Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — 1 Peter (English–Bengali)
This glossary extends the baseline Romans translation_memory.json for the 1 Peter curriculum. Terms marked [BASELINE] are reused exactly from the Romans Language Package and must not be altered. Terms marked [NEW] are introduced by this curriculum and must be added to translation_memory.json (with version increment) before Phase 2 translation begins, per the AI Translation Requirements (12_ai_translation_requirements.md) load protocol.
A. Baseline Terms Reused (no changes — cited for full-book traceability)
| Term (EN) | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Key 1 Peter Passages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ঈশ্বর | Ishshor | Critical | God | 1:2,3,5,21; 2:4,10; 3:18,21; 4:2,10-11; 5:2,5,10 |
| Jesus | যীশু | Jishu | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:1,3,7; 3:21; 4:11 |
| Lord | প্রভু | Provu | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:3; 2:3,13; 3:15 |
| Holy Spirit | পবিত্র আত্মা | Pobitro Attha | Critical | Sanctification | 1:2,12; 4:14 |
| Father | পিতা | Pita | Critical | Adoption/God’s Family | 1:2,3,17 |
| Holy | পবিত্র | Pobitro | High | Sanctification | 1:15-16; 2:5,9; 3:5 |
| Sanctification | পবিত্রীকরণ | Pobitrikoron | High | Sanctification | 1:2 |
| Faith | বিশ্বাস | Bishwas | High | Faith | 1:5,7,9,21; 5:9 |
| Grace | অনুগ্রহ | Anugroho | High | Grace | 1:2,10,13; 3:7; 4:10; 5:5,10,12 |
| Salvation | পরিত্রাণ | Poritran | Critical | Salvation | 1:5,9,10; 2:2 |
| Resurrection | পুনরুত্থান | Punorutthan | Critical | Resurrection of Christ | 1:3; 3:21 |
| Righteousness | ধার্মিকতা | Dharmikota | Critical | Salvation / Suffering for Righteousness | 2:24; 3:14; 4:18 |
| Glory | মহিমা | Mohima | High | Deity of Christ | 1:7,8,11,21,24; 4:11,13-14; 5:1,4,10 |
| Election (root) | ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন | Ishshorer monownoyon | High | Effectual Calling | 1:1 (মনোনীত root) |
| Apostle | প্রেরিত | Prerito | Medium | Apostleship | 1:1 |
| Prophet | ভাববাদী | Bhabbadi | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 1:10 |
| Sin | পাপ | Pap | High | Universal Accountability | 2:22,24; 3:18; 4:1 |
| Covenant (background) | নিয়ম | Niyom | High | Covenant | 1:2 (blood-sprinkling background) |
| Peace | শান্তি | Shanti | Medium | Peace with God | 1:2; 3:11; 5:14 |
| Fellowship (root) | সহভাগিতা | Shohobhagita | Low | Christian Fellowship | 4:13 (সহভাগী root) |
| Spiritual Gifts | আত্মিক বর | Attik bor | Medium | Spiritual Gifts | 4:10 |
| Power of God | ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য | Ishshorer shamorthyo | High | Power of God | 1:5 |
| Church (conceptual) | মণ্ডলী | Mondoli | Medium | Church as God’s People | (used for corporate church references outside direct quotations) |
| Obedience of Faith (root) | বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা | Bishwasher baddhota | High | Obedience of Faith | 1:2,14,22 (বাধ্যতা root) |
B. New Terms Introduced by 1 Peter
| Term (EN) | Original Greek | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Notes / Primary Passages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born again / new birth | ἀναγεννάω | নতুন জন্ম | notun jonmo | Critical | Living Hope of the Resurrection | পুনর্জন্ম | NEVER পুনর্জন্ম (reincarnation within samsara). Highest-frequency collision risk in the book. 1:3, 1:23. |
| Living hope | ζῶσα ἐλπίς | জীবন্ত প্রত্যাশা | jibonto prottyasha | High | Living Hope of the Resurrection | plain আশা (loses “living” force) | 1:3, 1:21, 3:15. |
| Inheritance | κληρονομία | উত্তরাধিকার | uttorodhikar | Medium | Living Hope of the Resurrection | — | 1:4; paired with 3:7’s joint-heirship. |
| Imperishable | ἄφθαρτος | অক্ষয় | okkhoy | High | Living Hope of the Resurrection | — | Established Bengali Bible term but carries live Hindu devotional associations (Akshaya Tritiya); retain with contextual framing. 1:4, 1:23, 3:4. |
| Foreknowledge (of God) | πρόγνωσις | ঈশ্বরের পূর্বজ্ঞান | Ishshorer purbojnan | High | Effectual Calling / Providence | ভাগ্যগণনা, নিয়তি | Must not suggest fate or astrology. 1:2, 1:20. |
| Guarded (by God’s power) | φρουρέω | রক্ষিত / প্রহরাধীন | rokkhito / proharadhin | Medium | Living Hope of the Resurrection | — | Military garrison image; distinct from general “kept.” 1:5. |
| Tested genuineness (of faith) | δοκίμιον | পরীক্ষিত সত্যতা | parikshito sottota | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | সরল পরীক্ষা (loses assay-refining sense) | Metallurgical assay metaphor. 1:7. |
| Various trials | πειρασμός (ποικίλοις) | বিভিন্ন পরীক্ষা | bibhinno pariksha | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | Ambiguous with “exam/temptation” in everyday Bengali; requires context note. 1:6, 4:12. |
| Fiery trial | πύρωσις | কঠিন/আগুনের মতো পরীক্ষা | kothin/agun-er moto pariksha | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | অগ্নিপরীক্ষা (fixed compound) | AVOID অগ্নিপরীক্ষা: overwhelmingly associated with Sita’s Rāmāyaṇa fire ordeal (chastity-proof narrative), a specific Hindu cultural collision distinct from Peter’s persecution-refining sense. 4:12. |
| Revelation of Jesus Christ | ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ | যীশু খ্রীষ্টের প্রকাশ | Jishu Khrishtor prokash | High | Living Hope of the Resurrection | অবতার-প্রকাশ | Must not read as a repeatable avatar-appearance or as the Islamic “return of Isa as prophet” framework. 1:7, 1:13, 4:13. |
| Love (agapē, for Christ/others) | ἀγαπάω | ভালোবাসা | bhalobasha | Medium | Living Hope of the Resurrection / Christian Fellowship | প্রেম (as primary term) | প্রেম carries strong Vaishnava bhakti-devotional resonance (Radha-Krishna prema); ভালোবাসা preferred as the sober relational term. 1:8, 1:22, 4:8. |
| Ransomed / redeemed | λυτρόω | মূল্য দিয়ে উদ্ধার করা | mullyo diye uddhar kora | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | মুক্ত করা / মুক্তি | Avoids মুক্তি’s moksha/rebirth-liberation association (per baseline salvation rejection) while preserving the ransom-price sense. 1:18. |
