Semantic Analysis
07 Semantic Analysis — Luke 1–24
Methodology & Conventions
This analysis extends the baseline Romans Language Package (translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, doctrine_risk_registry.json) to the Gospel of Luke. It does not contradict or duplicate that authority:
- Any term already recorded in the Romans translation memory is reused exactly (same Manipuri string, same transliteration, same risk tier) and is marked [TM-REUSE] below.
- Terms new to this curriculum are marked [NEW], given a provisional Manipuri rendering built, wherever possible, from morphemes already established in the baseline (e.g. মথৌ “need,” থাওয়াই “spirit,” মতিক “worth/dignity,” অচুম্বা “righteous/just,” লৌ- “to take/receive”), and assigned a risk tier following the baseline’s Critical/High/Medium/Low definitions.
- Every [NEW] term whose exact Manipuri lexical form is not independently attested in a printed Manipuri Bible edition is flagged “confirm with native speaker / BSI Manipuri Bible” — the same hedge the baseline itself uses for
covenant,apostle,fellowship, andimputed_righteousness. - Manipuri’s live dual religious landscape (Sanamahism — Sanamahi, Pakhangba, Umang Lai, Lai Haraoba, maibi/maiba trance and ritual specialists; and Gaudiya Vaishnavism — Krishna-Radha bhakti, guru-shishya lineage, Ras Lila) is treated throughout as currently practiced, not historical, exactly as the baseline instructs.
- Field set per term: Original word | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale.
- Chapters that introduce no new load-bearing vocabulary say so explicitly and list which earlier chapters’ terms they reuse.
PART 1 — Core Passage Verse-by-Verse: Luke 4:16-21
Greek text (NA28):
16 Καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς Ναζαρά, οὗ ἦν τεθραμμένος, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῶν σαββάτων εἰς τὴν συναγωγήν, καὶ ἀνέστη ἀναγνῶναι. 17 καὶ ἐπεδόθη αὐτῷ βιβλίον τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαΐου, καὶ ἀναπτύξας τὸ βιβλίον εὗρεν τὸν τόπον οὗ ἦν γεγραμμένον· 18 Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ, οὗ εἵνεκεν ἔχρισέν με εὐαγγελίσασθαι πτωχοῖς, ἀπέσταλκέν με, κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν καὶ τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν, ἀποστεῖλαι τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει, 19 κηρύξαι ἐνιαυτὸν Κυρίου δεκτόν. 20 καὶ πτύξας τὸ βιβλίον ἀποδοὺς τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ ἐκάθισεν· καὶ πάντων οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ ἦσαν ἀτενίζοντες αὐτῷ. 21 ἤρξατο δὲ λέγειν πρὸς αὐτούς ὅτι Σήμερον πεπλήρωται ἡ γραφὴ αὕτη ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν.
Luke 4:16
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ναζαρά | Nazara | Nazareth (proper noun) | Galilean town, Jesus’ hometown | Nazareth | Establishes Jesus’ true, verifiable humanity and home community — anchors the incarnation historically, against any “temporary divine appearance” reading | নাজারেৎ (Najareth) | Low — standard transliteration; confirm against printed Manipuri Bible |
| σαββάτων | sabbatōn | Sabbath(s) | the seventh-day rest, the weekly synagogue-gathering day | Sabbath | The day of customary worship; Jesus’ Sabbath practice is the platform for his programmatic self-disclosure | সাব্বাথ (Sabbath, transliterated) [NEW] | Medium — no native equivalent exists; must be kept distinct from Sanamahi/Umang Lai festival calendar days (Lai Haraoba) and from Vaishnava fasting/observance days (e.g. Ekadashi), which follow different ritual logics |
| συναγωγήν | synagōgēn | synagogue | the local Jewish gathering-place/assembly for reading and teaching Torah | synagogue | The institutional setting in which Jesus publicly claims prophetic/messianic identity | সিনাগগ (transliterated) [NEW] | Medium — must remain clearly distinct from কলিসিয়া (church, TM-REUSE), মন্দির (Vaishnava temple), and the Umang Lai sacred grove — three other worship-site categories already flagged in the baseline church entry |
| ἀνέστη ἀναγνῶναι | anestē anagnōnai | he stood up to read | standing to read Scripture publicly, a position of teaching authority | ”stood up to read” | Signals Jesus assuming the recognized role of an authoritative reader/expositor of Scripture, not a passive listener | লৈরাক্লবা (standing up) — minor, no dedicated table entry needed | Low |
Luke 4:17
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| βιβλίον | biblion | scroll, book | a written scroll of Scripture | book, scroll | The physical Isaiah scroll; ties directly to Inspiration of Scripture doctrine (baseline: Critical, given Puya Meithaba manuscript-burning sensitivity) | লাইরিক (lairik) [NEW] | Medium — reuse the baseline’s general sensitivity around sacred written texts; this occurrence itself is not doctrinally load-bearing beyond establishing that Jesus reads a real, specific, identifiable prophetic text |
| τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαΐου | tou prophētou Ēsaiou | of the prophet Isaiah | the specific OT prophet and his book | ”the prophet Isaiah,” “Isaiah” | Grounds Jesus’ self-disclosure in a named, specific Old Testament prophecy, not a generic religious sentiment | তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা (prophet, TM-REUSE) + যিশাইয়া (Isaiah, proper name) [NEW] | Low for the proper name; the category “prophet” is TM-REUSE at High risk per baseline (fulfillment_of_prophecy doctrine) |
| εὗρεν τὸν τόπον οὗ ἦν γεγραμμένον | heuren ton topon hou ēn gegrammenon | he found the place where it was written | locating a specific written passage | ”found the place where it is written” | Emphasizes deliberate, specific textual fulfillment — not a vague spiritual feeling | (descriptive, no fixed term needed) | Low |
Luke 4:18
This is the theological center of the core passage — Isaiah 61:1-2 / 58:6 quoted as Jesus’ own mission statement.
