Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Matthew 1–28 (English → Manipuri)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning the core passage (Matthew 5:1-12) and every chapter of Matthew. Terms marked [Baseline Reuse] are fixed exactly as recorded in the Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json and MUST NOT be altered. Terms marked [New — Matthew] are proposed here for the first time and must be added to translation_memory.json at the start of Phase 2 processing, per the Language Package’s term-addition procedure (assign risk level, flag for theologian review if Critical/High, increment version).
A. Baseline Terms Reused in Matthew (Verbatim — Do Not Alter)
| English Term | Manipuri | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Key Matthew Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | নুংঙাইবগী পাউ | nungngaibagi pao | High | Gospel | 4:23; 24:14; 26:13 |
| grace | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং | mathou tadana piba tengbang | Critical | Grace | 20:1-16 (vineyard workers) |
| faith | থাজবা | thajaba | High | Faith | 8:10; 9:22; 15:28; 17:20 |
| righteousness | অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক | achumba chatnabirak | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:6,10,20; 6:1,33 |
| justification | অচুম্বা ওইহনবা | achumba oihanba | Critical | Salvation | 12:37 (justified by words) |
| salvation | অহানবা | ahanba | Critical | Salvation | 1:21; 10:22; 24:13 |
| apostle | তবিদগী থাবিরকপা | tabidagi thabirakpa | Medium | Apostleship | 10:2 |
| called | কৌখিবা | koukhiba | High | Divine Calling | 4:21; 5:9,19; 22:14 |
| calling | কৌবগী থৌদাং | koubagi thoudang | High | Divine Calling | (conceptual, 4:21ff) |
| holy | অসেংবা | asengba | High | Sanctification | 7:6; 27:52 (holy ones raised) |
| saints | অসেংবা মীওই | asengba miwoi | High | Sainthood | 27:52 |
| sanctification | অসেংবা ওইহনবা | asengba oihanba | High | Sanctification | (conceptual, ch.5-7) |
| adoption | মচা ওইনা লৌবা | macha oina louba | High | Adoption | 5:9,45 (sons of God) |
| resurrection | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা | sibadagi hingjat-lakpa | Critical | Resurrection | 16:21; 17:23; 22:23-33; 27:53; 28:1-10 |
| lord | মপু ইবুংগো | Mapu Ibungo | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 7:21-22; 8:2,25; 15:22 |
| son_of_god | তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা | Tengban Mapugi machanupa | Critical | Sonship/Deity of Christ | 3:17; 14:33; 16:16; 27:54 |
| incarnation | মীওইগী মহৈ লৌবা | miwoigi mahai louba | Critical | Incarnation | 1:18-25 |
| peace | ইনগবা | ingba | Medium | Peace | 5:9; 10:13,34 |
| spiritual_gifts | থাওয়াইগী খুদোল | thawaigi khudol | Medium | Spiritual Gifts | 10:1,8 (authority/gifting for ministry) |
| thanksgiving | থাগৎচরি | thagatchari | Low | Thanksgiving | 15:36; 26:27 |
| fellowship | লোইনবা | loinaba | Low | Christian Fellowship | (conceptual, disciple community) |
| church | কলিসিয়া | kalisiya | Medium/Critical | Church / Church Discipline | 16:18; 18:17 |
| kingdom_of_god | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক | Tengban Mapugi leipak | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven | see §B “kingdom of heaven” |
| law | য়াথাং | yathang | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 5:17-18; 7:12; 22:36-40 |
| sin | পাপ | pap | High | Universal Human Accountability | 1:21; 3:6; 9:2-6; 26:28 |
| gentiles | অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ | atoppa phurup | Medium | Great Commission / Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 4:15; 10:5,18; 12:18,21; 28:19 |
| glory | মতিক চাউবা | matik chauba | High | Deity of Christ | 16:27; 17:2 (Transfiguration); 24:30; 25:31 |
| obedience_of_faith | থাজবগী ইনবা | thajabagi inba | High | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 7:24-27; 28:20 |
| power_of_god | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা | Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba | High | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 22:29; 24:30 |
| messiah | ক্রিস্তো | Christo | Critical | Jesus as the Promised Messiah | 1:1,16-17; 16:16,20; 24:5,23; 26:63-68 |
| prophet | তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা | tongan tonganba phongdokpa | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 1:22; 2:5,15,17,23; 5:12,17; 13:17,35; 21:4; 23:29-37 |
| prophecy | ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল | phongdokpa warol | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | (conceptual, fulfillment formulas throughout) |
| covenant | ৱারেপ্পা | wareppa | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Lord’s Supper | 26:28 |
| election | তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা | Tengban Mapugi khanba | High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 22:14; 24:22,24,31 |
| intercession | মখোয়গী মফমদা হায়জবা | makhoigi mafamda haijaba | Medium | Prayer | 5:44 (pray for persecutors) |
| providence | তেংবাং মপুগী থৌরাং | Tengban Mapugi thourang | High | Discipleship (anxiety/trust) | 6:25-34; 10:29-31 |
| mission | পাউ সন্দোকপগী থৌদাং | pao sandokpagi thoudang | Medium | Great Commission | 28:19-20 |
| david | দাউদ | Daud | Medium | Son of David | 1:1,6,17,20; 9:27; 12:3,23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9,15; 22:42-45 |
| israel | ইস্রায়েল | Israel | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 2:6,20-21; 8:10; 10:6,23; 15:24; 19:28 |
| jesus | জিসু | Jisu | Critical | throughout | throughout |
| god | তেংবাং মপু | Tengban Mapu | Critical | throughout | throughout |
| holy_spirit | থাওয়াই অসেংবা | Thawai Asengba | Critical | Incarnation / Great Commission | 1:18,20; 3:11,16; 12:28,31-32; 28:19 |
| father | ইপা | Ipa | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven / Discipleship | 5:16,45,48; 6:9; 7:11,21; 28:19 |
| abba | আব্বা | Abba | High | (not in Matthew directly; retained for cross-document consistency) | — |
| exhort | থাওয়াই পীবা | thawai piba | Low | Comfort (Beatitudes) | 5:4 |
| seed_of_david | দাউদগী চা-চাহি | Daudgi cha-chahi | High | Son of David / Fulfillment of Prophecy | 1:1-17 (genealogy) |
| imputed_righteousness | পীথোকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক | pithokpa achumba chatnabirak | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | (conceptual, 5:20; 6:33) |
B. New Terms Introduced by Matthew (Propose for Addition to Translation Memory)
| English Term | Manipuri | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Key Passages | Rejected Alternatives / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| blessed | তেংবাং মপুনা নুংঙাইহনবা | Tengban Mapuna nungngaihanba | High | Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) | 5:3-11 | Reject ধন্য (bhakti merit-blessing association) |
