Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — 1 Thessalonians (English → Manipuri)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, covering all five chapters of 1 Thessalonians. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and MUST be used exactly as recorded — no alternative renderings are permitted. New terms required for this curriculum are marked [NEW TERM] with a provisional rendering for confirmation in later Phase 1 steps (06 Linguistic Gap Analysis / native-speaker and theologian review). This file must be loaded into translation_memory.json (version increment) before Phase 2 translation begins.
Section A — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| Term | Original (Greek) | Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | নুংঙাইবগী পাউ | nungngaibagi pao | High | 1, 2 | Distinguish from festive Vaishnava-calendar “good news.” |
| Grace | χάρις | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং | mathou tadana piba tengbang | Critical | 1 | Never কৃপা without explicit bhakti-contrast. |
| Faith | πίστις | থাজবা | thajaba | High | 1, 3, 4, 5 | Object of faith must stay explicit; part of faith-love-hope triad (1:3; 5:8). |
| Called / Calling | κλητός / κλῆσις | কৌখিবা / কৌবগী থৌদাং | koukhiba / koubagi thoudang | High | 1, 2, 4, 5 | God’s effectual calling to holiness (4:7) and salvation (5:24). |
| Holy | ἅγιος | অসেংবা | asengba | High | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Root for saints/sanctification family below. |
| Saints | ἅγιοι | অসেংবা মীওই | asengba miwoi | High | 3 | 3:13, accompanying Christ at his coming; never গোসাঞি. |
| Sanctification | ἁγιασμός | অসেংবা ওইহনবা | asengba oihanba | High | 4, 5 | 4:3-7 is the letter’s doctrinal anchor passage for this term. |
| Resurrection | ἀνάστασις (ἀνίστημι, ἐγείρω) | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা | sibadagi hingjat-lakpa | Critical | 4 | NEVER পুনর্জন্ম. Identical phrase required in 4:14 and 4:16. |
| Lord | κύριος | মপু ইবুংগো | Mapu Ibungo | Critical | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 | NEVER ঠাকুর. Used with every parousia reference. |
| Peace | εἰρήνη | ইনগবা | ingba | Medium | 1 | Standard epistolary greeting. |
| Thanksgiving | εὐχαριστία | থাগৎচরি | thagatchari | Low | 1, 5 | 5:18, “give thanks in all circumstances.” |
| Church | ἐκκλησία | কলিসিয়া | kalisiya | Medium | 1 | Corporate identity “in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.” |
| Glory | δόξα | মতিক চাউবা | matik chauba | High | 2 | Avoid staged-radiance metaphors resembling Ras Lila imagery. |
| Salvation | σωτηρία | অহানবা | ahanba | Critical | 5 | Never মোক্ষ; part of the “helmet of hope of salvation” armor image. |
| Exhort / Encourage | παρακαλέω | থাওয়াই পীবা | thawai piba | Low | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Encouragement sense throughout; culminates in 4:18. |
| Prophecy | προφητεία | ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল | phongdokpa warol | Low | 5 | ”Do not despise prophecies” (5:20); distinct from maibi trance utterance. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον | থাওয়াই অসেংবা | Thawai Asengba | Critical | 1, 4, 5 | NEVER bare থাওয়াই — critical in 5:19 “do not quench the Spirit.” |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | জিসু | Jisu | Critical | throughout | Established form; verify against current printed edition. |
| Christ | Χριστός | ক্রিস্তো | Christo | Critical | throughout | ”In Christ” identity language (4:16; 5:18). |
| God | θεός | তেংবাং মপু | Tengban Mapu | Critical | throughout | NEVER ঠাকুর or সানামাহি. |
| Father | πατήρ | ইপা | Ipa | Critical | 1, 3 | ”God the Father” (1:1, 3:11, 3:13). |
Section B — New Terms Introduced by 1 Thessalonians
| Term | Original (Greek) | Provisional Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coming / Return of Christ (Parousia) | παρουσία | ক্রিস্তোগী অমুক হন্না লাকপা | Christogi amuk hanna lakpa | Critical | The Return of Christ | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Highest-priority new term. Must denote one singular, future, bodily, visible, universally-witnessed event. NEVER frame as a recurring avatar-descent pattern (cf. baseline অবতার prohibition for incarnation/son_of_god). Same rendering required at every occurrence (2:19; 3:13; 4:15; 5:23). Human theologian review mandatory. |
| Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα Κυρίου | মপু ইবুংগোগী নুমিৎ | Mapu Ibungogi numit | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 5 | Must denote a specific, personal, divinely-appointed day of judgment — never impersonal fate (ৱাইফম, already forbidden in baseline) or a cyclical/astrological category. Human theologian review mandatory. |
| Caught up / Rapture | ἁρπάζω (fut. pass. ἁρπαγησόμεθα) | লৈতেংদা থাংথোকপা | leitengda thangthokpa | Critical | Resurrection of Believers / Return of Christ | 4 | Corporate, sudden, bodily, once-for-all, done TO believers by God’s power. Must not resemble maibi trance-ascent/spirit-seizure in Lai Haraoba or Vaishnava devotional mystical-absorption imagery. Mandatory translator note distinguishing both. Human theologian review mandatory. |
| Asleep (euphemism for death) | κοιμᾶσθαι (κοιμωμένων / κοιμηθέντας) | তুম্লিবা | tumliba | Critical | Hope in Grief / Resurrection of Believers | 4 | Death-as-sleep euphemism must always be anchored to certain future bodily resurrection in the same context; must never imply rebirth/reincarnation (পুনর্জন্ম, forbidden) or an ongoing ancestral-spirit state (Apokpa). Same rendering required at both occurrences (4:13, 4:14/16). |
| Hope | ἐλπίς | আশা | asha | High | Hope in Grief | 1, 4, 5 | Must denote confident expectation of a specific promised future event (resurrection/parousia), distinct from Sanamahi ancestral-continuity assurance and from Vaishnava reincarnation/liberation hope. Requires explicit contrast teaching, not assumed equivalence. |
| Idols | εἴδωλα | লাই মুরুক | lai muruk | Critical | (Conversion/exclusivity of worship) | 1 | Names, without euphemism, the devotional-image category central to both live Meitei traditions (Vaishnava murti, Umang Lai representations). Requires careful, non-inflammatory framing and human theologian review. |
| Spirit, Soul, and Body (tripartite anthropology) | πνεῦμα, ψυχή, σῶμα | থাওয়াই / ওইশোই / হক্চাং | thawai / oishoi / hakchang | Critical | Sanctification | 5 | Genuinely difficult: bare থাওয়াই already spans spirit/soul and extends to ancestral/Umang Lai spirits in Sanamahi belief. Cannot be resolved by simple substitution — flag for dedicated theologian consultation rather than settling at glossary stage. |
| Quench the Spirit | πνεῦμα μὴ σβέννυτε | থাওয়াই অসেংবাবু হুমহনবা | Thawai Asengbabu humhanba | High | Sanctification | 5 | Must use full থাওয়াই অসেংবা (never bare থাওয়াই) as the object of the “extinguish” verb, per baseline holy_spirit rule. |
| Satan | Σατανᾶς | শয়তান | Shoytan | High | (Spiritual opposition) | 2, 3 | Personal, specific fallen adversary — must not be absorbed into the populated spirit-world of malevolent nature/ancestral spirits in Sanamahi belief. |
| Wrath (of God) | ὀργή | তেংবাং মপুগী অসাওবা | Tengban Mapugi asaoba | High | The Day of the Lord | 1, 5 | Personal, righteous, judicial anger — never impersonal fate (ৱাইফম, forbidden) or capricious nature-spirit temper. |
| Meet [the Lord] | ἀπάντησις | মপু ইবুংগোগা উন্নবা | Mapu Ibungoga unnaba | High | The Return of Christ | 4 | Singular eschatological event patterned generally on royal-welcome custom; must not be taught as paralleling periodic Lai Haraoba deity-welcome processions or the historic Pakhangba royal-lineage tradition. |
| Love | ἀγάπη | নুংশিবা | nungshiba | High | (Faith-love-hope triad) | 1, 4, 5 | Self-giving, others-oriented covenantal love — must be distinguished from Ras Lila’s romantic-devotional prema/priti theology. Part of the “breastplate of faith and love” (5:8). |
| Archangel | ἀρχάγγελος | স্বর্গদূতশিংগী মপু | swargadutshinggi mapu | Medium | The Return of Christ | 4 | Builds on new base term “angel” (স্বর্গদূত, swargadut); keep distinct from Umang Lai messenger-spirit figures. |
| Trumpet (of God) | σάλπιγξ | শিঙা | shinga | Medium-High | The Return of Christ | 4 | Distinguish from ritual conch-shell (শঙ্খ) signaling in Vaishnava temple arati; recommend translator note. |
