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Cross-Reference Analysis

2 Peter — Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis (Hmong Language Package)

0. Governing Conventions

This document extends, and never contradicts, assets/translation_memory.json, assets/bible_term_registry.json, assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json, 12_ai_translation_requirements.md, and the 2 Peter-specific analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md / analysis/08_core_glossary.md. All Hmong renderings cited below reuse the fixed TM strings verbatim; no alternate glosses are introduced here. Citations are normalized to standard English book-name + chapter:verse form (e.g. Genesis 6:1-4, Romans 8:21, 2 Peter 3:9) for cross-reference purposes, consistent with the instruction that citations be normalizable; this is independent of, and does not override, the destination-language citation convention (Loos [chapter]:[verse]) established for Romans in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md §7. A parallel Hmong citation convention for 2 Peter (proposed book-name 2 Petus, e.g. 2 Petus 1:16-21) is logged here as a candidate extension pending formal confirmation in a future Phase 2 requirements document — it does not contradict the Romans “Loos” convention, it simply supplies the analogous convention for this book.

Full-book coverage: every chapter (1, 2, 3) of 2 Peter is represented below. No chapter is logged as contributing zero cross-references.


1. OT Quotations and Direct Citations

#2 Peter PassageThemeRelated Character(s)OT/NT ConnectionTranslation Sensitivity
12 Peter 2:22False Teachers and Their Judgment(proverbial)Proverbs 26:11 (direct quotation: “a dog returns to its own vomit”)Render as a plain proverbial image (dev uas rov qab noj nws cov ntuav); no traditional-religion collision, but see §5 note on the paired sow/mire image and pigs as the standard Hmong sacrificial animal (fij dab) — clarify no sacrificial connotation is intended.
22 Peter 3:8Patience of God’s TimingPsalm 90:4 (direct echo: “with the Lord one day is as a thousand years”)Comprehension gap only (no native Hmong “divine timescale” concept); render literally (ib hnub rau tus Tswv zoo li ib txhiab xyoo) with an explanatory note, not a collision.
32 Peter 1:19The Certainty of Christ’s Return; Messianic ReferenceChrist (typified)Numbers 24:17 (“a star shall come out of Jacob”) — messianic star oracle of Balaam; echoed forward in Revelation 22:16The messianic referent of “morning star” (hnub qub kaj ntug) is not self-evident from the image alone in Hmong; mandatory footnote linking to Numbers 24:17 and Revelation 22:16 required at first occurrence so the term is not read as a generic astronomical/astrological reference (Hmong folk astrology exists — must clarify this is Christ, not a horoscope-star).