| kingdom of heaven | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক (= kingdom_of_god) | Tengban Mapugi leipak | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven | 5:3,10,19-20; 13; 18:1-4; 19:14,23 | Reject literal স্বর্গ-compound; retain baseline equivalence with kingdom_of_god |
| heaven (standalone) | স্বর্গ | swarga | High | Kingdom of Heaven | 5:12,16,34,45; 6:9,20; 16:19 | Must be re-anchored as God’s dwelling/throne, not Vaishnava svarga/Vaikuntha/Goloka merit-paradise |
| spirit (human, non-Holy-Spirit sense) | থাওয়াই (qualified, never bare in Holy Spirit contexts) | thawai | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) | 5:3; 26:41 | Must not be confused with Holy Spirit or Sanamahi ancestral/nature spirits |
| earth / world (γῆ) | মালেম | malem | Medium | Kingdom of Heaven | 5:5,13,18; 6:10,19 | Deliberately distinct lexeme from লৈপাক (kingdom) to avoid confusion |
| disciple (μαθητής) | ইনবা-তমজবা | inaba-tamjaba | Medium/High | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 5:1; 10:1,24,42; 28:19 | Distinguish from guru-śiṣya bhakti lineage discipleship and maiba apprenticeship |
| follow (ἀκολουθέω) | ইনবা | inaba | Medium | Discipleship | 4:20,22; 8:19,22; 16:24; 19:27-29 | — |
| Son of David (title) | দাউদগী মচানুপা | Daudgi machanupa | Critical | Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David | 1:1; 9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9,15; 22:42-45 | Distinguish from Pakhangba-descent royal-divine lineage ideology |
| Immanuel | ইম্মানুএল | Immanuel | Critical | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Incarnation | 1:23 | Pairs with baseline incarnation entry; never gloss with avatar language |
| virgin (παρθένος) | শেংবা নুপীমচা | shengba nupimacha | Critical | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Incarnation | 1:23 | Must not be softened to “young woman” |
| angel (ἄγγελος) | স্বর্গগী থাবিরকপা | swargagi thabirakpa | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy (birth narratives) | 1:20,24; 2:13,19; 28:2,5 | Distinguish from Umang Lai deities and ancestral spirits; never an object of worship |
| worship / do homage (προσκυνέω) | খুরুমজবা / তেংবাং মপুবু খুরুমজবা | khurumjaba | Critical | Deity of Christ | 2:2,11; 8:2; 14:33; 15:25; 28:9,17 | Distinguish ordinary obeisance to a superior/king from exclusive worship of God; flag every occurrence |
| king (βασιλεύς, of Jesus) | নিংথৌ | ningthou | High | Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David | 2:2; 21:5; 27:11,37 | Not legitimated by, nor parallel to, Pakhangba-lineage royal-divine ideology |
| baptism / baptize | বাপ্তিস্মা | baptisma | Critical | Great Commission | 3:1-17; 28:19 | Distinguish from Vaishnava ritual bathing (snana) and Sanamahi purificatory washing |
| repentance (μετάνοια) | পুকনিং হোংদোকপা | pukning hongdokpa | High | Kingdom of Heaven | 3:2,8,11; 4:17; 11:20-21 | Distinguish from ritual atonement (prayaschitta) |
| devil / Satan | সয়তান | sayotan | Critical | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 4:1-11; 13:39; 25:41 | Never use লাই-root vocabulary; not the Umang Lai |
| fulfill (πληρῶσαι) | মপুং ফাহনবা | mapung phahanba | Critical | Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy | 1:22; 2:15,17,23; 4:14; 5:17; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35; 21:4; 26:54,56; 27:9 | Linear, one-time fulfillment; not a cyclical avatar-sequence |
| scribes and Pharisees | শাস্ত্রী অমসুং ফরিসী | shastri amasung Pharisi | High | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:20; 15:1; 23:1-36 | Historically bounded 1st-century Jewish party; not Brahmin priests or maiba/maibi |
| Gehenna / hell | গেহেন্না | Gehenna | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 5:22,29,30; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15,33 | Never নরক (cyclical Hindu hell); teach as final and eternal |
| perfect / complete (τέλειος) | মপুং ফাবা | mapung phaba | Medium | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:48 | Covenant maturity, not flawless self-achieved sinlessness |
| hypocrite (ὑποκριτής) | মিত মায় তানবা মীওই | mit maya tanba miwoi | High | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 6:2,5,16; 7:5; 23:13-29 | Critiques insincerity, not ritual performance traditions themselves |
| forgive / forgiveness | কোকপা | kokpa | High | Discipleship / Great Commission | 6:12,14-15; 18:21-35; 26:28 | Not a karma-debt repayment framework |
| mammon | মামোনা | mamona | Medium | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 6:24 | Personified rival master to God |
| narrow gate | হানথারবা থোং | hanthariba thong | Medium | Judgment and the End of the Age | 7:13-14 | Exclusivity of the way of salvation |
| false prophet | অহোংবা ফোংদোকপা | ahongba phongdokpa | Medium | Judgment and the End of the Age | 7:15; 24:11,24 | — |
| authority (ἐξουσία) | ঠাকফম | thakpham | Critical | The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 7:29; 8:9; 9:6,8; 21:23-27; 28:18 | Inherent divine authority, not derived from office, lineage, or ritual training |
| demon / unclean spirit | অশিবা থাওয়াই | ashiba thawai | Critical | Discipleship / Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 8:16,28-33; 9:32-34; 10:1,8; 12:22-28 | Never conflate with honored Umang Lai or ancestral spirits |
| serpent (wisdom metaphor) | লিন্ | lin | High | Discipleship | 10:16 | Not an allusion to Pakhangba, the Meitei ancestral serpent-deity |
| cross (σταυρός) | ক্রুশ | krush | Critical | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 10:38; 16:24; 27:32-42 | Self-denying identification with Christ’s suffering, not general hardship |
| life / soul (ψυχή) | হিংবা | hingba | High | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 10:28,39; 16:25-26 | Context-sensitive vs. থাওয়াই; disambiguate at each occurrence |
| rest (ἀνάπαυσις) | পোৎথাবা | potthaba | Medium/High | Kingdom of Heaven | 11:28-29 | Not moksha or absorption-rest; relational rest with a personal God |
| Sabbath | সাব্বাথ | sabbath | Medium | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 12:1-14 | Israelite covenant institution; no native calendrical equivalent |
| Son of Man | মীওইগী মচানুপা | miwoigi machanupa | Critical | Jesus as the Promised Messiah / Deity of Christ | 8:20; 9:6; 12:8; 16:13,27-28; 17:22; 20:28; 24:27-44; 25:31; 26:64 | Daniel 7 authority-title, not a statement of mere humanity; keep distinct from Son of God |
| blasphemy against the Spirit | থাওয়াই অসেংবাবু থিনবা | thawai asengbabu thinaba | Critical | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 12:31-32 | Persistent, willful rejection of the Spirit’s testimony to Christ |