| Endurance / Steadfastness | ὑπομονή | খাংনবা | khangnaba | Medium | (Faith-love-hope triad) | 1 | Provisional; confirm naturalness with Manipuri-speaking theologian. |
| Affliction / Tribulation | θλῖψις | ৱাহন্থাবা | wahanthaba | Low-Medium | (Suffering with joy) | 1, 2, 3 | 1:6, “much affliction, with the joy of the Holy Spirit.” |
| Sexual Immorality | πορνεία | ৱাথোকপা লৈনবা (descriptive) | wathokpa leinaba | High | Sanctification | 4 | Named, explicit content of the sanctification command (4:3); requires native speaker review for register. |
| Brotherly Love | φιλαδελφία | ইচিল-ইনাওগী নুংশিবা | ichil-inaogi nungshiba | Low | (Christian fellowship) | 4 | Built on the ἀγάπη-root নুংশিবা. |
| Taught by God | θεοδίδακτοι | তেংবাং মপুনা তম্বিবা | Tengban Mapuna tambiba | Low | (Sanctification) | 4 | 4:9. |
| Sons/Children of Light | υἱοὶ φωτός | মাংগলগী মচাশিং | mangalgi machashing | Medium | The Day of the Lord | 5 | Avoid overlap with Ras Lila staged-light imagery. |
| Watch and Be Sober | γρηγορέω / νήφω | মিৎ য়েংনা লৈবা | mit yengna leiba | Medium | The Day of the Lord | 5 | Ethical alertness, not passive fatalism. |
| Destruction | ὄλεθρος | মানহনবা | manhanba | Medium | The Day of the Lord | 5 | Sudden judicial catastrophe, not natural disaster alone. |
| Grief / Sorrow | λύπη (λυπέομαι) | পুক্নিং ৱাবা | pukning waba | Medium | Hope in Grief | 4 | Genuine grief is permitted; only hopeless grief (paired with ἐλπίς) is addressed. |
| Living and True (of God) | ζῶν καὶ ἀληθινός | হিংলিবা অমসুং অচুম্বা | hingliba amasung achumba | Critical (inherited from “God”) | (Conversion) | 1 | Polemical pairing with idols (1:9); render plainly, not as radiance-metaphor. |
| Blamelessly | ἀμέμπτως | মথৌ তাদনা | mathou tadana (context-shared root with “grace”) | Medium | Sanctification | 3 | Ensure read as Spirit-produced fruit, not self-achieved merit. |
Cross-Reference: Doctrine-to-Term Mapping (this curriculum’s five focus doctrines)
| Doctrine | Primary Terms | Highest Risk Tier |
|---|---|---|
| The Return of Christ | παρουσία, ἀπάντησις, ἀρχάγγελος, σάλπιγξ, καταβήσεται | Critical |
| Resurrection of Believers | ἀνάστασις (reused), κοιμᾶσθαι, ἁρπάζω | Critical |
| Sanctification | ἁγιασμός (reused), πορνεία, πνεῦμα καὶ ψυχὴ καὶ σῶμα, σβέννυτε | Critical |
| Hope in Grief | ἐλπίς, λύπη, φθάνω (precede) | High |
| The Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα Κυρίου, ὀργή, ὄλεθρος, υἱοὶ φωτός | Critical |
All new terms in Section B assigned Critical or High risk require human theologian review before Phase 2 translation; Medium-tier terms require native speaker review; Low-tier terms may proceed to automated review, per the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json review-routing convention.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং
Transliteration: mathou tadana piba tengbang
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা (bhakti-responsive favor toward a devoted follower, avoid as the primary term without explicit contrast), পুণ্য (merit accumulated through devotional service/seva, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Opens (1:1) and closes (5:28) the letter; must not collapse into Vaishnava bhakti’s কৃপা, a live and well-developed devotional framework, not a distant abstraction.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা
Transliteration: sibadagi hingjat-lakpa
Doctrine: Resurrection of Believers
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, a category absorbed into Meitei religious vocabulary through Vaishnavization, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις (ἀνίστημι / ἐγείρω)
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. MUST be lexically identical at 4:14 and 4:16 so the letter’s logical argument (Christ rose, therefore believers will rise) remains visible in translation.
Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগো
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungo
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (a devotional title for Krishna in Manipuri Vaishnava usage, avoid as the primary term)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Used with every parousia reference in this letter (2:19; 3:13; 4:15-17; 5:23).
