Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis: The Gospel of Mark — English → Kannada
Purpose
This document provides the complete doctrine matrix for the Mark curriculum, mapping every doctrine identified in doctrine_risk_registry.json to its supporting passages across the entire book, chapter 1 through chapter 16, with risk level, specific translation risk reasoning, and review routing. The core passage (Mark 10:35-45 — the ransom saying and its surrounding servanthood teaching) is the curriculum’s theological anchor, not its scope boundary. Every chapter is accounted for below, either as the primary or a supporting locus for one or more doctrines, or — where a chapter contributes no new doctrinal weight beyond what is already tabulated — explicitly noted as “reviewed; no new doctrine.”
Risk Definitions (inherited from Romans baseline, unchanged)
| Tier | Definition | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | Mistranslation alters or destroys essential doctrine. | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | Mistranslation creates significant theological confusion or syncretism risk. | Human theologian |
| Medium | Mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning. | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | Mistranslation causes minor misunderstanding or imprecision. | Automated review sufficient |
Part A — Master Doctrine Matrix (All 46 Doctrines)
Sorted by risk tier (Critical → High → Medium → Low), then by first occurrence in Mark. This table is the authoritative cross-reference and must match doctrine_risk_registry.json exactly in doctrine names and tiers.
A.1 Critical Risk (8 doctrines — mandatory theologian review, every occurrence)
| # | Doctrine | Supporting Passages (Mark) | Translation Risk | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God | 1:1, 1:11, 8:31, 9:7, 10:45, 14:61-62, 15:39 | ಮನುಷ್ಯಕುಮಾರ (Son of Man, Daniel 7 background) and ದೇವರ ಮಗ (eternal Sonship) must remain complementary, not synonymous, titles. Risk of “Son of Man” collapsing into “exceptional human teacher” — a category readily available to Lingayat-background readers via the Sharana-who-attained-Aikya figure. Suffering must be read as voluntary and vicarious, not karma-earned consequence. | Human theologian |
| 2 | The Necessity of the Cross | 8:31, 9:31, 10:33-34, 10:45, 14:21, 14:36, 14:61–15:39 | ಆಗಲೇಬೇಕು (dei-necessity) must never be assimilated to ಹಣೆಬರಹ (fatalism) or ಕರ್ಮದ ನಿಯಮ (impersonal karmic law), both everyday Kannada explanatory idioms for suffering. This is scripturally-grounded, personally willed necessity, embraced by the Son and willed by the Father. | Human theologian |
| 3 | The Ransom for Many | 10:45, 14:24 | ವಿಮೋಚನ ಕ್ರಯ sits close to moksha/mukti liberation vocabulary; risks assimilating a one-time substitutionary payment into a self-attained or cyclical-liberation category. ಪ್ರಾಣ (not ಆತ್ಮ) is mandatory for “life” to avoid Vedantic ātman-merger overtones. ಅಂತಿ (anti, “in place of”) must retain vicarious force distinct from the softer ὑπέρ construction at 14:24. | Human theologian |
| 4 | The Son of Man’s Return in Glory | 13:24-27, 13:32 | Climactic unveiling of the Messianic Secret: ಮನುಷ್ಯಕುಮಾರ must never be softened toward “an ordinary human being” at this point, since that reading remains compatible with an elevated-teacher category rather than Daniel 7’s glorious returning judge-king. | Human theologian |
| 5 | The Last Supper and the New Covenant | 14:22-25 | Must remain doctrinally (and where required, verbatim) consistent with 10:45’s ransom saying — both name the same once-for-all substitutionary death. ಒಡಂಬಡಿಕೆ (locked baseline term) must anchor this to covenant theology, not drift toward a transactional ಒಪ್ಪಂದ reading. | Human theologian |
| 6 | The Trial Confession, “I Am” | 14:61-62 | ನಾನೇ echoes the Exodus 3:14 LXX divine self-disclosure formula and must be rendered with the same unqualified directness the Romans baseline requires for “Jesus is Lord” (Romans 10:9); no hedging or softening permitted at Mark’s fullest Christological self-disclosure. | Human theologian |
| 7 | The Centurion’s Confession | 15:39 | Climactic bookend to 1:1, spoken by a Gentile outsider at the point of Jesus’s death; requires mandatory verbatim consistency with 1:1’s opening claim as the Gospel’s structural inclusio. | Human theologian |
| 8 | The Resurrection of Christ | 12:18-27, 16:1-8 | ಪುನರುತ್ಥಾನ, never ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ. ಸಮಾಧಿ (tomb) also names guru/saint burial-shrines believed to house an ongoingly “present” teacher; every occurrence requires a translator’s note clarifying a literal, emptied tomb evidencing genuine bodily resurrection, not an ongoing samādhi-state. | Human theologian |
A.2 High Risk (21 doctrines — mandatory theologian review)
| # | Doctrine | Supporting Passages (Mark) | Translation Risk | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | The Kingdom of God Breaking In | 1:14-15, 4:11, 4:26-32, 9:1, 15:2 | Risk of political Davidic-restoration misreading (per the crowd at 11:10) on one side, and flattening into inward/mystical bhakti or Lingayat inward-realization experience on the other. ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯ must retain a present-and-future, historically anchored reign of a personal God. | Human theologian |
| 10 | Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | 4:40-41, 5:33-34, 6:50-52, 9:23-24, 10:32, 14:29-31, 14:66-72, 16:8 | ಶಿಷ್ಯ (pan-Indian guru-śiṣya term) risks reading discipleship as the disciple’s own progressive attainment rather than fearful, real trust in a living Lord who alone secures salvation. Mark’s unresolved fear at 16:8 must not be smoothed into triumphalism nor confused with fatalistic resignation. | Human theologian |