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Πνεῦμα Κυρίου | Pneuma Kyriou | Spirit of the Lord | the personal, divine Holy Spirit resting on/empowering an agent | ”Spirit of the Lord,” “the Lord’s Spirit” | Same Person as the baseline’s Holy Spirit doctrine — the Spirit rests on Jesus to commission and empower his messianic mission | থাওয়াই অসেংবা (TM-REUSE, Holy Spirit) — rendered here as মপু ইবুংগোগী থাওয়াই অসেংবা | Critical [TM-REUSE] — per baseline rule, NEVER bare থাওয়াই; must always appear as থাওয়াই অসেংবা in full, distinguishing this Person from ancestral Apokpa spirits or Umang Lai nature-spirits |
| ἔχρισέν | echrisen | he anointed | ritual/symbolic setting-apart for office (prophet, priest, king) by oil or, here, by the Spirit | ”has anointed” | Jesus claims the very anointing that makes one ὁ Χριστός (“the Anointed One” = ক্রিস্তো, TM-REUSE Critical). This verb is the semantic root of “Messiah/Christ” itself — Jesus is here self-identifying as the Messiah, not merely receiving a generic blessing | থাওয়াইনা চাংইনবা (thawaina changinba, “set apart/empowered by the Spirit”) [NEW] | Critical — this is Jesus’ own messianic self-disclosure; must not be rendered with vocabulary evoking Hindu ritual consecration (abhisheka, used for both temple images and historically for royal/Pakhangba-lineage kingship anointing) or Sanamahi ritual anointing practice. Requires an explicit translator note connecting this verb to ক্রিস্তো (Messiah, established baseline term) |
| εὐαγγελίσασθαι | euangelisasthai | to proclaim good news | the verbal form of εὐαγγέλιον/gospel — to announce good news authoritatively | ”to preach the good news,” “to bring good news” | The verb form of the baseline’s gospel term; Jesus names his own preaching as the very thing Romans later calls νungngaibagi pao | নুংঙাইবগী পাউ পীবা (built on TM-REUSE noun নুংঙাইবগী পাউ) | High [TM-REUSE base] — must be distinguished from festive announcements in the Vaishnava devotional calendar (Ras Lila performance, Krishna Janmashtami), exactly as the baseline’s gospel entry warns |
| πτωχοῖς | ptōchois | to the poor | the economically destitute; by extension, the powerless, socially marginalized | ”the poor,” “the destitute” | Programmatic term for the curriculum doctrine “Good News to the Poor and Marginalized” — real socioeconomic poverty, not merely a spiritualized metaphor | মথৌ তাবা (mathou taba, “having need”) [NEW — confirm with native speaker] | High — must retain full socioeconomic force; must not be reduced to “spiritually poor” only, nor absorbed into a merit-based almsgiving framework (Vaishnava dana as devotional merit-building); this verse is the thesis statement of the doctrine and should be treated with the same consistency-across-documents rigor the baseline gives Romans 1:16-17 |
| ἀπέσταλκέν | apestalken | he has sent | commissioning, sending with delegated purpose/authority | ”he has sent me” | Shares the ἀπο-στέλλω root with ἀπόστολος/apostle (TM-REUSE: তবিদগী থাবিরকপা, “one sent”); Jesus describes his own mission using apostleship’s root idea | থাবিরকপা (verb form, reusing TM-REUSE morpheme) | Medium — consistent reuse of the baseline apostle morpheme strengthens internal glossary coherence |
| κηρύξαι | kēryxai | to proclaim/herald | a public, authoritative announcement, as a herald announces a king’s decree | ”to proclaim,” “to preach” | Public, authoritative (not private/mystical) declaration — reinforces that this is a decree, not esoteric teaching | ফোংদোকপা (phongdokpa, reusing the baseline’s prophecy root ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল) [NEW — reused morpheme] | Medium |
| αἰχμαλώτοις | aichmalōtois | to captives/prisoners of war | those bound/exiled/imprisoned, literal or figurative | ”captives,” “prisoners” | Concrete liberation language (echoing Israel’s exile) that Luke extends to spiritual bondage to sin and Satan | ফদবা মীওই (phadaba miwoi, “bound person”) [NEW — confirm with native speaker] | High — must not be flattened to purely spiritual metaphor at the expense of Luke’s real concern for the literally oppressed; nor reduced to a this-worldly political liberation program only |
| ἄφεσιν | aphesin | release, forgiveness, pardon | freedom from bondage/debt; ELSEWHERE in Luke (1:77; 3:3; 24:47) this identical Greek word is rendered “forgiveness of sins" | "release,” “liberty,” “forgiveness” | Key cross-reference note: the same Greek noun ἄφεσις underlies both “release to the captives” here and “forgiveness of sins” elsewhere in Luke. Jesus’ Isaiah 61 mission statement therefore programmatically links social liberation and the forgiveness of sins as one integrated announcement | থাদোকপা (thadokpa, “release/setting free”) in this verse; পাপ কোকপা (pap kokpa, “forgiveness of sins”) [NEW] where the sin-referent is explicit elsewhere | Critical — flag for human theologian review: Manipuri likely has no single word spanning both senses the way Greek ἄφεσις does; translators must add an explicit cross-reference note so the doctrinal unity of the term is not lost across two different Manipuri words |
| τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν | typhlois anablepsin | recovery of sight to the blind | restoration of physical sight; by extension, spiritual illumination | ”recovering of sight to the blind” | Both literal healing miracles (Luke 7:21; 18:35-43) and a sign of messianic in-breaking (Isaiah 35:5; 42:7) | মিত্তাবা (mittaba, blind) [NEW — confirm with native speaker] + মিত মুক্তা উবা হন্দোকপা (“giving back sight”) | Medium |
| τεθραυσμένους | tethrausmenous | the crushed/oppressed/broken | those shattered by hardship, oppression, or affliction | ”the oppressed,” “the bruised,” “the downtrodden” | Extends the poor/captive/blind triad to the generally crushed and broken — the full range of Luke’s “marginalized” | ফৎতবা ওইরিবা মীওইশিং (“those in a broken/afflicted state”) — descriptive [NEW] | Medium-High — ties directly into the curriculum doctrine “Good News to the Poor and Marginalized”; must not be softened |
Luke 4:19
