Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — 2 Peter (English/Greek → Manipuri)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all three chapters of 2 Peter. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked Reused and MUST use the exact recorded rendering; no deviation is permitted. Terms new to this curriculum are marked New and are proposed here for addition to translation memory, pending the escalation review indicated by risk tier (Critical/High → human theologian; Medium → native speaker; Low → automated), per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
A. Terms Reused Exactly from Baseline (Romans) Translation Memory
| Term (EN) | Greek | Manipuri (Bengali script) | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine Link (2 Peter) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός | তেংবাং মপু | Tengban Mapu | Critical | Deity of Christ (1:1, 1:17) |
| Lord | κύριος | মপু ইবুংগো | Mapu Ibungo | Critical | Certainty of Christ’s Return (3:8) |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | জিসু | Jisu | Critical | throughout |
| Christ / Messiah | Χριστός | ক্রিস্তো | Christo | Critical | throughout |
| Father | Πατήρ | ইপা | Ipa | Critical | 1:17 |
| Son of God | Υἱὸς Θεοῦ | তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা | Tengban Mapugi machanupa | Critical | 1:17 |
| Holy Spirit | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον | থাওয়াই অসেংবা | Thawai Asengba | Critical | 1:21 |
| faith | πίστις | থাজবা | thajaba | High | 1:1, 1:5 |
| grace | χάρις | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং | mathou tadana piba tengbang | Critical | 1:2, 3:18 |
| peace | εἰρήνη | ইনগবা | ingba | Medium | 1:2 |
| righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক | achumba chatnabirak | Critical | 1:1, 2:5, 2:21, 3:13 |
| salvation | σωτηρία | অহানবা | ahanba | Critical | 3:15 |
| resurrection | ἀνάστασις (concept referenced via Transfiguration/glory) | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা | sibadagi hingjat-lakpa | Critical | 1:16-18 (glory anticipates), background to hope |
| holy | ἅγιος | অসেংবা | asengba | High | 1:18, 1:21, 3:11 |
| sanctification | ἁγιασμός (concept, via divine nature/escaping corruption) | অসেংবা ওইহনবা | asengba oihanba | High | 1:4 |
| calling | κλῆσις | কৌবগী থৌদাং | koubagi thoudang | High | 1:10 |
| called | κλητός | কৌখিবা | koukhiba | High | 1:10 |
| election | ἐκλογή | তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা | Tengban Mapugi khanba | High | 1:10 |
| kingdom of God | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক | Tengban Mapugi leipak | Medium | 1:11 |
| apostle | ἀπόστολος | তবিদগী থাবিরকপা | tabidagi thabirakpa | Medium | 1:1 |
| prophet | προφήτης | তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা | tongan tonganba phongdokpa | Low | 1:20-21, 2:16, 3:2 |
| prophecy | προφητεία | ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল | phongdokpa warol | Low | 1:19-21, 3:2 |
| glory | δόξα | মতিক চাউবা | matik chauba | High | 1:3, 1:17, 3:18 |
| power of God | δύναμις θεοῦ | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা | Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba | High | 1:3, 1:16 |
| fellowship / partakers (root) | κοινωνία | লোইনবা | loinaba | Low | 1:4 (root for koinōnoi) |
| covenant / promise (root) | διαθήκη | ৱারেপ্পা | wareppa | High | background to ἐπαγγέλματα |
| David / Israel | — | দাউদ / ইস্রায়েল | Daud / Israel | Medium | not directly named in 2 Peter but retained for consistency if referenced in study notes |
B. New Terms Introduced by 2 Peter (Proposed for Translation Memory Addition)
Critical Risk (mandatory human theologian review at every occurrence)
| Term (EN) | Greek / Transliteration | Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Grounded Collision Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | σωτήρ / sōtēr | অহানবা পীবা মপু | Ahanba piba Mapu | Deity of Christ; Reliability of Scripture | Manipuri Vaishnavism has a live devotional category of Krishna/Vishnu as ultimate refuge/deliverer (Gita 18:66; Ras Lila devotion). Must be taught as Christ’s unique, historical, once-for-all rescue, not ongoing bhakti-cultivated refuge. |
| divine nature | θεία φύσις / theia physis | তেংবাং মপুগী মহৈ | Tengban Mapugi mahai | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | Collides with (1) Vaishnava sāyujya (merging with Krishna), (2) Sanamahi kinship-divinity (Sanamahi as literal “elder brother” of Pakhangba), (3) avatar theology. Must be taught as Spirit-given moral participation in God’s character, not ontological deification/absorption. |
| partaking of divine nature | κοινωνοί θείας φύσεως | তেংবাং মপুগী মহৈদা লোয়ননবা | Tengban Mapugi mahaida loinanaba | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | Same collision as above; compound phrase requires joint review with θεία φύσις entry. |
| carried along [by the Spirit] | φερόμενοι / pheromenoi | থাওয়াই অসেংবনা পুরকপা | Thawai Asengbana purakpa | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Parallels a maibi’s ritual trance-seizure by an Umang Lai deity during Lai Haraoba. Must be distinguished: Spirit-superintended writing preserving human faculties, not ecstatic possession/oracular trance. |
| Scripture | γραφή / graphē | অসেংবা মপুং ৱারি | asengba mapung wari | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Given the 1729 Puya Meithaba burning of indigenous Meitei sacred manuscripts, this term must carry explicit teaching on God’s providential inspiration and preservation of his own Word, engaged with pastoral sensitivity to that cultural memory. |
| coming (parousia) | παρουσία / parousia | ক্রিস্তোগী হন্না লাকপা | Christogi hanna lakpa | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Directly parallels the live Vaishnava doctrine of the still-awaited Kalki avatar (final avatar of Vishnu). Must be taught as the unique, unrepeatable return of the same incarnate Son, not one more item in an open avatar sequence. |
| Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα Κυρίου / hēmera Kyriou | মপু ইবুংগোগী নুমিত | Mapu Ibungogi numit | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Must be distinguished from the cyclical Hindu Yuga/pralaya framework (recurring cosmic dissolution and re-creation); this is a single, final, unrepeatable day. |