| Precious blood | τίμιον αἷμα | বহুমূল্য রক্ত | bohumullyo rokto | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | — | 1:19. |
| Lamb without blemish or spot | ἀμνὸς ἄμωμος καὶ ἄσπιλος | নিষ্কলঙ্ক ও নির্দোষ মেষশিশু | nishkolongko o nirdosh mesh-shishu | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | — | Requires OT sacrificial-system background note. 1:19. |
| Living stone | λίθος ζῶν | জীবন্ত পাথর | jibonto pathor | Medium | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | 2:4. |
| Spiritual house | οἶκος πνευματικός | আত্মিক গৃহ | attik grihо | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | 2:5. |
| Holy priesthood | ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον | পবিত্র যাজকবর্গ | pobitro yajokborgo | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | পুরোহিত-based renderings | যাজক required; NEVER পুরোহিত (Hindu Brahmin ritual-priest term) — would undermine priesthood-of-all-believers doctrine by implying a separate mediating caste. 2:5. |
| Spiritual sacrifices | πνευματικὴ θυσία | আত্মিক বলিদান | attik bolidan | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | Distinguish from Hindu puja/naibedya ritual-offering practice. 2:5. |
| Cornerstone | λίθος ἀκρογωνιαῖος | কোণের প্রধান পাথর | koner prodhan pathor | Medium | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | 2:6-7. |
| Chosen race/people | γένος ἐκλεκτόν | মনোনীত জাতি | monownit jati | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | Must not be misread through caste (jaat) or Hindu/Muslim communal-identity categories. 2:9. |
| Royal priesthood | βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα | রাজকীয় যাজকবর্গ | rajokio yajokborgo | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | রাজকীয় পুরোহিতবর্গ | Doctrine-anchor term; যাজক required, not পুরোহিত. 2:9. |
| Holy nation | ἔθνος ἅγιον | পবিত্র জাতি | pobitro jati | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | Lexical overlap with baseline’s পরজাতি (gentiles) root; must clearly denote the church itself. 2:9. |
| God’s own people/possession | λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν | ঈশ্বরের নিজস্ব প্রজা | Ishshorer nijoshsho proja | High | Church as Holy/Royal Priesthood | — | 2:9-10. |
| Sojourners and exiles | πάροικοι καὶ παρεπίδημοι | প্রবাসী ও পরদেশী | probashi o porodeshi | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | বিদেশী alone | Distinct sense from “gentiles” (an ethnic category); this is displaced/temporary-resident status. 1:1, 2:11. |
| Submission / be subject | ὑποτάσσω | অধীন হওয়া / বশীভূত হওয়া | odhin howa / bashibhuto howa | High | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | — | Must be framed as voluntary, gospel-motivated, “for the Lord’s sake,” not endorsement of unjust hierarchy or abuse. 2:13,18; 3:1,5; 5:5. |
| Suffering unjustly | πάσχω ἀδίκως | অন্যায়ভাবে দুঃখভোগ | onnayvabe dukkhobhog | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | 2:19. |
| Christ suffered for you (substitution) | Χριστὸς ἔπαθεν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν | খ্রীষ্ট তোমাদের জন্য দুঃখভোগ করলেন | Khristo tomader jonno dukkhobhog korlen | Critical | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | example-only renderings | ὑπέρ must retain substitutionary force; never “example only.” 2:21, 3:18. |
| He bore our sins in his body | αὐτὸς ἀνήνεγκεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν ἐν τῷ σώματι | তিনি নিজে আমাদের পাপ আপন দেহে বহন করলেন | tini nije amader pap apon dehe bohon korlen | Critical | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | ”suffered alongside us” | Direct vicarious-atonement statement (Isaiah 53 echo). 2:24. |
| By his wounds healed | τῷ μώλωπι ἰάθητε | তাঁর ক্ষতস্থানে সুস্থ হয়েছ | tar khotosthane sustho hoyecho | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | prosperity-healing renderings | Refers principally to spiritual healing (from sin), not primarily physical healing. 2:24. |
| Shepherd and overseer of souls | ποιμὴν καὶ ἐπίσκοπος τῶν ψυχῶν | প্রাণের মেষপালক ও অধ্যক্ষ | praner meshpalok o odhyokkho | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering / Elders | — | 2:25. |
| Gentle and quiet spirit | πραῢ καὶ ἡσύχιον πνεῦμα | শান্ত ও নম্র আত্মা | shanto o nomro attha | High | Submission to Authority | — | Describes inner character (v.4 “hidden person of the heart”), not enforced silence; culturally sensitive given existing gender-hierarchy norms. 3:4. |
| Weaker vessel | ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος | দুর্বলতর পাত্র | durbolotoro patro | High | Submission to Authority | — | Grounds greater honor (not lesser worth); requires translator note. 3:7. |
| Joint heirs of the grace of life | συγκληρονόμοι χάριτος ζωῆς | জীবনের অনুগ্রহের সহউত্তরাধিকারী | jiboner anugroher shoho-uttorodhikari | High | Submission to Authority | — | Corrects unequal-standing misreadings of 3:1-6. 3:7. |
| Suffer for righteousness’ sake | πάσχω διὰ δικαιοσύνην | ধার্মিকতার জন্য দুঃখভোগ করা | dharmikotar jonno dukkhobhog kora | Critical | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | ধর্মের জন্য দুঃখভোগ | Doctrine-anchor namesake phrase; ধার্মিকতা per baseline, never ধর্ম. 3:14. |
| Sanctify Christ as Lord | Κύριον τὸν Χριστὸν ἁγιάζω | হৃদয়ে খ্রীষ্টকে প্রভু বলে পবিত্র জ্ঞান করা | hridoye Khrishtoke Provu bole pobitro gyan kora | Critical | Submission / Lordship of Christ | — | Combines two Critical baseline terms; exclusive Lordship must not be softened. 3:15. |
| Good conscience | συνείδησις ἀγαθή | সৎ বিবেক | sat bibek | Medium | Elders and Humility / Substitutionary Suffering | — | 3:16, 21. |
| Put to death in flesh, made alive in spirit | θανατωθεὶς σαρκί, ζωοποιηθεὶς πνεύματι | দেহে মৃত্যুবরণ করলেন, আত্মায় জীবিত হলেন | dehe mrittyuboron korlen, attmay jibito holen | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits / Resurrection | — | Exegetically contested σάρξ/πνεῦμα contrast; πνεῦμα must not default to পবিত্র আত্মা without theologian review. 3:18. |
