Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Joel (Hindi Destination Language Package)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, across the core passage (Joel 2:28-32) and the whole book (Joel 1-3). Terms already established in the baseline Romans/Galatians translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and MUST be rendered exactly as recorded there; no deviation is permitted. New terms required for Joel are marked [NEW] and are proposed here for addition to translation memory pending theologian sign-off, following the same risk-tier conventions as the baseline (doctrine_risk_registry.json).
Risk tier legend: Critical / High / Medium / Low, as defined in the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json.
1. Core Passage Terms (Joel 2:28-32)
| # | English Label | Original (Hebrew; LXX Greek where NT-quoted) | Hindi Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Day of the LORD | יוֹם יְהוָה; LXX ἡμέρα Κυρίου | यहोवा का दिन | Yahovā kā dina | Critical | The Day of the Lord | [NEW] | Central organizing doctrine of the whole book. Must retain dual judgment+deliverance character at every occurrence (1:15; 2:1,11,31; 3:14). Not to be conflated with Hindu cyclical dissolution (pralaya/yuga-end) concepts. |
| 2 | YHWH / the LORD (divine name) | יְהוָה | यहोवा | Yahovā | Critical | (undergirds all doctrines) | [NEW — extends baseline] | New to this Language Package; baseline only covers NT κύριος = प्रभु. Never silently conflate with प्रभु except at the deliberate NT-quotation seam (Joel 2:32 / Romans 10:13 / Acts 2:21), where the identification is the apostles’ own interpretive move, not a translator’s default. |
| 3 | Outpouring of the Spirit (pour out my Spirit) | אֶשְׁפּוֹךְ אֶת־רוּחִי; LXX ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματός μου | अपना आत्मा उंडेलना (मेरा आत्मा) | apanā ātmā uṇḍelanā (merā ātmā) | Critical | The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit | [NEW] | Flagship risk of this curriculum. आत्मा alone risks a monistic (paramātman-distribution) misreading. Mandatory translator note identifying “मेरा आत्मा” with पवित्र आत्मा, the personal, distinct third Person of the Trinity — recipients remain distinct individual persons who prophesy/dream/see as themselves, not persons dissolved into a shared universal Self. Verb उंडेलना must match Acts 2:17-18 wording exactly. |
| 4 | all flesh (universal social scope) | כׇּל־בָּשָׂר; LXX πᾶσαν σάρκα | सब मनुष्यों पर | saba manuṣyoṃ para | High | Outpouring of the Holy Spirit; cf. baseline Universal Scope of the Gospel | [NEW — follows baseline precedent] | NEVER शरीर (reserved by baseline for technical Pauline sarx). Follows the baseline’s own established idiom-precedent (πᾶσα σάρξ = “no human being” → कोई प्राणी नहीं). A social-universality statement (age/sex/class), not a cosmic/ontological one. |
| 5 | prophesy | נִבָּא (verb); LXX προφητεύω | भविष्यवाणी करना | bhaviṣyavāṇī karanā | Low (lexical) / High (doctrinal application) | Outpouring of the Holy Spirit | [BASELINE REUSE — verb form] | Verb form of the baseline’s established भविष्यवाणी noun/भविष्यद्वक्ता. Gender-inclusive application (sons AND daughters) is doctrinally significant; flag for native speaker review. |
| 6 | dream dreams | חֲלֹמוֹת…חָלַם; LXX ἐνύπνιον | स्वप्न देखना | svapna dekhanā | Medium | Outpouring of the Holy Spirit | [NEW] | God-given revelatory dreams, not fate-omens requiring specialist ritual interpretation (contrast Indian svapna-shastra dream-omen tradition). |
| 7 | visions | חֶזְיֹנוֹת…חָזוֹן; LXX ὅρασις | दर्शन (flagged) | darśana | High | Outpouring of the Holy Spirit | [NEW — collision flag] | Natural Hindi word दर्शन directly collides with the baseline Galatians “revelation” entry’s explicit rejection of दर्शन (devotee’s visionary sight of a deity, attained through devotional merit). If retained (possibly established BSI usage at Acts 2:17), MUST carry a mandatory translator note: this is God-initiated, sovereignly granted revelatory sight, not devotionally attained darshan. Theologian review required. |
| 8 | male and female servants | הָעֲבָדִים וְהַשְּׁפָחוֹת; LXX δούλους καὶ δούλας | दास और दासी | dāsa aura dāsī | High | Outpouring of the Holy Spirit; cf. baseline Freedom/Slavery family | [BASELINE REUSE — extends दासत्व/दास family] | Doctrinal high point for Indian caste/class context: the Spirit is given without regard to social/servant status, structurally paralleling Galatians 3:28. Render unqualified; recommend explicit cross-reference to Galatians’ unity_in_christ entry in teaching materials. |
| 9 | wonders / signs | מוֹפְתִים; LXX τέρατα | अद्भुत चिन्ह / आश्चर्यकर्म | adbhuta cinha / āścaryakarma | Medium-High | Day of the Lord | [NEW] | Avoid चमत्कार (carries guru/deity devotional-miracle connotation in popular Hindi religious usage); these are sovereign, judicial, self-authenticating eschatological signs. |
| 10 | cosmic darkening (sun to darkness, moon to blood) | הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ…לְחֹשֶׁךְ…הַיָּרֵחַ…לְדָם; LXX ὁ ἥλιος…εἰς σκότος…ἡ σελήνη…εἰς αἷμα | सूर्य अन्धियारा हो जाएगा, चांद लोहू के समान हो जाएगा | sūrya andhiyārā ho jāegā, cānda lohū ke samāna ho jāegā | High | Day of the Lord | [NEW] | Apocalyptic-prophetic idiom, not literal astronomy. Must not be assimilated to Hindu cyclical cosmology (pralaya/end-of-kalpa). Linear, unique, historical-eschatological event, per the baseline’s existing yuga-cycle caution under Fulfillment of Prophecy. Must match Acts 2:20 wording if that curriculum is produced. |
| 11 | call on the name of the LORD → shall be saved | כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרָא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה יִמָּלֵט; LXX πᾶς ὃς ἂν ἐπικαλέσηται τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου σωθήσεται | यहोवा का नाम लेना…उद्धार पाएगा | Yahovā kā nāma lenā…uddhāra pāegā | CRITICAL | Day of the Lord; cf. baseline Salvation (Critical) | [BASELINE REUSE — उद्धार mandatory; यहोवा new] | Single most important cross-testament consistency checkpoint in this curriculum. NEVER मुक्ति/मोक्ष (per baseline). In Joel itself the referent is यहोवा, not प्रभु; Paul’s application of this verse to Jesus at Romans 10:13 is the apostles’ own deliberate Christological move and must be preserved via translator note, not resolved by silently substituting प्रभु into the Joel text itself. Whatever wording is finalized for Romans 10:13 must be checked against this verse and made identical. |