| new heavens and new earth | καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν | অনৌবা স্বর্গ অমসুং অনৌবা লৈবাক | anouba swarga amasung anouba leibak | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Must be distinguished from Hindu cyclical re-creation after pralaya (endless Yuga cycle); this is a final, non-repeating consummation. |
| Tartarus / pits of gloom | ταρταρώσας / tartarōsas | অমাংবা মফমদা থমখিবা | amangba mafamda thamkhiba | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment; False Teachers and Their Judgment | Must not be equated with Hindu Naraka (temporary hell-realms within a rebirth cycle) or a Sanamahi ancestral punishment-realm; this is temporary custody awaiting one final judgment, not a station in a rebirth cycle. Do not import the Greek mythological place-name. |
| judgment | κρίμα / κρίσις | ৱাযেন্বা | wayenba | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Must be distinguished from impersonal karma, a live Hindu/Vaishnava doctrine of automatic moral consequence across lifetimes; biblical judgment is a personal God’s specific forensic verdict at an appointed day. |
| destruction / perdition | ἀπώλεια / apōleia | লান্থোকপা | lanthokpa | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment; False Teachers and Their Judgment | Same karma-collision caution as “judgment”; must retain universal, unqualified scope per baseline rule when paired with “any/all” language (3:9). |
| false teachers | ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι / pseudodidaskaloi | মীমাংনবা তক্লিবা মীওই | mimangnaba takliba miwoi | False Teachers and Their Judgment | These arise from within the church (2:1); curriculum must frame this as internal-church warning, not blanket polemic against Manipur’s other live religious traditions. |
High Risk (human theologian review required)
| Term (EN) | Greek / Transliteration | Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Grounded Collision Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| knowledge (full/personal) | ἐπίγνωσις / epignōsis | মপুং ফাবা খংবা | mapung phaba khangba | Divine Nature; Growing in Virtue | Collides with Vaishnava jñāna-mārga (knowledge-path to moksha); must be relational, saving knowledge of a person, received by grace, not a self-effected liberation path. |
| corruption | φθορά / phthora | মংহনবা | manghanba | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | Must be distinguished from neutral cyclical decay within samsara; this is moral ruin from which Christ permanently rescues. |
| eyewitnesses | ἐπόπται / epoptai | মিত্তা উবা মীওই | mitta uba miwoi | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Must not suggest privileged mystical initiation paralleling maibi/maiba exclusive ritual “seeing”; this is ordinary, verifiable historical sight. |
| prophetic word made more sure | βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον | চেৎনা লৈরবা ফোংদোকপা ৱারোলগী লোন | chetna leiraba phongdokpa warolgi lon | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Engage with pastoral sensitivity to Puya Meithaba cultural memory of lost/destroyed sacred texts. |
| one’s own interpretation | ἰδία ἐπίλυσις / idia epilysis | মথান্তা খন্নবা | mathanta khannaba | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Must affirm Scripture’s divine origin (not human origination), distinct from a caution merely about reader misinterpretation. |
| false prophets | ψευδοπροφῆται / pseudoprophētai | মীমাংনবা তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা | mimangnaba tongan tonganba phongdokpa | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Parallel structure to false teachers above; distinguish from historical OT referent and present-day application. |
| bought/redeemed | ἀγοράσαντα / agorasanta | লৌখিবা | loukhiba | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Atonement language; flag per baseline escalation rule for propitiation/atonement content. |
| elements | στοιχεῖα / stoicheia | স্বর্গ লৈবাক্কী মখল | swarga leibakki makhal | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Collides with Hindu Pañca Mahābhūta (five elements) cosmology and pralaya; must be taught as a single historical dissolution, not a phase of a repeating cosmic cycle. |
| patience/longsuffering | μακροθυμία / makrothymia | খুদোংচাবা | khudongchaba | Patience of God’s Timing | Must be distinguished from the impersonal mechanical unfolding of Hindu Yuga-cycle time; this is personal, purposive divine forbearance aimed at repentance. |
| holy conduct and godliness | ἅγιαι ἀναστροφαί καὶ εὐσέβειαι | অসেংবা চৎনবিরাক অমসুং ইকাই খুম্নবা | asengba chatnabirak amasung ikai khumnaba | Growing in Christian Virtue; Day of the Lord | Practical outworking tied to certainty of judgment. |
| righteousness dwells | δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ | অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক লৈরি | achumba chatnabirak leiri | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Permanent moral character of the final new creation. |
| perish | ἀπόλλυμι / apollymi | মংহনবা / লান্থোকপা (context-linked to apōleia) | manghanba / lanthokpa | Patience of God’s Timing | Retain universal “any/all” scope (3:9) without qualification. |
| twist/distort [Scripture] | στρεβλοῦσιν / strebrousin | ৱালেপ্পা | walleppa | False Teachers; Reliability of Scripture | Direct warning against doctrinal distortion of apostolic Scripture (including Paul’s letters, 3:16). |
| slaves of corruption | δοῦλοι φθορᾶς / douloi phthoras | লান্মীগী মংহনবা | lanmigi manghanba | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Self-condemning irony central to ch. 2’s polemic; pair with φθορά entry. |
| destructive heresies | αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας | মংহনবগী তক্লিবা | manghanbagi takliba | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Pairs false teaching directly with final ruin. |
| doxology / eternal glory | εἰς ἡμέραν αἰῶνος | লোমননবা মতিক চাউবা | lomananaba matik chauba | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Reinforces Christ’s eternal (non-cyclical, non-avatar) glory at the letter’s close. |
Medium Risk (native speaker review recommended)
| Term (EN) | Greek / Transliteration | Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| servant/slave | δοῦλος / doulos | লান্মী | lanmi | (identity marker) | Distinguish from lallup corvée labor and guru-disciple dependency. |
| godliness | εὐσέβεια / eusebeia | তেংবাং মপুবু ইকাই খুম্নবা | Tengban Mapubu ikai khumnaba | Growing in Christian Virtue | Distinguish from bhakti devotional performance and Umang Lai ritual reverence. |