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἐνιαυτὸν Κυρίου δεκτόν | eniauton Kyriou dekton | an acceptable/favorable year of the Lord | echo of the Jubilee year (Leviticus 25) — a season of release, debt-cancellation, and restoration decreed by God | ”the acceptable year of the Lord,” “the year of the Lord’s favor” | Announces the eschatological Jubilee — the in-breaking of God’s kingdom favor, inaugurated now in Jesus yet pointing to final consummation; directly feeds the “Kingdom of God Present and Future” doctrine | মপু ইবুংগোগী চাউথোকপা চাহি (Mapu Ibungogi chauthokpa chahi, “the Lord’s favorable/acceptable year”) [NEW — built on TM-REUSE মপু ইবুংগো] | High — must not be read as merely one more calendrical festival paralleling the Lai Haraoba seasonal festival cycle or the Vaishnava festival calendar (Ras Lila, Janmashtami); this is a unique, unrepeatable, salvation-historical announcement, inaugurated in Christ, not a recurring ritual season |
Luke 4:20
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ | tō hypēretē | to the attendant | the synagogue official who handled and stored the scrolls | ”the attendant,” “the assistant” | A minor cultural/institutional detail — not independently doctrinally load-bearing | সিনাগগগী থৌদাংবা মী (descriptive) | Low |
| πάντων οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ … ἀτενίζοντες | pantōn hoi ophthalmoi … atenizontes | all eyes were fixed/gazing intently | rapt, sustained attention | ”the eyes of all were fixed on him” | Rhetorically signals the congregation’s expectation that Jesus is about to make a momentous, identity-defining claim | (descriptive, no fixed term) | Low |
Luke 4:21
| Term | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Semantic range | English variants | Contextual theological meaning | Manipuri rendering | Risk & rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Σήμερον | Sēmeron | Today | this very day, now, in the immediate present | ”Today,” “This day” | Marks the decisive, historical now of fulfillment — inaugurated eschatology; the kingdom is present, not only future. Central to “Kingdom of God Present and Future” | ঙসি (ngasi, “today”) [NEW] | High — its theological weight (not merely a time-marker) must be preserved in translation; avoid softening into a vague “in these days,” which would blunt the present-tense immediacy Luke intends |
| πεπλήρωται | peplērōtai | has been fulfilled | perfect tense — a completed action with continuing present effect; prophecy realized in historical event | ”is fulfilled,” “has been fulfilled” | Reuses the baseline’s fulfillment_of_prophecy doctrine category exactly; linear historical fulfillment in Christ, NOT a cyclical avatar-descent pattern (cf. baseline’s explicit contrast with Vaishnava avatar sequences) | মপুং ফাবা (mapung phaba, TM-REUSE from doctrine_risk_registry.json’s fulfillment_of_prophecy doctrine name) | Critical [TM-REUSE doctrine] |
| ἡ γραφὴ αὕτη | hē graphē hautē | this Scripture | the specific Isaiah passage just read | ”this Scripture,” “this passage” | Ties directly to Inspiration of Scripture doctrine | লাইরিক (reuse from v.17) / অসেংবা লাইরিক (holy Scripture) | High [reuse inspiration_of_scripture doctrine framing from baseline] |
| ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν | en tois ōsin hymōn | in your ears | idiom for “as you heard it,” i.e., “in your very hearing" | "in your hearing” | Emphasizes direct, personal, first-person address to this specific congregation — fulfillment is not abstract but addressed to real hearers, now | (idiom — translate meaning, not literal “ears”) | Medium — idiom-handling: preserve immediacy/directness, not a literal body-part calque |
PART 2 — Chapter-by-Chapter Semantic Study: Luke 1–24
Chapter 1 — Infancy Announcements
| Term | Greek (translit) | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| favor (found favor with God) | χάρις (charis) | unmerited favor/grace shown by a superior | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Grace — reuse baseline exactly; Mary’s favor is God’s initiative, not merit or bhakti-responsive favor |
| Holy Spirit / power of the Most High | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον / δύναμις Ὑψίστου | the Spirit’s overshadowing conception-power | থাওয়াই অসেংবা + তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Incarnation; must not be read as অবতার-style divine descent |
| Son of the Most High / Son of God | υἱὸς Ὑψίστου / υἱὸς θεοῦ | Jesus’ unique divine Sonship, announced before birth | তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Sonship of Christ |
| Seed/throne of David | οἶκος Δαυίδ / θρόνον Δαυίδ | Davidic covenant promise fulfilled | দাউদগী চা-চাহি (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Davidic Covenant |
| redemption / raised up deliverance | λύτρωσις / ἐγείρω σωτηρίαν | rescue from national/spiritual enemies | হন্দোকপা (handokpa, “setting free/delivering”) [NEW] | High | Points forward to salvation (TM-REUSE Critical); must not be limited to political deliverance only |
| horn of salvation (idiom) | κέρας σωτηρίας | Hebraic idiom for mighty, decisive deliverance | পাংথোক-থেংনবগী অহানবা (built from TM-REUSE power_of_god + salvation morphemes) [NEW] | High | Idiom-handling: convey mighty saving power; explicitly avoid শক্তি (forbidden per baseline) |
| mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | God’s covenant loyalty-compassion toward the lowly | চানবিবা (chanbiba) [NEW — confirm with native speaker] | High | Ties Magnificat’s reversal-theology to “Good News to Poor” doctrine |
| humble / lowly (Mary’s self-description; the rich sent away empty) | ταπείνωσις (tapeinōsis) / πλουτοῦντας | low social/economic status; reversal of rich and poor | নোল্লাকপা (nollakpa, “lowly”) [NEW] | High | Direct thematic seed of “Good News to the Poor and Marginalized” |
| consolation / comfort | παράκλησις-adjacent theme | God’s promised comfort and hope | থমোই হৌদোকপা (thamoi houdokpa, reusing baseline mutual_edification morpheme হৌদোকহনবা) [NEW] | Medium | — |
| covenant / oath to Abraham | διαθήκη / ὅρκος | God’s binding promise to the patriarchs | ৱারেপ্পা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Covenant |
| holy and righteous (serve God in) | ἁγιωσύνη καὶ δικαιοσύνη | moral purity and right conduct before God, lifelong | অসেংবা + অচুম্বা (TM-REUSE) | High/Critical [TM-REUSE] | Sanctification / Righteousness |
Chapter 2 — Birth, Shepherds, Presentation, Boy Jesus in the Temple
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | one who rescues/delivers | অহানবিবা (ahanbiba, “one who saves,” built on TM-REUSE salvation root অহানবা) [NEW] | Critical | Salvation; must not evoke মোক্ষ-granting figure or a bhakti-devotional deliverer |