| Proclaimed to the spirits in prison | τοῖς πνεύμασιν…ἐκήρυξεν | বন্দী আত্মাদের কাছে প্রচার করলেন | bondi attmader kachhe prochar korlen | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | purgatory-implying renderings; preta/ancestor-spirit framings | Highest-complexity passage in the book; mandatory theologian review at every occurrence; explanatory note on interpretive options required; must avoid implying post-mortem second-chance salvation or folk-Bengali ancestor-spirit (preta) frameworks. 3:19; cf. 4:6. |
| Baptism as antitype that saves | ἀντίτυπον…βάπτισμα…σῴζει | বাপ্তিষ্ম, যা এর প্রতিরূপ, রক্ষা করে | baptism, ja er protirup, rokkha kore | Critical | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits / Salvation | ritual-cleansing-only renderings | Must retain v.21’s qualifying clause (appeal of a good conscience, not physical cleansing) to prevent baptismal-works misreading; avoid conflation with Hindu ritual river-bathing (Ganga snan). 3:21. |
| Appeal of a good conscience | συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς ἐρώτημα | সৎ বিবেকের অনুরোধ | sat bibeker onurodh | High | Salvation / Substitutionary Suffering | — | 3:21. |
| Angels, authorities, powers subject to him | ἄγγελοι καὶ ἐξουσίαι καὶ δυνάμεις ὑποταγέντες | স্বর্গদূত ও কর্তৃপক্ষ ও পরাক্রম তাঁর অধীন | shorgodut o kortripokkho o porakrom tar odhin | High | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | — | 3:22. |
| Suffer as a Christian | πάσχω ὡς Χριστιανός | খ্রীষ্টিয়ান বলে দুঃখভোগ করা | Christian bole dukkhobhog kora | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | Standardize spelling of “Christian” across curriculum. 4:16. |
| Judgment begins with the household of God | ἄρχεται τὸ κρίμα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ | বিচার ঈশ্বরের গৃহ থেকে আরম্ভ হয় | bichar Ishshorer griho theke arombho hoy | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | 4:17. |
| Faithful Creator | πιστὸς κτίστης | বিশ্বস্ত সৃষ্টিকর্তা | bishwosto sristikorta | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake / Providence | — | সৃষ্টিকর্তা distinct usage from baseline’s rejection as a substitute for “Father”; here it is the direct biblical “Creator” title. 4:19. |
| Elders | πρεσβύτεροι | প্রাচীনবর্গ | prachinborgo | High | Elders and Humility | — | Distinguish from generic village/panchayat eldership and from Muslim/Hindu religious-leadership titles. 5:1,5. |
| Shepherd the flock | ποιμαίνω τὸ ποίμνιον | পাল চরানো | pal chorano | High | Elders and Humility | — | 5:2. |
| Not for shameful gain | μὴ αἰσχροκερδῶς | লজ্জাজনক লাভের জন্য নয় | lojjajonok labher jonno noy | High | Elders and Humility | — | 5:2. |
| Crown of glory | στέφανος τῆς δόξης | মহিমার মুকুট | mohimar mukut | High | Elders and Humility | — | 5:4. |
| Gird yourselves with humility | ταπεινοφροσύνην ἐγκομβόομαι | নম্রতা পরিধান করা | nomrota poridhan kora | High | Elders and Humility | — | Servant’s-apron metaphor; humility as active self-clothing, doctrine-anchor term. 5:5. |
| Humble yourselves under God’s mighty hand | ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖρα τοῦ Θεοῦ | ঈশ্বরের পরাক্রমী হাতের নীচে নম্র হও | Ishshorer porakromi hater niche nomro hou | High | Elders and Humility | — | 5:6. |
| Adversary, the devil | ἀντίδικος διάβολος | শত্রু দিয়াবল / শয়তান | shotru diabol / shoytan | Medium | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | শয়তান shared with Bengali Muslim usage; low collision risk relative to Jesus/Gospel-class terms. 5:8. |
| Resist him, firm in faith | ἀντίστητε στερεοὶ τῇ πίστει | বিশ্বাসে দৃঢ় হয়ে প্রতিরোধ করা | bishwashe dridho hoye protirodh kora | High | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | — | 5:9. |
| God of all grace | ὁ Θεὸς πάσης χάριτος | সমস্ত অনুগ্রহের ঈশ্বর | shomosto anugroher Ishshor | High | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering / Grace | — | 5:10. |
| Eternal glory | αἰώνιος δόξα | অনন্ত মহিমা | ononto mohima | High | Living Hope of the Resurrection | — | 5:10. |
| Spirit of Christ | Πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ | খ্রীষ্টের আত্মা | Khrishtor attha | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Deity of Christ | — | Strong pre-existence/deity claim; must be distinguished contextually from generic পবিত্র আত্মা references. 1:11. |
C. Risk Summary for This Curriculum
| Risk Tier | Count (new terms) | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 9 | Human theologian (mandatory) |
| High | 30 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 14 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 4 | Automated review |
Highest-priority theologian-review passages for Phase 2: 1 Peter 1:3 & 1:23 (new birth vs. reincarnation collision); 2:5, 2:9 (priesthood — যাজক vs পুরোহিত); 2:24 & 3:18 (substitutionary atonement force of ὑπέρ); 3:18-22 & 4:6 (Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits — highest exegetical complexity in the book); 3:1-7 (gender-submission and honor framing); 4:12 (fiery trial — অগ্নিপরীক্ষা/Rāmāyaṇa collision); 5:1-5 (elders/humility doctrine-anchor terms).
Critical Risk Terms
Baptism Saves
Approved rendering: বাপ্তিষ্ম, যা এর প্রতিরূপ, তোমাদেরও রক্ষা করে
Transliteration: baptism, ja er protirup, tomadero rokkha kore
Doctrine: Baptism as a Covenant Sign of Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ritual-cleansing-only renderings
Original: ὃ…ὑμᾶς ἀντίτυπον νῦν σῴζει βάπτισμα
Category: Salvation
New term. Baptism as the New Testament counterpart to the ark’s flood-deliverance (3:21), immediately qualified as not a physical cleansing. The verb ‘saves’ applied grammatically to baptism is a flashpoint for baptismal-regeneration debate; must retain and give full weight to the immediately following qualifying clause to prevent a ritual-works misreading and conflation with Hindu ritual river-bathing (e.g., Ganga snan).
