Core Glossary

Titus — Core Glossary (Hmong Language Package)

This glossary lists every load-bearing term surfaced in 07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by category, citing every chapter of Titus. Terms marked [BASELINE TM] reuse the Romans package rendering exactly and character-for-character; no alternate gloss is introduced for any Critical/High baseline term. Terms marked [NEW] are proposed renderings pending formal TM-revision review and are not yet permanent.

Risk tier legend: Critical / High / Medium / Low, per assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions (inherited, not redefined).

1. Divine Persons & Titles

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T1	God	θεός	theos	Vajtswv	Low	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]	Inherited exactly.
T2	Jesus Christ	Ἰησοῦς Χριστός	Iēsous Christos	Yexus Khetos	Low	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]	Inherited exactly.
T3	God the Father	πατήρ (implicit)	patēr	Leej Txiv	Low	(implicit)	[BASELINE TM]	Not explicit by name in Titus but implicit in “God our Savior” formula; retained for consistency.
T4	Holy Spirit	Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον	Pneuma Hagion	Vaj Ntsuj Plig	Critical	3	[BASELINE TM]	Mandatory “Vaj” prefix at 3:5.
T5	Savior (title, applied to both Father and Son)	σωτήρ	sōtēr	tus Cawmseej	Critical	1,2,3	[NEW]	Six occurrences (1:3,4; 2:10,13; 3:4,6); title-sharing between Father and Son is deliberate and must not be diminished or split into two separate titles/persons. Escalate to human theologian, same tier as Romans 9:5.
T6	Saving/salvation-bringing (adj.)	σωτήριος	sōtērios	uas coj txoj kev cawm dim los	High	2	[NEW]	Built on [BASELINE TM] `kev cawm dim`; must retain Christ-anchoring convention.
T7	Grace of God	χάρις τοῦ Θεοῦ	charis tou Theou	txiaj ntsim ntawm Vajtswv	Critical	2,3	[BASELINE TM]	Never koob hmoov.
T8	Appeared/has appeared (1st & 3rd of triad)	ἐπεφάνη	epephanē	tshwm los	Medium	2,3	[NEW]	Must match tense/aspect across 2:11 and 3:4.
T9	Appearing (2nd of triad, future/glorious)	ἐπιφάνεια	epiphaneia	qhov yuav tshwm los rau sawvdaws pom	Medium	2	[NEW]	Distinguish from T8 by future marking.
T10	Glory	δόξα	doxa	lub yeeb koob	Low	2	[BASELINE TM]
T11	Manifested/made known	φανερόω	phaneroō	qhia tawm los	Low	1	[NEW]	Distinct root from T8/T9; do not conflate.
T12	God who does not lie	ἀψευδὴς Θεός	apseudēs Theos	Vajtswv uas tsis dag ntxias	Low	1	[NEW]	Deliberate contrast with T39 (liars).

2. Grace, Faith, Salvation & Justification

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T13	Grace	χάρις	charis	txiaj ntsim	Critical	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]
T14	Peace	εἰρήνη	eirēnē	kev thaj yeeb	Low	1	[BASELINE TM]
T15	Faith/believe	πίστις/πιστεύω	pistis/pisteuō	kev ntseeg / ntseeg	Medium	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]
T16	Promise	ἐπαγγελία (ἐπηγγείλατο)	epangelia	lus cog tseg	Low	1	[BASELINE TM]
T17	Elect/chosen (of God)	ἐκλεκτοί	eklektoi	cov uas Vajtswv xaiv (Vajtswv xaiv raws li nws lub siab nyiam)	Critical	1	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM]	Never hmoov; retain volitional clause.
T18	Mercy	ἔλεος	eleos	txoj kev khuv leej	Medium	3	[BASELINE TM]	Kept distinct from T13/grace.
T19	Saved/salvation	σῴζω/σωτηρία	sōzō/sōtēria	cawm / kev cawm dim	High	3	[BASELINE TM]	Anchor to Yexus Khetos.
T20	Redemption	ἀπολύτρωσις (λυτρώσηται)	lytrōsētai	kev txhiv	Medium	2	[BASELINE TM]
T21	Works (excluded as ground of salvation)	ἔργα	erga	tej haujlwm ncaj ncees uas peb tau ua	Critical	3	[NEW]	3:5 — MUST be taught as excluded ground; same lexeme as T22, opposite doctrinal function.
T22	Good works (commanded fruit)	καλὰ/ἀγαθὰ ἔργα	kala/agatha erga	tej haujlwm zoo	Critical	1,2,3	[NEW]	1:16 (negative); 2:7,14; 3:1,8,14 (positive). Never resolve the T21/T22 tension by using two different Hmong words.
T23	Righteousness/righteous	δικαιοσύνη/δίκαιος	dikaiosynē/dikaios	Vajtswv txoj kev ncaj ncees / tus ncaj ncees	Critical	1,3	[BASELINE TM]
T24	Justify/reckon as righteous	δικαιόω	dikaioō	ua kom ncaj ncees / raug suav tias ncaj ncees	Critical	3	[BASELINE TM]	3:7.
T25	Ungodly / ungodliness	ἀσεβής/ἀσέβεια	asebēs/asebeia	tus tsis hwm Vajtswv / kev tsis hwm Vajtswv	Medium	2	[BASELINE TM + NEW extension]	Noun-abstraction extension of Romans #41.
T26	Godliness	εὐσέβεια	eusebeia	kev hwm Vajtswv	High	1,2	[NEW, headline term]	Hwm also used for ancestor/spirit veneration; object mandatory.
T27	Eternal life	ζωὴ αἰώνιος	zōē aiōnios	txoj sia nyob mus ib txhis	Low	1,3	[BASELINE TM]
T28	Heir	κληρονόμος	klēronomos	tus qub txeeg qub teg	Low	3	[BASELINE TM]
T29	Hope	ἐλπίς	elpis	kev cia siab	Low	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]
T30	Regeneration/new birth	παλιγγενεσία	palingenesia	kev raug yug dua tshiab	Critical	3	[NEW — highest-priority new collision]	Risk of conflation with Hmong soul-reincarnation belief; mandatory contrast-teaching; escalate to human theologian + native speaker before TM-revision finalizes.
T31	Washing	λουτρόν	loutron	kev ntxuav	High	3	[NEW]	Linked to but distinguished from [BASELINE TM] `baptism` (kev cai raus dej); inherits kevcai-root collision.
T32	Renewal by the Holy Spirit	ἀνακαίνωσις Πνεύματος Ἁγίου	anakainōsis Pneumatos Hagiou	kev hloov siab tshiab los ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig	Critical (for Vaj prefix) / Medium (for renewal concept)	3	[BASELINE TM extension]	Distinct from Romans 12:2 “renewal of the mind.”
T33	Poured out (Spirit)	ἐκχέω	ekcheō	nchuav / hliv rau	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]	Echoes Pentecost; teaching-enrichment note.
T34	Kindness	χρηστότης	chrēstotēs	txoj kev zoo siab tos txais	Low	3	[NEW]
T35	Love for mankind	φιλανθρωπία	philanthrōpia	kev hlub tibneeg	Low	3	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM love]
T36	People for [God’s] possession	λαὸς περιούσιος	laos periousios	ib haiv neeg uas Vajtswv xaiv ua nws tug tshwj xeeb	High	2	[NEW]	Inherits election/hmoov collision; also risks narrow ethnic reading of haiv neeg.