| 12 | deliverance / those who escape (remnant) | פְלֵיטָה | बचे हुए लोग | bace hue loga | High | Day of the Lord; cf. baseline Election/Remnant | [BASELINE REUSE] | Reuses baseline’s remnant family exactly (Romans 9:27; 11:5 precedent). |
| 13 | survivors whom the LORD calls | וּבַשְּׂרִידִים אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה קֹרֵא | यहोवा ने जिन्हें बुलाया है | Yahovā ne jinheṃ bulāyā hai | High | Day of the Lord; cf. baseline Divine Calling/Effectual Calling | [BASELINE REUSE — बुलाए हुए family] | Deliberate wordplay in Hebrew between human “calling on” YHWH’s name and divine “calling” of the remnant; note the asymmetry (human calling responds to prior divine calling) per baseline’s Effectual Calling doctrine. |
| 14 | Mount Zion and Jerusalem | הַר־צִיּוֹן / יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם | सिय्योन पर्वत, यरूशलेम | Siyyona parvata, Yarūshalema | Low-Medium | Day of the Lord | [NEW — proper names] | Established proper-name forms; flag lightly for a note on later NT typological expansion (Hebrews 12:22) for teaching materials only. |
2. Chapter 1 Terms
| # | English Label | Original (Hebrew) | Hindi Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 | the word of the LORD | דְּבַר־יְהוָה | यहोवा का वचन | Yahovā kā vacana | High | (Inspiration of Scripture, cf. baseline) | [NEW] | Distinguish from Hindu shruti (revelation attained by sage’s meditative insight); this word comes TO the prophet from an external, sovereign God. |
| 16 | Day of the LORD is near (first occurrence) | קָרוֹב יוֹם יְהוָה | यहोवा का दिन निकट है | Yahovā kā dina nikaṭa hai | Critical | The Day of the Lord; The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment | [NEW] | First occurrence establishing the interpretive key for the whole book: the locust plague is a harbinger of the fuller Day. |
| 17 | locust (four Hebrew terms) | הַגָּזָם, הָאַרְבֶּה, הַיֶּלֶק, הֶחָסִיל | टिड्डी (चारों के लिए वर्णनात्मक विशेषणों के साथ) | tiḍḍī | Medium | The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment | [NEW] | Four Hebrew terms likely name developmental stages or pile up rhetorically for total devastation; do not resolve the historical/allegorical-army debate in translated text; note for teaching materials. |
| 18 | mourn / lament / wail | סְפְדוּ, הֵילִילוּ | विलाप करो | vilāpa karo | Low-Medium | The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment | [NEW] | Natural overlap with Indian mourning customs (wailing, torn cloth) is appropriate; ch. 2’s heart/garment contrast later sharpens beyond this. |
| 19 | priests / ministers of the LORD | הַכֹּהֲנִים / מְשָׁרְתֵי יְהוָה | याजक | yājaka | Medium | (supporting term) | [NEW] | Brief note recommended distinguishing OT tribal priestly office (assigned by God to Levi) from caste-linked (Brahmin) priestly categories a reader might otherwise import. |
| 20 | grain offering and drink offering | מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ | अन्नबलि और अर्घ | annabali aura argha | Medium | (supporting term) | [NEW] | Literal OT cultic description; distinct from baseline’s caution on बलि/यज्ञ re: Christ’s self-giving, which does not apply here. |
| 21 | sanctify a fast; solemn assembly | קַדְּשׁוּ־צוֹם / קִרְאוּ עֲצָרָה | उपवास…पवित्र सभा | upavāsa…pavitra sabhā | Medium-High | Repentance and Return to God | [NEW] | Caution per baseline’s elemental_principles/living_sacrifice pattern: Indian व्रत/austerity-as-merit culture could assimilate this into self-generated ritual achievement rather than God-summoned, grace-dependent repentance (clarified later at 2:12-14). |
3. Chapter 2 (vv.1-27) Terms
(vv.28-32 terms are listed in Section 1 above.)
| # | English Label | Original (Hebrew) | Hindi Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 | the LORD’s army (locust-army reinterpreted) | חֵילוֹ | यहोवा की सेना | Yahovā kī senā | Medium-High | The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment | [NEW] | Distinguish from polytheistic myth-battle imagery (e.g., deva-asura warfare); this is the sovereign judicial action of the one true God commanding his own agents. |
| 23 | return / repent (שׁוּב) | שׁוּבוּ | मन फिराव / मन फिराओ | mana phirāva / mana phirāo | High | Repentance and Return to God | [BASELINE REUSE — exact] | Direct doctrinal anchor for this curriculum’s named doctrine “Repentance and Return to God.” Never पश्चाताप (merely felt remorse/performed penance), per baseline. |
| 24 | rend your heart, and not your garments | קִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶם | अपने वस्त्र नहीं, परन्तु अपना हृदय चीर डालो | apane vastra nahīṃ, parantu apanā hṛdaya cīra ḍālo | High | Repentance and Return to God | [NEW] | Sharp internal/external contrast must be preserved intact, not collapsed into generic “repent sincerely” — directly applicable to Indian ritual-mourning/austerity contexts where visible performance could be mistaken for genuine repentance. |
| 25 | gracious and merciful, slow to anger, abounding in steadfast love (חֶסֶד) | חַנּוּן וְרַחוּם…אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד | दयालु और करुणामय…विलम्ब से क्रोध करनेवाला और अटल करुणा में महान | dayālu aura karuṇāmaya…vilamba se krodha karanevālā aura aṭala karuṇā meṃ mahāna | High | Repentance and Return to God | [NEW] | חֶסֶד (covenant-loyal love) has no single perfect Hindi equivalent; keep distinct from अनुग्रह (baseline: grace/unmerited favor) and दया (baseline: mercy/compassion). Recommend अटल करुणा with translator note. |
| 26 | relent / turn from calamity | וְנִחָם עַל־הָרָעָה | अपना मन बदल दे | apanā mana badala de | High | Repentance and Return to God | [NEW] | Distinct from human मन फिराव; follows established Hindi OT convention (cf. Jonah 3:9-10). Must not read as ritual manipulation of God via correct performance (countering transactional bhakti-style misreading); God relents in gracious response to genuine repentance, character unchanged. |
| 27 | the trumpet / shofar | שׁוֹפָר | नरसिंगा / तुरही | narasiṅgā / turahī | Low | (supporting term) | [NEW] | Either rendering acceptable; established Hindi Bible usage. |
| 28 | grain, new wine, and oil | דָּגָן וְתִירוֹשׁ וְיִצְהָר | अन्न, नया दाखरस, और तेल | anna, nayā dākharasa, aura tela | Medium | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Fixed OT covenant-blessing triad; keep materially concrete, not spiritualized away. |
| 29 | you shall know that I am the LORD your God | וִידַעְתֶּם כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם | तुम जान लोगे कि मैं यहोवा तुम्हारा परमेश्वर हूं | tuma jāna loge ki maiṃ Yahovā tumhārā Parameśvara hūṃ | High | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Fixed OT “recognition formula”; render consistently at every recurrence; retain यहोवा alongside परमेश्वर. |