| 11 | Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness | 9:33-37, 10:35-45, 10:42-44 | ದಾಸ risks being read through the Haridasa bhakti self-designation (devotee’s chosen surrender to a personal deity); ಸೇವಕ overlaps with Lingayat kayaka-dāsōha sacred-labor ethic. Both must be redirected to Christ-patterned mutual servanthood grounded in his own example, not devotional submission or self-directed spiritual discipline. | Human theologian |
| 12 | The Messianic Secret | 1:24-25, 1:34, 1:44, 3:11-12, 5:43, 7:36, 8:29-30, 9:9, 9:30 | ಗದರಿಸು (silencing) risks reading as esoteric-initiation secrecy (tantric/Lingayat private guru-disciple transmission of the iṣṭaliṅga’s meaning) rather than temporary redemptive-historical strategy avoiding premature political messianism. | Human theologian |
| 13 | Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | 1:22-27, 1:40-42, 2:1-12, 4:35-41, 5:1-43, 6:45-52, 7:31-37, 9:14-29 | ದೆವ್ವ/ಅಶುದ್ಧಾತ್ಮ must never render as ಭೂತ — coastal Karnataka’s Bhuta Kola/Daiva tradition honors bhūtas as propitiated local spirit-deities, the opposite of Mark’s hostile-powers-subject-to-Christ category. ಅಧಿಕಾರ must convey inherent divine authority, not derivative guru-earned power. | Human theologian |
| 14 | Gospel Proclamation | 1:1, 1:14-15, 13:10, 14:9, 16:15 | ಸುವಾರ್ತೆ must stay distinct from any general positive religious teaching or devotional composition (Haridasa kirtane, Sharana vachana literature); Mark’s gospel is one specific historical proclamation about the crucified/risen Son of Man. | Human theologian |
| 15 | Repentance and the Nearness of the Kingdom | 1:4, 1:15, 6:12 | ಮಾನಸಾಂತರ must convey decisive relational turning toward the one true God whose reign now dawns, not mere ಪಶ್ಚಾತ್ತಾಪ (regret) nor a yogic inward-turning technique. | Human theologian |
| 16 | Baptism and Christian Identification | 1:4-11, 10:38-39, 16:16 | ದೀಕ್ಷಾಸ್ನಾನ collides with Hindu guru-dīkṣā and ritual snana, and specifically Lingayat iṣṭaliṅga-dīkṣā conferred by a Jangama guru; requires distinguishing a one-time public identification-rite from repeatable purification or guru-conferred initiation. | Human theologian |
| 17 | The Call to Discipleship | 1:16-20, 2:14, 3:13-19, 8:34, 10:21, 10:28 | The call originates entirely with Jesus’s sovereign summons, reversing the guru-śiṣya convention in which a seeker approaches a chosen teacher; this reversed-initiative distinction must be made explicit. | Human theologian |
| 18 | Forgiveness of Sins | 2:1-12, 11:25 | Must preserve the scribes’ registered scandal (2:7, “who can forgive sins but God alone?”) as a unique divine prerogative Jesus exercises, without flattening into casual interpersonal ಕ್ಷಮೆ or collapsing into the Romans baseline’s distinct forensic justification concept. | Human theologian |
| 19 | Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit | 3:28-30 | Requires precise framing (attributing the Spirit’s clearly evidenced work to Satan) given the doctrine’s severity and pastoral-misapplication risk (loosely applied to any doubt or sin). | Human theologian |
| 20 | Faith and Healing | 5:21-43, 6:56, 10:46-52 | σῴζω’s double meaning (heal/save) requires case-by-case theological judgment: flattening to ಗುಣಪಡಿಸು loses the sign pointing to fuller ರಕ್ಷಣೆ; flattening to ರಕ್ಷಣೆ over-theologizes plain physical healing. | Human theologian |
| 21 | Tradition versus the Purity of the Heart | 7:1-23 | Engages ritual purity/pollution codes tied to food, touch, and caste deeply embedded in Karnataka social-religious life. Genuinely convergent with the Lingayat critique of Brahmanical purity hierarchy, but must affirm Jesus’s positive claim: defilement is a moral-spiritual heart-reality requiring forgiveness, not merely abolished external boundary-markers. | Human theologian |
| 22 | Transfiguration and Divine Glory | 9:2-8 | ರೂಪಾಂತರಗೊಂಡನು must be distinguished from Hindu/yogic transformation-of-consciousness motifs or an avatar’s radiant self-revelation; this is a momentary unveiling of the eternal Son’s own pre-existing glory, not newly acquired divine status or an attainable mystical state. | Human theologian |
| 23 | Davidic Messianic Hope | 10:47-48, 11:10, 12:35-37 | Requires OT covenant background largely absent from Haridasa bhakti or Veerashaiva tradition; risk that Bartimaeus’s ದಾವೀದನ ಮಗ address is read as one devotional title among many rather than the unique OT-promised deliverer’s fulfillment. | Human theologian |
| 24 | The Rejection of the Son (Parable of the Tenants) | 12:1-12 | Ties the Necessity-of-the-Cross and Son-of-God doctrines in allegorical form; risk of under-reading the allegory if ಪ್ರಿಯ ಮಗ is treated as mere literary device rather than the same beloved-Sonship affirmed at 1:11 and 9:7. | Human theologian |
| 25 | Gethsemane and Submission to the Father’s Will | 14:32-42 | ಅಬ್ಬಾ ತಂದೆಯೇ frames the necessity of the cross as embraced, not merely imposed; must not read as passive resignation to impersonal fate but as the Son’s willing, personal submission to the Father’s redemptive purpose. | Human theologian |
| 26 | Betrayal and Divine Sovereignty | 14:10-11, 14:17-21, 14:41-45 | Dual register of ಒಪ್ಪಿಸು/ಹಿಡಿದುಕೊಡು (human treachery + divine sovereign purpose simultaneously) must not collapse into fatalism (excusing Judas) nor pure human-villain narrative (obscuring God’s sovereign plan already stated at 8:31). | Human theologian |
| 27 | Crucifixion and the Irony of Kingship | 15:1-32 | Mark’s sustained dramatic irony (a mocking title that is in fact true) must be preserved intact, not resolved or explained away by the translation. | Human theologian |
| 28 | The Cry of Dereliction | 15:33-34 | Must not be softened, spiritualized away, or read as merely rhetorical; genuine anguish of judicial abandonment while bearing sin is essential, yet must not imply severed eternal Trinitarian relations. | Human theologian |
| 29 | The Great Commission (Longer Ending) | 16:9-20 | Combines three established Critical/High terms (ಸುವಾರ್ತೆ, ದೀಕ್ಷಾಸ್ನಾನ, ರಕ್ಷಣೆ) in one doctrinal summary (16:16); textual-critical status (absent earliest manuscripts) must be flagged alongside doctrinal risk per standard bracket/footnote convention. | Human theologian |
