Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Titus
This glossary compiles every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning all three chapters of Titus. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [REUSED] and MUST be rendered exactly as recorded there; no alternative is permitted. Terms new to this curriculum are marked [NEW] and carry a provisional Manipuri rendering requiring confirmation per the escalation rules in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md before Phase 2 lock-in. Risk tiers follow the baseline’s Critical/High/Medium/Low definitions exactly.
Reused Baseline Terms (Confirmed Occurrences in Titus)
| English term | Greek (transliteration) | Manipuri rendering (transliteration) | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grace | χάρις (charis) | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং (mathou tadana piba tengbang) | Critical | 1:4; 2:11; 3:7; 3:15 | Reuse exactly. Titus 2:11 personifies grace as an acting subject (“grace has appeared…training us”) — a structural emphasis worth preserving. |
| Faith | πίστις (pistis) | থাজবা (thajaba) | High | 1:1; 1:4; 1:13; 2:2; 2:10 (caution — trustworthiness sense); 3:15 | Context-sensitive: 2:10’s πᾶσαν πίστιν (“all good faith/fidelity” of servants toward masters) uses πίστις in a trustworthiness sense, not saving faith — do not render with থাজবা alone there; see analysis note. |
| Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) | অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক (achumba chatnabirak) | Critical | 3:5 | ”Not by works done in righteousness” — key salvation_by_grace proof text. |
| Justification / justified | δικαιόω (dikaioō) | অচুম্বা ওইহনবা (achumba oihanba) | Critical | 3:7 | ”Having been justified by his grace” — directly chains grace → salvation → justification → heirship. |
| Salvation / saved | σωτηρία / σῴζω (sōtēria / sōzō) | অহানবা (ahanba) | Critical | 2:11 (implied by σωτήριος); 3:5 (ἔσωσεν) | Never মোক্ষ; never framed as devotional union with Krishna. |
| Apostle | ἀπόστολος (apostolos) | তবিদগী থাবিরকপা (tabidagi thabirakpa) | Medium | 1:1 | Reuse exactly. |
| Election / elect | ἐκλογή / ἐκλεκτός (eklogē / eklektos) | তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা (Tengban Mapugi khanba) | High | 1:1 | ”Faith of God’s elect.” |
| God | θεός (theos) | তেংবাং মপু (Tengban Mapu) | Critical | throughout (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 2:5, 2:10, 2:11, 2:13, 3:4, 3:8) | Never ঠাকুর, never সানামাহি. |
| Jesus Christ / Christ Jesus | Ἰησοῦς Χριστός (Iēsous Christos) | জিসু ক্রিস্তো (Jisu Christo) | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6 | Reuse exact established forms. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον (pneuma hagion) | থাওয়াই অসেংবা (Thawai Asengba) | Critical | 3:5 | Never bare থাওয়াই. |
| Peace | εἰρήνη (eirēnē) | ইনগবা (ingba) | Medium | 1:4 | Standard salutation pairing with grace. |
| Glory | δόξα (doxa) | মতিক চাউবা (matik chauba) | High | 2:13 | ”The appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior.” |
| Law | νόμος (nomos) | য়াথাং (yathang) | Medium | 2:14 (ἀνομία, “lawlessness”); 3:9 (νομικάς, “about the law”); 3:13 (νομικόν, “the lawyer”) | Never ধর্ম. Three distinct grammatical forms in Titus — see analysis note on the two senses of the νομικ- root. |
| Sin | ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτάνω (hamartia / hamartanō) | পাপ (pap) | High | 3:11 | ”Such a person…sins, being self-condemned.” |
New Terms Introduced by Titus
| English term | Greek (transliteration) | Manipuri rendering (transliteration) | Risk | Doctrine | Key occurrences | Rejected alternatives / notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | অহানবিরকপা (ahanbirakpa) | Critical | Deity of Christ; Salvation | 1:3, 1:4, 2:10, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6 | Rejected: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title — places Christ inside the existing bhakti system), গুরু (reduces to moksha-granting spiritual guide), মোক্ষদাতা (Vaishnava liberation-granter title). Formed by the same agentive pattern as the established apostle term. Applied to BOTH God the Father (1:3, 2:10, 3:4) and Jesus Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6) — this dual application is itself a deity-of-Christ data point requiring explicit teaching. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence. |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | তেংবাং মপু ইকায় খুম্নবা (Tengban Mapu ikai khumnaba) | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:1; (adverb εὐσεβῶς, 2:12) | Must be distinguished from ভক্তি (bhakti, the specific Vaishnava devotional-love practice, per the baseline’s faith doctrine note) and from Sanamahi ritual-piety observance. Requires theologian confirmation. |
| Sound doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία / ὑγιαίνω (hygiainousa didaskalia) | অচুম্বা তম্বিবা (achumba tambiba) | Critical | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:8 | Must be distinguished from a Vaishnava guru-parampara transmitted-doctrine framework and from Sanamahi oral tradition (wari) authority. Sound doctrine is fixed, apostolic gospel content, not lineage-dependent esoteric knowledge. Requires theologian confirmation. |
| Good works | καλὰ / ἀγαθὰ ἔργα (kala / agatha erga) | ফজবা থবক (fajaba thabak) | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works; Salvation by Grace not Works | 1:16; 2:7; 2:14; 3:1; 3:8; 3:14 | Must be taught as the fruit of grace-given salvation, never its ground (Titus 3:5 is the explicit corrective). Risk of collapse into Vaishnava bhakti sevā (merit-building devotional service) or Sanamahi/Vaishnava meritorious ritual acts (punya, already rejected in the baseline grace entry). |
| Train / discipline (verb) | παιδεύω (paideuō) | শিংনবা তম্বিহনবা (shingnaba tambihanba) | Critical | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | 2:12 | Central verb of this curriculum’s first doctrine. Provisional rendering pending theologian confirmation. Must not be assimilated to ascetic self-training (tapasya) cultivated by a bhakti devotee to earn divine favor — here grace itself, already given, is the trainer. |