2. OT Allusions and Typological Echoes

#2 Peter PassageThemeRelated Character(s)OT/NT ConnectionTranslation Sensitivity
42 Peter 2:4False Teachers and Their Judgmentfallen angels (“angels who sinned”)Genesis 6:1-4 (the “sons of God”/Nephilim narrative); paralleled in Jude 1:6The imprisonment imagery (rendered descriptively as raug muab kaw rau qhov tsaus ntuj tsaus nti, per 08_core_glossary.md #41) must not be tied to any named mythic underworld realm. Additional sensitivity: this passage’s background draws on Second Temple Jewish tradition (1 Enoch) which is not itself canonical Scripture; teaching notes must clarify that 2 Peter affirms the fact of angelic judgment as true, without endorsing 1 Enoch as Scripture — avoid any Hmong framing that would suggest the biblical text is drawing on the same authority-level as folk dab neeg spirit-legend material (cf. 07_semantic_analysis.md mythos entry).
52 Peter 2:5False Teachers and Their Judgment; Patience of God’s TimingNoahGenesis 6:1-8:22 (the Flood)Rendered dej nyab loj thoob ntiajteb (per 08_core_glossary.md #42). Hmong oral tradition contains its own flood-narratives, offering a positive comprehension bridge — but translators must not import syncretistic details from Hmong flood-legends into the biblical text; use as illustrative analogy only, clearly separated from the scriptural narrative itself. Do not conflate with 1 Peter 3:20-21’s baptism-typology use of the Flood — 2 Peter does not make that typological move; the flood here functions solely as a historical exhibit of judgment-plus-rescue.
62 Peter 2:6False Teachers and Their JudgmentSodom, GomorrahGenesis 19:1-29; cf. Jude 1:7Rendered via ad hoc transliterations Xaudoos thiab Kaumaulaj (log for TM-revision). Judgment-by-fire imagery here typologically anticipates the final judgment-by-fire in 2 Peter 3:7,10,12 — this internal typological link should be preserved in teaching notes (Sodom’s destruction as a preview/type of the Day of the Lord).
72 Peter 2:7-8False Teachers and Their JudgmentLotGenesis 19:1-29Establishes the pattern “God knows how to rescue the righteous” — direct doctrinal support text for assurance amid coming judgment; must be taught paired with the Noah exhibit (#5) as the letter’s twin pattern of certain-judgment-plus-certain-rescue.
82 Peter 2:15-16False Teachers and Their JudgmentBalaam, Balaam’s donkeyNumbers 22:1-41; Numbers 31:16; paralleled in Jude 1:11; Revelation 2:14Ad hoc transliteration Npala-as (log for TM-revision). Balaam functions as the OT type of the mercenary false prophet who loves the “wages of unrighteousness” — the direct typological anchor for the false teachers of ch.2. The detail of a donkey “speaking with a human voice” (Numbers 22:28-30) should be rendered plainly and literally; no collision, but note it is a minor narrative detail, not the doctrinal point (the point is Balaam’s greed, not the miracle).
92 Peter 3:5-6The Day of the Lord and Final JudgmentNoah (implicit)Genesis 1:6-9 (creation by water); Genesis 7:11-24 (the Flood as an act of cosmic judgment by water)Peter’s argument (the world was once judged by water; it will be judged again by fire) depends on the reader recognizing Genesis 1 and Genesis 6-8 as a single continuous historical framework. Comprehension-level risk: ensure the “waters” of creation (Gen 1:6-9) and the Flood (Gen 7) are not collapsed into a single generic “water” reference losing the two-stage argument.
102 Peter 3:10, 3:12The Day of the Lord and Final JudgmentIsaiah 13:6,9; Joel 2:1,31; Amos 5:18-20; Zephaniah 1:14-18; Malachi 4:1 (the OT “Day of the LORD” prophetic tradition); paralleled in Matthew 24:43 and 1 Thessalonians 5:2 (thief imagery)Hnub ntawm tus Tswv (fixed eschatological title, per 08_core_glossary.md #52) must be taught as the terminus of a long OT prophetic trajectory of decisive divine intervention/judgment, not an isolated NT invention — this OT rootedness should be surfaced in teaching notes to reinforce the doctrine’s certainty.
112 Peter 3:13The Certainty of Christ’s Return; The Day of the Lord and Final JudgmentIsaiah 65:17; Isaiah 66:22 (“new heavens and a new earth”); consummated in Revelation 21:1Rendered lub ntuj tshiab thiab lub ntiajteb tshiab (per 08_core_glossary.md #54). Must be taught as the fulfillment of a specific, named OT promise (Isaiah), not a free-standing apocalyptic image — this strengthens the doctrine against any cyclical-cosmology assimilation risk already flagged in 07_semantic_analysis.md.
122 Peter 1:21The Reliability and Inspiration of ScriptureOT prophets (generic)2 Samuel 23:2; Jeremiah 1:9; Ezekiel 2:2 (prophets’ own testimony of receiving God’s word)The “carried along” (raug Vaj Ntsuj Plig coj mus) formula in 2 Peter 1:21 is Peter’s own theological summary of how OT prophecy generally functioned; teaching should draw the explicit line from this summary back to the OT prophets’ own first-person accounts of receiving the word of the LORD, reinforcing that this is a description of a real, historically attested phenomenon, not a novel NT claim.