Bore Our Sins In His Body
Approved rendering: তিনি নিজে আমাদের পাপ আপন দেহে বহন করলেন
Transliteration: tini nije amader pap apon dehe bohon korlen
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: তিনি আমাদের দুঃখে অংশ নিলেন (he shared in our suffering)
Original: τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν αὐτὸς ἀνήνεγκεν ἐν τῷ σώματι αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology
New term. The letter’s most explicit vicarious-substitution statement (2:24), echoing Isaiah 53:4,12. Must not be softened to ‘he suffered alongside us’ or ‘he showed us how to bear suffering.‘
Born Again
Approved rendering: নতুন জন্ম
Transliteration: notun jonmo
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম
Original: ἀναγεννάω
Category: Salvation
New term — the single HIGHEST-FREQUENCY CRITICAL COLLISION in the entire book. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম, the standard Bengali term for reincarnation into a new body within the Hindu cycle of samsara. Must render identically at every occurrence (1:3, 1:23) and be paired with a translator note distinguishing new birth from reincarnation wherever the passage is doctrinally load-bearing.
Father
Approved rendering: পিতা
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্মা, সৃষ্টিকর্তা
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:2,3,17). Note: সৃষ্টিকর্তা is separately used in this book as the generic biblical ‘Creator’ title (4:19, faithful_creator entry below) — a distinct usage from its rejection here specifically as a substitute for ‘Father’; do not confuse the two entries.
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: God / Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Never ভগবান (Hindu bhakti address) or আল্লাহ (Islamic-idiom). Reused throughout 1 Peter (1:2,3,5,21; 2:4,10; 3:18,21; 4:2,10-11; 5:2,5,10).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: Sanctification / Deity of the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:2,12; 4:14). CRITICAL note specific to 1 Peter: must be clearly distinguished in context from the debated πνεῦμα of 3:18-19 (see put_to_death_in_flesh_made_alive_in_spirit and proclaimed_to_spirits_in_prison entries below), which may not refer to this Person at all.
Jesus
Approved rendering: যীশু
Transliteration: Jishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঈসা
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Never ঈসা (Qur’anic-idiom name, non-crucified/non-divine Christology). Reused (1:1,3,7; 3:21; 4:11).
Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: Provu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:3; 2:3,13; 3:15). 3:15’s ‘sanctify Christ as Lord’ is a doctrine-anchor passage combining this term with পবিত্র; must convey exclusive, supreme Lordship.
Proclaimed To Spirits In Prison
Approved rendering: বন্দী আত্মাদের কাছে প্রচার করলেন
Transliteration: bondi attmader kachhe prochar korlen
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: purgatory-implying renderings, preta/ancestor-spirit framings
Original: τοῖς πνεύμασιν…πορευθεὶς ἐκήρυξεν
Category: Eschatology
New term. Highest-complexity, highest-syncretism-risk passage in the book (3:19; cf. 4:6). Mandatory human theologian review at every occurrence, a standing explanatory translator note surveying the main interpretive options, and explicit avoidance of wording implying either a purgatory-like post-mortem second chance for repentance or a Hindu/folk-Bengali ancestor-spirit (preta) framework.
Put To Death In Flesh Made Alive In Spirit
Approved rendering: দেহে মৃত্যুবরণ করলেন, আত্মায় জীবিত হলেন
Transliteration: dehe mrittyuboron korlen, attmay jibito holen
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Original: θανατωθεὶς σαρκί, ζωοποιηθεὶς πνεύματι
Category: Christology
New term. Affirms the reality of Christ’s death and resurrection-life (3:18); the σάρξ/πνεῦμα contrast is exegetically contested. πνεῦμα here must NOT be automatically rendered or read as পবিত্র আত্মা without theologian review, since the referent may be Christ’s own spirit/resurrected mode of existence rather than the third Person of the Trinity. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: পুনরুত্থান
Transliteration: Punorutthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ / Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম, পুনর্জীবন
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম. Reused (1:3; 3:21). New pressure in this curriculum: sits one clause away from নতুন জন্ম (new birth) language for the first time — the two terms must be kept rigorously distinct at 1:3.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: Dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation / Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, পুণ্য, ন্যায়
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. NEVER ধর্ম. Reused (2:24; 3:14; 4:18). This letter puts maximum pressure on the fence at 3:14, the doctrine-anchor phrase ‘suffer for righteousness’ sake’ (see suffer_for_righteousness_sake entry below).
Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণ
Transliteration: Poritran
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. NEVER মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, or নাজাত. Reused (1:5,9,10; 2:2).
Sanctify Christ As Lord
Approved rendering: হৃদয়ে খ্রীষ্টকে প্রভু বলে পবিত্র জ্ঞান করা
Transliteration: hridoye Khrishtoke Provu bole pobitro gyan kora
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ / Evangelistic Witness under Persecution
Original: Κύριον τὸν Χριστὸν ἁγιάσατε ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν
Category: Christology
New term. Inner, wholehearted acknowledgment of Christ’s supreme Lordship as the wellspring of courageous witness under threat (3:15). Combines two Critical baseline terms (প্রভু, পবিত্র); must preserve Christ’s exclusive, supreme Lordship — never a softened ‘respect Christ.‘
Substitutionary Suffering
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্ট তোমাদের জন্য দুঃখভোগ করলেন
Transliteration: Khristo tomader jonno dukkhobhog korlen
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: example-only renderings (“suffered alongside us”)
Original: Χριστὸς ἔπαθεν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν
Category: Christology
New term. Christ’s suffering on behalf of and in place of believers (2:21; 3:18), using the substitutionary preposition ὑπέρ. Must never be reduced to ‘suffered alongside us’ or ‘showed an example,’ which would strip the atoning, in-place-of dimension.
Suffer For Righteousness Sake
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতার জন্য দুঃখভোগ করা
Transliteration: dharmikotar jonno dukkhobhog kora
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: ধর্মের জন্য দুঃখভোগ করা
Original: πάσχω διὰ δικαιοσύνην
Category: Suffering
New term — the doctrine-anchor namesake phrase (3:14). ধার্মিকতা must be used exactly per the Romans baseline; NEVER ধর্ম, which would recast this as ‘suffering for one’s religion/religious community,’ a claim with real social and legal danger in both Bangladesh’s Muslim-majority and West Bengal’s Hindu-majority contexts.