| 30 | never again be put to shame | וְלֹא־יֵבֹשׁוּ עוֹד | लज्जित न होंगे | lajjita na hoṅge | Medium | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Flag per baseline’s honor/shame native-speaker-review routing rule, given acute salience of honor/shame dynamics in Indian society. |
4. Chapter 3 Terms
| # | English Label | Original (Hebrew) | Hindi Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Status | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 | I will enter into judgment with them | וְשָׁפַטְתִּי עִמָּם | उनके साथ न्याय करूंगा | unake sātha nyāya karūṅgā | High | Day of the Lord (judgment on the nations) | [NEW] | न्याय permitted here for judicial “judgment/justice” — a different sense from the baseline’s specific rejection of न्याय as a substitute for धार्मिकता (righteousness); flag note to prevent future confusion between the two uses. |
| 32 | the nations (in judgment context) | הַגּוֹיִם | राष्ट्र-गण / जाति-गण | rāṣṭra-gaṇa / jāti-gaṇa | Medium | Day of the Lord (judgment on the nations) | [NEW — disambiguation flag] | Recommend NOT using अन्यजाति here (baseline’s NT missional/unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles term) to avoid importing a positive connotation into a judgment-oracle context; translator note recommended. |
| 33 | valley of Jehoshaphat / valley of decision | עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט / עֵמֶק הֶחָרוּץ | यहोशापात की तराई / निर्णय की तराई | Yahoshāpāta kī tarāī / nirṇaya kī tarāī | Medium | Day of the Lord (judgment on the nations) | [NEW] | Hebrew wordplay (decision/threshing) untranslatable; note that “Jehoshaphat” itself means “the LORD judges.” |
| 34 | beat your plowshares into swords (Isaiah/Micah reversal) | כֹּתּוּ אִתֵּיכֶם לַחֲרָבוֹת | हल की फालों को तलवारें बनाओ | hala kī phāloṃ ko talavāreṃ banāo | Medium-High | Day of the Lord (judgment on the nations) | [NEW] | Mandatory translator note distinguishing addressees (hostile nations under judgment here vs. God’s own restored people at peace, both within Joel 3 itself) to prevent perceived contradiction with Isaiah 2:4/Micah 4:3. |
| 35 | the LORD roars from Zion | יְהוָה מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג | यहोवा सिय्योन से गरजेगा | Yahovā Siyyona se garjegā | Medium | Day of the Lord | [NEW] | Retain theophanic, judgment-announcing force (cf. Amos 1:2); do not soften into a merely poetic noise-image. |
| 36 | a refuge/stronghold for his people | מָחֲסֶה…וּמָעוֹז | शरणस्थान / दुर्ग | śaraṇasthāna / durga | Medium | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Standard biblical refuge-metaphor; low collision risk. |
| 37 | a fountain from the house of the LORD | וּמַעְיָן מִבֵּית יְהוָה יֵצֵא | यहोवा के भवन से एक सोता निकलेगा | Yahovā ke bhavana se eka sotā nikalegā | High | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Strong parallel to Hindu sacred-river imagery (e.g., Ganga’s sacred source) risks assimilation into sacred-river veneration/ritual-purification concepts. Translator note required: a specific, once-for-all eschatological sign of God’s life-giving presence, not a general template for sacred-river devotion, and not itself an object of worship. |
| 38 | Jerusalem shall be inhabited forever | וִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם לְדוֹר וָדוֹר תֵּשֵׁב | यरूशलेम पीढ़ी-पीढ़ी बनी रहेगी | Yarūshalema pīḍhī-pīḍhī banī rahegī | Low-Medium | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Low collision risk; brief cross-reference to NT New Jerusalem (Revelation 21) recommended for teaching materials. |
| 39 | the LORD dwells in Zion | יְהוָה שֹׁכֵן בְּצִיּוֹן | यहोवा सिय्योन में रहता है | Yahovā Siyyona meṃ rahatā hai | Medium | Restoration and Blessing after Repentance | [NEW] | Flag to prevent pantheistic misreading (diffuse divine presence “in everything,” consonant with immanent-Brahman concepts) vs. the specific, localized, covenantal dwelling-presence intended. |
| 40 | innocent/guiltless blood | דָּם נָקִי | निर्दोष का लोहू | nirdoṣa kā lohū | Low-Medium | Day of the Lord (judgment on the nations) | [NEW] | Standard legal-moral vocabulary; low collision risk. |
5. Proper Names (established forms; low lexical risk, listed for completeness)
| English | Hebrew | Hindi | Transliteration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joel | יוֹאֵל | योएल | Yoela | Book title / prophet’s name |
| Pethuel | פְּתוּאֵל | पतूएल | Patūela | Joel’s father (1:1) |
| Zion | צִיּוֹן | सिय्योन | Siyyona | [BASELINE-ADJACENT] — consistent with baseline’s इस्राएल-family proper-name conventions |
| Jerusalem | יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם | यरूशलेम | Yarūshalema | Established form |
| Judah | יְהוּדָה | यहूदा | Yahūdā | Established form |
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵל | इस्राएल | Isrāela | [BASELINE REUSE — exact] |
| Egypt | מִצְרַיִם | मिस्र | Misra | Established form (3:19) |
| Edom | אֱדוֹם | एदोम | Edoma | Established form (3:19) |
| Tyre | צֹר | सोर | Sora | Established form (3:4) |
| Sidon | צִידוֹן | सैदोन | Saidona | Established form (3:4) |
| Philistia | פְּלֶשֶׁת | पलिश्त | Palishta | Established form (3:4) |
| Sabeans | שְׁבָאִים | शीबाई | Śībāī | 3:8 |
| Greeks | יְוָנִים | यूनानी | Yūnānī | 3:6 |
6. Summary Risk Counts (Joel-specific additions to the Language Package)
| Risk Tier | Count (new/extended terms) | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 5 (Day of the LORD; YHWH divine name; Outpouring of the Spirit; call on the name of the LORD→saved; [Day of the LORD reprises count as same term]) | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | 17 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 14 | Native speaker review (some flagged for theologian escalation where noted) |
| Low / Low-Medium | 5 | Automated / light review |
Pre-flight instruction for Phase 2: all terms marked [BASELINE REUSE] above must be pulled directly from the existing translation_memory.json without modification. All terms marked [NEW] require formal addition to translation_memory.json (with version increment) before any Joel segment translation begins, per the existing AI Translation Requirements’ “new theological term” protocol. The single highest-priority cross-testament checkpoint is term #11 (call on the name of the LORD → shall be saved), which must be locked in exact agreement with the Hindi rendering of Romans 10:13 before this glossary is considered final.