3. NT Intra-Corpus Parallels

#2 Peter PassageThemeRelated Character(s)NT ConnectionTranslation Sensitivity
132 Peter 1:17-18The Certainty of Christ’s Return; Messianic SonshipJesus Christ (Transfiguration)Matthew 17:1-5; Mark 9:2-7; Luke 9:28-35 (Synoptic Transfiguration accounts); the divine voice echoes Psalm 2:7 and Isaiah 42:1The Hmong rendering of the divine declaration (“This is my beloved Son…”) must match, wherever the Transfiguration is also taught elsewhere in this curriculum’s companion Gospel materials, so that “tus uas kuv hlub” / “uas kuv lub siab nyiam kawg nkaus” (per 08_core_glossary.md #8-9) is recognizable across both texts as citing the same historical event.
142 Peter 2:1-22 (whole chapter)False Teachers and Their Judgmentfalse teachers; fallen angels; Noah; Sodom/Gomorrah; BalaamExtremely close verbal/structural parallel to Jude 1:4-19 (nearly the entire chapter shares content, order, and imagery with Jude)Cross-curriculum flag for any future Hmong Jude Language Package: every proposed Hmong rendering in 08_core_glossary.md §B for ch.2 terms (pseudodidaskaloi, tartaroō/zophos, the Noah/Sodom/Balaam exhibits, the dog/sow proverb) should be treated as the presumptive baseline rendering for the parallel Jude material as well, to preserve intertextual consistency across the two letters. This is a recommendation for TM-revision harmonization, not a binding rule, since Jude has not yet received its own Phase 1 analysis.
152 Peter 3:1The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture (canon-formation)Peter1 Peter 1:1 (explicit self-reference: “This is now the second letter that I am writing to you”)The proper-name transliteration Ximoos Petus (per 08_core_glossary.md #58) must remain identical if/when a future Hmong 1 Peter Language Package is produced, since 2 Peter 3:1 explicitly identifies both letters as coming from the same author to the same audience — an authorial-identity continuity that must be visible in the Hmong text.
162 Peter 3:15-16The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture (canon-formation)Paul (Povlauj)Explicit reference to “all his [Paul’s] letters” as containing matter “hard to understand,” and implicitly classing them as γραφαί (“Scriptures,” v.16) alongside the OT — direct data point for the doctrine of the NT canonThis is the single most important cross-curriculum link to the existing Romans Language Package: 2 Peter 3:15-16 is Scripture’s own testimony that Paul’s letter to the Romans (among others) is inspired Scripture of the same rank as the OT prophets discussed in 2 Peter 1:19-21. See §6 below for the full rendering-consistency treatment this requires.

4. Messianic References

#2 Peter PassageMessianic ContentOT AnchorConsummation TextHmong Rendering Note
172 Peter 1:1”our God and Savior Jesus Christ” — single-subject construction affirming Christ’s full deity(background: Isaiah’s exclusive divine title “Savior,” e.g. Isaiah 43:11, 45:21)Titus 2:13 (identical Greek construction); cf. baseline Romans 9:5 deity-of-Christ textReuse 08_core_glossary.md #20 tus Cawmseej, always anchored to Yexus Khetos; the single-subject grammar must not be broken by an inserted Hmong conjunction implying two separate referents (God, and separately, a Savior) — flagged High-priority in 07_semantic_analysis.md.
182 Peter 1:17-18The Transfiguration as a preview/guarantee of the ParousiaPsalm 2:7 (“You are my Son”); Isaiah 42:1 (“my chosen, in whom my soul delights”)Full, final glory at Christ’s return (2 Peter 1:16, 3:13)See row 13 above.
192 Peter 1:19”the morning star” as a messianic titleNumbers 24:17Revelation 22:16 (“I am … the bright morning star”)See row 3 above; mandatory messianic footnote.
202 Peter 2:1Christ as “the Master who bought them” — redemptive ownership even over those who reject HimIsaiah 53 (background of the suffering, purchasing Servant)Romans 3:24 (kev txhiv, redemption); Revelation 5:9 (“ransomed… by your blood”)Reuse 08_core_glossary.md #39 tus Tswv uas Muaj Cai Kav thiab yuav lawv; must anchor the purchase-language to Christ’s atoning death (cf. baseline qhov theej txhoj kev txhaum, propitiation), never to a bare commercial transaction.

