Core Glossary

08 Core Glossary — Ephesians 1–6 (English → Burmese)

Purpose

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md into a single per-term reference table for Phase 2 translation memory extension. It distinguishes terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json/bible_term_registry.json (which must be reused verbatim, unchanged) from terms newly introduced by Ephesians, which carry a proposed Burmese rendering pending confirmation in Step 2 (Linguistic Gap Analysis) and formal translation-memory registration.

Status legend:

REUSED — term and rendering already fixed in the Romans baseline; use exactly as recorded, no deviation permitted.
NEW — term not present in the Romans baseline; proposed Burmese rendering given here for review; requires new translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json entries before Phase 2 use.

Risk tiers follow the baseline’s definitions: Critical (theologian review, every occurrence), High (theologian review), Medium (native speaker review), Low (automated review).

Table 1 — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline

#	English Term	Greek	Burmese Rendering	Risk	Doctrine Cluster	Chapters	Notes
1	Grace	χάρις	ကျေးဇူးတော်	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1, 2, 3, 4, 6	Reused verbatim; central term of the entire curriculum’s primary doctrine.
2	Faith	πίστις	ယုံကြည်ခြင်း	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1, 2, 3, 4, 6	Object of faith (Christ) must remain explicit per baseline note.
3	Salvation	σωτηρία	ကယ်တင်ခြင်း	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1, 2, 6	Never နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း; also the “helmet of salvation” in armor imagery (6:17).
4	Righteousness	δικαιοσύνη	ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	4, 5, 6	Also “breastplate of righteousness” (6:14); never ကုသိုလ်ကံ/သီလ.
5	Sin	ἁμαρτία	အပြစ်	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Core-passage foundational term (2:1).
6	Called / Calling	κλητός / κλῆσις	ခေါ်တော်မူသော / ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း	High	Election and Predestination in Christ	1, 4	Context: apostolic call (referenced through Paul’s self-identity) and general calling (4:1, 4:4).
7	Election	ἐκλογή (cognate ἐξελέξατο)	ရွေးကောက်ခြင်း	High	Election and Predestination in Christ	1	Intensified by προορίζω (see New Table); never ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ.
8	Adoption	υἱοθεσία	သားအဖြစ်လက်ခံခြင်း	Medium	Election and Predestination in Christ	1	1:5, God’s predetermined purpose.
9	Holy / Saints	ἅγιος / ἅγιοι	သန့်ရှင်းသော / သန့်ရှင်းသူများ	High	The Church as the Body of Christ	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	Frequent throughout; never ရဟန္တာ (arahant elite).
10	Sanctification	ἁγιασμός (cognate ἁγιάζω)	သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း	High	Walking in Newness of Life	5	Christ sanctifies the church (5:26).
11	Church	ἐκκλησία	အသင်းတော်	Medium/High	The Church as the Body of Christ	1, 3, 5	Never ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ; intensified risk where church = God’s dwelling place (2:21-22) and Christ’s bride (5:23-32).
12	Gentiles	ἔθνη	တစ်ပါးအမျိုးသား	Medium	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2, 3	Central to the unity doctrine.
13	Peace	εἰρήνη	ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း	Medium/High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	1, 2, 4, 6	Intensified where Christ himself is called “our peace” (2:14).
14	Glory	δόξα	ဘုန်းတော်	High	Election and Predestination in Christ	1, 3	”Riches of his glory” (1:18, 3:16); never ဘုန်းကံ.
15	Law	νόμος	ပညတ်တရား	High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	”Law of commandments” abolished as basis of division (2:15).
16	Covenant	διαθήκη	ပဋိညာဉ်	High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	”Covenants of promise” (2:12); requires OT background teaching.
17	Spiritual Gifts	χαρίσματα (cognate)	ဝိညာဉ်ဆုကျေးဇူး	Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	”Measure of the gift of Christ” (4:7).
18	Apostle	ἀπόστολος	တမန်တော်	Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	1, 3, 4	Paul’s self-identity (1:1); gift-office (4:11).
19	Prophet	προφήτης	ပရောဖက်	Low	Gifts for Building Up the Church / Mystery of Christ Revealed	2, 3, 4	Foundation of apostles and prophets (2:20); revelation recipients (3:5); gift-office (4:11).
20	Holy Spirit	πνεῦμα ἅγιον	သန့်ရှင်းသောဝိညာဉ်တော်	Critical	Walking in Newness of Life / Spiritual Warfare	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	Never ဝိညာဉ်/နတ်ဝိညာဉ်; the most frequently recurring Critical term in the letter.
21	Father (God)	πατήρ	အဖ	Critical	Election and Predestination in Christ	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	Never ဗြဟ္မာ; opens and closes the letter.
22	God	θεός	ဘုရားသခင်	Critical	(all doctrines)	1–6	Never ဘုရား alone or နတ်သခင်.
23	Lord	κύριος	သခင်	Critical	Christ-Centered Relationships / Spiritual Warfare	1, 2, 4, 5, 6	Note: 6:5-9 also uses κύριος for a human “master” — requires disambiguating translator note where non-divine.
24	Jesus / Christ	Ἰησοῦς / Χριστός	ယေရှု / ခရစ်တော်	Critical	(all doctrines)	1–6	Standard Myanmar Bible forms retained throughout.
25	Son of God	υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ	ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော်	Critical	Election and Predestination in Christ	4	”Knowledge of the Son of God” (4:13).
26	Resurrection	ἀνάστασις (cognate ἐγείρω)	ထမြောက်ခြင်း	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1, 2	Intensified compound συνεγείρω (2:6); never ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း.
27	Power of God	δύναμις θεοῦ	ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော်	High	Election and Predestination in Christ / Spiritual Warfare	1, 3, 6	Stacked with near-synonyms in 1:19-21; never အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး.
28	Intercession / Prayer	ὑπερεντυγχάνω-family / προσευχή	အသနားခံခြင်း / ဆုတောင်းခြင်း	Medium	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	6	”Praying always in the Spirit” (6:18); never petitioning nats.

Table 2 — New Terms Introduced by Ephesians (Proposed Renderings, Pending Confirmation)