| parable (παραβολή) | ওয়ারী-পান্দম | wari-pandam | Medium/High | Kingdom of Heaven | 13:3-53; throughout | Distinguish from Ras Lila katha/lila storytelling and folk-tale genre |
| end of the age (συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος) | তাইবাংপানগী মায়োক্তুংবা | taibangpangi mayoktungba | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 13:39-40,49; 24:3; 28:20 | Linear, final; not a cyclical yuga/kalpa renewal |
| Peter / rock (Πέτρος/πέτρα) | পিতর / নুংশিত্ | Pitar / nungshit | High | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:18 | Frame as Christ’s foundation via Peter’s confession, not personal ecclesial supremacy claim |
| keys of the kingdom; bind/loose | থোংগী চাবী; পুননবা/ৱাখোকপা | thonggi chabi; punnaba/wakhokpa | High | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:19; 18:18 | Delegated declarative authority, not ritual/magical binding power |
| temple (ἱερόν, historical Jerusalem Temple) | তেংবাং মপুগী সাং | Tengban Mapugi sang | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 21:12-13,23; 24:1-2; 26:61; 27:51 | Not মন্দির; unique old-covenant sanctuary, superseded by the church |
| chief priests and elders | ৱাক্কক পুরোহিতশিং অমসুং অহলশিং | wakkak purohitshing amasung ahalshing | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 21:23,45; 26:3,47,57-59; 27:1,20 | Bounded 1st-century Jewish office; not Brahmin priests or maiba/maibi |
| love (ἀγαπάω, Great Commandment) | নুংশিবা | nungshiba | Medium | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 22:37-39 | Distinguish from Vaishnava bhakti-prema devotional love for Krishna |
| eternal life (αἰώνιον ζωήν) | লোমননা হিংবা | lomanna hingba | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 19:16,29; 25:46 | Not moksha; positive relational fellowship with God, not escape from a cycle |
| ransom (λύτρον) | মরি পীবা | mari piba | Critical | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 20:28 | Substitutionary atoning payment, not bhakti self-offering |
| parousia / second coming | ক্রিস্তোগী অমুক লাক্লগনি | Christogi amuk laklagani | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:3,27,37,39 | Christ’s unique, final return; not a further avatar-descent |
| tribulation (θλῖψις) | ৱাহোং য়াম্লবা | wahong yamlaba | Medium | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:9,21,29 | — |
| the elect (ἐκλεκτοί, adj.) | খনরবা | khanraba | High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:22,24,31 | Reuse baseline election root তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা |
| judgment (κρίσις/κρίνω, final) | ৱায়েল থীবা | wayel thiba | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 25:31-46 | Personal divine tribunal, not impersonal karma |
| eternal punishment / fire | লোমননা করকপা / চীংবা | lomanna karakpa / chingba | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 25:41,46 | Final and eternal; not temporary Hindu naraka |
| Passover (πάσχα) | পাস্খা | paskha | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 26:2,17-19 | Distinguish from Manipuri devotional festival calendar |
| Lord’s Supper body/blood | হাক্চাং / ঈ (ৱারেপ্পাগী) | hakchang / i (wareppagi) | Critical | Fulfillment of Prophecy (atonement) | 26:26-28 | Not prasad food-exchange; commemorates Christ’s own atoning death |
| crucify (σταυρόω) | ক্রুশদা পাক্কা য়োৎপা | krushda pakka yotpa | Critical | Discipleship / Fulfillment of Prophecy | 27:22-50 | Historical center of the atonement, reuse ক্রুশ (cross) root |
| all authority (πᾶσα ἐξουσία) | স্বর্গ অমসুং মালেমগী ঠাকফম পুম্নমক | swarga amasung malemgi thakpham pumnamak | Critical | The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 28:18 | Unqualified universal scope; climax of authority doctrine |
| make disciples (μαθητεύω) | তমজবা ওইহনবা | tamjaba oihanba | Critical | The Great Commission | 28:19 | Frame as the church’s own calling, not a colonial/ethnically-coded project; not guru-śiṣya recruitment |
C. Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Kingdom of Heaven vs. Kingdom of God: always render identically as তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক; the distinction is stylistic in the source text, not theological.
- Son of Man vs. Son of God: two visually and lexically distinct Manipuri phrases (মীওইগী মচানুপা vs. তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা) must never be interchanged; both are Critical-risk titles of divine authority.
- থাওয়াই disambiguation: every occurrence of bare থাওয়াই (human spirit, Matt 5:3, 26:41) or qualified অশিবা থাওয়াই (demon) must carry a translator note distinguishing it from থাওয়াই অসেংবা (Holy Spirit) and from Sanamahi ancestral/Umang Lai spirit categories.
- হিংবা vs. থাওয়াই: “life/soul” (ψυχή) sayings use হিংবা, never থাওয়াই, to prevent conflation with Holy-Spirit vocabulary.
- স্বর্গ (heaven) risk: every occurrence requires contextual framing as God’s dwelling/throne, never Vaishnava svarga/Vaikuntha/Goloka.
- Consistency with Romans package: গেহেন্না, লোমননা হিংবা, and ক্রিস্তোগী অমুক লাক্লগনি must be used consistently in any future cross-curriculum (Romans + Matthew) materials alongside the Romans baseline’s অহানবা, সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা, and তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা.
- All Critical/High new terms in Section B require human theologian review before Phase 2 deployment, per the escalation rules in
12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Load this glossary alongside 07_semantic_analysis.md and the baseline translation_memory.json/bible_term_registry.json/doctrine_risk_registry.json before Phase 2 Matthew segment translation begins. All new terms in Section B must be added to translation_memory.json (version increment) before processing any segment containing them.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং
Transliteration: mathou tadana piba tengbang
Doctrine: Grace Exceeding Merit
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা (bhakti-responsive divine favor, avoid as primary term), পুণ্য (merit accumulated through devotional service, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Matthew’s clearest illustrative text is the vineyard workers parable (20:1-16), the curriculum’s Grace Exceeding Merit doctrine; must resist a bhakti-responsive কৃপা reading in which the workers’ differing labor ‘earns’ differing favor.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (Hindu-derived cosmic/religious duty, avoid)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Central to the core passage’s Beatitudes (5:6,10) and to 5:20, 6:1,33; must not collapse into merit accumulated through bhakti/seva devotional service or ধর্ম-style duty.