| Christ the Lord | Χριστὸς Κύριος | Messiah and sovereign Lord together | ক্রিস্তো মপু ইবুংগো (TM-REUSE both) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Messianic Promise + Lordship |
| glory of the Lord / glory to God in the highest | δόξα Κυρίου | God’s radiant honor and presence | মতিক চাউবা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Deity of Christ / Glory |
| peace on earth | εἰρήνη ἐπὶ γῆς | the peace inaugurated by Messiah’s coming | ইনগবা (TM-REUSE) | Medium [TM-REUSE] | Peace with God |
| light for revelation to the Gentiles | φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν | Israel’s promised light now extended to all nations | মাংঙাল (mangal, “light”) [NEW] + অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ (TM-REUSE Gentiles) | High | Central to “Jesus as Savior for All Nations” doctrine; retain full universal scope, echoing baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel caution about Manipur’s ethnic-community sensitivities |
| consolation of Israel | παράκλησις τοῦ Ἰσραήλ | hoped-for messianic comfort | থমোই হৌদোকপা (reuse from ch.1) + ইস্রায়েল (TM-REUSE) | Medium | — |
| redemption of Jerusalem | λύτρωσις Ἰερουσαλήμ | hoped-for deliverance | হন্দোকপা (reuse) | High | — |
Chapter 3 — John the Baptist, Baptism of Jesus, Genealogy
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| repentance | μετάνοια (metanoia) | a change of mind/heart, turning from sin toward God | পুক্নিং হোংবা (pukning hongba, “turning of the heart/mind”) [NEW] | High | Core curriculum doctrine “Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins”; must not be reduced to ritual purification (prayaschitta) or Umang Lai propitiation offerings |
| baptism | βάπτισμα (baptisma) | ritual immersion signifying repentance/cleansing | বাপ্তিস্মা (baptisma, transliterated) [NEW] | Medium | Distinguish from Lai Haraoba ritual purification and Vaishnava ceremonial bathing (snana) |
| forgiveness of sins | ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν (aphesis hamartiōn) | pardon/release from sin’s guilt | পাপ কোকপা (pap kokpa) [NEW] | High | See core-passage note on ἄφεσις; core curriculum doctrine |
| wrath to come | ὀργή (orgē) | God’s righteous judgment against sin | তেংবাং মপুগী মৈ হৌবা (“God’s anger”) [NEW] | High | Must convey personal, righteous divine judgment, not impersonal karmic retribution (already-forbidden ৱাইফম fate concept per baseline) |
| Son of God (voice from heaven) | υἱός μου (huios mou) | divine paternal declaration at baptism | তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Sonship of Christ |
| Holy Spirit descending as a dove | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον | visible sign of the Spirit’s presence | থাওয়াই অসেংবা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | — |
Chapter 4 — Temptation; Nazareth Synagogue (CORE PASSAGE, see Part 1); Capernaum Ministry
Beyond the core passage terms treated above:
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| devil / Satan | διάβολος / Σατανᾶς | the personal, evil adversary | শয়তান (Shoitan, transliterated) [NEW] | High | Must be sharply distinguished from Umang Lai deities and Sanamahi ancestral spirits — the devil is a hostile personal being, not part of the Sanamahi spirit-world’s populated cosmos |
| temptation/testing | πειρασμός (peirasmos) | trial designed to induce sin or test faithfulness | থাংগৎপা (thanggatpa, “being tested”) [NEW] | High | — |
| unclean spirit / demon | πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον / δαιμόνιον | a hostile spiritual being causing affliction/possession | ফৎতবা থাওয়াই (phattaba thawai, “evil spirit”) [NEW] | Critical | Must never be confused with ancestral Apokpa spirits or the (in Sanamahi belief, benevolent) Umang Lai nature-deities; Jesus’ authority over these beings is a sign of the kingdom’s arrival, not one more spirit-negotiation within an existing spirit-world |
Chapter 5 — Calling of Peter; Leper; Paralytic; Levi; New Wine
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| leprosy/leper | λεπρός (lepros) | a skin disease bearing ritual-impurity stigma | ক্ষয়রোগী (translit. loanword) [NEW — confirm] | Medium | Must not be assimilated into existing ritual-purity systems (Vaishnava/Sanamahi); Jesus’ healing + touch models compassionate reversal of impurity-based exclusion |
| authority (to forgive sins) | ἐξουσία (exousia) | delegated right/power to act | ফংবা মতিক (“granted right/authority,” built on TM-REUSE glory-morpheme মতিক) [NEW] | High | Ties Son of Man’s authority directly to forgiveness of sins and Son of Man doctrines |
| Son of Man | ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | Jesus’ distinctive self-designation combining humanity, authority, suffering, and eschatological glory (Daniel 7) | মীওইগী মচানুপা (miwoigi machanupa) [NEW] | Critical | Must not be read as mere ordinary human sonship, nor collapsed into an avatar’s temporary human appearance (cf. baseline’s forbidden অবতার substitution) |
| tax collector | τελώνης (telōnēs) | Roman tax contractor, socially despised collaborator | কর খোমজবা (kar khomjaba, “tax-gatherer”) [NEW] | Medium | Core to “Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners” doctrine |
| sinner | ἁμαρτωλός (hamartōlos) | one characterized/marked by sin; social-religious outcast | পাপ্পা মীওই (pappa miwoi) [NEW] | Medium | — |
| table fellowship (eating with tax collectors/sinners) | συνανάκειμαι / ἐσθίω μετά | reclining/eating together, a strong marker of social acceptance | লোইনা চাক চাবা (“eating together,” built on TM-REUSE fellowship root লোইনবা) [NEW] | High | Meitei table/commensality carries its own social-boundary weight (clan and, historically, ritual-purity-adjacent Vaishnava dining rules); Jesus’ inclusive table fellowship must be taught as a deliberate, radical reversal of exclusion, not softened |
| call sinners to repentance | καλέω … εἰς μετάνοιαν | Jesus’ stated mission purpose | কৌখিবা (TM-REUSE called) + পুক্নিং হোংবা (reuse) | High [TM-REUSE + NEW] | — |
Chapter 6 — Sermon on the Plain: Blessings, Woes, Love of Enemies, Sabbath
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| blessed | μακάριος (makarios) | divinely favored/fortunate, regardless of present circumstance | য়াইফবা (yaifaba) [NEW — confirm] | High | Central to the reversal-ethic of “Good News to the Poor”; must not be softened into either prosperity-reading or purely future-only otherworldly reading |