Salvation
Approved rendering: অহানবা
Transliteration: ahanba
Doctrine: Assurance and Watchfulness
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষ (Vaishnava/Hindu liberation, never use), লাইনিং (union/absorption into a deity’s divine presence, never use as a stand-alone gloss)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the ‘helmet, the hope of salvation’ armor image (5:8); ‘God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation’ (5:9).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengba
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and the Warning against Quenching Him
Rejected alternatives: থাওয়াই alone (a generic spirit/soul, which in Sanamahi belief also names an ancestral or Umang Lai nature-spirit, never use without অসেংবা), শক্তি (a maibi’s oracular trance-power, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Received with joy amid affliction (1:5-6); critical in 5:19, ‘do not quench the Spirit’ — the full phrase must be the object of the ‘extinguish’ verb.
Jesus
Approved rendering: জিসু
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Christian Identity in Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Verify against current printed Manipuri Bible edition before finalizing.
Christ
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Christo
Doctrine: Christian Identity in Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (same rendering as the baseline ‘messiah’ entry). Used throughout as ‘the Lord Jesus Christ’ and in union-with-Christ language (‘the dead in Christ,’ 4:16).
God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Conversion from Idols to the Living God
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (a devotional title strongly associated with Krishna in Manipuri Vaishnavism, avoid as the primary term), সানামাহি (never use as the primary term for the biblical God)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Explicitly contrasted with idols in 1:9, ‘you turned to God from idols to serve a living and true God.‘
Father
Approved rendering: ইপা
Transliteration: Ipa
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Repeated formula ‘God the Father’ (1:1, 1:3, 3:11, 3:13).
Parousia
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তোগী অমুক হন্না লাকপা
Transliteration: Christogi amuk hanna lakpa
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (avatar-descent pattern, ABSOLUTELY FORBIDDEN — would imply a recurring divine descent rather than Christ’s one singular future bodily return), a bare transliterated Greek loanword ‘parousia’ (rejected as doctrinally opaque to a reading audience with low assumed OT/systematic-theology literacy)
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Highest-priority new term in this curriculum. Must denote ONE singular, future, historical, bodily, universally-witnessed event. Identical rendering required at every occurrence (1:10 [implied]; 2:19; 3:13; 4:15; 5:23). Human theologian review mandatory at every occurrence.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগোগী নুমিৎ
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungogi numit
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (impersonal fate/destiny, forbidden per Romans baseline ‘election’/‘providence’ entries), any existing Meitei calendrical or astrologically-reckoned festival-day category
Original: ἡμέρα Κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Built on the established মপু ইবুংগো (Lord). Must denote a specific, singular, future, divinely-appointed day of righteous judgment by a personal God (5:1-11). Human theologian review mandatory.
Caught Up
Approved rendering: লৈতেংদা থাংথোকপা
Transliteration: leitengda thangthokpa
Doctrine: Resurrection of Believers
Rejected alternatives: any vocabulary describing a maibi’s ritual trance-ascent or perceived seizure by an Umang Lai deity during Lai Haraoba, any vocabulary describing Vaishnava bhakti’s hoped-for mystical absorption into Krishna’s presence
Original: ἁρπάζω (fut. pass. ἁρπαγησόμεθα)
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:17. Corporate, sudden, bodily, once-for-all gathering of living believers, done TO them entirely by God’s power. Mandatory translator note distinguishing from both listed alternatives. Human theologian review mandatory.
Asleep
Approved rendering: তুম্লিবা
Transliteration: tumliba
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Rejected alternatives: any framing compatible with পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, forbidden), any framing implying an ongoing Apokpa ancestral-spirit continuity state
Original: κοιμᾶσθαι (κοιμωμένων / κοιμηθέντας)
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Death-as-sleep euphemism; must always be anchored in the same or immediately adjacent clause to সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা (resurrection). Identical rendering required at 4:13 and 4:14/16.
Idols
Approved rendering: লাই মুরুক
Transliteration: lai muruk
Doctrine: Conversion from Idols to the Living God
Rejected alternatives: euphemistic softening of any kind (rejected — would blunt 1:9’s explicit conversion polemic)
Original: εἴδωλα
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Names, without euphemism, the exact category central to both live Meitei traditions: Vaishnava murti temple images and the sacred representations honored at Umang Lai groves during Lai Haraoba. A direct address to currently practiced devotional life, not a historical abstraction. Requires careful, non-inflammatory framing and human theologian review.