Justification
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: achumba oihanba
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ময়ামদা কোকপা (forgiveness alone, too narrow)
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιωθήσῃ
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Echoed at Matthew 12:37 (‘by your words you will be justified’).
Salvation
Approved rendering: অহানবা
Transliteration: ahanba
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষ (Vaishnava liberation, never use), লাইনিং (union/absorption into a deity’s presence, never use)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named at Jesus’s naming (1:21, ‘he will save his people from their sins’) and required for final perseverance (10:22; 24:13).
Resurrection
Approved rendering: সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা
Transliteration: sibadagi hingjat-lakpa
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Predicted three times for Christ (16:21; 17:23), argued for generally against the Sadducees (22:23-33), narrated historically (27:53; 28:1-10). NEVER পুনর্জন্ম.
Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগো
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungo
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-specific devotional title, avoid)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Addressed to Jesus by petitioners (8:2,25; 15:22) and claimed falsely by those rejected at judgment (7:21-22).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi machanupa
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (avatar, explicit downgrade, never use)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Declared by the Father (3:17), confessed after the storm (14:33) and by Peter (16:16), confirmed by the centurion (27:54). Kept lexically distinct from son_of_man (মীওইগী মচানুপা).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: মীওইগী মহৈ লৌবা
Transliteration: miwoigi mahai louba
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (never use)
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (concept, cf. 1:18-25)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Matthew’s incarnation text is the virgin conception narrative (1:18-25); must be distinguished from the recurring divine descent celebrated in the Ras Lila devotional dance tradition.
Church
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়া
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (Vaishnava temple, never use), উমাং লাই থাবা (Umang Lai sacred grove, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (translation/transliteration unchanged); doctrine_risk ELEVATED from Medium (Romans) to Critical for Matthew because 16:18 and 18:17 are the founding texts of the whole Church-and-Discipline doctrine block. Must remain clearly distinct from মন্দির and the Umang Lai sacred grove, and from any ritual court exercised by a maiba/maibi.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi leipak
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package verbatim; risk ELEVATED to Critical for Matthew because this exact phrase also renders ‘kingdom of heaven’ (βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν, ~32 occurrences) with total, deliberate consistency. See kingdom_of_heaven entry below.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Christo
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Matthew’s opening word (1:1), confessed at 16:16,20, warned against falsely at 24:5,23, tried at 26:63-68.
Jesus
Approved rendering: জিসু
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: throughout
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Given at 1:21 with the stated meaning ‘the LORD saves.‘
God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional framework, avoid), সানামাহি (Sanamahi household deity, never use as primary term for the biblical God)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Addressed throughout as ‘your/our Father in heaven’; confessed exclusively at the Trinitarian baptismal formula (28:19).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengba
Doctrine: Sanctification / The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: থাওয়াই alone (never use; also names Sanamahi ancestral/Umang Lai spirits), শক্তি (maibi trance-power, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Active at the virgin conception (1:18,20), Jesus’s baptism (3:11,16), his exorcisms (12:28), the unforgivable-sin text (12:31-32), and the baptismal formula (28:19). Matthew’s demon vocabulary (chs. 8-12) makes the full-form requirement especially urgent.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: পীথোকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: pithokpa achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: ফংলকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক (earned righteousness, rejected opposite)
Original: concept (cf. δικαιοσύνη in 5:20; 6:33)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Underlies Matthew 5:20 (‘unless your righteousness exceeds…’) and 6:33 (‘seek first…his righteousness’).
Kingdom Of Heaven
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi leipak
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Rejected alternatives: a coined স্বর্গ-compound (literal ‘heaven’s kingdom,’ rejected: risks Vaishnava svarga/Vaikuntha/Goloka merit-paradise associations and would create a second, competing kingdom-term)
Original: βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
Category: Kingdom
NEW - Matthew. Matthew’s characteristic phrase (~32 occurrences: 4:17; 5:3,10,19-20; 13:1-52; 18:1-4; 19:14,23-24). Deliberately rendered identically to kingdom_of_god; this decision must be stated explicitly to reviewers, not passed over silently, and applied with total consistency.
Spirit Human
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই
Transliteration: thawai
Doctrine: Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Original: πνεῦμα (human sense)
Category: Anthropology
NEW - Matthew. The human spirit/inner disposition, NOT the Holy Spirit: ‘poor in spirit’ (5:3, core passage), ‘the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak’ (26:41). Must NEVER carry the অসেংবা qualifier here; bare থাওয়াই also names Sanamahi ancestral/Umang Lai spirits, so a translator note distinguishing one’s own inner human থাওয়াই from both the Holy Spirit and the populated Sanamahi spirit-world is mandatory at first occurrence.
Son Of David
Approved rendering: দাউদগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: Daudgi machanupa
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. A fixed messianic title claiming Jesus’s legal Davidic throne-right (2 Sam 7:12-16 background); Matthew’s opening claim (1:1) and repeated acclamation (9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9,15; 22:42-45). Must not be read through the Pakhangba-descent royal-divine kingship lens.
Immanuel
Approved rendering: ইম্মানুএল
Transliteration: Immanuel
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: Ἐμμανουήλ (Heb. עִמָּנוּ אֵל)
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. ‘God with us,’ the prophetic name fulfilled in Jesus’s birth (1:23); glossed at first occurrence as ‘তেংবাং মপু আইখোয়গা লোয়ননা লৈবি.’ Bookends the Gospel with ‘I am with you always’ (28:20). NEVER glossed with অবতার-adjacent language implying a temporary divine visitation.
Virgin
Approved rendering: শেংবা নুপীমচা
Transliteration: shengba nupimacha
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: a bare ‘young woman’ gloss (rejected: softens the doctrinal content)
Original: παρθένος
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. παρθένος (1:23); the miraculous mechanism of the Incarnation, safeguarding both Christ’s full humanity and unique divine origin. Requires human theologian review at every occurrence.
Worship
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুবু খুরুমজবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapubu khurumjaba
Doctrine: Worship of Christ
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. προσκυνέω; ranges from ordinary respectful খুরুমজবা (obeisance to a superior) to full religious worship. Every occurrence directed at Jesus (2:2,11; 8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; 20:20; 28:9,17) must be confirmed as full, exclusive worship, not flattened into social courtesy or mistaken for Vaishnava temple image-veneration. Flagged Critical for theologian review at every occurrence.