| Train / make sensible (causative) | σωφρονίζω (sōphronizō) | সংযমদা তম্বিহনবা (sangyamda tambihanba) | Critical | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | 2:4 | Second training-verb; shows the training principle operating concretely in church discipleship relationships (older women training younger women). Same root as σώφρων below. |
| Self-controlled / self-control | σώφρων / σωφρόνως (sōphrōn / sōphronōs) | সংযম (sangyam) | High | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | 1:8; 2:2; 2:5; 2:6 (σωφρονεῖν); 2:12 (σωφρόνως) | Shared pan-Indic loanword, retained with an explicit distinguishing note (per the baseline’s precedent with পাপ): Christian self-control is Spirit-enabled fruit of grace, not the devotee’s own ascetic discipline (sangyam/tapasya) practiced to build merit toward divine favor. Most frequent character-term in the letter. |
| Appearing / epiphany | ἐπιφαίνω / ἐπιφάνεια (epiphainō / epiphaneia) | ফোংদোকপা (phongdokpa) | Critical | Grace That Trains for Godly Living; Deity of Christ | 2:11 (grace appeared); 2:13 (Christ’s future glorious appearing); 3:4 (God’s kindness appeared) | Built on the established prophecy-root ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল. Highest-salience collision risk with Vaishnava avatar-descent theology enacted in Ras Lila. Must be taught as unique historical/eschatological events (Christ’s first coming; Christ’s singular future return), never a repeatable divine descent. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence. |
| Regeneration | παλιγγενεσία (palingenesia) | থাওয়াইদগী অনৌবা হিংবা পীবা (thawaidagi anouba hingba piba) | Critical | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | 3:5 | Highest new lexical risk in the book. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation) — the closest linguistic cousin of this book’s own concept, yet denoting the opposite theological reality. Deliberately avoids “birth” vocabulary in Manipuri to sidestep both Sanamahi ancestral-rebirth belief and Vaishnava samsara/reincarnation cosmology. One-time, non-repeatable, Spirit-wrought inward re-creation. Human theologian review mandatory. |
| Renewal | ἀνακαίνωσις (anakainōsis) | থাওয়াই অসেংবাগী অনৌবা ওইহনবা (Thawai Asengbagi anouba oihanba) | High | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | 3:5 | Companion image to regeneration; the Spirit’s ongoing renewing work, distinct from the one-time re-creation event. |
| Redemption / redeem | λυτρόομαι (lytroomai) | মমল পীদুনা থাদোকপা (mamal piduna thadokpa) | High | Salvation by Grace not Works | 2:14 | Must not be framed as appeasement paid to a personified evil power, ancestral spirit, or Umang Lai deity; the payment satisfies God’s own justice, initiated by God himself. |
| Mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | করুণা (karuna) | High | Salvation by Grace not Works | 3:5 | Shared pan-Indic religious term, retained with distinguishing note (parallel to the baseline’s কৃপা caution for grace): God’s mercy here precedes and is independent of any devotional achievement, unlike Krishna’s karuna, typically understood as responsive to a devotee’s devoted service. |
| Elder (church office) | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | কলিসিয়াগী অহল (kalisiyagi ahal) | High | Qualifications for Elders | 1:5 | Distinguish from a traditional Meitei clan/village elder (yumnak lup structures, socio-political authority) and from a Vaishnava temple hierarchy office or Sanamahi ritual specialist (maiba). Requires theologian/native-speaker confirmation. |
| Overseer / bishop | ἐπίσκοπος (episkopos) | কলিসিয়া চেক্শিনবা (kalisiya cheksinba) | High | Qualifications for Elders | 1:7 | Same office as elder in this context (Titus 1:5-7 uses the two terms interchangeably) — preserve this synonym relationship in Phase 2 notes to avoid inventing two unrelated offices. |
| Older man / older woman (age category) | πρεσβύτης / πρεσβύτις (presbytēs / presbytis) | অহল নুপা / অহল নুপী (ahal nupa / ahal nupi) | Medium | Qualifications for Elders (contrast term) | 2:2, 2:3 | Distinct from the church-office word πρεσβύτερος (see above); an age-based household-code category, not an office. Flag this lexical distinction for Phase 2 translators. |
| Steward | οἰκονόμος (oikonomos) | থৌনায় য়েংশিলবা (thounai yengsilba) | Medium | Qualifications for Elders | 1:7 | Elders as God’s accountable household-managers, distinct from a Meitei clan/household head (yumnak-gi apokpa) or Vaishnava temple manager (sevayat). |
| Blameless | ἀνέγκλητος (anenklētos) | থেমদবা (themdaba) | Medium | Qualifications for Elders | 1:6, 1:7 | Provisional; pending confirmation. |
| Insubordinate / undisciplined | ἀνυπότακτος (anypotaktos) | ইনবা য়াদবা (inaba yadaba) | High | Submission to Authority (negative pole); Qualifications for Elders | 1:6, 1:10 | Direct antonym of the submission root ইনবা. |
| Submit / be subject to | ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō) | ইনবা (inba) | High | Submission to Authority | 2:5 (wives); 2:9 (servants); 3:1 (citizens/rulers) | Reuses the root already present in the baseline’s obedience_of_faith compound (থাজবগী ইনবা). Must be taught as voluntary gospel-shaped conduct, not equated with clan/village lup deference structures or caste-inflected social hierarchy in Manipuri Vaishnava social order. Human theologian review recommended given real contemporary sensitivity. |
| Authority / rulers (civil government) | ἀρχή, ἐξουσία (archē, exousia) | লৈবাক্কী মপুশিং (rulers); ক্ষমতা (authority/power, loanword) | Medium | Submission to Authority | 3:1 | Must not be read as endorsing the historic Meitei king’s own divine-descent (Pakhangba-lineage) authority claim; this is the general biblical civil-order principle, not a specific royal theology. |
| Obey (civil authority) | πειθαρχέω (peitharcheō) | ইনবা / য়াথাং ইনবা (inba / yathang inba) | Medium | Submission to Authority | 3:1 | Near-synonym reinforcing ὑποτάσσω. |
| Divisive / factious person | αἱρετικός (hairetikos) | খেৎনবা মীওই (khetnaba miwoi) | High | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | 3:10 | Must be taught as internal church discipline for doctrinal/relational division, explicitly distinguished from ethnic-political factionalism or clan-based social sanction (yumnak ostracism practices), given Manipur’s contemporary inter-community sensitivities. Human/native-speaker review recommended. |
| Foolish controversies / disputes | ζήτησις (zētēsis) | অকান্বা ৱানবা (akanba wanba) | High | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | 3:9 | Key term naming the problem-behavior addressed by the doctrine. |
