Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Jude (English/Greek → Hindi)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering the entire book of Jude (a single chapter, 1:1-25). Terms marked TM: reused are fixed exactly as recorded in the baseline Romans/Galatians translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json and MUST NOT be altered. Terms marked TM: new are proposed additions for this curriculum’s translation memory, with risk tiers assigned using the same Critical/High/Medium/Low framework as the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json.
Risk tier definitions (reused from baseline): Critical = mistranslation destroys/alters essential doctrine, theologian review every occurrence. High = significant theological confusion/syncretism risk, theologian review required. Medium = clarity-reducing but meaning-preserving, native speaker review recommended. Low = minor imprecision, automated review sufficient.
Glossary Table
| Term (English) | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Hindi rendering | TM status | Risk | Doctrine | Verse(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beloved (address) | ἀγαπητοί | agapētoi | प्रिय | TM: new | Low | General address | 1:3, 1:17, 1:20 | Standard epistolary term of affection; no collision. |
| common salvation | κοινῆς σωτηρίας | koinēs sōtērias | समान उद्धार | उद्धार TM: reused (Critical); समान new | High | Salvation | 1:3 | उद्धार never मुक्ति/मोक्ष; “common” stresses shared, not gradated, salvation. |
| contend earnestly (for the faith) | ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι | epagōnizesthai | विश्वास के लिये प्राणपण से यत्न करना | TM: new | Critical | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | 1:3 | Book’s thesis verb; must retain vigorous-contest imagery without softening. |
| once for all delivered | ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ | hapax paradotheisē | जो एक ही बार सौंपा गया | TM: new | Critical | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | 1:3 | Closed, fixed deposit; must not permit an ongoing-revelation/guru-lineage reading. |
| saints | ἁγίοις | hagiois | पवित्र जन | TM: reused | High | Sainthood | 1:3 | Never संत (ascetic elite). |
| faith | πίστις | pistis | विश्वास | TM: reused | High | Faith / Contending for the Faith | 1:3, 1:5, 1:20 | In 1:3, 1:20 leans toward the objective body of doctrine entrusted, not only personal trust; context must clarify. |
| crept in unnoticed | παρεισέδυσαν | pareisedysan | गुप्त रूप से घुस आए हैं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4 | Covert infiltration, not open arrival. |
| designated beforehand for condemnation | προγεγραμμένοι εἰς τοῦτο τὸ κρίμα | progegrammenoi eis touto to krima | जो पहले से इस दण्ड के लिये ठहराए गए थे | Modeled on TM: reused predestination/condemnation | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4 | Auto-escalation trigger per baseline election/predestination rule; never भाग्य/नियति/किस्मत. |
| ungodly | ἀσεβεῖς / ἀσέβεια | asebeis / asebeia | अभक्त / अभक्ति | TM: new | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4, 1:15 (×4), 1:18 | Never अधर्मी (retains forbidden धर्म morpheme); never पापी alone (too generic). Reverence-deficiency, not generic sin. |
| grace (perverted to licentiousness) | χάριν…εἰς ἀσέλγειαν | charin…eis aselgeian | अनुग्रह को लुचपन में बदल देना | अनुग्रह TM: reused (Critical); लुचपन new | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers / Grace | 1:4 | Grace/works-adjacent auto-escalation trigger; अनुग्रह never कृपा here. |
| only Sovereign and Lord | τὸν μόνον δεσπότην καὶ κύριον | ton monon despotēn kai kyrion | हमारे एकमात्र स्वामी और प्रभु | प्रभु TM: reused (Critical); स्वामी new (distinct Greek term δεσπότης, not a κύριος substitution) | Critical | Lordship of Christ (baseline) / Contending for the Faith | 1:4 | एकमात्र (“only”) must not be dropped — exclusivity claim against religious pluralism. |
| deny | ἀρνούμενοι | arnoumenoi | अस्वीकार करते हुए / इन्कार करते हुए | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4 | Practical, not only verbal, denial. |
| remind | ὑπομνῆσαι | hypomnēsai | स्मरण कराना | TM: new | Low | General | 1:5 | Appeal to shared prior knowledge. |
| saved (historical rescue) | σώσας | sōsas | बचाया | उद्धार-family, TM: reused root (Critical) | Critical | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel) | 1:5 | Never मुक्ति/मोक्ष-adjacent; historical divine rescue. |
| destroyed those who did not believe | τοὺς μὴ πιστεύσαντας ἀπώλεσεν | tous mē pisteusantas apōlesen | जो विश्वास नहीं लाए उन्हें नाश कर दिया | विश्वास TM: reused (High) | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel) | 1:5 | Faith/judgment link must stay explicit. |
| angels | ἀγγέλους | angelous | स्वर्गदूत | TM: new | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:6 | Distinct from Hindu देवता (demigods); created, personal, subordinate spirit-beings. |
| own domain/position | τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχήν | tēn heautōn archēn | अपना पद | TM: new | Medium-High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:6 | Divinely-assigned rank abandoned, not neutral “place.” |
| proper dwelling | τὸ ἴδιον οἰκητήριον | to idion oikētērion | अपना निज निवास-स्थान | TM: new | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:6 | |
| eternal bonds / under darkness | δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις…ὑπὸ ζόφον | desmois aïdiois…hypo zophon | अनन्त बन्धनों में अंधकार के नीचे | अनन्त, अंधकार TM: reused morphemes | Medium-High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:6 | Fixedness must not suggest temporary purgation. |
| kept (τηρέω anchor verb) | τηρέω (various forms) | tēreō | रखा जाना / रखना | TM: new — proposed anchor rendering | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:1, 1:6, 1:13, 1:21, 1:24 | STRUCTURAL SPINE of the letter (inclusio). Must render identically at every occurrence — believers kept for Christ (1:1), angels kept for judgment (1:6), darkness kept for wandering stars (1:13), believers commanded to keep themselves (1:21), God able to keep believers (1:24). |
| judgment (κρίσις, process/day) | κρίσις | krisis | न्याय | TM: new | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:6, 1:9, 1:15 | Distinct from baseline Critical condemnation (दण्ड की आज्ञा), which names a specific verdict; न्याय names the judicial day/process. |
| Sodom and Gomorrah | Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα | Sodoma kai Gomorra | सदोम और गमोरा | TM: new | Low | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | Proper names, established transliteration. |
| gross sexual immorality | ἐκπορνεύσασαι | ekporneusasai | व्यभिचार में लिप्त होकर | TM: new | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | |
| strange flesh | σαρκὸς ἑτέρας | sarkos heteras | दूसरे प्रकार के शरीर की ओर लालसा | शरीर TM: reused (High) w/ new modifier | Medium-High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | Concrete-sexual sense, not the Pauline flesh/Spirit antithesis; flag for theologian + native speaker review (sexual ethics, honor/shame). |
| example (of judgment) | δεῖγμα | deigma | चेतावनी का उदाहरण | TM: new | Low-Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | |
| eternal fire | πυρὸς αἰωνίου | pyros aiōniou | अनन्त आग | अनन्त TM: reused morpheme | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) / Judgment | 1:7 | Never नरक (implies temporary, karma-exhaustion hell in popular usage); must be fixed, final judgment. |
| undergoing punishment | δίκην ὑπέχουσαι | dikēn hypechousai | दण्ड भोगते हुए | TM: new | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | |
| dreamers (false visionary claim) | ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι | enypniazomenoi | स्वप्न देखनेवाले | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:8 | Must read as a false claim to revelation, not legitimate dream-revelation. |
| defile the flesh | σάρκα μιαίνουσιν | sarka miainousin | शरीर को अशुद्ध करते हैं | शरीर TM: reused (High) | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:8 | Same concrete-sexual flesh-sense guardrail as 1:7. |
| reject authority | κυριότητα ἀθετοῦσιν | kyriotēta athetousin | अधिकार को तुच्छ जानते हैं | TM: new | High | Lordship of Christ (baseline) | 1:8 | Shares κύριος root; connects to Lordship theme. |
| revile glorious ones | δόξας βλασφημοῦσιν | doxas blasphēmousin | महिमावन्तों की निन्दा करते हैं | महिमा TM: reused (High) | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:8 | Referent (angelic beings) exegetically debated; flag for theologian review. |
| Michael the archangel | Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος | Michaēl ho archangelos | मीखाएल महादूत / प्रधान स्वर्गदूत | TM: new | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:9 | Proper name + established rank-title. |
| the devil | ὁ διάβολος | ho diabolos | शैतान | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:9 | Personal fallen being; distinguish from generic “asura” categories. |
| dispute/contend | διακρινόμενος διελέγετο | diakrinomenos dielegeto | विवाद करते हुए वाद-विवाद किया | TM: new | Medium | — | 1:9 | |
| body of Moses | Μωϋσέως σώματος | Mōuseōs sōmatos | मूसा का शरीर | मूसा TM: reused (proper name) | Medium | — | 1:9 | Requires OT/intertestamental background gloss. |
| did not dare bring a reviling accusation | οὐκ ἐτόλμησεν κρίσιν ἐπενεγκεῖν βλασφημίας | ouk etolmēsen krisin epenegkein blasphēmias | निन्दा भरा दण्ड सुनाने का साहस न किया | TM: new | Medium-High | — | 1:9 | Restraint-motif, contrast to false teachers. |
| the Lord rebuke you | Ἐπιτιμήσαι σοι κύριος | Epitimēsai soi kyrios | प्रभु तुझे डांटे | प्रभु TM: reused (Critical) | Medium | Lordship of Christ (baseline) | 1:9 | Established idiomatic form. |
| unreasoning animals | ἄλογα ζῷα | aloga zōa | अबोध पशु | TM: new | Low-Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:10 | |