A.3 Medium Risk (13 doctrines — native speaker review recommended)
| # | Doctrine | Supporting Passages (Mark) | Translation Risk | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | Sabbath Lordship | 2:23-28, 3:1-6 | Requires OT/Second-Temple background scaffolding for readers with low Torah literacy; ಸಬ್ಬತ್ ದಿನ is a transliterated, established term with limited independent syncretism exposure. | Native speaker review |
| 31 | Apostolic Commission | 3:13-19, 6:7-13, 6:30 | ಅಪೊಸ್ತಲ (transliterated) must be distinguished from the Lingayat ಜಂಗಮ wandering-teacher office or a generic guru role attained through personal spiritual accomplishment rather than sent commission. | Native speaker review |
| 32 | The True Family of God | 3:31-35 | Redefines kinship around obedience to God’s will rather than blood/caste/family loyalty; a moderate challenge to existing family/caste-community structures, resonant with (though distinct from) the Lingayat movement’s own caste critique. | Native speaker review |
| 33 | Parables and the Mystery of the Kingdom | 4:1-34 | ರಹಸ್ಯ must be distinguished from esoteric occult “secret knowledge” (gupta vidyā/tantra) attained through initiation or personal mystical technique; kingdom-mystery is sovereignly given by grace, not unlocked by recipient effort. | Native speaker review |
| 34 | Gentile Faith and Inclusion | 7:24-30, 11:17 | Reinforces the baseline unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine trajectory; no new syncretism vectors beyond those already documented for ಅನ್ಯಜನಾಂಗದವರು in the Romans baseline. | Native speaker review |
| 35 | Childlike Faith and Kingdom Entry | 10:13-16 | Useful contrast point with the Lingayat shatsthala path’s progressive, effort-based ascent — kingdom-entry here is childlike receiving, not staged attainment; the contrast strengthens rather than threatens the doctrine. | Native speaker review |
| 36 | Riches and Eternal Life | 10:17-31 | ನಿತ್ಯಜೀವ must be distinguished from cyclical-existence/rebirth concepts; “eternal” names qualitatively full, unending life with God, not an unending cycle escaped through renunciation as spiritual technique. | Native speaker review |
| 37 | The Triumphal Entry and True Kingship | 11:1-11 | The crowd’s politically-inflected Davidic-kingdom hope must be distinguished from ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯ proper — Jesus’s kingdom transcends and redefines nationalist expectation rather than simply fulfilling it. | Native speaker review |
| 38 | Temple Cleansing and Judgment | 11:15-19, 13:1-2 | Requires background-knowledge scaffolding (temple architecture/function) more than syncretism caution; ties “for all nations” universal-access theme to the baseline unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine. | Native speaker review |
| 39 | Prayer and Forgiveness | 11:22-25 | Faith directed to the one God and forgiveness tied to receiving God’s own forgiveness risks blending with generalized devotional petition (puja) patterns absent careful teaching framing. | Native speaker review |
| 40 | The Greatest Commandment | 12:28-34 | ಪ್ರೀತಿ must be distinguished from bhakti’s cultivated prema-bhakti devotion toward a chosen personal deity among several; this is exclusive, covenantal love toward the one God, paired inseparably with neighbor-love. | Native speaker review |
| 41 | The Olivet Discourse and Watchfulness | 13:1-37 | ಎಚ್ಚರವಾಗಿರಿ must be distinguished from generic meditative “mindfulness/awareness” practice; here it names active, hope-filled, ethically engaged readiness for a specific historical event, not inward contemplation for its own sake. | Native speaker review |
| 42 | False Christs and Deception | 13:5-6, 13:21-23 | Reinforces the uniqueness of the true Messiah against counterfeit claimants; moderate risk given established, low-ambiguity vocabulary (ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತ, ಪ್ರವಾದಿ) already fixed in the Romans baseline. | Native speaker review |
A.4 Low Risk (4 doctrines — automated review sufficient)
| # | Doctrine | Supporting Passages (Mark) | Translation Risk | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 43 | The Newness of the Gospel | 2:18-22 | Fasting vocabulary is broadly shared across Indian traditions without doctrinal distortion; the proverb’s radical newness/discontinuity point needs only clear narrative framing. | Automated review |
| 44 | Rejection of the Prophet | 6:1-6 | ಪ್ರವಾದಿ is an established low-risk term; the doctrinal point (familiarity breeding unbelief) carries no significant syncretism exposure. | Automated review |
| 45 | Feeding and Provision Miracles | 6:30-44, 8:1-10 | Standard narrative vocabulary; teaching material should note the eucharistic four-verb echo (took/blessed/broke/gave) connecting forward to the Last Supper (14:22). | Automated review |
| 46 | Sacrificial Giving | 12:41-44 | Standard vocabulary illustrating the servanthood/greatness reversal pattern; no significant syncretism risk. | Automated review |
Part B — Chapter-by-Chapter Doctrine Coverage (Mark 1–16)
This section confirms full-book traceability: every chapter is mapped to the doctrines it carries, or explicitly marked reviewed with no new doctrinal weight.
Mark 1 — Beginnings: Forerunner, Baptism, Calling, Authority, Healing
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 1 |
|---|---|---|
| Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God | Critical | 1:1, 1:11 |
| Gospel Proclamation | High | 1:1, 1:14-15 |
| Repentance and the Nearness of the Kingdom | High | 1:4, 1:15 |
| Baptism and Christian Identification | High | 1:4-11 |
| The Call to Discipleship | High | 1:16-20 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 1:22-27, 1:40-42 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 1:24-25, 1:34, 1:44 |
| The Kingdom of God Breaking In | High | 1:14-15 |
Chapter 1 is the densest opening chapter in the curriculum; all listed doctrines carry forward through the book.