Baptism
Approved rendering: বাপ্তিস্মা
Transliteration: baptisma
Doctrine: Baptism
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). βάπτισμα/βαπτίζω; John’s baptism (ch. 3), Jesus’s own baptism, and the Great Commission’s initiation rite (28:19). Must be sharply distinguished from Vaishnava ritual bathing (snana) and Sanamahi purificatory washing; a one-time sign of repentance and union with Christ, not a repeatable purificatory rite.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: সয়তান
Transliteration: sayotan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare: Satan and Demons
Rejected alternatives: any লাই-root compound (never use; would equate Satan with the honored Umang Lai)
Original: διάβολος / σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). διάβολος/σατανᾶς; tests Jesus (ch. 4), destined for eternal fire (13:39; 25:41). A real, hostile, personal being categorically distinct from Umang Lai deities or ancestral spirits honored in either living Meitei tradition.
Fulfill
Approved rendering: মপুং ফাহনবা
Transliteration: mapung phahanba
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: πληρόω / πληρῶσαι
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew. πληρόω/πληρῶσαι; recurs at the fulfillment-formula throughout (1:22; 2:15,17,23; 4:14; 5:17; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35; 21:4; 26:54,56; 27:9). Must be rendered identically at every occurrence; teach as linear, historical, one-time fulfillment, never a repeatable cyclical avatar-sequence pattern.
Gehenna
Approved rendering: গেহেন্না
Transliteration: Gehenna
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: নরক (standard Bengali/Hindu hell term implying temporary, rebirth-bound punishment; never use)
Original: Γέεννα
Category: Judgment
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). Final, eternal divine judgment by fire (5:22,29,30; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15,33), distinct from Hades. Requires theologian review at every occurrence.
Authority
Approved rendering: ঠাকফম
Transliteration: thakpham
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. ἐξουσία; contrasted with derivative scribal authority at 7:28-29 (the Sermon’s climax, immediately following the core passage), claimed to forgive sins (9:6,8), challenged by the chief priests (21:23-27), declared universal at the resurrection (28:18). Must be distinguished from scribal, Brahmin-pandit, and maiba/maibi derivative authority.
Demon
Approved rendering: অশিবা থাওয়াই
Transliteration: ashiba thawai
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare: Satan and Demons
Original: δαιμόνιον / δαίμων
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW - Matthew. δαιμόνιον/δαίμων; a personal, hostile, sub-satanic being cast out by Jesus and the Twelve (8:16,28-33; 9:32-34; 10:1,8; 12:22-28). অশিবা must ALWAYS accompany থাওয়াই without exception; never confused with the honored, worship-recipient Umang Lai or revered ancestral spirits (Apokpa).
Cross
Approved rendering: ক্রুশ
Transliteration: krush
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: σταυρός
Category: Discipleship
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). σταυρός; metaphorical for self-denying discipleship (10:38; 16:24) and literal at the crucifixion (27:32-42). A single consistent term across all occurrences; not a general metaphor for any hardship.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: মীওইগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: miwoigi machanupa
Doctrine: The Son of Man Title
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, Daniel 7:13-14’s exalted, authoritative, dominion-receiving figure (~30 occurrences: 8:20; 9:6; 12:8; 16:13,27-28; 17:22; 20:28; 24:27-44; 25:31; 26:64). Must be kept lexically/visually distinct from son_of_god (তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা vs. মীওইগী মচানুপা); never a lesser, merely-human title. Requires theologian review at every occurrence.
Blasphemy Against Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবাবু থিনবা
Transliteration: thawai asengbabu thinaba
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα
Category: Sanctification
NEW - Matthew. The unforgivable sin (12:31-32): persistent, willful rejection of the Spirit’s testimony to Christ. Combines থাওয়াই অসেংবা (always in full) with a slander/revile verb; must be taught precisely, not vaguely, to avoid pastoral misapplication.
End Of Age
Approved rendering: তাইবাংপানগী মায়োক্তুংবা
Transliteration: taibangpangi mayoktungba
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος (13:39-40,49; 24:3; 28:20); the final, decisive close of the present age at Christ’s return. Must be taught as strictly linear and final, in explicit contrast to any cyclical yuga/kalpa world-age-renewal framework; rendered with total consistency.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: লোমননা হিংবা
Transliteration: lomanna hingba
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Punishment
Original: αἰώνιος ζωή
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. αἰώνιος ζωή (19:16,29; 25:46), the goal of discipleship and reward of the righteous. Not moksha, nor a bhakti devotee’s hoped-for eternal nearness to Krishna in Vaikuntha/Goloka; positive, unending, relational fellowship with the one true God.
Ransom
Approved rendering: মরি পীবা
Transliteration: mari piba
Doctrine: Atonement as Ransom
Original: λύτρον
Category: Salvation
NEW - Matthew. λύτρον (20:28), Christ’s substitutionary self-giving, ‘a ransom for many.’ Distinguished from bhakti self-offering or Vaishnava lila’s devotionally enacted self-giving; a singular, historical, substitutionary atoning payment.
Parousia
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তোগী অমুক লাক্লগনি
Transliteration: Christogi amuk laklagani
Doctrine: The Second Coming
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. παρουσία (24:3,27,37,39), Christ’s promised, visible, glorious, singular return. Must never be framed as anticipating a further avatar-descent within an open-ended Vaishnava sequence; one incarnation, one final parousia.
Judgment
Approved rendering: ৱায়েল থীবা
Transliteration: wayel thiba
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: κρίσις / κρίνω
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. κρίσις/κρίνω, God’s/Christ’s final, personal, individualized tribunal, climactic at 25:31-46. Distinguished from an impersonal, automatic karma-based cosmic retribution mechanism; a personal Judge rendering a personal verdict.
Eternal Punishment
Approved rendering: লোমননা করকপা / চীংবা
Transliteration: lomanna karakpa / chingba
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Punishment
Original: πῦρ αἰώνιον / κόλασις αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
NEW - Matthew. πῦρ αἰώνιον/κόλασις αἰώνιος (25:41,46), the final, everlasting fate of the unrighteous, the binary counterpart to eternal life. Explicitly contrasted with any temporary, cyclical Hindu naraka/rebirth framework.
Lords Supper
Approved rendering: এইগী হাক্চাং / এইগী ঈ, ৱারেপ্পাগী
Transliteration: eigi hakchang / eigi i, wareppagi
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: τὸ σῶμά μου / τὸ αἷμά μου τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew. τὸ σῶμά μου/τὸ αἷμά μου τῆς διαθήκης (26:26-28), instituting the Lord’s Supper. Must be clearly distinguished from prasad (food ritually offered to and returned from a deity’s image in Vaishnava practice); reuses the baseline covenant term ৱারেপ্পা exactly.