| understand by natural instinct | φυσικῶς ἐπίστανται | physikōs epistantai | स्वाभाविक वृत्ति से जानते हैं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:10 | |
| are destroyed/corrupted | φθείρονται | phtheirontai | नाश हो जाते हैं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:10 | |
| woe | οὐαὶ | ouai | हाय / धिक्कार है | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:11 | Formal prophetic judgment-oracle, not mild pity. |
| way of Cain | τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν | tē hodō tou Kaïn | कैन की चाल/मार्ग | TM: new (proper name established) | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types | 1:11 | Needs OT background gloss (Genesis 4). |
| error of Balaam (for profit) | τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ…μισθοῦ | tē planē tou Balaam…misthou | बलाम की भूल…लाभ के लिये | TM: new (proper name established) | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types | 1:11 | Needs OT background gloss (Numbers 22-24, 31). |
| rebellion of Korah | τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε | tē antilogia tou Korē | कोरह का विरोध/बलवा | TM: new (proper name established) | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types | 1:11 | Needs OT background gloss (Numbers 16). |
| perished | ἀπώλοντο | apōlonto | नाश हो गए | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:11 | |
| love feasts | ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις | en tais agapais | प्रेम-भोज | TM: new | Medium | Church as God’s People (baseline-adjacent) | 1:12 | Distinguish from Hindu ritual community-feast/prasad associations. |
| hidden reefs / blemishes | σπιλάδες | spilades | छिपी हुई चट्टानें | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:12 | Lexical ambiguity (reefs vs. blemishes) recorded as alternatives_considered. |
| shepherding themselves | ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες | heautous poimainontes | अपने ही आपको चरानेवाले | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:12 | Inverted shepherd-image. |
| waterless clouds / fruitless trees, twice dead, uprooted | νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι, δένδρα ἄκαρπα, δὶς ἀποθανόντα ἐκριζωθέντα | nephelai anydroi, dendra akarpa, dis apothanonta ekrizōthenta | जल रहित बादल…निष्फल वृक्ष, दो बार मरे हुए, जड़ से उखड़े हुए | TM: new | Low-Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:12 | Contrast (not confusion) with baseline fruit_of_the_spirit फल-family imagery. |
| wild sea-waves foaming shame | κύματα ἄγρια θαλάσσης ἐπαφρίζοντα τὰς ἑαυτῶν αἰσχύνας | kymata agria thalassēs epaphrizonta tas heautōn aischynas | समुद्र की उग्र लहरें, जो अपनी लज्जा को झाग के रूप में उछालती हैं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:13 | Honor/shame dynamics; flag for native speaker review. |
| wandering stars | ἀστέρες πλανῆται | asteres planētai | भटकते हुए तारे | TM: new | Low-Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:13 | |
| darkness kept/reserved forever | ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους εἰς αἰῶνα τετήρηται | ho zophos tou skotous eis aiōna tetērētai | अंधकार का घोर अंधेरा उनके लिये सदा के लिये रखा गया है | अंधकार reused morpheme; रखा-family verb (see anchor entry) | Critical | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers / Kept by God (structural inversion) | 1:13 | Must use same कept-verb family as 1:1, 1:6, 1:21, 1:24. |
| Enoch, seventh from Adam | Ἑνὼχ ἕβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδὰμ | Henōch hebdomos apo Adam | हनोक, जो आदम से सातवीं पीढ़ी में था | TM: new (proper names established) | High | Inspiration of Scripture (baseline) | 1:14 | Flag for theologian review — citation of extra-canonical 1 Enoch material; does not canonize the source-book. |
| prophesied | Ἐπροφήτευσεν | eprophēteusen | भविष्यवाणी की | TM: reused | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy (baseline) | 1:14 | |
| the Lord came with his holy ten-thousands | ἦλθεν κύριος ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ | ēlthen kyrios en hagiais myriasin autou | प्रभु अपने पवित्र जनों/दूतों की अनगिनत भीड़ के साथ आया | प्रभु, पवित्र TM: reused (Critical/High) | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:14 | Eschatological judgment-coming scene; theologian review. |
| execute judgment / convict | ποιῆσαι κρίσιν…ἐλέγξαι | poiēsai krisin…elegxai | न्याय करने के लिये…दोषी ठहराने के लिये | न्याय TM: new (see 1:6) | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:15 | |
| harsh things spoken against Him | τῶν σκληρῶν ὧν ἐλάλησαν κατ᾿ αὐτοῦ | tōn sklērōn hōn elalēsan kat’ autou | जो कठोर बातें उसके विरुद्ध कहीं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:15 | |
| grumblers, faultfinders | γογγυσταί, μεμψίμοιροι | gongystai, mempsimoiroi | कुड़कुड़ानेवाले, दोष ढूंढ़नेवाले | TM: new | Low-Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:16 | Echoes Israel’s wilderness grumbling. |
| following their own desires | κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν πορευόμενοι | kata tas epithymias autōn poreuomenoi | अपनी ही अभिलाषाओं के अनुसार चलनेवाले | अभिलाषा reuses baseline flesh-entry pattern | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:16 | Consistency with baseline शरीर की अभिलाषाएँ phrasing. |
| mouths speak arrogant things | στόμα…λαλεῖ ὑπέρογκα | stoma…lalei hyperogka | मुँह से बड़े-बड़े घमण्ड की बातें बोलते हैं | घमण्ड TM: reused (Low) | Low-Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:16 | |
| flattering people for gain | θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα ὠφελείας χάριν | thaumazontes prosōpa ōpheleias charin | लाभ के लिये लोगों की चापलूसी करते हैं | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:16 | Echoes Balaam’s mercenary motive (1:11). |
| remember the words of the apostles | μνήσθητε τῶν ῥημάτων τῶν ἀποστόλων | mnēsthēte tōn rēmatōn tōn apostolōn | प्रेरितों के द्वारा पहले से कही गई बातें स्मरण करो | प्रेरित TM: reused (Medium) | Low-Medium | Apostleship (baseline) | 1:17 | |
| last time | ἐπ᾽ ἐσχάτου [τοῦ] χρόνου | ep’ eschatou [tou] chronou | अन्तिम दिनों में | TM: new | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:18 | Must not be assimilated to Hindu yuga-cycle end-time renewal concepts; this is linear/terminal. |
| mockers | ἐμπαῖκται | empaiktai | उपहास करनेवाले | TM: new | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:18 | |
| following their own ungodly desires | κατὰ τὰς ἑαυτῶν ἐπιθυμίας πορευόμενοι τῶν ἀσεβειῶν | kata tas heautōn epithymias poreuomenoi tōn asebeiōn | अपनी अभक्त अभिलाषाओं के अनुसार चलनेवाले | अभक्त, अभिलाषा TM: new/reused patterns combined | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:18 | Consistency with 1:4, 1:15-16 vocabulary required. |
| cause divisions | ἀποδιορίζοντες | apodiorizontes | फूट डालनेवाले | TM: new | Medium | Church as God’s People (baseline-adjacent) | 1:19 | |
| soulish / worldly-minded | ψυχικοί | psychikoi | सांसारिक स्वभाव के | TM: new | Critical | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:19 | Must not parallel Hindu tripartite anthropology (sthūla/sūkṣma/ātman); denotes deficiency (lacking Spirit), not a legitimate intermediate tier. Mandatory translator note. |
| not having the Spirit | πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες | pneuma mē echontes | जिनमें पवित्र आत्मा नहीं है | पवित्र आत्मा TM: reused exactly | Critical | Sanctification (baseline) / Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:19 | Must specify absence of the personal Holy Spirit, not the person’s own ātman (a category error in Hindu frameworks). |
| building yourselves up | ἐποικοδομοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς | epoikodomountes heautous | अपने आपको…बनाते हुए / दृढ़ करते हुए | Conceptually adjacent to TM: reused mutual_edification | Medium | Mutual Edification (baseline) | 1:20 | |
| most holy faith | τῇ ἁγιωτάτῃ ὑμῶν πίστει | tē hagiōtatē hymōn pistei | अपने अति पवित्र विश्वास पर | पवित्र, विश्वास TM: reused (High) | High | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | 1:20 | Must echo 1:3’s rendering (deliberate verbal link). |
| praying in the Holy Spirit | ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ προσευχόμενοι | en Pneumati Hagiō proseuchomenoi | पवित्र आत्मा में प्रार्थना करते हुए | पवित्र आत्मा TM: reused exactly | Critical | Prayer and Intercession (baseline) | 1:20 | Antidote to the 1:19 spiritless condition. |
| keep yourselves | ἑαυτοὺς τηρήσατε | heautous tērēsate | अपने आपको…रखो | रखना-family anchor verb (see τηρέω entry) | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:21 | Must be identical verb-family to 1:1, 1:6, 1:13, 1:24 — human responsibility paired with divine preservation. |
| in the love of God | ἐν ἀγάπῃ θεοῦ | en agapē theou | परमेश्वर के प्रेम में | परमेश्वर TM: reused (Critical) | Low-Medium | Adoption/Sanctification (baseline-adjacent) | 1:21 | |
| awaiting the mercy…unto eternal life | προσδεχόμενοι τὸ ἔλεος…εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον | prosdechomenoi to eleos…eis zōēn aiōnion | …की दया की बाट जोहते हुए, जो अनन्त जीवन के लिये है | दया, अनन्त जीवन TM: reused (Medium/High) | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering / Eschatology (baseline) | 1:21 | Confident, expectant hope — not anxious/karmic uncertainty. |
| have mercy on those doubting | ἐλεᾶτε διακρινομένους | eleate diakrinomenous | सन्देह करनेवालों पर दया करो | दया TM: reused (Medium); डांवाडोल/सन्देह new | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:22 | Compassionate rescue tone, never contemptuous; not karma-framed. |
| doubting / wavering | διακρινομένους | diakrinomenous | सन्देह करनेवाले / डांवाडोल विश्वासी | TM: new | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:22 | Distinct category from hardened false teachers. |