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Proposed Burmese Rendering	Risk	Doctrine Cluster	Chapters	Rationale Summary
29	Predestined / Predestination	προορίζω	proorizō	ကြိုတင်ခန့်ထားတော်မူသော	Critical	Election and Predestination in Christ	1, 2	Must be sharply distinguished from ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ (karma-fixed destiny); intensifies the baseline election caution.
30	Redemption	ἀπολύτρωσις	apolytrōsis	ရွေးနှင်းခြင်း	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1	A costly price paid by another, not self-achieved liberation from a cycle.
31	Forgiveness (of trespasses)	ἄφεσις	aphesis	လွှတ်ငြိမ်းခွင့်	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1	Debt/legal-release image; keep distinct from gradual merit-based debt reduction.
32	Mystery	μυστήριον	mystērion	နက်နဲသောအမှုအရာ / လျှို့ဝှက်ချက်တော်	High	The Mystery of Christ Revealed	1, 3, 5, 6	Fully revealed truth for all believers, not an esoteric teaching reserved for an initiated elite.
33	Inheritance	κληρονομία	klēronomia	အမွေ	Medium	Election and Predestination in Christ	1	Secured by grace and Spirit-guaranteed, not merit-distributed.
34	Sealed (with the Spirit)	σφραγίζω	sphragizō	တံဆိပ်ခတ်တော်မူသည်	High	Election and Predestination in Christ	1, 4	Distinguish from protective amulet/tattoo seals (in-saq) in Burmese folk practice.
35	Guarantee/Pledge	ἀρραβών	arrabōn	အာမခံချက်	Medium	Election and Predestination in Christ	1	Certain future completion, not a revocable pledge.
36	Head (authority/source)	κεφαλή	kephalē	ဦးခေါင်း / ခေါင်းဆောင်	High	The Church as the Body of Christ / Household Codes	1, 4, 5	Must remain consistent across ecclesial (1:22, 4:15) and marital (5:23) senses.
37	Body (of Christ)	σῶμα	sōma	ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ	High	The Church as the Body of Christ	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	Foundational ecclesiological metaphor; keep identical across all occurrences.
38	Fullness	πλήρωμα	plērōma	ပြည့်စုံခြင်း	Medium/High	The Church as the Body of Christ / Mystery of Christ Revealed	1, 3, 4	Christ’s own completeness expressed through the church, not a merit-attained state or Gnostic emanation hierarchy.
39	Dead (spiritually)	νεκρός	nekros	သေလျက်ရှိသော	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Core passage (2:1); relational deadness toward God, not the natural cycle of death/rebirth.
40	Trespasses	παράπτωμα	paraptōma	ပြစ်မှားမှု	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	1, 2	Specific offense against a personal God.
41	Course of this world / age	αἰὼν τοῦ κόσμου	aiōn tou kosmou	ဤလောက၏ခေတ်ကာလ	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith / Spiritual Warfare	2	Present fallen moral order; distinguish from Buddhist cosmological loka.
42	Prince/ruler of the power of the air	ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος	archōn tēs exousias tou aeros	လေထုအာဏာစက်ကိုအုပ်စိုးသောမင်း	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	2	Names Satan personally; not one nat among a pantheon governing the sky.
43	Sons of disobedience	υἱοὶ τῆς ἀπειθείας	huioi tēs apeitheias	နာခံမှုမရှိသောသားများ	Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2, 5	Hebraic idiom requiring descriptive (not literal genealogical) rendering.
44	Lusts/desires of the flesh	ἐπιθυμίαι τῆς σαρκός	epithymiai tēs sarkos	ဇာတိပကတိ၏တပ်မက်မှုများ	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Corrupted human nature in rebellion, not a neutral disposition to purify by discipline.
45	Children of wrath by nature	τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς	tekna physei orgēs	ဇာတိအားဖြင့် ဒေါသအမျက်တော်ခံထိုက်သောသားများ	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Personal, righteous divine wrath — never impersonal karma or a merit-appeasable displeasure.
46	Rich in mercy	πλούσιος ἐν ἐλέει	plousios en eleei	သနားခြင်းကရုဏာနှင့်ကြွယ်ဝတော်မူသော	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Personal mercy of a sovereign God; distinguish from Buddhist cultivated karuna.
47	Love (agapē, of God/Christ)	ἀγάπη	agapē	ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith / Christ-Centered Relationships	1, 2, 3, 5, 6	Distinguish consistently from Buddhist cultivated မေတ္တာ; self-sacrificial, covenantal, cross-shaped.
48	Made alive together with Christ	συζωοποιέω	synzōopoieō	ခရစ်တော်နှင့်အတူ အသက်ရှင်စေတော်မူသည်	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Core-passage union-with-Christ term; not a repeatable rebirth cycle.
49	Raised up together / Seated together	συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω	synegeirō / synkathizō	ခရစ်တော်နှင့်အတူ ထမြောက်စေ/ထိုင်ခုံပေါ်တင်	Critical / High	Salvation by Grace through Faith / Election	2	Present, secure positional victory in Christ shared with the believer.
50	Heavenly places	ἐπουράνια	epourania	ကောင်းကင်ဘုံအရပ်များ	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	1, 2, 3, 6	Unseen spiritual dimension of reign and conflict; not a tiered merit-attained deva cosmology.
51	Immeasurable/surpassing riches (of grace)	ὑπερβάλλον πλοῦτος	hyperballon ploutos	လွန်စွာကြွယ်ဝသောစည်းစိမ်	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2, 3	God’s own inexhaustible favor on permanent display, not a merit-store.
52	Kindness	χρηστότης	chrēstotēs	သနားညှာတာမှု	Low/Medium	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Distinguish from ကရုဏာ (mercy) to avoid term-collapse.
53	Gift (unilateral)	δῶρον	dōron	လက်ဆောင်ကျေးဇူး	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Unilateral divine giving; opposite direction from ဒါန (dana, human merit-giving).
54	Works (excluded as basis of salvation)	ἔργα	erga	ကောင်းမှုအကျင့်	Critical	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Highest-stakes term-collision with Buddhist merit-making (ကုသိုလ်ပြုခြင်း); explicitly excluded as salvation’s ground.
55	Boasting	καυχάομαι	kauchaomai	ကိုယ်ကိုယ်ဂုဏ်ယူဝါကြွားခြင်း	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	Excludes self-credit for salvation.
56	Workmanship	ποίημα	poiēma	ဘုရားသခင်၏လက်ရာ	High	Salvation by Grace through Faith	2	God’s own craftsmanship in the believer, not self-fashioned achievement.
57	Created (new creation)	κτίζω	ktizō	ဖန်ဆင်းတော်မူထားသော	High	Walking in Newness of Life	2, 4	Divine creative act; echoes Genesis creation vocabulary.
58	Good works (as fruit)	ἔργα ἀγαθά	erga agatha	ကောင်းမှုအကျင့် (fruit sense)	Critical	Walking in Newness of Life	2	Same word as #54; opposite argumentative role — fruit, never cause. Translator note mandatory distinguishing the two uses within 2:9-10.
59	Prepared beforehand	προετοιμάζω	proetoimazō	ကြိုတင်၍ ပြင်ဆင်ထားတော်မူသော	High	Election and Predestination in Christ / Walking in Newness of Life	2	Sovereign gracious plan, not impersonal predetermined fate.
60	Walk (conduct of life)	περιπατέω	peripateō	ကျင့်နေခြင်း / သွားလာကျင့်ကြံခြင်း	Low/Medium	Walking in Newness of Life	2, 4, 5	Recurring “walk” motif; keep one consistent term across all occurrences (2:2, 2:10, 4:1, 4:17, 5:2, 5:8, 5:15).
61	Uncircumcision / Circumcision	ἀκροβυστία / περιτομή	akrobystia / peritomē	အရေဖျားလှီးမင်္ဂလာမခံသူ / ခံသူ	Medium	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	Requires OT covenant-sign background teaching.
62	Dividing wall of hostility	μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ	mesotoichon tou phragmou	ခွဲခြားထားသော အကာအရံနှင့် ရန်လိုမှု	High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	Key unity-doctrine term; extendable by implication to Bamar-Buddhist/ethnic-minority sensitivities.
63	One new man / new humanity	εἷς καινὸς ἄνθρωπος	heis kainos anthrōpos	တစ်ဦးတည်းသောလူသစ်	High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	A genuinely new corporate humanity, not a merged alliance of two old groups.
64	Reconcile	ἀποκαταλλάσσω	apokatallassō	ပြန်လည်သင့်မြတ်စေခြင်း	High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	Simultaneous horizontal and vertical reconciliation accomplished at the cross.
65	Access (to the Father)	προσαγωγή	prosagōgē	ချဉ်းကပ်ခွင့်	Medium/High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Mystery of Christ Revealed	2, 3	Direct, unmediated access; no intermediary (nat, monk) required.
66	Fellow citizens / household of God	συμπολίτης / οἰκεῖος	sympolitēs / oikeios	နိုင်ငံသားချင်း / အိမ်ထောင်စုသား	Medium/High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	2	Full, equal belonging status, not provisional inclusion.
67	Cornerstone / Foundation	ἀκρογωνιαῖος / θεμέλιος	akrogōniaios / themelios	ထောင့်ချုပ်ကျောက် / အုတ်မြစ်	Medium	The Church as the Body of Christ	2	Standard architectural-theological metaphor.
68	Holy temple / dwelling place of God	ναὸς ἅγιος / κατοικητήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ	naos hagios / katoikētērion tou theou	သန့်ရှင်းသောဗိမာန်တော်	High	The Church as the Body of Christ	2	Corporate church as God’s dwelling; never a pagoda/monastery building.
69	Stewardship of grace	οἰκονομία τῆς χάριτος	oikonomia tēs charitos	ကျေးဇူးတော်ကို လုပ်ကိုင်စီမံရသော တာဝန်	Medium	The Mystery of Christ Revealed	3	Paul’s apostolic administrative commission.
70	Fellow heirs	συγκληρονόμος	synklēronomos	အတူတကွ အမွေခံသူများ	Medium/High	Unity of Jews and Gentiles	3	Equal, not partial, inheritance share for Gentiles.
71	Manifold wisdom of God	πολυποίκιλος σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ	polypoikilos sophia tou theou	ဘုရားသခင်၏ ကွဲပြားစွာသော ဉာဏ်ပညာတော်	Medium	The Mystery of Christ Revealed	3	Divine attribute displayed in redemptive history, not meditative path-wisdom.
72	Rulers, authorities (heavenly)	ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι	archai, exousiai	အထွဋ်အမြတ်များနှင့် အာဏာပိုင်များ	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	1, 3, 6	Consistent across 1:21, 3:10, 6:12.
73	Rooted and grounded in love	ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι ἐν ἀγάπῃ	errizōmenoi kai tethemeliōmenoi en agapē	မေတ္တာ၌ အမြစ်စွဲ၍ တည်ထောင်ထားသော	High	Christ-Centered Relationships	3	Uses qualified agapē rendering (#47).
74	Unity of the Spirit / bond of peace	ἑνότης τοῦ Πνεύματος / σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰρήνης	henotēs tou pneumatos / syndesmos tēs eirēnēs	ဝိညာဉ်တော်၏ စည်းလုံးညီညွတ်မှု / ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း၏ ချည်နှောင်မှု	High	The Church as the Body of Christ	4	Spirit-given unity to be preserved, not negotiated.
75	The sevenfold “one” creed	ἓν σῶμα, ἓν Πνεῦμα, μία ἐλπίς, εἷς Κύριος, μία πίστις, ἓν βάπτισμα, εἷς Θεός	(see above)	(composite; see Table 1 reused terms + baptism)	High	The Church as the Body of Christ	4	Must retain emphatic numerical singularity in Burmese syntax.
76	Measure of the gift of Christ	μέτρον τῆς δωρεᾶς τοῦ Χριστοῦ	metron tēs dōreas tou Christou	ခရစ်တော်၏ဆုကျေးဇူးအတိုင်းအတာ	Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	Sovereignly apportioned, not differing merit-levels.
77	Evangelist / Pastor / Teacher	εὐαγγελιστής / ποιμήν / διδάσκαλος	euangelistēs / poimēn / didaskalos	သတင်းကောင်းဟောပြောသူ / သိုးထိန်း / ဆရာ	Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	Distinguish “သိုးထိန်း” from monastic teacher-role ဆရာတော်.
78	Equipping	καταρτισμός	katartismos	အသင့်ပြင်ဆင်ပေးခြင်း	Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	Purpose of the gift-offices.
79	Building up the body	οἰκοδομή	oikodomē	တည်ဆောက်ခြင်း	Low/Medium	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	Corporate growth goal.
80	Mature manhood / fullness of Christ’s stature	ἀνὴρ τέλειος / μέτρον ἡλικίας τοῦ πληρώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ	anēr teleios / metron hēlikias tou plērōmatos tou Christou	ပြည့်စုံရင့်ကျက်ခြင်း	High	Gifts for Building Up the Church	4	Corporate, Christ-measured maturity, not individual attainment ladder.
81	Old self / new self	παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος	palaios anthrōpos / kainos anthrōpos	ဓလေ့ဟောင်းလူ / လူသစ်	High	Walking in Newness of Life	4	Decisive, once-for-all identity change in Christ, not gradual self-improvement.
82	Renewed in the mind	ἀνανεόω	ananeoō	စိတ်နှလုံး၏ဝိညာဉ်ကို အသစ်ပြုပြင်ခြင်း	Medium	Walking in Newness of Life	4	Spirit-enabled, not self-directed meditative mind-training.
83	Grieve the Holy Spirit	λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον	lypeō to pneuma to hagion	ဝိညာဉ်တော်ကို စိတ်မသာအောင်ပြုခြင်း	Critical	Walking in Newness of Life	4	Reinforces the personhood of the Spirit (baseline Critical guardrail).
84	Imitators of God	μιμηταὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ	mimētai tou theou	ဘုရားသခင်ကို အတုယူသူများ	Medium	Christ-Centered Relationships	5	Spirit-enabled Christlikeness, not self-attained divine-like status.
85	Offering and sacrifice (of Christ)	προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία	prosphora kai thysia	ပူဇော်ရာယဇ်အဖြစ် ဆက်ကပ်တော်မူသော	High	Christ-Centered Relationships	5	OT sacrificial fulfillment; distinguish from ritual merit-offerings.
86	Children/fruit of light	τέκνα φωτός / καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός	tekna phōtos / karpos tou phōtos	အလင်း၏သားများ / အလင်း၏အသီးအနှံ	Medium	Walking in Newness of Life	5	Moral transformation in Christ, not an impersonal light-principle.
87	Filled with the Spirit	πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι	plēroō en pneumati	ဝိညာဉ်တော်နှင့်ပြည့်ဝခြင်း	High	Walking in Newness of Life	5	Continual yielding to the personal Spirit, not induced trance/altered state.
88	Submitting to one another	ὑποτάσσομαι ἀλλήλοις	hypotassomai allēlois	အချင်းချင်း နာခံခြင်း	High	Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships	5	Mutual, Christ-reverent frame preceding wife/husband instruction.
89	Wife submission / Husband headship	ὑποτάσσω / κεφαλή (marital)	hypotassō / kephalē	နာခံခြင်း / ဦးခေါင်း(အိမ်ထောင်ရေး)	High	Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships	5	Must be taught inseparably with Christ’s self-sacrificial headship pattern (5:25).
90	One flesh	μία σάρξ	mia sarx	တစ်သား တစ်ကိုယ်တည်း	Medium	Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships	5	Genesis 2:24 citation; cross-reference consistency required.
91	Fathers, do not provoke; discipline/instruction of the Lord	μὴ παροργίζετε / παιδεία καὶ νουθεσία Κυρίου	mē parorgizete / paideia kai nouthesia kyriou	မာနတက်စေခြင်းမပြုရ / သခင်ဘုရား၏ စည်းကမ်းသွန်သင်မှု	Medium	Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships	6	Corrective balance to husband/father authority.
92	Bondservants and masters	δοῦλος / κύριος (household)	doulos / kyrios	ကျွန် / သခင် (အိမ်ထောင်ရေး/အလုပ်သမား အဓိပ္ပာယ်)	Medium/High	Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships	6	κύριος here is NOT the divine Lord; translator note required to disambiguate from Table 1 #23.
93	Whole armor of God	πανοπλία τοῦ Θεοῦ	panoplia tou theou	ဘုရားသခင်၏ စစ်တန်ဆာအစုံ	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	6	Protective equipment for an already-decided conflict; not amulet-style magical protection.
94	Wiles of the devil	μεθοδεία τοῦ διαβόλου	methodeia tou diabolou	မာရ်နတ်၏ပရိယာယ်များ	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	6	Distinguish biblical Satan/Mara from the distinct Buddhist Mara figure.
95	Rulers, authorities, cosmic powers, spiritual forces of evil	ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας	archai, exousiai, kosmokratores, pneumatika tēs ponērias	အထွဋ်အမြတ်များ၊ အာဏာပိုင်များ၊ ဤမှောင်မိုက်ကမ္ဘာကို အုပ်စိုးသူများ၊ မကောင်းမှု၏ဝိညာဉ်ဓာတ်များ	Critical	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	1, 3, 6	Densest spiritual-power vocabulary cluster; explicit anti-syncretism teaching required (nats, astrology, weizza) — mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
96	Belt/breastplate/shield/helmet/sword (armor pieces)	ζώνη, θώραξ, θυρεός, περικεφαλαία, μάχαιρα	zōnē, thōrax, thyreos, perikephalaia, machaira	ခါးပန်း၊ ရင်အုပ်သံချပ်၊ ဒိုင်း၊ သံခေါင်းအုပ်၊ ဓား	High	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	6	Each piece’s allegorized referent (truth/righteousness/faith/salvation/Spirit-word) must remain intact.
97	Word of God (rhema)	ῥῆμα Θεοῦ	rhēma theou	ဘုရားသခင်၏ နှုတ်ကပတ်တော်	Medium	Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God	6	Distinguish from generic “teaching” vocabulary.
98	Ambassador in chains	πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει	presbeuō en halysei	သံကြိုးများနှင့်ချည်နှောင်ခံရသော သံအမတ်	Low	Gifts for Building Up the Church (apostolic authority)	6	Biographical; reinforces apostolic authenticity.