3. Apostolic & Church Office

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T37	Apostle	ἀπόστολος	apostolos	tus Tub Txib	Medium	1	[BASELINE TM]
T38	Servant/slave (of God/Christ)	δοῦλος	doulos	qhev	High	1,2,3	[BASELINE TM]	Reused at 1:1 (Paul), 2:9-10 (household slaves), 2:3/3:3 (metaphorical enslavement — same root, opposite valence; see T57).
T39	Elder (church office)	πρεσβύτερος	presbyteros	tus txwj laus hauv pawg ntseeg	High	1	[NEW]	Collides with Hmong clan-elder socio-ritual authority; qualifier mandatory.
T40	Overseer/bishop	ἐπίσκοπος	episkopos	tus saib xyuas pawg ntseeg	Medium-High	1	[NEW]	Used interchangeably with T39 in 1:5-7; ecclesiological equivalence must be taught explicitly.
T41	Older man (age, not office)	πρεσβύτης	presbytēs	tus txiv laus	Medium	2	[NEW]	Must stay lexically distinct from T39.
T42	Older woman	πρεσβύτις	presbytis	tus niam laus	Low-Medium	2	[NEW]
T43	Steward	οἰκονόμος	oikonomos	tus saib xyuas vaj tsev	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T44	Master (of a slave)	δεσπότης	despotēs	tus tswv qhev	High	2	[NEW]	Lexical collision with [BASELINE TM] tus Tswv (Lord); qualifying object qhev mandatory in RPA script (no case distinction).
T45	Teacher of good	καλοδιδάσκαλος	kalodidaskalos	tus qhia qhov zoo	Low	2	[NEW]
T46	Prophet (used loosely of pagan poet)	προφήτης	prophētēs	tus kws sau lus	Medium	1	[NEW]	Avoid the canonical-authority term tus yaj saub here; footnote required.

4. Sound Doctrine, Teaching & False Teaching

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T47	Sound doctrine (“healthy” teaching)	διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα	didaskalia hygiainousa	kev qhia tseeb uas raug cai	Critical	1,2	[NEW, headline term]	Core term of Doctrine “Sound Doctrine and Good Works.”
T48	Teaching (generic)	διδαχή/διδασκαλία	didachē/didaskalia	kev qhia	Low	1,2	[NEW]
T49	Faithful is the saying (formula)	Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος	pistos ho logos	Tej lus no muaj tseeb thiab tsim nyog ntseeg	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]	Recurs across Pastoral Epistles; render identically in future curricula.
T50	Preaching/proclamation	κήρυγμα	kērygma	tej lus tshaj tawm	Low	1	[NEW]
T51	Command	ἐπιταγή	epitagē	lus samhwm	Low-Medium	1,2	[NEW]	Recurs 1:3, 2:15; render identically.
T52	Empty talkers	ματαιολόγοι	mataiologoi	cov hais lus tsis muaj qab hau	Low	1	[NEW]
T53	Deceivers	φρεναπάται	phrenapatai	cov dag ntxias lub siab	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T54	Myths/fables	μῦθοι	mythoi	zaj lus dab neeg	Medium-High	1	[NEW]	Contains dab (spirit) root; risks broad-brush condemnation of Hmong folktale tradition if not scoped to false teachers’ speculative tales.
T55	Liars	ψεῦσται	pseustai	cov neeg dag ntxias	Low	1	[NEW]	Contrast with T12.
T56	Foolish controversies	μωραὶ ζητήσεις	mōrai zētēseis	tej lus sib cav ruam	High	3	[NEW]	Core term, Doctrine “Avoiding Divisive Controversies.”
T57	Genealogies	γενεαλογίαι	genealogiai	keeb kwm xeem	High	3	[NEW]	Direct collision with Hmong clan-genealogy identity/ritual practice; must be scoped to false teachers’ speculative use, not clan genealogy generally.
T58	Quarrels	ἔρεις	ereis	kev sib cav	Low	3	[NEW]
T59	Fights about the law	μάχαι νομικαί	machai nomikai	kev sib ceg txog Txoj Kevcai	Medium	3	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM]
T60	Divisive/factious person	αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος	hairetikos anthrōpos	tus ua kom sib cais ua pab ua pawg	Medium	3	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM `divisions_factions`]
T61	Law (Mosaic/divine, generic reference)	νόμος (implicit in νομικαί)	nomos	Txoj Kevcai (ntawm Vajtswv / Mauxes)	Critical	3	[BASELINE TM]	Qualifier mandatory per Romans baseline.
T62	Circumcision party	περιτομή	peritomē	kev txiav (raws li Txoj Kevcai Mauxes)	Medium	1	[BASELINE TM]

5. Household, Submission & Civic Ethics

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T63	Submit/be subject to	ὑποτάσσω	hypotassō	txo hwjchim nyob rau hauv	High	2,3	[NEW, recurring: 2:5, 2:9, 3:1]	Core term, Doctrine “Submission to Authority”; must render identically across all three relational applications.
T64	Rulers	ἀρχή	archē	cov nom tswv	Low	3	[NEW]
T65	Governing authority	ἐξουσία	exousia	cov muaj hwjchim kav teb chaws	High	3	[BASELINE TM]	Inherited hwjchim-collision awareness.
T66	Obey [rulers]	πειθαρχέω	peitharcheō	mloog cov nom tswv lus	Medium	3	[NEW]
T67	Insubordinate/rebellious	ἀνυπότακτος	anypotaktos	tsis mloog lus / tsis nyob hauv kev tswj	Medium	1	[NEW]
T68	Disobedient	ἀπειθής	apeitheis	tsis mloog lus	Medium	1,3	[NEW]	Deliberate before/after contrast with T63/T66 at 3:1-3.
T69	Husband of one wife	μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ	mias gynaikos anēr	yog tus txiv ntawm ib tug poj niam xwb	High	1	[NEW]	Collision with historical Hmong polygamy practice; requires explicit qualification teaching.
T70	Keepers at home	οἰκουργός	oikourgos	tu tsev tu vaj	Medium	2	[NEW]	Positive cultural bridge; risk of over-restriction beyond Paul’s intent.
T71	Word of God blasphemed	ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημεῖται	ho logos tou Theou blasphēmeitai	Vajtswv Txoj Lus raug thuam	Low-Medium	2	[NEW]
T72	Slander [people]	βλασφημέω	blasphēmeō	hais lus phem rau luag	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]	Distinguish from T71’s God-directed sense.
T73	Kingdom-adjacent civic virtues (peaceable, gentle, meek)	ἄμαχος, ἐπιεικής, πραΰτης	amachos, epieikēs, prautēs	tsis nyiam sib cav; siab mos siab muag; kev txo hwjchim thiab siab mos siab muag	Low	3	[NEW]