Critical Risk Terms
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhāra
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, छुटकारा (reserved for redemption contexts)
Original: יִמָּלֵט (root מָלַט); LXX σωθήσεται
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER मुक्ति or मोक्ष. JOEL EXTENSION: Joel 2:32 (यहोवा का नाम लेनेवाला…उद्धार पाएगा) is the single most important cross-testament consistency checkpoint in this curriculum, quoted verbatim at Romans 10:13 and Acts 2:21. Whatever Hindi wording is finalized for Romans 10:13 must be checked against this verse and made identical. The referent of ‘the LORD’ inside Joel’s own text is यहोवा, not प्रभु — see yahweh and call_on_the_name_of_the_lord entries.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: Prabhu
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, ईश्वर, यहोवा (inside Joel’s own Hebrew text, except at the deliberate NT-quotation seam)
Original: κύριος (LXX rendering of יְהוָה at the NT-quotation seam, Joel 2:32/Acts 2:21/Romans 10:13)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: प्रभु is used ONLY when documenting or cross-referencing the NT’s deliberate Christological application of Joel 2:32 (Acts 2:21; Romans 10:13) — never as a default substitute inside the Joel translation itself, or the OT/NT seam the apostles intentionally cross is lost. See yahweh entry.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā
Doctrine: The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा, देव-आत्मा, bare आत्मा without a personal/possessive qualifier
Original: רוּחִי (πνεῦμα in LXX/Acts 2:17-18)
Category: Holy Spirit
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: identified as the referent of ‘my Spirit’ (רוּחִי) poured out in Joel 2:28-29 — this curriculum’s flagship doctrine. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence of ‘मेरा आत्मा’ identifying it with पवित्र आत्मा, the personal, distinct third Person of the Trinity, never an impersonal universal Self (paramātman) distributed into many recipients.
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameśvara
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance (recognition formula)
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वर, भगवान
Original: אֱלֹהִים
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: in the recognition formula (‘I am the LORD your God,’ Joel 2:27) परमेश्वर must appear ALONGSIDE, never instead of, यहोवा — the personal covenant name carries the doctrinal weight; परमेश्वर alone would blur the specific covenant-relational claim being pressed.
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord (NT cross-reference only)
Rejected alternatives: ईसा, ईशू
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: included for cross-reference use only at the Joel 2:32/Acts 2:21/Romans 10:13 quotation seam and in teaching materials. यीशु never appears as a substitute rendering inside Joel’s own OT text.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: Masīha
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord (teaching cross-reference)
Rejected alternatives: अभिषिक्त व्यक्ति, देव-दूत
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: not a lexical item within Joel’s Hebrew text itself; retained here for teaching-material cross-references connecting Joel’s Day-of-the-Lord and outpouring promises to their NT messianic fulfillment.
Yahweh
Approved rendering: यहोवा
Transliteration: Yahovā
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord (undergirds all Joel doctrines)
Rejected alternatives: प्रभु (except at the deliberate NT-quotation seam, Joel 2:32/Acts 2:21/Romans 10:13), ईश्वर alone, भगवान
Original: יְהוָה
Category: God
NEW to this Language Package. The personal covenant name of the God of Israel (Exodus 3:14), behind every occurrence of ‘the LORD’ in Joel and behind the technical phrase ‘the Day of the LORD.’ Following established BSI OV Old Testament tradition, render यहोवा throughout Joel. Must never be silently conflated with प्रभु except at the deliberate apostolic quotation seam of 2:32, which requires a mandatory translator note rather than silent substitution. Theologian review required to confirm consistency across the whole book.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: यहोवा का दिन
Transliteration: Yahovā kā dina
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: प्रलय, कयामत का दिन
Original: יוֹם יְהוָה
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Central organizing technical term of the whole book (1:15; 2:1,11,31; 3:14). Must retain its dual judgment-plus-deliverance character at every occurrence. Never glossed with प्रलय (Hindu cyclical dissolution) or कयामत (Islamicate register); this is a unique, linear, historically decisive intervention of a personal covenant God.
Outpouring Of The Spirit
Approved rendering: अपना आत्मा उंडेलना
Transliteration: apanā ātmā uṇḍelanā
Doctrine: The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: bare आत्मा without मेरा/पवित्र qualifier
Original: אֶשְׁפּוֹךְ אֶת־רוּחִי
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW. Flagship promise of the core passage (Joel 2:28-29), cited at Acts 2:17-18. The verb उंडेलना must match the expected Acts 2:17-18 Hindi wording exactly. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence identifying मेरा आत्मा with पवित्र आत्मा, the personal third Person of the Trinity, distributed to distinct persons who remain distinct (they prophesy/dream/see AS THEMSELVES), never a portion of an impersonal universal Self.