| virtue/moral excellence | ἀρετή / aretē | অফবা চৎনবিরাক | aphaba chatnabirak | Growing in Christian Virtue | Distinguish from Krishna’s devotionally-praised guṇas and Sanamahi communal ethical norms. |
| love | ἀγάπη / agapē | নুংশিবা | nungshiba | Growing in Christian Virtue | Distinguish from Ras Lila’s prema-bhakti (romantic-devotional love). |
| beloved | ἀγαπητός / agapētos | নুংশিবা | nungshiba | Sonship of Christ | Same distinction as agapē above. |
| honor | τιμή / timē | ইকাই খুম্নবা | ikai khumnaba | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Low-Medium. |
| Majestic Glory (title) | μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα | চাউরাবা মতিক চাউবা | chauraba matik chauba | Deity of Christ | A divine title, not merely a description; capitalize/flag in study notes. |
| morning star | φωσφόρος / phōsphoros | নুমিদাংগী থবি | numidanggi thabi | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Avoid link to Hindu astrological Venus/Shukra deity association. |
| holy mountain | τὸ ἅγιον ὄρος | অসেংবা চিং | asengba ching | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Distinguish from Umang Lai sacred grove sites. |
| diligence/effort | σπουδή / spoudē | হোৎনবা | hotnaba | Growing in Christian Virtue | Frame as grace-enabled response, not merit-earning effort. |
| divine power | θεία δύναμις | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা (compound) | Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba | Divine Nature | Built on baseline power_of_god root. |
| promises | ἐπαγγέλματα / epaggelmata | ৱাশাক | washak | Divine Nature; Certainty of Christ’s Return | Consistent with baseline messianic_promise root. |
| Master | δεσπότης / despotēs | চোকপা মপু | chokpa Mapu | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Distinguish from feudal lallup lord-subject and guru-disciple hierarchy. |
| scoffers | ἐμπαῖκται / empaiktai | কাউথোকপা মীওই | kaouthokpa miwoi | Certainty of Christ’s Return | — |
| sensuality | ἀσελγεία / aselgeia | নীংথিজবা চৎনবিরাক | ningthijaba chatnabirak | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Do not conflate critique with the Ras Lila devotional art tradition itself. |
| freedom/liberty | ἐλευθερία / eleutheria | স্বাধীনতা | swadhinata | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Distinguish counterfeit license from true freedom in Christ. |
| ungodly | ἀσεβής / asebēs | তেংবাং মপুবু ইকাই খুম্দবা মীওই | Tengban Mapubu ikai khumdaba miwoi | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Opposite of eusebeia. |
| error | πλάνη / planē | অশোয়বা | ashoiba | Reliability of Scripture | — |
| grow | αὐξάνω / auxanō | হৌদোকপা | houdokpa | Growing in Christian Virtue | Bookends ch. 1 virtue chain. |
| way of truth / righteousness | ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας / δικαιοσύνης | অচুমগী লম্বি | achumgi lambi | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Built on baseline righteousness root. |
| tent/body | σκήνωμα / skēnōma | মহাক্কী হাক্চাং | mahakki hakchang | (mortality/hope) | Pair with resurrection hope, not rebirth. |
| angels who sinned | ἄγγελοι ἁμαρτήσαντες | পাপ তৌবা স্বর্গদূত | pap touba swargadut | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | — |
| preacher of righteousness | δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα | অচুম্বগী ফোংদোকপা | achumbagi phongdokpa | Reliability of Scripture (typology) | Built on baseline righteousness + prophet roots. |
| knowledge (general) | γνῶσις / gnōsis | খংবা | khangba | Growing in Christian Virtue | Lower-intensity companion to epignōsis. |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια / egkrateia | মথন্তা ইনবা | mathanta inaba | Growing in Christian Virtue | — |
| steadfastness/endurance | ὑπομονή / hypomonē | ঙাইজরবা | ngaijaraba | Growing in Christian Virtue | Distinct root from makrothymia. |
Low Risk (automated review sufficient)
| Term (EN) | Greek / Transliteration | Manipuri Rendering | Transliteration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| myth | μῦθος / mythos | মৈথই ৱারি | maithei wari | Generic, not culturally targeted |
| voice | φωνή / phōnē | ৱাহৈ | wahei | — |
| heaven | οὐρανός / ouranos | স্বর্গ | swarga | Standard regional loanword |
| lamp | λύχνος / lychnos | মৈরা | maira | — |
| dark place | αὐχμηρὸς τόπος | অমাংবা মফম | amangba mafam | Distinguish context from Tartarus usage |
| brotherly affection | φιλαδελφία | ইচিন-ইনাওগী নুংশিবা | ichin-inaogi nungshiba | — |
| flood | κατακλυσμός | ইশিং চৎলবা | ishing chatlaba | — |
| Sodom and Gomorrah / Lot / Balaam / Noah | proper names | সোদোম, গোমোরা, লোত, বালাম, নোহ | Sodom, Gomora, Lot, Balaam, Noh | Standard transliteration |
| waterless springs/mists | πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι / ὁμίχλαι | ইশিং লৈতবা ইথক | ishing leitaba ithak | — |
| greed | πλεονεξία | পাম্নবা | pamnaba | — |
| thief | κλέπτης | হুরানবা | huranaba | — |
| burned up | καυσούμενα | মিত্না কাংহনবা | mitna kanghanaba | — |
| delay | βραδύνει | লেম্বা | lemba | — |
| hastening | σπεύδοντας | হোৎনবা (root reuse) | hotnaba | — |
| hard to understand | δυσνόητα | খংবা ৱাবা | khangba waba | — |
| unstable | ἀστήρικτοι | চেৎনা লৈতবা | chetna leitaba | — |
| firmness | στηριγμός | চেৎনা লৈবা | chetna leiba | — |
| departure | ἔξοδος | থোকখিবা | thokkhiba | — |
| dog/sow proverbs | κύων / ὗς | (rendered literally) | — | Existing cultural resonance supports the metaphor |
C. Chapter Coverage Index
| Chapter | New Terms Introduced | Baseline Terms Reused |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (vv. 1-15) | doulos, sōtēr, epignōsis/gnōsis, theia dynamis, eusebeia, epaggelmata, theia physis, koinōnoi, phthora, epithymia, spoudē, aretē, egkrateia, hypomonē, philadelphia, agapē, aiōnios basileia, skēnōma, exodos | God, Christ, Jesus, faith, grace, peace, righteousness, salvation (implicit), calling, election, kingdom of God, apostle |
| 1 (vv. 16-21, core) | parousia, epoptai, megaleiotēs, timē, megaloprepēs doxa, agapētos, eudokeō, bebaioteron, prophētikos logos, lychnos, auchmēros topos, phōsphoros, graphē, epilysis, thelēma anthrōpou, pheromenoi | God, Father, Son of God, Lord, glory, holy (mountain), power of God, prophecy, prophet, Holy Spirit |
| 2 | pseudoprophētai, pseudodidaskaloi, haireseis apōleias, agorasanta, despotēs, apōleia, krima/krisis, angeloi hamartēsantes, tartarōsas, kataklysmos, hodos tēs alētheias/dikaiosynēs, aselgeia, pleonexia, pēgai anydroi/homichlai, eleutheria, douloi phthoras | righteousness, holy_spirit (implied), covenant (root) |
