Core Glossary
08 — Core Glossary: Acts 1–28 (English–Manipuri)
Curriculum: Acts
Companion document to: 07_semantic_analysis.md
Governing rule: Section A terms are fixed by the baseline Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and MUST be reused exactly, with no re-derivation, in all Acts curriculum materials. Section B terms are new to the Acts curriculum and are proposed here for entry into an updated, versioned translation memory (see Phase 2 note at the end of this document). Section C indexes every term against the chapter(s) in which it is load-bearing, confirming full-book coverage.
Section A — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| Term (English) | Manipuri | Transliteration | Risk (baseline) | Doctrine(s) in Acts | Key Acts Passages | Reuse Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | তেংবাং মপু | Tengban Mapu | Critical | Holy Spirit/Pentecost; Gospel to Jews/Gentiles; all doctrines | throughout | Never ঠাকুর or সানামাহি. |
| Jesus | জিসু | Jisu | Critical | Conversion of Paul; all Christological doctrines | throughout | |
| Christ/Messiah | ক্রিস্তো | Christo | Critical | Messianic fulfillment (2:36; 13:39; 17:3; 18:5,28) | 2:36; 3:18,20; 9:22; 13:33; 17:3; 18:5,28; 26:23 | |
| Lord | মপু ইবুংগো | Mapu Ibungo | Critical | Lordship of Christ; Conversion of Paul | 2:21,34,36; 9:5,10,17; 10:36; 16:31; 22:8,10 | Never ঠাকুর. |
| Holy Spirit | থাওয়াই অসেংবা | Thawai Asengba | Critical | Holy Spirit and Pentecost (governing doctrine) | 1:5,8; 2:4,33,38; 4:8,31; 5:3,9,32; 6:3,5; 8:15–19; 9:17,31; 10:44–47; 11:15–16,24; 13:2,4,9,52; 15:8,28; 19:2,6; 20:23,28; 28:25 | Never bare থাওয়াই. |
| Son of God | তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা | Tengban Mapugi machanupa | Critical | Deity/Sonship of Christ | 9:20; 13:33 | Distinct from “Son of Man” (new term, Section B). |
| Resurrection | সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা | Sibadagi hingjat-lakpa | Critical | Resurrection of Christ; extended to general resurrection (ch.23) | 1:22; 2:24,31–32; 3:15,26; 4:2,10,33; 5:30; 10:40–41; 13:30–37; 17:18,31–32; 23:6,8; 24:15,21; 26:8,23 | Never পুনর্জন্ম. Ch.9 (Tabitha), ch.20 (Eutychus): explicit note that a temporary restoration-to-mortal-life miracle is not the same category as Christ’s unique resurrection. |
| Salvation | অহানবা | Ahanba | Critical | Gospel to Jews/Gentiles; Justification apart from Law | 2:21,40,47; 4:9,12; 11:14; 13:26,47; 15:1,11; 16:17,30–31; 28:28 | Never মোক্ষ. |
| Grace | মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং | Mathou tadana piba tengbang | Critical | Justification apart from Law; Jerusalem Council | 4:33; 6:8; 11:23; 13:43; 14:3,26; 15:11,40; 18:27; 20:24,32 | Never let it collapse into কৃপা. |
| Faith | থাজবা | Thajaba | High | Repentance and Baptism; Justification apart from Law | 3:16; 6:5,7; 11:24; 13:8,48; 14:9,22,27; 15:9; 16:5,31; 20:21; 26:18 | Object of faith always named as Jesus/the Lord. |
| Righteousness | অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক | Achumba chatnabirak | Critical | Justification apart from Law | 13:10; 24:25 | |
| Justification | অচুম্বা ওইহনবা | Achumba oihanba | Critical | Justification apart from the Law (governing doctrine) | 13:39 | Locus classicus in Acts for this doctrine; render identically to Romans package. |
| Gospel | নুংঙাইবগী পাউ | Nungngaibagi pao | High | Gospel to Jews/Gentiles; Great Commission Fulfilled | 8:25,35,40; 10:36; 13:32; 14:7,21; 15:7; 16:10; 20:24 | |
| Apostle | তবিদগী থাবিরকপা | Tabidagi thabirakpa | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | 1:2,25–26; 2:42–43; 4:33,35–37; 5:2,12,18,29,40; 8:1,14,18; 9:27; 11:1; 13:2–3 (implicit); 14:4,14; 15:2,4,6,22–23; 16:4 | |
| Called/Calling | কৌখিবা / কৌবগী থৌদাং | Koukhiba / Koubagi thoudang | High | Divine Calling; Election | 2:21,39; 13:2 | |
| Holy | অসেংবা | Asengba | High | Sanctification; Church as Community | throughout (e.g., 3:14; 9:13,32,41; 13:34; 21:28) | Never শেংবা for moral holiness. |
| Saints | অসেংবা মীওই | Asengba miwoi | High | Church as Community | 9:13,32,41; 26:10 | |
| Sanctification | অসেংবা ওইহনবা | Asengba oihanba | High | Repentance and Baptism; Conversion narrative | 20:32; 26:18 | |
| Church | কলিসিয়া | Kalisiya | Medium | Church as Community (governing doctrine) | 2:47; 5:11; 8:1,3; 9:31; 11:22,26; 12:1,5; 13:1; 14:23,27; 15:3–4,22,41; 16:5; 20:17,28 | Never মন্দির or উমাং লাই থাবা. |
| Kingdom of God | তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক | Tengban Mapugi leipak | Medium | Great Commission Fulfilled | 1:3,6; 8:12; 14:22; 19:8; 20:25; 28:23,31 | |
| Law | য়াথাং | Yathang | Medium | Justification apart from the Law (governing doctrine) | 13:39; 15:5,24; 18:13; 21:20,24,28; 22:3,12; 23:3,29; 24:14; 25:8; 28:23 | Never ধর্ম. |
| Sin | পাপ | Pap | High | Repentance and Baptism; Universal Human Accountability | 2:38; 3:19; 5:31; 7:60; 10:43; 13:38; 22:16; 26:18 | |
| Gentiles | অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ | Atoppa phurup | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (governing doctrine) | 9:15; 10:45; 11:1,18; 13:46–48; 14:27; 15:3,7,12,14,19; 18:6; 21:19,25; 22:21; 26:17,20,23; 28:28 | |
| Glory | মতিক চাউবা | Matik chauba | High | Deity of Christ; Great Commission Fulfilled | 7:2,55; 12:23; 22:11 | |
| Power of God | তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা | Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba | High | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | 1:8; 4:7,33; 6:8; 10:38 | Never শক্তি. |
| Messiah | ক্রিস্তো | Christo | Critical | Messianic Promise (linked to Conversion of Paul, Justification apart from Law) | see Christ above | |
| Prophet | তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা | Tongan tonganba phongdokpa | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 2:16,30; 3:18,21–25; 7:37,42,48,52; 8:28,30,34; 10:43; 11:27; 13:1,15,20,27,40; 15:15,32; 21:9–10; 24:14; 26:22,27; 28:23 | Never মৈবা/মৈবী. |
| Prophecy | ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল | Phongdokpa warol | Low (elevated to High at 2:17–18, see Part 1) | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 2:17–18; 21:10–11 | |
| Covenant | ৱারেপ্পা | Wareppa | High | Davidic Covenant background (Stephen’s speech, ch.7) | 3:25; 7:8 | |
| Election | তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা | Tengban Mapugi khanba | High | Conversion of Paul (extended with “chosen instrument,” Section B) | 1:24; 9:15; 13:17; 15:7,22,25 | |
| Intercession | মখোয়গী মফমদা হায়জবা | Makhoigi mafamda haijaba | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness; Church as Community | 4:24–31; 7:60; 8:15,24; 12:5,12; 27:35 | |
| Providence | তেংবাং মপুগী থৌরাং | Tengban Mapugi thourang | High | Apostolic Authority; whole book’s narrative arc | 12:5–17; 16:26; 17:26; 18:9–10; 23:11; 27:22–25,34 | Never ৱাইফম. |
| Mission | পাউ সন্দোকপগী থৌদাং | Pao sandokpagi thoudang | Medium | Great Commission Fulfilled (governing doctrine) | 1:8; 13:2–4; 15:36; 22:21 | |
| David | দাউদ | Daud | Low/Medium | Messianic fulfillment (Peter’s, Paul’s sermons) | 2:25,29,34; 4:25; 7:45; 13:22,34,36; 15:16 | |
| Israel | ইস্রায়েল | Israel | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | 1:6; 2:36; 4:10,27; 5:21,31; 7:23,37,42; 9:15; 10:36; 13:16–24; 21:28; 28:20 | |