Mark 2 — Authority to Forgive, Sabbath Conflict, Newness
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Forgiveness of Sins | High | 2:1-12 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 2:1-12 |
| Sabbath Lordship | Medium | 2:23-28 |
| The Newness of the Gospel | Low | 2:18-22 |
| The Call to Discipleship | High | 2:14 |
Mark 3 — Sabbath Controversy, the Twelve, Blasphemy, True Family
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 3 |
|---|---|---|
| Sabbath Lordship | Medium | 3:1-6 |
| Apostolic Commission | Medium | 3:13-19 |
| The Call to Discipleship | High | 3:13-19 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 3:11-12 |
| Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit | High | 3:28-30 |
| The True Family of God | Medium | 3:31-35 |
Mark 4 — Parables and the Storm
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 4 |
|---|---|---|
| Parables and the Mystery of the Kingdom | Medium | 4:1-34 |
| The Kingdom of God Breaking In | High | 4:11, 4:26-32 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 4:40-41 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 4:35-41 |
Mark 5 — Legion, Jairus’s Daughter, the Bleeding Woman
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 5:1-43 |
| Faith and Healing | High | 5:21-43 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 5:33-34 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 5:43 |
Mark 6 — Rejection at Nazareth, Sending the Twelve, Feeding, Walking on Water
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 6 |
|---|---|---|
| Rejection of the Prophet | Low | 6:1-6 |
| Apostolic Commission | Medium | 6:7-13, 6:30 |
| Repentance and the Nearness of the Kingdom | High | 6:12 |
| Feeding and Provision Miracles | Low | 6:30-44 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 6:50-52 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 6:45-52 |
Mark 7 — Tradition, Defilement, the Syrophoenician Woman, Deaf-Mute Healing
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 7 |
|---|---|---|
| Tradition versus the Purity of the Heart | High | 7:1-23 |
| Gentile Faith and Inclusion | Medium | 7:24-30 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 7:31-37 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 7:36 |
Mark 8 — Second Feeding, Pharisees’ Demand for a Sign, Peter’s Confession, First Passion Prediction
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 8 |
|---|---|---|
| Feeding and Provision Miracles | Low | 8:1-10 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 8:29-30 |
| Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God | Critical | 8:31 |
| The Necessity of the Cross | Critical | 8:31 |
| The Call to Discipleship | High | 8:34 |
Mark 9 — Transfiguration, Demon-Possessed Boy, Second Passion Prediction, Greatness/Millstone Sayings
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 9 |
|---|---|---|
| Transfiguration and Divine Glory | High | 9:2-8 |
| Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God | Critical | 9:7 |
| The Messianic Secret | High | 9:9, 9:30 |
| Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature | High | 9:14-29 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 9:23-24, 9:32 |
| Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness | High | 9:33-37 |
Mark 10 — Divorce, Children, Rich Young Man, Third Passion Prediction, James and John’s Request (Core Passage), Bartimaeus
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 10 |
|---|---|---|
| Childlike Faith and Kingdom Entry | Medium | 10:13-16 |
| Riches and Eternal Life | Medium | 10:17-31 |
| The Necessity of the Cross | Critical | 10:33-34 |
| Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness | High | 10:35-45, 10:42-44 |
| The Ransom for Many | Critical | 10:45 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 10:32 |
| The Call to Discipleship | High | 10:21, 10:28 |
| Baptism and Christian Identification | High | 10:38-39 |
| Davidic Messianic Hope | High | 10:47-48 |
| Faith and Healing | High | 10:46-52 |
Chapter 10 is the curriculum’s theological anchor. Every High/Critical doctrine converging on the core passage (10:35-45) is fully cross-referenced with its parallel occurrences elsewhere in Mark to ensure a Phase 2 translator handling this passage in isolation still applies book-wide consistency.
Mark 11 — Triumphal Entry, Fig Tree, Temple Cleansing, Faith/Prayer/Forgiveness
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 11 |
|---|---|---|
| The Triumphal Entry and True Kingship | Medium | 11:1-11 |
| Davidic Messianic Hope | High | 11:10 |
| Temple Cleansing and Judgment | Medium | 11:15-19 |
| Prayer and Forgiveness | Medium | 11:22-25 |
| Gentile Faith and Inclusion | Medium | 11:17 |
Mark 12 — Parable of the Tenants, Caesar’s Coin, Resurrection Debate, Greatest Commandment, David’s Son, Widow’s Coins
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 12 |
|---|---|---|
| The Rejection of the Son (Parable of the Tenants) | High | 12:1-12 |
| Davidic Messianic Hope | High | 12:35-37 |
| The Resurrection of Christ | Critical | 12:18-27 |
| The Greatest Commandment | Medium | 12:28-34 |
| Sacrificial Giving | Low | 12:41-44 |
Mark 13 — The Olivet Discourse
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 13 |
|---|---|---|
| The Olivet Discourse and Watchfulness | Medium | 13:1-37 |
| Temple Cleansing and Judgment | Medium | 13:1-2 |
| False Christs and Deception | Medium | 13:5-6, 13:21-23 |
| The Son of Man’s Return in Glory | Critical | 13:24-27, 13:32 |
| The Kingdom of God Breaking In | High | 13:26 (climax) |
Mark 14 — Anointing, Last Supper, Gethsemane, Betrayal, Trial
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 14 |
|---|---|---|
| The Necessity of the Cross | Critical | 14:21, 14:36 |
| The Last Supper and the New Covenant | Critical | 14:22-25 |
| Gethsemane and Submission to the Father’s Will | High | 14:32-42 |
| Betrayal and Divine Sovereignty | High | 14:10-11, 14:17-21, 14:41-45 |
| The Trial Confession, “I Am” | Critical | 14:61-62 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 14:29-31, 14:66-72 |
Mark 15 — Trial before Pilate, Crucifixion, Death
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Crucifixion and the Irony of Kingship | High | 15:1-32 |
| The Cry of Dereliction | High | 15:33-34 |
| The Centurion’s Confession | Critical | 15:39 |
Mark 16 — Resurrection and (Longer Ending) Great Commission
| Doctrine | Risk | Passage(s) in ch. 16 |
|---|---|---|
| The Resurrection of Christ | Critical | 16:1-8 |
| Faith and Discipleship amid Fear | High | 16:8 |
| The Great Commission (Longer Ending) | High | 16:9-20 |
Part C — Cross-Cutting Doctrinal Trajectories
The following trajectories span multiple chapters and are especially load-bearing for the core passage (10:35-45); Phase 2 translators must track them across the whole book rather than treating each occurrence in isolation.
- Son of Man trajectory (2:10, 2:28, 8:31, 9:9, 9:31, 10:33, 10:45, 13:26, 14:21, 14:41, 14:62): builds from veiled self-designation to the climactic trial confession and eschatological glory-return. Governs doctrines #1, #4, #6, #12.