| 3 | empaiktai, hēmera Kyriou, kleptēs, stoicheia, kausoumena, hagiai anastrophai kai eusebeiai, kainous ouranous kai gēn kainēn, dikaiosynē katoikei, makrothymia, bradynei, apollymi, asebēs, speudontas, graphai, dysnoēta, strebrousin, astēriktoi, stērigmos, planē, auxanō | salvation, righteousness, glory, Lord |
No chapter of 2 Peter lacks new theological vocabulary; all three chapters are covered above with full term-level detail.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title), সানামাহি (Sanamahi household deity)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 2 Peter 1:1-2, 1:17, 1:21, 2:4, 3:5, 3:12. Never ঠাকুর or সানামাহি.
Father
Approved rendering: ইপা
Transliteration: Ipa
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: Πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:17: God the Father’s voice at the Transfiguration declaring the Son.
Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগো
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungo
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout 2 Peter (1:2, 1:8, 1:11, 1:14, 1:16, 2:20, 3:2, 3:8, 3:15, 3:18). Never ঠাকুর.
Jesus
Approved rendering: জিসু
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Established Manipuri Bible form.
Christ Messiah
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Christo
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Transliterated proper title, never presented as one avatar among Vishnu’s recognized sequence.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi machanupa
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (avatar, never use)
Original: Υἱός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:17: the Father’s declaration ‘This is my beloved Son’ requires unique, eternal Sonship, not one avatar in an open sequence.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengba
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: bare থাওয়াই alone, শক্তি (maibi trance-power)
Original: Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Always used in full at 2 Peter 1:21. Never bare থাওয়াই, which extends to ancestral/Umang Lai spirits in Sanamahi belief.
Grace
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং
Transliteration: mathou tadana piba tengbang
Doctrine: Apostolic Greeting: Grace and Peace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা (bhakti-responsive favor), পুণ্য (merit)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:2, 3:18. Must never collapse into কৃপা, especially where juxtaposed with diligence/effort (1:5-8).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (Hindu-derived religious duty)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:1, 2:5, 2:21, 3:13. Root for righteousness_dwells and way_of_truth_righteousness compounds.
Salvation
Approved rendering: অহানবা
Transliteration: ahanba
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষ (Vaishnava liberation), লাইনিং (devotional union/absorption)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 3:15: ‘count the patience of our Lord as salvation.’ Never মোক্ষ.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা
Transliteration: sibadagi hingjat-lakpa
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation)
Original: ἀνάστασις (background concept via Transfiguration glory, 1:16-18)
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Presupposed as background to the Transfiguration’s glory (1:16-18) and to future hope. Never পুনর্জন্ম.
Savior
Approved rendering: অহানবা পীবা মপু
Transliteration: Ahanba piba Mapu
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষদাতা (Vaishnava liberation-giver), ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional refuge title)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
NEW. Manipuri Vaishnavism has a live devotional category of Krishna/Vishnu as ultimate refuge and deliverer (cf. Bhagavad Gita 18:66; Ras Lila devotion). Must be taught at every occurrence (1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18) as Christ’s unique, historical, once-for-all rescue, not an ongoing devotional-refuge relationship cultivated through bhakti practice. Mandatory theologian review.
God And Savior Title
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু অমসুং অহানবা পীবা মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu amasung Ahanba piba Mapu
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: Θεὸς καὶ σωτήρ
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:1, a single-referent divine title identifying Jesus as both God and Savior — one of the NT’s strongest deity-of-Christ statements. Must not be softened to imply Christ is a lesser or intermediate being, as an avatar is understood in some Vaishnava schemes to be a manifestation of, but distinct from, the fullness of Vishnu.
False Teachers
Approved rendering: মীমাংনবা তক্লিবা মীওই
Transliteration: mimangnaba takliba miwoi
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:1: these arise ‘among you,’ from within the professing believing community, not as outside religious rivals. Given Manipur’s live, multi-tradition religious landscape, must be taught strictly as internal-church warning, never generalized into blanket polemic against Sanamahi or Vaishnava neighbors.
Divine Nature
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মহৈ
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi mahai
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: a bare Sanskrit-derived ontology loanword (implies merging/absorption)
Original: θεία φύσις
Category: Sanctification
NEW, highest-priority term in this book. 2 Peter 1:4. Triple collision: (1) Vaishnava bhakti sayujya (merging with Krishna’s being), (2) Sanamahi kinship-divinity (Sanamahi as literal elder brother of Pakhangba, divinity through blood/lineage), (3) avatar theology’s repeated embodiment. Must be taught as moral/relational participation in God’s holy character via the Spirit’s sanctifying work, never ontological deification. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Partakers Of Divine Nature
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মহৈদা লোয়ননবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi mahaida loinanaba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: κοινωνοὶ θείας φύσεως
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Compound built on baseline fellowship (লোইনবা) + divine_nature. 2 Peter 1:4. Must be reviewed jointly with divine_nature at every occurrence; same three-way collision risk applies.