| save, snatching out of the fire | σῴζετε ἐκ πυρὸς ἁρπάζοντες | sōzete ek pyros harpazontes | बचाओ, उन्हें आग में से खींच लो | उद्धार-family TM: reused root (Critical) | Critical | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:23 | Urgent active rescue, echoes 1:7 fire imagery. |
| have mercy with fear | ἐλεᾶτε ἐν φόβῳ | eleate en phobō | भय के साथ दया करो | दया TM: reused (Medium) | Medium-High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:23 | ”Fear” = reverent caution re: sin’s contamination, not fear of the person. |
| garment polluted by the flesh | τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα | ton apo tēs sarkos espilōmenon chitōna | वस्त्र जो शरीर के द्वारा कलंकित है | शरीर TM: reused (High) | Medium | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:23 | Concrete moral-defilement sense; avoid invoking Hindu ritual-purity (śuddhi) categories. |
| servant/slave | δοῦλος | doulos | दास | TM: new | Low | — | 1:1 | Consistent with baseline सेवक/सेविका (deacon) morpheme. |
| brother of James | ἀδελφὸς…Ἰακώβου | adelphos…Iakōbou | याकूब का भाई | TM: new | Low | — | 1:1 | |
| loved (by God the Father) | ἠγαπημένοις | ēgapēmenois | प्रिय हैं | प्रिय TM: new (see 1:3) | Low-Medium | — | 1:1 | |
| kept for Jesus Christ | Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ τετηρημένοις | Iēsou Christō tetērēmenois | यीशु मसीह के लिये रखे गए हैं | रखना-family anchor verb (see τηρέω entry) | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:1 | Letter’s OPENING inclusio statement; must match 1:6, 1:13, 1:21, 1:24 verb-family. |
| called | κλητοῖς | klētois | बुलाए हुए | TM: reused exactly | High | Effectual Calling (baseline) | 1:1 | Sense = effectual calling to salvation. |
| mercy, peace, love multiplied | ἔλεος…εἰρήνη…ἀγάπη πληθυνθείη | eleos…eirēnē…agapē plēthyntheiē | दया, शांति, और प्रेम तुम में बहुत बढ़ती जाए | दया, शांति TM: reused exactly (Medium) | Low-Medium | — | 1:2 | Standard epistolary blessing formula. |
| able to guard/keep (from stumbling) | τῷ δυναμένῳ φυλάξαι…ἀπταίστους | tō dynamenō phylaxai…aptaistous | जो तुम्हें बिना ठोकर खाए रखने में समर्थ है | रखना-family anchor verb; ठोकर TM: reused | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless / God’s Preserving Power | 1:24 | Letter’s CLOSING inclusio statement, capstone of the whole book. |
| present blameless before his glory | στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ ἀμώμους | stēsai katenōpion tēs doxēs autou amōmous | उसकी महिमा के सामने निर्दोष खड़ा करना | महिमा TM: reused exactly (High); निर्दोष TM: new | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | Believer remains a distinct presented person, not absorbed into glory; guard against advaitic-absorption drift. |
| blameless | ἀμώμους | amōmous | निर्दोष / निष्कलंक | TM: new | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | God’s gracious accomplishment, never self-achieved/merit-based perfection. |
| with great joy | ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει | en agalliasei | अत्यन्त आनन्द के साथ | TM: new | Low-Medium | — | 1:24 | |
| only God our Savior | μόνῳ θεῷ σωτῆρι ἡμῶν | monō theō sōtēri hēmōn | हमारे एकमात्र उद्धारकर्ता परमेश्वर | परमेश्वर TM: reused exactly (Critical); उद्धारकर्ता new (उद्धार root) | Critical | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | 1:25 | एकमात्र must not be softened — polemic against religious pluralism. |
| through Jesus Christ our Lord | διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν | dia Iēsou Christou tou kyriou hēmōn | हमारे प्रभु यीशु मसीह के द्वारा | प्रभु, यीशु मसीह TM: reused exactly (Critical) | Low | Lordship of Christ (baseline) | 1:25 | |
| glory, majesty, dominion, authority | δόξα μεγαλωσύνη κράτος καὶ ἐξουσία | doxa megalōsynē kratos kai exousia | महिमा, महानता, पराक्रम, अधिकार | महिमा TM: reused (High); others new | Medium-High | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | 1:25 | Keep register consistent with baseline doxology entry. |
| before all time, now, and forever | πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας | pro pantos tou aiōnos kai nyn kai eis pantas tous aiōnas | सब युगों के पहले से, अब, और सदा सर्वदा (avoid युग for αἰῶνας) | TM: new | High | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | 1:25 | NEW RISK INSIGHT: युग carries Hindu cyclical-cosmic-age connotations (Satya/Treta/Dvāpara/Kali Yuga); prefer अनन्तकाल/सदा सर्वदा in all eternity-formulas curriculum-wide. |
| amen | ἀμήν | amēn | आमीन | TM: reused exactly | Low | Doxology (baseline) | 1:25 |
Summary of New Critical-Risk Terms Proposed for Translation Memory
The following terms are new to this curriculum and are proposed for addition to translation_memory.json at Critical risk, requiring mandatory theologian review on every occurrence in Phase 2:
- kept (τηρέω anchor verb) → रखा जाना / रखना — the letter’s structural inclusio verb (1:1, 1:6, 1:13, 1:21, 1:24)
- contend earnestly for the faith → विश्वास के लिये प्राणपण से यत्न करना — the letter’s thesis verb (1:3)
- once for all delivered → जो एक ही बार सौंपा गया — fixed, closed doctrinal deposit (1:3)
- only Sovereign and Lord → हमारे एकमात्र स्वामी और प्रभु — double exclusivity title (1:4)
- soulish / devoid of the Spirit (ψυχικός) → सांसारिक स्वभाव के / जिनमें पवित्र आत्मा नहीं है — anthropological term at high risk of Hindu tripartite-self confusion (1:19)
- save, snatching out of the fire → बचाओ, उन्हें आग में से खींच लो — urgent rescue-salvation compound (1:23)
- present blameless before his glory → उसकी महिमा के सामने निर्दोष खड़ा करना — final glorification/presentation, guarding against absorption-drift (1:24)
- blameless (ἄμωμος) → निर्दोष / निष्कलंक — grace-accomplished, not merit-achieved, perfection (1:24)
- only God our Savior → हमारे एकमात्र उद्धारकर्ता परमेश्वर — exclusivity doxology against pluralism (1:25)
All other new terms are proposed at High, Medium, or Low risk as tabulated above.
Critical Risk Terms
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhāra
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, छुटकारा
CRITICAL: NEVER use मुक्ति or मोक्ष — these carry Hindu liberation-from-samsara meaning. उद्धार = deliverance by God through Christ. [Inherited from Romans package.] Root reused throughout Jude: ‘common salvation’ (1:3, समान उद्धार), ‘saved’ (1:5, historical rescue, बचाया), and ‘save…snatching from the fire’ (1:23, बचाओ).
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: Prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, ईश्वर
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Exclusive, supreme Lordship, not one lord among others. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used throughout Jude (1:4,5,9,14,17,21,25); in 1:4 paired with स्वामी (a genuinely distinct term rendering δεσπότης) to form a double-exclusivity title — see only_sovereign_and_lord below. स्वामी must never substitute for प्रभु alone elsewhere.
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parameśvara
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वर, भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
परमेश्वर preferred for doctrinal precision; भगवान has broad Hindu-deity usage — avoid. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used throughout Jude, culminating in the exclusivity doxology ‘the only God our Savior’ (1:25) — see only_god_our_savior below.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा, देव-आत्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
The personal Holy Spirit — third Person of the Trinity; NEVER ब्रह्म or परमात्मा. [Inherited from Romans package.] Jude 1:19-20 forms this curriculum’s sharpest collision point with Hindu tripartite anthropology (sthūla/sūkṣma/ātman) — see soulish_psychikoi, not_having_the_spirit, and praying_in_the_holy_spirit below; mandatory translator note required distinguishing the Spirit’s indwelling presence from any dimension of the human self.
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा, ईशू
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
BSI OV standard form; never ईसा (Muslim/Urdu-context form). [Inherited from Romans package.] Used throughout Jude; also central to the Jude 1:5 Ἰησοῦς/κύριος textual-variant decision — if the assigned source text reads ‘Jesus,’ render यीशु explicitly (not प्रभु), and flag for mandatory theologian review per 05_translation_landscape.md §3.3.
Condemnation
Approved rendering: दण्ड की आज्ञा
Transliteration: daṇḍa kī ājñā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: निंदा
Forensic verdict; BSI OV form. [Inherited from Romans package.] Serves as the structural model for designated_for_condemnation below (Jude 1:4). न्याय (judgment_day, below) is a distinct, newly-introduced Jude term naming the judicial process/day, not this specific rendered verdict — keep the two lexically separate.
Contend For The Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास के लिये प्राणपण से यत्न करना
Transliteration: viśvāsa ke liye prāṇapaṇa se yatna karanā
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: विचार करना (to consider/think about — too weak, erases polemical purpose), संघर्ष करना (to struggle/fight — risks violent-conflict connotation inappropriate to doctrinal defense)
Original: ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3. The letter’s programmatic thesis verb (ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι). Must retain vigorous athletic-contest imagery in defense of the entrusted faith without drifting toward violence or ascetic self-effort (tapasya-adjacent).
Once For All Delivered
Approved rendering: जो एक ही बार सौंपा गया
Transliteration: jo eka hī bāra sauṃpā gayā
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: जो सिखाया गया था (that which was taught — permits ongoing addition, echoes guru-parampara lineage)
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3 (ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ). A completed, unrepeatable act of transmission establishing the faith as a fixed, closed deposit — must not permit a reading in which each generation of teachers may add fresh revelation.