- Messianic Secret trajectory (1:24-25 → 8:29-30 → 14:61-62): moves from concealment to open confession only after the necessity of suffering is underway. Governs doctrine #12 directly and touches #1, #2, #6.
- Suffering-death-vindication trajectory (8:31 → 9:31 → 10:33-34 → 10:45 → 14:21-25 → 15:1-39 → 16:1-8): the narrative backbone connecting doctrines #1, #2, #3, #5, #25, #26, #27, #28, #29 (i.e. #8 resurrection).
- Servanthood/status-reversal trajectory (9:33-37 → 10:35-45 → 10:42-44 → 12:41-44): directly frames the core passage; governs doctrine #11 and touches #46.
- Sonship/glory inclusio (1:1 → 1:11 → 9:7 → 15:39): the Father’s declaration and the centurion’s confession bookend the Gospel; governs doctrines #1 and #7.
Full-Book Coverage Statement
All sixteen chapters of Mark have been reviewed. Every chapter either introduces or carries forward at least one doctrine from the Part A master matrix; none has been silently omitted. Chapters with lighter unique doctrinal load (e.g., ch. 2’s newness-of-the-gospel material, ch. 6’s rejection-at-Nazareth pericope) are explicitly tabulated above as Low-risk, automated-review doctrines rather than left uncovered.
Risk Summary (must match doctrine_risk_registry.json exactly)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 8 | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | 21 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 13 | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | 4 | Automated review sufficient |
| Total doctrines | 46 | — |
Total requiring theologian review: 29 (Critical + High). Total requiring native speaker review: 13 (Medium). Total automated-only: 4 (Low). These totals match doctrine_risk_registry.json’s risk_summary block exactly.
This document must be loaded alongside doctrine_risk_registry.json and 08_core_glossary.md before Phase 2 segment translation begins. Any new doctrine discovered during Phase 2 must be added to both this matrix and the registry, with version increments recorded in both files.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Jesus as the Suffering Servant and Son of God
Kannada name: ಬಾಧಿತ ಸೇವಕನೂ ದೇವರ ಮಗನೂ ಆದ ಯೇಸು
Key terms: son_of_man, son_of_god, ransom
Review routing: Human theologian
Combines ಮನುಷ್ಯಕುಮಾರ (Son of Man, drawn from Daniel 7) with ದೇವರ ಮಗ (Son of God, eternal divine Sonship) as complementary, not synonymous, titles; a Kannada reader risks collapsing ‘Son of Man’ into merely ‘an exceptional human teacher,’ a category compatible with a Sharana figure who attained Aikya. The Suffering Servant motif also risks being read through a karma-suffering lens (suffering as one’s earned consequence) rather than voluntary, vicarious suffering undertaken for others.
The Necessity of the Cross
Kannada name: ಶಿಲುಬೆಯ ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯತೆ
Key terms: cross, dei_necessity, hand_over_betray, ransom
Review routing: Human theologian
ಆಗಲೇಬೇಕು must never be assimilated to ಹಣೆಬರಹ (fatalism, ‘forehead-writing’) or ಕರ್ಮದ ನಿಯಮ (the impersonal law of karma) — both common everyday Kannada explanatory frameworks for suffering. The cross is scripturally-grounded, personally willed by the Father and embraced by the Son, not an inevitable, impersonal fate.
The Ransom for Many
Kannada name: ಅನೇಕರಿಗಾಗಿ ವಿಮೋಚನಕ್ರಯ
Key terms: ransom, ransom_anti_pollon, psyche_life, son_of_man
Review routing: Human theologian
ವಿಮೋಚನ ಕ್ರಯ’s proximity to moksha/mukti liberation-vocabulary risks assimilating a costly, one-time substitutionary payment by a specific Redeemer into a self-attained or cyclical-liberation category. ಪ್ರಾಣ (not ಆತ್ಮ) is required to avoid Vedantic ātman-merger associations, since ಆತ್ಮ could suggest death is a stage toward the soul’s dissolution/liberation.
The Son of Man’s Return in Glory
Kannada name: ಮಹಿಮೆಯಿಂದ ಬರುವ ಮನುಷ್ಯಕುಮಾರ
Key terms: son_of_man, glory, elect, power_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
The eschatological resolution of the entire Messianic Secret motif — the hidden Son of Man is revealed as Daniel 7’s glorious returning judge/king; ಮನುಷ್ಯಕುಮಾರ must never be softened to ‘an ordinary human being’ at this climactic disclosure, a rendering that would understate divine authority in a way compatible with an elevated-teacher category.
The Last Supper and the New Covenant
Kannada name: ಕರ್ತನ ಭೋಜನ ಮತ್ತು ಹೊಸ ಒಡಂಬಡಿಕೆ
Key terms: covenant, ransom_anti_pollon
Review routing: Human theologian
Must remain doctrinally and, where the doctrine requires, verbatim consistent with 10:45’s ransom saying — both describe the same single, once-for-all substitutionary death. ಒಡಂಬಡಿಕೆ (established, locked baseline term) anchors this to covenant theology without drifting into a merely transactional ಒಪ್ಪಂದ reading.
The Trial Confession, “I Am”
Kannada name: ವಿಚಾರಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿನ ‘ನಾನೇ’ ಎಂಬ ಪ್ರಕಟನೆ
Key terms: ego_eimi, christ_title, son_of_god, son_of_man
Review routing: Human theologian
ನಾನೇ here echoes the divine self-disclosure formula (Exodus 3:14 LXX) and must be rendered with the same unqualified directness the baseline requires for ‘Jesus is Lord’ (Romans 10:9) — the Gospel’s fullest, most direct Christological self-disclosure, with no softening or hedging permitted.
The Centurion’s Confession
Kannada name: ಶತಾಧಿಪತಿಯ ಪ್ರಕಟನೆ
Key terms: son_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
The climactic bookend to Mark 1:1’s opening claim, spoken by a Gentile outsider rather than a religious insider at the very point of death; requires mandatory verbatim consistency with 1:1 as the Gospel’s structural inclusio.