| woe | οὐαί (ouai) | a pronouncement of coming judgment/misfortune | ফত্তবা ৱারোল (“declaration of disaster”) [NEW] | Medium | — |
| love (love your enemies) | ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω (agapē/agapaō) | self-giving, unconditional love, not romantic/erotic devotion | নুংশিবা (nungshiba, ordinary Meitei word for love/affection) [NEW] | Critical | Major collision risk, parallel to grace/কৃপা in the baseline: Manipuri Vaishnavism’s central devotional category is প্রেম (prema) — the romantic-devotional love between Krishna and Radha/the gopis, celebrated in the Ras Lila. অগাপে/agapē love (self-giving, directed even toward enemies, and the father’s love for the prodigal) must NOT be rendered with প্রেম-adjacent vocabulary, which would import an erotic bhakti-devotional frame. নুংশিবা is preferred as the plain, non-devotional-technical word for love/affection. This entry should be escalated into the doctrine risk registry as a new Critical-risk doctrine (“Love of God/Neighbor”) in the Luke curriculum, since the baseline Romans package did not need to define this term |
| Lord of the Sabbath | κύριος τοῦ σαββάτου | Christ’s authority over Sabbath observance | মপু ইবুংগো (TM-REUSE) + সাব্বাথ (reuse) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Lordship of Christ |
Chapter 7 — Centurion’s Faith; Widow of Nain; John’s Question; Sinful Woman
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| faith (centurion’s great faith) | πίστις (pistis) | trust in Jesus’ authority/word | থাজবা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Faith — note: this is a Gentile centurion, directly feeding the “all nations” doctrine |
| compassion (had compassion on the widow) | σπλαγχνίζομαι (splanchnizomai) | deep, gut-level pity moving to action | চানবিবা (chanbiba) [NEW — confirm] | High | ”Jesus’ Compassion” doctrine — must be distinguished from ritual/mechanical almsgiving |
| raised (the widow’s son) | ἐγείρω (egeirō) | to raise up from death (a temporary miracle-sign) | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা (TM-REUSE resurrection root) — with translator note | Critical [TM-REUSE, contextual caution] | Important distinction: this is a temporary resuscitation-sign, not the doctrinal, once-for-all Resurrection of Christ; a translator note must prevent conflating the two while still using the shared root vocabulary |
| forgiveness / “her sins are forgiven” | ἀφέωνται αἱ ἁμαρτίαι (apheōntai hai hamartiai) | pronouncement of pardon | পাপ কোকপা (reuse) | High [NEW-reuse] | Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins |
| loved much | ἠγάπησεν πολύ (ēgapēsen poly) | responsive love flowing from forgiveness received | নুংশিবা (reuse from ch.6) | Critical [NEW-reuse] | — |
| your faith has saved you / go in peace | ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε | personal salvation through faith | থাজবা + অহানবা + ইনগবা (all TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Faith / Salvation / Peace |
Chapter 8 — Parable of the Sower; Calming the Storm; Legion; Woman with the Issue of Blood; Jairus’s Daughter
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| parable | παραβολή (parabolē) | an illustrative comparison/story teaching spiritual truth | উপমা (upama, transliterated loanword) [NEW] | Low-Medium | Widely used South Asian Christian-literature loanword; low collision risk since it carries no specific Vaishnava/Sanamahi ritual connotation |
| word of God | ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ (ho logos tou theou) | God’s authoritative, living speech | তেংবাং মপুগী ৱাহেই (Tengban Mapugi wahei) [NEW] | High | Must convey living, unique divine speech — not one teaching among many, echoing the same concern the baseline raises for gospel |
| unclean spirit (Legion) | (reuse ch.4) | — | ফৎতবা থাওয়াই (reuse) | Critical [reuse] | — |
| faith (has made you well) | πίστις | — | থাজবা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | — |
Chapter 9 — Sending of the Twelve; Feeding the 5,000; Peter’s Confession; Transfiguration; Cost of Discipleship Sayings
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| the Christ of God | ὁ Χριστὸς τοῦ θεοῦ | Peter’s confession of messianic identity | ক্রিস্তো (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Messianic Promise |
| chosen (my Son, my Chosen One) | ἐκλελεγμένος (eklelegmenos) | divinely selected/elect | তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা (TM-REUSE election) | High [TM-REUSE] | Election / Sonship |
| glory (transfiguration) | δόξα (doxa) | radiant divine presence | মতিক চাউবা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Deity of Christ |
| disciple | μαθητής (mathētēs) | a learner/follower who adheres to a teacher’s way of life | তমজবা (tamjaba, “learner”) [NEW] | High | Collision risk: avoid শিষ্য, the term for a devotee-disciple within Manipuri Vaishnavism’s active guru-shishya lineage tradition; a Christian “disciple” follows Christ personally, not a human guru within an ongoing devotional-transmission lineage |
| follow (me) | ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō) | to accompany/obey as a committed follower | ইনবা (reuse baseline obedience_of_faith root ইনবা) [NEW-reuse] | Medium | Cost and Joy of Discipleship |
| take up his cross daily | αἴρειν τὸν σταυρὸν | daily self-denying commitment | ক্রুস (krus, transliterated) [NEW] | High | Cost of Discipleship — must convey ongoing self-denial, not a protective/superstitious symbol |
Chapter 10 — Sending of the Seventy; Good Samaritan; Mary and Martha
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mission (sending of the seventy) | ἀποστολή-adjacent | commissioning for proclamation | পাউ সন্দোকপগী থৌদাং (TM-REUSE) | Medium [TM-REUSE] | Mission — frame as the church’s own calling, not a foreign/ethnically-coded project, per baseline note |
| harvest (plentiful) | θερισμός (therismos) | agricultural image for the urgent gathering of people into the kingdom | লৌ লকপা (“harvesting the crop”) [NEW] | Medium | Kingdom Present |
| neighbor | πλησίον (plēsion) | one to whom love/mercy is owed, regardless of ethnic/religious boundary | নকশিংবা মীওই (“neighboring person”) [NEW] | Medium | ”All Nations and All People” doctrine — sensitive given Manipur’s contemporary inter-community relations; teach theologically, not mapped directly onto present ethnic tensions (cf. baseline’s unity_of_jews_and_gentiles caution) |
