do not flatten to casual public speech vocabulary.
Reward
Approved rendering: ဆုလာဘ်
Transliteration: su-larp
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ဆုလာဘ် (merit-reward compound)
Original: μισθός
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 6:23, 6:35. ဆုလာဘ် can carry connotations of a Buddhist devotional merit-reward; must be taught as a gracious gift from the Father, not an earned wage.
Samaritan
Approved rendering: ရှမာရိလူ
Transliteration: Sha-ma-ri-lu
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Σαμαρίτης
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. 10:33, 17:16. Requires a brief cultural-background note on Jewish-Samaritan enmity; the outsider-as-exemplar pattern can be bridged pastorally to Myanmar’s own ethnic-minority relationships.
Seed Parable
Approved rendering: မျိုးစေ့
Transliteration: myo-thae
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: σπόρος / σπέρμα
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 8:5-15, the Parable of the Sower. No religious collision; standard agricultural metaphor.
Sign
Approved rendering: နိမိတ်လက္ခဏာ
Transliteration: na-yeit-lakkhana
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: ဗေဒင်နိမိတ် (astrological/divinatory omen)
Original: σημεῖον
Category: Prophecy
NEW for Luke. The ‘sign of Jonah’ (11:29-30); 21:7, 21:11, 21:25. Must be distinguished as a God-given, meaning-bearing validation, not a fortune-telling omen.
Steward
Approved rendering: အုပ်ထိန်းသူ
Transliteration: auk-thein-thu
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: οἰκονόμος
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 12:42-48, 16:1-8. Standard household-management image modeling watchful, accountable discipleship.
Synagogue
Approved rendering: တရားစရပ်
Transliteration: taya-zayat
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: συναγωγή
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. Site of the Nazareth sermon (4:15-16, 4:20, 4:28) and recurring ministry venue (6:6, 13:10). Builds on the baseline law root ပညတ်တရား; context should clarify this names the Jewish assembly, not a Buddhist teaching hall.
Tax Collector
Approved rendering: အခွန်ခံ
Transliteration: a-khun-gan
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: τελώνης
Category: Fellowship
NEW for Luke. 3:12, 5:27-30, 7:29, 7:34, 15:1, 18:10-13, 19:2. No direct indigenous religious collision; a cultural-bridging note is recommended to convey the intensity of first-century social stigma.
Temple
Approved rendering: ဗိမာန်တော်
Transliteration: bi-man-taw
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားကျောင်း, ဘုရားရိပ်သာ
Original: ναός / ἱερόν
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. Site of the presentation, the boy Jesus (2:22-49), teaching (19:45-47, 20:1, 21:5-38), and daily worship (24:53). Distinguish from ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ (pagoda/monastic compound); ဗိမာန်တော် is the established, distinct Myanmar Bible term for the Jerusalem Temple.
Temptation
Approved rendering: စုံစမ်းခြင်း / ဖြားယောင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: soun-san-chin / pya-yaung-chin
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: πειρασμός / πειράζω
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. Jesus’ 40-day wilderness testing (4:1-13) and Gethsemane (22:40, 22:46). Context-sensitive rendering required between neutral testing and malicious enticement by a personal evil agent.
Tomb
Approved rendering: သင်္ချိုင်းဂူ
Transliteration: thin-gyaing-gu
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: μνημεῖον
Category: Eschatology
NEW for Luke. 23:53, 24:1-12, 24:22-24. No collision; grounds the resurrection’s historicity in a verifiable physical location.
Treasure
Approved rendering: ဘဏ္ဍာ
Transliteration: ban-da
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: θησαυρός
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 12:13-21, 12:33-34. Thematically overlaps with the poverty doctrine’s critique of self-securing wealth.
Widow
Approved rendering: မုဆိုးမ
Transliteration: mu-hso-ma
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
Original: χήρα
Category: Poverty
NEW for Luke. 7:12, 18:1-8, 21:1-4. No collision; models both persistent prayer and God’s advocacy for the vulnerable poor.