High Risk Terms
Angels Authorities Powers Subject
Approved rendering: স্বর্গদূত ও কর্তৃপক্ষ ও পরাক্রম তাঁর অধীন
Transliteration: shorgodut o kortripokkho o porakrom tar odhin
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits / Deity of Christ
Original: ἄγγελοι καὶ ἐξουσίαι καὶ δυνάμεις ὑποταγέντες
Category: Christology
New term. Christ’s exaltation includes sovereign authority over all spiritual powers, resolving the proclamation-to-spirits passage in a note of triumph (3:22).
Appeal Of Good Conscience
Approved rendering: সৎ বিবেকের অনুরোধ ঈশ্বরের কাছে
Transliteration: sat bibeker onurodh Ishshorer kachhe
Doctrine: Baptism as a Covenant Sign of Salvation
Original: συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς ἐρώτημα εἰς Θεόν
Category: Salvation
New term. Clarifies that baptism’s saving significance is the inward reality of a covenant appeal to God, not the physical water rite itself (3:21).
Blood Sprinkling
Approved rendering: রক্তের ছিটানো
Transliteration: rokter chhitano
Doctrine: Covenant background
Original: ῥαντισμὸς αἵματος
Category: Covenant
New term. New-covenant application of the Sinai blood-sprinkling ritual (Exodus 24) to Christ’s atoning blood as the means of the elect’s obedience and cleansing (1:2). Requires an Old Testament covenant-background translator note; without it, risks reading as an obscure ritual rather than covenant-inaugurating cleansing.
Chosen Race
Approved rendering: মনোনীত জাতি
Transliteration: monownit jati
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood / Effectual Calling and Election
Original: γένος ἐκλεκτόν
Category: Church
New term. The church’s corporate elect identity as a new, unified people transcending prior ethnic/communal identity (2:9). Must not be read through Bengali caste (jaat) or Hindu/Muslim communal-identity categories, nor confused with baseline’s পরজাতি (gentiles), which shares the জাতি root but has an entirely different referent.
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: Niyom
Doctrine: Covenant background (blood-sprinkling)
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Original: διαθήκη (background: ῥαντισμὸν αἵματος)
Category: Covenant
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Used as the covenant background implicit in 1:2’s Sinai blood-sprinkling imagery applied to Christ’s blood.
Crown Of Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমার মুকুট
Transliteration: mohimar mukut
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: στέφανος τῆς δόξης
Category: Eschatology
New term. The eschatological reward for faithful, humble elder-service at Christ’s return (5:4). στέφανος is a victor’s/festal wreath, not a royal crown per se.
Elders
Approved rendering: প্রাচীনবর্গ
Transliteration: prachinborgo
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Leadership
New term. The church’s local pastoral leadership office (5:1,5). Must be clearly distinguished from generic village/panchayat community-elder authority (মোড়ল/মাতব্বর) and from Muslim (ইমাম, মৌলানা) or Hindu temple-committee eldership titles, none of which carry the specific Christ-patterned shepherding-oversight office in view here.
Election
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন
Transliteration: Ishshorer monownoyon
Doctrine: Effectual Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, কর্মফল
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Root reused as মনোনীত (1:1; 2:9, ‘chosen race’). Must never suggest karma-determined fate.
Eternal Glory
Approved rendering: অনন্ত মহিমা
Transliteration: ononto mohima
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἡ αἰώνιος αὐτοῦ δόξα
Category: Eschatology
New term. The certain future glory awaiting believers after a ‘little while’ of suffering, echoing 1:6-7 (5:10).
Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাস
Transliteration: Bishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ঈমান, শ্রদ্ধা
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:5,7,9,21; 5:9).
Fiery Trial
Approved rendering: আগুনের মতো তীব্র/কঠিন পরীক্ষা
Transliteration: agun-er moto tibro/kothin pariksha
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: অগ্নিপরীক্ষা
Original: πύρωσις
Category: Suffering
New term. AVOID the fixed compound নাম অগ্নিপরীক্ষা: overwhelmingly associated with Sita’s fire ordeal in the Rāmāyaṇa (a chastity/purity-proof narrative), an entirely different cultural narrative than Peter’s persecution-refining sense (4:12). Descriptive paraphrase mandatory.
Foreknowledge
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পূর্বজ্ঞান
Transliteration: Ishshorer purbojnan
Doctrine: Effectual Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্যগণনা, নিয়তি
Original: πρόγνωσις
Category: Salvation
New term. God’s prior determinative knowing grounding the elect’s calling (1:2) and Christ’s own foreordained redemptive role (1:20). Must not suggest impersonal fate or astrological foreknowledge.
Gentle And Quiet Spirit
Approved rendering: শান্ত ও নম্র আত্মা
Transliteration: shanto o nomro attha
Doctrine: Marriage and Household Relations
Original: πραῢ καὶ ἡσύχιον πνεῦμα
Category: Ethics
New term. Inner disposition God values, described as imperishable (3:4), echoing অক্ষয়/ἄφθαρτος (1:4,23). Must not be used to justify suppressing a woman’s voice or personhood generally; frames inner character (‘the hidden person of the heart’), not enforced outward silence — culturally sensitive given patriarchal expectations in both Bengali Hindu and Muslim household norms.
Gird With Humility
Approved rendering: নম্রতা পরিধান করা
Transliteration: nomrota poridhan kora
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνην ἐγκομβώσασθε
Category: Leadership
New term. Doctrine-anchor term; the underlying Greek verb pictures tying on a servant’s apron (5:5), so humility here is active, deliberate self-clothing, not passive lowliness — preserve this vivid force rather than flattening to a generic নম্র হওয়া.
Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: Mohima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:7,8,11,21,24; 4:11,13-14; 5:1,4,10).
God Of All Grace
Approved rendering: সমস্ত অনুগ্রহের ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: shomosto anugroher Ishshor
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering / Grace
Original: ὁ Θεὸς πάσης χάριτος
Category: God
New term. God’s character as the comprehensive source of grace amid suffering, closing benediction theme (5:10).
Gods Own People
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের নিজস্ব প্রজা
Transliteration: Ishshorer nijoshsho proja
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν
Category: Church
New term. The church as God’s specially acquired possession (2:9-10), echoing Exodus 19:5 and Malachi 3:17.