Call On The Name Of The Lord
Approved rendering: यहोवा का नाम लेना
Transliteration: Yahovā kā nāma lenā
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: प्रभु का नाम लेना (inside Joel’s own text)
Original: כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרָא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה
Category: Salvation
NEW. Joel 2:32 (כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרָא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה). Render as यहोवा का नाम लेना within Joel’s own text, never प्रभु का नाम — Joel names YHWH specifically; the apostolic identification of Jesus with YHWH at this verse (Acts 2:21; Romans 10:13) is the NT writers’ own deliberate typological move, documented via translator note, not resolved by default substitution. Mandatory theologian review.
High Risk Terms
Repentance
Approved rendering: मन फिराव
Transliteration: mana phirāva
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God
Rejected alternatives: पश्चाताप
Original: שׁוּבוּ (root שׁוּב)
Category: Repentance
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: direct doctrinal anchor of this curriculum’s named doctrine (Joel 2:12-13, שׁוּב). Render मेरी ओर मन फिराओ. This is the single root that does the most theological work per verse of any Joel section (1:2-2:17); never vary the rendering for stylistic reasons across chapters.
Called
Approved rendering: बुलाए हुए
Transliteration: bulāe hue
Doctrine: Effectual Calling of the Remnant
Rejected alternatives: निमंत्रित, आमंत्रित
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: root of the Joel 2:32b construction यहोवा ने जिन्हें बुलाया है (see called_by_the_lord). Context-sensitive per the baseline; in Joel the sense is God’s sovereign, effectual summons of the remnant, never karma-determined destiny.
Calling
Approved rendering: बुलाहट
Transliteration: bulāhaṭ
Doctrine: Effectual Calling of the Remnant
Rejected alternatives: आह्वान
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: noun form retained for teaching-material use alongside called_by_the_lord; not directly lexicalized as a standalone noun in Joel’s own text but useful for doctrine-summary material.
Remnant
Approved rendering: बचे हुए लोग
Transliteration: bace hue loga
Doctrine: Effectual Calling of the Remnant
Inherited from Romans package (Romans 9:27; 11:5 precedent). JOEL EXTENSION: extended by remnant_deliverance (פְלֵיטָה) at Joel 2:32, grounding the universal promise of 2:32a in a concrete, historical, located covenant community.
Election
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर का चुनाव
Transliteration: Parameśvara kā cunāva
Doctrine: Effectual Calling of the Remnant
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य, नियति, किस्मत
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: undergirds the asymmetry in Joel 2:32b (those who call on YHWH’s name are themselves the ones YHWH has called) — God’s sovereign, personal choice, never karma-determined fate.
Providence
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर का विधान
Transliteration: Parameśvara kā vidhāna
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य, कर्म का नियम
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: God’s personal, purposive governance underlies both the sending of the locust plague/army (2:1-11) and the nations’ fate (ch.3); never भाग्य or karma-law framing.
Sovereignty
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर की संप्रभुता
Transliteration: Parameśvara kī samprabhutā
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य, नियति
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: God’s personal rule stands behind ‘the LORD’s army’ (lords_army) and the Day of the Lord; never impersonal fate/karma.
Wrath Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर का क्रोध
Transliteration: Parameśvara kā krodha
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord; The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment; God’s Judgment on the Nations
Rejected alternatives: बदला
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: God’s settled, righteous, judicial judgment — never personal revenge (बदला) or capricious anger — grounds the locust plague, the Day of the Lord, and the judgment on the nations (ch.3) alike.
Worship
Approved rendering: आराधना
Transliteration: ārādhanā
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Rejected alternatives: पूजा
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: NEVER पूजा. Calling on YHWH’s name (Joel 2:32) and the corporate fast/assembly (1:14; 2:15-16) are acts of आराधना directed to the living God, not ritual-offering transactions.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāpa
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God; The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म, अशुद्धता
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: covenant unfaithfulness (not ritual impurity or bad karma) is the presupposed basis for both the locust plague’s judgment and the call to मन फिराव.
Covenant
Approved rendering: वाचा
Transliteration: vācā
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance; God’s Judgment on the Nations
Rejected alternatives: अनुबंध, समझौता
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: undergirds the fixed covenant-blessing triad (grain_new_wine_oil) and the covenant-lawsuit basis for the nations’ judgment in ch.3 (cf. Deuteronomy 28).
Grace
Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: The Character of God (contrast term)
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, दया, वरदान, भाग्य, कर्म-फल, पुण्य
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL CAUTION: अनुग्रह is NEVER used for Joel 2:13’s חֶסֶד (see gracious_merciful_steadfast_love) — חֶסֶד names covenant-loyalty, a narrower category than the NT’s salvific अनुग्रह, and the two must not be conflated.
Cosmic Darkening Signs
Approved rendering: सूर्य अन्धियारा हो जाएगा, और चांद लोहू के समान हो जाएगा
Transliteration: sūrya andhiyārā ho jāegā, cānda lohū ke samāna ho jāegā
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ יֵהָפֵךְ לְחֹשֶׁךְ וְהַיָּרֵחַ לְדָם
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Joel 2:10,31. Prophetic-apocalyptic idiom for creation’s shaking at the Day of the Lord’s approach, not literal astronomy. Must not be assimilated to Hindu cyclical cosmology (pralaya/kalpa-yuga dissolution). Must match Acts 2:20’s expected Hindi wording per the baseline’s cross-document shared-citation rule.
Wonders Signs
Approved rendering: अद्भुत चिन्ह
Transliteration: adbhuta cinha
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: चमत्कार
Original: מוֹפְתִים
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Joel 2:30 (מוֹפְתִים). NEVER चमत्कार — carries a guru/deity transactional-miracle connotation in popular Hindi usage. These are unilateral, judicial, self-authenticating eschatological signs from the sovereign God, not devotional demonstrations sought by worshippers.
All Flesh
Approved rendering: सब मनुष्यों पर
Transliteration: saba manuṣyoṃ para
Doctrine: The Universal Social Scope of the Spirit’s Outpouring
Rejected alternatives: शरीर
Original: כׇּל־בָּשָׂר
Category: Church
NEW. Joel 2:28 (כׇּל־בָּשָׂר). NEVER शरीर (reserved by baseline for technical Pauline sarx); follows the baseline’s own idiom-precedent (πᾶσα σάρξ = ‘no human being’ → कोई प्राणी नहीं). A social-universality statement (age/sex/class), never a cosmic/ontological one about all matter receiving a diffuse spirit.
Prophesy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी करना
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī karanā
Doctrine: The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
Original: יִנָּבְאוּ (root נָבָא)
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW (verb form of the baseline’s भविष्यवाणी noun). Joel 2:28: sons AND daughters shall prophesy. The doctrinally significant element is gender-inclusive access to Spirit-given speech; flag for native speaker review to ensure this force is not inadvertently softened.