Only Sovereign And Lord
Approved rendering: हमारे एकमात्र स्वामी और प्रभु
Transliteration: hamāre ekamātra svāmī aura prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Jude’s Application)
Rejected alternatives: केवल प्रभु (collapses the δεσπότης + κύριος double title into a single term), गुरु (guru-adjacent title, dilutes exclusivity)
Original: τὸν μόνον δεσπότην καὶ κύριον
Category: Christology
Jude 1:4. A double-exclusivity title combining δεσπότης (absolute ownership-authority) and κύριος (supreme lordship), intensified by μόνον (‘only’). स्वामी is used ONLY because it renders a genuinely distinct Greek word standing beside κύριος in this verse — it never substitutes for or contradicts the baseline प्रभु entry’s rejection of स्वामी as a stand-alone Lord-rendering. एकमात्र must never be dropped.
Saved Historical Rescue
Approved rendering: बचाया
Transliteration: bacāyā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: मुक्त किया (मुक्ति-adjacent, forbidden), मोक्ष दिया (forbidden)
Original: σώσας
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:5. Verb form of the उद्धार family (Critical, baseline salvation entry). God’s historical, once-for-all rescue of a covenant people from Egypt — the type behind the letter’s later rescue command at 1:23 (see save_snatching_from_fire). Never मुक्ति/मोक्ष-adjacent.
Kept
Approved rendering: रखा जाना / रखना
Transliteration: rakhā jānā / rakhanā
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: सुरक्षित रखना (varies the verb, breaking cross-verse consistency), बचाए रखना (varies the verb, breaking cross-verse consistency), सम्भालना (varies the verb, breaking cross-verse consistency)
Original: τηρέω (various forms)
Category: Preservation
τηρέω/φυλάσσω (various forms), the STRUCTURAL SPINE (inclusio) of Jude: believers kept for Christ (1:1), angels kept for judgment (1:6), darkness kept for wandering stars (1:13), believers commanded to keep themselves (1:21), God alone able to keep believers from stumbling (1:24). This single Hindi verb-family MUST be used identically at all five occurrences — hard-locked, enforced by automated exact-string validation in Phase 2, not stylistic preference. Inconsistent vocabulary across occurrences would erase Jude’s central argument that the same divine keeping-power both reserves the ungodly for judgment and secures believers for glory.
Darkness Kept Forever
Approved rendering: अंधकार का घोर अंधेरा उनके लिये सदा के लिये रखा गया है
Transliteration: andhakāra kā ghora andherā unake liye sadā ke liye rakhā gayā hai
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους εἰς αἰῶνα τετήρηται
Category: Preservation
Jude 1:13. Fixed, permanent darkness reserved for the false teachers, using the letter’s keeping-verb (τηρέω) ironically of judgment rather than preservation for glory. MUST use the identical रखा-family verb established for the kept entry above (1:1, 1:6, 1:21, 1:24) so readers perceive the deliberate structural irony. Also load-bearing for Eternal Finality of Judgment — never suggest a temporary purgation ending in release.
Soulish Psychikoi
Approved rendering: सांसारिक स्वभाव के
Transliteration: sāṃsārika svabhāva ke
Doctrine: Holy Spirit and Spirit-Empowered Prayer
Rejected alternatives: आत्मिक स्तर (spiritual/subtle-body tier — would legitimize a false intermediate anthropological tier)
Original: ψυχικοί
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:19 (ψυχικοί). Governed by mere natural human life-principle, without the Spirit’s presence — the letter’s most theologically loaded anthropological diagnosis. Could be mishandled by analogy to popular Hindu tripartite anthropology (sthūla śarīra/physical, sūkṣma śarīra/subtle-psychic, ātman/eternal soul), producing a false parallel in which the term names a legitimate intermediate tier rather than a deficiency. Mandatory translator note required distinguishing this from any tiered-selfhood framework.
Not Having The Spirit
Approved rendering: जिनमें पवित्र आत्मा नहीं है
Transliteration: jinameṃ Pavitra Ātmā nahīṃ hai
Doctrine: Holy Spirit and Spirit-Empowered Prayer
Original: πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:19 (πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες). Lacking the indwelling Holy Spirit — a severe, church-discipline-relevant diagnostic conclusion. Must be unambiguous that this denies possession of the personal Holy Spirit (third Person of the Trinity), not a claim about the person’s own ātman/soul being absent, which is a philosophically impossible claim in Hindu frameworks and a likely source of confusion if the referent is not pinned down explicitly.
Praying In The Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा में प्रार्थना करते हुए
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā meṃ prārthanā karate hue
Doctrine: Holy Spirit and Spirit-Empowered Prayer
Original: ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ προσευχόμενοι
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:20 (ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ προσευχόμενοι). Spirit-empowered, Spirit-directed prayer positioned as the antidote to the ψυχικοί/spiritless condition of 1:19. पवित्र आत्मा reused exactly; consistency with not_having_the_spirit above is essential to keep the antithesis visible.
Keep Yourselves
Approved rendering: अपने आपको…रखो
Transliteration: apane āpako…rakho
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἑαυτοὺς…τηρήσατε
Category: Preservation
Jude 1:21 (ἑαυτοὺς…τηρήσατε). An imperative form of the kept anchor verb above, addressed to believers as an active responsibility. MUST use the identical रखना-family verb established for kept (1:1, 1:6, 1:13, 1:24) so the human-imperative here and the divine-declarative at 1:24 are audibly the same verb — God’s keeping grounds and enables, but does not eliminate, the believer’s own watchfulness.
Save Snatching From Fire
Approved rendering: बचाओ, उन्हें आग में से खींच लो
Transliteration: bacāo, unheṃ āga meṃ se khīṃca lo
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: मुक्त करो (मुक्ति-adjacent, forbidden), मोक्ष दो (forbidden)
Original: σῴζετε ἐκ πυρὸς ἁρπάζοντες
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:23 (σῴζετε ἐκ πυρὸς ἁρπάζοντες). Reuses the उद्धार-family root (Critical baseline salvation entry). Urgent, active rescue by fellow believers, echoing the eternal_fire of 1:7 as the danger from which the wavering must be snatched; must not be softened into passive concern.
Kept For Jesus Christ
Approved rendering: यीशु मसीह के लिये रखे गए हैं
Transliteration: Yīśu Masīha ke liye rakhe gae haiṃ
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ τετηρημένοις
Category: Preservation
Jude 1:1 (Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ τετηρημένοις). The letter’s OPENING inclusio statement, the first occurrence of the kept anchor verb above. Must use the same रखना-family verb as 1:6, 1:13, 1:21, 1:24 — forming the bookend structure with 1:24’s climactic restatement.
Able To Keep From Stumbling
Approved rendering: जो तुम्हें बिना ठोकर खाए रखने में समर्थ है
Transliteration: jo tumheṃ binā ṭhokara khāe rakhane meṃ samartha hai
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: τῷ δυναμένῳ φυλάξαι…ἀπταίστους
Category: Preservation
Jude 1:24 (τῷ δυναμένῳ φυλάξαι…ἀπταίστους). The letter’s CLOSING inclusio statement, the capstone of Kept by God and Presented Blameless / Doxology and God’s Preserving Power. Must use the same रखना-family verb established above; ठोकर reuses the baseline stumbling_stone-family term. Must never suggest the believer’s own accumulated merit secures the outcome.
Present Blameless Before Glory
Approved rendering: तुम्हें उसकी महिमा के सामने खड़ा करने
Transliteration: tumheṃ usakī mahimā ke sāmane khaḍā karane
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ ἀμώμους
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:24 (στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ ἀμώμους). महिमा reused exactly from baseline above. Must preserve the believer as a distinct person presented before God’s glory, not absorbed into it — guarding against the advaitic-absorption concern documented in the baseline’s christ_lives_in_me guardrails, now applied to the believer’s final destiny.
Blameless
Approved rendering: निर्दोष / निष्कलंक
Transliteration: nirdoṣa / niṣkalaṅka
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἀμώμους
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:24 (ἀμώμους). Conceptually paired with the baseline glorification entry’s guardrail above. Must read as God’s gracious accomplishment presented to the believer, never a state achieved through disciplined effort or accumulated merit, which would reintroduce a karma-adjacent reading directly contrary to Jude’s grace-versus-license argument in 1:4.
Only God Our Savior
Approved rendering: हमारे एकमात्र उद्धारकर्ता परमेश्वर
Transliteration: hamāre ekamātra uddhārakartā Parameśvara
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: μόνῳ θεῷ σωτῆρι ἡμῶν
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:25 (μόνῳ θεῷ σωτῆρι ἡμῶν). परमेश्वर reused exactly from baseline above; उद्धारकर्ता is newly coined on the Critical उद्धार root. Echoes 1:4’s μόνον δεσπότην. एकमात्र (‘only’) must be retained without softening — a direct polemic against religious pluralism and India’s ‘many valid saviors’ assumption.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, दया, वरदान, भाग्य, कर्म-फल, पुण्य
Must convey unmerited favor apart from any human merit; directly counters karma worldview. कृपा may be used for mercy/compassion in non-grace contexts only. [Inherited from Romans package.] In Jude 1:4 अनुग्रह must remain unambiguous (never कृपा) as the false teachers pervert grace into licentiousness — see grace_perverted_to_licentiousness below.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, आस्था, भरोसा
Trust in a specific person (Christ/God); not generalized religious devotion. Object of faith must always be specified in context. Distinguish from Hindu śraddhā. [Inherited from Romans package.] In Jude 1:3 and 1:20 विश्वास additionally carries the objective ‘body of doctrine entrusted’ sense (fides quae), not only personal trust — see faith_objective_deposit below.