Living And True God
Approved rendering: হিংলিবা অমসুং অচুম্বা তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: hingliba amasung achumba Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Conversion from Idols to the Living God
Original: θεὸς ζῶν καὶ ἀληθινός
Category: God
NEW TERM, built on the baseline ‘god’ entry. Polemical pairing against idols in 1:9. ‘Living’ and ‘true’ rendered plainly, not as light/glory metaphors echoing Ras Lila staged divine-radiance imagery.
Tripartite Anthropology
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই / ওইশোই / হক্চাং
Transliteration: thawai / oishoi / hakchang
Doctrine: The Wholeness of the Believer (Spirit, Soul, and Body)
Rejected alternatives: resolving by simple lexical substitution without qualification (rejected — bare থাওয়াই already spans spirit/soul and extends to ancestral/Umang Lai nature-spirits in Sanamahi cosmology)
Original: πνεῦμα καὶ ψυχὴ καὶ σῶμα
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM, PROVISIONAL. Flagged for dedicated theologian consultation before Phase 2; not settled at glossary stage. 5:23, ‘spirit and soul and body … at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.’ Must not imply three separable component-spirits of the kind populating Sanamahi belief.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: নুংঙাইবগী পাউ
Transliteration: nungngaibagi pao
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Reception
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (translation, transliteration, and risk tier unchanged). In 1 Thessalonians, received ‘not as the word of men but … as the word of God’ (2:13); must be distinguished from festive Vaishnava-calendar ‘good news’ announcements (Ras Lila performances, Krishna Janmashtami) and from any Sanamahi oral-tradition category of received communal teaching (1:5-6; 2:2-9; 2:13).
Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবা
Transliteration: thajaba
Doctrine: The Faith-Love-Hope Triad
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (bhakti, devoted loving worship, too specific to the Vaishnava devotional framework)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith (‘that Jesus died and rose,’ 4:14) must remain explicit; part of the recurring faith-love-hope triad (1:3; 3:6-10; 5:8).
Called
Approved rendering: কৌখিবা
Transliteration: koukhiba
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: καλέω / κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must be distinguished from a maibi being ritually seized/called by an Umang Lai deity during Lai Haraoba trance. 1:4; 2:12; 4:7; 5:24.
Calling
Approved rendering: কৌবগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: koubagi thoudang
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Noun form kept structurally parallel to কৌখিবা.
Holy
Approved rendering: অসেংবা
Transliteration: asengba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শেংবা (physically clean, ritual-purity sense only)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Root of the saints/sanctification word family used throughout this letter (2:10; 3:13; 4:3-8; 5:23).
Saints
Approved rendering: অসেংবা মীওই
Transliteration: asengba miwoi
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: গোসাঞি/বৈষ্ণব (Vaishnava renunciant devotee title, never use)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 3:13, ‘with all his saints’ accompanying Christ’s parousia.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: অসেংবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: asengba oihanba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 4:3-8 is the letter’s densest ethical content (‘this is the will of God, your sanctification’); 5:23 closes with the sanctification/tripartite-anthropology prayer. Practical stakes rise toward Critical in this curriculum even though the term itself inherits High tier.
Glory
Approved rendering: মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: matik chauba
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2:19-20, ‘our glory and joy’ at his coming; avoid staged-radiance metaphors resembling Ras Lila performance imagery.
Abba
Approved rendering: আব্বা
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly occurring in 1 Thessalonians, but retained for cross-curriculum consistency should intertextual references to Romans 8 arise in derived study materials.
Hope
Approved rendering: আশা
Transliteration: asha
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Rejected alternatives: Sanamahi ancestral-continuity assurance (the deceased’s থাওয়াই remaining in relation to the living through the Apokpa cult) treated as an assumed equivalent, Vaishnava reincarnation/liberation hope (rebirth toward eventual মোক্ষ or devotional union with Krishna) treated as an assumed equivalent
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Must denote confident expectation of a specific, promised future event (bodily resurrection, Christ’s return), not vague optimism. Requires explicit contrast teaching at every occurrence (1:3; 4:13; 5:8).
Wrath
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী অসাওবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi asaoba
Doctrine: The Wrath of God and Coming Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (impersonal fate, forbidden per Romans baseline), framing as capricious nature-spirit temper
Original: ὀργή
Category: God
NEW TERM. God’s personal, righteous, judicial anger against sin, from which Jesus delivers believers (1:10; 5:9).