Crucify
Approved rendering: ক্রুশদা পাক্কা য়োৎপা
Transliteration: krushda pakka yotpa
Doctrine: Atonement as Ransom
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Salvation
NEW - Matthew. σταυρόω (27:22-50), the literal historical execution of Christ, the atonement’s historical center. Reuses the ক্রুশ (cross) root; joins ransom (ch. 20) and covenant-blood (ch. 26) vocabulary.
All Authority
Approved rendering: স্বর্গ অমসুং মালেমগী ঠাকফম পুম্নমক
Transliteration: swarga amasung malemgi thakpham pumnamak
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: πᾶσα ἐξουσία ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. πᾶσα ἐξουσία ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς (28:18), the risen Christ’s universal, cosmic authority, the basis for the Great Commission. Must retain unqualified universality per the baseline’s universality-preservation rule.
Make Disciples
Approved rendering: তমজবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: tamjaba oihanba
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: μαθητεύω
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew. μαθητεύω (28:19), the Great Commission’s central command, universal in scope. Framed as the church’s own calling, not a foreign or ethnically-coded colonial project; distinguished from the guru-śiṣya devotional discipleship-recruitment pattern of Vaishnava bhakti lineages.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: নুংঙাইবগী পাউ
Transliteration: nungngaibagi pao
Doctrine: Gospel / Kingdom of Heaven
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. In Matthew also renders ‘the gospel of the kingdom’ (εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας, 4:23; 24:14; 26:13); must convey an authoritative royal announcement of the in-breaking kingdom, not a generic festival announcement of the kind associated with the Vaishnava devotional calendar (Ras Lila performances, Krishna Janmashtami).
Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবা
Transliteration: thajaba
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (too specific to Vaishnava devotional framework)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Occurs at 8:10 (centurion); 9:22 (hemorrhaging woman); 15:28 (Canaanite woman); 17:20 (mountain-moving faith). The object of faith (Jesus) must always be explicit.
Called
Approved rendering: কৌখিবা
Transliteration: koukhiba
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Original: κλητός / καλέω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Context-sensitive across 4:21 (disciple call), 5:9,19 (sonship/kingdom identity), 22:14 (‘many are called, but few are chosen’).
Calling
Approved rendering: কৌবগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: koubagi thoudang
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Conceptually present throughout the disciple-call narratives beginning at 4:18-22.
Holy
Approved rendering: অসেংবা
Transliteration: asengba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শেংবা (ritual-purity sense only)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Used at 7:6 (‘do not give what is holy to dogs’) and of the ‘holy ones’ raised at 27:52.
Saints
Approved rendering: অসেংবা মীওই
Transliteration: asengba miwoi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: গোসাঞি/বৈষ্ণব (Vaishnava renunciant-devotee title, never use)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Narrow textual occurrence at 27:52; conceptually the corporate identity shared by all of Matthew’s disciples.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: অসেংবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: asengba oihanba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Underlies the Sermon on the Mount’s ethical demands (chs. 5-7).
Adoption
Approved rendering: মচা ওইনা লৌবা
Transliteration: macha oina louba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία (concept)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named as the Beatitude promise ‘they will be called sons of God’ (5:9) and ‘sons of your Father’ (5:45); the full inheritance-rights sense must be taught explicitly given traditional yumnak (clan) kinship’s birth-lineage inheritance model.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. The reason for Jesus’s saving name (1:21), addressed by John’s baptism (3:6), forgiven by Jesus’s authority (9:2-6), atoned for at the cross (26:28).
Glory
Approved rendering: মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: matik chauba
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Unveiled visibly at the Transfiguration (17:2); promised at the Son of Man’s return (16:27; 24:30; 25:31). Avoid metaphors conflating with Ras Lila performance staging’s Krishna-radiance evocation.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবগী ইনবা
Transliteration: thajabagi inba
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তিগী সেবা (works-based devotional service, avoid)
Original: ὑπακοὴ πίστεως (concept)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Echoed in the wise-builder image (7:24-27) and the Great Commission’s ‘observe all that I have commanded’ (28:20).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (maibi trance-power/goddess-power, avoid)
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Invoked at the Sadducees’ ignorance rebuke (22:29); displayed at the Son of Man’s coming (24:30).
Covenant
Approved rendering: ৱারেপ্পা
Transliteration: wareppa
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper / Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named explicitly at the Last Supper: ‘my blood of the covenant’ (26:28).
Election
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi khanba
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (fate, never use)
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή (concept)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named in ‘many are called but few are chosen’ (22:14) and the elect gathered at the Son of Man’s return (24:22,24,31).
Providence
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী থৌরাং
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi thourang
Doctrine: Discipleship (Anxiety and Trust)
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (fate, never use)
Original: concept (cf. 6:25-34; 10:29-31)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Taught through the birds/lilies discourse (6:25-34) and the sparrows saying (10:29-31).
Father
Approved rendering: ইপা
Transliteration: Ipa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Addressed throughout the Sermon on the Mount (5:16,45,48; 6:9; 7:11,21) and named in the baptismal formula (28:19).
Abba
Approved rendering: আব্বা
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: אַבָּא (not in Matthew directly; retained for cross-document consistency)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Not used directly in Matthew’s Greek text but retained for cross-curriculum consistency when teaching 6:9 alongside Romans 8:15.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: দাউদগী চা-চাহি
Transliteration: Daudgi cha-chahi
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ (concept, cf. genealogy 1:1-17)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Physical Davidic descent established through the genealogy (1:1-17), legally grounding Jesus’s messianic throne-right; requires explicit OT covenant background to avoid a Pakhangba-lineage-type misreading.
Blessed
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুনা নুংঙাইহনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapuna nungngaihanba
Doctrine: Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Rejected alternatives: ধন্য (Vaishnava devotee’s responsive, merit-adjacent blessedness from Krishna’s favor/darshan; excluded outright)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Kingdom
NEW - Matthew. Core passage term (Matthew 5:3-11, 9 occurrences). A state of God-pronounced favor declared as fact, not a wish or a reward for devotional achievement. Flagged for human theologian review at every occurrence.
Heaven
Approved rendering: স্বর্গ
Transliteration: swarga
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: οὐρανός
Category: God
NEW - Matthew. Standalone occurrences (not ‘kingdom of heaven’): treasures in heaven (6:20), reward in heaven (5:12), the Father who is in heaven (5:16,45; 6:9), keys of heaven (16:19). Every occurrence requires contextual framing as God’s dwelling/throne, never Vaishnava svarga/Vaikuntha/Goloka.
Disciple
Approved rendering: ইনবা-তমজবা
Transliteration: inaba-tamjaba
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: μαθητής
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew. μαθητής; the primary audience of the Sermon on the Mount (5:1, core passage setting) and the ongoing object of Jesus’s teaching, sending, and warning throughout Matthew. Must be distinguished from a Vaishnava guru’s śiṣya (bhakti-lineage devotional pupil) and from a maiba’s ritual apprentice.
