Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Corinthians (English → Hindi)
A. Baseline terms reused exactly (representative list; full detail in translation_memory.json)
| Term | Hindi | Risk | Doctrine tag(s) | Key 2 Corinthians occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | सुसमाचार | High | D8 | 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 11:4 |
| grace | अनुग्रह | High | D1, D6, D7 | 1:2; 4:15; 6:1; 8:1-9; 9:8,14; 12:9; 13:14 |
| faith | विश्वास | High | D5, D8 | 1:24; 4:13; 5:7; 8:7; 13:5 |
| righteousness | धार्मिकता | Critical | D1 | 3:9; 5:21; 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15 |
| reconciliation | मेल-मिलाप | High | D1 | 5:18-20 (anchor text of this curriculum) |
| condemnation | दण्ड की आज्ञा | Critical | D4 | 3:9 |
| new_creation | नई सृष्टि | High | D2 | 5:17 (this curriculum’s primary anchor verse, alongside Galatians 6:15) |
| in_christ | मसीह में | High | D1, D2 | 5:17,19,21; 2:17; 12:19 |
| christ_lives_in_me (extended pattern) | मसीह तुम में है | Critical | D7, D8 | 13:5 |
| flesh | शरीर | High | D4, D5, D7 | 1:17; 4:16(contrast); 5:16; 10:2-4; 12:7 (two distinct senses — see notes on 5:16 and 12:7) |
| resurrection | पुनरुत्थान | Critical | D1, D7 | 4:14; 5:15; 13:4 |
| cross | क्रूस | Medium | D7 | 13:4 |
| holy_spirit | पवित्र आत्मा | Critical | all | 1:22; 3:6-8,17-18; 5:5; 13:13-14 |
| law | व्यवस्था | High | D4 | 3:6-15 |
| covenant | वाचा | High | D4 | 3:6,14 |
| glory | महिमा | High | D1, D2, D4 | 3:7-18; 4:4,6,15,17 |
| boasting | घमण्ड | Low→Medium (elevated in ch. 10-12) | D5, D7, D8 | 1:12; 5:12; 10:8,13-17; 11:16-30; 12:1-11 |
| apostle | प्रेरित | Medium | D5, D8 | 1:1; 11:5,13; 12:11-12 |
| federal_headship | प्रतिनिधि प्रधानता | Medium | D1 | 5:14-15 |
| sowing_and_reaping | मनुष्य जो कुछ बोता है, वही काटेगा | High | D6 | 9:6 (giving application, distinct from Galatians’ flesh/Spirit application) |
| worship | आराधना | High | — | 9:12-13 |
| power_of_god | परमेश्वर की सामर्थ्य | High | D7 | 4:7; 6:7; 12:9; 13:4 |
| exhort (entreaty sense) | विनती | Low | D1 | 5:20 |
| conscience | विवेक | High | D5 | 1:12; 4:2; 5:11 |
| church | कलीसिया | Medium | D8 | 1:1; 8:1,18-24; 11:8,28; 12:13 |
| trinity (formula, extended) | त्रिएकता (guardrail applied) | Critical | — | 13:14 |
| amen | आमीन | Low | — | 1:20; 13:14 (implied doxological close) |
| mercy | दया | Medium | D3 | 1:3 |
| thanksgiving | धन्यवाद | Low | D6 | 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 9:11-12 |
| fellowship | संगति | Low | D6 | 1:7; 8:4; 13:14 |
| father | पिता | Critical | D3, D6 | 1:3; 6:18 |
| adoption | दत्तक-पुत्रता | High | — | 6:18 |
| sanctification / holy | पवित्रीकरण / पवित्र | High | — | 6:17; 7:1 |
B. New terms proposed for this curriculum
| # | English term | Hindi rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine tag(s) | Primary passage(s) | Notes on collision / rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fear of the Lord | प्रभु का भय | Prabhu kā bhaya | High | D5 | 5:11 | Reverential accountability before a personal Judge; must not read as capricious dread or impersonal karmic anxiety. |
| 2 | Christ’s love compels | मसीह का प्रेम हमें विवश करता है | Masīha kā prema hameṃ vivaśa karatā hai | High | D3, D5 | 5:14 | Personal relational compulsion; avoid भाग्य-adjacent “fated compulsion” reading. |
| 3 | old things passed away / new has come | पुरानी बातें बीत गई हैं / नई हो गई हैं | purānī bāteṃ bīta gaī haiṃ / naī ho gaī haiṃ | High | D2 | 5:17 | Guard against पुनर्जन्म-adjacent cyclical-rebirth reading; completed, once-for-all, God-wrought transition. |
| 4 | ministry (diakonia) | सेवकाई | sevakāī | Medium | D1, D3, D5 | 3:7-9; 4:1; 5:18; 6:3-4 | Established Hindi word (already used in Romans/Galatians doctrine names); must retain gospel-proclamation content, not generic social service. |
| 5 | word/message of reconciliation | मेल-मिलाप का सन्देश | mela-milāpa kā sandeśa | High | D1 | 5:19 | The specific, singular content entrusted to apostles; not one teaching among many. |
| 6 | ambassador for Christ | मसीह के राजदूत | Masīha ke rājadūta | High | D1, D5, D8 | 5:20 | Delegated royal-diplomatic authority; complements, does not replace, प्रेरित. |
| 7 | Christ made sin for us | जिसने पाप को नहीं जाना, परमेश्वर ने हमारे लिये उसे पाप बना दिया | jisane pāpa ko nahīṃ jānā, Parameśvara ne hamāre liye use pāpa banā diyā | Critical | D1 | 5:21 | Doctrinal apex of the core passage. Forensic/judicial identification, never moral corruption of Christ; guard against ritual sin-transfer/sin-eater collision. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence, mandatory translator note. |
| 8 | non-imputation of trespasses | उनके अपराधों को उनके विरुद्ध न गिनना | unake aparādhoṃ ko unake viruddha na gināna | High | D1 | 5:19 | Negative mirror of baseline आरोपित धार्मिकता; forensic-accounting logic must run in both directions. |
| 9 | trespasses | अपराध | aparādha | Medium | D1 | 5:19 | Kept lexically distinct from पाप to preserve the accounting metaphor. |
| 10 | comfort/consolation | सांत्वना | sāntvanā | High | D3 | 1:3-7; 7:6-7,13 | Active, personal, relational divine comfort; not karma-resignation or philosophical detachment. |
| 11 | affliction/tribulation | क्लेश | kleśa | High | D3 | 1:4-8; 4:17; 6:4; 7:4; 8:2 | Major flagged collision: क्लेश is the precise Buddhist/Hindu technical term for the mental afflictions binding one to samsara, dissolved through detachment/self-realization. Mandatory translator note distinguishing Paul’s external, gospel-related, relationally-productive suffering from the kleśa doctrine’s internally-caused defilements. |
| 12 | sincerity/guilelessness | निष्कपटता | niṣkapaṭatā | Medium | D5 | 1:12; 2:17 | Anchors Sincerity and Apostolic Authority at first occurrence. |
| 13 | peddlers of God’s word | परमेश्वर के वचन का व्यापार करनेवाले | Parameśvara ke vacana kā vyāpāra karanevāle | High | D5, D8 | 2:17 | Direct critique of mercenary religion; lands with particular force against fee-based guru/darśan culture — handle pastorally but do not soften. |