5. Typology Table

#Type (OT figure/event)Antitype / Fulfillment Pattern2 Peter PassageDoctrine AnchoredTranslation Sensitivity
21The Flood (universal judgment by water, righteous remnant preserved)The coming Day-of-the-Lord judgment by fire (universal judgment; righteous preserved through it, not from it)2 Peter 2:5; 3:5-7The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment; Patience of God’s TimingThe two-stage typological argument (water then, fire then) must be preserved as a deliberate structural parallel, not flattened into two unrelated illustrations. Must not be conflated with 1 Peter’s baptismal use of the Flood typology (see row 5).
22Sodom and Gomorrah (judgment by fire, righteous Lot rescued)Final judgment by fire; righteous preserved2 Peter 2:6-9; 3:7,10,12The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment; False Teachers and Their JudgmentReinforces the fire-judgment typology already anchored in the Flood (row 21); teach the two exhibits (Flood, Sodom) together as a matched pair, each culminating differently (water/fire) but proving the same principle.
23Balaam (mercenary false prophet)The false teachers of 2 Peter 2 (mercenary false teachers)2 Peter 2:15-16False Teachers and Their JudgmentSee row 8; must be taught as a type (a recognizable recurring pattern), not merely an isolated illustration — the point is that Balaam-style greed-driven false prophecy is a persistent, identifiable danger across redemptive history.
24Noah as “preacher of righteousness” amid a corrupt generationPeter and the apostles as guardians/proclaimers of true doctrine amid false teachers2 Peter 2:5False Teachers and Their Judgment; Growing in Christian VirtueReuses baseline Vajtswv txoj kev ncaj ncees (righteousness); Noah’s proclamation-under-pressure typologically anticipates the letter’s own exhortation to hold fast to sound teaching.
25Angels who sinned (certain judgment even for exalted heavenly beings)A fortiori certainty of judgment for human false teachers2 Peter 2:4False Teachers and Their JudgmentThe argument’s logical force (“if God judged even angels, how much more…”) must survive translation; ensure the Hmong syntax preserves the a fortiori (greater-to-lesser) structure rather than reading as two unrelated statements.

6. Cross-Curriculum Parallels to Romans (Hmong Language Package) — Rendering-Consistency Rules

This section identifies every point where 2 Peter’s Greek vocabulary, doctrine, or argument structure overlaps with terms and doctrines already fixed in the Romans baseline TM, and states the binding consistency rule for each.