Cross-Reference: Terms Requiring Mandatory Human Theologian Review (Critical Tier)

Per baseline escalation rules, the following Ephesians terms/passages are Critical tier and require human theologian review at every occurrence:

Grace (χάρις) — 1:2,6,7; 2:5,7,8; 3:2,7,8; 4:7; 6:24
Salvation (σωτηρία) — 1:13; 2:5,8; 6:17
Righteousness (δικαιοσύνη) — 4:24; 5:9; 6:14
Resurrection compounds (ἐγείρω/συνεγείρω) — 1:20; 2:6
Son of God / Sonship of Christ — 1:5-6; 4:13
Holy Spirit personhood — throughout; especially 4:30 (grieve the Spirit)
Father (God) vs. Brahma-risk — 1:2-3,17; 2:18; 3:14-15; 4:6; 5:20; 6:23
Predestination (προορίζω) — 1:5, 1:11
Children of wrath by nature (2:3) — original sin / universal accountability
Union-with-Christ compounds (συζωοποιέω, 2:5) — 2:5-6
Works excluded from salvation / good works as fruit (2:9-10) — the grace/merit collision point
One new man / dividing wall (2:14-16) — Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Holy temple / dwelling place of God (2:21-22) — Church identity vs. pagoda/monastery risk
Old self / new self (4:22-24) — Walking in Newness of Life
Rulers, authorities, cosmic powers, spiritual forces of evil (1:21; 3:10; 6:12) — Spiritual Warfare
Whole armor of God and its allegorized pieces (6:11-17) — where Critical-tier terms (righteousness, faith, salvation, Spirit/word) are embedded in warfare metaphor

Notes for Step 2 (Linguistic Gap Analysis)

All 70 “NEW” terms in Table 2 require formal linguistic-gap review before being written into an updated translation_memory.json for the Ephesians curriculum.
Special attention is flagged for terms with high syncretism surface area given Burmese folk-Buddhist and nat-spirit religious practice: the “prince of the power of the air” (#42), “sealed with the Spirit” vs. protective tattoos/amulets (#34), “whole armor of God” vs. protective charms (#93), and the compressed spiritual-powers list of 6:12 (#95) — all recommended for dedicated cultural-context sub-analysis in Step 3/4 deliverables.
The qualified rendering of ἀγάπη (#47, ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ) recurs so frequently (14+ occurrences across the letter) that a standing translator-note template distinguishing it from Buddhist မေတ္တာ should be drafted once and reused, rather than re-derived per occurrence.
The dual sense of κύριος (divine Lord vs. human master, #92 vs. Table 1 #23) is unique to Ephesians within the curricula processed so far and should be added as a disambiguation rule in the next update to the AI translation requirements document (Step 12 equivalent for this curriculum).