| Samaritan | Σαμαρίτης (Samaritēs) | a member of a religiously and ethnically estranged neighboring people | শামরিয়া (Samaria, transliterated) [NEW] | Medium | Models neighbor-love crossing an entrenched ethnic-religious boundary |
| mercy (Good Samaritan) | ἔλεος (eleos) | active compassion in deed | চানবিবা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Compassion doctrine |
| eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | unending, resurrection-quality life in fellowship with God | নাইদবা হিংবা (naidaba hingba, “unending life”) [NEW] | Critical | Must never collapse into মোক্ষ (Vaishnava liberation) or an escape from a rebirth-cycle; this is relational, resurrection-life with a personal God — same forbidden-substitution logic as the baseline’s salvation entry |
| one thing necessary (Mary and Martha) | ἑνός … χρεία | prioritizing attentive discipleship over busyness | (descriptive, no fixed term) | Low | Prayer and Dependence on God (implicit) |
Chapter 11 — The Lord’s Prayer; Beelzebul Controversy; Woes to Pharisees and Lawyers
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Father (Lord’s Prayer) | Πάτερ (Pater) | God as personal Father addressed in prayer | ইপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Adoption / Prayer and Dependence on God |
| prayer | προσευχή / προσεύχομαι (proseuchē/proseuchomai) | direct petition/communication with God | হায়জবা (haijaba, reusing baseline intercession root) [NEW-reuse] | Medium | Must be distinguished from petitions carried to the Umang Lai through a maibi/maiba, and from Vaishnava japa/kirtan devotional recitation — Jesus models direct filial access to the Father |
| daily bread | τὸν ἄρτον τὸν ἐπιούσιον (ton arton ton epiousion) | sufficient provision for today | ঙসিগী চাক (“today’s food”) [NEW] | Medium | Dependence on God |
| forgive us our sins as we forgive | ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας … | reciprocal forgiveness modeled on God’s forgiveness | পাপ কোকপা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Repentance and Forgiveness |
| kingdom come | ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου | prayer for God’s reign to arrive/advance | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক (TM-REUSE) | Medium [TM-REUSE] | Kingdom of God |
| finger of God (kingdom’s power) | δάκτυλος θεοῦ | idiom for divine power at work | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা (TM-REUSE power_of_god) | High [TM-REUSE] | — |
Chapter 12 — Fear Not; Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit; Rich Fool; Anxiety; Faithful Steward
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| blasphemy against the Holy Spirit | βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον | the unforgivable sin of definitively rejecting the Spirit’s testimony to Christ | থাওয়াই অসেংবাগী মথক্তা ৱা শাবা (“speaking against the Holy Spirit”) [NEW, built on TM-REUSE থাওয়াই অসেংবা] | Critical | Must always use the full থাওয়াই অসেংবা form (never bare থাওয়াই) per baseline rule; requires careful pastoral framing |
| covetousness | πλεονεξία (pleonexia) | greedy craving for more possessions | থাওবা পাম্বা (“craving wealth”) [NEW] | Medium | — |
| anxiety / do not be anxious | μὴ μεριμνᾶτε (mē merimnate) | worry/care that displaces trust in God | থমোই ৱাংবা (“troubled heart”) [NEW] | Medium | ”Prayer and Dependence on God” doctrine |
| faithful steward | οἰκονόμος πιστός (oikonomos pistos) | a household manager entrusted with responsibility | য়ুমগী থৌদাংবু য়েংশিনবা মী (descriptive, “one who manages the household’s affairs”) [NEW] | Medium | Ties to eschatological watchfulness (Kingdom Present/Future) |
Chapter 13 — Repent or Perish; Barren Fig Tree; Bent Woman Healed; Narrow Door; Lament over Jerusalem
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| repent (or perish) | μετανοέω (metanoeō) | (reuse ch.3) | পুক্নিং হোংবা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Repentance |
| narrow door | θύρα (thyra), στενή | the urgent, limited-time entry into the kingdom | থোং হানবা (“the narrow door”) [NEW] | Medium | Kingdom Present/Future — urgency of response |
| Sabbath (healing controversy) | σάββατον (reuse ch.4/6) | — | সাব্বাথ (reuse) | Medium [reuse] | — |
Chapter 14 — Sabbath Healing; Humility at Banquets; Great Banquet Parable; Cost of Discipleship
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| humility / exaltation | ταπεινός / ὑψόω (tapeinos/hypsoō) | self-lowering vs. divine exaltation (kingdom-reversal ethic) | নোল্লাকপা (reuse ch.1 morpheme) / ৱাংথোকপা (wangthokpa, “lifted up”) [NEW] | High/Medium | ”Good News to the Poor” reversal ethic |
| great banquet / feast | δεῖπνον μέγα (deipnon mega) | eschatological kingdom-inclusion imagery | চাক-থাক (chak-thak, “feast”) [NEW] | Medium | Must not be assimilated to existing Meitei/Vaishnava festival feasting (Ras Lila feast days, Lai Haraoba community feasts) as mere cultural celebration rather than kingdom-inclusion imagery |
| cost of discipleship (count the cost, hate father and mother, carry his own cross) | (thematic; μισεῖ, βαστάζει τὸν σταυρὸν ἑαυτοῦ) | radical, total allegiance to Christ above all other loyalties, including family | তমজবা (reuse) + ক্রুস (reuse) | High | Central curriculum doctrine “The Cost and Joy of Discipleship” — idiom “hate father and mother” must be handled for meaning (relative priority), not literal animosity |
Chapter 15 — Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, Prodigal Son
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lost | ἀπολωλός (apolōlos) | perished/strayed away, in need of being sought and found | মংবা (mangba, “lost/perished”) [NEW] | High | Central to “seek and save the lost” salvific theme; must retain relational, sought-after sense — God actively seeks, this is not fatalistic doom |
| repentance | μετάνοια (reuse) | — | পুক্নিং হোংবা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Core doctrine |
| joy (heaven’s joy over one repentant sinner) | χαρά (chara) | gladness/rejoicing | নুংঙাইবা (nungngaiba, reusing the “joy” root already embedded in TM-REUSE gospel = নুংঙাইবগী পাউ) [NEW-reuse] | High | Must be distinguished from the festive/ritual celebratory joy of Ras Lila or Lai Haraoba — this is heaven’s own joy over a specific repentant sinner, not seasonal festival gladness |