| 14 | letters of commendation | सिफारिशी पत्र | sifārishī patra | Low-Medium | D5 | 3:1 | Straightforward; low doctrinal risk. |
| 15 | self-commendation | अपनी सिफारिश करना | apanī sifārish karanā | Medium | D5, D8 | 3:1; 5:12; 10:12,18 | Illegitimate self-promotion, contrasted with God’s/Spirit’s own attestation. |
| 16 | tablets of stone / tablets of the heart | पत्थर की पट्टियाँ / हृदय की पट्टियाँ | patthara kī paṭṭiyāṃ / hṛdaya kī paṭṭiyāṃ | Medium | D4 | 3:3 | Central external/internal law contrast for New Covenant vs Old. |
| 17 | new covenant | नई वाचा | naī vācā | High | D4 | 3:6,14 | Built from baseline वाचा (High); linear covenant fulfillment, not cyclical dharma/yuga renewal. |
| 18 | letter and Spirit | अक्षर / आत्मा | akṣara / ātmā | High | D4 | 3:6 | Must not generalize into a Vedantic śabda-vs-reality epistemology; a specific covenant-historical claim. |
| 19 | ministry of death/Spirit/condemnation/righteousness | मृत्यु की सेवकाई / आत्मा की सेवकाई / दण्ड की सेवकाई / धार्मिकता की सेवकाई | mṛtyu kī sevakāī / ātmā kī sevakāī / daṇḍa kī sevakāī / dhārmikatā kī sevakāī | High | D4 | 3:7-9 | Compounds two Critical-tier baseline terms (दण्ड की आज्ञा, धार्मिकता); dense theologian-review passage. |
| 20 | veil | परदा | pardā | High | D4 | 3:13-16 | Must not be assimilated to māyā (Vedantic veil of illusion, removed by impersonal gnosis); removed only by personal turning to the Lord. |
| 21 | sufficiency (ministerial competence) | योग्यता | yogyatā | Medium | D5 | 3:5 | Distinct from baseline सामर्थ्य (power_of_god) and from #34 below. |
| 22 | treasure in jars of clay | यह धन मिट्टी के बरतनों में | yaha dhana miṭṭī ke bartanoṃ meṃ | Low-Medium | D3, D7 | 4:7 | Vivid, low-risk metaphor. |
| 23 | outer man / inner man | बाहरी मनुष्यत्व / भीतरी मनुष्यत्व | bāharī manuṣyatva / bhītarī manuṣyatva | High | D3, D7 | 4:16 | Must avoid body-negation/ascetic dualism; the outer man’s decay is not itself redemptive. |
| 24 | momentary affliction / eternal weight of glory | क्षणिक क्लेश / अनन्त और भारी महिमा | kṣaṇika kleśa / ananta aura bhārī mahimā | High | D3, D7 | 4:17 | Guard against suffering-earns-glory merit reading; glory is granted by grace. |
| 25 | earthly tent / eternal house from God | यह डेरा / परमेश्वर की ओर से भवन | yaha ḍerā / Parameśvara kī ora se bhavana | High | D1, D2 | 5:1-4 | Future bodily resurrection, received once at Christ’s return — never reincarnation into successive bodies. |
| 26 | guarantee/pledge of the Spirit | बयाना | bayānā | Medium | D3 | 1:22; 5:5 | Natural Hindi commercial-guarantee term; personal divine assurance, not an impersonal contract. |
| 27 | judgment seat of Christ | मसीह का न्याय-आसन | Masīha kā nyāya-āsana | High | D5, D7 | 5:10 | Must not be conflated with Yama’s court/Chitragupta’s karmic ledger; a secure believer’s evaluation for reward, not redetermination of destiny. |
| 28 | weapons of righteousness / divine weapons | धार्मिकता के हथियार / परमेश्वर के हथियार | dhārmikatā ke hathiyāra / Parameśvara ke hathiyāra | Medium | D5, D8 | 6:7; 10:4 | Reuses धार्मिकता (Critical) and the armor_of_light हथियार pattern. |
| 29 | unequally yoked | अविश्वासियों के साथ एक ही जूए में न बंधो | aviśvāsiyoṃ ke sātha eka hī jūe meṃ na baṃdho | Medium | D5, D8 | 6:14 | Agrarian yoke metaphor naturally intelligible in Indian context. |
| 30 | temple of the living God (believers as) | जीवित परमेश्वर का मन्दिर | jīvita Parameśvara kā mandira | High | D2, D5 | 6:16 | Correct use of मंदिर for ναός (temple), distinct from baseline’s rejection of मंदिर for ekklesia/church; mandatory note distinguishing from idol-housing Hindu मंदिर. |
| 31 | godly grief / worldly grief | परमेश्वर के अनुसार शोक / संसार का शोक | Parameśvara ke anusāra śoka / saṃsāra kā śoka | High | D3 | 7:9-10 | Distinguish from mere emotional remorse and from merit-generating ascetic penance. |
| 32 | generosity (in giving) | उदारता | udāratā | High | D6 | 8:2,7; 9:11,13 | NEVER दान without heavy qualification — दान denotes Hindu merit-generating ritual almsgiving, the inverse of grace-flowing-from-grace-received. |
| 33 | equality (mutual sharing) | समानता | samānatā | Medium | D6 | 8:13-14 | Straightforward. |
| 34 | sufficiency (material, “enough for every good work”) | पर्याप्तता | paryāptatā | Medium | D6 | 9:8 | Distinct from #21 (ministerial competence, योग्यता). |
| 35 | cheerful giver | आनन्द से देनेवाला | ānanda se denevālā | Medium | D6 | 9:7 | Joyful response to grace, not merit-seeking donation. |
| 36 | strongholds | किले | kile | Medium | D5, D8 | 10:4 | Intellectual/argumentative, not literal/occult warfare — avoid jādū-ṭonā drift. |
| 37 | godly jealousy | परमेश्वर की सी धुन/जलन | Parameśvara kī sī dhuna/jalana | Medium | D5, D8 | 11:2 | Protective covenantal jealousy, not sinful envy; establishes the term (no prior baseline entry). |
| 38 | betrothed as pure virgin to Christ | मसीह रूपी एक ही पति के लिये कुँवारी दुल्हिन | Masīha rūpī eka hī pati ke liye kuṃvārī dulhina | High | D8 | 11:2 | Guard against bhakti bridal-mysticism recasting exclusive devotion as one path among several. |
| 39 | another Jesus / different spirit / different gospel | दूसरा यीशु / दूसरी आत्मा / दूसरा सुसमाचार | dūsarā Yīśu / dūsarī ātmā / dūsarā susamācar | Critical | D8 | 11:4 | Direct extension of Galatians false_gospel guardrail to Christ’s person and the Spirit’s identity; must not read as valid alternative paths. |
| 40 | false apostles / deceitful workmen | झूठे प्रेरित / छल करनेवाले मज़दूर | jhūṭhe prerita / chala karanevāle mazadūra | High | D8 | 11:13 | Direct textual anchor for Genuine vs False Apostleship. |
| 41 | Satan as angel of light | शैतान ज्योति के स्वर्गदूत का रूप धारण करता है | Śaitāna jyoti ke svargadūta kā rūpa dhāraṇa karatā hai | High | D8 | 11:14-15 | Warning against deceptive godmen/spiritual guides; avoid अवतार-adjacent “form-taking” vocabulary. |
| 42 | third heaven / paradise | तीसरे आकाश तक उठा लिया गया / स्वर्गलोक | tīsare ākāśa taka uṭhā liyā gayā / svargaloka | High | D7 | 12:2-4 | Sovereign, unrepeatable act of God’s grace — not yogic/tantric astral-travel technique. |