Critical Risk Terms

Children Of Wrath

Approved rendering: ဇာတိအားဖြင့် ဒေါသအမျက်တော်ခံထိုက်သောသားများ
Transliteration: zar-ti ar-hpyin daw-tha a-myet-taw khan-htaik-thaw thar myar
Doctrine: Divine Wrath Against Sin
Rejected alternatives: ကံ (impersonal karmic ripening), merit-appeasable displeasure framing
Original: τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:3. God’s wrath must be presented as the personal, righteous judicial anger of a holy Creator against real moral guilt — never impersonal karmic consequence, never diluted into a displeasure appeasable through merit-making, which would collapse this doctrine back into the framework grace (2:8-9) explicitly excludes.

Christ

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်
Transliteration: Khayitto
Doctrine: Union with Christ / Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: မေရှိယ (reserved for explicit OT-fulfillment contexts only, per Romans baseline)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

NEW to Ephesians curriculum (not separately keyed in the Romans baseline, which used only ‘jesus’). The established Myanmar Christian proper-name/title form ခရစ်တော်, distinct from the transliterated မေရှိယ reserved for explicit OT-fulfillment prophecy contexts. Ephesians’ entire theology of union (‘in Christ,’ ~30 occurrences across chs.1-6), headship, and the revealed mystery depends on ခရစ်တော် being read as a fixed proper name/title, never a generic honorific for a respected teacher.

Father

Approved rendering: အဖ
Transliteration: a-pha
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never ဗြဟ္မာ. Ephesians opens and closes with ‘God our Father’ (1:2; 6:23) and climaxes in 3:14-15 and 4:6 (‘one God and Father of all’) — personal, relational Father, never an impersonal cosmic Brahma-realm principle.

God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရား, နတ်သခင်
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never ဘုရား alone or နတ်သခင်. Governs every doctrinal statement across all six chapters of Ephesians.

Good Works As Fruit

Approved rendering: ကောင်းမှုအကျင့်
Transliteration: kaung-hmu a-kyin
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:10: believers ‘created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand.’ Identical Burmese phrase to ‘works_excluded’ but the OPPOSITE argumentative role — fruit, never cause. MANDATORY translator note at every occurrence of this doctrinal pivot distinguishing v.9 (excluded) from v.10 (fruit); never omit this pairing.

Grace

Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်, ကံကောင်းခြင်း, ဝါသနာတော်, ဒါန
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never use ကုသိုလ်, ကံကောင်းခြင်း, or ဒါန (meritorious donation). Ephesians 2:5,7-8 is the curriculum’s doctrinal center; grace and works (ကောင်းမှုအကျင့်) must be held in strict antithesis, never as two co-contributing causes. Also Paul’s ministry-commission term (‘stewardship of this grace,’ 3:2,7-8) and the letter’s opening/closing frame (1:2,6-7; 6:24).

Grieve The Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: ဝိညာဉ်တော်ကို စိတ်မသာအောင်ပြုခြင်း
Transliteration: weinnyin-taw ko seik-ma-thar-aung pyu-chin
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Personhood and Work
Rejected alternatives: impersonal force/life-energy framing
Original: λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 4:30. Requires the Spirit’s full personhood, capable of relational sorrow — the decisive personhood text in the letter, directly against Theravada anatta’s denial of any permanent self/spirit-entity.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသောဝိညာဉ်တော်
Transliteration: thangyinthaw weinnyin-taw
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ဝိညာဉ်, ဝိညာဉ်
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never ဝိညာဉ် alone or နတ်ဝိညာဉ်. Ephesians is saturated with Spirit-language: sealing (1:13), access (2:18), the church built ‘in the Spirit’ (2:22), revelation (3:5), inner strengthening (3:16), unity (4:3), grieving the Spirit (4:30 — the decisive personhood text), filling (5:18), and the sword of the Spirit (6:17).

Jesus

Approved rendering: ယေရှု
Transliteration: Yayshu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ရှင်ယေရှု
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Standard Myanmar Bible form since Judson; keep consistent across Ephesians, typically paired as ‘Christ Jesus’ or ‘the Lord Jesus Christ.‘

Made Alive With Christ

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်နှင့်အတူ အသက်ရှင်စေတော်မူသည်
Transliteration: Khayitto-taw nhint a-tu a-thet-shin-say-taw-mu-thi
Doctrine: Union with Christ
Rejected alternatives: ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း (rebirth cycle)
Original: συζωοποιέω
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:5, the core passage’s central union-with-Christ term (συζωοποιέω). The compound ‘with Christ’ must never be lost through simplification to a plain ‘gave life’; must never suggest a repeatable cycle of dying and reviving.

Predestined

Approved rendering: ကြိုတင်ခန့်ထားတော်မူသော
Transliteration: kyo-tin khan-htar-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ, ကံကြမ္မာ
Original: προορίζω
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:5,11. Coined descriptive compound with no independent life in ordinary Burmese, chosen precisely to avoid importing karmic connotation. Must be sharply distinguished from ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ; the letter’s signature intensified election term (occurs twice in ch.1), given added weight by the pre-creation timeframe of 1:4.

Raised And Seated With Christ

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်နှင့်အတူ ထမြောက်စေ၍ ထိုင်ခုံပေါ်တင်တော်မူသည်
Transliteration: Khayitto-taw nhint a-tu hta-myauk-say-yi htaing-khun-por-tin-taw-mu-thi
Doctrine: Resurrection and Present Positional Victory
Rejected alternatives: ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း, ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း, merit-based deva/Brahma-realm ascent
Original: συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:6 (συνεγείρω/συγκαθίζω). Present, secure positional authority in Christ over the very powers named in 2:2 and 6:12 — never a vague future hope, never merit-based ascent through celestial realms attained through accumulated kutho.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: ထမြောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: hta-myauk-chin
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း, ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း
Original: ἀνάστασις (cognate ἐγείρω)
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း/ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း. Ephesians 1:20 (Christ’s own resurrection) and the intensified compound in 2:6 (believers raised together with Christ) both require this exact term; the union compound must never be softened into a repeatable cycle.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: ဖြောင့်မတ်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyaungmat-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ကံ, သီလ
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never ကုသိုလ်ကံ or သီလ. Appears in the ‘new self’ description (4:24), ‘fruit of light’ (5:9), and as the ‘breastplate of righteousness’ (6:14) — in every case the imputed/gift sense of the Romans baseline must be retained.

Rulers Authorities Cosmic Powers Spiritual Forces Of Evil

Approved rendering: အထွဋ်အမြတ်များ၊ အာဏာပိုင်များ၊ ဤမှောင်မိုက်ကမ္ဘာကို အုပ်စိုးသူများ၊ ကောင်းကင်ဘုံအရပ်၌ရှိသော မကောင်းမှု၏ဝိညာဉ်ဓာတ်များ
Transliteration: a-htwet-a-myat myar, ar-nar-paing myar, thi-mhaung-maik-ka-ba ko oat-soe-thu myar, kaung-kin-bon a-yat ni-shi-thaw ma-kaung-hmu i weinnyin-dat myar
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: 37-nat pantheon framing, impersonal cosmic-force framing, merely psychological/social evil framing
Original: ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους τούτου, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις
Category: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

Ephesians 1:21; 3:10; 6:12. The densest concentration of spiritual-power vocabulary in the letter and the passage most vulnerable to syncretistic reinterpretation given Burmese folk cosmology’s populated spirit-world (37 nats, territorial guardians, astrology, weizza). MANDATORY explicit teaching at every occurrence: these are real personal evil beings under a defeated commander, not a pantheon to placate; believers must not seek protective mediation from nats, astrologers, or weizza practitioners.

Salvation

Approved rendering: ကယ်တင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kaetin-chin
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း, လွတ်မြောက်ခြင်း
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း. Ephesians 2:5,8 use the perfect-passive-participle ‘already, decisively saved’ sense; 1:13 and the ‘helmet of salvation’ (6:17) must retain the same completed, secure sense, not an ongoing self-attained state.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i tharadaw
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဗြဟ္မာ့သား, နတ်သား
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never ဗြဟ္မာ့သား/နတ်သား. Ephesians 4:13: corporate maturity is measured by ‘the knowledge of the Son of God’ — eternal, unique, co-equal Sonship, never metaphorical or honorary.

Works Excluded

Approved rendering: ကောင်းမှုအကျင့်
Transliteration: kaung-hmu a-kyin
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: ကုသိုလ်ပြုခြင်း framing as contributing cause
Original: ἔργα
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:9: ‘not a result of works, so that no one may boast.’ The single highest-stakes term-collision point for a Myanmar Buddhist-background audience: this is the operative vocabulary of daily merit-making (ကုသိုလ်ပြုခြင်း). MANDATORY: pair with the standing grace/works translator note (see 12_ai_translation_requirements.md) distinguishing this excluded-cause use from the fruit-use in 2:10 below.