The Resurrection of Christ
Kannada name: ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತನ ಪುನರುತ್ಥಾನ
Key terms: resurrection, tomb
Review routing: Human theologian
ಪುನರುತ್ಥಾನ, never ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ. Additionally, ಸಮಾಧಿ (tomb) carries a second meaning in Kannada/Indian religious usage naming the burial-shrines of gurus/saints believed to house an ongoingly ‘present’ teacher rather than a truly dead one — every occurrence requires a translator’s note clarifying this is a literal, emptied, vacated tomb evidencing genuine bodily resurrection, not an ongoing samādhi-state of subtle presence.
High Risk Doctrines
The Kingdom of God Breaking In
Kannada name: ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಆಗಮನ
Key terms: kingdom_of_god, gospel, mystery_of_kingdom
Review routing: Human theologian
Risk of the kingdom being read as a political Davidic restoration hope (as the crowd assumes at 11:10), or, in the opposite direction, flattened into a purely inward/mystical spiritual state as in bhakti devotional experience or Lingayat inward-realization frameworks. ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯ must retain a present-and-future, historically-anchored, in-breaking reign of a personal God over creation.
Faith and Discipleship amid Fear
Kannada name: ಭಯದ ನಡುವೆಯೂ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಶಿಷ್ಯತ್ವ
Key terms: faith, fear, disciple, follow
Review routing: Human theologian
ಶಿಷ್ಯ is the pan-Indian guru-śiṣya term; risk that discipleship reads as the disciple’s own progressive attainment (as in the Lingayat guru-path toward Aikya) rather than fearful yet real trust in a living Lord who alone secures salvation. Mark’s deliberately unresolved fear at the earliest-attested ending (16:8) must not be smoothed into triumphalism nor confused with fatalistic resignation.
Servanthood versus Worldly Greatness
Kannada name: ಲೋಕದ ದೊಡ್ಡಸ್ತಿಕೆಗೆ ವಿರುದ್ಧವಾದ ಸೇವಕತನ
Key terms: servant, slave, authority
Review routing: Human theologian
ದಾಸ (slave) risks being read through the Haridasa bhakti tradition’s devotional self-designation (a devotee’s chosen self-surrender to a personal deity) rather than Christ-patterned mutual service within the community of disciples. ಸೇವಕ overlaps with the Lingayat kayaka-dāsōha ethic (sacred labor as its own spiritual discipline), which must be distinguished from a status-reversal ethic grounded in Christ’s own example of service.
The Messianic Secret
Kannada name: ಮೆಸ್ಸೀಯನ ರಹಸ್ಯ
Key terms: rebuke_silence, messiah, son_of_man
Review routing: Human theologian
ಗದರಿಸು (silencing) risks being read as esoteric-initiation secrecy — reserving truth to spiritually advanced insiders, as in tantric or Lingayat private guru-disciple transmission of the iṣṭaliṅga’s meaning — rather than a temporary redemptive-historical strategy avoiding premature political messianism before the necessary suffering is accomplished.
Jesus’ Authority over Sickness, Sin, and Nature
Kannada name: ರೋಗ, ಪಾಪ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಕೃತಿಯ ಮೇಲಿನ ಯೇಸುವಿನ ಅಧಿಕಾರ
Key terms: authority, demon_unclean_spirit, forgiveness, healing_save
Review routing: Human theologian
ದೆವ್ವ/ಅಶುದ್ಧಾತ್ಮ must never be rendered ಭೂತ — coastal Karnataka’s Bhuta Kola/Daiva tradition honors bhūtas as propitiated local spirit-deities, the opposite of Mark’s category of hostile powers wholly subject to Christ’s command. ಅಧಿಕಾರ must convey inherent, self-authenticating divine authority, not derivative teaching-license or guru-earned spiritual power.
Gospel Proclamation
Kannada name: ಸುವಾರ್ತಾ ಸಾರುವಿಕೆ
Key terms: gospel
Review routing: Human theologian
ಸುವಾರ್ತೆ must be held distinct from any general positive religious teaching or devotional composition (Haridasa kirtane, Sharana vachana literature) circulating in Karnataka’s religious landscape — Mark’s gospel is one specific historical proclamation about the crucified/risen Son of Man.
Repentance and the Nearness of the Kingdom
Kannada name: ಮಾನಸಾಂತರ ಮತ್ತು ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಸಾಮೀಪ್ಯ
Key terms: repentance, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
ಮಾನಸಾಂತರ must convey decisive relational turning toward the one true God whose reign is now dawning, not merely ಪಶ್ಚಾತ್ತಾಪ (regret) nor a yogic inward-turning meditative technique practiced for its own sake.
Baptism and Christian Identification
Kannada name: ದೀಕ್ಷಾಸ್ನಾನ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತನೊಂದಿಗಿನ ಗುರುತಿಸುವಿಕೆ
Key terms: baptism
Review routing: Human theologian
ದೀಕ್ಷಾಸ್ನಾನ collides with Hindu guru-dīkṣā (initiation) and ritual snana (purificatory bathing), and specifically with Lingayat iṣṭaliṅga-dīkṣā conferred by a Jangama guru; requires distinguishing a one-time, public identification-rite from a repeatable purification rite or a guru-conferred initiation into a spiritual lineage.
The Call to Discipleship
Kannada name: ಶಿಷ್ಯತ್ವಕ್ಕೆ ಕರೆ
Key terms: called, disciple, follow
Review routing: Human theologian
The call originates entirely with Jesus’s own sovereign summons, not, as in guru-śiṣya convention, a seeker’s own initiative in choosing and approaching a teacher; ಶಿಷ್ಯ/ಹಿಂಬಾಲಿಸು must be taught with this reversed-initiative distinction made explicit.
Forgiveness of Sins
Kannada name: ಪಾಪಕ್ಷಮೆ
Key terms: forgiveness, sin, authority
Review routing: Human theologian
Must preserve the scribes’ registered scandal (2:7, ‘who can forgive sins but God alone?’) — a unique divine prerogative Jesus exercises — and not flatten into casual interpersonal ಕ್ಷಮೆ or collapse into the distinct forensic concept of justification already established in the Romans baseline.
Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit
Kannada name: ಪವಿತ್ರಾತ್ಮನಿಗೆ ವಿರುದ್ಧವಾದ ದೂಷಣೆ
Key terms: blasphemy_holy_spirit, holy_spirit
Review routing: Human theologian
Requires precise framing (attributing the Spirit’s clearly-evidenced work to Satan) given the doctrine’s severity and its potential for damaging pastoral misapplication in Kannada Christian discipleship contexts, where the phrase could otherwise be applied loosely to any doubt or sin.