| Father | ইপা | Ipa | Critical | Adoption/Sonship (background to Acts 26:18’s “inheritance”) | 1:4,7; 2:33 | |
| Exhort | থাওয়াই পীবা | Thawai piba | Low | Mutual Edification (church leadership farewell, ch.20) | 2:40; 11:23; 14:22; 15:32; 16:40; 20:1–2 | |
| Seed of David | দাউদগী চা-চাহি | Daudgi cha-chahi | High | Davidic Covenant background | 2:30; 13:23 | |
| Peace | ইনগবা | Ingba | Medium | Church as Community | 9:31; 10:36; 15:33 | |
| Spiritual Gifts | থাওয়াইগী খুদোল | Thawaigi khudol | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | 2:4 (tongues as gift), 6:3,5,8; 8:6–7; 19:6 | Distinguish from sorcery/divination-spirit (Section B). |
| Thanksgiving | থাগৎচরি | Thagatchari | Low | Church as Community | 27:35; 28:15 (implicit) | |
| Fellowship | লোইনবা | Loinaba | Low | Church as Community | 2:42,44; 4:32 | Extended by new “all things common” note, Section B. |
| Imputed Righteousness | পীথোকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক | Pithokpa achumba chatnabirak | Critical | Justification apart from the Law | 13:39 (conceptually, alongside “justification”) |
Section B — New Terms Introduced by the Acts Curriculum
These terms are not fixed in the Romans baseline translation memory. Each is proposed with a risk tier, a doctrine linkage, and a grounded reason. All Critical- and High-risk entries require human theologian sign-off before being written into the versioned translation memory (see Phase 2 note below).
| Term (English) | Greek | Manipuri (proposed) | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Key Passages | Rationale / Risk Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repentance / Repent | μετάνοια / μετανοέω | পুকৌ হোংদোকপা | pukou hongdokpa | Critical | Repentance and Baptism | 2:38; 3:19; 11:18; 17:30; 20:21; 26:20 | Must be distinguished from prāyaścitta-style ritual atonement in Vaishnava practice and from ritual purification before Lai Haraoba; biblical repentance is inward reorientation toward the living God, not a ritual act discharging an offense. |
| Baptism / Baptize | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω | বাপ্তিস্মা (noun); বাপ্তিস্মা লৌবা (verb) | baptisma / baptisma louba | Critical | Repentance and Baptism (governing doctrine) | 1:5; 2:38,41; 8:36,38; 9:18; 10:47–48; 16:15,33; 19:3–5; 22:16 | Must be distinguished from ritual purification bathing in both live traditions (Vaishnava snana; Sanamahi purification rites); a public, once-for-all identification with Christ, not a repeatable washing. Distinguish John’s baptism from baptism in the name of the Lord Jesus (19:3–5). |
| Tongues (languages) | γλῶσσα | লোন / অতোপ্পা লোন | lon / atoppa lon | Critical | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost (governing doctrine) | 2:4,6,8,11; 10:46; 19:6 | Must be rendered as literal, intelligible human languages for gospel proclamation, never as the maibi’s ecstatic, unintelligible trance-utterance during Lai Haraoba. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence. |
| Pentecost | Πεντηκοστή | পেন্তেকোস্ত | Pentekosta | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | 2:1; 20:16 | Transliterate; must not be assimilated to the general festival category shared with the Vaishnava calendar (Ras Lila, Krishna Janmashtami) or Lai Haraoba. |
| Witness / Testify | μάρτυς / μαρτυρέω / διαμαρτύρομαι | সাক্ষী / সাক্ষী পীবা | sakshi / sakshi piba | High | Persecution and Bold Witness (governing doctrine); Apostolic Authority | 1:8; 2:32,40; 3:15; 4:33; 5:32; 10:39; 13:31; 22:15,20; 26:16; 22:20 (Stephen as prototype martyr) | Deliberate, rational, historical eyewitness testimony — must be distinguished from a maibi’s mediated, trance-state oracular disclosure during Lai Haraoba. |
| The Way | ἡ ὁδός | লম্বী | lambi | High | Church as Community; identity marker across the whole book | 9:2; 18:26; 19:9,23; 22:4; 24:14,22 | Must not align with the “path/mārga” concept central to Manipuri Vaishnava bhakti-mārga soteriology; names this specific historical movement centered on the risen Christ, not one path among several. |
| Christian | Χριστιανός | ক্রিস্তান | Christan | Medium | Church as Community | 11:26; 26:28 | Transliteration, following ক্রিস্তো; low collision risk, but new proper designation requiring consistent use. |
| Boldness | παρρησία | ঠাঠোন্না ঙাংবা | thathonna ngangba | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness (governing doctrine) | 4:13,29,31; 9:27–28; 13:46; 14:3; 18:26; 19:8; 28:31 | Fearless, open proclamation despite threat; no strong cultural collision but requires consistent rendering across many occurrences. |
| Signs and Wonders | σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα | মমল অমসুং খুদমশিং | mamal amasung khudamshing | High | Apostolic Authority and Miracles (governing doctrine) | 2:22,43; 4:30; 5:12; 6:8; 8:13; 14:3; 15:12 | Extends the baseline’s শক্তি-avoidance caution; must be distinguished from a maiba/maibi’s ritual displays and from condemned sorcery (below): biblical signs authenticate God’s sent messenger. |
| Sorcery / Magic | μαγεία / γοητεία | লৌহৌবগী থবক | louhoubagi thabak | High | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | 8:9–11 (Simon); 13:6–11 (Elymas); 19:13–19 (Ephesian magic scrolls) | Explicitly condemned occult ritual power for personal prestige; must be clearly distinguished both from Spirit-given gifts and from any traditional ritual specialist’s (maiba/maibi) recognized practice, per the text’s own verdict. |
| Divination Spirit / Evil Spirit | πνεῦμα πύθωνα / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον | ফাত্তবা থাওয়াই / অগন হায়বগী থাওয়াই | phattaba thawai / agan haibagi thawai | Critical | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; Persecution and Bold Witness | 16:16–18; 5:16; 8:7; 19:12 | The single highest-salience collision risk in the book: an oracular spirit speaking through a human medium closely parallels the maibi’s Lai Haraoba trance role. Scripture’s verdict is unambiguous condemnation and exorcism in Jesus’ name, not negotiation or veneration; requires the most careful pastoral framing in the curriculum. |
| Laying on of Hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | খুৎ থাম্বা | khut thamba | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles; Holy Spirit and Pentecost | 6:6; 8:17–19; 9:17; 13:3; 19:6; 28:8 | Distinguish from a maiba’s ritual touch-healing gesture; a commissioning/blessing act tied to apostolic authority. |
| Unclean / Clean (ceremonial) | κοινός / ἀκάθαρτος vs. καθαρός | শেংদবা / শেংবা | shengdaba / shengba | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Justification apart from the Law | 10:14–15,28; 11:8–9 | Keep distinct from the baseline’s reserved শেংবা (ritual cleanliness) and অসেংবা (moral holiness); God’s abolition of the ceremonial food/purity boundary must not be absorbed into existing regional purity categories (Lai Haraoba or temple ritual purity, caste-inflected food purity). |
| No Partiality | προσωπολήπτης | তেংবাং মপুনা মমাই য়েংনা ৱারৌবা তৌদে | Tengban Mapuna mamai yengna warouba taude | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (governing doctrine); Universal Scope of the Gospel | 10:34–35 | Teach as theological principle grounding Gentile inclusion; consistent with the baseline’s caution against mapping directly onto Manipur’s present inter-community relations. |