| Myths | μῦθος (mythos) | অহৌবা ৱারী (ahouba wari) | Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | 1:14 | Must not be extended to characterize traditional Meitei oral narrative heritage (wari/pena traditions, or the puya manuscripts lost in the 1729 Puya Meithaba) — targets a specific first-century Jewish-Christian legalist controversy. |
| Genealogies | γενεαλογία (genealogia) | য়ুম্নাক্কী মরুওইশিং ৱারী (yumnakki maruwoishing wari) | Medium | Avoiding Divisive Controversies | 3:9 | Given the cultural weight of yumnak (clan) lineage identity in Meitei culture, teach as a specific controversy-type, not a general dismissal of lineage interest. |
| Truth | ἀλήθεια (alētheia) | অচুম্বা (achumba, used as noun) | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:1, 1:14 | Reuses the adjective root already embedded in the established righteousness compound (অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক); here functioning as an independent noun. |
| Heir / inheritance | κληρονόμος (klēronomos) | হকশেল ফংবা মচা (hakshel phangba macha) | High | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit; Salvation by Grace not Works | 3:7 | Built on the established adoption term (মচা ওইনা লৌবা). Requires the same explicit inheritance-rights teaching the baseline flags for adoption, given traditional Meitei clan (yumnak) kinship’s birth-lineage-based inheritance structure. |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | লোমননা হিংবা (lomanna hingba) | Medium | Regeneration by the Holy Spirit | 1:2; 3:7 | Distinguish from Vaishnava eternal-liberated-existence-with-Krishna aspiration; this is resurrection life with a personal God. |
| Hope | ἐλπίς (elpis) | আশা (asha) | Medium | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | 1:2; 2:13 (μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα, “blessed hope”) | Loanword; distinguish from fate-language (ৱাইফম, already forbidden in baseline) and from generic worldly optimism — this is certain, Christ-grounded confident expectation. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις (syneidēsis) | মনুংগী খংবা-থাজবা (manunggi khangba-thajaba) | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:15 | Provisional; no settled Manipuri Christian equivalent attested. Requires native-speaker/theologian confirmation. |
| Pure / defiled (polemical, non-ritual sense) | καθαρός / μιαίνω (katharos / miainō) | অসেংবা-family (moral sense, NOT শেংবা) | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:15 | Requires an explicit translator note: Paul’s polemical target is a ritual-purity-code mindset; this verse argues that inward mind/conscience purity, not ritual observance, is what matters. Extremely close resemblance to both Sanamahi Lai Haraoba purification concerns and Vaishnava temple/food purity codes (śuddhi). Human theologian review recommended. |
| Profess / confess | ὁμολογέω (homologeō) | ফোংদোকপা / হায়বা (phongdokpa / haiba) | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:16 | Same confession-vocabulary family underlying the baseline’s Romans 10:9-10 consistency rule; this verse is an instructive negative counterpart (empty profession unaccompanied by works) and should use consistent vocabulary with any future Titus treatment of confession-language. |
| Deny (by works) | ἀρνέομαι (arneomai) | য়াদোকপা (yadokpa) | High | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:16 | Works can adorn sound doctrine (2:10) or contradict a profession of faith (1:16) — establishes the works/doctrine relationship running through the whole letter. |
| Adorn (doctrine, via good conduct) | κοσμέω (kosmeō) | মফম ফজহনবা (mafam fajahanba) | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 2:10 | Good conduct beautifies/commends sound doctrine to outside observers. |
| Blaspheme / speak evil of | βλασφημέω (blasphēmeō) | ৱারী নংবা / তেংবাং মপুগী ৱাহেইদা থীনা ৱারী নংহনবা | Medium-High | Submission to Authority; Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 2:5 (of God’s word — higher risk); 3:2 (of any person — lower risk) | Two distinct severities under one root; do not force identical rendering weight across both occurrences. |
| Commandment / authoritative command | ἐπιταγή, ἐντολή (epitagē, entolē) | মথৌ (context: divine commission, 1:3) / মথৌ পুম্নমক্কী মতাংদা (with full authority, 2:15) | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:3; 1:14; 2:15 | Distinguish from ক্ষমতা (civil/political authority, ch. 3). |
| Proclamation / preaching | κήρυγμα (kērygma) | ফোংদোকপগী থৌদাং (phongdokpagi thoudang) | Medium | Sound Doctrine and Good Works | 1:3 | Distinct from, but conceptually adjacent to, the established gospel term (নুংঙাইবগী পাউ), which does NOT lexically occur anywhere in Titus. Do not tag segments with the gospel term unless deliberately supplied as an interpretive gloss. |
| Hospitable | φιλόξενος (philoxenos) | মীওই ইনবা লৌবা (miwoi inba louba) | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Elders | 1:8 | Connects with existing Manipuri hospitality norms; no major collision, natural phrasing to be confirmed by native speaker. |
| Godless / ungodly | ἀσέβεια (asebeia) | তেংবাং মপু ইকায় খুম্নদবা (negation of godliness) | High | Grace That Trains for Godly Living | 2:12 | Negative pole of the letter’s godliness theme. |
Chapter Coverage Confirmation
| Chapter | Coverage status |
|---|---|
| Titus 1 (1:1-16) | Full chapter reviewed; contributes salutation theology (Savior, elect, godliness, eternal life, truth), elder/overseer qualifications, and the sound-doctrine-vs-myths polemic. Not silently omitted. |
| Titus 2 (2:1-15) | 2:1-10 reviewed as standalone chapter section (household-code vocabulary: self-control, submission, training, adorning doctrine); 2:11-15 reviewed as core-passage verses in 07_semantic_analysis.md Part 1. Full chapter covered across both sections. |
| Titus 3 (3:1-15) | 3:1-8 reviewed as core-passage verses in 07_semantic_analysis.md Part 1 (submission, regeneration, mercy, heirs); 3:9-15 reviewed as standalone chapter section (divisive persons, controversies, closing benediction). Full chapter covered across both sections. |
No chapter of Titus is theologically inert; every chapter contributes new load-bearing vocabulary beyond the Romans baseline, confirmed by full first-to-last review.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং
Transliteration: mathou tadana piba tengbang
Doctrine: Grace / Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা (bhakti-responsive favor toward a devotee, avoid as primary term), পুণ্য (merit accumulated through devotional service/seva, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; reuse exactly. Titus 2:11 personifies grace as the grammatical subject (‘grace…appeared…training us’) — preserve this structurally rather than converting to a passive construction. Occurs 1:4, 2:11, 3:7, 3:15.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (Hindu-derived cosmic/religious duty sense)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 3:5’s ‘not by works done in righteousness’ is a key salvation_by_grace_not_works proof text; negation must be unmistakable, not merely implied.
Justification
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: achumba oihanba
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: ময়ামদা কোকপা (forgiveness alone, too narrow)
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 3:7 (‘having been justified by his grace’) completes the grace→salvation→justification→heirship chain begun at 2:11; render passive-participle form.
Salvation
Approved rendering: অহানবা
Transliteration: ahanba
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষ (Vaishnava liberation, never use), লাইনিং (union/absorption into a deity’s presence, never use)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs implicitly at 2:11 (σωτήριος) and as a verb form at 3:5 (ἔσωσεν — render অহানবিহনখি/অহান্নবিরে).
God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title, never), সানামাহি (household/ancestral deity, never as primary term for God)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout Titus (1:1-4, 2:5, 2:10, 2:11, 2:13, 3:4, 3:8), frequently paired with the new Savior title shared with Christ.
Jesus
Approved rendering: জিসু
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Inherited from Romans package. In Titus, occurs combined with Christ (জিসু ক্রিস্তো) at 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6; see jesus_christ entry for the combined form.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Christo
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Inherited from Romans package. Used in Titus exclusively in the combined form জিসু ক্রিস্তো; must not be presented as one avatar among Vishnu’s recognized avatar sequence.
Jesus Christ
Approved rendering: জিসু ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Jisu Christo
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς Χριστός
Category: Christology
New combined-name entry built from the two inherited components জিসু and ক্রিস্তো, reflecting Titus’s frequent combined usage (1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6). Confirm against a current printed Manipuri Bible before finalizing, per baseline precedent.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengba
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: থাওয়াই alone (never), শক্তি (maibi trance-power, never)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; must always be used in full. In Titus 3:5, the agent of ‘renewal,’ paired with the new regeneration compound.
Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগো
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungo
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title, never)
Inherited from Romans package. NOTE: Titus 2:9 uses δεσπότης (ordinary household ‘master,’ মপু) of servants’ human masters — this ordinary usage must never be confused with, or rendered identically to, the divine title মপু ইবুংগো reserved for Christ’s Lordship.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi machanupa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (never)
Inherited from Romans package. Theological background supporting the Titus 2:13/3:4-6 shared-Savior-title deity-of-Christ argument, though the compound title itself does not recur lexically in Titus as it does in Romans; retain for curriculum teaching cross-reference.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: মীওইগী মহৈ লৌবা
Transliteration: miwoigi mahai louba
Doctrine: The Appearing of Grace and of Christ
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (never)
Inherited from Romans package. Theological background for Titus’s ἐπιφαίνω ‘appearing’ motif (2:11, 2:13, 3:4), which names the same referent event (Christ’s first coming) using different Greek vocabulary; keep ‘incarnation’ and ‘appearing’ (see new entry) lexically distinct in Phase 2 output even where co-referential.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা
Transliteration: sibadagi hingjat-lakpa
Doctrine: Inheritance and the Hope of Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, never)
Inherited from Romans package. Establishes the precedent (never পুনর্জন্ম) that is directly extended to Titus 3:5’s new regeneration term (παλιγγενεσία), the book’s single highest lexical risk for exactly the same reason.
Savior
Approved rendering: অহানবিরকপা
Transliteration: ahanbirakpa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title, places Christ inside the bhakti-devotional framework, never), গুরু (spiritual teacher/guide, reduces Savior to a moksha-granting guru figure, never), মোক্ষদাতা (Vaishnava liberation-granter title, never)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
NEW. Agentive compound parallel to the established apostle pattern (তবিদগী থাবিরকপা). Applied to BOTH God the Father (1:3, 2:10, 3:4) and Jesus Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6) — this dual application is itself deity-of-Christ evidence requiring explicit teaching. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা তম্বিবা
Transliteration: achumba tambiba
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία / ὑγιαίνω
Category: Church
NEW. ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία, a medical (‘healthy teaching’) metaphor with no Manipuri idiomatic parallel; the descriptive compound loses the health-image and requires a translator’s note unpacking it at first occurrence (1:9). Must be distinguished from Vaishnava guru-parampara transmitted doctrine and from Sanamahi oral tradition (wari) authority. Occurs 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:8. Requires theologian confirmation.