Visions
Approved rendering: दर्शन
Transliteration: darśana
Doctrine: The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
Original: חֶזְיֹנוֹת יִרְאוּ
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW — CROWDED TERM. Joel 2:28 (חֶזְיֹנוֹת). दर्शन is the natural Hindi word but directly collides with the Galatians baseline’s explicit rejection of दर्शन for ‘revelation’ (devotee-attained visionary sight through religious merit). If retained (likely established BSI usage at this verse and Acts 2:17), MUST carry a mandatory translator note distinguishing God-initiated, sovereignly granted revelatory sight from devotionally-attained darshan. Theologian review required at every occurrence.
Male And Female Servants
Approved rendering: दास और दासी
Transliteration: dāsa aura dāsī
Doctrine: The Universal Social Scope of the Spirit’s Outpouring
Original: הָעֲבָדִים וְהַשְּׁפָחוֹת
Category: Church
NEW — extends the baseline’s दासत्व/दास family (Galatians extension). Joel 2:29 (הָעֲבָדִים וְהַשְּׁפָחוֹת). This is among the most contextually powerful verses for an Indian audience: it directly confronts caste-based and class-based restriction of access to the sacred, structurally identical in force to Galatians 3:28. Render unqualified; cross-reference the Galatians unity_in_christ entry in teaching materials.
Remnant Deliverance
Approved rendering: बचे हुए लोग
Transliteration: bace hue loga
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord
Original: פְלֵיטָה
Category: Salvation
NEW — reuses the baseline’s remnant family exactly (Romans 9:27; 11:5 precedent). Joel 2:32 (פְלֵיטָה). Grounds the universal principle of 2:32a in an actual, located covenant community (Zion/Jerusalem).
Called By The Lord
Approved rendering: यहोवा ने जिन्हें बुलाया है
Transliteration: Yahovā ne jinheṃ bulāyā hai
Doctrine: Effectual Calling of the Remnant
Original: וּבַשְּׂרִידִים אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה קֹרֵא
Category: Salvation
NEW — reuses the baseline’s बुलाए हुए exactly. Joel 2:32 (וּבַשְּׂרִידִים אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה קֹרֵא). Deliberate Hebrew wordplay against ‘calling on YHWH’s name’ earlier in the same verse; translator note required distinguishing the asymmetry — human calling responds to and depends on prior divine calling, matching the baseline’s Effectual Calling doctrine (Romans 8:28-30).
Word Of The Lord
Approved rendering: यहोवा का वचन
Transliteration: Yahovā kā vacana
Doctrine: Inspiration of the Prophetic Word
Original: דְּבַר־יְהוָה
Category: Prophecy
NEW. Joel 1:1 (דְּבַר־יְהוָה). Must be distinguished from the Hindu concept of shruti (revelation ‘heard’ by sages through their own meditative attainment); this word comes TO the prophet from an external, sovereign, personal God, not through the prophet’s own contemplative achievement.
Lords Army
Approved rendering: यहोवा की सेना
Transliteration: Yahovā kī senā
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Original: חֵילוֹ
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 2:11 (חֵילוֹ). Flag for a teaching note distinguishing this monotheistic divine-command framework from polytheistic myth-battle imagery (e.g., deva-asura warfare narratives); this is the sovereign judicial action of the one true God commanding his own agents, not autonomous nature or automatic karma.
Sanctify Fast Solemn Assembly
Approved rendering: उपवास…पवित्र सभा
Transliteration: upavāsa…pavitra sabhā
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God
Original: קַדְּשׁוּ־צוֹם קִרְאוּ עֲצָרָה
Category: Repentance
NEW. Joel 1:14; 2:15-16 (קַדְּשׁוּ־צוֹם קִרְאוּ עֲצָרָה). Caution per the baseline’s elemental_principles/living_sacrifice pattern: Indian व्रत/austerity-as-merit culture could assimilate this into self-generated ritual achievement rather than God-summoned, grace-dependent repentance (clarified at 2:12-14). Mandatory translator note tying the fast back to the heart-priority of 2:13.
Rend Heart Not Garments
Approved rendering: अपने वस्त्र नहीं, परन्तु अपना हृदय चीर डालो
Transliteration: apane vastra nahīṃ, parantu apanā hṛdaya cīra ḍālo
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God
Original: קִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶם
Category: Repentance
NEW. Joel 2:13 (קִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶם). The sharpest internal/external contrast in the book; must not be collapsed into generic ‘repent sincerely.’ Directly relevant to Indian ritual-mourning/austerity contexts where visible performance could be mistaken for genuine repentance.
Gracious Merciful Steadfast Love
Approved rendering: दयालु और करुणामय, विलम्ब से क्रोध करनेवाला और अटल करुणा में महान
Transliteration: dayālu aura karuṇāmaya, vilamba se krodha karanevālā aura aṭala karuṇā meṃ mahāna
Doctrine: The Character of God: Gracious, Merciful, and Abounding in Steadfast Love
Rejected alternatives: अनुग्रह (reserved for salvific grace), दया alone (insufficient for covenant-loyalty nuance)
Original: חַנּוּן וְרַחוּם אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד
Category: God
NEW. Joel 2:13 (Exodus 34:6-7 formula). חֶסֶד has no single Hindi equivalent; kept distinct from both अनुग्रह and दया. अटल करुणा (‘unfailing/steadfast compassion’) approximates but does not equate to חֶסֶד — mandatory translator note required. Theologian review recommended given doctrinal density.
Relent From Calamity
Approved rendering: अपना मन बदल दे
Transliteration: apanā mana badala de
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God; The Character of God
Rejected alternatives: पश्चाताप
Original: וְנִחָם עַל־הָרָעָה
Category: God
NEW. Joel 2:13-14 (וְנִחָם עַל־הָרָעָה). Follows established Hindi OT convention (cf. Jonah 3:9-10). Distinct from human मन फिराव. Must not read as ritual manipulation of God through correct performance (countering transactional bhakti-style misreading) — God relents in gracious, character-consistent response to genuine repentance.