| 43 | thorn in the flesh | शरीर में काँटा | śarīra meṃ kāṃṭā | High | D7 | 12:7 | Not retributive karma for past-life sin; purposeful, grace-attending affliction given to a faithful apostle. |
| 44 | messenger of Satan | शैतान का दूत | Śaitāna kā dūta | Medium | D7 | 12:7 | — |
| 45 | sufficient grace / power made perfect in weakness | मेरा अनुग्रह ही तेरे लिये बहुत है; सामर्थ्य निर्बलता में सिद्ध होता है | merā anugraha hī tere liye bahuta hai; sāmarthya nirbalatā meṃ siddha hotā hai | Critical | D7 | 12:9 | Doctrinal apex of Power in Weakness; guard against tapasya/siddhi logic where ascetic self-denial generates power as achievement — here power is God’s sovereign gift through unremoved weakness. |
| 46 | weakness | निर्बलता | nirbalatā | High | D7 | 11:29-30; 12:5,9-10; 13:4,9 | Occasion for grace; avoid endorsing fatalistic passivity. |
| 47 | signs, wonders, and mighty works | चिन्ह, अद्भुत काम, और सामर्थ्य के काम | cinha, adbhuta kāma, aura sāmarthya ke kāma | Medium-High | D8 | 12:12 | Authenticate a specific apostolic message; not free-floating siddhi-style wonder-working. |
| 48 | examine yourselves | अपने आपको परखो | apane āpako parakho | Medium-High | D5, D8 | 13:5 | Test of covenantal fidelity to Christ, not Advaitic self-inquiry into an impersonal Self. |
| 49 | disqualified | परखे जाने में अनुत्तीर्ण | parakhe jāne meṃ anuttīrṇa | Medium | D5 | 13:5-7 | — |
| 50 | holy kiss | पवित्र चुम्बन | pavitra cumbana | Low-Medium | — | 13:12 | Primarily cultural-adaptation note, not doctrinal risk. |
| 51 | fragrance/aroma of Christ | मसीह की सुगन्ध | Masīha kī sugandha | Medium-High | D5, D8 | 2:14-16 | Must not be assimilated to incense/pūjā-offering imagery moving toward a deity; direction here runs from Christ through the apostles outward. |
| 52 | triumphal procession | जय-यात्रा | jaya-yātrā | Medium | D3 | 2:14 | Roman-triumph imagery needs a brief historical gloss; low syncretism risk. |
| 53 | grief (general) | शोक / दुःख | śoka / duḥkha | Medium | D3 | 2:1-4 | Precursor term to godly/worldly grief distinction in ch. 7. |
| 54 | groaning, burdened | कराहना | karāhanā | Medium | D7 | 5:2,4 | Cross-reference with Romans 8:23 Spirit-groaning imagery for cross-curriculum consistency. |
| 55 | naked/unclothed | नंगे | naṃge | Low | — | 5:3 | — |
| 56 | Christ’s poverty enriches | उसकी निर्धनता | usakī nirdhanatā | Medium-High | D6 | 8:9 | Guard against prosperity-gospel “give to get rich” misapplication; riches in view are chiefly spiritual. |
C. Chapter coverage index
| Chapter | New terms introduced (# from Section B) | Baseline terms reused |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10, 12, 26 | mercy, comfort-seed, thanksgiving, amen, father |
| 2 | 13, 14 (partial), 51, 52, 53 | fellowship, gospel |
| 3 | 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 | law, covenant, glory, condemnation, righteousness |
| 4 | 22, 23, 24 | glory, power_of_god |
| 5 (1-10) | 25, 26 (recur), 27 | faith, resurrection |
| 5 (11-21, core) | 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 | reconciliation, righteousness, new_creation, in_christ, federal_headship, resurrection, flesh, conscience, boasting |
| 6 | 28, 29, 30 | righteousness, adoption, father, sanctification, holy |
| 7 | 31 | comfort, repentance (baseline मन फिराव) |
| 8 | 32, 33, 56 | grace, church |
| 9 | 34, 35 | sowing_and_reaping (baseline), righteousness, thanksgiving, worship |
| 10 | 36 | flesh, power_of_god, boasting |
| 11 | 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 | apostle, gospel |
| 12 | 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 | grace, power_of_god, apostle |
| 13 | 48, 49, 50 | cross, resurrection, christ_lives_in_me (extended), trinity (extended), grace, fellowship |
All 13 chapters are confirmed reviewed for load-bearing theological vocabulary; none required an explicit “no new terms” notice, though chapters 7, 9, and 10 rely most heavily on reused baseline and cross-chapter terms rather than introducing extensive new vocabulary.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य, न्याय
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Never धर्म. In 2 Corinthians completes the chiastic exchange of 5:21 (Christ made sin so we become righteousness) and recurs at 3:9; 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: punaruttāna
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म, पुनर्जीवन
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER पुनर्जन्म. In 2 Corinthians grounds Christ’s resurrection (4:14; 5:15), the believer’s future resurrection body (5:1-4), and Christ’s present resurrection power (13:4). Received once at Christ’s return, never as reincarnation into successive bodies.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: Prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, ईश्वर
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians names the first Person of the closing benediction (13:14) and grounds Paul’s ministry (4:5; 5:11).
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा, ईशू
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 11:4 the name itself becomes doctrinally load-bearing: a rival ‘Jesus’ preached by false apostles must be flagged as a counterfeit, not an alternative valid account of this figure.
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameśvara
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वर, भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never भगवान. In 2 Corinthians is the acting subject of reconciliation (5:18-19) and the source of all comfort (1:3).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा, देव-आत्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / τὸ Πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians must never be rendered so as to suggest an impersonal life-force or the believer’s own inner ātman, a live risk at 3:17-18 and 5:5 given Hindi आत्मा’s double duty for both the divine Spirit and a person’s inner self elsewhere in this Language Package.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, सृष्टिकर्ता
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians is ‘the Father of mercies’ (1:3) and the one who receives believers as sons and daughters (6:18).