Carried Along By Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবনা পুরকপা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengbana purakpa
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: any verb implying loss-of-consciousness trance possession
Original: φερόμενοι (ὑπὸ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου)
Category: Scripture
NEW, HIGH-SALIENCE COLLISION. 2 Peter 1:21. Closely parallels a maibi priestess’s ritual possession/trance-seizure by an Umang Lai deity during Lai Haraoba. Must be taught as Spirit-superintended writing that preserved the human authors’ faculties, personalities, and vocabulary intact — not ecstatic possession or oracular trance-utterance. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Scripture
Approved rendering: অসেংবা মপুং ৱারি
Transliteration: asengba mapung wari
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: শাস্ত্র / গ্রন্থ (Hindu scripture-category nouns, carry independent Vaishnava canonical weight)
Original: γραφή / γραφαί
Category: Scripture
NEW, adopted as the standing noun for Scripture across this curriculum. 2 Peter 1:20, 3:16. Given the 1729 Puya Meithaba burning of indigenous Meitei sacred manuscripts (puya), teach that Scripture’s authority rests on God’s own inspiration and providential preservation, not royal or institutional sanction — framed positively (God preserves his Word) rather than only by contrast with destruction.
Parousia
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তোগী হন্না লাকপা
Transliteration: Christogi hanna lakpa
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: অবতার-family vocabulary (avatar arrival), a bare transliteration ‘পারুসিয়া’ (opaque, lacks built-in doctrinal signal)
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:16, 3:4, 3:10, 3:12. Directly parallels the live Vaishnava doctrine of the still-awaited Kalki avatar, Vishnu’s tenth and final avatar at the close of Kali Yuga. Must be taught as the unique, unrepeatable, bodily return of the same incarnate Son who already came once, not one more item in an open avatar sequence. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগোগী নুমিত
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungogi numit
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἡμέρα Κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
NEW, built on baseline Lord root. 2 Peter 3:10, 3:12. Must be distinguished from the cyclical Hindu/Vaishnava Yuga/pralaya framework (recurring cosmic dissolution and re-creation); this is a single, final, unrepeatable day of judgment and re-creation.
New Heavens And New Earth
Approved rendering: অনৌবা স্বর্গ অমসুং অনৌবা লৈবাক
Transliteration: anouba swarga amasung anouba leibak
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 3:13. Must be distinguished from Hindu cyclical re-creation after pralaya (an endless cycle of ages: Satya, Treta, Dvapara, Kali Yuga, repeating without terminus); this is a single, final, non-repeating consummation in which righteousness permanently dwells.
Tartarus Custody
Approved rendering: অমাংবা মফমদা থমখিবা
Transliteration: amangba mafamda thamkhiba
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ততার্তরুস (transliterating the Greek mythological place-name — forbidden), নরক / Naraka-equivalent vocabulary
Original: ταρταρώσας
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:4. Must NOT be equated with Hindu Naraka (a structured system of multiple temporary hell-realms prior to further rebirth) nor a Sanamahi ancestral punishment-realm. Temporary custody awaiting one final judgment, not a rebirth-cycle way-station. Never import the Greek proper name. Mandatory theologian review.
Judgment
Approved rendering: ৱাযেন্বা
Transliteration: wayenba
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κρίμα / κρίσις
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:3-9, 2:11-12. Must be taught as a personal God’s specific, forensic verdict rendered at an appointed day, not the impersonal, automatic mechanism of karma across lifetimes.
Destruction Perdition
Approved rendering: লান্থোকপা
Transliteration: lanthokpa
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀπώλεια
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:1-3, 3:7, 3:16. Same karma-collision caution as judgment; must retain unqualified universal (‘any/all’) scope where paired with such language (3:9).
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবা
Transliteration: thajaba
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (bhakti)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:1, 1:5. Object of faith always Christ; distinct from bhakti devotional practice.
Holy
Approved rendering: অসেংবা
Transliteration: asengba
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: শেংবা (ritual-purity-only sense)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:18 (holy mountain), 1:21 (holy prophets/men), 3:11 (holy conduct).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: অসেংবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: asengba oihanba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἁγιασμός (concept, via divine nature and escaping corruption, 1:4)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Operative doctrinal content behind ‘partaking of the divine nature’ (1:4) — moral transformation by the Spirit, never ontological deification.
Calling
Approved rendering: কৌবগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: koubagi thoudang
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Original: κλῆσις / κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:10: ‘confirm your calling and election.‘
Election
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi khanba
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (fate)
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:10, paired with calling; never ৱাইফম or karmic-merit accumulation.
Glory
Approved rendering: মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: matik chauba
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:3, 1:17, 3:18. Avoid conflation with Ras Lila performance-staged radiance.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (maibi trance-power)
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:16: Christ’s power displayed at the Transfiguration, guaranteeing the parousia. Never শক্তি.
Covenant
Approved rendering: ৱারেপ্পা
Transliteration: wareppa
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root background to ‘promises’ (epaggelmata) compound at 2 Peter 1:4.
Faith Of Equal Standing
Approved rendering: থাজবা মমান লোয়ননবা
Transliteration: thajaba mamаn loinanaba
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Original: ἰσότιμος πίστις
Category: Faith
NEW, built on থাজবা (faith). 2 Peter 1:1. Must retain unqualified equality across all believers regardless of background, echoing the equality guarded in the baseline’s unity-of-Jews-and-Gentiles doctrine.
Righteousness Dwells
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক লৈরি
Transliteration: achumba chatnabirak leiri
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ
Category: Eschatology
NEW, built on baseline righteousness root. 2 Peter 3:13. This permanence claim must be kept distinct from the temporary moral order of a single Yuga-age (understood to degrade Satya→Kali), which does not persist unbroken.
Holy Conduct Godliness
Approved rendering: অসেংবা চৎনবিরাক অমসুং ইকাই খুম্নবা
Transliteration: asengba chatnabirak amasung ikai khumnaba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἅγιαι ἀναστροφαί καὶ εὐσέβειαι
Category: Sanctification
NEW. 2 Peter 3:11. Practical, visible holy living that the certainty of the Day of the Lord should produce; built on baseline holy root plus godliness compound.