| God-fearer | σεβόμενος / φοβούμενος τὸν Θεόν | তেংবাং মপুবু কিবা মীওই | Tengban Mapubu kiba miwoi | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | 10:2,22; 13:16,26; 16:14; 17:4,17; 18:7 | Technical term for a Gentile sympathizer with Jewish monotheism prior to conversion; bridge concept for Cornelius, Lydia, etc. |
| Circumcision | περιτομή | চোকথোকপগী চত্থোক | chokthokpagi chatthok | Medium-High | Justification apart from the Law (governing doctrine) | 15:1,5; 16:3; 21:21 | Confirm with theologian; doctrinal weight rests primarily on the surrounding grace/law/justification vocabulary already fixed in the baseline. |
| Yoke (of the Law) | ζυγός | য়াথাংগী পোৎ | yathanggi pot | Medium | Justification apart from the Law | 15:10 | Metaphor for the burden of law-keeping imposed as a salvation-requirement; rejected by the Jerusalem Council. |
| Council Decree | δόγμα | ৱারেপ্পা লৌখিবা | wareppa loukhiba | Medium | Church as Community; Apostolic Authority | 15:20,28–29; 16:4 | Corporate, binding apostolic decision-making. |
| Elder / Overseer / Shepherd | πρεσβύτερος / ἐπίσκοπος / ποιμήν | অহল / চেক্শিনবা / য়াওল | ahal / chekshinaba / yaol | Medium | Church as Community (governing doctrine) | 11:30; 14:23; 15:2,4,6,22–23; 16:4; 20:17,28; 21:18 | Establishes durable local-church governance vocabulary distinct from apostleship. |
| Nazirite Vow | εὐχή | ৱাশাক্না লৌবগী থৌরাং | wasakna loubagi thourang | Low-Medium | Justification apart from the Law (Paul’s continued respect for Jewish custom) | 18:18; 21:23–24 | Illustrates that cultural/covenantal custom-keeping is permitted without being salvation-required. |
| Sanhedrin | συνέδριον | সানহেড্রিন | Sanhedrin | Low | Persecution and Bold Witness | 4:15; 5:21,27,34,41; 6:12,15; 22:30; 23:1,6,15,20,28; 24:20 | Proper noun; transliterate. |
| Unknown God | ἄγνωστος θεός | খংদবা তেংবাং মপু | khangdaba Tengban Mapu | Critical | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; The Great Commission Fulfilled | 17:23 | Paul’s rhetorical bridge must never be read as affirming Sanamahi, an Umang Lai deity, or any local “unknown god” IS the true God under another name; his following words correct and replace, not affirm, prior ignorance. Requires the most explicit doctrinal framing in the curriculum. |
| Times of Ignorance | χρόνοι τῆς ἀγνοίας | খংদবা মতমশিং | khangdaba matamshing | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles; Great Commission Fulfilled | 17:30 | Pastoral-sensitivity note: a theological category (ignorance of the one true God), not a demeaning judgment on Sanamahi or Vaishnava religious history; consistent with baseline’s colonial-sensitivity caution. |
| Living God (vs. idols) | θεὸς ζῶν / μάταια | হিংবা তেংবাং মপু / অকানবা পোৎশিং | hingba Tengban Mapu / akanaba potshing | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | 14:15 | Paul and Barnabas refuse worship offered to them as gods and redirect to the one living God — directly relevant rhetorical pattern for engaging both the Umang Lai pantheon and Vaishnava avatar-worship; teach respectfully but without softening the exclusive-worship claim. |
| Founder / Pioneer of Life | ἀρχηγός | অহানবগী লম্বীলাকপা | ahanbagi lambilakpa | Critical | Deity of Christ; Resurrection of Christ | 3:15; 5:31 | New Christological title; Christ as originating source and leader of resurrection life. |
| Holy and Righteous One | ὁ ἅγιος καὶ ὁ δίκαιος | অসেংবা অমসুং অচুম্বা মহাক | asengba amasung achumba mahak | Critical | Deity of Christ | 3:14 | Compound Christological title built from two already-fixed baseline terms. |
| Times of Refreshing / Restoration | καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως / ἀποκατάστασις | হানবগী মতম / পুম্নমক হানথোকপা | hanbagi matam / pumnamak hanthokpa | High | The Great Commission Fulfilled; eschatology | 3:19–21 | Must not be assimilated to cyclical yuga-renewal cosmology; a single, future, historical consummation. |
| Servant (Christological title) | παῖς | থৌরোইশিং | thouroishing | Critical | Deity of Christ; Justification apart from the Law (Isaianic Servant background) | 3:13,26; 4:27,30 | Distinguish from the dāsya-bhāva “servant of Krishna” devotional posture in Vaishnava bhakti — Christ is God’s unique sent Servant, not a devotee modeling servanthood toward a deity. |
| Son of Man | ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | মীওইগী মচানুপা | miwoigi machanupa | Critical | Deity of Christ | 7:56 | Distinct Danielic title from “Son of God”; must not be confused with or collapsed into তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা. |
| Chosen Instrument / Vessel | σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς | খনবগী শান্দোক | khanbagi shandok | High | Conversion of Paul; Election | 9:15 | Extends the baseline election term into a specific apostolic-commissioning image. |
| Scales Fall (from eyes) | ἀπέπεσαν αἱ λεπίδες | মিত কায়দবা লৌথোকখি | mit kaidaba louthokkhi | Low-Medium | Conversion of Paul | 9:18 | Physical healing as sign of spiritual illumination; low collision risk. |
| Household (baptism/faith) | ὁ οἶκος | ইমুং পুম্নমক | imung pumnamak | Medium | Church as Community; Repentance and Baptism | 16:15,33; 18:8 | Note each member’s own faith-response within the family unit; avoid conflating with automatic yumnak lineage-status transfer. |
| Whole Counsel of God | πᾶσαν τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ | তেংবাং মপুগী ৱারোল পুম্নমক | Tengban Mapugi warol pumnamak | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | 20:27 | Faithful, complete proclamation as ministry model. |
| Purchased with His Own Blood | περιεποιήσατο διὰ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου | মহাক্কী মথমগী ঈদগী লৈফম্লবা | mahakki mathamgi idagi laifamlaba | Critical | Church as Community; Apostolic Authority (atonement background) | 20:28 | Christ’s unique, historical, once-for-all substitutionary sacrifice; distinguish explicitly from animal/ritual sacrifice (yajna/homa; traditional Sanamahi sacrificial rites). |
| Conscience | συνείδησις | মনগী মিত্তুবা | mangi mittuba | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness | 23:1; 24:16 | Inner moral self-judgment before God; grounds Paul’s integrity claims under trial. |
| Self-Control | ἐγκράτεια | থাদাংশিন খুম্নবা | thadangshin khumnaba | Low-Medium | Universal Human Accountability | 24:25 | Paired with righteousness and coming judgment in Paul’s address to Felix. |
| Coming Judgment | τὸ κρίμα τὸ μέλλον | লাকপা লান্থোকপা / মতম্না লাকপা ৱারেপ্পা | lakpa lanthokpa | High | Universal Human Accountability | 24:25 | Extends the eschatological-accountability doctrine already flagged High in the Romans baseline. |
| Satan’s Authority / Dominion | ἐξουσία τοῦ Σατανᾶ | শয়তানগী মপাংথোক | Satangi mapangthok | Critical | Conversion of Paul; Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | 26:18 | Biblical Satan is uniquely, comprehensively evil, opposed to God — must not be assimilated to the morally ambivalent spirit-categories of Sanamahi cosmology (spirits that may be propitiated or honored). Conversion is rescue from active hostile dominion, not renegotiation of ritual standing. |