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhāra
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, छुटकारा
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER मुक्ति or मोक्ष. In 2 Corinthians is the outcome of godly grief (7:10) and the present nearness urged in 6:2 (quoting Isaiah 49:8).
Trinity
Approved rendering: त्रिएकता
Transliteration: trieakatā
Doctrine: Trinity
Rejected alternatives: त्रिमूर्ति
Original: ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ ἡ κοινωνία τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER त्रिमूर्ति. Applies with full force to the closing benediction of 2 Corinthians 13:14, which names all three Persons (Lord Jesus Christ, God, Holy Spirit) distinctly in one blessing; the three-Person distinctness must never collapse into a single divine principle.
Condemnation
Approved rendering: दण्ड की आज्ञा
Transliteration: daṇḍa kī ājñā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: निंदा
Original: κατάκρισις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the doctrinally dense 2 Corinthians 3:7-9 alongside धार्मिकता and व्यवस्था; mistranslation here would invert the old-covenant/new-covenant contrast central to ch. 3.
Christ Lives In Me
Approved rendering: अब मैं जीवित नहीं, परन्तु मसीह मुझ में जीवित है
Transliteration: aba maiṃ jīvita nahīṃ, parantu Masīha mujha meṃ jīvita hai
Doctrine: Christology
Rejected alternatives: आत्मा=परमात्मा प्रकार की विलय व्याख्या
Inherited from Galatians package (Galatians 2:20, first-person form). Extended in 2 Corinthians 13:5 by the distinct second-person construction christ_in_you (see Section B) — the two must remain doctrinally identical in guardrail even though grammatically distinct.
Christ Made Sin
Approved rendering: जिसने पाप को नहीं जाना, परमेश्वर ने हमारे लिये उसे पाप बना दिया
Transliteration: jisane pāpa ko nahīṃ jānā, Parameśvara ne hamāre liye use pāpa banā diyā
Doctrine: Christ Made Sin for Us (Substitutionary Atonement)
Rejected alternatives: उसे पापी बना दिया (made him a sinner — implies moral corruption, forbidden)
Original: τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν … ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν
Category: Atonement
2 Corinthians 5:21. Doctrinal apex of the core passage. Two mandatory guardrails: (1) forensic, judicial identification, never a claim Christ’s own moral nature became sinful; (2) must not be heard as ritual sin-transfer paralleling North Indian folk ‘sin-eater’ funerary/ritual customs. Mandatory theologian review and translator note every occurrence, without exception.
Another Jesus Different Spirit Different Gospel
Approved rendering: दूसरा यीशु / दूसरी आत्मा / दूसरा सुसमाचार
Transliteration: dūsarā Yīśu / dūsarī ātmā / dūsarā susamācar
Doctrine: Deceptive False Teaching and Spiritual Counterfeits
Original: ἄλλον Ἰησοῦν / ἕτερον πνεῦμα / ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Christology
2 Corinthians 11:4. CRITICAL: directly extends the Galatians ἕτερος/ἄλλος false_gospel guardrail to Christ’s own person and the Spirit’s identity. Must not read as valid alternative paths, especially given India’s pluralist assumption that multiple accounts of the divine may be equally valid. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Sufficient Grace Power In Weakness
Approved rendering: मेरा अनुग्रह ही तेरे लिये बहुत है; सामर्थ्य निर्बलता में सिद्ध होता है
Transliteration: merā anugraha hī tere liye bahuta hai; sāmarthya nirbalatā meṃ siddha hotā hai
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: ἀρκεῖ σοι ἡ χάρις μου / ἡ δύναμις ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελειοῦται
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 12:9. Doctrinal apex of Power in Weakness. Reuses अनुग्रह (Critical) and सामर्थ्य (High). Must not be assimilated to a tapasya/siddhi logic in which ascetic self-denial or suffering GENERATES spiritual power as an achievement; God’s power operates despite and through unremoved weakness as his own sovereign gift, never the weak person’s own accomplishment. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Christ In You
Approved rendering: मसीह तुम में है
Transliteration: Masīha tuma meṃ hai
Doctrine: Genuine vs False Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: आत्मा=परमात्मा प्रकार की विलय व्याख्या (advaitic ego-dissolution reading)
Original: Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν
Category: Christology
2 Corinthians 13:5. Directly extends the Galatians 2:20 christ_lives_in_me guardrail (Critical) to this letter’s closing self-examination test. Christ must remain a distinct, addressable, personal indwelling presence within a real, examinable ‘you’ — never advaitic dissolution of the individual into an impersonal universal Self. Hindi आत्मा’s double duty (Spirit / believer’s own inner self) compounds this risk. Mandatory theologian review and translator note, identical in force to the Galatians entry.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: सुसमाचार
Transliteration: susamācar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: खुशखबरी, शुभ सन्देश
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Established BSI OV term. Do not use colloquial alternatives. In 2 Corinthians recurs at 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 11:4, where it stands in direct exclusivity contrast with the counterfeit ‘different gospel’ of 11:4.
Grace
Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, दया, वरदान, भाग्य, कर्म-फल, पुण्य
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must convey unmerited favor apart from human merit. In 2 Corinthians grounds both salvation (1:2; 6:1) and generous giving as grace’s overflow (8:1-9; 9:8,14), and sustaining grace in weakness (12:9). NEVER दान-as-merit framing when grounding generosity in chs. 8-9.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, आस्था, भरोसा
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Trust in Christ specifically. In 2 Corinthians grounds ‘by faith, not by sight’ (5:7) and the self-examination of 13:5; the sight-contrast requires a note distinguishing it from the devotionally positive practice of darśan.
Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: vyavasthā
Doctrine: Covenant
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, शरीयत, नियम
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER धर्म. Central to the dense old-covenant/new-covenant contrast of 2 Corinthians 3:6-15.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāpa
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म, अशुद्धता
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 5:21 पाप is the term Christ is judicially ‘made’ to be; must be kept lexically distinct from अपराध (trespasses, 5:19) to preserve the letter’s two related but distinct accounting metaphors.
Covenant
Approved rendering: वाचा
Transliteration: vācā
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: अनुबंध, समझौता
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 3:6,14 forms नई वाचा (new covenant, see Section B), fulfilling and superseding the Mosaic covenant; must be read as linear, once-for-all fulfillment, never cyclical dharma/yuga renewal.
Adoption
Approved rendering: दत्तक-पुत्रता
Transliteration: dattaka-putratā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: गोद लेना
Original: υἱοθεσία (implied via υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies the OT quotation at 2 Corinthians 6:18 (‘you shall be sons and daughters to me’); guards against a reduced-status reading of adopted children.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरण
Transliteration: pavitrikaraṇa
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: सफाई, शुद्धिकरण
Original: ἁγιωσύνη / ἁγιασμός (implied, 7:1)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 7:1, ‘bringing holiness to completion’ as the fitting response to the promises of 6:16-18.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मल
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Describes the Spirit throughout and the standard of purity urged at 2 Corinthians 6:17-7:1.