False Prophets
Approved rendering: মীমাংনবা তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: mimangnaba tongan tonganba phongdokpa
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοπροφῆται
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:1. Historical OT precedent; distinguish clearly from present-day application so it is not misheard as present polemic against a specific religious specialist.
Destructive Heresies
Approved rendering: মংহনবগী তক্লিবা
Transliteration: manghanbagi takliba
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας
Category: Judgment
NEW, built on false_teachers + apoleia roots. 2 Peter 2:1. Pairs false teaching directly with final ruin; must not be softened.
Bought Redeemed
Approved rendering: লৌখিবা
Transliteration: loukhiba
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀγοράσαντα
Category: Salvation
NEW. 2 Peter 2:1. Atonement language; flagged per the escalation rule for atonement/propitiation content. A specific, historical, once-for-all transaction at the cross, not a bhakti-devotional debt repaid through ongoing service.
Slaves Of Corruption
Approved rendering: লান্মীগী মংহনবা
Transliteration: lanmigi manghanba
Doctrine: The Moral Corruption of False Teachers
Original: δοῦλοι φθορᾶς
Category: Judgment
NEW, built on servant_slave + corruption roots. 2 Peter 2:19. The self-condemning irony central to chapter 2’s polemic — promisers of freedom who are themselves enslaved.
Corruption
Approved rendering: মংহনবা
Transliteration: manghanba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: φθορά
Category: Sanctification
NEW. 2 Peter 1:4, 2:12, 2:19. Must be distinguished from neutral cyclical decay-and-rebirth within samsara; this is a moral-relational ruin from which Christ permanently rescues believers, not a phase of an impersonal recurring cycle.
Divine Power
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (maibi trance-power)
Original: θεία δύναμις
Category: God
NEW, built on baseline power_of_god root, an intentional collapse of theia dynamis (1:3) and dynamis (1:16) into one compound; logged as intentional simplification, not oversight.
Epignosis Knowledge
Approved rendering: মপুং ফাবা খংবা
Transliteration: mapung phaba khangba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Faith
NEW. 2 Peter 1:2-3, 1:8, 2:20-21. Manipuri Vaishnavism includes jnana (knowledge) as one of three classical margas toward moksha alongside bhakti and karma. Must be taught as relational, saving knowledge OF a specific person, received by grace, not a self-effected liberation path.
Eternal Glory Doxology
Approved rendering: লোমননবা মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: lomananaba matik chauba
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: εἰς ἡμέραν αἰῶνος
Category: Christology
NEW, built on baseline glory root + eternal. 2 Peter 3:18 closing doxology. Reinforces Christ’s eternal, non-cyclical, non-avatar-sequence glory.
Majesty And Majestic Glory
Approved rendering: চাউরাবা মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: chauraba matik chauba
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: μεγαλειότης / ἡ μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα
Category: God
NEW. 2 Peter 1:16 (Christ’s visible splendor at the Transfiguration) and 1:17 (a reverent title standing in for God the Father, ‘the Majestic Glory’). When used as a title, must be treated as a proper reference to God in study notes, not merely a description.
Eyewitnesses
Approved rendering: মিত্তা উবা মীওই
Transliteration: mitta uba miwoi
Doctrine: Eyewitness Apostolic Testimony
Rejected alternatives: any term suggesting privileged mystical initiation
Original: ἐπόπται
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:16-18. Must not suggest privileged mystical initiation paralleling a maibi’s or maiba’s exclusive ritual ‘seeing’; this is ordinary, historically verifiable sight available in principle to any witness.
Prophetic Word Confirmed
Approved rendering: চেৎনা লৈরবা ফোংদোকপা ৱারোলগী লোন
Transliteration: chetna leiraba phongdokpa warolgi lon
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον
Category: Scripture
NEW, built on baseline prophecy root. 2 Peter 1:19. Given the 1729 Puya Meithaba cultural memory of lost sacred texts, teach with pastoral sensitivity while affirming God’s providential preservation of his Word intact.
Own Interpretation
Approved rendering: মথান্তা খন্নবা
Transliteration: mathanta khannaba
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ἰδία ἐπίλυσις
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:20. Must be rendered to affirm Scripture’s divine origin, not merely warn against faulty reader interpretation; translator note required to clarify the intended sense in context.
Twist Distort Scripture
Approved rendering: ৱালেপ্পা
Transliteration: walleppa
Doctrine: Apostolic Canon-Consciousness (Scripture Extended to Paul’s Letters)
Original: στρεβλοῦσιν
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 3:16. Direct warning against doctrinal distortion of apostolic Scripture, including Paul’s letters.
Elements
Approved rendering: স্বর্গ লৈবাক্কী মখল
Transliteration: swarga leibakki makhal
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: στοιχεῖα
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 3:10, 3:12. Manipuri Vaishnava Hindu cosmology includes the Panca Mahabhuta (five great elements) as a structured cosmological category tied to pralaya. Must be taught as a single, final, historical dissolution, not a phase within an endless cosmic dissolution-recreation cycle.
Patience Of God
Approved rendering: খুদোংচাবা
Transliteration: khudongchaba
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μακροθυμία / μακροθυμεῖ
Category: God
NEW. 2 Peter 3:9, 3:15. Must be distinguished from the impersonal, mechanical unfolding of Hindu Yuga time-cycles; this is personal, purposive forbearance aimed at repentance, not a cosmic clock. Always anchor explicitly to God’s purpose in context.
Perish
Approved rendering: মংহনবা
Transliteration: manghanba
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Judgment
NEW, shares root with corruption/destruction terms. 2 Peter 3:9: ‘not wishing that any should perish.’ Must retain universal (‘any/all’) scope without qualification per baseline universality-preservation rule.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: ইনগবা
Transliteration: ingba
Doctrine: Apostolic Greeting: Grace and Peace
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:2, 3:14.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi leipak
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root for eternal_kingdom compound at 2 Peter 1:11.
Apostle
Approved rendering: তবিদগী থাবিরকপা
Transliteration: tabidagi thabirakpa
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Servanthood
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:1, 3:2.