Recognition Formula
Approved rendering: तुम जान लोगे कि मैं यहोवा तुम्हारा परमेश्वर हूं
Transliteration: tuma jāna loge ki maiṃ Yahovā tumhārā Parameśvara hūṃ
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: וִידַעְתֶּם כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 2:27 (וִידַעְתֶּם כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם). Fixed, recurring OT formula; render consistently at every occurrence, retaining यहोवा alongside परमेश्वर — the personal name, not merely the generic title, carries the relational point.
Judgment On The Nations
Approved rendering: उनके साथ न्याय करूंगा
Transliteration: unake sātha nyāya karūṅgā
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations
Original: וְשָׁפַטְתִּי עִמָּם
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 3:2 (וְשָׁפַטְתִּי עִמָּם). न्याय is permitted here in its ordinary judicial sense — distinct from the baseline’s specific rejection of न्याय as a substitute for धार्मिकता (righteousness). Translator note recommended to prevent future confusion between these two uses.
Plowshares Into Swords
Approved rendering: हल की फालों को तलवारें बनाओ
Transliteration: hala kī phāloṃ ko talavāreṃ banāo
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations
Original: כֹּתּוּ אִתֵּיכֶם לַחֲרָבוֹת
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 3:10 (כֹּתּוּ אִתֵּיכֶם לַחֲרָבוֹת). Deliberate rhetorical inversion of Isaiah 2:4/Micah 4:3. Mandatory translator note distinguishing addressees (hostile nations under judgment here vs. God’s own restored people promised peace, both within Joel 3 itself) to prevent a perceived scriptural contradiction.
Fountain From House Of The Lord
Approved rendering: यहोवा के भवन से एक सोता निकलेगा
Transliteration: Yahovā ke bhavana se eka sotā nikalegā
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: וּמַעְיָן מִבֵּית יְהוָה יֵצֵא
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 3:18 (וּמַעְיָן מִבֵּית יְהוָה יֵצֵא; cf. Ezekiel 47; Revelation 22:1-2). Strong parallel to Hindu sacred-river geography (e.g., Ganga’s sacred source) risks assimilation into sacred-river veneration/ritual-purification concepts. Mandatory translator note: a specific, once-for-all eschatological sign of God’s own life-giving presence, not a template for sacred-river devotion; the fountain is never itself an object of worship.
Medium Risk Terms
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: The Character of God: Gracious, Merciful, and Abounding in Steadfast Love
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: contributes to but does NOT alone translate the Joel 2:13 divine-attribute formula’s חֶסֶד (covenant-loyal steadfast love); see the dedicated gracious_merciful_steadfast_love entry, which uses अटल करुणा rather than दया alone for that specific nuance.
Kindness Of God
Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: The Character of God: Gracious, Merciful, and Abounding in Steadfast Love
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: कृपा is permitted for general kindness/favor contexts per the baseline, but is NOT used for Joel 2:13’s חֶסֶד, which requires the fuller अटल करुणा construction (see gracious_merciful_steadfast_love) to preserve the covenant-loyalty nuance.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: अन्यजाति
Transliteration: anyajāti
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations (contrast term)
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL CAUTION: do NOT use अन्यजाति for הַגּוֹיִם (‘the nations’) in Joel 3’s judgment-oracle context — that positive NT missional/unity connotation is inappropriate there. See the new term the_nations_goyim, which uses राष्ट्र-गण instead.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Isrāela
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: Joel’s covenant people; note that Joel 3 often speaks more specifically of Judah and Jerusalem, which are separate proper-name entries below.
Valley Of Decision Jehoshaphat
Approved rendering: यहोशापात की तराई
Transliteration: Yahoshāpāta kī tarāī
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations
Original: עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט / עֵמֶק הֶחָרוּץ
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Joel 3:2,12,14. Transliterate the proper name; render the wordplay-name separately as निर्णय की तराई (‘valley of decision’) with a translator note that the Hebrew decision/threshing wordplay cannot be carried into Hindi, and that ‘Jehoshaphat’ itself means ‘the LORD judges.‘
Dream Dreams
Approved rendering: स्वप्न देखेंगे
Transliteration: svapna dekheṅge
Doctrine: The Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
Original: חֲלֹמוֹת יַחֲלֹמוּ
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW. Joel 2:28. God-given revelatory dreams, not fate-omens requiring a specialist’s ritual decoding (contrast India’s popular svapna-shastra dream-omen tradition). Brief translator note recommended.
Mount Zion And Jerusalem
Approved rendering: सिय्योन पर्वत, यरूशलेम
Transliteration: Siyyona parvata, Yarūshalema
Doctrine: Salvation Through Calling on the Name of the Lord
Original: בְּהַר־צִיּוֹן וּבִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם
Category: Covenant
NEW — established proper names. Joel 2:32. Flag for a brief translator note on the later NT typological expansion to the church (Hebrews 12:22), to prevent an overly literalistic, geography-only reading.
Locust Plague
Approved rendering: टिड्डी
Transliteration: tiḍḍī
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Original: הַגָּזָם, הָאַרְבֶּה, הַיֶּלֶק, הֶחָסִיל
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 1:4 (four Hebrew terms: הַגָּזָם, הָאַרְבֶּה, הַיֶּלֶק, הֶחָסִיל). Use a single standard word for all four occurrences, with descriptive qualifiers if the fourfold escalation is to be preserved. Avoid resolving the historical-agricultural/allegorical-army interpretive debate within the translated text itself; note as an open question for teaching materials.
Priests Ministers
Approved rendering: याजक
Transliteration: yājaka
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Original: הַכֹּהֲנִים / מְשָׁרְתֵי יְהוָה
Category: Church
NEW. Joel 1:9,13; 2:17. Established term; flag lightly since India’s caste-linked priestly (Brahmin) categories could color a reader’s mental image. Brief note recommended clarifying OT priesthood is a specific covenant office assigned to one tribe (Levi), not an inherited caste rank.
Grain Offering Drink Offering
Approved rendering: अन्नबलि और अर्घ
Transliteration: annabali aura argha
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Original: מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ
Category: Church
NEW. Joel 1:9,13; 2:14 (מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ). Literal OT cultic description; distinct from the baseline’s caution on बलि/यज्ञ regarding Christ’s self-giving, which does not apply to this historical description.
Grain New Wine Oil
Approved rendering: अन्न, नया दाखरस, और तेल
Transliteration: anna, nayā dākharasa, aura tela
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: דָּגָן וְתִירוֹשׁ וְיִצְהָר
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 2:19,24 (דָּגָן וְתִירוֹשׁ וְיִצְהָר). Fixed OT covenant-blessing triad; keep materially concrete, not spiritualized away — the passage’s rhetorical force depends on real agricultural restoration.