High Risk Terms

Access To The Father

Approved rendering: ချဉ်းကပ်ခွင့်
Transliteration: chin-kat-khwin
Doctrine: Direct Access to God through Christ
Rejected alternatives: nat/monk intermediary framing
Original: προσαγωγή
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:18; 3:12. Must convey direct, unmediated access to God through Christ and one Spirit, distinct from needing an intermediary (nat, monk, other intercessory figure).

Armor Pieces

Approved rendering: ခါးပန်း၊ ရင်အုပ်သံချပ်၊ ဒိုင်း၊ သံခေါင်းအုပ်၊ ဓား
Transliteration: kha-pan, yin-oat-than-sat, daing, than-gaung-oat, dar
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ζώνη τῆς ἀληθείας, θώραξ τῆς δικαιοσύνης, θυρεὸς τῆς πίστεως, περικεφαλαία τοῦ σωτηρίου, μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος
Category: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

Ephesians 6:14-17. Each piece’s allegorized referent (truth/righteousness/faith/salvation/Spirit-word) must remain intact; the embedded Critical-tier terms (righteousness, faith, salvation, Holy Spirit) must never be swapped for lower-risk synonyms even inside this vivid metaphor.

Boasting

Approved rendering: ကိုယ်ကိုယ်ဂုဏ်ယူဝါကြွားခြင်း
Transliteration: ko-ko gun-yu wah-kywar-chin
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: καυχάομαι
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:9. Must close the door theologically opened by v.8’s grace-not-works logic — no believer may claim personal credit for salvation or superior spiritual attainment.

Body Of Christ

Approved rendering: ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ
Transliteration: ko-yi khan-da
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα
Category: Church

Foundational ecclesiological metaphor recurring at 1:23; 2:16; 3:6; 4:4,12,16; 5:23,30. Must be kept identical across every occurrence — the risk here is consistency, not syncretism.

Bondservants And Masters

Approved rendering: ကျွန် / သခင်
Transliteration: kyun / thakhin
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: divine endorsement of caste-like servitude
Original: δοῦλοι … κύριοι
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 6:5-9. Requires careful contextual teaching that Paul relativizes the institution’s claims (masters answer to an impartial heavenly Master, 6:9), not endorsing the social structure. κύριος here denotes an earthly master; MANDATORY translator note distinguishing this from the divine-Lord သခင် used elsewhere in the letter.

Called

Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူသော
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ဖိတ်ခေါ်ခြင်း
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:1 (apostolic call) and the summons believers are urged to walk worthy of (4:1). Never a revocable invitation.

Calling

Approved rendering: ခေါ်တော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: khaw-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Never ကံဇာတာ. Central to Ephesians 1:18 (‘hope of his calling’) and the sevenfold unity list (4:1,4).

Christ Loved The Church And Sanctified Her

Approved rendering: အသင်းတော်ကို ချစ်၍ နှုတ်ကပတ်တော်ဖြင့် ရေချိုးသန့်စင်စေတော်မူခြင်း
Transliteration: athin-taw ko chit-yi hnok-ka-pat-taw hpyin yay-cho thangyin-sin-say-taw-mu-chin
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: mechanical ritual-bathing framing
Original: ἠγάπησεν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν … ἁγιάσῃ καθαρίσας τῷ λουτρῷ τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:25-26. ‘Washing of water with the word’ is Spirit-and-word-effected sanctification, never a mechanical rite comparable to pagoda ritual bathing.

Covenant

Approved rendering: ပဋိညာဉ်
Transliteration: padi-nyin
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: သဘောတူညီချက်
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:12: Gentiles were formerly ‘strangers to the covenants of promise’ — requires explicit OT background teaching, since no comparable concept exists natively in Burmese religious tradition.

Dividing Wall Of Hostility

Approved rendering: ခွဲခြားထားသော အကာအရံနှင့် ရန်လိုမှု
Transliteration: khwe-hkyar-htar-thaw a-ka-a-yan nhint yan-lo-hmu
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:14. Key unity-doctrine term with historical temple-barrier background; extends by clear implication to ethnic/religious barriers a Myanmar audience might import, including Bamar-Buddhist majority/ethnic-minority Christian sensitivities.

Election

Approved rendering: ရွေးကောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: ywaykauk-chin
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ, ကံကြမ္မာ
Original: ἐκλογή (cognate ἐξελέξατο)
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Never ကံဇာတာ/ကံကြမ္မာ. Ephesians 1:4 intensifies this to a pre-creation (‘before the foundation of the world’) timeframe; must be taught alongside the new ‘predestined’ term below, not in isolation.

Fellow Heirs

Approved rendering: အတူတကွ အမွေခံသူများ
Transliteration: a-tu-ta-kwa a-mway-khan-thu myar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: partial-inheritance framing
Original: συγκληρονόμα
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 3:6. Must convey equal, not partial, inheritance share for Gentiles alongside Jewish believers, reinforcing that no ethnic group holds religious priority in Christ.

Filled With The Spirit

Approved rendering: ဝိညာဉ်တော်နှင့်ပြည့်ဝခြင်း
Transliteration: weinnyin-taw nhint pyi-wa-chin
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: induced trance/altered-state framing
Original: πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 5:18. Continual yielding to the personal Spirit’s influence, never an induced altered-consciousness state achieved through meditative technique or trance.

Fullness Pleroma

Approved rendering: ပြည့်စုံခြင်း
Transliteration: pyi-son-chin
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: individual meritorious perfection/attainment framing, Gnostic emanation-hierarchy framing
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Church

Ephesians 1:23; 3:19; 4:13. Christ’s own completeness expressed corporately through the church, never an individually attained perfection.

Gift Unilateral

Approved rendering: လက်ဆောင်ကျေးဇူး
Transliteration: let-hsaung kyayzu
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: ဒါန (dana, merit-generating human-to-monk/Buddha-image giving)
Original: δῶρον
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:8. Must be a unilateral gift from a personal giver (God) to the sinner, the opposite direction from ဒါန (the meritorious act of giving practiced by a Buddhist devotee), not a reward disbursed for spiritual practice.

Glory

Approved rendering: ဘုန်းတော်
Transliteration: phon-taw
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းကံ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Never ဘုန်းကံ. Ephesians’ recurring doxology refrain ‘to the praise of his glory’ (1:6,12,14) and ‘riches of his glory’ (1:18; 3:16) must be God’s own inherent honor freely displayed, never merit he has earned or a power believers accumulate.

Gospel

Approved rendering: သတင်းကောင်း
Transliteration: thadin kaung
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ဓမ္မသတင်း, ကောင်းသောအကြောင်းအရာ
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Established Myanmar Bible term meaning ‘good news’. In Ephesians recurs as ‘the gospel of your salvation’ (1:13), Paul’s gospel-ministry (3:6-7), ‘the gospel of peace’ (6:15), and ‘the mystery of the gospel’ (6:19) — always the same unique announcement, never diluted by the surrounding armor metaphor in ch.6.

Head Authority

Approved rendering: ဦးခေါင်း
Transliteration: u-gaung
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ / Household Codes
Rejected alternatives: senior-monk/abbot framing
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church

Ephesians 1:22 (Christ as head over all for the church); 4:15 (head of the growing body); 5:23 (husband as head of wife, patterned on Christ). Must be consistently rendered across ecclesial and marital senses; avoid suggesting Christ is merely a senior elder/abbot figure.

Heavenly Places

Approved rendering: ကောင်းကင်ဘုံအရပ်များ
Transliteration: kaung-kin-bon a-yat myar
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἐπουράνια
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 1:3,20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12. Keep terminologically consistent across all five occurrences; distinguish from the tiered Buddhist cosmology of deva/Brahma-realms attainable by merit — this is the unseen spiritual dimension of God’s reign and conflict, not a hierarchy of merit-earned abodes.

Holy Temple Dwelling Of God

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသောဗိမာန်တော်
Transliteration: thangyin-thaw beiman-taw
Doctrine: Church as God’s Holy Temple and Dwelling Place
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားကျောင်း, ဘုရားရိပ်သာ
Original: ναὸς ἅγιος / κατοικητήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Church

Ephesians 2:21-22. Never a physical pagoda/monastery building. The corporate people of God, Jew and Gentile together, as God’s own living dwelling by the Spirit.

Holy

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသော
Transliteration: thangyin-thaw
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: စင်ကြယ်သော
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:4: believers chosen to ‘be holy and blameless’ — an election-shaped holiness, not self-cultivated ritual purity.

Law

Approved rendering: ပညတ်တရား
Transliteration: pyinnat tayar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: ဝိနည်း
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Never ဝိနည်း (Buddhist monastic Vinaya). Ephesians 2:15: the ‘law of commandments’ is abolished in Christ’s flesh as the basis of Jew-Gentile division, not as a claim that God’s moral standard itself is discarded.