David
Approved rendering: দাউদ
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not directly named in 2 Peter but retained for cross-curriculum consistency in study notes referencing OT prophecy.
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not directly named in 2 Peter but retained for cross-curriculum consistency.
Servant Slave
Approved rendering: লান্মী
Transliteration: lanmi
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Servanthood
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
NEW. 2 Peter 1:1. Must be distinguished from the historic Meitei lallup corvée labor-service obligation owed to the king, and from a guru’s dependent disciple (chela) in Vaishnava guru-lineages; this is a willing, honored identity of total belonging to Christ.
Master
Approved rendering: চোকপা মপু
Transliteration: chokpa Mapu
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
NEW, distinct from κύριος/মপু ইবুংগো. 2 Peter 2:1. Must be distinguished from feudal lallup-style lord-subject obligation and a Vaishnava guru’s authority over a disciple; Christ’s mastery flows from having purchased believers through his own death.
Angels Who Sinned
Approved rendering: পাপ তৌবা স্বর্গদূত
Transliteration: pap touba swargadut
Doctrine: Historical Precedents of Judgment
Original: ἄγγελοι ἁμαρτήσαντες
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:4. Historical precedent from Jewish apocalyptic tradition.
Preacher Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুম্বগী ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: achumbagi phongdokpa
Doctrine: Historical Precedents of Judgment
Original: δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα
Category: Covenant
NEW, built on baseline righteousness + prophet roots. 2 Peter 2:5, describing Noah.
Way Of Truth Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুমগী লম্বি
Transliteration: achumgi lambi
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας / τῆς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Judgment
NEW, built on baseline righteousness root + path. 2 Peter 2:2, 2:21.
Sensuality
Approved rendering: নীংথিজবা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: ningthijaba chatnabirak
Doctrine: The Moral Corruption of False Teachers
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:2, 2:7, 2:18. Must not be read as broad critique of the Ras Lila devotional dance tradition itself (UNESCO-recognized, centered on the sacred allegorical love of Radha-Krishna); 2 Peter targets moral exploitation by false teachers, not devotional art or symbolic theology.
Freedom Liberty
Approved rendering: স্বাধীনতা
Transliteration: swadhinata
Doctrine: The Moral Corruption of False Teachers
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:19. False teachers’ counterfeit ‘freedom’ leading to renewed slavery to corruption; distinguish from true freedom in Christ.
Epithymia Lust
Approved rendering: পাম্নবা
Transliteration: pamnaba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sanctification
NEW, shares root with greed’s rendering. 2 Peter 1:4; context must clarify the broader, general sense here versus the specifically financial sense of pleonexia.
Gnosis Knowledge
Approved rendering: খংবা
Transliteration: khangba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:5-6. Lower-intensity companion to epignosis; same collision caution but lower weight.
Godliness
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুবু ইকাই খুম্নবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapubu ikai khumnaba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:3, 1:6-7, 3:11. Must be distinguished from bhakti devotional performance and from ritual reverence customarily shown to the Umang Lai at a sacred grove.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুবু ইকাই খুম্দবা মীওই
Transliteration: Tengban Mapubu ikai khumdaba miwoi
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀσεβής
Category: Judgment
NEW, opposite of godliness. 2 Peter 2:5-6, 3:7.
Promises
Approved rendering: ৱাশাক
Transliteration: washak
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἐπαγγέλματα
Category: Covenant
NEW, consistent with baseline messianic_promise root. 2 Peter 1:4: God’s guaranteed pledges through which believers become partakers of the divine nature.
Aretē Virtue
Approved rendering: অফবা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: aphaba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀρετή
Category: Virtue
NEW, built on baseline righteousness morphological pattern. 2 Peter 1:5. Must be distinguished from Vaishnava celebration of Krishna’s gunas and from Sanamahi communal ethical norms upheld through Lai Haraoba.
Self Control
Approved rendering: মথন্তা ইনবা
Transliteration: mathanta inaba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:6, countering the false teachers’ unrestrained epithymia.
Steadfastness Endurance
Approved rendering: ঙাইজরবা
Transliteration: ngaijaraba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:6. Kept distinct in root from patience_of_god (makrothymia), though related in sense.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: নুংশিবা
Transliteration: nungshiba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:7, crowning virtue of the chain. Must be distinguished from Ras Lila’s prema-bhakti (romantic-devotional love of Radha and Krishna); this is self-giving, ethical, covenantal love.
Beloved
Approved rendering: নুংশিবা
Transliteration: nungshiba
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: ἀγαπητός
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:17: the Father’s declared love for the Son. Same distinction as love_agape; filial and eternal, not romantic-devotional.
Diligence Effort
Approved rendering: হোৎনবা
Transliteration: hotnaba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: σπουδή
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:5, 3:14. Must be framed as a Spirit-enabled response to grace already given, not effort that earns divine favor.
Grow
Approved rendering: হৌদোকপা
Transliteration: houdokpa
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: αὐξάνω
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 3:18, the letter’s closing exhortation, bookending the ch.1 virtue-chain theme.
Honor
Approved rendering: ইকাই খুম্নবা
Transliteration: ikai khumnaba
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: τιμή
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:17: honor conferred by the Father on the Son at the Transfiguration.
Well Pleased
Approved rendering: পুক্নিং হৌবা
Transliteration: pukning houba
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: εὐδοκέω
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:17: the Father’s settled approval and delight in the Son.
Heaven
Approved rendering: স্বর্গ
Transliteration: swarga
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: οὐρανός
Category: Eschatology
NEW (Sanskrit-derived loanword retained per regional Bible-translation tradition). 2 Peter 1:18, 3:10, 3:13. Must be glossed at first Day-of-the-Lord occurrence as God’s own unique transcendent abode, not one tier of a Hindu cosmological hierarchy (Vaikuntha, Goloka, Indra’s heaven) reached through accumulated merit.
Holy Mountain
Approved rendering: অসেংবা চিং
Transliteration: asengba ching
Doctrine: Eyewitness Apostolic Testimony
Original: τὸ ἅγιον ὄρος
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:18. Must be distinguished from any Umang Lai sacred grove or hill shrine site honored in Lai Haraoba observance; this mountain’s holiness derives from a unique historical revelation of Christ’s glory.