Discipline Training
Approved rendering: শিংনবা তম্বিহনবা
Transliteration: shingnaba tambihanba
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: παιδεύω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Central verb of the curriculum’s first doctrine (παιδεύω, 2:12). Must NOT be assimilated to ascetic self-training (tapasya-style discipline) cultivated by a bhakti devotee to build merit toward divine favor — grace, already given, is the trainer; the believer is trained, not earning training’s reward. Requires theologian confirmation before Phase 2 lock-in.
Train To Be Sensible
Approved rendering: সংযমদা তম্বিহনবা
Transliteration: sangyamda tambihanba
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: σωφρονίζω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Causative form of σώφρων (σωφρονίζω, 2:4) — older women ‘training’ younger women. Second training-verb reinforcing 2:12’s theological summary within concrete church-community discipleship. Requires theologian confirmation.
Appearing
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: phongdokpa
Doctrine: The Appearing of Grace and of Christ
Original: ἐπιφαίνω / ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
NEW. Built on the established prophecy-root ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল. Single highest-salience collision risk in the letter with Vaishnava avatar-descent theology enacted in the UNESCO-recognized Ras Lila dance tradition. Occurs at 2:11 (grace appeared), 2:13 (Christ’s future glorious appearing), 3:4 (God’s kindness appeared) — a threefold structural bracket around the core passage. Must be taught as two unique, unrepeatable historical/eschatological events (Christ’s first coming; his singular future return), never a recurring divine descent. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Regeneration
Approved rendering: থাওয়াইদগী অনৌবা হিংবা পীবা
Transliteration: thawaidagi anouba hingba piba
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation — NEVER; the closest linguistic cousin of this very concept, yet denoting the opposite theological reality)
Original: παλιγγενεσία
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Single highest new lexical risk in the entire book. παλιγγενεσία (‘again-birth,’ Titus 3:5) is a one-time, non-cyclical, Spirit-wrought re-creation. Rendering deliberately avoids ‘birth’ vocabulary to prevent readers hearing Sanamahi ancestral-rebirth belief or Vaishnava samsara/reincarnation cosmology. No tolerance for deviation. Human theologian review mandatory, every occurrence, no exceptions.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবা
Transliteration: thajaba
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (bhakti, too specific to Vaishnava devotional framework)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. CAUTION: Titus 2:10’s πᾶσαν πίστιν (‘all good faith/fidelity’ of servants toward masters) uses πίστις in a trustworthiness sense, not saving faith — do not render with থাজবা alone there; use থাজবা য়াবা (see separate entry). Saving-faith occurrences: 1:1, 1:4, 1:13, 3:15.
Election
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi khanba
Doctrine: Election and Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (impersonal fate, never use)
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 1:1 ties Paul’s apostleship to ‘the faith of God’s elect’; must not be conflated with the historic Meitei royal-divine-lineage (Pakhangba descent) selection claim.
Glory
Approved rendering: মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: matik chauba
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 2:13, ‘the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior.’ Avoid metaphors evoking Ras Lila’s ceremonial staging of Krishna’s radiance.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτάνω
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 3:11 describes the self-condemned divisive person who ‘sins.‘
Adoption
Approved rendering: মচা ওইনা লৌবা
Transliteration: macha oina louba
Doctrine: Inheritance and the Hope of Eternal Life
Inherited from Romans package. Root term underlying Titus 3:7’s new heir/inheritance compound (হকশেল ফংবা মচা, see new entry ‘heir’).
Gospel
Approved rendering: নুংঙাইবগী পাউ
Transliteration: nungngaibagi pao
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Inherited from Romans package. εὐαγγέλιον does not lexically occur anywhere in Titus (the concept appears through κήρυγμα/proclamation, 1:3). Do not tag segments with this term unless deliberately supplied as an interpretive gloss (e.g., summarizing 2:11-14); flag any such addition for theologian review.
Godliness
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু ইকায় খুম্নবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu ikai khumnaba
Doctrine: Godliness
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (Vaishnava devotional-love practice, avoid)
Original: εὐσέβεια / εὐσεβῶς
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Letter’s signature ethical term (εὐσέβεια). Must be distinguished from bhakti and from Sanamahi ritual-piety observance maintained through Lai Haraoba. Occurs 1:1 (noun); adverb εὐσεβῶς at 2:12. Requires theologian confirmation before Phase 2 lock-in.
Good Works
Approved rendering: ফজবা থবক
Transliteration: fajaba thabak
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works / Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: καλὰ / ἀγαθὰ ἔργα
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Recurs 8+ times as a structural refrain (1:16, 2:7, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14). Must be taught explicitly as the fruit of grace-given salvation, never its ground — Titus 3:5 is the letter’s own explicit corrective. Risk of collapse into Vaishnava bhakti sevā (merit-building devotional service) or punya (ritual merit), both already rejected in the baseline grace entry.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: সংযম
Transliteration: sangyam
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: σώφρων / σωφρόνως
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Shared pan-Indic loanword, retained per baseline precedent (cf. পাপ, করুণা) with an explicit distinguishing note: Christian self-control is Spirit-enabled fruit of grace’s training, not the devotee’s own ascetic self-discipline (sangyam/tapasya) cultivated to build merit or deepen divine favor. The letter’s single most frequent character-term: 1:8, 2:2, 2:5, 2:6 (σωφρονεῖν), 2:12 (σωφρόνως).
Renewal
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবাগী অনৌবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengbagi anouba oihanba
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Original: ἀνακαίνωσις
Category: Sanctification
NEW. ἀνακαίνωσις, companion image to regeneration (Titus 3:5) — the Spirit’s ongoing renewing work, distinct from the one-time regeneration event. Keep structurally distinct in every occurrence so the one-time/ongoing distinction Paul himself draws is not collapsed.