Lord

Approved rendering: သခင်
Transliteration: thakhin
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရင်, ဆရာသခင်
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Must convey exclusive supreme authority when referring to Christ (1:2-3,15,17; 4:1,5; 5:8,10,17,19-20,22; 6:1,4,7,10,21,23-24). CAUTION UNIQUE TO EPHESIANS: 6:5-9 uses the identical Greek κύριος for a human household ‘master’ — every such occurrence requires a mandatory translator note disambiguating the human-master sense from the divine-Lord sense used everywhere else in the letter.

Love Agape

Approved rendering: ချစ်ခြင်းမေတ္တာ
Transliteration: chit-chin met-ta
Doctrine: The Love of God and Christlike Self-Giving Love
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Salvation

Recurs at 1:4-5; 2:4; 3:17-19; 4:2,15-16; 5:2,25,28,33; 6:23-24. မေတ္တာ is a loaded Buddhist term (loving-kindness, one of the four brahmavihara) denoting a cultivated mental state radiated impartially without necessarily entailing self-sacrificial action. Agapē in Ephesians is personal, chosen, self-sacrificial, and covenantal, culminating in the cross (5:25); requires the standing agapē translator note at every occurrence.

Lusts Of The Flesh

Approved rendering: ဇာတိပကတိ၏တပ်မက်မှုများ
Transliteration: zar-ti-pa-ka-ti i tat-met-hmu myar
Doctrine: Spiritual Deadness and Total Depravity
Original: ἐπιθυμίαι τῆς σαρκός
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:3. ဇာတိပကတိ (natural/inherited nature) must be taught as morally corrupted nature in rebellion against a personal God, not a neutral or karmically-inherited disposition to be gradually purified through discipline.

Mature Manhood Fullness Of Christ

Approved rendering: ပြည့်စုံရင့်ကျက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: pyi-son yin-kyet-chin
Doctrine: Corporate Spiritual Maturity in Christ
Rejected alternatives: individual attainment-ladder framing
Original: ἀνὴρ τέλειος / μέτρον ἡλικίας τοῦ πληρώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Gifts for Building Up the Church

Ephesians 4:13. Maturity measured corporately against Christ’s own fullness, never individual meritorious spiritual attainment on a private ladder toward perfection.

Mercy Of God

Approved rendering: ကရုဏာ
Transliteration: ka-yu-na
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:4: God ‘rich in mercy.’ ကရုဏာ is a major Buddhist virtue term (one of the four brahmavihara); must be taught as the personal mercy of a sovereign, offended God freely choosing to spare and save, not a self-generated compassionate disposition cultivated through meditation. Pair explicitly with ကျေးဇူးတော် (grace) in surrounding verses.

Mystery Of Christ

Approved rendering: လျှို့ဝှက်ချက်တော်
Transliteration: hlyo-whet-chet-taw
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: နက်နဲသောအမှုအရာ (competing attested form, not adopted for this curriculum), esoteric weizza/initiate-only teaching framing
Original: μυστήριον
Category: The Mystery of Christ Revealed

Ephesians 1:9; 3:3-6,9; 5:32; 6:19. This curriculum formally settles on လျှို့ဝှက်ချက်တော် as the single fixed rendering (per 05_translation_landscape.md §6.3), rather than allowing this form to compete with နက်နဲသောအမှုအရာ within one set of study materials. Must be taught as fully and openly revealed to every believer — specifically Gentile co-heirship with Israel (3:6) — never an esoteric teaching reserved for an initiated elite.

New Creation In Christ

Approved rendering: ဖန်ဆင်းတော်မူထားသော
Transliteration: phan-hsin-taw-mu-htar-thaw
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: κτίζω / κτισθέντες
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 2:10 (‘created in Christ Jesus for good works’) and 4:24 (the new self ‘created after the likeness of God’). Echoes the same creation vocabulary Myanmar Bible tradition uses for Genesis, reinforcing a divine creative act, not human self-transformation through discipline.

Offering And Sacrifice Of Christ

Approved rendering: ပူဇော်ရာယဇ်အဖြစ် ဆက်ကပ်တော်မူသော
Transliteration: pu-zaw-ya-yit a-hpyit set-kat-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: ritual merit-offering framing (ပူဇော်ခြင်း to images/nats)
Original: προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:2. ပူဇော် (offer/venerate) must be understood as OT-pattern atoning sacrifice fulfilled once by Christ, not an act analogous to Buddhist ritual offerings made to images or spirits for merit or favor.

Old Self New Self

Approved rendering: ဓလေ့ဟောင်းလူ / လူသစ်
Transliteration: dale-haung lu / lu-thit
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: gradual self-improvement framing
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 4:22-24. A decisive, once-for-all identity change accomplished in union with Christ, never gradual moral self-improvement akin to progressively purifying one’s mind through discipline.

One New Man

Approved rendering: တစ်ဦးတည်းသောလူသစ်
Transliteration: ta-u-tae-thaw lu-thit
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: merged alliance/coalition of two groups
Original: εἷς καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:15. A genuinely new corporate humanity, never a merged alliance of two continuing groups; parallels the new-creation theme of 2:10 and 4:24.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏တန်ခိုးတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i tankhoe-taw
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Never အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး (amulet/relic potency). Ephesians 1:19-21 stacks near-synonyms for the power that raised Christ; 3:16-20 and 6:10 apply this same power to believers’ inner strengthening for spiritual conflict.

Prepared Beforehand

Approved rendering: ကြိုတင်၍ ပြင်ဆင်ထားတော်မူသော
Transliteration: kyo-tin-yi pyin-sin-htar-taw-mu-thaw
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: ကံဇာတာ (impersonal predetermined fate)
Original: προετοιμάζω
Category: Election

Ephesians 2:10. Must convey a personal, sovereign, gracious divine plan, not an impersonal predetermined karmic fate.

Prince Of The Power Of The Air

Approved rendering: လေထုအာဏာစက်ကိုအုပ်စိုးသောမင်း
Transliteration: lay-htu ar-nar-set ko oat-soe-thaw min
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: placating this figure as one nat among a pantheon
Original: ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 2:2. Burmese folk cosmology is dense with nat spirits, guardian spirits of place, and astrological sky-powers; must identify Satan personally, a defeated but still-active enemy under Christ’s supremacy (1:20-22), never one nat among a pantheon to be placated.

Reconcile

Approved rendering: ပြန်လည်သင့်မြတ်စေခြင်း
Transliteration: pyan-le thin-myat-say-chin
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:16. Must convey a decisive act accomplished once by Christ’s cross, addressing horizontal (Jew-Gentile) and vertical (God-humanity) estrangement simultaneously.

Redemption

Approved rendering: ရွေးနှင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: ywe-nhin-chin
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း (self-attained liberation)
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 1:7,14. Must convey a costly transaction paid by another (Christ’s blood) on the sinner’s behalf, not a self-achieved liberation comparable to escaping the cycle of samsara through personal discipline.

Riches Of Grace

Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်၏ လွန်စွာကြွယ်ဝသောစည်းစိမ်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw i lun-swa kywe-wa-thaw si-zein
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ὑπερβάλλον πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:7; cf. 1:7,18; 3:8,16. Riches/wealth imagery must not evoke Buddhist notions of prosperity as fruit of past merit; God’s own inexhaustible, freely-given favor displayed forever, not a merit-store believers draw upon.

Rooted Grounded In Love

Approved rendering: မေတ္တာ၌ အမြစ်စွဲ၍ တည်ထောင်ထားသော
Transliteration: met-ta ni a-myit-swe-yi ti-htaung-htar-thaw
Doctrine: The Love of God and Christlike Self-Giving Love

Ephesians 3:17. Combined horticultural/architectural metaphor for stability; uses the qualified agapē-love rendering (see love_agape), distinguished from cultivated Buddhist မေတ္တာ.

Sanctification

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းခြင်း
Transliteration: thangyin-chin
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ရေချိုးသန့်စင်ခြင်း
Original: ἁγιασμός (cognate ἁγιάζω)
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 5:26: Christ ‘sanctifies’ the church ‘by the washing of water with the word’ — Christ-and-word-effected, never a mechanical rite comparable to pagoda ritual bathing.

Sealed With The Spirit

Approved rendering: တံဆိပ်ခတ်တော်မူသည်
Transliteration: tan-zeik khat-taw-mu-thi
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: in-saq/protective amulet-seal framing
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:13; 4:30. Must convey secure divine ownership and guarantee, never a magical protective mark comparable to protective tattoos/amulet-seals (in-saq) in Burmese folk-Buddhist practice. Mandatory fencing note every occurrence.