Quench The Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবাবু হুমহনবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengbabu humhanba
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and the Warning against Quenching Him
Rejected alternatives: bare থাওয়াই as the object of the ‘extinguish’ verb (forbidden — would read as dismissing/banishing a nature-spirit or ancestral presence)
Original: πνεῦμα μὴ σβέννυτε
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. 5:19. Must use the full থাওয়াই অসেংবা phrase without exception, per baseline holy_spirit rule.
Satan
Approved rendering: শয়তান
Transliteration: Shoytan
Doctrine: Spiritual Opposition (Satan)
Rejected alternatives: absorption into the populated spirit-world of Sanamahi belief (malevolent nature-spirits, restless ancestral spirits)
Original: Σατανᾶς
Category: Sin
NEW TERM, a transliteration attested widely in regional Indic Christian usage; confirm against current printed Manipuri Bible. Must be taught as a single, specific, personal fallen being (2:18; 3:5).
Meet The Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগোগা উন্নবা
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungoga unnaba
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: ceremonial vocabulary specific to royal reception of the ningthou in the historic Pakhangba-descent tradition, Lai Haraoba’s communal Umang Lai deity-welcome procession vocabulary
Original: ἀπάντησις
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:17. Singular eschatological event patterned generally on royal-welcome custom; mandatory translator note distinguishing it from both listed periodic/political customs.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: নুংশিবা
Transliteration: nungshiba
Doctrine: The Faith-Love-Hope Triad
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি / প্রেম-প্রীতি (Vaishnava bhakti’s romantic-devotional prema/priti theology, central to Ras Lila, never use as the primary term)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Self-giving, others-oriented covenantal love; part of the faith-love-hope triad (1:3) and the ‘breastplate of faith and love’ (5:8).
Trumpet
Approved rendering: শিঙা
Transliteration: shinga
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: শঙ্খ (ritual conch-shell signal used in Vaishnava temple arati, never use)
Original: σάλπιγξ (θεοῦ)
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:16. Mandatory translator note distinguishing the divine judgment/assembly summons from temple ritual conch-signaling.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: ৱাথোকপা লৈনবা
Transliteration: wathokpa leinaba
Doctrine: Sexual Purity as an Expression of Sanctification
Original: πορνεία
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. 4:3-8, the explicit, named content of the sanctification command. Requires native speaker review for register and directness appropriate to formal Manipuri Christian teaching.
Always With The Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগোগা লোয়ননা লৈরকখিবা
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungoga loyanna leirakkhiba
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Rejected alternatives: framing resembling the bhakti-devotional aspiration of eternal nearness-to-Krishna
Original: πάντοτε σὺν Κυρίῳ ἐσόμεθα
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:17b, the passage’s climactic pastoral comfort. Must denote permanent, personal fellowship with the Lord, not devotional-union absorption, per baseline salvation notes.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: ইনগবা
Transliteration: ingba
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Opening greeting (1:1); contrasted with the false human ‘peace and security’ claim judged at the Day of the Lord (5:3).
Church
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়া
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (a Vaishnava temple, never use), উমাং লাই থাবা (an Umang Lai sacred grove worship site, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Opening formula ‘the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ’ (1:1).
Archangel
Approved rendering: স্বর্গদূতশিংগী মপু
Transliteration: swargadutshinggi mapu
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Rejected alternatives: Umang Lai forest/guardian-deity messenger vocabulary
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM, built on new base term ‘angel’ (স্বর্গদূত, swargadut), which has no prior attested rendering in the Romans baseline. Keep distinct from Umang Lai messenger-spirit figures. 4:16.
Endurance
Approved rendering: খাংনবা
Transliteration: khangnaba
Doctrine: The Faith-Love-Hope Triad
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Faith
NEW TERM, provisional. ‘Steadfastness of hope’ (1:3). Confirm naturalness with a Manipuri-speaking theologian before wide deployment.
Affliction
Approved rendering: ৱাহন্থাবা
Transliteration: wahanthaba
Doctrine: The Faith-Love-Hope Triad
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. 1:6, ‘much affliction, with the joy of the Holy Spirit’; the joy-amid-suffering paradox must not be softened into either stoic endurance or ritual-merit suffering.