King Of Jesus
Approved rendering: নিংথৌ
Transliteration: ningthou
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: βασιλεύς (of Jesus)
Category: Christology
NEW - Matthew. βασιλεύς applied to Jesus (2:2; 21:5; 27:11,37), contrasted with Herod’s false kingship (ch. 2). নিংথৌ ties historically to the Pakhangba-descent royal-divine ideology; must be taught explicitly as superior to, and not legitimated by, that lineage-divine framework.
Repentance
Approved rendering: পুকনিং হোংদোকপা
Transliteration: pukning hongdokpa
Doctrine: Repentance
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Salvation
NEW - Matthew. μετάνοια/μετανοέω; preached by John (3:2,8) and Jesus (4:17; 11:20-21) as preparation for the in-breaking kingdom. Distinguished from ritual atonement (prayaschitta) and Sanamahi ritual-offense purification.
Scribes And Pharisees
Approved rendering: শাস্ত্রী অমসুং ফরিসী
Transliteration: shastri amasung Pharisi
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι
Category: Righteousness
NEW - Matthew. γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι; whose external righteousness disciples must exceed (5:20, core-passage-adjacent) and whose hypocrisy Jesus denounces (ch. 23). Must be taught as a historically bounded 1st-century Jewish party, never generalized to Brahmin priestly specialists or Sanamahi maiba/maibi.
Hypocrite
Approved rendering: মিত মায় তানবা মীওই
Transliteration: mit maya tanba miwoi
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: ὑποκριτής
Category: Righteousness
NEW - Matthew. ὑποκριτής; insincere religious display in prayer/fasting/almsgiving (6:2,5,16) and the scribes’/Pharisees’ teaching (7:5; 23:13-29). Critiques insincerity, never a blanket judgment on ritual performance traditions themselves (Ras Lila, Lai Haraoba ceremonial forms).
Forgive
Approved rendering: কোকপা
Transliteration: kokpa
Doctrine: Forgiveness
Original: ἀφίημι
Category: Discipleship
NEW - Matthew. ἀφίημι; petitioned in the Lord’s Prayer (6:12,14-15), the unforgiving-servant parable (18:21-35), and named at the Last Supper (26:28). A direct relational release granted by God and modeled between people, not a karma-debt repayment framework.
Serpent Wisdom
Approved rendering: লিন্
Transliteration: lin
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ὄφις (wisdom metaphor)
Category: Discipleship
NEW - Matthew. ὄφις, a pure wisdom/shrewdness metaphor: ‘wise as serpents, innocent as doves’ (10:16), with no reference to any deity. A translator note preventing an implicit Pakhangba (the Meitei ancestral serpent-deity) allusion is mandatory.
Life Soul
Approved rendering: হিংবা
Transliteration: hingba
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ψυχή
Category: Discipleship
NEW - Matthew. ψυχή, ‘one’s whole self/life,’ sometimes approaching ‘soul, that which survives death’: ‘whoever finds his life will lose it’ (10:39); ‘what will it profit a man…if he loses his soul?’ (16:25-26). Rendered হিংবা, never থাওয়াই, to avoid conflating with Holy-Spirit/human-spirit vocabulary established at 5:3.
Rest
Approved rendering: পোৎথাবা
Transliteration: potthaba
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: ἀνάπαυσις
Category: Kingdom
NEW - Matthew. ἀνάπαυσις (11:28-29, ‘Come to me…I will give you rest’); must be distinguished from moksha (release from the cycle of rebirth) and from bhakti’s final-absorption aspiration; present relational relief and future eschatological rest with a personal God.
Parable
Approved rendering: ওয়ারী-পান্দম
Transliteration: wari-pandam
Doctrine: Parables and Kingdom Revelation
Original: παραβολή
Category: Kingdom
NEW - Matthew. παραβολή; Jesus’s characteristic kingdom-teaching method (ch. 13 and throughout), simultaneously revealing and concealing truth. Distinguished from the Vaishnava katha/lila storytelling tradition and ordinary Meitei phunga wari folktale entertainment.
Peter Rock
Approved rendering: পিতর / নুংশিত্
Transliteration: Pitar / nungshit
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: Πέτρος / πέτρα
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew. The founding wordplay of 16:18 (Πέτρος/πέτρα); teach carefully that the ‘rock’ foundation is Peter’s confession of Christ, not a claim about Peter’s personal ecclesial supremacy. Proper name transliterated (পিতর); wordplay element paraphrased (নুংশিত্) and explained via translator note rather than forced into an artificial pun.
Keys Bind Loose
Approved rendering: থোংগী চাবী / পুননবা-ৱাখোকপা
Transliteration: thonggi chabi / punnaba-wakhokpa
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας / δέω / λύω
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew. Delegated administrative authority (keys) and authoritative teaching-rulings (bind/loose), first given to Peter (16:19), applied corporately at 18:18. Declarative spiritual authority, not magical or ritually-generated power; distinguish from any ritual binding/loosing power exercised by a maiba or maibi over spirits.
Temple
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী সাং
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi sang
Doctrine: The Temple and Old Covenant Fulfillment
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (Vaishnava temple category, never use)
Original: ἱερόν
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew. ἱερόν, the historical Jerusalem Temple, cleansed by Jesus (21:12-13), whose destruction he predicts (24:1-2) and whose curtain tears at his death (27:51). The one, unique, God-ordained old-covenant meeting place, categorically different from Vaishnava image-centered temple worship; superseded by the church, not by any subsequent physical shrine.
Chief Priests Elders
Approved rendering: ৱাক্কক পুরোহিতশিং অমসুং অহলশিং
Transliteration: wakkak purohitshing amasung ahalshing
Doctrine: The Temple and Old Covenant Fulfillment
Original: ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew. ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ πρεσβύτεροι, the Jewish ruling religious authorities opposing Jesus, especially in the Passion narrative (21:23,45; 26:3,47,57-59; 27:1,20). পুরোহিত must be explicitly bounded as a specific historical Jewish office, never generalized to Brahmin priests or Sanamahi maiba/maibi.
The Elect
Approved rendering: খনরবা
Transliteration: khanraba
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (impersonal fate, never use)
Original: ἐκλεκτοί
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. ἐκλεκτοί (24:22,24,31), those sovereignly chosen by God. Reuses the baseline election root; distinguished from royal-divine-lineage selection of the Pakhangba-descent type.