Grace
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: Anugroho
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: পুণ্য, ভাগ্য, কৃপা
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:2,10,13; 3:7; 4:10; 5:5,10,12). Closing seal of the letter (5:12) names its entire content ‘the true grace of God.‘
Healed By His Wounds
Approved rendering: তাঁর ক্ষতস্থানে সুস্থ হয়েছ
Transliteration: tar khotosthane sustho hoyecho
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: prosperity-healing/physical-healing-foregrounded renderings
Original: τῷ μώλωπι ἰάθητε
Category: Christology
New term. Spiritual restoration from sin accomplished through Christ’s suffering (2:24), quoting Isaiah 53:5. Must be clarified as principally spiritual restoration, guarding against a prosperity-gospel or purely physical-healing misreading.
Holy Nation
Approved rendering: পবিত্র জাতি
Transliteration: pobitro jati
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: ἔθνος ἅγιον
Category: Church
New term. The church as God’s own set-apart nation, not an ethnic-territorial state (2:9). Flag the lexical overlap with baseline’s পরজাতি (gentiles); ensure the translation clearly marks this ἔθνος as the church itself.
Holy Priesthood
Approved rendering: পবিত্র যাজকবর্গ
Transliteration: pobitro yajokborgo
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: পুরোহিত-based renderings
Original: ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον
Category: Church
New term. The corporate priestly office of all believers (2:5), fulfilling Exodus 19:6. যাজক required throughout; NEVER পুরোহিত, the specifically Hindu Brahmin ritual-priest term, which would imply a separate mediating priestly caste and directly undermine the priesthood-of-all-believers doctrine.
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: Pobitro
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct / Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:15-16; 2:5,9; 3:5). Must be kept distinct from শুচি (Hindu ritual-purity/shuddhi) and from Islamic taharah; this is moral-relational set-apartness patterned on God’s own character.
Humble Under Mighty Hand
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পরাক্রমী হাতের নীচে নম্র হও
Transliteration: Ishshorer porakromi hater niche nomro hou
Doctrine: Providence and God’s Faithful Care
Original: ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖρα τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Ethics
New term. Humility oriented toward God’s sovereign, disciplining-and-delivering power, echoing OT Exodus deliverance idiom (5:6).
Imperishable Seed
Approved rendering: অক্ষয় বীজ
Transliteration: okkhoy bij
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Original: σπορὰ ἄφθαρτος
Category: Salvation
New term. Agricultural metaphor for the gospel word producing the believer’s new birth (1:23). Same অক্ষয় caution as the imperishable entry applies.
Imperishable
Approved rendering: অক্ষয়
Transliteration: okkhoy
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἄφθαρτος
Category: Eschatology
New term. Established Bengali Bible term but carries live Hindu devotional associations (Akshaya Tritiya festival; the inexhaustible-vessel motif). Retain as the established rendering but always pair with explicit biblical framing (kept ‘in heaven,’ grounded in the gospel word) so it is not absorbed into a generic Hindu-devotional ‘imperishable blessing’ concept. Occurs 1:4, 1:23, 3:4.
Joint Heirs Of Grace Of Life
Approved rendering: জীবনের অনুগ্রহের সহউত্তরাধিকারী
Transliteration: jiboner anugroher shoho-uttorodhikari
Doctrine: Marriage and Household Relations
Original: συγκληρονόμοι χάριτος ζωῆς
Category: Ethics
New term. Husband and wife share fully and equally in the inheritance of grace (3:7), correcting any notion of unequal spiritual standing.
Judgment Begins At Household Of God
Approved rendering: বিচার ঈশ্বরের গৃহ থেকে আরম্ভ হয়
Transliteration: bichar Ishshorer griho theke arombho hoy
Doctrine: Final Judgment and Eschatological Hope
Original: ἄρχεται τὸ κρίμα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Eschatology
New term. God’s refining judgment falls first, purifyingly, on his own people before the final judgment of unbelievers (4:17).
Lamb Without Blemish
Approved rendering: নিষ্কলঙ্ক ও নির্দোষ মেষশিশু
Transliteration: nishkolongko o nirdosh mesh-shishu
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: ἀμνὸς ἄμωμος καὶ ἄσπιλος
Category: Christology
New term. Christ as the perfect Passover/sacrificial lamb (1:19). Requires an Old Testament sacrificial-system background note for readers with low OT literacy in both West Bengal and Bangladesh audiences.
Living Hope
Approved rendering: জীবন্ত প্রত্যাশা
Transliteration: jibonto prottyasha
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: আশা (plain, unqualified)
Original: ἐλπὶς ζῶσα
Category: Eschatology
New term. Hope animated by Christ’s own resurrection, not wishful optimism. Must not collapse into generic আশা, which loses the resurrection-grounded animating force stated in the same clause (1:3; cf. 1:21, 3:15).
Not For Shameful Gain
Approved rendering: লজ্জাজনক লাভের জন্য নয়, বরং আগ্রহের সাথে
Transliteration: lojjajonok labher jonno noy, borong agroher sathe
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: μὴ αἰσχροκερδῶς
Category: Leadership
New term. Elders must guard against mercenary or exploitative motives in ministry leadership, serving eagerly instead (5:2). Directly relevant given real risks of ministry-as-livelihood dynamics in Bengali Christian institutional contexts.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা
Transliteration: Bishwasher baddhota
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ধর্মীয় কর্তব্য পালন
Original: ὑπακοή (root)
Category: Faith
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Root reused as বাধ্যতা (1:2,14,22, ‘obedient children’).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer shamorthyo
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: δύναμις Θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. NEVER শক্তি (Shakta goddess-power association, especially strong in Bengal). Reused (1:5, guarding believers unto salvation).
Precious Blood
Approved rendering: বহুমূল্য রক্ত
Transliteration: bohumullyo rokto
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: τίμιον αἷμα
Category: Salvation
New term. The costly, of-great-value blood of Christ that accomplished redemption, contrasted with silver or gold (1:18-19).
Redeemed Ransomed
Approved rendering: মূল্য দিয়ে উদ্ধার করা
Transliteration: mullyo diye uddhar kora
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: মুক্ত করা, মুক্তি
Original: λυτρόω
Category: Salvation
New term. Deliverance from a futile former way of life, accomplished at the price of Christ’s blood (1:18-19). Deliberately avoids মুক্ত/মুক্তি (Hindu moksha/liberation-from-rebirth association per baseline salvation rejection) while preserving the ransom-price sense.