6. Anthropology, Moral Character & Vice/Virtue Lists

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status	Notes
T74	Self-controlled/sensible (headline recurring term)	σώφρων / σωφρόνως / σωφρονίζω	sōphrōn / sōphronōs / sōphronizō	kev tswj tus kheej	Medium	1,2	[NEW, headline recurring term]	Six occurrences (1:8; 2:2,4,5,6,12); render identically throughout.
T75	Self-controlled/disciplined (near-synonym)	ἐγκράτεια/ἐγκρατής	egkrateia/egkratēs	kev tswj lub siab	Medium	1	[NEW]	Kept distinct from T74.
T76	Holy/devout	ὅσιος	hosios	dawb huv	Medium	1	[NEW, reuse root]	Shares [BASELINE TM] `sanctification` collision awareness.
T77	Pure/chaste	ἁγνός	hagnos	dawb huv, tsis muaj chaw thuam	Medium	2	[NEW]
T78	Pure/defiled	καθαρός / μεμιαμμένος	katharos / memiammenos	dawb huv / qias tsis huv	Medium	1	[NEW]
T79	Mind	νοῦς	nous	lub tswv yim	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T80	Conscience	συνείδησις	syneidēsis	tej kev paub zoo paub phem hauv lub siab	Medium	1	[BASELINE TM]
T81	Above reproach	ἀνέγκλητος	anegklētos	tsis muaj chaw thuam	Medium	1	[NEW]
T82	Debauchery	ἀσωτία	asōtia	kev ua neeg lom zem dhau lawm	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T83	Self-willed/arrogant	αὐθάδης	authadēs	khav theeb, ua raws li nws lub siab xwb	Low	1	[NEW]
T84	Quick-tempered	ὀργίλος	orgilos	npau taws yoojyim	Low	1	[NEW]	Distinguish from [BASELINE TM] `wrath_of_god`.
T85	Given to wine / drunkard	πάροινος	paroinos	quav cawv	Low	1	[NEW]
T86	Violent	πλήκτης	plēktēs	nyiam ntaus neeg	Low	1	[NEW]
T87	Greedy for [dishonest] gain	αἰσχροκερδής	aischrokerdēs	nyiam tau nyiaj txiaj ntawm txoj kev tsis ncaj	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T88	Hospitable	φιλόξενος	philoxenos	hlub qhua	Low	1	[NEW]
T89	Lover of good	φιλάγαθος	philagathos	nyiam qhov zoo	Low	1	[NEW]
T90	Dignified/respectable	σεμνός	semnos	coj tus cwj pwm zoo, tau ntsej muag	Low	1,2	[NEW]
T91	Sober/temperate	νηφάλιος	nēphalios	ntsws meej, tsis quav cawv	Low	2	[NEW]
T92	Reverent in demeanor (“priestly-fitting”)	ἱεροπρεπής	hieroprepeis	coj lub neej dawb huv thiab hwm Vajtswv	Medium	2	[NEW]	Avoid txiv neeb (shaman) framing, per [BASELINE TM] `priestly_minister` strategy.
T93	Slanderer (adjectival)	διάβολος	diabolos	hais lus xyov ua phem rau luag	Low-Medium	2	[NEW]	Distinguish from proper-noun “the devil.”
T94	Example/pattern	τύπος	typos	tus qauv	Low	2	[NEW]
T95	Integrity	ἀφθορία	aphthoria	kev dawb huv tsis muaj chaw thuam	Low-Medium	2	[NEW]
T96	Beyond reproach (speech)	ἀκατάγνωστος	akatagnōstos	tsis muaj leejtwg thuam tau	Low	2	[NEW]
T97	Well-pleasing	εὐάρεστος	euarestos	haum luag lub siab	Low	2	[NEW]
T98	Pilfering	νοσφιζόμενος	nosphizomenos	ua tub sab me me	Low	2	[NEW]
T99	Adorn (teaching)	κοσμέω	kosmeō	ua kom zoo nkauj	Low-Medium	2	[NEW]
T100	Foolish	ἀνόητος	anoētos	cov ruam	Low	3	[BASELINE TM] (reuse from Romans merism)
T101	Led astray/deceived	πλανώμενος	planōmenos	raug ntxias kom yuam kev	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]
T102	Enslaved [to desires/wine]	δουλεύω / δουλόω	douleuō/douloō	ua qhev rau	Medium	2,3	[NEW, reuse doulos root]	Same root as T38 (honored bondservice to Christ) but opposite moral valence (degrading enslavement to sin/wine); teaching note required.
T103	Desires/lusts	ἐπιθυμία	epithymia	kev ntshaw	Low-Medium	2,3	[NEW]
T104	Pleasures	ἡδονή	hēdonē	kev lomzem ntawm kev txhaum	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]
T105	Malice and envy	κακία, φθόνος	kakia, phthonos	kev phem, kev khib	Low	3	[NEW]
T106	Hateful/detestable	στυγητός	stygētos	tsim txom rau luag saib	Low	3	[NEW]
T107	Lawlessness	ἀνομία	anomia	kev tsis coj raws li Txoj Kevcai	Medium	2	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM Law]
T108	Zealous [for good works]	ζηλωτής	zēlōtēs	kev siab tawv nquam ua	Low	2	[NEW]
T109	Disqualified/unqualified	ἀδόκιμος	adokimos	tsis tsim nyog	Low-Medium	1	[NEW]
T110	Perverted/self-condemned	ἐξέστραπται / αὐτοκατάκριτος	exestraptai / autokatakritos	siab phem tag lawm / raug nws tus kheej txiav txim rau nws tus kheej	Low-Medium	3	[NEW]
T111	Unfruitful	ἄκαρπος	akarpos	tsis muaj qab hau	Low	3	[NEW]
T112	Profitable/beneficial	ὠφέλιμος	ōphelimos	muaj qab hau rau / pab tau	Low	3	[NEW]

7. General / Cross-Cutting

#	English Term	Greek	Transliteration	Hmong Rendering	Risk	Chapters	Status
T113	Truth	ἀλήθεια	alētheia	qhov tseeb	Low	1	[BASELINE TM]
T114	World/worldly	κόσμος/κοσμικός	kosmos/kosmikos	lub ntiajteb	Low	2	[BASELINE TM]
T115	Testimony	μαρτυρία	martyria	lus timkhawv	Low	1	[NEW, built on BASELINE TM `witness`]
T116	Love	ἀγάπη	agapē	kev hlub	Low	2,3	[BASELINE TM]
T117	Endurance	ὑπομονή	hypomonē	kev ua siab ntev	Low	2	[BASELINE TM]
T118	Genuine/true child	γνήσιος τέκνον	gnēsios teknon	tus metub tiag tiag	Low	1	[NEW]

Glossary Governance Note

This glossary logs 118 load-bearing terms across all three chapters of Titus. Of these:

34 terms reuse an existing baseline Romans TM rendering exactly (marked [BASELINE TM]), with zero alternate glosses introduced for any Critical/High baseline entry, per the governing constraint.
84 terms are newly surfaced in Titus and are marked [NEW] — provisional renderings pending formal TM-revision review, per the baseline’s governing note (§10 of 12_ai_translation_requirements.md).
9 terms carry Critical risk, 16 terms carry High risk (or Medium-High), requiring mandatory human theologian review before any Phase 2 publication, consistent with the doctrine-risk routing rules this Language Package inherits.
The three highest-priority NEW collision risks surfaced in this book — regeneration/παλιγγενεσία (soul-reincarnation collision), genealogies/γενεαλογίαι (clan-genealogy collision), and the Savior title/σωτήρ (Christological deity-affirmation, same tier as Romans 9:5) — should be prioritized for the earliest human theologian review cycle.