| All Things Common | ἅπαντα κοινά | পোৎ পুম্নমক লোয়ননা লৈবা | pot pumnamak loinanna leiba | Medium | Church as Community | 2:44–45; 4:32 | Extend baseline fellowship (লোইনবা); voluntary, Spirit-produced sharing, distinct from clan (yumnak) communal obligation. |
| Deacon / Service Office | διάκονος / διακονία | থৌরোই / সেবক | thouroi / sebok | Medium | Church as Community; Apostolic Authority | 6:1–6 | Early formal service office, distinct from apostleship. |
| Great Light / Light for the Gentiles | φῶς ἐθνῶν | ফুরুপশিংগী মমী | phurupshinggi mami | High | The Great Commission Fulfilled (governing doctrine) | 13:47; 26:23 | Isaianic Servant-mission language applied to the apostolic mission to the nations. |
| Without Hindrance | ἀκωλύτως | কোনবা য়াওদনা | konaba yaodana | Medium-High (doctrinal weight despite lexical simplicity) | The Great Commission Fulfilled (closing seal) | 28:31 | Acts’ deliberately chosen final word: no opposition, from either live religious tradition, ultimately halts the gospel’s advance. |
Section C — Chapter Coverage Index
| Chapter | New/Load-Bearing Terms Introduced | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | baptism-in-Spirit contrast, witness, ascension, kingdom of God (reuse), casting lots | New terms present |
| 2 | Pentecost, tongues, repentance, baptism, forgiveness, witness, calling on the Lord’s name, added/incorporated, last days, promise of the Spirit | Core passage — full verse-by-verse treatment (Part 1) |
| 3 | Holy and Righteous One, Founder/Pioneer of life, times of refreshing/restoration, Prophet like Moses | New terms present |
| 4 | boldness, no other name, Servant (παῖς), all things common, great grace | New terms present |
| 5 | lying to the Holy Spirit, obey God rather than men | New terms present |
| 6 | deacon/service office, full of Spirit and wisdom | New terms present |
| 7 | Son of Man, intercessory forgiveness under martyrdom | New terms present |
| 8 | sorcery/magic, laying on of hands, baptism (Ethiopian eunuch) | New terms present |
| 9 | ”the Way,” chosen instrument, scales fall, resurrection-as-restoration (Tabitha) distinction | New terms present |
| 10 | unclean/clean, God-fearer, no partiality | New terms present |
| 11 | Christian (name coined), repentance-as-gift extended to Gentiles | New terms present |
| 12 | — | Explicitly reviewed: no new theological vocabulary; reuses intercession, providence, persecution/bold witness framework from chs. 1–8. |
| 13 | justification apart from the law (locus classicus), light for the Gentiles, sorcery (Elymas, reuse) | New terms present |
| 14 | living God vs. idols/vain things | New terms present |
| 15 | circumcision, yoke of the law, council decree, saved through grace (reuse, reinforced) | New terms present |
| 16 | what must I do to be saved (reuse, reinforced), household baptism, divination/python spirit | New terms present |
| 17 | unknown god, times of ignorance, “in him we live and move” (creaturely dependence, not pantheism) | New terms present |
| 18 | — | Explicitly reviewed: no new theological vocabulary beyond a minor extension of “the Way” (18:26); reuses baptism-distinction groundwork from ch.1 and civil-authority framework. |
| 19 | John’s baptism vs. baptism into the name of the Lord Jesus, magic scrolls burned, Artemis/temple-economy disruption | New terms present |
| 20 | whole counsel of God, elder/overseer/shepherd, purchased with his own blood | New terms present |
| 21 | Nazirite vow | New terms present (minor) |
| 22 | — | Explicitly reviewed: no new theological vocabulary; reuses Conversion of Paul, “the Way,” and civil-citizenship framework from chs. 9, 16. |
| 23 | resurrection of the dead (general, extended from Christ’s resurrection), conscience | New terms present |
| 24 | righteousness/self-control/coming judgment, “the Way” as a hostile-outsider “sect” label | New terms present |
| 25 | — | Explicitly reviewed: no new theological vocabulary; reuses Persecution and Bold Witness civil-legal framework from chs. 16, 21–24. |
| 26 | turning from darkness to light, Satan’s authority/dominion, forgiveness + sanctification + faith summary | New terms present |
| 27 | — | Explicitly reviewed: no new theological vocabulary; reuses providence and angel-of-God motifs from chs. 12, 20. |
| 28 | kingdom of God (reuse), “without hindrance” (closing thematic seal) | New terms present (minor) |
Phase 2 Handoff Note
All Critical and High risk entries in Section B must be routed to human theologian review, and all Medium entries to native-speaker review, before being written into a new, incremented version of translation_memory.json for this curriculum (per the versioning and enforcement procedure specified in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md). No Section B term may be treated as final until that review cycle is complete. Section A terms require no further review; they are enforced exactly as recorded in the Romans baseline package.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: মথৌ তাদনা পীবা তেংবাং
Transliteration: mathou tadana piba tengbang
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা (Vaishnava bhakti-responsive favor toward a devotee, avoid as the primary term), পুণ্য (merit accumulated through devotional service/seva, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 15:11 (‘we believe we are saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus’) is the Jerusalem Council’s climactic grace-statement resolving the law/grace controversy; must resist collapsing into কৃপা’s bhakti-responsive framework.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (avoid the broad Hindu-derived sense of cosmic/religious duty)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Acts, applies also to moral uprightness set against coming judgment (24:25). Never ধর্ম.
Justification
Approved rendering: অচুম্বা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: achumba oihanba
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ময়ামদা কোকপা (forgiveness alone, too narrow)
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιωθῆναι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 13:39 (‘justified from all that you could not be justified from by the law of Moses’) is the locus classicus for this doctrine in Acts and must render identically to the Romans package for full-curriculum consistency.
Salvation
Approved rendering: অহানবা
Transliteration: ahanba
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মোক্ষ (Vaishnava/Hindu liberation, never use), লাইনিং (union/absorption into a deity’s presence, never use)
Original: σωτηρία / σωθῆναι / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 4:12’s ‘no other name’ and 16:30-31 require this term to carry unqualified exclusivity; never মোক্ষ or devotional-union-with-Krishna framing.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: সিবদগী হিংজত-লকপা
Transliteration: sibadagi hingjat-lakpa
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Extended in Acts to the future general resurrection of all humanity (23:6,8; 24:15,21; 26:8,23). Chapters 9 (Tabitha) and 20 (Eutychus) require an explicit distinguishing note: a temporary restoration to mortal life is not the same category as Christ’s unique, immortal resurrection or the future general resurrection. Never পুনর্জন্ম.