Sevenfold Unity

Approved rendering: ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာတစ်ခု၊ ဝိညာဉ်တော်တစ်ဆူ၊ မျှော်လင့်ချက်တစ်ခု၊ သခင်တစ်ဆူ၊ ယုံကြည်ခြင်းတစ်ခု၊ နှစ်ခြင်းတစ်ခု၊ ဘုရားနှင့်အဖတစ်ဆူ
Transliteration: ko-yi-khan-da ta-khu, weinnyin-taw ta-su, myaw-lint-chet ta-khu, thakhin ta-su, yun-kyi-chin ta-khu, hnit-chin ta-khu, phayar nhint a-pha ta-su
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: flowing prose paraphrase that dilutes the repeated ‘one’
Original: ἓν σῶμα, ἓν Πνεῦμα, μία ἐλπίς, εἷς Κύριος, μία πίστις, ἓν βάπτισμα, εἷς Θεός
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:4-6. Must retain emphatic numerical singularity (‘one… one… one…’) in Burmese syntax via an enumerated rendering, not a smoothed prose paraphrase.

Sin

Approved rendering: အပြစ်
Transliteration: a-pyit
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: အကုသိုလ်
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. Core-passage foundational term (2:1), paired with ‘trespasses’ (ပြစ်မှားမှု) to describe both settled condition and specific acts; never အကုသိုလ် (karmic demerit).

Submitting To One Another

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်ကို ရိုသေသောကြောင့် အချင်းချင်း နာခံခြင်း
Transliteration: Khayitto ko yo-thei-thaw-kyaung a-chin-chin na-khan-chin
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὑποτασσόμενοι ἀλλήλοις
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:21. The mutuality of this verse must not be lost when the specific wife-husband instruction follows in 5:22 — both grounded in reverence for Christ, not an arbitrary hierarchy of worth.

Unity Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: ဝိညာဉ်တော်၏ စည်းလုံးညီညွတ်မှု
Transliteration: weinnyin-taw i si-lon nyi-nyut-hmu
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἑνότης τοῦ Πνεύματος / σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰρήνης
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:3. A unity already given by the Spirit to be preserved, never achieved through human negotiation or compromise.

Whole Armor Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ စစ်တန်ဆာအစုံ
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i sit-tan-zar a-son
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: in-saq/ban protective tattoo, amulet, or charm framing
Original: πανοπλία τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

Ephesians 6:11,13. Protective equipment for an already-decided conflict (Christ has already triumphed, 1:20-22), never magical self-protection comparable to protective tattoos, amulets, or charms.

Wife Submission Husband Headship

Approved rendering: နာခံခြင်း / ဦးခေါင်း (အိမ်ထောင်ရေးဆိုင်ရာ)
Transliteration: na-khan-chin / u-gaung (ein-htaung-ye-hsaing-ya)
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: unilateral-authority framing detached from Christ’s self-sacrifice
Original: αἱ γυναῖκες … ὑποτασσόμεναι / ὁ ἀνήρ ἐστιν κεφαλὴ τῆς γυναικός
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:22-24. Requires careful teaching alongside 5:25 (husbands must love/give themselves up sacrificially) so headship is never detached from Christ’s self-sacrificial pattern; sensitive given existing patriarchal norms in Myanmar culture.

Wiles Of The Devil

Approved rendering: မာရ်နတ်၏ပရိယာယ်များ
Transliteration: mayar-nat i pa-ri-yar myar
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: conflation with the distinct Buddhist tempter-figure Mara
Original: τὰς μεθοδείας τοῦ διαβόλου
Category: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

Ephesians 6:11. မာရ်နတ် is the established Myanmar Christian term for the devil/Satan (retained per unbroken translation tradition), but Mara is also a specific named figure in the Buddha’s own enlightenment narrative. MANDATORY disambiguating note distinguishing the biblical Satan of Eph 2:2/6:11 from the Buddhist Mara figure.

Workmanship

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏လက်ရာ
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i let-yar
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ποίημα
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:10. Must be clearly God’s own handiwork produced in the believer, not the believer’s self-fashioned moral achievement.

Medium Risk Terms

Adoption

Approved rendering: သားအဖြစ်လက်ခံခြင်း
Transliteration: thar-a-phyit let-khan-chin
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ဝမ်းစုတင်ခြင်း
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:5: predestined ‘for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ’ — ties adoption directly to the letter’s predestination vocabulary; full, permanent sonship, never provisional.

Apostle

Approved rendering: တမန်တော်
Transliteration: tamantaw
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ဆရာတော်, ဆရာကြီး
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Never ဆရာတော်/ဆရာကြီး (senior-monk connotations). Ephesians 1:1 (Paul’s self-identity), 2:20 (foundation of apostles and prophets), 3:5 (mystery-revelation recipients), 4:11 (gift-office).

Children Of Light

Approved rendering: အလင်း၏သားများ
Transliteration: a-lin i thar myar
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: impersonal cosmic light-principle framing
Original: τέκνα φωτός / ὁ καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 5:8-9. Tied to moral transformation in Christ, not an impersonal cosmic light-principle.

Church

Approved rendering: အသင်းတော်
Transliteration: athin-taw
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ဘုရားကျောင်း, ဘုရားရိပ်သာ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Never ဘုရားကျောင်း/ဘုရားရိပ်သာ. Risk escalates to High where Ephesians layers three intensified senses onto this one fixed term: Christ’s body filled with his fullness (1:22-23), God’s dwelling place (2:21-22), and Christ’s bride (5:23-32).

Cornerstone And Foundation

Approved rendering: ထောင့်ချုပ်ကျောက်
Transliteration: htaung-choat kyauk
Doctrine: Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀκρογωνιαῖος / θεμέλιος
Category: Church

Ephesians 2:20. Standard architectural-theological metaphor; keep consistent with the body/building imagery of chs.3-4.

Course Of This World

Approved rendering: ဤလောက၏ခေတ်ကာလ
Transliteration: thi lawka i khit-kala
Doctrine: Spiritual Deadness and Total Depravity
Original: αἰὼν τοῦ κόσμου τούτου
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:2. ‘လောက’ (loka) is the Buddhist cosmological term for the conditioned world of samsara; here it must be understood as the present fallen moral-social order under evil influence, not the Buddhist cosmological loka-system of realms.

Dead In Trespasses

Approved rendering: သေလျက်ရှိသော
Transliteration: thei-lyet-shi-thaw
Doctrine: Spiritual Deadness and Total Depravity
Rejected alternatives: အားနည်းသော (weak), အိပ်ပျော်သော (asleep)
Original: νεκρός (τοῖς παραπτώμασιν)
Category: Salvation

Core passage, Ephesians 2:1,5. Burmese death-vocabulary carries strong Buddhist funerary/impermanence (အနိစ္စ) associations that treat death/rebirth as an expected cyclical process; must be taught as relational deadness toward a personal God, not a stage in an ongoing cycle, and never softened to weakness or sleep.

Equipping The Saints

Approved rendering: အသင့်ပြင်ဆင်ပေးခြင်း
Transliteration: a-thin pyin-sin pay-chin
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: καταρτισμός
Category: Gifts for Building Up the Church

Ephesians 4:12. The gift-offices exist to equip the whole body for ministry, not to perform all ministry themselves.

Evangelist Pastor Teacher

Approved rendering: သတင်းကောင်းဟောပြောသူ / သိုးထိန်းနှင့်ဆရာ
Transliteration: thadin-kaung haw-pyaw-thu / tho-htein nhint hsayar
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Rejected alternatives: ဆရာတော် (monastic teacher-role)
Original: εὐαγγελιστής / ποιμήν καὶ διδάσκαλος
Category: Gifts for Building Up the Church

Ephesians 4:11. သိုးထိန်း (shepherd/pastor) must never be confused with the monastic teacher-role ဆရာတော်, per the baseline’s existing caution on ‘apostle.‘

Faith

Approved rendering: ယုံကြည်ခြင်း
Transliteration: yun-kyi-chin
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: သဒ္ဓါတရား
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith (Christ) must remain explicit. In Ephesians, faith is the instrument (not co-cause) of receiving grace (2:8), part of the sevenfold unity list (‘one faith,’ 4:5,13), and personified as the ‘shield of faith’ (6:16) — never downgrade the Critical-tier salvation logic embedded in this armor metaphor.

Fathers Discipline And Instruction Of The Lord

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်၏ စည်းကမ်းသွန်သင်မှုဖြင့် ပြုစုပျိုးထောင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: Khayitto-taw i si-kan-thun-thin-hmu hpyin pyu-su-pyo-htaung-chin
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: παιδεία καὶ νουθεσία Κυρίου
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 6:4. Important corrective balance to the husband/father headship teaching of 5:22-33; grounds child-rearing in the Lord’s own instruction, not arbitrary patriarchal authority.

Fellow Citizens And Household Of God

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသူများနှင့်အတူ နိုင်ငံသားချင်းများနှင့် ဘုရားသခင်၏အိမ်ထောင်စုသား
Transliteration: thangyin-thu-myar nhint a-tu nainggan-thar-chin myar nhint Phayarthakhin i eindaung-su-thar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συμπολῖται … οἰκεῖοι τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:19. Full civic and familial belonging, never resident-alien or guest status.