Never Again Shame
Approved rendering: लज्जित न होंगे
Transliteration: lajjita na hoṅge
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: וְלֹא־יֵבֹשׁוּ עוֹד
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 2:26-27 (וְלֹא־יֵבֹשׁוּ עוֹד). Flag per the baseline’s honor/shame native-speaker-review routing rule; the promise’s force depends on this resonance, not a flattened emotional statement.
The Nations Goyim
Approved rendering: राष्ट्र-गण
Transliteration: rāṣṭra-gaṇa
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations
Rejected alternatives: अन्यजाति (reserved for the NT’s positive missional/unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles term)
Original: הַגּוֹיִם
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 3:2,9,11-12 (הַגּוֹיִם). Do not use अन्यजाति here — it would import the NT’s positive welcoming connotation into a judgment-oracle context. Translator note recommended explaining OT ‘the nations’ is a broader category than the NT unity-doctrine term.
Lord Roars From Zion
Approved rendering: यहोवा सिय्योन से गरजेगा
Transliteration: Yahovā Siyyona se garjegā
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord; God’s Dwelling Presence in Zion
Original: יְהוָה מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג
Category: God
NEW. Joel 3:16 (יְהוָה מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג; cf. Amos 1:2). Retain theophanic, judgment-announcing force; do not soften into a merely poetic noise-image.
Refuge Stronghold
Approved rendering: शरणस्थान
Transliteration: śaraṇasthāna
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: מָחֲסֶה…וּמָעוֹז
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 3:16 (מָחֲסֶה…וּמָעוֹז). Standard, low-collision biblical refuge-metaphor vocabulary; Israel’s security rests entirely in YHWH’s protective presence, not military strength or ritual power.
Lord Dwells In Zion
Approved rendering: यहोवा सिय्योन में रहता है
Transliteration: Yahovā Siyyona meṃ rahatā hai
Doctrine: God’s Dwelling Presence in Zion
Original: יְהוָה שֹׁכֵן בְּצִיּוֹן
Category: God
NEW. Joel 3:17,21 (יְהוָה שֹׁכֵן בְּצִיּוֹן). Flag to prevent a pantheistic misreading (diffuse divine presence ‘in everything,’ consonant with immanent-Brahman concepts); this is specific, localized, covenantal dwelling-presence, not universal immanence.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy (teaching cross-reference)
Rejected alternatives: भविष्यफल
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: noun base for the verb form used at Joel 2:28 — see prophesy entry for the verb rendering भविष्यवाणी करना.
Prophet
Approved rendering: भविष्यद्वक्ता
Transliteration: bhaviṣyadvaktā
Doctrine: Inspiration of the Prophetic Word
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषी
Original: נָבִיא
Category: Prophecy
Inherited from Romans package. JOEL EXTENSION: Joel himself, נָבִיא (Joel 1:1). Do not confuse with an astrologer or fortune-teller; God’s spokesperson, not a diviner of omens.
Mourn Lament
Approved rendering: विलाप करो
Transliteration: vilāpa karo
Doctrine: The Locust Plague as Divine Judgment
Original: סְפְדוּ, הֵילִילוּ
Category: Repentance
NEW. Joel 1:5,8,13 (סְפְדוּ, הֵילִילוּ). Natural Hindi mourning vocabulary with appropriate cultural resonance; chapter 2’s later heart/garment contrast (rend_heart_not_garments) must be allowed to sharpen beyond this chapter’s merely external lament.
Trumpet Shofar
Approved rendering: नरसिंगा
Transliteration: narasiṅgā
Doctrine: Repentance and Return to God; The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: तुरही (also acceptable)
Original: שׁוֹפָר
Category: Prophecy
NEW. Joel 2:1,15 (שׁוֹפָר). Either rendering acceptable; established in Hindi Bible usage. Sounds both the alarm of the Day of the Lord and the summons to fast/assembly.
Innocent Blood
Approved rendering: निर्दोष का लोहू
Transliteration: nirdoṣa kā lohū
Doctrine: God’s Judgment on the Nations
Original: דָּם נָקִי
Category: Judgment
NEW. Joel 3:19 (דָּם נָקִי). Standard legal-moral vocabulary; grounds the judgment oracle in a specific moral-legal charge, not arbitrary or ethnic basis.
Jerusalem Inhabited Forever
Approved rendering: यरूशलेम पीढ़ी-पीढ़ी बनी रहेगी
Transliteration: Yarūshalema pīḍhī-pīḍhī banī rahegī
Doctrine: Restoration and Blessing after Repentance
Original: וִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם לְדוֹר וָדוֹר תֵּשֵׁב
Category: Covenant
NEW. Joel 3:20 (וִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם לְדוֹר וָדוֹר תֵּשֵׁב). Standard covenant-permanence formula; low collision risk. Brief cross-reference to the NT’s New Jerusalem (Revelation 21) recommended for teaching materials only.
Joel Prophet
Approved rendering: योएल
Transliteration: Yoela
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Book title / prophet’s own name (Joel 1:1). Established transliteration.
Pethuel
Approved rendering: पतूएल
Transliteration: Patūela
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Joel’s father (Joel 1:1). Established transliteration.
Zion
Approved rendering: सिय्योन
Transliteration: Siyyona
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW — baseline-adjacent, consistent with the baseline’s इस्राएल-family proper-name conventions. Joel 2:1,15,32; 3:16-17,21.
Jerusalem
Approved rendering: यरूशलेम
Transliteration: Yarūshalema
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form throughout Joel (2:32; 3:1,6,17,20).
Judah
Approved rendering: यहूदा
Transliteration: Yahūdā
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:1,6,8,19-20).
Egypt
Approved rendering: मिस्र
Transliteration: Misra
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:19).
Edom
Approved rendering: एदोम
Transliteration: Edoma
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:19).
Tyre
Approved rendering: सोर
Transliteration: Sora
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:4).
Sidon
Approved rendering: सैदोन
Transliteration: Saidona
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:4).
Philistia
Approved rendering: पलिश्त
Transliteration: Palishta
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:4).
Sabeans
Approved rendering: शीबाई
Transliteration: Śībāī
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:8).
Greeks
Approved rendering: यूनानी
Transliteration: Yūnānī
Doctrine: Proper name
NEW. Established form (Joel 3:6).
Referenced passages