Called
Approved rendering: बुलाए हुए
Transliteration: bulāe hue
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: निमंत्रित, आमंत्रित
Original: κλητοῖς
Category: Salvation
Context-sensitive across senses (apostleship, sainthood, salvation). [Inherited from Romans package.] Jude 1:1 uses the effectual-calling-to-salvation sense specifically, establishing the recipients’ secure standing before any warning follows.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मल
Set apart for God; morally pure, not merely ritually pure. [Inherited from Romans package.] Underlies पवित्र जन (saints, 1:3), पवित्र आत्मा (Holy Spirit, 1:19-20), and अति पवित्र विश्वास (most holy faith, 1:20) throughout Jude.
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jana
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: संत, संतजन
Original: ἁγίοις
Category: Church
संत in Indian culture = ascetic holy man; पवित्र जन = all believers, a corporate designation. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:3 as the recipients of the once-delivered faith.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देव-ज्योति, प्रकाश
Original: δόξα
Category: God
God’s radiant presence and honor; avoid light-metaphors conflating with Hindu divine-light concepts. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:8 (glorious ones reviled by false teachers) and 1:24-25 (believers presented before his glory; closing doxology) — see present_blameless_before_glory and glory_majesty_dominion_authority below.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: अनन्त जीवन
Transliteration: ananta jīvana
Doctrine: Eschatology
Rejected alternatives: अमरता
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
Gift-harvest from the Spirit; never liberation-immortality or moksha-style absorption. [Inherited from Romans/Galatians package.] Used in Jude 1:21 as the object of confident, mercy-grounded hope, not anxious or karmic uncertainty — see awaiting_mercy_eternal_life below.
Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर
Transliteration: śarīra
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: देह (in sarx contexts)
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sin
Technical Pauline term for self-reliant fallen human nature in Romans/Galatians; NEVER read as mere physical body there. [Inherited from Romans/Galatians package.] IMPORTANT JUDE-SPECIFIC NOTE: in Jude 1:7, 1:8, and 1:23, शरीर is instead used in a concrete moral/sexual sense (not the abstract flesh/Spirit antithesis) — a mandatory translator note distinguishing the two senses is required at each Jude occurrence; see strange_flesh, defile_flesh, and garment_polluted_by_flesh below.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, सृष्टिकर्ता
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
God as personal Father; never an impersonal creator-principle. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:1: ‘to those…beloved in God the Father’ — see loved_by_god_father below.
Predestination
Approved rendering: पहले से ठहराया जाना
Transliteration: pahale se ṭhaharāyā jānā
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य, नियति, किस्मत
God’s personal, purposive appointing unto glory (Romans 8:29-30); never fate/destiny/karma language. [Inherited from Romans package.] Serves as the structural model for designated_for_condemnation below (Jude 1:4), which repurposes similar syntax for designation UNTO JUDGMENT rather than unto glory — the two must be read as distinct applications of the same sovereign, personal foreordination, not confused as the same decree.
Election
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर का चुनाव
Transliteration: Parameśvara kā cunāva
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य, नियति, किस्मत
God’s sovereign personal choice; not karma-determined fate. [Inherited from Romans package.] Referenced as the baseline auto-escalation rule underlying designated_for_condemnation below — any election/predestination-adjacent language in Jude 1:4 must trigger the same भाग्य/नियति/किस्मत prohibition.
Glorification
Approved rendering: महिमान्वित किया जाना
Transliteration: mahimānvita kiyā jānā
Doctrine: Glorification
Rejected alternatives: देवत्व प्राप्ति
Believers share Christ’s glory; they do not become deities. [Inherited from Romans package.] Conceptually paired in this curriculum with blameless and present_blameless_before_glory below (Jude 1:24) — both must guard against merit-based self-achievement or absorption-into-glory readings.
Nullify The Grace Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर के अनुग्रह को व्यर्थ ठहराना
Transliteration: Parameśvara ke anugraha ko vyartha ṭaharānā
Doctrine: Salvation
Treating grace as void; auto-escalation trigger per the baseline grace/works contrast rule. [Inherited from Galatians package.] Referenced conceptually as the guardrail underlying grace_perverted_to_licentiousness below (Jude 1:4) — Jude extends this baseline concern from grace abused toward legalism to grace abused toward antinomian license; अनुग्रह must remain unambiguous in both directions.
Common Salvation
Approved rendering: समान उद्धार
Transliteration: samāna uddhāra
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: व्यक्तिगत उद्धार की भिन्न मात्रा (individually-graded salvation reading)
Original: κοινῆς σωτηρίας
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:3. The one salvation held jointly by the whole believing community, not an individually graded spiritual attainment. उद्धार never मुक्ति/मोक्ष; समान must not be softened into a merit-gradable attainment, which would echo karma-merit gradation among devotees of differing spiritual attainment.
Faith Objective Deposit
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvāsa
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: πίστει / πίστις
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3, 1:20. Uses the reused विश्वास (baseline High) but leans toward the objective body of apostolic doctrine entrusted to the church (fides quae), not only personal trust (fides qua). Context (‘entrusted,’ ‘most holy’) must supply this sense; translator note required at first occurrence distinguishing it from the personal-trust sense used at Jude 1:5 (‘did not believe’) and elsewhere in the curriculum.
Designated For Condemnation
Approved rendering: जो पहले से इस दण्ड के लिये ठहराए गए थे
Transliteration: jo pahale se isa daṇḍa ke liye ṭhaharāe gae the
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: भाग्य से (by fate), नियति (destiny), किस्मत (fortune)
Original: προγεγραμμένοι εἰς τοῦτο τὸ κρίμα
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:4. Modeled on predestination and condemnation above, but applies reprobation rather than election — a NEW pairing not present in the Romans/Galatians baseline, since baseline predestination language describes election unto glory only. Auto-escalation trigger per the baseline election/predestination rule; must read as a personal God’s judicial pre-determination of the wicked’s fate, never impersonal karmic destiny.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: अभक्त / अभक्ति
Transliteration: abhakta / abhakti
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: अधर्मी (retains forbidden धर्म morpheme), पापी (too generic, collapses into ordinary ‘sinner’)
Original: ἀσεβεῖς / ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
Jude 1:4, 1:15 (four times), 1:18. Impious, irreverent toward God specifically — a reverence-deficiency, not generic moral failure. Must be used with total consistency at every occurrence to preserve Jude’s deliberate rhetorical repetition of the ἀσεβ- root.
Grace Perverted To Licentiousness
Approved rendering: अनुग्रह को लुचपन में बदल देना
Transliteration: anugraha ko lucapana meṃ badala denā
Doctrine: Grace (Perverted to License)
Rejected alternatives: कृपा को दुरुपयोग करना (कृपा forbidden here per the grace entry’s context rule)
Original: χάριν…εἰς ἀσέλγειαν
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:4. Turning God’s unmerited grace into a license for unrestrained sensuality. This extends the baseline nullify_the_grace_of_god guardrail from legalism to antinomianism; अनुग्रह must remain unambiguous here so the specific charge is not confused with generic permissive kindness.
Destroyed Unbelievers
Approved rendering: जो विश्वास नहीं लाए उन्हें नाश कर दिया
Transliteration: jo viśvāsa nahīṃ lāe unheṃ nāśa kara diyā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τοὺς μὴ πιστεύσαντας ἀπώλεσεν
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:5. God’s judicial destruction of the rescued generation who did not believe — the faith/judgment causal link must remain explicit, not generalized into a bare report that ‘they died.‘
Angels
Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: svargadūta
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: देवता (Hindu semi-divine, sometimes worship-worthy beings)
Original: ἀγγέλους
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:6. Created, personal, subordinate spirit-messengers serving God, entirely under his sovereign rule. A translator note distinguishing स्वर्गदूत from देवता is required at first occurrence, so readers do not assume these fallen beings retain worship-worthy divine status.
Eternal Bonds Darkness
Approved rendering: अनन्त बन्धनों में अंधकार के नीचे
Transliteration: ananta bandhanoṃ meṃ andhakāra ke nīce
Doctrine: Eternal Finality of Judgment
Original: δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις…ὑπὸ ζόφον
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:6. The fixed, unending confinement in darkness under which the rebellious angels are held. अनन्त reuses the eternal_life-family morpheme; अंधकार reuses the baseline armor_of_light pairing term. The fixedness must not be lost — any suggestion of a purgation period ending in release would drift toward a cyclical or temporary-hell framework foreign to the Greek’s finality.
Judgment Day
Approved rendering: न्याय
Transliteration: nyāya
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κρίσις
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:6, 1:9, 1:15 (κρίσις). The judicial process/day of reckoning, distinct from the baseline’s Critical condemnation entry (दण्ड की आज्ञा), which names a specific rendered verdict. Keep these two lexically distinct throughout so readers do not conflate the judicial process with its sentence.
Strange Flesh
Approved rendering: दूसरे प्रकार के शरीर की ओर लालसा
Transliteration: dūsare prakāra ke śarīra kī ora lālasā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: σαρκὸς ἑτέρας
Category: Sin
Jude 1:7 (σαρκὸς ἑτέρας). Sexual pursuit outside the created order, the ground of Sodom’s judgment. शरीर is reused from the baseline High flesh entry but here names concrete sexual transgression, not the Pauline flesh/Spirit antithesis — mandatory translator note required. Flag for combined theologian and native speaker review (sexual ethics, honor/shame-sensitive per baseline routing rule).
Eternal Fire
Approved rendering: अनन्त आग
Transliteration: ananta āga
Doctrine: Eternal Finality of Judgment
Rejected alternatives: नरक (implies temporary, karma-exhaustion hell in popular Hindu usage)
Original: πυρὸς αἰωνίου
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:7 (πυρὸς αἰωνίου). Fixed, unending punitive fire establishing final, non-cyclical judgment, paired with the fallen angels’ eternal bonds (1:6). Never नरक; अनन्त आग must communicate fixed, final judgment, not a temporary purgative stage before rebirth.