Sons Of Light
Approved rendering: মাংগলগী মচাশিং
Transliteration: mangalgi machashing
Doctrine: Assurance and Watchfulness
Original: υἱοὶ φωτός
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 5:5. Avoid vocabulary overlapping with staged divine-radiance imagery associated with Ras Lila performance lighting.
Watch And Sober
Approved rendering: মিৎ য়েংনা লৈবা
Transliteration: mit yengna leiba
Doctrine: Assurance and Watchfulness
Rejected alternatives: passive-fatalism-compatible vigilance vocabulary
Original: γρηγορέω καὶ νήφω
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 5:6. Must convey active ethical alertness, not passive fatalistic waiting resembling impersonal-fate resignation.
Destruction
Approved rendering: মানহনবা
Transliteration: manhanba
Doctrine: The Wrath of God and Coming Judgment
Original: ὄλεθρος
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 5:3. Must be read as sudden divine judicial catastrophe coming on those who say ‘peace and security,’ not merely natural disaster.
Grief
Approved rendering: পুক্নিং ৱাবা
Transliteration: pukning waba
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Original: λύπη (λυπέομαι)
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. 4:13. Genuine grief is permitted by Paul; only hopeless grief (paired with ‘as others who have no hope’) is corrected — the qualifying clause carries the doctrinal risk, not this word alone.
Blamelessly
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা
Transliteration: mathou tadana
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἀμέμπτως
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM, shares root with the baseline ‘grace’ term. 3:13, ‘blameless in holiness.’ Must be read as Spirit-produced fruit of grace, not self-achieved merit, per the baseline’s bhakti-merit contrast notes.
Descend
Approved rendering: স্বর্গদগী লাকপা
Transliteration: swargadagi lakpa
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Original: καταβήσεται (καταβαίνω)
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:16, ‘the Lord himself will come down.’ Plain verb of downward motion; must preserve the emphatic personal-subject force (‘he himself’) anchored explicitly to মপু ইবুংগো.
Precede
Approved rendering: হান্না চৎকদবা
Transliteration: hanna chatkadaba
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Original: φθάνω (φθάσωμεν)
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:15. The negation (‘will NOT precede’) must be preserved exactly; softening or reversing it would invert the passage’s pastoral comfort.
Word Of The Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগোগী ৱাহৈ
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungogi wahei
Doctrine: Gospel Proclamation and Reception
Original: λόγος Κυρίου
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. 4:15. Built on the established ‘Lord’ term; grounds the parousia teaching in direct revelation rather than apostolic speculation.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: থাগৎচরি
Transliteration: thagatchari
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Rejoicing
Original: εὐχαριστία (εὐχαριστέω)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 1:2; 5:18, ‘give thanks in all circumstances.‘
Exhort
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই পীবা
Transliteration: thawai piba
Doctrine: Hope in Grief
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Encouragement sense (not entreaty) throughout ch. 2-5; culminates in 4:18, ‘encourage one another with these words.‘
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল
Transliteration: phongdokpa warol
Doctrine: Prophecy and Spirit-Led Worship
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 5:20, ‘do not despise prophecies’; distinct from a maibi’s trance utterance during Lai Haraoba.
Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: ইচিল-ইনাওগী নুংশিবা
Transliteration: ichil-inaogi nungshiba
Doctrine: Brotherly Love and Church Fellowship
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Church
NEW TERM, built on the নুংশিবা (agapē) root. 4:9-10.
Taught By God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুনা তম্বিবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapuna tambiba
Doctrine: Brotherly Love and Church Fellowship
Original: θεοδίδακτοι
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. 4:9, the claim that God himself has instructed believers in brotherly love.
Clouds
Approved rendering: লৈচিল
Transliteration: leichil
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Original: νεφέλαι
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:17. Ordinary word for clouds; theophany association (Exod 19; Dan 7:13; Acts 1:9) can be taught contextually rather than requiring a special term.
Air
Approved rendering: অতিয়া
Transliteration: atiya
Doctrine: The Return of Christ (Parousia)
Original: ἀήρ
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 4:17. Ordinary word for sky/air; locates the meeting as real, physical, and spatial.
Thief In The Night
Approved rendering: অহোংবদা লাকপা হুরানবা
Transliteration: ahongbada lakpa huranaba
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: κλέπτης ἐν νυκτί
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. 5:2. Stock image for the unpredictable, sudden arrival of the Day of the Lord; not a claim about the moral character of the Lord’s coming. Translate the image plainly if no natural Manipuri idiom exists.
Referenced passages