Sowing And Reaping
Approved rendering: मनुष्य जो कुछ बोता है, वही काटेगा
Transliteration: manuṣya jo kucha botā hai, vahī kāṭegā
Doctrine: Eschatology
Original: ὁ σπείρων … θερίσει
Category: Giving
Inherited from Galatians package. Applied at 2 Corinthians 9:6 to generous giving rather than flesh/Spirit eschatology; God, not an impersonal cosmic ledger, supplies the harvest (9:8,10) — must not be heard as ‘जैसा दान वैसा पुण्य.‘
Worship
Approved rendering: आराधना
Transliteration: ārādhanā
Doctrine: Worship
Rejected alternatives: पूजा
Original: λειτουργία / λατρεία (implied, 9:12-13)
Category: Worship
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER पूजा. In 2 Corinthians 9:12-13, the collection is described as an act of devotional service overflowing in thanksgiving.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर की सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: Parameśvara kī sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति, ताकत
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER शक्ति. Doctrinal core of Power in Weakness at 2 Corinthians 4:7; 6:7; 12:9; 13:4 — displayed through, never earned by, unremoved weakness.
Conscience
Approved rendering: विवेक
Transliteration: viveka
Doctrine: Conscience
Rejected alternatives: अंतरात्मा
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 1:12; 4:2; 5:11 functions as the Corinthians’ inner judge of Paul’s sincerity; must be read as moral awareness before a personal God, not the Vedantic sense of विवेक as higher metaphysical discrimination.
New Creation
Approved rendering: नई सृष्टि
Transliteration: naī sṛṣṭi
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Galatians package. 2 Corinthians 5:17, not Galatians 6:15, is THIS curriculum’s primary anchor verse. Must never drift toward पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation) or a rebirth-into-a-better-existence framing; a completed, once-for-all, God-wrought transition.
In Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह में
Transliteration: Masīha meṃ
Doctrine: Christology
Original: ἐν Χριστῷ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Galatians package. The locus classicus for this formula in 2 Corinthians is 5:17,19,21, opening and closing the core passage; never mystical absorption into the divine.
Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर
Transliteration: śarīra
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: देह (in sarx contexts)
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans/Galatians package. 2 Corinthians carries a DISTINCT additional sense at 5:16 and 10:2-4 (‘according to the flesh’ = by mere external, unregenerate standards of evaluation) alongside the Galatians ‘indwelling sinful nature’ sense; a translator note distinguishing the two senses is required so they are not flattened together.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देव-ज्योति, प्रकाश
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Central to 2 Corinthians 3:7-18 (Moses’ veiled glory, believers transformed ‘from glory to glory’) and 4:17 (the incommensurate future ‘weight of glory’); glory is granted by grace, never earned by the degree of suffering endured.
Fear Of The Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु का भय
Transliteration: Prabhu kā bhaya
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: φόβος τοῦ Κυρίου
Category: Faith
2 Corinthians 5:11. Reverential accountability before Christ as coming Judge, motivating Paul’s ministry integrity; must never convey capricious dread or impersonal karmic reckoning.
Love Of Christ Compels
Approved rendering: मसीह का प्रेम हमें विवश करता है
Transliteration: Masīha kā prema hameṃ vivaśa karatā hai
Doctrine: Federal Headship and Union with Christ
Original: ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ συνέχει ἡμᾶς
Category: Christology
2 Corinthians 5:14. विवश करना must convey a personal, relational compulsion arising from Christ’s own love, never an impersonal fated compulsion adjacent to भाग्य vocabulary already forbidden for providence/election terms.
Old Has Passed Away
Approved rendering: पुरानी बातें बीत गई हैं; नई हो गई हैं
Transliteration: purānī bāteṃ bīta gaī haiṃ; naī ho gaī haiṃ
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: τὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν … γέγονεν καινά
Category: Sanctification
2 Corinthians 5:17b. Must not be rendered so as to suggest a self-effort ‘old self dies, new self reborn’ cycle recalling पुनर्जन्म; a completed, God-wrought, once-for-all transition. Perfect-tense abiding-result force must survive in Hindi verb choice (हो गई हैं, not होती हैं).
Word Of Reconciliation
Approved rendering: मेल-मिलाप का सन्देश
Transliteration: mela-milāpa kā sandeśa
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: ὁ λόγος τῆς καταλλαγῆς
Category: Salvation
2 Corinthians 5:19. Ties directly to सुसमाचार; must not be rendered generically as ‘a message’ or ‘a teaching’ among many, given India’s pluralist readiness to treat multiple religious messages as equally valid.
Ambassador For Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह के राजदूत
Transliteration: Masīha ke rājadūta
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: संदेशवाहक (mere messenger, loses the delegated-royal-authority nuance)
Original: ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ … πρεσβεύομεν
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 5:20. Delegated, official royal representation, not self-appointed guru status; complements, does not replace, प्रेरित.
Non Imputation Of Trespasses
Approved rendering: उनके अपराधों को उनके विरुद्ध न गिनना
Transliteration: unake aparādhoṃ ko unake viruddha na gināna
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: μὴ λογιζόμενος αὐτοῖς τὰ παραπτώματα
Category: Salvation
2 Corinthians 5:19. Negative mirror of the baseline’s आरोपित धार्मिकता (imputed_righteousness, Critical); the forensic-accounting logic must run in both directions or the doctrine collapses on one side.
Comfort
Approved rendering: सांत्वना
Transliteration: sāntvanā
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: παράκλησις / παρακαλέω
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 1:3-7; 7:6-7,13. Active, personal, relational divine comfort flowing from God’s own character and presence, never philosophical resignation to fate or karma-resignation.
Affliction
Approved rendering: क्लेश
Transliteration: kleśa
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: दुःख/शोक (too generic; used instead for precursor ‘grief’ vocabulary), वैराग्य (implies self-attained detachment, excluded from all glosses)
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Suffering
MAJOR FLAGGED COLLISION: क्लेश is the precise Buddhist/Hindu technical term for the internally-arising mental afflictions (kleśas) binding a person to samsara, dissolved through detachment/self-realization. Occurs 1:4(x3),8; 2:4; 4:17; 6:4; 7:4; 8:2 (10+ occurrences). Mandatory standing translator note on EVERY occurrence distinguishing Paul’s externally-caused, gospel-productive, relationally-resolved suffering from the kleśa doctrine’s internally-caused, self-dissolved defilements.
Peddlers Of Gods Word
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर के वचन का व्यापार करनेवाले
Transliteration: Parameśvara ke vacana kā vyāpāra karanevāle
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: καπηλεύοντες τὸν λόγον
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 2:17. Lands with particular force against paid darśan, guru-dakshina, and commercialized spiritual guidance culture; must not be softened, though handled pastorally.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: नई वाचा
Transliteration: naī vācā
Doctrine: New Covenant vs Old
Original: διαθήκη καινή
Category: Covenant
2 Corinthians 3:6,14. Built from the baseline वाचा; must be read as linear, once-for-all covenant fulfillment, never a cyclical dharma/yuga renewal.