Redemption
Approved rendering: মমল পীদুনা থাদোকপা
Transliteration: mamal piduna thadokpa
Doctrine: Christ’s Redemptive Self-Giving
Original: λυτρόομαι
Category: Salvation
NEW. λυτρόομαι (Titus 2:14). Must not be framed as appeasement paid to a personified evil power, ancestral spirit, or Umang Lai deity, as in traditional propitiatory offerings; the payment satisfies God’s own justice, given by God’s own initiative.
Mercy
Approved rendering: করুণা
Transliteration: karuna
Doctrine: The Mercy of God / Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW. ἔλεος (Titus 3:5), the stated positive ground of salvation replacing works. Shared pan-Indic religious term, retained with distinguishing note (parallel to the baseline’s grace/কৃপা caution): God’s mercy here precedes and is independent of any devotional achievement, unlike Krishna’s karuna, typically understood as responsive to a devotee’s devoted service.
Elder
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়াগী অহল
Transliteration: kalisiyagi ahal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
NEW. πρεσβύτερος (Titus 1:5), the primary textual basis for ‘Qualifications for Elders.’ Must be distinguished from a traditional Meitei clan/village elder (yumnak lup structures, socio-political authority), a Vaishnava temple hierarchy office (e.g. mahant), and a Sanamahi ritual specialist (maiba). Requires theologian/native-speaker confirmation.
Overseer
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়া চেক্শিনবা
Transliteration: kalisiya cheksinba
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church
NEW. ἐπίσκοπος, used as a synonym for πρεσβύτερος at Titus 1:7 (‘for the overseer must be…’). Preserve this synonym relationship in Phase 2 notes so translators do not accidentally invent two unrelated offices.
Insubordinate
Approved rendering: ইনবা য়াদবা
Transliteration: inaba yadaba
Doctrine: Submission to Authority / Qualifications for Elders
Original: ἀνυπότακτος
Category: Church
NEW. ἀνυπότακτος, the direct antonym of the submission root ইনবা. Describes disqualifying elder conduct (1:6) and false teachers’ character (1:10) — a personal/doctrinal insubordination, not a political stance; must not be conflated with the submission_to_authority doctrine’s civic-obedience sense.
Submit
Approved rendering: ইনবা
Transliteration: inba
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Church
NEW (reuses an existing baseline root). ὑποτάσσω, reusing the root already present in the baseline’s obedience_of_faith compound (থাজবগী ইনবা). Recurs for wives (2:5), servants (2:9), citizens (3:1) — the central verb of this doctrine. Must be taught as voluntary gospel-shaped conduct, not equated with clan/village lup elder-deference structures or caste-inflected social hierarchy in Manipuri Vaishnava social order. Human theologian review recommended.
Divisive Person
Approved rendering: খেৎনবা মীওই
Transliteration: khetnaba miwoi
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Church
NEW. αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος (Titus 3:10), the key term for this doctrine. Must be taught as internal church discipline for doctrinal/relational division, explicitly distinguished from ethnic-political factionalism or clan-based social sanction (yumnak ostracism practices), given Manipur’s contemporary inter-community sensitivities. Human/native-speaker review recommended.
Foolish Controversies
Approved rendering: অকান্বা ৱানবা
Transliteration: akanba wanba
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ζήτησις (μωρὰς ζητήσεις)
Category: Church
NEW. ζήτησις (Titus 3:9), the specific problem-behavior named by this doctrine, paired with genealogies and legal quarrels.
Heir
Approved rendering: হকশেল ফংবা মচা
Transliteration: hakshel phangba macha
Doctrine: Inheritance and the Hope of Eternal Life
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Salvation
NEW. κληρονόμος (Titus 3:7), built on the established adoption term (মচা ওইনা লৌবা). Requires the same explicit inheritance-rights teaching the baseline flags for adoption, since formal legal inheritance is not a settled category in traditional Meitei clan (yumnak) kinship structure, where inheritance runs through birth lineage.
Purity Of Conscience
Approved rendering: অসেংবা (মনুংগী মতাংদা)
Transliteration: asengba (manunggi matangda)
Doctrine: Purity of Conscience
Rejected alternatives: শেংবা (reserved strictly for physical/ritual cleanliness, never for this sense)
Original: καθαρός / μιαίνω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. καθαρός/μιαίνω (Titus 1:15). Paul’s polemical target is a ritual-purity-code mindset; render with অসেংবা-family (moral/inward purity) vocabulary. Requires an explicit translator note given this verse’s close resemblance to both Sanamahi Lai Haraoba ritual-purification concerns and Vaishnava temple/food purity codes (śuddhi). Human theologian review recommended.
Profess
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা / হায়বা
Transliteration: phongdokpa / haiba
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Faith
NEW. ὁμολογέω (Titus 1:16), ‘they profess to know God.’ Same confession-vocabulary family underlying the baseline’s Romans 10:9-10 consistency rule; this verse is an instructive negative counterpart (empty profession unaccompanied by works).
Deny By Works
Approved rendering: থবক্না য়াদোকপা
Transliteration: thabakna yadokpa
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ἀρνέομαι (τοῖς ἔργοις ἀρνοῦνται)
Category: Sin
NEW. ἀρνέομαι (Titus 1:16). Works can either adorn sound doctrine (2:10) or contradict a profession of faith (1:16) — establishes the works/doctrine relationship running through the whole letter.
Ungodliness
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু ইকায় খুম্নদবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu ikai khumnadaba
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
NEW. ἀσέβεια (Titus 2:12), the negative pole of the letter’s godliness theme, rendered as negation of the godliness term.