Lord
Approved rendering: মপু ইবুংগো
Transliteration: Mapu Ibungo
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title, avoid as the primary term)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Confessed of Jesus repeatedly (2:21,34,36; 9:5,10,17; 10:36; 16:31; 22:8,10). Acts 2:34-35 quotes two distinct referents (God the Father and the Messiah) both rendered মপু ইবুংগো; a mandatory translator note distinguishing the two referents is required since Manipuri lacks an automatic grammatical marker for this distinction.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi machanupa
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: অবতার (avatar, an explicit downgrade, rejected)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Proclaimed by the newly-converted Saul (9:20) and by Paul in Antioch (13:33). Must be kept terminologically distinct from the newly-introduced ‘Son of Man’ title (7:56), a different Danielic title, so the two are never collapsed into one Christological category.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তো
Transliteration: Christo
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. The specific Jewish Old Testament figure fulfilled exclusively in Jesus, proclaimed throughout Acts (2:36; 3:18,20; 9:22; 13:33; 17:3; 18:5,28; 26:23); not one avatar among Vishnu’s recognized avatar sequence.
Jesus
Approved rendering: জিসু
Transliteration: Jisu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. The proper name of the risen, exalted Lord, central to Acts throughout.
God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঠাকুর (Krishna-devotional title, avoid as the primary term), সানামাহি (Sanamahi household deity, never use as the primary term for the biblical God)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Governs the entire book of Acts; deliberately preferred over both ঠাকুর and সানামাহি for the same reasons documented in the Romans baseline.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই অসেংবা
Transliteration: Thawai Asengba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: থাওয়াই alone (extends to ancestral/Umang Lai spirits in Sanamahi belief, never use without অসেংবা), শক্তি (a maibi’s oracular trance-power, never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs over 50 times in Acts (e.g. 1:5,8; 2:4,33,38; 4:8,31; 5:3,9,32; 8:15-19; 10:44-47; 15:8,28; 19:2,6; 20:23,28; 28:25). Must always be used in full; never bare থাওয়াই. This is the single highest-frequency Critical term in the whole curriculum given Acts’ Pentecost-centered narrative.
Father
Approved rendering: ইপা
Transliteration: Ipa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God as the source of the promised Spirit (1:4,7; 2:33).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: পীথোকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক
Transliteration: pithokpa achumba chatnabirak
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: ফংলকপা অচুম্বা চৎনবিরাক (righteousness earned/obtained by one’s own effort, the explicit rejected opposite)
Original: ἐλογίσθη… εἰς δικαιοσύνην (conceptual link, cf. 13:39)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptual background of Acts 13:39; must render identically to the Romans package.
Repentance
Approved rendering: পুকৌ হোংদোকপা
Transliteration: pukou hongdokpa
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Rejected alternatives: prāyaścitta-style ritual atonement acts (Vaishnava practice, never use as an equivalence), ritual purification undertaken before Lai Haraoba (never use as an equivalence)
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Salvation
NEW CRITICAL TERM for the Acts curriculum. A decisive inward reorientation of mind and heart away from sin toward the living God (2:38; 3:19; 11:18; 17:30; 20:21; 26:20). Must be distinguished from ritual atonement/purification acts that discharge an offense. Acts 11:18 specifies repentance itself is God’s gift, granted identically to Gentiles and Jews. Confirm with a Manipuri-speaking theologian before wide deployment.
Baptism
Approved rendering: বাপ্তিস্মা
Transliteration: baptisma / baptisma louba (verb)
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Rejected alternatives: snana-style ritual bathing terms (Vaishnava practice, never use), Sanamahi purification-washing terms before Lai Haraoba/temple entry (never use)
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Ordinances
NEW CRITICAL TERM. Transliterated deliberately as a ‘clean’ loanword to avoid false equivalence with existing repeatable ritual-bathing practices. A public, once-for-all identification with Christ’s death and resurrection (2:38,41; 8:36,38; 9:18; 10:47-48; 16:15,33; 19:3-5; 22:16). Acts 19:1-5 requires a mandatory sub-note distinguishing John’s repentance-only baptism from baptism into the name of the Lord Jesus accompanied by the Spirit.
Tongues
Approved rendering: লোন
Transliteration: lon / atoppa lon (other tongues)
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Rejected alternatives: any rendering implying unintelligible ecstatic/trance speech (never use)
Original: γλῶσσαι / γλῶσσα
Category: Pneumatology
NEW CRITICAL TERM. Confirmed by context (2:6,8,11, ‘each in his own language’) to be real, intelligible human languages given for gospel proclamation, not unintelligible ecstatic speech. Must never be equated with a maibi’s ecstatic, unintelligible trance-utterance during Lai Haraoba. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence (2:4,6,8,11; 10:46; 19:6).
Divination Spirit
Approved rendering: ফাত্তবা থাওয়াই
Transliteration: phattaba thawai
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Rejected alternatives: any framing that treats the spirit as a legitimate mediating spirit to be honored or negotiated with (never use)
Original: πνεῦμα πύθωνα / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW CRITICAL TERM — the single highest-salience collision risk in the entire curriculum. An oracular, possession-based spirit empowering fortune-telling, explicitly identified as demonic and cast out (16:16-18; cf. 5:16; 8:7; 19:12). Closely parallels the maibi’s trance-state oracular role within Lai Haraoba. Scripture’s own verdict is unambiguous condemnation and exorcism in Jesus’ name. Requires the most careful pastoral framing in the curriculum.
Unknown God
Approved rendering: খংদবা তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: khangdaba Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: any reading that affirms Sanamahi or an Umang Lai deity IS the true God under an unfamiliar name (never use)
Original: Ἀγνώστῳ Θεῷ
Category: God
NEW CRITICAL TERM requiring the most careful doctrinal framing in the curriculum. The inscription on an Athenian altar Paul uses as a rhetorical bridge (17:23). Deliberately built on the already-fixed তেংবাং মপু rather than transliterating the Greek inscription. Paul’s rhetorical move must never be read as affirming prior valid worship; his following words correct and replace the Athenians’ ignorance with specific revealed content. Mandatory explicit doctrine note required at every occurrence.
Founder Pioneer Of Life
Approved rendering: অহানবগী লম্বীলাকপা
Transliteration: ahanbagi lambilakpa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ and His Distinct Titles
Original: ἀρχηγός
Category: Christology
NEW CRITICAL CHRISTOLOGICAL TITLE. Christ as the originating source and leader of resurrection life (3:15; 5:31). Distinct from any human founder or teacher figure.
Holy And Righteous One
Approved rendering: অসেংবা অমসুং অচুম্বা মহাক
Transliteration: asengba amasung achumba mahak
Doctrine: Deity of Christ and His Distinct Titles
Original: ὁ ἅγιος καὶ ὁ δίκαιος
Category: Christology
NEW CRITICAL compound Christological title (3:14), built from two already-fixed baseline terms (অসেংবা, holy; অচুম্বা, righteous).
Servant Christological
Approved rendering: থৌরোইশিং
Transliteration: thouroishing
Doctrine: Deity of Christ and His Distinct Titles
Rejected alternatives: any inversion suggesting Christ occupies the dāsya-bhāva ‘servant of Krishna’ devotional posture (never use)
Original: παῖς
Category: Christology
NEW CRITICAL CHRISTOLOGICAL TERM. The Isaianic Servant title applied to Christ (3:13,26; 4:27,30). Must be distinguished from the dāsya-bhāva devotional posture cultivated by a Vaishnava bhakta calling themselves Krishna’s dāsa; here the relationship is reversed — Christ is God’s own unique Servant sent for us.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: মীওইগী মচানুপা
Transliteration: miwoigi machanupa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ and His Distinct Titles
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW CRITICAL CHRISTOLOGICAL TERM, distinct from তেংবাং মপুগী মচানুপা (Son of God). The Danielic eschatological-judge title, seen by Stephen in his dying vision (7:56). Must not be confused with, or collapsed into, ‘Son of God’; both titles must be kept terminologically distinct in translator notes.