Passover
Approved rendering: পাস্খা
Transliteration: paskha
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: πάσχα
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). πάσχα, the Israelite deliverance-commemoration meal, setting of the Last Supper (26:2,17-19). Introduces sacrificial-lamb typology fulfilled in Christ’s death; distinguished from the Manipuri devotional festival calendar (Ras Lila cycles, Krishna Janmashtami).
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: তবিদগী থাবিরকপা
Transliteration: tabidagi thabirakpa
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Title given to the Twelve at their commissioning (10:2).
Peace
Approved rendering: ইনগবা
Transliteration: ingba
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named as a Beatitude fruit (‘peacemakers,’ 5:9) and as the disruptive, not merely pacific, peace Jesus brings (10:13,34).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: থাওয়াইগী খুদোল
Transliteration: thawaigi khudol
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (maibi trance-power, avoid)
Original: χαρίσματα (concept, cf. ἐξουσία/δύναμις in 10:1,8)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Given to the Twelve for healing and exorcism ministry (10:1,8).
Law
Approved rendering: য়াথাং
Transliteration: yathang
Doctrine: Sabbath and the Law
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (Vaishnava religious-duty sense, avoid)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Object of Jesus’s fulfillment, not abolition (5:17-18); summarized in the Great Commandment (22:36-40).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ
Transliteration: atoppa phurup
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named in the fulfillment formula (4:15; 12:18,21), initially excluded from the Twelve’s mission (10:5), then explicitly commissioned (28:19).
Intercession
Approved rendering: মখোয়গী মফমদা হায়জবা
Transliteration: makhoigi mafamda haijaba
Doctrine: Prayer
Original: concept (cf. προσεύχεσθε ὑπὲρ, 5:44)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Commanded specifically for persecutors (5:44).
Mission
Approved rendering: পাউ সন্দোকপগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: pao sandokpagi thoudang
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω (concept)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Realized fully in the Great Commission (28:19-20); frame as the church’s own calling, not a foreign or ethnically-coded project, given the historical entanglement of mission work with colonial-era administration and contemporary inter-community sensitivities in Manipur.
David
Approved rendering: দাউদ
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Anchor of Matthew’s genealogy (1:1,6,17,20) and recurring acclamation title (9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9,15; 22:42-45).
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Named in the fulfillment formula (2:6), the Twelve’s initial mission scope (10:6,23; 15:24), and the promise of judging the twelve tribes (19:28).
Earth World
Approved rendering: মালেম
Transliteration: malem
Doctrine: Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Rejected alternatives: লৈপাক (rejected here specifically to avoid confusion with ‘kingdom’)
Original: γῆ
Category: Kingdom
NEW - Matthew. γῆ, ‘earth/land/world’: ‘they will inherit the earth’ (5:5, core passage), salt/light domain (5:13), ‘on earth as in heaven’ (6:10). Deliberately a distinct lexeme from লৈপাক (kingdom) to prevent lexical confusion in adjacent Beatitude verses.
Follow
Approved rendering: ইনবা
Transliteration: inaba
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀκολουθέω
Category: Church
NEW - Matthew. ἀκολουθέω; from the first call of Peter and Andrew (4:20,22) through the cost-of-discipleship sayings (8:19,22; 16:24; 19:27-29). Distinct from ordinary crowd-following (ὄχλος-vocabulary).
Angel
Approved rendering: স্বর্গগী থাবিরকপা
Transliteration: swargagi thabirakpa
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: দেবতা/লাই-root vocabulary (would imply angels are minor deities or Umang Lai-equivalent spirit-beings; never use)
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
NEW - Matthew. A created, personal messenger of God, active in the birth narratives (1:20,24; 2:13,19) and at the resurrection (28:2,5). Never an object of worship; distinguished from the Umang Lai and ancestral থাওয়াই.
Perfect
Approved rendering: মপুং ফাবা
Transliteration: mapung phaba
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: τέλειος
Category: Righteousness
NEW - Matthew. τέλειος (5:48, closing the core-passage chapter’s antitheses); taught as wholehearted covenant maturity, not flawless self-achieved sinlessness, which would collapse into a works-righteousness reading the grace entry guards against.
Mammon
Approved rendering: মামোনা
Transliteration: mamona
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: μαμωνᾷ
Category: Discipleship
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). Wealth personified as a rival master to God, contrasted with wholehearted service to God (6:24).
Narrow Gate
Approved rendering: হানথারবা থোং
Transliteration: hanthariba thong
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: στενὴ πύλη
Category: Judgment
NEW - Matthew. The exclusive, difficult way that leads to life (7:13-14); pairs with the baseline salvation entry’s insistence on Christ’s unique, finished work as the sole path, not one of several valid ways alongside the Ras Lila devotional path or the Sanamahi path.
False Prophet
Approved rendering: অহোংবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: ahongba phongdokpa
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: ψευδοπροφήτης
Category: Judgment
NEW - Matthew. ψευδοπροφήτης; warned against at 7:15 and predicted to increase before the end (24:11,24). Built on the baseline prophet root with negation.
Sabbath
Approved rendering: সাব্বাথ
Transliteration: sabbath
Doctrine: Sabbath and the Law
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant
NEW - Matthew (transliteration). σάββατον; the subject of controversy over its proper observance (12:1-14). No native Meitei calendrical equivalent; distinguished from Lai Haraoba or Vaishnava festival-calendar rhythms.
Love Command
Approved rendering: নুংশিবা
Transliteration: nungshiba
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: Righteousness
NEW - Matthew. ἀγαπάω; covenantal, whole-person love for God and neighbor summarizing the Law (22:37-39). Distinguished from bhakti’s devotional love (prema/bhakti-rasa) for Krishna within the Ras Lila tradition.
Tribulation
Approved rendering: ৱাহোং য়াম্লবা
Transliteration: wahong yamlaba
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Eschatology
NEW - Matthew. θλῖψις, great distress preceding the end, described in the Olivet Discourse (24:9,21,29).
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: থাগৎচরি
Transliteration: thagatchari
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Used at the feeding miracles (15:36) and the Last Supper (26:27).
Fellowship
Approved rendering: লোইনবা
Transliteration: loinaba
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία (concept)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Conceptually present throughout the disciple-community narratives.
Prophet
Approved rendering: তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: tongan tonganba phongdokpa
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: মৈবা (Sanamahi ritual specialist/healer, never use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Constant referent of the fulfillment formula (1:22; 2:5,15,17,23) and the persecuted-forebear category (5:12; 23:29-37).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল
Transliteration: phongdokpa warol
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: προφητεία (concept)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Underlies the fulfillment formulas recurring throughout Matthew.
Exhort
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই পীবা
Transliteration: thawai piba
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package verbatim. Used in its comfort/encourage sense at the Beatitude promise ‘they will be comforted’ (5:4).
Referenced passages