No chapter of Titus has been silently skipped: chapter 1 (1:1-16), chapter 2 (2:1-15), and chapter 3 (3:1-15) are each fully represented above, either in this glossary directly or by cross-reference to 07_semantic_analysis.md’s verse-by-verse core-passage treatment (2:11-3:8).

Critical Risk Terms

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Vaj Ntsuj Plig
Transliteration: pneuma hagion / pneuma hagiōsynēs
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: bare ntsuj plig (no Vaj prefix) — rejected, denotes an animistic wandering human soul

Inherited from Romans package. The mandatory ‘Vaj’ prefix must never be dropped, especially at Titus 3:5 where it sits directly beside ‘regeneration’ (kev raug yug dua tshiab), whose reincarnation-collision risk makes correct marking of the divine Spirit here especially urgent — a slip would compound two collisions in one clause.

Grace

Approved rendering: txiaj ntsim
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: koob hmoov (fortune/blessing tied to fate and ritual correctness) — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN for this sense; would invert sola gratia (Titus 2:11, 3:5, 3:7, mirroring Romans 3:24, 4:4-5, 11:6)

Inherited from Romans package. Risk is sharpened in Titus 2:11-12 because grace is the grammatical subject of the training verb (paideuousa); if the causal direction (grace produces training, not vice versa) is lost, a koob-hmoov-style earned-favor logic can be smuggled in even while avoiding the forbidden noun itself.

Righteousness Of God Righteous

Approved rendering: Vajtswv txoj kev ncaj ncees / tus ncaj ncees
Transliteration: dikaiosynē theou / dikaios
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘kev ncaj ncees’ without the reckoning qualifier — rejected, reads as self-achieved moralism

Inherited from Romans package. Used as an elder qualification (Titus 1:8) and as the excluded ‘works of righteousness’ (3:5); must always be paired with justify_reckon_as_righteous wherever a forensic sense is intended.

Justify Reckon As Righteous

Approved rendering: ua kom ncaj ncees / raug suav tias ncaj ncees
Transliteration: dikaioō / logizomai
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: ‘ua zoo’ (do good) framing — rejected, reintroduces works-righteousness

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly at Titus 3:7; must retain the reckoning/imputation qualifier even amid surrounding transformation-heavy vocabulary (regeneration, renewal) in the same sentence-complex, so justification is not blurred into regeneration.

Law Mosaic Divine

Approved rendering: Txoj Kevcai (ntawm Vajtswv / Mauxes)
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘Txoj Kevcai’ without qualifier — rejected, collapses into kev cai dab qhuas (ancestral spirit-worship customs)

Inherited from Romans package. Qualifier mandatory at every occurrence without exception; used in ‘fights about the law’ (Titus 3:9) and the circumcision-party controversy (1:10).

Election Choose

Approved rendering: kev xaiv (Vajtswv xaiv raws li nws lub siab nyiam)
Transliteration: eklogē / eklegomai
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: hmoov (impersonal fate/fortune) vocabulary — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN

Inherited from Romans package. Underlies ‘elect_chosen’ (Titus 1:1) and ‘people_for_gods_possession’ (Titus 2:14) below; the volitional clause is mandatory in both extensions, never a bare noun.

Savior Title

Approved rendering: tus Cawmseej
Transliteration: sōtēr
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: transliterated loanword — rejected, would sidestep the mandatory Father/Son title-sharing consistency requirement and cut the term off from existing Hmong Christian usage of Cawmseej-family vocabulary, a grander phrase reserved for Christ and a plainer one for the Father (or vice versa) — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN, would silently erode the full-deity affirmation of Titus 2:13

NEW — Titus, CRITICAL, escalated to the same review tier as Romans 9:5. Six occurrences (1:3,4; 2:10,13; 3:4,6), applied identically to God the Father and to Jesus Christ. Must be rendered character-for-character identically at every occurrence with zero stylistic variation, structurally identical to the Vaj Ntsuj Plig enforcement discipline.

Elect Chosen

Approved rendering: cov uas Vajtswv xaiv (Vajtswv xaiv raws li nws lub siab nyiam)
Transliteration: eklektoi
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: hmoov vocabulary — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN, same collision as Romans election_choose

NEW — Titus, built directly on election_choose. Used at Titus 1:1 of those to whom Paul’s apostolic ministry is directed; volitional clause mandatory at every occurrence.

Works Excluded Ground

Approved rendering: tej haujlwm ncaj ncees uas peb tau ua
Transliteration: erga (en dikaiosynē)
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: a different Hmong word than good_works_commanded_fruit — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN, would erase Paul’s deliberate single-word wordplay across the two senses

NEW — Titus, CRITICAL. Titus 3:5’s explicit exclusion of righteous deeds as salvation’s ground. Uses the identical lexeme family as good_works_commanded_fruit (opposite doctrinal function) — the Titus-specific analogue of the Romans flesh/sarx dual-sense discipline. Mandatory teaching note at every occurrence of either sense.

Good Works Commanded Fruit

Approved rendering: tej haujlwm zoo
Transliteration: kala / agatha erga
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: a different Hmong word than works_excluded_ground — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN

NEW — Titus, CRITICAL, recurring six times (1:16 negative example; 2:7,14; 3:1,8,14 positive commands). Must remain lexically identical to works_excluded_ground despite opposite doctrinal function; every occurrence requires accompanying teaching material specifying fruit-of-grace (here) vs. excluded-ground (3:5 only).

Regeneration New Birth

Approved rendering: kev raug yug dua tshiab
Transliteration: palingenesia
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: transliterated loanword — rejected, would be doctrinally opaque and prevent the mandatory contrast-teaching against soul-reincarnation, which is precisely the collision requiring active management

NEW — Titus, HIGHEST-PRIORITY new collision in this Language Package. Titus 3:5. Hmong traditional cosmology holds that a portion of a deceased ancestor’s soul may be reborn/reincarnated in a descendant; ‘yug dua’ (born again) risks being heard through this framework rather than as a one-time, Spirit-wrought, non-cyclical new birth. Mandatory contrast-teaching required at every occurrence; escalate to human theologian AND native-speaker review before any TM-revision finalizes this rendering — same escalation class as the baseline’s most severe collisions (grace/koob hmoov, election/hmoov).