Purchased With His Own Blood
Approved rendering: মহাক্কী মথমগী ঈদগী লৈফম্লবা
Transliteration: mahakki mathamgi idagi laifamlaba
Doctrine: Atonement of Christ
Rejected alternatives: any equivalence with animal/ritual sacrifice such as yajna/homa offerings or traditional Sanamahi sacrificial rites (never use)
Original: περιεποιήσατο διὰ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου
Category: Salvation
NEW CRITICAL TERM connecting to the atonement/propitiation doctrine flagged Critical in the Romans baseline (3:25). Christ’s substitutionary, sacrificial death as the price of the church’s existence (20:28). Must be taught as unique, historical, once-for-all, explicitly distinguished from any animal or ritual sacrifice.
Satans Authority
Approved rendering: শয়তানগী মপাংথোক
Transliteration: Satangi mapangthok
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Rejected alternatives: any framing that assimilates Satan to a morally ambivalent, propitiable spirit-category (never use)
Original: ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ Σατανᾶ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW CRITICAL TERM. Satan’s dominion over the unconverted, from which conversion decisively rescues (26:18). Biblical Satan is uniquely and comprehensively evil, categorically opposed to God; must not be assimilated to the more morally ambivalent spirit-categories within Sanamahi cosmology, where certain spirits may be propitiated or honored.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: নুংঙাইবগী পাউ
Transliteration: nungngaibagi pao
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. নুংঙাইবগী পাউ (‘joyful/good news’) is a plain descriptive rendering, distinguished from festival announcements in the Vaishnava festival calendar. In Acts (8:25,35,40; 10:36; 13:32; 14:7,21; 15:7; 16:10; 20:24) it must remain the unique, authoritative announcement of salvation through the crucified and risen Christ.
Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবা
Transliteration: thajaba
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তি (bhakti, too specific to the Vaishnava devotional framework)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith always named as Jesus/the Lord (3:16; 16:31; 20:21; 26:18); never ভক্তি.
Called
Approved rendering: কৌখিবা
Transliteration: koukhiba
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός / ἐπικαλέσηται
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Acts 2:21, ‘calling on the name of the Lord’ must be rendered as personal trust-laden invocation, not as repeated name-invocation for devotional merit (nāma-japa) nor as petitioning an Umang Lai or ancestral spirit through a maibi.
Calling
Approved rendering: কৌবগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: koubagi thoudang
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Applies to God’s sovereign selection of Paul and Barnabas (13:2) as well as ordinary believers.
Holy
Approved rendering: অসেংবা
Transliteration: asengba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শেংবা (physically clean, ritual-purity sense only)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied both to believers and, distinctively, to Christ himself (3:14, ‘the Holy and Righteous One’). শেংবা must be reserved strictly for ritual/ceremonial cleanliness (e.g. temple purification, 21:24,26).
Saints
Approved rendering: অসেংবা মীওই
Transliteration: asengba miwoi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: গোসাঞি/বৈষ্ণব (a Vaishnava renunciant devotee title, never use)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Corporate designation for all believers (9:13,32,41; 26:10); never a specialist ritual role paralleling the maiba/maibi office.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: অসেংবা ওইহনবা
Transliteration: asengba oihanba
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἡγιασμένοι
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Appears as part of Paul’s gospel-content summary (20:32; 26:18); distinct from ritual purification before Lai Haraoba or Vaishnava temple worship.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Forgiven through repentance and faith (2:38; 3:19; 26:18); distinguish from ritual offenses addressed through Lai Haraoba purification or Vaishnava prayaschitta.
Glory
Approved rendering: মতিক চাউবা
Transliteration: matik chauba
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Seen by Stephen (7:55) and invoked in Herod’s judgment (12:23); avoid metaphors conflating with the ceremonial visual splendor of Ras Lila staging.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: থাজবগী ইনবা
Transliteration: thajabagi inba
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ভক্তিগী সেবা (devotional service performed to build bhakti standing, a works-based misreading)
Original: πειθαρχεῖν
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, extended into Acts’ persecution context. Acts 5:29 (‘we must obey God rather than men’) is a principled, Spirit-produced allegiance to God under threat, not সেবা (ritual devotional service performed to build bhakti standing).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী পাংথোক-থেংনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi pangthok-thengnaba
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (associated with a maibi’s Lai Haraoba trance-power, avoid as the primary term)
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God’s power at work in the apostles’ ministry and miracles (1:8; 4:7,33; 6:8; 10:38). Never শক্তি.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ফোংদোকপা ৱারোল
Transliteration: phongdokpa warol
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (baseline risk Low), elevated to High in Acts 2:17-18 because Peter’s Joel quotation democratizes prophecy across ‘sons and daughters,’ ‘young and old,’ and ‘servants and handmaidens’ — must not be restricted to a ritual-specialist class as the maiba/maibi office is restricted within Sanamahi practice.
Covenant
Approved rendering: ৱারেপ্পা
Transliteration: wareppa
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced in Stephen’s speech (7:8) and Peter’s sermon (3:25) regarding Abraham’s covenant; no crystallized single covenant-theology term is attested in currently available Manipuri Christian literature.
Election
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi khanba
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (fate/destiny, never use)
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλέγομαι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, extended in Acts specifically to apostolic commissioning (1:24; 9:15; 13:17; 15:7,22,25); must be distinguished from ৱাইফম and from the royal-divine selection historically claimed by Meitei kingship (Pakhangba descent).
Providence
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী থৌরাং
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi thourang
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ৱাইফম (fate, never use)
Original: πρόνοια (contextual; cf. 17:26 boundaries of nations, 27:22-25 storm deliverance)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Visible across Acts’ entire narrative arc — Peter’s deliverance (ch.12), Paul’s guidance (16:6-10; 18:9-10; 23:11), and the shipwreck (ch.27). Never ৱাইফম; the narrative’s repeated ‘coincidences’ must be read as personal governance.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: দাউদগী চা-চাহি
Transliteration: Daudgi cha-chahi
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Cited in apostolic preaching (2:30; 13:23); requires explicit Old Testament covenant background teaching.
Witness
Approved rendering: সাক্ষী
Transliteration: sakshi / sakshi piba
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: μάρτυς / μαρτυρέω / διαμαρτύρομαι
Category: Church
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. Deliberate, rational, historical eyewitness testimony to the resurrection (1:8; 2:32,40; 3:15; 4:33; 5:32; 10:39; 13:31; 22:15,20; 26:16), the same root from which the later Christian sense of ‘martyr’ develops (cf. Stephen, ch.7). Must be sharply distinguished from a maibi’s mediated, trance-state oracular disclosure of the Umang Lai’s presence during Lai Haraoba. Mandatory translator note at every recurrence.
The Way
Approved rendering: লম্বী
Transliteration: lambi
Doctrine: Church as Community
Rejected alternatives: generic use as ‘a path to God’ (never use outside the fixed proper-noun sense)
Original: ἡ ὁδός
Category: Church
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. Self-designation for the early Christian movement before ‘Christian’ was coined (9:2; 18:26; 19:9,23; 22:4; 24:14,22). Must not be rendered so as to align with the ‘path/mārga’ concept central to Indic soteriology generally, and specifically with the recognized bhakti-mārga within Manipuri Vaishnavism. Names this one specific historical movement centered on the risen Christ, not one path among several. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence.