Letter And Spirit
Approved rendering: अक्षर / आत्मा
Transliteration: akṣara / ātmā
Doctrine: Ministry of the Spirit versus the Letter
Original: γράμμα / πνεῦμα
Category: Covenant
2 Corinthians 3:6 (‘the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life’). Must not be generalized into a Vedantic śabda-vs-brahman epistemology; a specific covenant-historical claim about Torah’s letter versus the Spirit’s new-covenant work.
Ministry Of Condemnation And Righteousness
Approved rendering: मृत्यु की सेवकाई / दण्ड की सेवकाई / धार्मिकता की सेवकाई
Transliteration: mṛtyu kī sevakāī / daṇḍa kī sevakāī / dhārmikatā kī sevakāī
Doctrine: New Covenant vs Old
Original: διακονία τοῦ θανάτου / τῆς κατακρίσεως / τῆς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Covenant
2 Corinthians 3:7-9. Compounds two Critical-tier baseline terms (दण्ड की आज्ञा, धार्मिकता) in three consecutive verses — highest density of Critical vocabulary per verse-count in the letter; mandatory theologian review throughout.
Veil
Approved rendering: परदा
Transliteration: pardā
Doctrine: New Covenant vs Old
Original: κάλυμμα
Category: Covenant
2 Corinthians 3:13-16. Must not be assimilated to māyā, the Vedantic veil of cosmic illusion removed by impersonal gnosis; removed here only by personal turning to the Lord (3:16).
Outer Inner Man
Approved rendering: बाहरी मनुष्यत्व / भीतरी मनुष्यत्व
Transliteration: bāharī manuṣyatva / bhītarī manuṣyatva
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: ὁ ἔξω ἄνθρωπος / ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 4:16. Must avoid an ascetic body-negation lens (physical body as māyā/illusion); the outer man is the mortal, aging body, not evil matter, and its decay is not itself redemptive.
Momentary Affliction Eternal Glory
Approved rendering: क्षणिक क्लेश / अनन्त और भारी महिमा
Transliteration: kṣaṇika kleśa / ananta aura bhārī mahimā
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: τὸ παραυτίκα ἐλαφρὸν τῆς θλίψεως / αἰώνιον βάρος δόξης
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 4:17. Reuses क्लेश and महिमा; must not be read as suffering earning glory through accumulated merit — glory is granted by grace, not produced by suffering as its meritorious cause.
Earthly Tent Eternal House
Approved rendering: यह डेरा / परमेश्वर की ओर से भवन
Transliteration: yaha ḍerā / Parameśvara kī ora se bhavana
Doctrine: Future Resurrection Hope
Original: σκῆνος / οἰκία ἐκ θεοῦ
Category: Eschatology
2 Corinthians 5:1-4. Must be read as the one, future, bodily resurrection at Christ’s return — never reincarnation into successive bodies across a cycle of births.
Judgment Seat Of Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह का न्याय-आसन
Transliteration: Masīha kā nyāya-āsana
Doctrine: Divine Judgment and Ministerial Accountability
Original: τὸ βῆμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Eschatology
2 Corinthians 5:10. Must not be conflated with Yama’s judgment court or Chitragupta’s karmic ledger; a secure believer’s evaluation for reward, not a redetermination of eternal destiny.
Temple Of Living God
Approved rendering: जीवित परमेश्वर का मन्दिर
Transliteration: jīvita Parameśvara kā mandira
Doctrine: Church as Temple of the Living God
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 6:16. Correctly uses मन्दिर for the literal-metaphor ναός, distinct from the baseline’s rejection of मंदिर for ekklesia/church. Mandatory translator note distinguishing this from an idol-housing Hindu मन्दिर — here the living God himself, without any image, indwells his people directly by his Spirit. This is the one deliberate, narrow exception to the general church/मंदिर prohibition.
Godly Grief Worldly Grief
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर के अनुसार शोक / संसार का शोक
Transliteration: Parameśvara ke anusāra śoka / saṃsāra kā śoka
Doctrine: Godly Grief and Repentance
Original: ἡ κατὰ θεὸν λύπη / ἡ τοῦ κόσμου λύπη
Category: Sanctification
2 Corinthians 7:9-10. Reuses baseline मन फिराव (repentance, High). Must be distinguished from mere emotional remorse (baseline rejects पश्चाताप as an equivalent) and from tapasya-style merit-generating penance-grief.
Generosity
Approved rendering: उदारता
Transliteration: udāratā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: दान (Hindu merit-generating ritual almsgiving — never used unqualified for this doctrine)
Original: ἁπλότης (τῆς κοινωνίας) / χάρις
Category: Giving
2 Corinthians 8:2,7; 9:11,13. NEVER दान without heavy qualification — दान generates पुण्य for the giver, the inverse of Paul’s grace-flows-from-grace-received logic.
Betrothed To Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह रूपी एक ही पति के लिये कुँवारी दुल्हिन
Transliteration: Masīha rūpī eka hī pati ke liye kuṃvārī dulhina
Doctrine: Exclusive Covenantal Devotion to Christ
Original: ἁρμόσασθαι … παρθένον … τῷ Χριστῷ
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 11:2. Must not be assimilated to Hindu bhakti bridal-mysticism (gopī-devotion, goddess-consort traditions) recasting exclusive devotion to Christ as one legitimate path among several; Christ is the sole, exclusive bridegroom.
False Apostles
Approved rendering: झूठे प्रेरित / छल करनेवाले मज़दूर
Transliteration: jhūṭhe prerita / chala karanevāle mazadūra
Doctrine: Genuine vs False Apostleship
Original: ψευδαπόστολοι / ἐργάται δόλιοι
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 11:13. Direct textual anchor for this doctrine; reuses प्रेरित with झूठे, consistent with the Galatians false_brothers pattern.
Satan As Angel Of Light
Approved rendering: शैतान ज्योति के स्वर्गदूत का रूप धारण करता है
Transliteration: Śaitāna jyoti ke svargadūta kā rūpa dhāraṇa karatā hai
Doctrine: Deceptive False Teaching and Spiritual Counterfeits
Rejected alternatives: अवतार-adjacent ‘form-taking’ vocabulary (would imply a legitimate divine descent, not deceptive impersonation)
Original: ὁ Σατανᾶς μετασχηματίζεται εἰς ἄγγελον φωτός
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 11:14-15. Highly relevant warning against deceptive godmen and spiritual guides; must not be softened, but ‘form-taking’ language must avoid अवतार-adjacent vocabulary — this is deceptive impersonation, not a legitimate divine descent.