Defile Flesh
Approved rendering: शरीर को अशुद्ध करते हैं
Transliteration: śarīra ko aśuddha karate haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: σάρκα μιαίνουσιν
Category: Sin
Jude 1:8 (σάρκα μιαίνουσιν). Continues the concrete-sexual σάρξ usage from 1:7; same guardrails as strange_flesh apply.
Reject Authority
Approved rendering: अधिकार को तुच्छ जानते हैं
Transliteration: adhikāra ko tuccha jānate haiṃ
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Jude’s Application)
Original: κυριότητα ἀθετοῦσιν
Category: Christology
Jude 1:8 (κυριότητα ἀθετοῦσιν). κυριότης shares the κύριος root with प्रभु; keep this etymological connection audible where possible so the false teachers’ rejection-of-lordship theme is not severed from the letter’s broader Lordship-of-Christ emphasis.
Enoch Seventh From Adam
Approved rendering: हनोक, जो आदम से सातवीं पीढ़ी में था
Transliteration: Hanoka, jo Ādama se sātavīṃ pīṛhī meṃ thā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and the Enoch Citation
Original: Ἑνὼχ…ἑβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδὰμ
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:14. A genealogical marker establishing Enoch’s antiquity, cited by Jude from the extra-canonical 1 Enoch. Mandatory theologian review: Jude’s citation must be handled so as not to imply 1 Enoch itself is inspired Scripture, while still affirming the truthfulness of this specific prophetic word. Required translator note at first occurrence.
Lord Came With Holy Ten Thousands
Approved rendering: प्रभु अपने पवित्र जनों/दूतों की अनगिनत भीड़ के साथ आया
Transliteration: Prabhu apane pavitra janoṃ/dūtoṃ kī anaginta bhīḍa ke sātha āyā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἦλθεν κύριος ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:14 (ἦλθεν κύριος ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ). Jude’s clearest eschatological judgment-coming scene, grounding the warning in a specific coming event, not endless cyclical ages. Flag for theologian review as eschatological judgment text.
Execute Judgment Convict
Approved rendering: न्याय करने के लिये…दोषी ठहराने के लिये
Transliteration: nyāya karane ke liye…doṣī ṭhaharāne ke liye
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ποιῆσαι κρίσιν…ἐλέγξαι
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:15 (ποιῆσαι κρίσιν…ἐλέγξαι). Combines verdict-execution with exposure of specific deeds and words; न्याय used consistently with the judgment_day entry above.
Following Own Desires 1 16
Approved rendering: अपनी ही अभिलाषाओं के अनुसार चलनेवाले
Transliteration: apanī hī abhilāṣāoṃ ke anusāra calanevāle
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν πορευόμενοι
Category: Sin
Jude 1:16 (κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν πορευόμενοι). अभिलाषा reuses the baseline flesh entry’s established sinful-desire phrase pattern (शरीर की अभिलाषाएँ). Must be kept consistent with that baseline pattern and with the parallel phrase at 1:18 (see following_own_ungodly_desires_1_18).
Last Time
Approved rendering: अन्तिम दिनों में
Transliteration: antima dinoṃ meṃ
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Testimony
Original: ἐπ᾽ ἐσχάτου [τοῦ] χρόνου
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:18 (ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου [τοῦ] χρόνου). Must not be assimilated to Hindu yuga-cycle ‘end of an age’ concepts (e.g., the end of Kali Yuga followed by cyclical renewal); this last time is linear and terminal, leading to the final judgment of 1:14-15, not a cycle restarting.
Following Own Ungodly Desires 1 18
Approved rendering: अपनी अभक्त अभिलाषाओं के अनुसार चलनेवाले
Transliteration: apanī abhakta abhilāṣāoṃ ke anusāra calanevāle
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κατὰ τὰς ἑαυτῶν ἐπιθυμίας πορευόμενοι τῶν ἀσεβειῶν
Category: Sin
Jude 1:18 (κατὰ τὰς ἑαυτῶν ἐπιθυμίας πορευόμενοι τῶν ἀσεβειῶν). Combines अभक्त (ungodly, above) with the अभिलाषा pattern (following_own_desires_1_16, above); consistency with 1:4, 1:15-16 vocabulary required to preserve the rhetorical density of Jude’s repeated root-words.
Most Holy Faith
Approved rendering: अपने अति पवित्र विश्वास पर
Transliteration: apane ati pavitra viśvāsa para
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: τῇ ἁγιωτάτῃ ὑμῶν πίστει
Category: Faith
Jude 1:20 (τῇ ἁγιωτάτῃ ὑμῶν πίστει). पवित्र and विश्वास both reused exactly from baseline above. Must echo the 1:3 rendering closely so the reader perceives the deliberate verbal link between the letter’s opening thesis and this closing exhortation.
Awaiting Mercy Eternal Life
Approved rendering: …की दया की बाट जोहते हुए, जो अनन्त जीवन के लिये है
Transliteration: …kī dayā kī bāṭa johate hue, jo ananta jīvana ke liye hai
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: προσδεχόμενοι τὸ ἔλεος…εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:21 (προσδεχόμενοι τὸ ἔλεος…εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον). दया and अनन्त जीवन both reused exactly from baseline above. The confident, expectant nuance must come through — assured hope grounded in Christ’s character, not anxious or fatalistic waiting, which would echo karmic uncertainty about a future rebirth.
Have Mercy On Doubting
Approved rendering: सन्देह करनेवालों पर दया करो
Transliteration: sandeha karanevāloṃ para dayā karo
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἐλεᾶτε διακρινομένους
Category: Church
Jude 1:22 (ἐλεᾶτε διακρινομένους). दया reused exactly from baseline. Tone must remain compassionate and rescue-oriented, never contemptuous, and must not be assimilated to a karma-based ‘insufficient effort deserves its consequence’ framing.
Doubting Wavering
Approved rendering: सन्देह करनेवाले / डांवाडोल विश्वासी
Transliteration: sandeha karanevāle / ḍāṃvāḍola viśvāsī
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: विवेक-आधारित शब्द (discrimination/discernment-adjacent vocabulary, risks a Vedantic विवेक reading)
Original: διακρινομένους
Category: Church
Jude 1:22 (διακρινομένους). A category distinct from the hardened false teachers — sincere wavering deserving compassionate rescue, not moral failure deserving contempt.
Before All Time Now Forever
Approved rendering: सब युगों के पहले से, अब, और सदा सर्वदा (अनन्तकाल तक)
Transliteration: saba yugoṃ ke pahale se, aba, aura sadā sarvadā (anantakāla taka)
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: युग-आधारित प्रत्येक प्रस्तुति (any rendering that treats αἰῶνας as युग)
Original: πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:25 (πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας). NEW RISK INSIGHT for this curriculum: αἰῶνας must NEVER be rendered युग, which carries strong Hindu cosmological associations with the four cyclically-recurring cosmic ages (Satya/Treta/Dvāpara/Kali Yuga). Prefer अनन्तकाल/सदा सर्वदा consistently in ALL eternity-formulas curriculum-wide, including the parallel judgment-finality passages at 1:6, 1:7, and 1:13.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेरित
Transliteration: prerita
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, संदेशवाहक
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Established Hindi Christian term; authorized sent-out messenger with delegated authority, distinct from a guru/spiritual-teacher role. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:17, anchoring the mockers’ predicted rise in prior authoritative apostolic teaching.
Peace
Approved rendering: शांति
Transliteration: śānti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: चैन, सुकून
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Relational, covenantal peace, not psychological calm. [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:2’s epistolary blessing formula.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy of God
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
Compassion toward the miserable; kept distinct from अनुग्रह (grace). [Inherited from Romans package.] Used in Jude 1:2,21 (God’s mercy) and 1:22-23 (the community’s active mercy toward the wavering) — see have_mercy_on_doubting and have_mercy_with_fear below.
Stumbling Stone
Approved rendering: ठोकर का पत्थर
Transliteration: ṭhokara kā patthara
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
BSI OV form (Romans 9:32-33). [Inherited from Romans package.] The ठोकर root is reused in Jude 1:24 (‘kept from stumbling,’ बिना ठोकर खाए) — see able_to_keep_from_stumbling below.
Armor Of Light
Approved rendering: ज्योति के हथियार
Transliteration: jyoti ke hathiyāra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Paired with अंधकार के काम (works of darkness); do not extend light-metaphors toward Hindu divine-light concepts. [Inherited from Romans package.] The paired term अंधकार (darkness) is reused in Jude 1:6 and 1:13 for the fallen angels’ and false teachers’ fixed, non-cyclical judgment — see eternal_bonds_darkness and darkness_kept_forever below.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Isrāela
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Proper name; BSI established form. [Inherited from Romans package.] Background reference for the Old Testament Warnings as Types doctrine (Jude 1:5) — the people rescued from Egypt and later destroyed in unbelief; use for any background gloss required for readers with low OT narrative literacy.
Crept In Unnoticed
Approved rendering: गुप्त रूप से घुस आए हैं
Transliteration: gupta rūpa se ghusa āe haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: आए हैं (generic ‘arrived’ — loses covert-infiltration nuance)
Original: παρεισέδυσαν
Category: Sin
Jude 1:4. Covert, unauthorized infiltration by false teachers who are insiders by appearance, corrupters by intent.
Deny Lord
Approved rendering: अस्वीकार करते हुए / इन्कार करते हुए
Transliteration: asvīkāra karate hue / inkāra karate hue
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Jude’s Application)
Rejected alternatives: असहमत होना (merely disagreeing — too weak, loses the sense of practical rejection)
Original: ἀρνούμενοι
Category: Christology
Jude 1:4. Denying, disowning, or refusing to acknowledge Christ’s lordship through conduct as much as speech.