| compassion (father runs to embrace) | σπλαγχνίζομαι (reuse) | — | চানবিবা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Compassion doctrine |
| ”was dead and is alive again” | ἦν νεκρὸς καὶ ἀνέζησεν | metaphor for restoration to relationship through repentance | (render as living restorative metaphor, NOT via সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা) | Critical — translator note required | Must NOT be rendered in a way that evokes পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, forbidden per baseline); this is a metaphor of relational restoration, not a literal death-rebirth cycle claim, and must be kept visibly distinct from both the doctrinal Resurrection of Christ and any reincarnation reading |
Chapter 16 — Unjust Steward; Rich Man and Lazarus; Divorce Teaching
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mammon | μαμωνᾶς (mamōnas) | personified wealth as a rival master | মম্মোন (Mammon, transliterated) [NEW] | High | ”Cannot serve two masters” — note that κύριος (“master”) here is the everyday-master sense, NOT the exclusive-Lordship title reserved for Christ; translator disambiguation note required |
| Hades / place of the dead | Ἅδης (Hadēs) | the intermediate state of the dead before final judgment | শিবগী মফম (sibagi mafam, “place of the dead”) [NEW] | High | Must not be conflated with either the Vaishnava Naraka (hell) concept or the Sanamahi ancestral-spirit (Apokpa) realm |
| steward (unjust steward) | οἰκονόμος (reuse ch.12) | — | য়ুমগী থৌদাংবু য়েংশিনবা মী (reuse) | Medium [reuse] | — |
Chapter 17 — Forgiveness Seven Times; Ten Lepers; Kingdom Within/Among You
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| forgiveness (seven times a day) | ἀφίημι (reuse) | — | পাপ কোকপা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Repentance and Forgiveness |
| ten lepers / Samaritan returns | λεπρός / Σαμαρίτης (reuse) | — | ক্ষয়রোগী / শামরিয়া (reuse) | Medium [reuse] | Compassion; crosses ethnic-religious boundary (only the Samaritan returns to give thanks) |
| your faith has made you well | ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε (reuse ch.7/8) | — | থাজবা + অহানবা (reuse) | Critical [reuse] | — |
| kingdom of God is within/among you | ἐντὸς ὑμῶν (entos hymōn) | genuinely ambiguous: “within you” (internal/spiritual) vs. “among/in the midst of you” (Jesus’ own presence) | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক (TM-REUSE) + contextual qualifier | High — ambiguity flagged per AI-instruction ambiguity-handling rule | Record both renderings as “alternatives_considered”; recommend “among/in the midst of you” as the primary rendering (favored by most modern commentators and better suited to Luke’s public, historical framing of the kingdom), while noting the alternative for native-speaker/theologian review |
Chapter 18 — Persistent Widow; Pharisee and Tax Collector; Rich Young Ruler; Blind Beggar
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| justice/vindication (persistent widow) | ἐκδίκησις (ekdikēsis) | legal vindication/rightful judgment | অচুম্বা ৱাফম (“just verdict,” built on TM-REUSE righteousness root অচুম্বা) [NEW] | Medium | Prayer and Dependence on God |
| justified (tax collector, not the Pharisee) | δικαιόω (reuse) | — | অচুম্বা ওইহনবা (TM-REUSE justification) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Direct, load-bearing reuse of the Romans baseline’s central soteriological term — the tax collector, not the self-righteous Pharisee, goes home justified; humility (reuse) / exaltation (reuse) |
| inherit eternal life | κληρονομέω ζωὴν αἰώνιον | receiving the promised eternal inheritance | থাক লৌবা (“receiving one’s portion”) [NEW] + নাইদবা হিংবা (reuse) | Critical [reuse + NEW] | Ties to baseline’s adoption doctrine (full inheritance rights) |
| your faith has saved you (blind beggar) | (reuse) | — | থাজবা + অহানবা (reuse) | Critical [reuse] | — |
Chapter 19 — Zacchaeus; Ten Minas; Triumphal Entry; Temple Cleansing
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Son of Man came to seek and save the lost | ἦλθεν … ζητῆσαι καὶ σῶσαι τὸ ἀπολωλός | Luke’s programmatic mission-summary verse (19:10) | মীওইগী মচানুপা + মংবা + অহানবা (all reuse) | Critical | This verse should receive the same cross-document consistency treatment the baseline gives Romans 1:16-17 and 8:28 — it is Luke’s thesis-equivalent statement |
| salvation has come to this house | σωτηρία (reuse) | — | অহানবা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Zacchaeus, a tax collector, models the “all people” scope of salvation |
| tax collector (Zacchaeus) | τελώνης (reuse) | — | কর খোমজবা (reuse) | Medium [reuse] | — |
| house of prayer | οἶκος προσευχῆς | the temple’s intended purpose | হায়জবা (reuse) + লাইরিক house-term | Medium | Prayer doctrine |
Chapter 20 — Authority Question; Wicked Tenants; Caesar’s Tax; Resurrection Debate; Son of David/Lord
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| authority (by what authority) | ἐξουσία (reuse ch.5) | — | ফংবা মতিক (reuse) | High [reuse] | — |
| cornerstone | κεφαλὴ γωνίας (kephalē gōnias) | Christ as the rejected-yet-foundational stone (Ps 118:22) | য়ুমগী মপুরোইবা নুং (“the house’s chief/foundation stone”) [NEW] | Medium | Christological — ties to Deity/Messiah doctrines |
| render to Caesar | ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι (reuse concept of Romans 13 authority) | civil authority’s legitimate but limited claim | (descriptive, flag native speaker review per baseline’s government/authority routing convention) | Medium | Government/Authority — flagged, not theologian-escalated, per baseline pattern |
| resurrection (Sadducee debate) | ἀνάστασις (reuse) | — | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Resurrection |
| Son of David / Lord | υἱὸς Δαυίδ / Κύριος (Ps 110 citation) | Christ’s Davidic descent AND divine Lordship, held together | দাউদগী চা-চাহি + মপু ইবুংগো (both TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Davidic Covenant + Lordship of Christ |
Chapter 21 — Widow’s Mite; Temple’s Destruction; Signs of the End; Watchfulness
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| widow | χήρα (chēra) | a woman without a husband, socially/economically vulnerable | লুকমী (lukmi) [NEW — confirm with native speaker] | Medium | Good News to the Poor and Marginalized |