Morning Star
Approved rendering: নুমিদাংগী থবি
Transliteration: numidanggi thabi
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: a direct astronomical/astrological Venus loan
Original: φωσφόρος
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:19. Should not be linked to Shukra/Venus’s established identity as a planetary deity within Hindu jyotisha astrology; keep strictly Christ-centered and metaphorical.
Will Of Man
Approved rendering: মীওইগী য়াদবা
Transliteration: miwoigi yadaba
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: θέλημα ἀνθρώπου
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:21: rules out merely human origination for prophecy.
Error
Approved rendering: অশোয়বা
Transliteration: ashoiba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: πλάνη
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 3:17: the danger of being carried away by false teaching.
Scoffers
Approved rendering: কাউথোকপা মীওই
Transliteration: kaouthokpa miwoi
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 3:3-4: those denying the certainty of Christ’s return on the basis of apparent unbroken natural continuity.
Eternal Kingdom
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী লোমননবা লৈপাক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi lomananaba leipak
Doctrine: Assurance through Calling and Election
Original: αἰώνιος βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
NEW, built on baseline kingdom_of_god root plus ‘eternal.’ 2 Peter 1:11. The everlasting quality distinguished from a Yuga-age’s temporary duration.
Tent Body
Approved rendering: মহাক্কী হাক্চাং
Transliteration: mahakki hakchang
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: σκήνωμα
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:13-14. Should be paired with a reminder that laying aside the body anticipates bodily resurrection, not rebirth into a new earthly existence.
Dark Place
Approved rendering: অমাংবা মফম
Transliteration: amangba mafam
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: αὐχμηρὸς τόπος
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:19. Same phrase root proposed for Tartarus-custody in ch. 2; context must make clear these are two distinct referents.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: tongan tonganba phongdokpa
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: মৈবা (Sanamahi ritual specialist)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:19-21, 2:16, 3:2. Never মৈবা/মৈবী.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল
Transliteration: phongdokpa warol
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter 1:20-21, 3:2.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: লোইনবা
Transliteration: loinaba
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root used to build partakers_of_divine_nature (লোয়ননবা) below.
Myth
Approved rendering: মৈথই ৱারি
Transliteration: maithei wari
Doctrine: Eyewitness Apostolic Testimony
Original: μῦθος
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:16. Kept generic (‘a made-up story’), not culturally targeted at any specific Meitei oral-tradition narrative genre.
Voice
Approved rendering: ৱাহৈ
Transliteration: wahei
Doctrine: Eyewitness Apostolic Testimony
Original: φωνή
Category: Christology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:17-18.
Lamp
Approved rendering: মৈরা
Transliteration: maira
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: λύχνος
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 1:19: metaphor for Scripture’s guiding function.
Thief
Approved rendering: হুরানবা
Transliteration: huranaba
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κλέπτης
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 3:10: metaphor for the Day of the Lord’s unpredictable timing.
Flood
Approved rendering: ইশিং চৎলবা
Transliteration: ishing chatlaba
Doctrine: Historical Precedents of Judgment
Original: κατακλυσμός
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:5, 3:5-6: the Genesis flood, historical judgment-with-preservation precedent.
Greed
Approved rendering: পাম্নবা
Transliteration: pamnaba
Doctrine: The Moral Corruption of False Teachers
Original: πλεονεξία
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:3, 2:14: the false teachers’ financial motive.
Waterless Springs
Approved rendering: ইশিং লৈতবা ইথক
Transliteration: ishing leitaba ithak
Doctrine: The Moral Corruption of False Teachers
Original: πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι / ὁμίχλαι
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:17: metaphor for the false teachers’ empty promises.
Burned Up Dissolved
Approved rendering: মিত্না কাংহনবা
Transliteration: mitna kanghanaba
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: καυσούμενα / λυθήσεται
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 3:10, 3:12.
Delay
Approved rendering: লেম্বা
Transliteration: lemba
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: βραδύνει
Category: God
NEW. 2 Peter 3:9: denial that God’s patience is negligence.
Hard To Understand
Approved rendering: খংবা ৱাবা
Transliteration: khangba waba
Doctrine: Apostolic Canon-Consciousness (Scripture Extended to Paul’s Letters)
Original: δυσνόητα
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 3:16.
Unstable
Approved rendering: চেৎনা লৈতবা
Transliteration: chetna leitaba
Doctrine: Apostolic Canon-Consciousness (Scripture Extended to Paul’s Letters)
Original: ἀστήρικτοι
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 3:16.
Firmness
Approved rendering: চেৎনা লৈবা
Transliteration: chetna leiba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: στηριγμός
Category: Scripture
NEW. 2 Peter 3:17: the goal of sound teaching.
Departure
Approved rendering: থোকখিবা
Transliteration: thokkhiba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἔξοδος
Category: Eschatology
NEW. 2 Peter 1:15: Peter’s death framed as an Exodus-echoing deliverance-journey.
Hastening
Approved rendering: হোৎনবা
Transliteration: hotnaba
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: σπεύδοντας
Category: Eschatology
NEW, shares root with diligence_effort. 2 Peter 3:12: believers’ active, eager posture toward the Day of the Lord.
Brotherly Affection
Approved rendering: ইচিন-ইনাওগী নুংশিবা
Transliteration: ichin-inaogi nungshiba
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Virtue
NEW. 2 Peter 1:7.
Dog Sow Proverbs
Approved rendering: (rendered literally: হুই মহাক্কী পুক অমুক লাক্তুনা চাবা; ওঙ মরুম হাংদবদা ইকপ্না লেপ্পা)
Transliteration: hui mahakki puk amuk laktuna chaba; ong marum hangdabada ikapna leppa
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: κύων ἐπὶ τὸ ἴδιον ἐξέραμα / ὗς εἰς κύλισμα βορβόρου
Category: Judgment
NEW. 2 Peter 2:22, proverbial imagery for reversion to former corrupt behavior. Dogs and pigs already carry culturally resonant connotations of uncleanness/base behavior; render literally, no substitution needed.
Referenced passages