Renewal By Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: kev hloov siab tshiab los ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig
Transliteration: anakainōsis Pneumatos Hagiou
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: dropping the ‘Vaj’ prefix — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN

NEW — Titus, extends renewal_of_the_mind. Titus 3:5. Critical specifically for the mandatory Vaj Ntsuj Plig prefix (never droppable); Medium for the renewal-concept itself, a distinct pairing from Romans 12:2’s ‘renewal of the mind’.

Sound Doctrine

Approved rendering: kev qhia tseeb uas raug cai
Transliteration: didaskalia hygiainousa
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: diluting to generic ‘good/correct teaching’ — rejected, risks describing any customary instruction, including traditional ritual instruction

NEW — Titus, HEADLINE term for the doctrine ‘Sound Doctrine and Good Works’ (Titus 1:9,13; 2:1). Must always be contextually anchored to the gospel/apostolic content of chs. 1-2 and contrasted explicitly with foolish_controversies and myths_fables.

High Risk Terms

Servant Slave Doulos

Approved rendering: qhev
Transliteration: doulos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: koom tes (co-worker/partner) — rejected softening, erases total-surrender force

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Paul’s self-designation (1:1) and literal household slaves (2:9-10). In Titus this root ALSO appears with an opposite moral valence at 2:3/3:3 (degrading enslavement to wine/desire, see enslaved_to_desires_wine below) — same Hmong root, opposite valence, requiring explicit teaching-note discipline rather than a lexical fix.

Salvation Save

Approved rendering: kev cawm dim / cawm
Transliteration: sōtēria / sōzō
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: unanchored ‘dim’ (escape) parallel to shamanic ua neeb soul-rescue — rejected without explicit Christ-anchoring

Inherited from Romans package. Must always be anchored explicitly to Yexus Khetos as sole agent; Titus 3:5-6 satisfies this in the source text itself (‘through Jesus Christ our Savior’), but curriculum content isolating v.5 alone must re-supply the anchor explicitly.

Wrath Of God

Approved rendering: kev npau taws ntawm Vajtswv
Transliteration: orgē theou
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting
Rejected alternatives: unqualified ‘npau taws’ associated only with capricious spirit/ancestor anger — rejected without explicit contrast teaching

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly used in Titus’s core passage, but retained for register-contrast purposes: the elder-vice term ‘quick-tempered’ (orgilos, npau taws yoojyim, Titus 1:7) must be kept distinct in register from this divine judicial attribute — a human vice versus God’s righteous, judicial wrath.

Power

Approved rendering: hwjchim
Transliteration: dynamis
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting
Rejected alternatives: bare, unqualified hwjchim — FORBIDDEN, identical to a shaman’s (txiv neeb) ritual power

Inherited from Romans package. Root morpheme reused inside ‘governing_authority’ below and, uniquely in Titus, inside the submission verb itself (txo hwjchim nyob rau hauv) — see submit_be_subject_to for the compounded fencing this creates.

Governing Authority

Approved rendering: cov muaj hwjchim kav teb chaws
Transliteration: exousia
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Rejected alternatives: unmarked hwjchim framing rulers’ authority as shamanic spiritual power — rejected

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly at Titus 3:1; stakes doubly reinforced here because the text explicitly commands submission to this authority.

Saving Adjective

Approved rendering: uas coj txoj kev cawm dim los
Transliteration: sōtērios
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

NEW — Titus, built on salvation_save. Describes grace itself as ‘saving’ (Titus 2:11); must retain the mandatory Christ-anchoring convention even though the explicit ‘through Jesus Christ’ clause does not occur until 2:13-14.

Godliness

Approved rendering: kev hwm Vajtswv
Transliteration: eusebeia / eusebōs
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: bare, unanchored hwm — FORBIDDEN, identical verb used for hwm dab / hwm poj koob yawm txwv (honoring ancestors and household/nature spirits)

NEW — Titus, HEADLINE recurring term (Titus 1:1; 2:12). The object ‘Vajtswv’ must always be stated, structurally identical to the Romans baseline’s mandatory pehawm-object enforcement rule. Recurs across both the letter’s opening and its ethical climax, carrying higher cumulative exposure than any single Romans occurrence of the analogous collision.

Washing

Approved rendering: kev ntxuav
Transliteration: loutron
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: transliterated loanword for baptism-adjacent imagery — rejected, per the Romans baseline’s rejection of loanwords for baptism

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:5. Deliberately linked to but distinguished from the Romans baseline’s ‘baptism’ entry (kev cai raus dej); inherits the kevcai-root collision with folk ritual purification from spirit-contamination; must be taught as a once-for-all spiritual reality, never a repeatable cleansing rite. Compounds directly with regeneration_new_birth in the same verse.

People For Gods Possession

Approved rendering: ib haiv neeg uas Vajtswv xaiv ua nws tug tshwj xeeb
Transliteration: laos periousios
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: dropping the volitional election clause — rejected, same collision as election_choose

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:14, applies Exodus 19:5 covenant-election language to the church. Two converging risks: (1) inherits the election/hmoov-fatalism collision and must retain the volitional clause; (2) ‘haiv neeg’ risks a narrow clan/ethnic reading in Hmong social context, requiring its own teaching note distinct from the election collision.

Elder Church Office

Approved rendering: tus txwj laus hauv pawg ntseeg
Transliteration: presbyteros
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘tus txwj laus’ with no congregational qualifier — FORBIDDEN, would imply the office inherits clan-elder ritual authority over ancestor rites

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:5-9. ‘Txwj laus’ is the standing term for a clan/village elder with real socio-ritual authority (including ancestor-veneration rites and funeral customs); the qualifier ‘hauv pawg ntseeg’ (within the congregation) is mandatory at every occurrence.

Master Of Slave Despotes

Approved rendering: tus tswv qhev
Transliteration: despotēs
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘tus tswv’ for a human slave-owner — PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN in this sense, script-level collision with ‘tus Tswv’ (Lord, applied to God/Christ) in unaccented RPA

NEW — Titus, HIGH, script-level risk unique to this book (Romans never applies despotēs to a human referent). Titus 2:9. The qualifying phrase ‘tus tswv qhev’ is mandatory whenever the human-master sense is intended.

Myths Fables

Approved rendering: zaj lus dab neeg
Transliteration: mythoi
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: opaque transliterated loanword — rejected, would strip the term of any teachable connection to Hmong oral-tradition tale-forms, making the required scoping note harder to anchor

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:14. The natural Hmong word for ‘fable/legend’ contains the dab (spirit) root; risks a blanket condemnation of Hmong oral-tradition folktales unless explicitly scoped to the false teachers’ Jewish-speculative fables.