Faith Fidelity Trustworthiness
Approved rendering: থাজবা য়াবা
Transliteration: thajaba yaba
Doctrine: Household Relationships and Gospel Witness
NEW, distinct sense of πίστις. Titus 2:10’s πᾶσαν πίστιν describes servants’ trustworthy conduct toward masters, not saving faith. Use this distinct compound rather than থাজবা alone, to avoid implying servants must exercise saving faith toward human masters.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: তবিদগী থাবিরকপা
Transliteration: tabidagi thabirakpa
Doctrine: Election and Divine Calling
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; reuse exactly. Titus 1:1, Paul’s self-designation alongside ‘servant of God.‘
Peace
Approved rendering: ইনগবা
Transliteration: ingba
Doctrine: Closing Grace Benediction / Salutation
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Titus 1:4 standard Pauline salutation pairing with grace.
Law
Approved rendering: য়াথাং
Transliteration: yathang
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (never)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Three distinct grammatical forms in Titus: ἀνομία ‘lawlessness’ (2:14), νομικάς ‘about the law’ (3:9), τὸν νομικόν ‘the lawyer’ (3:13, a profession — do not force one rendering for both senses).
Church
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়া
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (never), উমাং লাই থাবা (never)
Inherited from Romans package. ἐκκλησία does not lexically occur anywhere in Titus. Use only as a deliberate contextual gloss (e.g., for ‘the believing community’ around elder qualifications) and flag any such addition for theologian review, per baseline precedent.
Older Man Woman
Approved rendering: অহল নুপা / অহল নুপী
Transliteration: ahal nupa / ahal nupi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: πρεσβύτης / πρεσβύτις
Category: Church
NEW. πρεσβύτης/πρεσβύτις (Titus 2:2, 2:3), an age-based household-code category lexically distinct from the church-office word πρεσβύτερος. Flag this distinction for Phase 2 translators so age-based household respect is never conflated with the ordained office of elder (কলিসিয়াগী অহল).
Steward
Approved rendering: থৌনায় য়েংশিলবা
Transliteration: thounai yengsilba
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: οἰκονόμος
Category: Church
NEW. οἰκονόμος (Titus 1:7); elders as God’s accountable household-managers, distinct from a Meitei clan/household head (yumnak-gi apokpa) or a Vaishnava temple manager (sevayat).
Blameless
Approved rendering: থেমদবা
Transliteration: themdaba
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church
NEW. ἀνέγκλητος, a repeated qualification standard for elders (1:6, 1:7). Provisional pending confirmation with a Manipuri-speaking theologian.
One Woman Man
Approved rendering: নুপী অমাত্তাগী মপুরোইবা
Transliteration: nupi amattagi mapuroiba
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
NEW. μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ (Titus 1:6), a concrete marital-fidelity idiom. Flag for native-speaker sensitivity given the practical range of Meitei marriage customs; must be communicated as a positive fidelity requirement, not an implied critique of a specific community.
Civil Authority
Approved rendering: লৈবাক্কী মপুশিং / ক্ষমতা
Transliteration: leibakki mapushing / kshamata
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ἀρχή, ἐξουσία
Category: Church
NEW. ἀρχή, ἐξουσία (Titus 3:1), echoing Romans 13:1-7. Must not be read as endorsing the historic Meitei king’s own claimed divine-descent (Pakhangba-lineage) authority; this is the general biblical civil-order principle, not a specific royal theology.
Obey Authority
Approved rendering: য়াথাং ইনবা
Transliteration: yathang inba
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: πειθαρχέω
Category: Church
NEW. πειθαρχέω (Titus 3:1), a near-synonym reinforcing ὑποτάσσω with an explicit obedience-to-rulers sense.
Myths
Approved rendering: অহৌবা ৱারী
Transliteration: ahouba wari
Doctrine: Myths and Genealogies as Divisive Controversy
Original: μῦθος
Category: Covenant
NEW. μῦθος (Titus 1:14). Must not be extended to characterize traditional Meitei oral narrative heritage (wari/pena recitation traditions central to Sanamahi religious memory, or the puya manuscripts lost in the 1729 Puya Meithaba) — this targets a specific first-century Jewish-Christian legalist controversy, not any culture’s entire oral tradition.
Genealogies
Approved rendering: য়ুম্নাক্কী মরুওইশিং ৱারী
Transliteration: yumnakki maruwoishing wari
Doctrine: Myths and Genealogies as Divisive Controversy
Original: γενεαλογία
Category: Covenant
NEW. γενεαλογία (Titus 3:9). Given the cultural weight of yumnak (clan) lineage identity in Meitei culture, teach as a specific first-century controversy-type, not a general dismissal of lineage/genealogical interest as such.
Truth
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা
Transliteration: achumba
Doctrine: The Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Faith
NEW (reuses an existing adjective root). ἀλήθεια, used here as an independent noun, reusing the adjective root already embedded in the established righteousness compound (অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক). Occurs 1:1, 1:14.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: লোমননা হিংবা
Transliteration: lomanna hingba
Doctrine: Inheritance and the Hope of Eternal Life
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ζωὴ αἰώνιος (Titus 1:2, 3:7). Must be distinguished from a Vaishnava eternal-liberated-existence-with-Krishna aspiration and from an escape-from-rebirth framing; this is resurrection life with a personal God.
Hope
Approved rendering: আশা
Transliteration: asha
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
NEW (loanword). ἐλπίς (Titus 1:2; 2:13, ‘blessed hope’). Must be distinguished from fate-language (ৱাইফম, already forbidden in the baseline) and from generic worldly optimism; this is certain, Christ-grounded confident expectation.
Conscience
Approved rendering: মনুংগী খংবা-থাজবা
Transliteration: manunggi khangba-thajaba
Doctrine: Purity of Conscience
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
NEW, provisional. συνείδησις (Titus 1:15). No settled Manipuri Christian equivalent is currently attested; requires native-speaker/theologian confirmation before wide deployment — highest uncertainty of any Medium-risk term in this letter.