Own Domain
Approved rendering: अपना पद
Transliteration: apanā pada
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχήν
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:6. The angels’ divinely-assigned rank/position, abandoned in rebellion — not a neutral ‘place’ or ‘territory’ relocatable without moral significance.
Proper Dwelling
Approved rendering: अपना निज निवास-स्थान
Transliteration: apanā nija nivāsa-sthāna
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τὸ ἴδιον οἰκητήριον
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:6. The angels’ proper, assigned habitation, which they left; reinforces the own_domain rank-abandonment sense.
Gross Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: व्यभिचार में लिप्त होकर
Transliteration: vyabhicāra meṃ lipta hokara
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἐκπορνεύσασαι
Category: Sin
Jude 1:7 (ἐκπορνεύσασαι). Thoroughgoing sexual sin naming the specific character of Sodom’s judgment; echoes the false teachers’ own sensuality (1:4,8).
Undergoing Punishment
Approved rendering: दण्ड भोगते हुए
Transliteration: daṇḍa bhogate hue
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: δίκην ὑπέχουσαι
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:7 (δίκην ὑπέχουσαι). Present participle stresses ongoing, displayed suffering as an object lesson.
Dreamers
Approved rendering: स्वप्न देखनेवाले
Transliteration: svapna dekhanevāle
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι
Category: Sin
Jude 1:8 (ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι). Acting on false, visionary-based claims to authority; context must mark this as a false claim, not legitimate biblical dream-revelation (e.g., Joseph, Daniel).
Revile Glorious Ones
Approved rendering: महिमावन्तों की निन्दा करते हैं
Transliteration: mahimāvantoṃ kī nindā karate haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: δόξας βλασφημοῦσιν
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:8 (δόξας βλασφημοῦσιν). महिमा reused from baseline (High). The referent (angelic beings vs. human authorities) is exegetically debated; flag for theologian review so the Hindi rendering does not prematurely resolve the ambiguity.
Michael Archangel
Approved rendering: मीखाएल महादूत / प्रधान स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: Mīkhāela Mahādūta / Pradhāna Svargadūta
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9. A named angel of chief rank, the contrast-figure to the false teachers’ careless slander (1:8). Establish प्रधान स्वर्गदूत consistently as the rendering for ἀρχάγγελος.
The Devil
Approved rendering: शैतान
Transliteration: śaitāna
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ὁ διάβολος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9 (ὁ διάβολος). Must remain a personal fallen spirit-being, distinct from generic Hindu असुर categories or impersonal evil-force concepts.
Dispute Contend
Approved rendering: विवाद करते हुए वाद-विवाद किया
Transliteration: vivāda karate hue vāda-vivāda kiyā
Doctrine: General
Original: διακρινόμενος διελέγετο
Category: Rhetoric
Jude 1:9 (διακρινόμενος διελέγετο). A genuine, formal dispute over Moses’ body, not a casual disagreement.
Body Of Moses
Approved rendering: मूसा का शरीर
Transliteration: Mūsā kā śarīra
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Μωϋσέως σώματος
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:9. References an intertestamental Jewish tradition not directly narrated in the OT; requires a background gloss for readers unfamiliar with this literature, similar to the baseline’s OT-background requirement for seed_of_david. मूसा follows the established Hindi Bible transliteration for Moses.
Did Not Dare Reviling Accusation
Approved rendering: निन्दा भरा दण्ड सुनाने का साहस न किया
Transliteration: nindā bharā daṇḍa sunāne kā sāhasa na kiyā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: οὐκ ἐτόλμησεν κρίσιν ἐπενεγκεῖν βλασφημίας
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9. Michael’s restrained refusal to pronounce a slanderous verdict even against the devil — a rebuke-by-contrast to the false teachers’ casual slander of glorious beings (1:8).
Lord Rebuke You
Approved rendering: प्रभु तुझे डांटे
Transliteration: Prabhu tujhe ḍāṃṭe
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Jude’s Application)
Original: Ἐπιτιμήσαι σοι κύριος
Category: Christology
Jude 1:9 (echoing Zechariah 3:2). Michael invokes the Lord’s own authority rather than exercising personal judgment; established idiomatic rendering.
Understand By Instinct
Approved rendering: स्वाभाविक वृत्ति से जानते हैं
Transliteration: svābhāvika vṛtti se jānate haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: φυσικῶς…ἐπίστανται
Category: Sin
Jude 1:10 (φυσικῶς ἐπίστανται). Knowledge limited to bare instinctual appetite, not legitimate spiritual insight.
Destroyed Corrupted
Approved rendering: नाश हो जाते हैं
Transliteration: nāśa ho jāte haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: φθείρονται
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:10 (φθείρονται). Signals both present moral corruption and impending eschatological ruin.
Woe
Approved rendering: हाय / धिक्कार है
Transliteration: hāya / dhikkāra hai
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: οὐαὶ
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:11 (οὐαὶ). A formal prophetic pronouncement of doom, echoing OT prophetic denunciations; must retain the weight of a judgment-oracle, not mild pity.
Way Of Cain
Approved rendering: कैन की चाल / मार्ग
Transliteration: Kaina kī cāla / mārga
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:11. Cain’s pattern of self-willed, worship-rejecting, murderous conduct; needs an OT background gloss (Genesis 4) for readers with low OT narrative literacy.
Error Of Balaam
Approved rendering: बलाम की भूल…लाभ के लिये
Transliteration: Balāma kī bhūla…lābha ke liye
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ…μισθοῦ
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:11. Balaam’s mercenary corruption of prophetic ministry for gain, echoed at 1:16 (see flattering_for_gain). Needs an OT background gloss (Numbers 22-24, 31:16).
Rebellion Of Korah
Approved rendering: कोरह का विरोध / बलवा
Transliteration: Koraha kā virodha / balavā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:11. Organized rebellion against divinely-appointed authority, apt for teachers who reject κυριότης (1:8); needs an OT background gloss (Numbers 16).
Perished
Approved rendering: नाश हो गए
Transliteration: nāśa ho gae
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀπώλοντο
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:11 (ἀπώλοντο). Confirms all three OT types (Cain, Balaam, Korah) ended in judgment.
Love Feasts
Approved rendering: प्रेम-भोज
Transliteration: prema-bhoja
Doctrine: Church
Original: ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις
Category: Church
Jude 1:12 (ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις). Early church fellowship meals, exploited from within by the false teachers. Must be distinguished from Hindu community feast/prasad customs, which carry ritual-merit associations; प्रेम-भोज names a shared meal grounded in Christ’s love, not a merit-conferring ritual offering.
Hidden Reefs
Approved rendering: छिपी हुई चट्टानें
Transliteration: chipī huī caṭṭāneṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: धब्बे/दाग (blemishes/stains — the alternative lexical sense of σπιλάδες)
Original: σπιλάδες
Category: Sin
Jude 1:12 (σπιλάδες). Genuine lexical ambiguity in the Greek (submerged rocks vs. moral stains); the reefs sense is adopted as primary, with the blemishes sense recorded as alternatives_considered per the standard ambiguity-handling protocol.
Shepherding Themselves
Approved rendering: अपने ही आपको चरानेवाले
Transliteration: apane hī āpako carānevāle
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες
Category: Church
Jude 1:12 (ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες). A pointed inversion of the shepherd-image: false shepherds who consume rather than care for the flock.
Wild Sea Waves
Approved rendering: समुद्र की उग्र लहरें, जो अपनी लज्जा को झाग के रूप में उछालती हैं
Transliteration: samudra kī ugra laharaṃ, jo apanī lajjā ko jhāga ke rūpa meṃ uchālatī haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κύματα ἄγρια θαλάσσης ἐπαφρίζοντα τὰς ἑαυτῶν αἰσχύνας
Category: Sin
Jude 1:13. Violent, uncontrolled waves churning up shame as foam; strong resonance in an honor/shame culture — flag for native speaker review per the baseline honor/shame routing rule.
Harsh Things Spoken Against Him
Approved rendering: जो कठोर बातें उसके विरुद्ध कहीं
Transliteration: jo kaṭhora bāteṃ usake viruddha kahīṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: τῶν σκληρῶν ὧν ἐλάλησαν κατ᾿ αὐτοῦ
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:15. Adds verbal defiance to the charge of ungodly deeds — words, not only actions, are judged.
Grumblers Faultfinders
Approved rendering: कुड़कुड़ानेवाले, दोष ढूंढ़नेवाले
Transliteration: kuḍakuḍānevāle, doṣa ḍhūṃḍhanevāle
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: γογγυσταί, μεμψίμοιροι
Category: Sin
Jude 1:16 (γογγυσταί, μεμψίμοιροι). Echoes Israel’s wilderness grumbling, linking the false teachers to another OT type of covenant-community rebellion.
Flattering For Gain
Approved rendering: लाभ के लिये लोगों की चापलूसी करते हैं
Transliteration: lābha ke liye logoṃ kī cāpalūsī karate haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα ὠφελείας χάριν
Category: Sin
Jude 1:16 (θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα ὠφελείας χάριν). Echoes Balaam’s mercenary corruption (1:11); the profit-motive theme recurs as the practical engine behind the teachers’ flattery.
Remember Words Of Apostles
Approved rendering: प्रेरितों के द्वारा पहले से कही गई बातें स्मरण करो
Transliteration: preritoṃ ke dvārā pahale se kahī gaī bāteṃ smaraṇa karo
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Testimony
Original: μνήσθητε τῶν ῥημάτων…τῶν ἀποστόλων
Category: Church
Jude 1:17. Anchors the warning in established apostolic prediction, not novel speculation; प्रेरित reused exactly from baseline above.