Faith and Healing
Kannada name: ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಗುಣಪಡಿಸುವಿಕೆ
Key terms: healing_save, faith, salvation
Review routing: Human theologian
σῴζω’s double meaning (heal/save) requires case-by-case theological judgment in Kannada — rendering flatly as ಗುಣಪಡಿಸು risks losing the sign-character pointing to fuller ರಕ್ಷಣೆ; rendering flatly as ರಕ್ಷಣೆ over-theologizes plain physical-healing narratives that do not always carry the fuller soteriological weight.
Tradition versus the Purity of the Heart
Kannada name: ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಹೃದಯದ ಶುದ್ಧತೆ
Key terms: common_defile, tradition_of_elders, sin
Review routing: Human theologian
Engages ritual purity/pollution codes tied to food, touch, and caste boundaries deeply embedded in Karnataka social-religious life. While genuinely convergent with the historic Lingayat critique of Brahmanical purity hierarchy, the Kannada rendering must affirm Jesus’s own positive claim that defilement is a moral-spiritual reality of the heart requiring forgiveness, not merely the abolition of external boundary-markers.
Transfiguration and Divine Glory
Kannada name: ರೂಪಾಂತರ ಮತ್ತು ದೈವಿಕ ಮಹಿಮೆ
Key terms: transfigured, glory, son_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
ರೂಪಾಂತರಗೊಂಡನು must be distinguished from Hindu/yogic transformation-of-consciousness motifs or an avatar’s radiant self-revealing appearance; this is a momentary unveiling of the eternal Son’s own pre-existing glory, not a newly acquired divine status or a mystical state disciples themselves could attain.
Davidic Messianic Hope
Kannada name: ದಾವೀದನ ಸಂತತಿಯ ಮೆಸ್ಸೀಯ ನಿರೀಕ್ಷೆ
Key terms: son_of_david, david, messiah, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
Requires OT covenant background largely absent from Haridasa bhakti or Veerashaiva tradition; risk that Bartimaeus’s direct messianic address (ದಾವೀದನ ಮಗ) is read as one more devotional title among many rather than the unique OT-promised deliverer’s fulfillment.
The Rejection of the Son (Parable of the Tenants)
Kannada name: ಪ್ರಿಯ ಮಗನ ತಿರಸ್ಕಾರದ ಸಾಮ್ಯ
Key terms: beloved, son_of_god
Review routing: Human theologian
Ties the Necessity-of-the-Cross and Son-of-God doctrines together in narrative/allegorical form; risk lies in under-reading the allegory’s force if ಪ್ರಿಯ ಮಗ is treated merely as a literary device rather than the same beloved-Sonship affirmed at the baptism (1:11) and Transfiguration (9:7).
Gethsemane and Submission to the Father’s Will
Kannada name: ಗೆತ್ಸೇಮನೆ ಮತ್ತು ದೇವರ ಚಿತ್ತಕ್ಕೆ ಅಧೀನತೆ
Key terms: abba, father, dei_necessity
Review routing: Human theologian
ಅಬ್ಬಾ ತಂದೆಯೇ (locked baseline term) frames the Gospel’s clearest window into the necessity of the cross being embraced, not merely imposed; must not be read as passive resignation to impersonal fate but as the Son’s willing, personal submission to the Father’s redemptive purpose.
Betrayal and Divine Sovereignty
Kannada name: ದ್ರೋಹ ಮತ್ತು ದೇವರ ಪರಮಾಧಿಕಾರ
Key terms: hand_over_betray
Review routing: Human theologian
The dual register of ಒಪ್ಪಿಸು/ಹಿಡಿದುಕೊಡು (human treachery and divine sovereign purpose operating simultaneously) must not collapse into fatalism (excusing Judas) nor pure human-villain narrative (obscuring God’s sovereign redemptive plan already established at 8:31).
Crucifixion and the Irony of Kingship
Kannada name: ಶಿಲುಬೆಗೇರಿಸುವಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಜತ್ವದ ವ್ಯಂಗ್ಯ
Key terms: king_of_the_jews, cross
Review routing: Human theologian
Mark’s sustained dramatic irony (a mocking title that is in fact true) must be preserved intact in Kannada rather than resolved or explained away by the translation itself — a mocked, crucified man is in fact Israel’s true king, redefining the entire category of kingship.
The Cry of Dereliction
Kannada name: ಶಿಲುಬೆಯ ಮೇಲಿನ ವಿಲಾಪದ ಕೂಗು
Key terms: cry_of_dereliction, father
Review routing: Human theologian
Must not be softened, spiritualized away, or explained as merely rhetorical; genuine, unresolved anguish of judicial abandonment while bearing sin is essential to both the Suffering-Servant and Necessity-of-the-Cross doctrines, yet must be framed so as not to imply severed eternal Trinitarian relations.
The Great Commission (Longer Ending)
Kannada name: ಸುವಾರ್ತಾ ಆಜ್ಞೆ (ದೀರ್ಘ ಅಂತ್ಯಭಾಗ)
Key terms: gospel, baptism, salvation, ascension
Review routing: Human theologian
Combines three established Critical/High-risk terms (ಸುವಾರ್ತೆ, ದೀಕ್ಷಾಸ್ನಾನ, ರಕ್ಷಣೆ) in a single doctrinal-summary verse (16:16); its textual-critical status (absent from the earliest manuscripts) should be flagged alongside doctrinal risk so Phase 2 handling follows standard bracket/footnote convention rather than silent inclusion or omission.
Medium Risk Doctrines
Sabbath Lordship
Kannada name: ಸಬ್ಬತ್ತಿನ ಮೇಲಿನ ಕರ್ತೃತ್ವ
Key terms: sabbath, lord, law
Review routing: Native speaker review
Requires OT/Second-Temple background scaffolding for readers with low Torah literacy; moderate risk since ಸಬ್ಬತ್ ದಿನ is a transliterated, established term with limited independent syncretism exposure in Kannada religious vocabulary.
Apostolic Commission
Kannada name: ಅಪೊಸ್ತಲರ ನೇಮಕ
Key terms: apostle, authority
Review routing: Native speaker review
ಅಪೊಸ್ತಲ (transliterated) carries low ambiguity but must be distinguished from the Lingayat ಜಂಗಮ wandering-teacher office or a generic guru role attained through personal spiritual accomplishment rather than sent commission.