God Of This Age
Approved rendering: इस संसार का देवता
Transliteration: isa saṃsāra kā devatā
Doctrine: Deceptive False Teaching and Spiritual Counterfeits
Rejected alternatives: इस संसार का ईश्वर (risks reading as a legitimate rival deity in a pantheon)
Original: ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου
Category: Sin
2 Corinthians 4:4. Derisive title for Satan as the usurping ruler blinding unbelievers’ minds. देवता (a lesser deity) rather than परमेश्वर/ईश्वर is used precisely to keep the title derisive and subordinate; must not be rendered so as to imply a legitimate rival deity within a pantheon. Mandatory translator note every occurrence.
Third Heaven Paradise
Approved rendering: तीसरे आकाश तक उठा लिया गया / स्वर्गलोक
Transliteration: tīsare ākāśa taka uṭhā liyā gayā / svargaloka
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: ἁρπαγέντα ἕως τρίτου οὐρανοῦ / εἰς τὸν παράδεισον
Category: Eschatology
2 Corinthians 12:2-4. Must not be conflated with yogic/tantric astral projection, kundalini ascent through cosmic lokas, or meditative visionary techniques; a sovereign, unrepeatable act of God’s grace upon Paul, not a technique any devotee can master.
Thorn In The Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर में काँटा
Transliteration: śarīra meṃ kāṃṭā
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 12:7. Must not be read as retributive punishment for accumulated past-life sin, a common cultural assumption linking affliction/disability to karma; purposeful, grace-attending affliction given to a faithful apostle, not evidence of moral failure.
Weakness
Approved rendering: निर्बलता
Transliteration: nirbalatā
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: ἀσθένεια
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 11:29-30; 12:5,9-10; 13:4,9. The governing term for Power in Weakness throughout; must be read positively (occasion for grace) without endorsing fatalistic passivity.
Medium Risk Terms
Church
Approved rendering: कलीसिया
Transliteration: kalīsiyā
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: मंदिर, गिरजाघर
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never मंदिर for ekklesia. Note the one deliberate exception: मन्दिर is correctly used for the literal-metaphor ναός at 2 Corinthians 6:16 (see temple_of_living_god, Section B) — a distinct Greek word, not this term.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy of God
Original: οἰκτιρμός / ἔλεος
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Kept distinct from अनुग्रह (grace). In 2 Corinthians 1:3, God is ‘the Father of mercies.‘
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेरित
Transliteration: prerita
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, संदेशवाहक
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans/Galatians package. Central textual anchor for Genuine versus False Apostleship (2 Corinthians 1:1; 11:5,13; 12:11-12); must be distinguished from a self-appointed guru or freelance spiritual-teacher role.
Federal Headship
Approved rendering: प्रतिनिधि प्रधानता
Transliteration: pratinidhi pradhānatā
Doctrine: Sin
Original: εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν
Category: Sin
Inherited from Galatians package. Directly load-bearing at 2 Corinthians 5:14-15 (‘one died for all, therefore all died’), paralleling Romans 5’s Adam/Christ structure; gloss on first use.
Cross
Approved rendering: क्रूस
Transliteration: krūsa
Doctrine: Atonement
Rejected alternatives: सूली
Original: σταυρός / ἐσταυρώθη
Category: Atonement
Inherited from Romans/Galatians package. In 2 Corinthians 13:4, Christ’s crucifixion-in-weakness followed by resurrection-in-power is the pattern grounding Power in Weakness at the letter’s close.
Ministry
Approved rendering: सेवकाई
Transliteration: sevakāī
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: διακονία
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 3:7-9; 4:1; 5:18; 6:3-4. Already established across the Romans/Galatians doctrine-name ‘मसीह-केंद्रित सेवकाई.’ Must not be flattened into generic social service disconnected from proclaiming the reconciliation message.
Trespasses
Approved rendering: अपराध
Transliteration: aparādha
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: παραπτώματα
Category: Sin
2 Corinthians 5:19. Kept lexically distinct from पाप (sin) to preserve the forensic-accounting metaphor: अपराध names the countable trespass, पाप the broader condition.
Sincerity
Approved rendering: निष्कपटता
Transliteration: niṣkapaṭatā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ἁπλότης / εἰλικρίνεια
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 1:12; 2:17 (εἰλικρίνεια merged here). Anchors this doctrine at its first occurrence; transparent, unmixed-motive sense without ritual-purity overtones.
Self Commendation
Approved rendering: अपनी सिफारिश करना
Transliteration: apanī sifārish karanā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: συνιστάνομεν ἑαυτούς
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 3:1; 5:12; 10:12,18. Illegitimate self-promotion, contrasted with God-given, Spirit-attested credentials and with legitimate boasting ‘in the Lord’ (10:17).
Tablets Of Stone And Heart
Approved rendering: पत्थर की पट्टियाँ / हृदय की पट्टियाँ
Transliteration: patthara kī paṭṭiyāṃ / hṛdaya kī paṭṭiyāṃ
Doctrine: New Covenant vs Old
Original: πλάκες λίθιναι / πλάκες καρδίας σαρκίναις
Category: Covenant
2 Corinthians 3:3. External, stone-inscribed law contrasted with the new covenant’s Spirit-written law on human hearts; central to the New Covenant vs Old contrast.
Ministerial Sufficiency
Approved rendering: योग्यता
Transliteration: yogyatā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ἱκανότης
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 3:5. Ministerial competence is God-given, not self-generated. Kept lexically distinct from सामर्थ्य (power_of_god) and from पर्याप्तता (material_sufficiency, 9:8).
Guarantee Of Spirit
Approved rendering: बयाना
Transliteration: bayānā
Doctrine: Assurance through the Spirit’s Seal
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Faith
2 Corinthians 1:22; 5:5. Natural Hindi commercial earnest-money term vividly conveying guaranteed future payment; must be read as personal divine assurance, not an impersonal cosmic contract or horoscope-style guarantee.
Weapons Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: धार्मिकता के हथियार
Transliteration: dhārmikatā ke hathiyāra
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ὅπλα δικαιοσύνης
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 6:7; cf. 10:4. Reuses धार्मिकता (Critical) and the baseline’s armor_of_light हथियार pattern.
Unequally Yoked
Approved rendering: अविश्वासियों के साथ एक ही जूए में न बंधो
Transliteration: aviśvāsiyoṃ ke sātha eka hī jūe meṃ na baṃdho
Doctrine: Church as Temple of the Living God
Original: μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες ἀπίστοις
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 6:14. Agrarian yoke imagery naturally intelligible in the Indian context, echoing the Galatians yoke_of_slavery metaphor family.
Equality
Approved rendering: समानता
Transliteration: samānatā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἰσότης
Category: Giving
2 Corinthians 8:13-14. Straightforward equity concept for the collection’s goal; low syncretism risk.
Material Sufficiency
Approved rendering: पर्याप्तता
Transliteration: paryāptatā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Giving
2 Corinthians 9:8. Kept lexically distinct from योग्यता (ministerial competence, 3:5) and from सामर्थ्य (power_of_god).
Cheerful Giver
Approved rendering: आनन्द से देनेवाला
Transliteration: ānanda se denevālā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἱλαρὸς δότης
Category: Giving
2 Corinthians 9:7. Joyful response to grace already received, not giving for merit or ‘the good feeling’ of accumulated merit.