#Shared Concept / Greek RootRomans Occurrence (TM-fixed)2 Peter OccurrenceRendering-Consistency Rule
26δικαιοσύνη / dikaiosynē (righteousness)Romans 1:17; 3:21-26; 4:1-8; 5:1 — Vajtswv txoj kev ncaj ncees / tus ncaj ncees (Critical)2 Peter 2:5 (Noah, “preacher of righteousness”); 2:7-8 (Lot, “righteous”); 2:21 (“the way of righteousness”); 3:13 (“righteousness dwells”)MUST reuse the identical baseline TM string Vajtswv txoj kev ncaj ncees / tus ncaj ncees in every 2 Peter occurrence. No new periphrasis may be introduced for this root anywhere in the 2 Peter curriculum.
27χάρις / charis (grace)Romans 3:24; 4:4-5; 11:6 — txiaj ntsim (Critical); koob hmoov permanently forbidden2 Peter 1:2 (salutation); 3:18 (“grow in grace”)MUST reuse txiaj ntsim; the forbidden-substitution prohibition on koob hmoov applies identically and without exception in 2 Peter.
28ἐκλογή / κλῆσις / eklogē / klēsis (election / calling)Romans 8:28-30; 9:11-13; 11:5-7 — kev xaiv (Vajtswv xaiv raws li nws lub siab nyiam) (Critical); hmoov-family vocabulary permanently forbidden2 Peter 1:10 (“calling and election”)MUST reuse the fixed volitional-clause formula for eklogē; the new 2 Peter-specific klēsis entry (kev raug hu, 08_core_glossary.md #33) must always appear paired with, never substituting for, the baseline election formula. The hmoov prohibition transfers identically.
29φθορά / phthora (corruption/decay)Romans 8:21 — “the creation… will be set free from its bondage to corruption (φθορά)” — NOT given a dedicated TM entry in the Romans baseline (only the general creation/ktisis entry tej uas raug tsim los exists)2 Peter 1:4; 2:12,19 — proposed kev lwj piam (High, 08_core_glossary.md #27)GAP IDENTIFIED: Romans 8:21 uses the identical Greek word (φθορά) that 2 Peter uses repeatedly, but the Romans TM never lexicalized it separately. Recommendation: flag for TM-revision review that kev lwj piam be retroactively adopted as the standard Hmong rendering for φθορά wherever it recurs in the Romans corpus (specifically 8:21), so that a Hmong reader encountering “bondage to corruption” in Romans and “escape the corruption of the world” in 2 Peter recognizes the same underlying concept. This is a cross-curriculum harmonization flag, not an authorization to alter the published Romans package unilaterally — requires human theologian sign-off per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md §9.
30μακροθυμία / makrothymia (patience/forbearance)Romans 2:4 — “the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience (μακροθυμία)… is meant to lead you to repentance (μετάνοια)”; Romans 9:22 — “vessels of wrath… which he has endured with much patience (μακροθυμία)” — NOT given a dedicated TM entry distinct from hypomonē/kev ua siab ntev in the Romans baseline2 Peter 3:9,15 — proposed Vajtswv txoj kev ua siab ntev tos (High, 08_core_glossary.md #50), explicitly paired with metanoia (kev thim siab dua tshiab)HIGH-VALUE EXACT PARALLEL: Romans 2:4 pairs the identical two Greek words (μακροθυμία + μετάνοια) in the identical logical relationship (God’s patience is purposeful, aimed at repentance) as 2 Peter 3:9. This is the strongest single cross-reference in the entire book. Recommendation: flag for TM-revision review that the new 2 Peter makrothymia entry be retroactively cross-applied to Romans 2:4 and 9:22, replacing the currently undifferentiated reuse of kev ua siab ntev (human endurance) at those two Romans verses, since Paul’s μακροθυμία in both passages is God’s patience, not human endurance, and deserves the same distinct rendering and the same anti-hmoov teaching safeguard established in 07_semantic_analysis.md. Requires human theologian sign-off before any retroactive Romans-package edit.
31δοῦλος / doulos (slave) applied to bondage-to-sin/corruptionRomans 6:16-22 (slaves of sin vs. slaves of righteousness) — qhev (Critical)2 Peter 2:19 (“slaves of corruption”)MUST reuse qhev; the phrase qhev rau kev lwj piam (08_core_glossary.md #45) correctly combines the baseline qhev root with the new phthora entry (#29) — this combination is APPROVED and consistent, no further action needed beyond the general phthora harmonization flag in row 29.
32ὀργὴ θεοῦ / orgē theou (wrath of God) and the “Day of Wrath”Romans 2:5 (“the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God”); Romans 1:18; 9:22 — kev npau taws ntawm Vajtswv (High)2 Peter 3:7,10 (“the Day of the Lord”; the ungodly “kept until the day of judgment… to be punished”)The Romans-baseline kev npau taws ntawm Vajtswv and the new 2 Peter Hnub ntawm tus Tswv (Critical, #52) are complementary, not identical, terms — kev npau taws ntawm Vajtswv names God’s disposition, Hnub ntawm tus Tswv names the event. Both must retain the same anti-shamanic-appeasement / anti-fatalism safeguards already established for each in their respective baselines; teaching should explicitly connect the two as cause (wrath) and consummation (the Day).
33ἐπιθυμία / epithymia (sinful desire) driving universal corruptionRomans 1:24 (“God gave them up… to the lusts (ἐπιθυμία) of their hearts”)2 Peter 1:4; 2:12,19; 3:3Consistency rule: the proposed 2 Peter rendering kev ntshaw (kev phem) (08_core_glossary.md #28) should be checked against however Romans 1:24’s ἐπιθυμία was rendered in the published Romans curriculum (not given a dedicated TM entry in the reviewed baseline extract); flag for confirmation that both curricula use compatible phrasing so that the Romans 1 / 2 Peter 1-3 argument (unchecked desire as the engine of moral corruption) reads as a single consistent biblical-theological thread.
34ἀρετή-style virtue chains (sorites)Romans 5:3-5 (“suffering produces endurance (ὑπομονή)… and hope”) — a shorter, structurally similar cumulative chain2 Peter 1:5-7 (the eight-member virtue chain: faith → virtue → knowledge → self-control → steadfastness → godliness → brotherly affection → love)Both passages use the same rhetorical device (sorites, each virtue generating the next) culminating in a relational/eschatological good (hope in Romans 5; love in 2 Peter 1). Teaching should note the structural family resemblance as a positive cross-curriculum reinforcement of the doctrine of progressive sanctification, using the shared baseline term kev ua siab ntev (hypomonē/endurance) as the explicit lexical bridge between the two chains.
35Adam/universal-corruption background for “the world of the ungodly”Romans 5:12-19 (Adam’s sin bringing universal condemnation) — Adas / kev ua txhaum (ntawm Adas) (High)2 Peter 2:5 (“the ancient world… a world of the ungodly,” at the Flood); 3:6 (“the world that then existed was destroyed”)No direct verbal citation, but both passages assume the same doctrinal background: sin’s corruption is universal and objectively guilt-incurring, not merely a repairable social/ritual fault (cf. baseline doctrine risk registry entry #2, Original Sin and Universal Guilt). Teaching notes for 2 Peter 2:5 and 3:6 may cross-reference Romans 5:12-19 to reinforce the shared doctrine of universal, inherited moral corruption, while being careful not to import Adam by name into 2 Peter’s text itself (2 Peter never names Adam).