Woe
Approved rendering: အမင်္ဂလာ
Transliteration: a-mingala
Doctrine: Blessedness and Kingdom Reversal
Original: οὐαί
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. 6:24-26, 11:42-52. Must be rendered as prophetic lament/warning, not reduced to a simple curse-formula.
Worry
Approved rendering: စိုးရိမ်ပူပန်ခြင်း
Transliteration: soe-yein pu-pan-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: μεριμνάω / μέριμνα
Category: Prayer
NEW for Luke. Luke 12:22-32. Must be contrasted with confident dependence on the Father, not with achieving meditative detachment.
Wrath
Approved rendering: အမျက်တော်
Transliteration: a-myet-taw
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: ကံဆိုး (impersonal bad-karma retribution)
Original: ὀργή
Category: Sin
NEW for Luke. John warns of ‘the wrath to come’ (3:7). Must convey a holy God’s personal moral anger, not an impersonal cosmic retribution mechanism such as karma.
Low Risk Terms
Caesar
Approved rendering: ကဲသာ
Transliteration: Kai-tha
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Καῖσαρ
Category: Kingdom
NEW for Luke. Luke 20:22-25. No religious collision; distinguishes civic obligation from ultimate allegiance to God.
Enemy
Approved rendering: ရန်သူ
Transliteration: yan-thu
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 6:27, 6:35, 19:27, 19:43, 20:43. No collision.
Exhort
Approved rendering: တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း
Transliteration: taik-tun hnoso-chin
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω (thematic)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Thematic throughout Luke’s teaching material.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: မိတ်သဟာယ
Transliteration: meikthahaya
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: သူငယ်ချင်းဖွဲ့ခြင်း
Original: κοινωνία (thematic)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Thematic across Luke’s table-fellowship scenes.
Lamp
Approved rendering: ဆီမီး
Transliteration: si-mi
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: λύχνος
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. 8:16, 11:33-36, 12:35. Standard metaphor; no collision.
Manger
Approved rendering: နွားစားခွက်
Transliteration: nwar-sar-khwet
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: φάτνη
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. The place of Jesus’ birth (2:7, 2:12, 2:16); no religious collision, signals the lowliness of Christ’s birth.
Mina
Approved rendering: မိန
Transliteration: mina
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: μνᾶ
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. Luke 19:13-25. Historical currency unit used in the Parable of the Minas; no functional Burmese equivalent, and modern conversion would misrepresent the parable’s economics.
Pilate
Approved rendering: ပိလာတု
Transliteration: Pi-la-tu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Πιλάτος
Category: Christology
NEW for Luke. 3:1, 23:1-25. Established Myanmar Bible proper-name form.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ပရောဖက်ပြုချက်
Transliteration: parawpeq-pyu-chet
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ဗေဒင်စာတမ်း
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Root of the fulfillment declaration in the core passage (4:21) and the resurrection-appearance teaching (24:44).
Prophet
Approved rendering: ပရောဖက်
Transliteration: parawpeq
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ဗေဒင်ဆရာ
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Isaiah is named explicitly as the prophet Jesus reads (4:17); recurring in the passion-prediction and Emmaus material (24:19, 24:25, 24:27).
Salt
Approved rendering: ဆား
Transliteration: sar
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: ἅλας
Category: Discipleship
NEW for Luke. Luke 14:34-35. Standard metaphor for compromised discipleship; no collision.
Scribe
Approved rendering: ကျမ်းပြုဆရာ
Transliteration: kyan-pyu-hsa-ya
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: γραμματεύς
Category: Covenant
NEW for Luke. 5:21, 5:30, 20:1, 20:19, 20:39, 20:46, 22:2, 22:66. No collision; a professional religious-legal role.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kyayzu-tin-chin
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. The healed Samaritan leper’s return to give thanks (17:16) is the key Lukan instance; also 18:11, 22:17,19.
Referenced passages