Adorn Doctrine
Approved rendering: মফম ফজহনবা
Transliteration: mafam fajahanba
Doctrine: Church Reputation and Public Witness
Original: κοσμέω
Category: Church
NEW. κοσμέω (Titus 2:10). Good conduct beautifies/commends sound doctrine to outside observers — a direct link between the Sound Doctrine and Good Works doctrines.
Blaspheme
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী ৱাহেইদা থীনা ৱারী নংহনবা / কায়দা ৱারী নংবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi waheida thina wari nonghanba / kaida wari nongba
Doctrine: Church Reputation and Public Witness
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Church
NEW. βλασφημέω occurs at two distinct severities: of God’s word specifically (2:5, graver — first rendering) and of any person generally (3:2, general slander — second rendering). Do not force identical rendering weight across both occurrences.
Commandment
Approved rendering: মথৌ / মথৌ পুম্নমক্কী মতাংদা
Transliteration: mathou / mathou pumnamakki matangda
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: ἐπιταγή, ἐντολή
Category: Covenant
NEW. Distinguish ἐπιταγή of God’s own commission (1:3) and Titus’s derivative teaching authority (2:15) from ἐντολή ‘commandments of men’ (1:14, মীওইশিংগী য়াথাং) and from ক্ষমতা (civil/political authority, ch. 3).
Proclamation
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: phongdokpagi thoudang
Doctrine: The Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: κήρυγμα
Category: Church
NEW. κήρυγμα (Titus 1:3). Distinct from, but conceptually adjacent to, the established gospel term (নুংঙাইবগী পাউ), which does not lexically occur anywhere in Titus. Do not tag segments with the gospel term unless deliberately supplied as an interpretive gloss.
Kindness
Approved rendering: থৌগাল
Transliteration: thougal
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: χρηστότης
Category: Salvation
NEW. χρηστότης (Titus 3:4). Pairs with love_for_mankind and mercy as the trio of terms replacing ‘works’ as salvation’s ground in 3:4-5.
Love For Mankind
Approved rendering: মীওই পুম্নমক্তা নিংশিংবা
Transliteration: miwoi pumnamakta ningshingba
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: φιλανθρωπία
Category: Salvation
NEW. φιλανθρωπία (Titus 3:4). Emphasizes the sheer breadth of God’s benevolent love toward humanity as such, not a devotee-class-restricted love.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: য়াথাং য়াদবা
Transliteration: yathang yadaba
Doctrine: Christ’s Redemptive Self-Giving
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Sin
NEW. ἀνομία (Titus 2:14), built on the reused law term য়াথাং — the condition from which Christ’s self-giving redeems believers.
Worldly Desires
Approved rendering: তালোনগী মমাংগী ঙাক-চাংবা
Transliteration: talonggi mamanggi ngak-changba
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: κοσμικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι
Category: Sin
NEW. κοσμικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι (Titus 2:12), echoed by 3:3’s ‘various passions and pleasures’ describing pre-conversion bondage; contrasted with the age to come.
Blessed Hope
Approved rendering: ঙায়রবা আশা
Transliteration: ngayraba asha
Doctrine: The Blessed Hope of Christ’s Return
Original: μακαρία ἐλπίς
Category: Eschatology
NEW. μακαρία ἐλπίς (Titus 2:13), a settled, certain future confidence in Christ’s promised return; must be distinguished from fate-language and generic worldly optimism.
Circumcision Party
Approved rendering: কুইদগী থোকখিবা মীওইশিং
Transliteration: kuidagi thokkhiba miwoishing
Doctrine: Myths and Genealogies as Divisive Controversy
Original: οἱ ἐκ τῆς περιτομῆς
Category: Covenant
NEW. οἱ ἐκ τῆς περιτομῆς (Titus 1:10). Requires careful contextual footnoting so this is read historically (an intra-Jewish-Christian dispute), not mapped onto any contemporary Manipuri inter-community tension.
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা য়াবা ৱাহেই অসি
Transliteration: achumba yaba waheu asi
Doctrine: The Trustworthiness of God’s Word
NEW. Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (Titus 3:8), a fixed Pastoral-Epistles formula marking an authoritative, creed-like summary statement. Recommend marking distinctly as a formula device wherever it recurs across curriculum materials (implicit also at 1:9).
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: থাগৎচরি
Transliteration: thagatchari
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. May appear in curriculum framing material around Titus; not a Titus lexeme itself.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: লোইনবা
Transliteration: loinaba
Doctrine: Household Relationships and Gospel Witness
Inherited from Romans package. May support curriculum framing around the household-of-faith material in Titus 2 and 3:12-15.
Prophet
Approved rendering: তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: tongan tonganba phongdokpa
Doctrine: The Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Rejected alternatives: মৈবা (Sanamahi ritual specialist, never)
Inherited from Romans package. CAUTION: Titus 1:12 applies this word ironically to a pagan Cretan poet (Epimenides) whom Paul quotes; flag a translator note that this is Paul’s rhetorical use of a source’s own self-designation, not an endorsement of a pagan prophetic office, and must not be confused with the biblical prophetic office this term otherwise names.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: মীওই ইনবা লৌবা
Transliteration: miwoi inba louba
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Church
NEW. φιλόξενος (Titus 1:8). Connects with existing, positively-regarded Manipuri hospitality norms; no major collision risk, confirm natural phrasing with a native speaker.
Admonition
Approved rendering: চেকশিন-হায়জবা
Transliteration: cheksin-haijaba
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: νουθεσία
Category: Church
NEW. νουθεσία (Titus 3:10), ‘a first and second warning’ — establishes that church discipline is patient and process-based, not immediate expulsion.
Gentleness
Approved rendering: নুংঙাইবা পুক্নীং
Transliteration: nungngaiba puknning
Doctrine: Church Reputation and Public Witness
NEW. πραΰτης (Titus 3:2), the public posture Christians owe even unbelieving civil society.
Referenced passages