Resist Firm In Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসে দৃঢ় হয়ে প্রতিরোধ করা
Transliteration: bishwashe dridho hoye protirodh kora
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Devil
Original: ἀντίστητε στερεοὶ τῇ πίστει
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Active spiritual resistance grounded in steadfast faith, not passive endurance alone (5:9). Must not read as generic self-help resilience apart from বিশ্বাস specifically in Christ.
Revelation Of Jesus Christ
Approved rendering: যীশু খ্রীষ্টের প্রকাশ
Transliteration: Jishu Khrishtor prokash
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: অবতার-প্রকাশ
Original: ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Eschatology
New term. Christ’s future appearing (Parousia), 1:7,13; 4:13. Must not be assimilated to Hindu avatar-appearance cycles or the Islamic doctrine of Isa’s future return as a subordinate prophet-figure.
Royal Priesthood
Approved rendering: রাজকীয় যাজকবর্গ
Transliteration: rajokio yajokborgo
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: রাজকীয় পুরোহিতবর্গ
Original: βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα
Category: Church
New term. Doctrine-anchor term combining kingship and priesthood (Exodus 19:6) conferred on the whole believing community (2:9). যাজক required, never পুরোহিত — same caution as holy_priesthood.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: পবিত্রীকরণ
Transliteration: Pobitrikoron
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুদ্ধিকরণ
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:2).
Shepherd And Overseer Of Souls
Approved rendering: প্রাণের মেষপালক ও অধ্যক্ষ
Transliteration: praner meshpalok o odhyokkho
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering / Elders and Humility
Original: ποιμὴν καὶ ἐπίσκοπος τῶν ψυχῶν
Category: Christology
New term. Christ as the returning, caring shepherd-overseer to whom straying sheep have now returned (2:25).
Shepherd The Flock
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পাল চরানো
Transliteration: Ishshorer pal chorano
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ποιμαίνω τὸ ποίμνιον
Category: Leadership
New term. Elders exercise Christ-derivative pastoral care over God’s flock (5:2), echoing Christ as shepherd-overseer (2:25).
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: Pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (2:22,24; 3:18; 4:1).
Spirit Of Christ
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্টের আত্মা
Transliteration: Khrishtor attha
Doctrine: Deity and Pre-existence of Christ
Original: Πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ
Category: Christology
New term. Identifies the Spirit who inspired the OT prophets as Christ’s own Spirit (1:11), a strong pre-existence/deity claim. Must be clearly distinguished contextually from generic পবিত্র আত্মা references so it is not read as merely ‘a spirit associated with Christ.‘
Spiritual House
Approved rendering: আত্মিক গৃহ
Transliteration: attik griho
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: οἶκος πνευματικός
Category: Church
New term. Believers corporately constitute the new temple-replacement structure where God dwells (2:5). আত্মিক parallels baseline’s আত্মিক বর, keeping the concept Spirit-sourced, not a literal building.
Spiritual Sacrifices
Approved rendering: আত্মিক বলিদান
Transliteration: attik bolidan
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: πνευματικαὶ θυσίαι
Category: Church
New term. Non-animal, Spirit-enabled offerings (praise, obedience, service) that replace the OT sacrificial system (2:5). Translator note recommended distinguishing this from Hindu ritual offering (puja/naibedya/prasad) practice.
Submission
Approved rendering: অধীন হওয়া
Transliteration: odhin howa
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Rejected alternatives: বশীভূত হওয়া (acceptable secondary variant, same sense)
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Ethics
New term. Voluntary ordering under authority — citizens (2:13), servants (2:18), wives (3:1), all believers to elders (5:5). Must be framed as a free, gospel-motivated act ‘for the Lord’s sake,’ never an endorsement of unjust structures or caste/gender subordination as inherently right. The source text’s qualifying clause must be retained at every occurrence.
Suffering Unjustly
Approved rendering: অন্যায়ভাবে দুঃখভোগ
Transliteration: onnayvabe dukkhobhog
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: πάσχω ἀδίκως
Category: Suffering
New term. Undeserved suffering that is nonetheless commendable when endured for conscience toward God (2:19).
Tested Genuineness Of Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসের পরীক্ষিত সত্যতা
Transliteration: bishwasher parikshito sottota
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: সরল পরীক্ষা
Original: δοκίμιον
Category: Suffering
New term. Metallurgical assay metaphor for faith proven genuine through the fire of trials (1:7). Must convey ‘proven genuine through testing,’ not simply ‘your faith is tested,’ which loses the refining/assay nuance central to the verse’s argument.
Various Trials
Approved rendering: বিভিন্ন পরীক্ষা
Transliteration: bibhinno pariksha
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: ποικίλοι πειρασμοί
Category: Suffering
New term. Varied external testing circumstances (persecution, hardship), not enticements to sin (1:6; cf. 4:12). পরীক্ষা is ambiguous in everyday Bengali (also ‘school exam’/generic test/temptation); mandatory translator note distinguishing ‘trial of faith through suffering’ from ‘temptation to sin’ is required at every occurrence.
Weaker Vessel
Approved rendering: দুর্বলতর পাত্র
Transliteration: durbolotoro patro
Doctrine: Marriage and Household Relations
Original: ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος
Category: Ethics
New term. Relative physical delicacy explicitly grounding greater honor toward the wife, not diminished worth (3:7). Translator note required: grounds greater honor, not lesser worth; mistranslation risks reinforcing existing gender-hierarchy assumptions rather than the verse’s actual corrective.
Medium Risk Terms
Adversary The Devil
Approved rendering: শত্রু দিয়াবল / শয়তান
Transliteration: shotru diabol / shoytan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Devil
Original: ὁ ἀντίδικος…διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Personal, purposive spiritual opposition, not an impersonal source of misfortune (5:8). শয়তান is shared Bengali Muslim vocabulary for the same figure and carries comparatively low collision risk; দিয়াবল is the more distinctly Christian transliteration, preferred for register consistency with established Bengali NT usage.
Apostle
Approved rendering: প্রেরিত
Transliteration: Prerito
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: দূত, বার্তাবাহক
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:1, Peter’s self-identification).
Church
Approved rendering: মণ্ডলী
Transliteration: Mondoli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির, গির্জা
Original: ἐκκλησία (conceptual; term not directly used in 1 Peter but the doctrine is present throughout)
Category: Church
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Used for general corporate-church reference outside direct quotation of 1 Peter’s own priesthood/temple vocabulary (2:4-10).
Cornerstone
Approved rendering: কোণের প্রধান পাথর
Transliteration: koner prodhan pathor
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: λίθος ἀκρογωνιαῖος
Category: Christology
New term. Christ as the indispensable foundation of the whole church structure (2:6-7), citing Isaiah 28:16/Psalm 118:22.