Signs And Wonders
Approved rendering: মমল অমসুং খুদমশিং
Transliteration: mamal amasung khudamshing
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (associated with a maibi’s Lai Haraoba trance-power, never use)
Original: δυνάμεις καὶ τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα
Category: Apostleship
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. God’s miraculous authentication of the apostolic message and messenger (2:22,43; 4:30; 5:12; 6:8; 8:13; 14:3; 15:12). Must be distinguished from a maiba/maibi’s ritual displays of power and from condemned sorcery; biblical signs authenticate God’s sent messenger, they are not personally-wielded occult ability.
Sorcery
Approved rendering: লৌহৌবগী থবক
Transliteration: louhoubagi thabak
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: μαγεία / γοητεία
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. Occult ritual power exercised for personal prestige or profit, explicitly condemned in the narrative (Simon Magus, 8:9-11; Elymas, 13:6-11; burned magic scrolls at Ephesus, 19:13-19). Must be clearly condemned and distinguished both from Spirit-given gifts and from a maiba/maibi’s recognized traditional practices; the text itself treats such practice as illegitimate.
Unclean Clean
Approved rendering: শেংদবা
Transliteration: shengdaba
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: κοινός / ἀκάθαρτος vs. καθαρός
Category: Covenant
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. Ceremonial food/purity categories under the Mosaic law, declared abolished by God for Gentile inclusion (10:14-15,28; 11:8-9). Kept distinct from the baseline-reserved শেংবা (ritual cleanliness) and অসেংবা (moral holiness); must not be absorbed into existing regional purity categories (Lai Haraoba/temple ritual purity, caste-inflected food purity).
No Partiality
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুনা মমাই য়েংনা ৱারৌবা তৌদে
Transliteration: Tengban Mapuna mamai yengna warouba taude
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολήπτης ὁ Θεός
Category: Church
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. God’s impartiality regarding ethnic and social status, grounding full Gentile inclusion (10:34-35). Teach as theological principle, not as direct social-political commentary on Manipur’s present inter-community relations.
Times Of Ignorance
Approved rendering: খংদবা মতমশিং
Transliteration: khangdaba matamshing
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: χρόνοι τῆς ἀγνοίας
Category: Mission
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. The period before full gospel revelation, patiently overlooked by God (17:30). Must be taught with pastoral sensitivity as a theological category, not a demeaning judgment on Sanamahi or Vaishnava religious history.
Living God Vs Idols
Approved rendering: হিংবা তেংবাং মপু
Transliteration: hingba Tengban Mapu
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: θεὸς ζῶν / μάταια
Category: God
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. The one living God contrasted with worthless idols (অকানবা পোৎশিং), invoked when Paul and Barnabas refuse worship offered to them as gods (14:15). Directly relevant to engaging both the Umang Lai pantheon and Vaishnava avatar-worship; teach respectfully but without softening the exclusive-worship claim.
Times Of Refreshing Restoration
Approved rendering: হানবগী মতম
Transliteration: hanbagi matam
Doctrine: The Great Commission Fulfilled
Original: καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως / ἀποκατάστασις
Category: Eschatology
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM. Future eschatological renewal at Christ’s return (3:19-21). Must not be assimilated to cyclical yuga-renewal cosmology familiar from Puranic/Vaishnava cosmology; a single, future, historical event.
Chosen Instrument
Approved rendering: খনবগী শান্দোক
Transliteration: khanbagi shandok
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς
Category: Salvation
NEW compound extending the baseline election term (তেংবাং মপুগী খনবা). God’s sovereign selection of Paul as a chosen vessel for a specific mission (9:15).
Coming Judgment
Approved rendering: লাকপা লান্থোকপা
Transliteration: lakpa lanthokpa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Final Judgment
Original: τὸ κρίμα τὸ μέλλον
Category: Eschatology
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM extending the eschatological-accountability doctrine already flagged High in the Romans baseline. The future judicial verdict of God upon all humanity, preached by Paul before Felix (24:25).
Light For Gentiles
Approved rendering: ফুরুপশিংগী মমী
Transliteration: phurupshinggi mami
Doctrine: The Great Commission Fulfilled
Original: φῶς ἐθνῶν
Category: Mission
NEW HIGH-RISK TERM, building on baseline glory (মতিক চাউবা) and gentiles (অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ). Isaianic Servant-mission language applied to the apostolic mission to the nations (13:47; 26:23).
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: তবিদগী থাবিরকপা
Transliteration: tabidagi thabirakpa
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Must be distinguished from a generic religious-specialist role paralleling a maiba or maibi’s recognized ritual office (1:2,25-26; 15:2,4,6,22-23).
Church
Approved rendering: কলিসিয়া
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (Vaishnava temple, never use), উমাং লাই থাবা (Umang Lai sacred grove, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Refers to the gathered, growing assembly of believers, the narrative spine of Acts (2:47; 5:11; 8:1,3; 9:31; 11:22,26; 12:1,5; 13:1; 14:23,27; 15:3-4,22,41; 16:5; 20:17,28).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী লৈপাক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi leipak
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. God’s sovereign reign, the subject of the risen Christ’s teaching (1:3) and the book’s closing summary of Paul’s ministry (28:23,31); distinguish from the historic Meitei kingship’s Pakhangba-descent royal-divine-lineage political framing.
Law
Approved rendering: য়াথাং
Transliteration: yathang
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (avoid the Vaishnava religious-duty association)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. The Mosaic Law/Torah, whose relationship to salvation is the Jerusalem Council’s central question (ch.15) and Acts 13:39’s central claim. Never ধর্ম.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: অতোপ্পা ফুরুপ
Transliteration: atoppa phurup
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. The central object of the gospel’s expanding reach across Acts; use with awareness that ফুরুপ (clan/community) carries real weight in Meitei social organization.
Intercession
Approved rendering: মখোয়গী মফমদা হায়জবা
Transliteration: makhoigi mafamda haijaba
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: προσευχή / ἔντευξις (contextual)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Seen in the church’s prayer for Peter’s release (12:5,12) and Stephen’s dying prayer for his killers (7:60); distinguish from petitions traditionally carried to the Umang Lai through a maibi or maiba.
Mission
Approved rendering: পাউ সন্দোকপগী থৌদাং
Transliteration: pao sandokpagi thoudang
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω / ἀφορίζω
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Formally inaugurated at Antioch (13:2-4) and structurally governing the whole book (1:8); frame as the church’s own Spirit-initiated calling, not a foreign or ethnically-coded project.
David
Approved rendering: দাউদ
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Cited repeatedly in apostolic preaching (2:25,29,34; 4:25; 13:22,34,36).
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. The covenant people, addressed directly in apostolic preaching across Acts.
Peace
Approved rendering: ইনগবা
Transliteration: ingba
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Characterizes the growing church (9:31) and the apostolic gospel content (10:36).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: থাওয়াইগী খুদোল
Transliteration: thawaigi khudol
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি (a maibi’s ritual/oracular power during Lai Haraoba trance, avoid as a substitute)
Original: χαρίσματα (contextual; cf. δωρεά, χάρισμα)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Includes the tongues-gift itself (2:4) and gifts exercised by the Seven (6:3,5,8) and in Ephesus (19:6); kept distinct from the newly-introduced condemned sorcery/divination-spirit terms.
Pentecost
Approved rendering: পেন্তেকোস্ত
Transliteration: Pentekosta
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: Πεντηκοστή
Category: Pneumatology
NEW TERM. Transliteration of the Jewish Feast of Weeks/Shavuot (2:1; 20:16). Must not be assimilated into the general category of ‘festival day’ shared with the Vaishnava festival calendar (Ras Lila, Krishna Janmashtami) or the Lai Haraoba festival calendar; pair with a one-clause explanatory gloss on first occurrence per lesson unit.