Foolish Controversies

Approved rendering: tej lus sib cav ruam
Transliteration: mōrai zētēseis
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus, core doctrinal term. Titus 3:9. Risk is doctrinal-boundary confusion: must not be misapplied to suppress legitimate theological question-asking (cf. 1:9), and must be clearly connected to the specific genealogical/legal speculation named alongside it.

Genealogies

Approved rendering: keeb kwm xeem
Transliteration: genealogiai
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: blanket unscoped condemnation of all genealogy-keeping — FORBIDDEN, is not Paul’s target

NEW — Titus, MAJOR collision. Titus 3:9. Hmong culture places central identity, ritual, and social importance on clan genealogy, recited at funerals and in ancestor-veneration contexts. Mandatory scoping language (limited to the false teachers’ speculative, doctrine-distorting lineage-mythology) required at every occurrence.

Submit Be Subject To

Approved rendering: txo hwjchim nyob rau hauv
Transliteration: hypotassō / hypotassesthai
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Rejected alternatives: variant renderings across the three occurrences — FORBIDDEN, would destroy Paul’s deliberate structural parallel across wife/husband, slave/master, citizen/ruler

NEW — Titus, CORE term of the doctrine ‘Submission to Authority,’ recurring at 2:5, 2:9, 3:1. Must be rendered identically at all three occurrences. The Hmong verb literally contains the flagged ‘hwjchim’ morpheme — a construction not present in the Romans baseline — compounding the shamanic-power collision awareness onto the submission concept itself. The dominant risk in Titus is over-reinforcement of Hmong clan culture’s already-strong hierarchical submission norms, not under-comprehension; mandatory teaching notes bounding the submission to its gospel purpose are required at every occurrence.

Husband Of One Wife

Approved rendering: yog tus txiv ntawm ib tug poj niam xwb
Transliteration: mias gynaikos anēr
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: silently normalizing polygamy for church leadership — FORBIDDEN, excluding polygamous converts from all church participation (not merely eldership) — FORBIDDEN, conflates an office-qualification with a salvation requirement

NEW — Titus, HIGH. Titus 1:6. Direct collision with historical and, in some diaspora communities, still-practiced Hmong polygamy; requires a dedicated pastoral-catechetical strategy, not a lexical fix.

Medium Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: tus Tub Txib
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly at Titus 1:1, Paul’s self-designation.

Faith Believe

Approved rendering: kev ntseeg / ntseeg
Transliteration: pistis / pisteuō
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

Inherited from Romans package. Titus additionally uses this word-family for the objective body of sound doctrine (‘the faith’, 1:1,4,13; 2:2; 3:15) — a comprehension nuance requiring a teaching note, not a lexical change.

Mercy

Approved rendering: txoj kev khuv leej
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: txiaj ntsim (grace) used interchangeably for mercy — rejected, mercy and grace are theologically distinct emphases and must not be flattened

Inherited from Romans package. Kept lexically distinct from txiaj ntsim/grace; both terms co-occur closely in Titus 3:5-7 (mercy in v.5, grace in v.7), so the distinction is especially load-bearing here.

Redemption

Approved rendering: kev txhiv
Transliteration: apolytrōsis / lytrōsētai
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used of Christ’s self-giving to redeem believers from lawlessness (Titus 2:14); must remain anchored to Christ as price-payer.

Circumcision

Approved rendering: kev txiav (raws li Txoj Kevcai Mauxes)
Transliteration: peritomē
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

Inherited from Romans package. Used of the ‘circumcision party’ (Titus 1:10), a Jewish-Christian legalist faction; comprehension-gap only, no collision.

Conscience

Approved rendering: tej kev paub zoo paub phem hauv lub siab
Transliteration: syneidēsis
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 1:15 of the corrupted conscience of the unbelieving; anchored in the siab (liver/heart) as culturally standard seat of moral awareness.

Appeared Past Epiphany

Approved rendering: tshwm los
Transliteration: epephanē
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. First and third members of the letter’s deliberate appearing-triad (grace appeared, 2:11; kindness appeared, 3:4). Must be rendered identically (past tense) at both occurrences and kept distinct from appearing_future_epiphany below.

Appearing Future Epiphany

Approved rendering: qhov yuav tshwm los rau sawvdaws pom
Transliteration: epiphaneia
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Second, future/glorious member of the appearing-triad (Titus 2:13, Christ’s future appearing/Second Coming). Must be distinguished by future-tense marking from appeared_past_epiphany.

Ungodly Ungodliness

Approved rendering: tus tsis hwm Vajtswv / kev tsis hwm Vajtswv
Transliteration: asebēs / asebeia
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: softened ‘irreligious’ — rejected, mutes the doctrinal shock inherited from Romans 4:5

NEW — Titus, extends the Romans baseline ‘ungodly’ entry into its abstract-noun form (Titus 2:12). Low collision risk since it reuses an already-vetted root.

Older Man Age

Approved rendering: tus txiv laus
Transliteration: presbytēs
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:2, an age-descriptor, NOT the office term. Must be kept lexically distinct from elder_church_office despite the shared root, to avoid implying every older man is automatically a church officer.

Prophet Pagan Poet

Approved rendering: tus kws sau lus
Transliteration: prophētēs
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: tus yaj saub (the canonical Hmong term for a biblical prophet) — REJECTED for this referent, would confer inappropriate scriptural authority on a pagan Cretan poet (Epimenides)

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:12, Paul’s ironic citation of ‘one of their own prophets’. Footnote required explaining Paul’s rhetorical strategy.

Quarrels Fights About Law

Approved rendering: kev sib cav thiab kev sib ceg txog Txoj Kevcai
Transliteration: ereis, machai nomikai
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus, built on law_mosaic_divine. Titus 3:9. Retains the baseline’s qualifier-awareness for Txoj Kevcai even in this negative, dispute-focused context.

Divisive Factious Person

Approved rendering: tus ua kom sib cais ua pab ua pawg
Transliteration: hairetikos anthrōpos
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus, built on divisions_factions. Titus 3:10, to be warned twice, then rejected.

Obey Rulers

Approved rendering: mloog cov nom tswv lus
Transliteration: peitharcheō
Doctrine: Submission to Authority

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:1, reinforces submit_be_subject_to with a near-synonym specific to ruler-obedience.

Insubordinate Disobedient

Approved rendering: tsis mloog lus / tsis nyob hauv kev tswj
Transliteration: anypotaktos, apeitheis
Doctrine: Submission to Authority

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:6,16; 3:3. Deliberately echoes and contrasts with the submission/obedience vocabulary of 3:1 in a before/after rhetorical structure.

Keepers At Home

Approved rendering: tu tsev tu vaj
Transliteration: oikourgos
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:5. Positive cultural bridge to Hmong domestic role expectations; risk of over-restricting women’s roles beyond Paul’s household-management intent, an application-level note rather than a collision.

Blasphemed Slander

Approved rendering: Vajtswv Txoj Lus raug thuam / hais lus phem rau luag
Transliteration: ho logos tou Theou blasphēmētai / blasphēmeō
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. God-directed sense at Titus 2:5; person-directed sense at 3:2. The two senses must be kept contextually distinguished.