| your redemption draws near | ἡ ἀπολύτρωσις ὑμῶν ἐγγίζει (apolytrōsis) | final, eschatological deliverance (distinct from ch.1’s historical-deliverance sense) | হন্দোকপা (reuse, with translator note distinguishing eschatological sense from ch.1’s) | High | Kingdom of God Present and Future |
| watch and pray | γρηγορεῖτε … προσευχόμενοι (grēgoreite … proseuchomenoi) | eschatological alertness joined to prayer | য়েংশিনবা (yengshinba, “watching/being alert”) [NEW] + হায়জবা (reuse) | High | Kingdom Future / Prayer and Dependence on God |
Chapter 22 — Last Supper; Gethsemane; Betrayal; Peter’s Denial; Trial before Sanhedrin
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new covenant | καινὴ διαθήκη (kainē diathēkē) | the covenant inaugurated by Christ’s atoning death, replacing/fulfilling the old | অনৌবা ৱারেপ্পা (anouba wareppa, built on TM-REUSE ৱারেপ্পা) [NEW] | Critical | Escalate per baseline’s atonement/propitiation escalation rule; must be distinguished from any notion of ritual sacrificial blood-offering as practiced in some indigenous Sanamahi rites, conveying instead a once-for-all, historically unique, substitutionary covenant act |
| body / blood (given for you) | σῶμα / αἷμα (sōma/haima) | the atoning, sacrificial significance of Christ’s death, instituted as an ongoing memorial | হক্চাং (hakchang, “body”) / ঈ (i, “blood”) [NEW] | Critical | Same atonement/propitiation escalation rule as baseline’s Romans 3:25 note; requires human theologian review every occurrence |
| remembrance (do this in remembrance of me) | ἀνάμνησις (anamnēsis) | a covenant memorial act, not a superstitious repeated ritual | নিংশিংবা (ningshingba, “remembering”) [NEW] | Medium | Must convey covenant memorial, not ritual repetition parallel to indigenous propitiatory offerings |
| Father, your will (Gethsemane) | Πάτερ … τὸ σὸν θέλημα (reuse) | — | ইপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Prayer and Dependence on God — Jesus’ own example |
| blasphemy (Sanhedrin trial) | βλασφημία (reuse ch.12) | — | থাওয়াই অসেংবাগী মথক্তা ৱা শাবা concept extended to Christ’s own claims | Critical [reuse] | Deity of Christ / Lordship |
Chapter 23 — Trial before Pilate/Herod; Crucifixion; Penitent Thief; Jesus’ Death
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pilate / Herod / Barabbas | Πιλάτος / Ἡρώδης / Βαραββᾶς | proper names | পীলাত / হেরোদ / বারাব্বা (transliterated) [NEW] | Low | — |
| crucifixion / cross | σταυρός / σταυρόω (reuse) | — | ক্রুস (reuse) | High [reuse] | Atonement — escalate per baseline rule |
| Father, forgive them | Πάτερ, ἄφες αὐτοῖς | Christ’s own forgiveness-in-suffering | ইপা + পাপ কোকপা (both reuse) | Critical [reuse] | Forgiveness of Sins modeled by Christ himself |
| paradise | παράδεισος (paradeisos) | the immediate, conscious presence of Christ after death — distinct from final bodily resurrection | পারাদিস (paradis, transliterated loanword) [NEW] | Critical | Must not be conflated with the Vaishnava Vaikuntha/Goloka (already flagged in baseline’s salvation entry) or with Hindu Swarga; names a distinct, immediate, personal post-death assurance |
| Father, into your hands I commit my spirit | Πάτερ, εἰς χεῖράς σου παρατίθεμαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου | Jesus’ own human spirit/breath-of-life at death — NOT the Holy Spirit | থাওয়াই (bare, human-spirit sense only — explicit disambiguation from থাওয়াই অসেংবা required) | Critical — disambiguation note mandatory | Rare correct use of bare থাওয়াই; translator note must clarify this refers to Jesus’ own human spirit, not the Holy Spirit, to prevent the confusion the baseline otherwise guards against |
| centurion’s confession (certainly this man was innocent) | δίκαιος (dikaios) | a Gentile soldier’s declaration of Christ’s righteousness/innocence | অচুম্বা (TM-REUSE righteousness root) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Gentile recognition of Christ ties to “All Nations” doctrine |
Chapter 24 — Resurrection; Emmaus Road; Commissioning; Ascension
| Term | Greek | Literal/semantic range | Manipuri rendering | Risk | Doctrine tie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| resurrection (empty tomb) | ἀνάστασις (reuse) | — | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা (TM-REUSE) | Critical [TM-REUSE] | Resurrection of Christ — the definitive, bodily, historical event that all the preceding “raised” miracle-signs pointed toward |
| opened the Scriptures | διήνοιξεν τὰς γραφάς (dianoixen tas graphas) | Christ’s own exposition of Old Testament fulfillment | লাইরিক (reuse) + মপুং ফাবা (reuse) | High [reuse] | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Inspiration of Scripture |
| witnesses | μάρτυρες (martyres) | authorized, personal eyewitness-proclaimers | সাক্ষী (sakshi, transliterated loanword) [NEW] | Medium | Mission / Evangelism |
| power from on high | δύναμις ἐξ ὕψους (reuse) | — | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা (TM-REUSE) | High [TM-REUSE] | Power of God for Salvation — anticipates Pentecost (Acts) |
| ascension | ἀνελήμφθη (anelēmphthē) | Christ’s bodily return to the Father’s presence | স্বর্গদা লৌথোকপা (swargada louthokpa, “taken up to heaven”) [NEW] | High | See heaven entry below |
| heaven | οὐρανός (ouranos) | God’s dwelling/realm; the believer’s future hope | স্বর্গ (swarga, established South Asian Christian loanword) [NEW — flagged] | High | Must not be conflated with the Vaishnava Vaikuntha/Goloka or with Hindu Swarga’s cyclical-cosmology associations; recommend confirming this widely used cross-South-Asian Christian loanword against the printed Manipuri Bible and considering a qualifying phrase (e.g. তেংবাং মপুগী মফম, “God’s realm”) in doctrinally sensitive passages |
Coverage Statement
All 24 chapters of Luke have been analyzed. Chapters not listed with a dedicated new-term table beyond partial reuse (none found entirely devoid of load-bearing content) have nonetheless had every load-bearing term identified above; where a chapter’s terms are substantially inherited from an earlier chapter (e.g., ch. 13’s “Sabbath,” ch. 16’s “steward,” ch. 17’s “forgiveness”), this is marked “(reuse)” rather than re-analyzed from first principles, per the Phase 1 mandate. No chapter has been silently omitted.