7. Rendering-Consistency Rules for Shared OT Quotations

Where an OT text quoted or clearly echoed in 2 Peter might also be quoted in a future Hmong curriculum for another NT book (including any future Romans-adjacent or Petrine-corpus curriculum), the following normalization rules apply:

  1. Psalm 90:4 (2 Peter 3:8) — if ever quoted elsewhere, must use the identical phrase ib hnub rau tus Tswv zoo li ib txhiab xyoo established here, reusing baseline tus Tswv.
  2. Proverbs 26:11 (2 Peter 2:22) — the proverb’s Hmong rendering (dev uas rov qab noj nws cov ntuav) should be treated as the fixed idiom for this specific citation in any future curriculum quoting the same proverb (e.g., a Gospels curriculum, should Proverbs be cross-cited there).
  3. Numbers 24:17 (2 Peter 1:19) — the messianic-star oracle, if quoted directly in a future OT-curriculum or Numbers-specific Language Package, must use terminology compatible with the fixed 2 Peter phrase hnub qub kaj ntug so that the reader can recognize the same prophecy being fulfilled/echoed across curricula.
  4. Isaiah 65:17 / 66:22 (2 Peter 3:13) and Revelation 21:1 — any future Isaiah or Revelation Hmong Language Package MUST use lub ntuj tshiab thiab lub ntiajteb tshiab for “new heavens and a new earth,” matching the 2 Peter rendering exactly, since this is a single unified eschatological promise spanning three biblical books.
  5. Genesis 6-8 (the Flood) and Genesis 19 (Sodom and Gomorrah) — any future Genesis Language Package’s renderings of these narratives should be checked against, and if already published should take precedence over, the ad hoc 2 Peter renderings (dej nyab loj thoob ntiajteb; Xaudoos thiab Kaumaulaj) per the general TM-revision priority rule (earlier-published baseline governs).
  6. Paul’s letters as γραφαί (Scripture) (2 Peter 3:15-16) — establishes that the Romans package’s Vaj Lug Kub (Scripture) baseline term applies, without qualification or downgrade, to the Pauline corpus itself; no future curriculum may render Paul’s letters with a lesser or different “Scripture” term than the one already fixed for the OT prophetic writings in 2 Peter 1:19-21 and the Romans baseline.

8. Full-Book Coverage Confirmation

All three chapters of 2 Peter have been reviewed for OT quotations, OT allusions/typology, NT intra-corpus parallels, messianic references, and Romans-curriculum cross-references:

  • Chapter 1 contributes: the Transfiguration/Sonship messianic references (rows 13, 18), the morning-star messianic citation (rows 3, 19), the prophetic-inspiration OT-prophet connection (row 12), and the election/calling and righteousness/grace Romans-parallels (rows 26-28).
  • Chapter 2 contributes the majority of typological material: fallen angels, Noah, Sodom/Gomorrah, Lot, Balaam (rows 4-8, 21-25), the Jude parallel (row 14), the Proverbs 26:11 citation (row 1), and the corruption/slavery Romans-parallels (rows 29, 31, 35).
  • Chapter 3 contributes: the creation/Flood two-stage judgment typology (rows 9, 21), the Day-of-the-Lord OT prophetic trajectory (row 10), the new-heavens-new-earth fulfillment (rows 11, 22), the Psalm 90:4 citation (row 2), the Paul’s-letters-as-Scripture canon-formation data point (rows 15-16), and the single most valuable Romans parallel in the book — the μακροθυμία/μετάνοια pairing shared with Romans 2:4 and 9:22 (row 30).

No chapter is logged as contributing zero cross-references.

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