Forgiveness Of Trespasses

Approved rendering: ပြစ်မှားမှုများ လွှတ်ငြိမ်းခွင့်
Transliteration: pyit-hmah-hmu myar hlwat-nyein-khwin
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἄφεσις τῶν παραπτωμάτων
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 1:7. Keep distinct from a moral debt gradually paid down through merit; an immediate, complete cancellation grounded in Christ’s blood.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: တစ်ပါးအမျိုးသား
Transliteration: tabar-amyothar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: လူမျိုးခြား
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Central to Ephesians 2:11-3:6. Flag the entire 2:11-3:6 unit for native-speaker cultural-sensitivity review in addition to standard theologian review, given contemporary Bamar-Buddhist-majority/ethnic-minority-Christian social tension.

Guarantee Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: အာမခံချက်
Transliteration: a-ma-khan-chet
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Holy Spirit
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:14. Should convey certainty of a future, already-guaranteed completion, not a probationary or revocable pledge.

Imitators Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်ကို အတုယူသူများ
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin ko a-tu-yu thu myar
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: self-effort attainment of divine-like/deva status
Original: μιμηταὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:1. Spirit-enabled Christlike character, never self-effort attainment of divine-like status through practice.

Inheritance

Approved rendering: အမွေ
Transliteration: a-mway
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:11,14,18; 5:5. Burmese inheritance customs are culturally well understood; emphasize this inheritance is secured by grace and guaranteed by the Spirit, not distributed by merit-based family standing. Pair with ‘guarantee_of_the_spirit’ in teaching material.

Intercession

Approved rendering: အသနားခံခြင်း
Transliteration: a-thanar-khan-chin
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: နတ်ကိုးကွယ်ခြင်း
Original: προσευχή / δέησις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 6:18: ‘praying always in the Spirit… making supplication for all the saints.’ Direct address to God, never petition through the 37 nats or other intermediary spirits.

Kindness Of God

Approved rendering: သနားညှာတာမှု
Transliteration: tha-nar-hnyar-tar-hmu
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χρηστότης
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:7. Keep distinct from ကရုဏာ (mercy) to avoid collapsing two distinct Greek terms into one Burmese word; grace is warm personal kindness, not cold legal transaction.

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏နိုင်ငံတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i nainggan-taw
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ဘုန်းတော်နိုင်ငံ
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 5:5 warns no immoral or covetous person ‘has an inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God’ — tie this to the letter’s broader inheritance (အမွေ) vocabulary from ch.1.

Manifold Wisdom Of God

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ ကွဲပြားစွာသော ဉာဏ်ပညာတော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i kwe-pyar-swa-thaw nyan-pyinnya-taw
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: paññā meditative insight-wisdom framing
Original: ἡ πολυποίκιλος σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: The Mystery of Christ Revealed

Ephesians 3:10. God’s own attribute displayed in redemptive history, not a Buddhist path-wisdom (paññā) attained through meditative insight.

Measure Of Gift Of Christ

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်၏ဆုကျေးဇူးအတိုင်းအတာ
Transliteration: Khayitto-taw i hsu-kyayzu a-taing-a-tar
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Rejected alternatives: differing merit-level framing

Ephesians 4:7. Sovereignly apportioned by Christ; must not be read as differing merit-levels among believers.

One Flesh

Approved rendering: တစ်သား တစ်ကိုယ်တည်း
Transliteration: ta-thar ta-ko-tae
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: μία σάρξ
Category: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

Ephesians 5:31, quoting Genesis 2:24. Standard marriage-union language; ensure cross-reference consistency with any Genesis translation materials.

Peace

Approved rendering: ငြိမ်သက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: nyein-thet-chin
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ကိလေသာငြိမ်းခြင်း

Inherited from Romans package. Risk intensifies where Christ himself is called ‘our peace’ (Eph 2:14) and in the sevenfold unity list and ‘gospel of peace’ (6:15) — relational/covenantal peace, never the meditative stilling of mental defilements.

Renewed In The Mind

Approved rendering: စိတ်နှလုံး၏ဝိညာဉ်ကို အသစ်ပြုပြင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: seik-hna-lon i weinnyin ko a-thit pyu-pyin-chin
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: self-directed meditative mind-training framing
Original: ἀνανεόω
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

Ephesians 4:23. Spirit-enabled renewal in the context of union with Christ, not self-directed meditative mind-training.

Saints

Approved rendering: သန့်ရှင်းသူများ
Transliteration: thangyin thu myar
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ရဟန္တာ, ရှင်ရဟန်း
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Never ရဟန္တာ. Frequent throughout Ephesians (1:1,15,18; 2:19; 3:8,18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18) — every believer, never an ascetic elite.

Sons Of Disobedience

Approved rendering: နာခံမှုမရှိသောသားများ
Transliteration: na-khan-hmu ma-shi-thaw thar myar
Doctrine: Spiritual Deadness and Total Depravity
Rejected alternatives: literal genealogical ‘sons of’ rendering
Original: υἱοὶ τῆς ἀπειθείας
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:2; 5:6. The Hebraic ‘sons of X’ idiom does not exist natively in Burmese; render as a descriptive clause, not a literal ‘sons,’ or readers may mistake it for a genealogical claim.

Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: ဝိညာဉ်ဆုကျေးဇူး
Transliteration: weinnyin su kyayzu
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Rejected alternatives: တန်ခိုးဗလ

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 4:7-13 ties this explicitly to ‘the measure of the gift of Christ’ and the fivefold gift-offices — sovereignly apportioned, never a differing merit-level among believers.

Stewardship Of Grace

Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတော်ကို လုပ်ကိုင်စီမံရသော တာဝန်
Transliteration: kyayzu-taw ko loat-kaing si-man ya-thaw tar-won
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: οἰκονομία τῆς χάριτος
Category: The Mystery of Christ Revealed

Ephesians 3:2. Paul’s God-given administrative commission to dispense the revealed mystery of grace; keeps ကျေးဇူးတော် fixed as the grace root.

Trespasses

Approved rendering: ပြစ်မှားမှုများ
Transliteration: pyit-hmah-hmu myar
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Sin

Ephesians 1:7; 2:1,5. Paired with အပြစ် (sins) for comprehensive coverage of sin as both settled condition and specific act; offense against a personal God, not generic wrongdoing.

Uncircumcision And Circumcision

Approved rendering: အရေဖျားလှီးမင်္ဂလာမခံသူ / အရေဖျားလှီးမင်္ဂလာခံသူ
Transliteration: a-yay-hpyar-hlee-mingala ma-khan-thu / khan-thu
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: general hygienic-practice framing
Original: ἀκροβυστία / περιτομή
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:11. Requires OT covenant-sign background teaching; this was the covenant identity marker being relativized, not a general hygienic practice.

Walk Conduct

Approved rendering: ကျင့်နေခြင်း
Transliteration: kyin-nay-chin
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Walking in Newness of Life

The Ephesians theme-verb περιπατέω recurring at 2:2,10; 4:1,17; 5:2,8,15, forming a deliberate literary frame across the letter. Keep a single fixed rendering across every occurrence; avoid a term suggesting ritual religious observance.

Word Of God Rhema

Approved rendering: ဘုရားသခင်၏ နှုတ်ကပတ်တော်
Transliteration: Phayarthakhin i hnok-ka-pat-taw
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ῥῆμα Θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

Ephesians 6:17. Established Myanmar Christian term for God’s Word; distinguish from generic ‘teaching’ vocabulary elsewhere.

Low Risk Terms

Ambassador In Chains

Approved rendering: သံကြိုးများနှင့်ချည်နှောင်ခံရသော သံအမတ်
Transliteration: than-kyo myar nhint chi-hnaung-khan-ya-thaw than-a-mat
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church (apostolic authority)

Ephesians 6:20. Biographical/rhetorical rather than doctrinally load-bearing; reinforces the authenticity of apostolic authority already flagged under ‘apostle.‘

Building Up The Body

Approved rendering: ခရစ်တော်၏ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာကို တည်ဆောက်ခြင်း
Transliteration: Khayitto-taw i ko-yi-khan-da ko ti-hsauk-chin
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church

Ephesians 4:12,16. Corporate growth goal of gift-based ministry; keep consistent with the fixed ‘body’ term (ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ).

Prophet

Approved rendering: ပရောဖက်
Transliteration: parawpeq
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture / Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: ဗေဒင်ဆရာ
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:20 (apostolic-prophetic foundation), 3:5 (mystery revealed to apostles and prophets), 4:11 (gift-office). Never ဗေဒင်ဆရာ.

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: ကျေးဇူးတင်ခြင်း
Transliteration: kyayzu-tin-chin
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:16 (Paul’s thanksgiving report) and 5:20 (giving thanks in Christ’s name). Standard vocabulary; minor risk of collapsing into ritual merit-dedication language.

Library content is free and openly licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — share and adapt it for non-commercial use, with attribution to tri-bible.ai.