Christian
Approved rendering: ক্রিস্তান
Transliteration: Christan
Doctrine: Church as Community
Original: Χριστιανός
Category: Church
NEW TERM. The name first given to disciples at Antioch (11:26; 26:28); transliterate following ক্রিস্তো. Low collision risk, but requires consistent use as a new proper designation.
Boldness
Approved rendering: ঠাঠোন্না ঙাংবা
Transliteration: thathonna ngangba
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: παρρησία
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Fearless, open confidence of speech proclaiming Christ despite opposition (4:13,29,31; 9:27-28; 13:46; 14:3; 18:26; 19:8; 28:31). No strong cultural collision; requires consistent rendering across many occurrences.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: খুৎ থাম্বা
Transliteration: khut thamba
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. A physical gesture accompanying Spirit-impartation, commissioning, or blessing (6:6; 8:17-19; 9:17; 13:3; 19:6; 28:8). Distinguish from a maiba’s ritual touch-healing gesture; tied to apostolic authority, not an independent healing technique.
God Fearer
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুবু কিবা মীওই
Transliteration: Tengban Mapubu kiba miwoi
Doctrine: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: σεβόμενος / φοβούμενος τὸν Θεόν
Category: Church
NEW TERM. A technical term for a Gentile sympathizer attracted to Jewish monotheism prior to full conversion (Cornelius, 10:2,22; also 13:16,26; 16:14; 17:4,17; 18:7); a bridge concept, not a doctrinal category needed elsewhere.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: চোকথোকপগী চত্থোক
Transliteration: chokthokpagi chatthok
Doctrine: Justification apart from the Law
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. The Mosaic covenant sign, whose necessity for Gentile believers is the central controversy resolved at the Jerusalem Council (15:1,5; 16:3; 21:21). Confirm with theologian; doctrinal weight rests primarily on the surrounding fixed grace/law/justification vocabulary.
Yoke Of Law
Approved rendering: য়াথাংগী পোৎ
Transliteration: yathanggi pot
Doctrine: Justification apart from the Law
Original: ζυγός
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Metaphor for the burden of Mosaic law-keeping, rejected by the Jerusalem Council as a salvation-requirement for Gentiles (15:10).
Council Decree
Approved rendering: ৱারেপ্পা লৌখিবা
Transliteration: wareppa loukhiba
Doctrine: Church as Community
Original: δόγμα
Category: Church
NEW TERM. An official, binding communal decision of the apostles and elders (15:20,28-29; 16:4); models corporate, Spirit-guided apostolic decision-making.
Elder Overseer Shepherd
Approved rendering: অহল / চেক্শিনবা / য়াওল
Transliteration: ahal / chekshinaba / yaol
Doctrine: Church Governance and Leadership
Original: πρεσβύτερος / ἐπίσκοπος / ποιμήν
Category: Church
NEW TERMS. Overlapping terms for local church leadership office (11:30; 14:23; 15:2,4,6,22-23; 16:4; 20:17,28; 21:18). Fixed now as durable local-church governance vocabulary distinct from apostleship; avoid caste-hierarchical inflection.
Household
Approved rendering: ইমুং পুম্নমক
Transliteration: imung pumnamak
Doctrine: Household Faith and Family Conversion
Original: ὁ οἶκος
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Corporate/family reception of the gospel and baptism (16:15,33; 18:8). Note that household baptism describes each individual member’s own faith-response within a family unit, not an automatic clan (yumnak) lineage-status transfer.
Whole Counsel Of God
Approved rendering: তেংবাং মপুগী ৱারোল পুম্নমক
Transliteration: Tengban Mapugi warol pumnamak
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: πᾶσα ἡ βουλὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. The entirety of God’s revealed plan and message, withheld nothing by Paul (20:27); models faithful, complete apostolic proclamation.
Conscience
Approved rendering: মনগী মিত্তুবা
Transliteration: mangi mittuba
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Ethics
NEW TERM. Inner moral awareness and self-judgment before God, appealed to by Paul under trial (23:1; 24:16); grounds Paul’s integrity claims under persecution.
All Things Common
Approved rendering: পোৎ পুম্নমক লোয়ননা লৈবা
Transliteration: pot pumnamak loinanna leiba
Doctrine: Church as Community
Original: ἅπαντα κοινά
Category: Church
NEW TERM extending the baseline fellowship term (লোইনবা). The voluntary economic sharing practiced within the earliest Jerusalem church (2:44-45; 4:32), distinct from clan (yumnak) communal obligation.
Deacon
Approved rendering: থৌরোই
Transliteration: thouroi
Doctrine: Church Governance and Leadership
Original: διάκονος / διακονία
Category: Church
NEW TERM. An appointed office of practical service within the church, instituted for the Seven (6:1-6); an early formal service office, distinct from apostleship.
Without Hindrance
Approved rendering: কোনবা য়াওদনা
Transliteration: konaba yaodana
Doctrine: The Great Commission Fulfilled
Original: ἀκωλύτως
Category: Mission
NEW TERM, doctrinally significant despite lexical brevity. The final word of Acts (28:31), describing the unstoppable advance of the gospel despite imprisonment, persecution, and shipwreck. Should be highlighted in teaching materials as the book’s deliberate closing thematic seal.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: তোঙান তোঙানবা ফোংদোকপা
Transliteration: tongan tonganba phongdokpa
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: মৈবা (traditional Sanamahi ritual specialist/healer, never use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Moses’ successor-prophecy fulfilled in Christ (3:22-23) and to named church prophets (Agabus, 21:9-10); never মৈবা/মৈবী.
Exhort
Approved rendering: থাওয়াই পীবা
Transliteration: thawai piba
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Used across Peter’s Pentecost appeal (2:40), Barnabas’s ministry (11:23), and Paul’s farewell (20:1-2); context-sensitive between encouragement and entreaty.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: থাগৎচরি
Transliteration: thagatchari
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. E.g. Paul giving thanks aboard the storm-tossed ship (27:35).
Fellowship
Approved rendering: লোইনবা
Transliteration: loinaba
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Exemplified in the earliest Jerusalem church (2:42,44); extended in Acts by the ‘all things common’ practice.
Imputed Righteousness Note
Approved rendering: N/A
Transliteration: N/A
Doctrine: Administrative
Placeholder removed; see imputed_righteousness entry above. Retained key omitted from final schema.
Nazirite Vow
Approved rendering: ৱাশাক্না লৌবগী থৌরাং
Transliteration: wasakna loubagi thourang
Doctrine: Vows and Jewish Custom under Grace
Original: εὐχή
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. A voluntary religious vow under the Mosaic law, kept by Paul without implying it is required for salvation (18:18; 21:23-24). Illustrates permitted cultural/covenantal custom-keeping, not a doctrinal necessity.
Sanhedrin
Approved rendering: সানহেড্রিন
Transliteration: Sanhedrin
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: συνέδριον
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Proper noun; transliterated. The Jewish ruling council before which the apostles and Paul repeatedly appear (4:15; 5:21,27,34,41; 6:12,15; 22:30; 23:1,6,15,20,28; 24:20).
Scales Fall From Eyes
Approved rendering: মিত কায়দবা লৌথোকখি
Transliteration: mit kaidaba louthokkhi
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: ἀπέπεσαν αἱ λεπίδες
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. The scales falling from Saul’s eyes, a physical sign of spiritual illumination at his conversion (9:18); low collision risk.
Self Control
Approved rendering: থাদাংশিন খুম্নবা
Transliteration: thadangshin khumnaba
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Final Judgment
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Ethics
NEW TERM. Self-mastery, paired with righteousness and coming judgment in Paul’s address to Felix (24:25); low collision risk.
Referenced passages