Self Controlled Sophron

Approved rendering: kev tswj tus kheej
Transliteration: sōphrōn / sōphronōs / sōphronizō
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus, HEADLINE recurring term, the letter’s most repeated ethical term (six occurrences: 1:8; 2:2,4,5,6,12). No single Hmong word covers its range; must be used identically at every occurrence.

Self Controlled Egkrateia

Approved rendering: kev tswj lub siab
Transliteration: egkrateia / egkratēs
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:8, distinct near-synonym to self_controlled_sophron; kept lexically distinct since Paul uses both terms in the same qualification list.

Holy Pure Undefiled

Approved rendering: dawb huv
Transliteration: hosios, hagnos, katharos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus, shares the dawb huv root with the Romans baseline ‘sanctification’ entry. Used across FOUR distinct senses in Titus (elder holiness 1:8, women’s purity 2:5, defilement contrast 1:15, priestly-fitting demeanor 2:3); each sense requires its own qualifying phrase per analysis/06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md §2.2(a). Must be taught as moral integrity, never ritual cleanliness.

Defiled

Approved rendering: qias tsis huv
Transliteration: memiammenos
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:15, direct negative counterpart of holy_pure_undefiled; shares the same folk ritual-impurity collision awareness.

Mind And Conscience

Approved rendering: lub tswv yim, tej kev paub zoo paub phem hauv lub siab
Transliteration: nous, syneidēsis
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus (nous) / inherited (syneidēsis, see conscience above). Titus 1:15; both anchored in the siab as the culturally standard seat of moral awareness.

Above Reproach Disqualified

Approved rendering: tsis muaj chaw thuam / tsis tsim nyog
Transliteration: anegklētos, adokimos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:6-7 (elder qualification) and 1:16 (false teachers’ disqualified works).

Reverent Demeanor Priestly Fitting

Approved rendering: coj lub neej dawb huv thiab hwm Vajtswv
Transliteration: hieroprepeis
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: txiv neeb (shaman) framing — FORBIDDEN, per the Romans baseline’s priestly_minister muting strategy

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:3, older women’s demeanor. Deliberately cultic-sounding Greek adjective, deliberately muted in Hmong per the established leitourgos strategy.

Slanderer Adjectival

Approved rendering: hais lus xyov ua phem rau luag
Transliteration: diabolos (adjectival)
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:3, a human vice; must be contextually distinguished from the proper-noun ‘the devil/Satan’ sense used elsewhere in Scripture.

Enslaved To Desires Wine

Approved rendering: ua qhev rau
Transliteration: douleuō / douloō (dedoulōmenas)
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus, reuses the servant_slave_doulos root. Titus 2:3, 3:3. Same root as Paul’s honored self-designation but opposite moral valence (degrading enslavement to wine/desire); must be taught alongside servant_slave_doulos’s note, not resolved by a different word.

Desires And Pleasures

Approved rendering: kev ntshaw, kev lomzem ntawm kev txhaum
Transliteration: epithymia, hēdonē
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:12, 3:3. Must be kept distinguished from ordinary neutral desire/enjoyment vocabulary through consistent qualifying phrasing.

Lawlessness

Approved rendering: kev tsis coj raws li Txoj Kevcai
Transliteration: anomia
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

NEW — Titus, built on law_mosaic_divine. Titus 2:14. Must retain qualifier-awareness even though here it denotes general moral disorder rather than specifically Mosaic transgression, to avoid implying Gentile Cretan believers are held to Mosaic ceremonial law.

Low Risk Terms

God

Approved rendering: Vajtswv
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting
Rejected alternatives: Ntuj (impersonal sky/heaven) — rejected, lacks personal deity sense, dab (spirit) — rejected, denotes false/lesser spirit

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly; applied throughout Titus 1-3 as God the Father, source of the saving plan.

Lord

Approved rendering: tus Tswv
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly. In Titus this term acquires a NEW script-level collision risk with the human-master term ‘tus tswv qhev’ (see master_of_slave_despotes below) — bare ‘tus tswv’ must never be used for a human referent.

Jesus Christ

Approved rendering: Yexus Khetos
Transliteration: Iēsous Christos
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly.

Father God

Approved rendering: Leej Txiv
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Not stated by name in Titus but retained for cross-book consistency wherever the Father/Son honorific pair is implied (e.g., alongside the shared Savior title, Titus 1:3-4).

Divisions Factions

Approved rendering: kev sib cais ua pab ua pawg
Transliteration: haireseis / dichostasiai
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

Inherited from Romans package. Base phrase underlying ‘divisive_factious_person’ below (Titus 3:10).

Peace

Approved rendering: kev thaj yeeb
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Retained for cross-book epistolary-greeting vocabulary consistency.

Promise

Approved rendering: lus cog tseg
Transliteration: epangelia
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used of God’s pledge of eternal life ‘before the ages began’ (Titus 1:2).

Eternal Life

Approved rendering: txoj sia nyob mus ib txhis
Transliteration: zōē aiōnios
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 1:2 (promised before the ages) and 3:7 (hope of the justified).

Heir

Approved rendering: tus qub txeeg qub teg
Transliteration: klēronomos
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 3:7; positive resonance with Hmong lineage-inheritance custom.

Glory

Approved rendering: lub yeeb koob
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 2:13 of Christ’s future, visible appearing.

Endurance

Approved rendering: kev ua siab ntev
Transliteration: hypomonē
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 2:2, part of the older men’s virtue triad (faith, love, endurance).

Witness

Approved rendering: tus timkhawv
Transliteration: martys
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Base form underlying ‘testimony’ below (Titus 1:13).

Truth

Approved rendering: qhov tseeb
Transliteration: alētheia
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 1:1, ‘knowledge of the truth’.

World

Approved rendering: lub ntiajteb
Transliteration: kosmos / kosmikos
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

Inherited from Romans package. Used adjectivally at Titus 2:12 (‘worldly desires’).

Love

Approved rendering: kev hlub
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 2:2 (older men’s virtue triad) and 3:15; base root underlying ‘love_for_mankind’ below.

Hope

Approved rendering: kev cia siab
Transliteration: elpis
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

Inherited from Romans package. Used at Titus 1:2, 2:13 (‘the blessed hope’), and 3:7; must be taught as confident expectation grounded in promise, not mere optimism.

Manifested Made Known

Approved rendering: tau qhia tawm los
Transliteration: phaneroō
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

NEW — Titus. Distinct Greek root from the epiphainō appearing-family; used at Titus 1:3 of God’s word being made known. Must never be conflated with appeared_past_epiphany or appearing_future_epiphany despite similar English gloss.

God Who Does Not Lie

Approved rendering: Vajtswv uas tsis dag ntxias
Transliteration: apseudēs Theos
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

NEW — Titus. Grounds the reliability of God’s promise (1:2); deliberate rhetorical contrast with ‘liars’ below (1:12).