Strongholds
Approved rendering: किले
Transliteration: kile
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ὀχυρώματα
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 10:4-5. Intellectual/spiritual argument-demolition (imaginations, proud claims), not literal or occult warfare — avoid drift toward the जादू-टोना (sorcery) caution already documented in the Galatians baseline.
Godly Jealousy
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर की सी धुन/जलन
Transliteration: Parameśvara kī sī dhuna/jalana
Doctrine: Exclusive Covenantal Devotion to Christ
Original: ζῆλος θεοῦ
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 11:2. Protective covenantal jealousy, not sinful envy; establishes the term in this Language Package (no prior baseline ‘jealousy’ entry).
Messenger Of Satan
Approved rendering: शैतान का दूत
Transliteration: Śaitāna kā dūta
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: ἄγγελος Σατανᾶ
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 12:7. The agent behind the thorn, permitted by God for a sanctifying purpose; carries the same guardrails as thorn_in_the_flesh regarding sovereign divine purpose over malevolent agency.
Signs Wonders Mighty Works
Approved rendering: चिन्ह, अद्भुत काम, और सामर्थ्य के काम
Transliteration: cinha, adbhuta kāma, aura sāmarthya ke kāma
Doctrine: Genuine vs False Apostleship
Original: σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα καὶ δυνάμεις
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 12:12. Must be read as authenticating a specific apostolic message, not free-floating displays comparable to siddhi (yogic/tantric supernatural attainments) or folk wonder-working.
Examine Yourselves
Approved rendering: क्या तुम विश्वास में हो, यह अपने आपको परखो
Transliteration: kyā tuma viśvāsa meṃ ho, yaha apane āpako parakho
Doctrine: Divine Judgment and Ministerial Accountability
Original: ἑαυτοὺς πειράζετε εἰ ἐστὲ ἐν τῇ πίστει
Category: Faith
2 Corinthians 13:5. Must not be conflated with Advaitic आत्म-विचार (impersonal self-inquiry into one’s true Self, ‘Who am I?’); this is examining one’s covenantal fidelity to Christ, not searching for one’s ultimate metaphysical identity.
Disqualified
Approved rendering: परखे जाने में अनुत्तीर्ण
Transliteration: parakhe jāne meṃ anuttīrṇa
Doctrine: Divine Judgment and Ministerial Accountability
Original: ἀδόκιμος
Category: Faith
2 Corinthians 13:5-7. The negative outcome of self-examination if genuine faith is absent; ensure not read as karmic disqualification.
Fragrance Of Christ
Approved rendering: मसीह की सुगन्ध
Transliteration: Masīha kī sugandha
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ὀσμή / εὐωδία Χριστοῦ
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 2:14-16. Must not be assimilated to incense/pūjā-offering imagery (agarbatti offered to a deity to secure favor); the fragrance moves FROM Christ THROUGH the apostles TO others, the reverse direction of a votive offering.
Triumphal Procession
Approved rendering: जय-यात्रा में हमें लिये चलता है
Transliteration: jaya-yātrā meṃ hameṃ liye calatā hai
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: θριαμβεύοντι
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 2:14. Roman military-triumph imagery needs a brief historical gloss; low syncretism risk in itself.
Grief
Approved rendering: शोक / दुःख
Transliteration: śoka / duḥkha
Doctrine: Godly Grief and Repentance
Original: λύπη
Category: Suffering
2 Corinthians 2:1-4. Precursor term to the godly/worldly grief distinction of ch. 7; keep distinct from मन फिराव (repentance) — grief is the emotion that may or may not lead to it.
Groaning Burdened
Approved rendering: कराहना
Transliteration: karāhanā
Doctrine: Future Resurrection Hope
Original: στενάζομεν βαρούμενοι
Category: Eschatology
2 Corinthians 5:2,4. Parallel to but a distinct occurrence from Romans 8:23’s Spirit-groaning imagery; flagged for cross-curriculum consistency review.
Christs Poverty Enriches
Approved rendering: उसकी निर्धनता
Transliteration: usakī nirdhanatā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἡ πτωχεία αὐτοῦ
Category: Giving
2 Corinthians 8:9. Must not be moralized into a prosperity-gospel ‘give to get rich’ formula; the riches in view are chiefly spiritual, not primarily material. Flagged do-not-echo against circulating prosperity-preaching ‘seed-faith’ tracts.
Low Risk Terms
Amen
Approved rendering: आमीन
Transliteration: āmīna
Doctrine: Worship
Original: ἀμήν
Category: Worship
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 1:20; implied at the doxological close of 13:14.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धन्यवाद
Transliteration: dhanyavāda
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Recurs at 2 Corinthians 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 9:11-12, overflowing from the collection for the saints.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: संगति
Transliteration: saṃgati
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: दोस्ती, भाईचारा
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians: shared participation in Paul’s sufferings (1:7), in the collection (8:4), and in the Holy Spirit (13:14).
Exhort
Approved rendering: प्रोत्साहित करना
Transliteration: protsāhita karanā
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive: use विनती for the beseeching sense at 2 Corinthians 5:20 (‘we implore you’), प्रोत्साहित करना for the encouraging sense elsewhere.
Boasting
Approved rendering: घमण्ड
Transliteration: ghamaṇḍa
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Original: καύχημα / καυχάομαι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Functionally elevated across 2 Corinthians 10-12 given the extended rhetorical irony of Paul’s ‘fool’s speech’ (11:16-30) and weakness-boasting (12:1-11); baseline tier not altered, but flag chs. 10-12 occurrences for rhetorical-framing review so irony is not read at face value.
Letters Of Commendation
Approved rendering: सिफारिशी पत्र
Transliteration: sifārishī patra
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: ἐπιστολαὶ συστατικαί
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 3:1-3. Straightforward administrative term; low doctrinal risk.
Treasure In Jars Of Clay
Approved rendering: यह धन मिट्टी के बरतनों में
Transliteration: yaha dhana miṭṭī ke bartanoṃ meṃ
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: θησαυρὸν ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν
Category: Ministry
2 Corinthians 4:7. Vivid, culturally accessible metaphor; low syncretism risk.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: पवित्र चुम्बन
Transliteration: pavitra cumbana
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: ἅσπασμα ἐν ἁγίῳ φιλήματι
Category: Church
2 Corinthians 13:12. Primarily a cultural-adaptation note (public kissing as greeting is uncommon in Indian custom) rather than a doctrinal risk; a functional-equivalent greeting/embrace may be footnoted.
Naked Unclothed
Approved rendering: नंगे
Transliteration: naṃge
Doctrine: Future Resurrection Hope
Original: γυμνός
Category: Eschatology
2 Corinthians 5:3. The intermediate state’s ‘unclothed’ condition, resolved by the resurrection body; low risk, concrete term.
Referenced passages