The True Family of God
Kannada name: ದೇವರ ನಿಜವಾದ ಕುಟುಂಬ
Key terms: father, disciple
Review routing: Native speaker review
Redefines kinship around obedience to God’s will rather than blood, caste, or family loyalty — a moderate challenge to existing family/caste-community structures, resonant with (though distinct from) the Lingayat movement’s own historic critique of caste hierarchy.
Parables and the Mystery of the Kingdom
Kannada name: ಸಾಮ್ಯಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಹಸ್ಯ
Key terms: mystery_of_kingdom, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Native speaker review
ರಹಸ್ಯ must be distinguished from esoteric occult ‘secret knowledge’ (gupta vidyā/tantra) attained through initiation or personal mystical technique; kingdom-mystery here is sovereignly given by grace to disciples in relationship with Jesus, not unlocked by the recipient’s own spiritual effort.
Gentile Faith and Inclusion
Kannada name: ಅನ್ಯಜನಾಂಗದವರ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ
Key terms: gentiles, faith
Review routing: Native speaker review
Reinforces the baseline unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine trajectory without introducing new syncretism vectors beyond those already documented for ಅನ್ಯಜನಾಂಗದವರು in the Romans baseline.
Childlike Faith and Kingdom Entry
Kannada name: ಮಗುವಿನಂತೆ ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯವನ್ನು ಸ್ವೀಕರಿಸುವುದು
Key terms: kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Native speaker review
Useful contrast point with the Lingayat shatsthala path’s progressive, effort-based ascent through spiritual stages — kingdom-entry here is childlike receiving, not staged attainment; moderate risk since the contrast strengthens, rather than threatens, the doctrine.
Riches and Eternal Life
Kannada name: ಐಶ್ವರ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ನಿತ್ಯಜೀವ
Key terms: eternal_life, kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Native speaker review
ನಿತ್ಯಜೀವ must be distinguished from a cyclical-existence concept of endless rebirth; ‘eternal’ names a qualitatively full, unending life with God following history’s terminus, not an unending cycle escaped through renunciation of wealth as a spiritual technique.
The Triumphal Entry and True Kingship
Kannada name: ಜಯದ ಪ್ರವೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ನಿಜವಾದ ರಾಜತ್ವ
Key terms: kingdom_of_god
Review routing: Native speaker review
The crowd’s politically-inflected Davidic-kingdom hope must be distinguished from ದೇವರ ರಾಜ್ಯ proper — Jesus’s kingdom transcends and redefines, rather than simply fulfills, nationalist expectation; moderate risk given the passage’s largely narrative character.
Temple Cleansing and Judgment
Kannada name: ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶುದ್ಧೀಕರಣ ಮತ್ತು ನ್ಯಾಯತೀರ್ಪು
Key terms: gentiles
Review routing: Native speaker review
Requires background-knowledge scaffolding (temple architecture/function) more than syncretism caution; ties the universal ‘for all nations’ access theme to the wider unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine already documented in the Romans baseline.
Prayer and Forgiveness
Kannada name: ಪ್ರಾರ್ಥನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ಷಮೆ
Key terms: faith, forgiveness
Review routing: Native speaker review
Faith directed toward the one God and interpersonal forgiveness tied to receiving God’s own forgiveness carries a moderate risk of blending with generalized devotional petition (puja) patterns absent careful teaching framing distinguishing prayer to a personal God from ritual petition to a chosen deity.
The Greatest Commandment
Kannada name: ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠವಾದ ಆಜ್ಞೆ
Key terms: love, god
Review routing: Native speaker review
ಪ್ರೀತಿ must be distinguished from the bhakti devotee’s cultivated emotional devotion (prema-bhakti) directed toward a chosen personal deity among several possible choices; this is exclusive, covenantal love commanded toward the one God with no rivals, paired inseparably with neighbor-love.
The Olivet Discourse and Watchfulness
Kannada name: ಎಚ್ಚರಿಕೆಯ ಬೋಧನೆ
Key terms: watch_be_alert, tribulation
Review routing: Native speaker review
ಎಚ್ಚರವಾಗಿರಿ must be distinguished from a generic meditative ‘mindfulness/awareness’ practice common in yogic or contemplative Hindu vocabulary; here it names active, hope-filled, ethically-engaged readiness for a specific historical event (Christ’s return), not an inward contemplative state cultivated for its own sake.
False Christs and Deception
Kannada name: ಸುಳ್ಳು ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತರ ವಂಚನೆ
Key terms: messiah, son_of_man
Review routing: Native speaker review
Reinforces the uniqueness of the true Messiah against counterfeit claimants; moderate risk given established, low-ambiguity vocabulary (ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತ, ಪ್ರವಾದಿ) already fixed in the Romans baseline.
Low Risk Doctrines
The Newness of the Gospel
Kannada name: ಸುವಾರ್ತೆಯ ಹೊಸತನ
Key terms: fasting
Review routing: Automated review
ಉಪವಾಸ/ಹೊಸ ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಾರಸ carry low syncretism risk since fasting vocabulary is broadly shared across Indian traditions without doctrinal distortion; the proverb’s point of radical newness/discontinuity needs only clear narrative framing.
Rejection of the Prophet
Kannada name: ಪ್ರವಾದಿಯ ತಿರಸ್ಕಾರ
Key terms: prophet
Review routing: Automated review
ಪ್ರವಾದಿ is an established low-risk term; the doctrinal point (familiarity breeding unbelief) carries no significant syncretism exposure in Kannada religious vocabulary.
Feeding and Provision Miracles
Kannada name: ಆಹಾರ ಒದಗಿಸುವಿಕೆಯ ಅದ್ಭುತಗಳು
Review routing: Automated review
Standard narrative vocabulary with low doctrinal-vocabulary risk, though teaching material should note the eucharistic four-verb echo (took/blessed/broke/gave) connecting this to the Last Supper (14:22).
Sacrificial Giving
Kannada name: ತ್ಯಾಗಪೂರ್ವಕ ಕಾಣಿಕೆ
Review routing: Automated review
Standard vocabulary illustrating the servanthood/greatness reversal pattern; no significant syncretism risk.
Referenced passages