Poured Out Spirit

Approved rendering: nchuav / hliv rau
Transliteration: ekcheō (execheen)
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:6, echoing Pentecost (Acts 2:17-18). Comprehension-enrichment note recommended; no collision.

Kindness

Approved rendering: txoj kev zoo siab tos txais
Transliteration: chrēstotēs
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:4, names the divine attribute that ‘appeared,’ specifying the general grace of 2:11.

Love For Mankind

Approved rendering: kev hlub tibneeg
Transliteration: philanthrōpia
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit

NEW — Titus, built on the ‘love’ root. Titus 3:4, paired with kindness.

Teacher Of Good

Approved rendering: tus qhia qhov zoo
Transliteration: kalodidaskalos
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:3, role assigned to older women.

Teaching Generic

Approved rendering: kev qhia
Transliteration: didachē / didaskalia
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Base form of sound_doctrine; no collision.

Preaching Proclamation

Approved rendering: tej lus tshaj tawm
Transliteration: kērygma
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:3.

Empty Talkers Deceivers

Approved rendering: cov hais lus tsis muaj qab hau thiab cov dag ntxias lub siab
Transliteration: mataiologoi, phrenapatai
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:10, Paul’s characterization of the circumcision-party false teachers.

Liars

Approved rendering: cov neeg dag ntxias
Transliteration: pseustai
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:12, Cretan proverb citation; deliberate contrast with god_who_does_not_lie.

Civic Virtues Peaceable Gentle

Approved rendering: tsis nyiam sib cav; siab mos siab muag; kev txo hwjchim thiab siab mos siab muag
Transliteration: amachos, epieikēs, prautēs
Doctrine: Submission to Authority

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:2, the ethical tone owed to ‘all people’ in the civic-ethics unit.

Elder Disqualifying Vices

Approved rendering: kev ua neeg lom zem dhau lawm, khav theeb, npau taws yoojyim, quav cawv, nyiam ntaus neeg, nyiam tau nyiaj txiaj ntawm txoj kev tsis ncaj
Transliteration: asōtia, authadēs, orgilos, paroinos, plēktēs, aischrokerdēs
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:6-7 vice cluster; ‘npau taws yoojyim’ must be kept distinguished in register from wrath_of_god (human vice vs. divine judicial attribute).

Elder Commending Virtues

Approved rendering: hlub qhua, nyiam qhov zoo, coj tus cwj pwm zoo, tau ntsej muag
Transliteration: philoxenos, philagathos, semnos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:8; 2:2.

Sober Temperate

Approved rendering: ntsws meej, tsis quav cawv
Transliteration: nēphalios
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:2.

Example Pattern

Approved rendering: tus qauv
Transliteration: typos
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:7, Titus himself as a model of good works.

Vice Cluster Relational

Approved rendering: kev phem, kev khib, tsim txom rau luag saib, sib ntxub
Transliteration: kakia, phthonos, stygētos, misountes allēlous
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:3, closes the pre-conversion vice-list with relational breakdown.

Zealous For Good Works

Approved rendering: kev siab tawv nquam ua
Transliteration: zēlōtēs
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:14, modifies good_works_commanded_fruit.

Unfruitful Profitable

Approved rendering: tsis muaj qab hau / muaj qab hau rau, pab tau
Transliteration: akarpos, ōphelimos
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus, deliberate antonym pair bracketing Titus 3:8-14.

Testimony

Approved rendering: lus timkhawv
Transliteration: martyria
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies

NEW — Titus, built on the witness root. Titus 1:13, the Cretan poet’s ‘testimony’ against his own people.

Genuine True Child

Approved rendering: tus metub tiag tiag
Transliteration: gnēsion teknon
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:4, describes Titus’s authentic spiritual-filial relationship to Paul.

Titus Proper Name

Approved rendering: Titau
Transliteration: Titos
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

[TRANSLATOR REVIEW NEEDED] Provisional transliteration of the recipient’s name, following the established pattern (cf. Povlauj for Paul, Yexus for Jesus). Must be verified against the published Hmong Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum (HWB) rendering before being treated as permanent.

Book Title Citation

Approved rendering: Tsab Ntawv uas Povlauj Sau rau Titau
Transliteration: Epistolē pros Titon
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

[TRANSLATOR REVIEW NEEDED] Provisional full-title convention for first reference in any lesson, abbreviated thereafter to ‘Titau’, mirroring the Romans baseline’s ‘Loos’ citation convention. Pending confirmation against existing Hmong Bible tradition.

Crete Cretans

Approved rendering: Kelej (place) / cov Kalej (people)
Transliteration: Krētē / Krēs
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

[TRANSLATOR REVIEW NEEDED] Provisional transliteration, parallel to cov Yudas / cov Kilis in the Romans baseline. No native descriptive equivalent exists.

Titus Closing Proper Names

Approved rendering: Xenas, Apoloj, Nikaupauliv
Transliteration: Zēnas, Apollōs, Nikopolis
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

[TRANSLATOR REVIEW NEEDED] Provisional transliterations for Titus 3:12-13 closing greetings. ‘Apoloj’ especially should be checked against existing Hmong Bible tradition since he appears elsewhere in the NT (Acts, 1 Corinthians).

Low-Medium Risk Terms

Renewal Of The Mind

Approved rendering: hloov siab tshiab
Transliteration: anakainōsis tou noos
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit

Inherited from Romans package. Base form underlying ‘renewal_by_holy_spirit’ below (Titus 3:5), a distinct pairing from Romans 12:2’s ‘renewal of the mind’ requiring a comprehension-level distinguishing note.

Older Woman Age

Approved rendering: tus niam laus
Transliteration: presbytis
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living

NEW — Titus. Titus 2:3, comprehension-level only.

Steward

Approved rendering: tus saib xyuas vaj tsev
Transliteration: oikonomos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:7, metaphor for the elder’s responsibility as God’s household manager.

Faithful Saying Formula

Approved rendering: Tej lus no muaj tseeb thiab tsim nyog ntseeg
Transliteration: pistos ho logos
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works

NEW — Titus. Titus 3:8, formulaic marker distinctive to the Pastoral Epistles; recurs identically in 1 Timothy and 2 Timothy and should be rendered identically in any future Pastoral-Epistles curriculum.

Command Epitage

Approved rendering: lus samhwm
Transliteration: epitagē
Doctrine: General / Cross-cutting

NEW — Titus. Recurs at Titus 1:3 and 2:15; render identically to preserve the derivative relationship between Titus’s pastoral authority and God’s own commanding authority.

Medium-High Risk Terms

Overseer Bishop

Approved rendering: tus saib xyuas pawg ntseeg
Transliteration: episkopos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: overly generic ‘caretaker’ gloss — rejected, under-communicates the office’s teaching and doctrinal-guarding authority

NEW — Titus. Titus 1:7, used interchangeably with elder_church_office for the same office (1:5-7). This ecclesiological equivalence must be taught explicitly to prevent hearers from inferring two separate ranks.

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