Mockers
Approved rendering: उपहास करनेवाले
Transliteration: upahāsa karanevāle
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Testimony
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:18 (ἐμπαῖκται). Those who deride and ridicule the faith with contempt, a predicted end-time sign.
Cause Divisions
Approved rendering: फूट डालनेवाले
Transliteration: phūṭa ḍālanevāle
Doctrine: Church
Original: ἀποδιορίζοντες
Category: Church
Jude 1:19 (ἀποδιορίζοντες). Names the false teachers’ practical church-dividing effect, fracturing the ‘common salvation’ community (1:3) from within.
Building Yourselves Up
Approved rendering: अपने आपको…बनाते हुए / दृढ़ करते हुए
Transliteration: apane āpako…banāte hue / dṛḍha karate hue
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: ἐποικοδομοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς
Category: Church
Jude 1:20 (ἐποικοδομοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς). The positive counter-command to the false teachers’ destructive divisiveness (1:19); conceptually adjacent to the baseline mutual-edification doctrine.
In The Love Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर के प्रेम में
Transliteration: Parameśvara ke prema meṃ
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἐν ἀγάπῃ θεοῦ
Category: God
Jude 1:21 (ἐν ἀγάπῃ θεοῦ). Names the sphere within which believers keep themselves — not isolated self-effort, but abiding within God’s own prior love. परमेश्वर reused exactly from baseline above.
Have Mercy With Fear
Approved rendering: भय के साथ दया करो
Transliteration: bhaya ke sātha dayā karo
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἐλεᾶτε ἐν φόβῳ
Category: Church
Jude 1:23 (ἐλεᾶτε ἐν φόβῳ). ‘Fear’ = reverent self-caution against being drawn into the same sin, not fear of the wavering person; a translator note clarifying this referent is advisable.
Garment Polluted By Flesh
Approved rendering: वस्त्र जो शरीर के द्वारा कलंकित है
Transliteration: vastra jo śarīra ke dvārā kalaṅkita hai
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα
Category: Sin
Jude 1:23 (τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα). Vivid ritual-purity-adjacent imagery applied metaphorically to moral corruption. शरीर reused in the concrete moral-defilement sense (see strange_flesh, defile_flesh above). Flag for native speaker review to ensure the image invokes moral, not Hindu ritual-purity (शुद्धि), categories.
Loved By God Father
Approved rendering: जो पिता परमेश्वर में प्रिय हैं
Transliteration: jo Pitā Parameśvara meṃ priya haiṃ
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: τοῖς…ἠγαπημένοις
Category: God
Jude 1:1 (τοῖς…ἠγαπημένοις). A perfect passive describing recipients’ settled, completed state of being loved by God the Father, grounding everything the letter will go on to warn about. परमेश्वर and पिता reused exactly from baseline above.
Glory Majesty Dominion Authority
Approved rendering: महिमा, महानता, पराक्रम, और अधिकार
Transliteration: mahimā, mahānatā, parākrama, aura adhikāra
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: δόξα μεγαλωσύνη κράτος καὶ ἐξουσία
Category: God
Jude 1:25 (δόξα μεγαλωσύνη κράτος καὶ ἐξουσία). महिमा reused exactly from baseline above; the remaining three terms are new. Keep terminologically consistent with the baseline doxology entry’s register.
Low Risk Terms
Amen
Approved rendering: आमीन
Transliteration: āmīna
Doctrine: Worship
Original: ἀμήν
Category: Worship
Transliterated liturgical affirmation. [Inherited from Romans/Galatians package.] Closes the Jude 1:25 doxology.
Boasting
Approved rendering: घमण्ड
Transliteration: ghamaṇḍa
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Excluded by the law of faith. [Inherited from Romans/Galatians package.] Reused in Jude 1:16 (‘their mouths speak great swelling/arrogant things’) — see mouths_speak_arrogant_things below.
Prophet
Approved rendering: भविष्यद्वक्ता
Transliteration: bhaviṣyadvaktā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषी
God’s spokesperson; not an astrologer/fortune-teller. [Inherited from Romans package.] Background category for Jude’s treatment of Enoch as a prophetic figure (1:14-15) — see enoch_seventh_from_adam below.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: भविष्यफल
God-inspired declaration, distinct from astrological prediction. [Inherited from Romans package.] The verb form भविष्यवाणी की renders Ἐπροφήτευσεν at Jude 1:14.
Doxology
Approved rendering: महिमा-गान
Transliteration: mahimā-gāna
Doctrine: Worship
Rejected alternatives: स्तुति
Original: δόξα μεγαλωσύνη κράτος καὶ ἐξουσία (closing formula genre)
Category: Worship
Names the closing praise-formula genre. [Inherited from Romans/Galatians package.] Jude 1:24-25 is this curriculum’s capstone doxology — see glory_majesty_dominion_authority and before_all_time_now_forever below for the specific fourfold formula and eternity-clause.
Beloved Address
Approved rendering: प्रिय
Transliteration: priya
Doctrine: General Address
Original: ἀγαπητοί
Category: Rhetoric
Affectionate pastoral address, ‘loved ones,’ opening and punctuating Jude’s exhortations (1:3, 1:17, 1:20). Standard epistolary term of affection; no collision with Hindu religious vocabulary.
Remind
Approved rendering: स्मरण कराना
Transliteration: smaraṇa karānā
Doctrine: General
Original: ὑπομνῆσαι
Category: Rhetoric
Jude 1:5. To bring back to mind something already known; anchors Jude’s warning in received OT history, not new revelation.
Sodom Gomorrah
Approved rendering: सदोम और गमोरा
Transliteration: Sodoma kai Gomorra
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:7. Proper names using established Hindi Bible transliteration; the third OT type of judgment named in Jude.
Example Of Judgment
Approved rendering: चेतावनी का उदाहरण
Transliteration: cetāvanī kā udāharaṇa
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: δεῖγμα
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:7 (δεῖγμα). A public, visible demonstration set forth as an ongoing warning-sign, not merely a closed past event.
Unreasoning Animals
Approved rendering: अबोध पशु
Transliteration: abodha paśu
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἄλογα ζῷα
Category: Sin
Jude 1:10 (ἄλογα ζῷα). Instinct-driven creatures, a self-condemning comparison for the false teachers’ pretensions to superior insight.
Waterless Clouds Fruitless Trees
Approved rendering: जल रहित बादल…निष्फल वृक्ष, दो बार मरे हुए, जड़ से उखड़े हुए
Transliteration: jala rahita bādala…niṣphala vṛkṣa, do bāra mare hue, jaḍa se ukhaṛe hue
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι, δένδρα ἄκαρπα, δὶς ἀποθανόντα ἐκριζωθέντα
Category: Sin
Jude 1:12. A nature-image cascade naming the false teachers as promise-without-substance and beyond-recovery barren. Should echo, by deliberate contrast, the established फल-family imagery from the baseline fruit_of_the_spirit entry without confusing the two — these men bear no fruit at all.
Wandering Stars
Approved rendering: भटकते हुए तारे
Transliteration: bhaṭakate hue tāre
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: ग्रह/नक्षत्र-आधारित ज्योतिष भाषा (astrological/horoscope-register enrichment — must not be added for local color)
Original: ἀστέρες πλανῆται
Category: Sin
Jude 1:13 (ἀστέρες πλανῆται). Ancient astronomical image of instability and departure from a fixed path. Render plainly; do not enrich with jyotish/horoscope-adjacent astrological connotation.
Mouths Speak Arrogant Things
Approved rendering: मुँह से बड़े-बड़े घमण्ड की बातें बोलते हैं
Transliteration: muṃha se baṛe-baṛe ghamaṇḍa kī bāteṃ bolate haiṃ
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: στόμα…λαλεῖ ὑπέρογκα
Category: Sin
Jude 1:16 (στόμα…λαλεῖ ὑπέρογκα). घमण्ड reused exactly from baseline boasting entry above, tying verbal self-exaltation to the established category.
Servant Slave
Approved rendering: दास
Transliteration: dāsa
Doctrine: General
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
Jude 1:1 (δοῦλος). Jude’s self-designation as a bond-servant of Christ, echoing James’s and Paul’s similar self-designations; consistent with the baseline सेवक/सेविका morpheme family.
Brother Of James
Approved rendering: याकूब का भाई
Transliteration: Yākūba kā bhāī
Doctrine: General
Original: ἀδελφὸς…Ἰακώβου
Category: Church
Jude 1:1. Familial/covenant identification establishing Jude’s identity, likely James the Lord’s brother.
Mercy Peace Love Multiplied
Approved rendering: दया, शांति, और प्रेम तुम में बहुत बढ़ती जाए
Transliteration: dayā, śānti, aura prema tuma meṃ bahuta baṛhatī jāe
Doctrine: General
Original: ἔλεος…εἰρήνη…ἀγάπη πληθυνθείη
Category: Church
Jude 1:2 (ἔλεος…εἰρήνη…ἀγάπη πληθυνθείη). दया and शांति both reused exactly from baseline above; a standard but weighty compound epistolary blessing.
With Great Joy
Approved rendering: अत्यन्त आनन्द के साथ
Transliteration: atyanta ānanda ke sātha
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:24 (ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει). The emotional register of the believer’s final presentation — exultant joy, not somber duty-fulfillment.
Through Jesus Christ Our Lord
Approved rendering: हमारे प्रभु यीशु मसीह के द्वारा
Transliteration: hamāre Prabhu Yīśu Masīha ke dvārā
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Jude’s Application)
Original: διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν
Category: Christology
Jude 1:25 (διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν). प्रभु and यीशु मसीह both reused exactly from baseline above; names Christ as the sole mediating agent of the doxology.
Referenced passages