Faithful Creator
Approved rendering: বিশ্বস্ত সৃষ্টিকর্তা
Transliteration: bishwosto sristikorta
Doctrine: Providence and God’s Faithful Care
Original: πιστὸς κτίστης
Category: God
New term. God’s role as trustworthy Maker of all things, to whom suffering believers entrust their souls (4:19). Confirm this generic biblical ‘Creator’ title usage is distinct from সৃষ্টিকর্তা’s rejection elsewhere specifically as a substitute for the ‘Father’ title (see father entry above).
Good Conscience
Approved rendering: সৎ বিবেক
Transliteration: sat bibek
Doctrine: Elders and Humility / Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: συνείδησις ἀγαθή
Category: Ethics
New term. Inner moral awareness judged clear, grounding courageous, non-defensive suffering (3:16) and the true meaning of baptism (3:21).
Guarded By Gods Power
Approved rendering: রক্ষিত / প্রহরাধীন
Transliteration: rokkhito / proharadhin
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: φρουρέω
Category: Salvation
New term. Military garrison image: believers are being kept under watch by God’s power through faith (1:5). Translator note recommended to preserve the military ‘standing guard’ image, distinct from the ordinary custodial keeping applied to the inheritance in the same passage (v.4).
Inheritance
Approved rendering: উত্তরাধিকার
Transliteration: uttorodhikar
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Eschatology
New term. The believer’s certain future possession, kept in heaven (1:4) and shared jointly by husband and wife (3:7). Must be tied explicitly to grace/new birth, not to earned merit or Bengali family-inheritance custom, where shares can be contested along lineage and gender lines.
Living Stone
Approved rendering: জীবন্ত পাথর
Transliteration: jibonto pathor
Doctrine: Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: λίθος ζῶν
Category: Church
New term. Christ as the living foundation stone of the new temple-community, echoing the ‘living hope’ of 1:3 (2:4).
Living Word Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের জীবন্ত বচন
Transliteration: Ishshorer jibonto bochon
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Original: λόγος ζῶν Θεοῦ
Category: Salvation
New term. The gospel message as personally and permanently effective, the imperishable seed of new birth (1:23-25). Translator note: this is the ‘living and abiding’ gospel word, related to but not identical with the incarnate Logos title of John 1:1 (rendered বচন there); avoid confusion if বচন is used for both.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ভালোবাসা
Transliteration: bhalobasha
Doctrine: Mutual Love and Church Unity
Rejected alternatives: প্রেম
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: Faith
New term. Self-giving, covenantal love for the unseen Christ (1:8) and fellow believers (1:22; 4:8). প্রেম carries strong Bengali Vaishnava bhakti connotations (Radha-Krishna prema devotion), risking a devotional-romantic misreading; ভালোবাসা preferred as the sober relational term throughout this letter.
Mercy
Approved rendering: দয়া
Transliteration: doya
Doctrine: New Birth / Regeneration
Rejected alternatives: করুণা
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term for this curriculum. God’s compassionate disposition toward the guilty/needy, ground of the new birth (1:3) and of the church’s transformed identity (2:10). করুণা rejected: carries Buddhist/Hindu bodhisattva-compassion resonance. দয়া is the established Bengali Christian term for God’s mercy toward the guilty.
Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: Shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused in opening (1:2) and closing (5:14) benedictions.
Purified Souls
Approved rendering: বিশুদ্ধ করা
Transliteration: bishuddho kora
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Rejected alternatives: শুচি করা
Original: ἁγνίζοντες τὰς ψυχάς
Category: Sanctification
New term. Purification accomplished through obedience to the truth, not ritual washing (1:22). Prefer বিশুদ্ধ over শুচি, which carries Hindu ritual-purity/shuddhi overtones.
Sojourners And Exiles
Approved rendering: প্রবাসী ও পরদেশী
Transliteration: probashi o porodeshi
Doctrine: Sojourner Identity of Believers
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Original: παρεπίδημοι / πάροικοι
Category: Church
New term. Believers’ present social status as temporary, displaced residents of this age (1:1,17; 2:11). Distinct from baseline’s পরজাতি (gentiles, an ethnic category) and from বিদেশী (mere foreign nationality).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: আত্মিক বর
Transliteration: Attik bor
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: বর, আশীর্বাদ
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (4:10). Never বর alone.
Suffer As A Christian
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্টিয়ান বলে দুঃখভোগ করা
Transliteration: Christian bole dukkhobhog kora
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: πάσχει ὡς Χριστιανός
Category: Suffering
New term. Suffering explicitly because of Christian identity, distinguished from suffering for wrongdoing (4:15-16). Standardize the Bengali spelling of ‘Christian’ — খ্রীষ্টিয়ান is the chosen curriculum-wide spelling, over খ্রিস্টান/খ্রীষ্টান — uniformly across all 1 Peter materials.
Undefiled
Approved rendering: নিষ্কলঙ্ক
Transliteration: nishkolongko
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἀμίαντος
Category: Eschatology
New term. Morally and ritually untouched by corruption; qualifies the believer’s heavenly inheritance (1:4).
Unhypocritical Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: নিষ্কপট ভ্রাতৃপ্রেম
Transliteration: nishkopoto bhratriprem
Doctrine: Mutual Love and Church Unity
Original: φιλαδελφία ἀνυπόκριτος
Category: Church
New term. Sincere sibling-love within the family of faith, the fruit of purification through obedience (1:22). Note: this specific compound retains প্রেম only inside the fixed ভ্রাতৃপ্রেম (brotherly-love) idiom, not as a free substitute for love toward Christ (see love_agape entry).
Low Risk Terms
Doxological Blessing
Approved rendering: ধন্য
Transliteration: dhonyo
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Doxology
Original: εὐλογητός
Category: God
New term. Benediction formula opening the letter’s doxology (1:3): God alone is the one who is ‘blessed’/praised. Low risk; standard doxological vocabulary.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: সহভাগিতা
Transliteration: Shohobhagita
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: বন্ধুত্ব
Original: κοινωνέω / κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Root reused as সহভাগী (4:13, sharing in Christ’s sufferings).
Prophet
Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: Bhabbadi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited exactly from Romans translation_memory.json. Reused (1:10).
Unfading
Approved rendering: অম্লান
Transliteration: omlan
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἀμάραντος
Category: Eschatology
New term. Botanical metaphor of enduring freshness that never withers; qualifies the heavenly inheritance (1:4).
Referenced passages