Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Luke 1–24 (English → Bengali)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by curriculum doctrine. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [Reused] and MUST use the exact recorded Bengali rendering; they are listed here for completeness and cross-reference only, not for re-derivation. New terms introduced by Luke’s vocabulary are marked [New] and are proposed here for ratification and entry into an updated translation memory in a later step.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s Critical/High/Medium/Low framework (doctrine_risk_registry.json risk_definitions).
1. Jesus as Savior for All Nations and All People (Jew and Gentile, Rich and Poor)
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | পরিত্রাতা | poritrata | Critical | New | 2:11 | Built on পরিত্রাণ root for consistency; never অবতার-style periodic-rescuer framing |
| Salvation | পরিত্রাণ | poritran | Critical | Reused | 1:69,71,77; 2:11,30; 3:6; 19:9-10 | Baseline rule: never মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত |
| Gentiles / nations | পরজাতি | porojati | Medium | Reused | 2:32; 21:24; 24:47 | Baseline established |
| Light for revelation to the Gentiles | পরজাতিদের প্রকাশের জ্যোতি | porojatider prokasher joti | High | New (phrase) | 2:32 | Universal-scope theme; জ্যোতি risk noted in baseline (glory entry) — used here narrowly as “light,” not as a term for God’s glory itself |
| Poor | দরিদ্র | doridro | High | New | 4:18; 6:20; 7:22; 14:13,21 | Must remain unqualified (economic), not spiritualized |
| Rich | ধনী | dhoni | Medium | New | 6:24; 12:16; 16:19-31; 18:23-25; 19:2 | Eschatological reversal theme |
| Universal scope (“who then can be saved,” “all flesh shall see”) | সকলে পরিত্রাণ পেতে পারে | — | High | New (phrase) | 3:6; 18:26-27 | No caste/communal-identity qualification permitted |
| Faith (Gentile centurion) | বিশ্বাস | bishwas | High | Reused | 7:9 | Baseline established |
| Foreigner | ভিন্নজাতীয় | bhinnojatiyo | Medium | New | 17:18 | Samaritan leper; reinforces universal scope |
| Samaritan | শমরীয় | Shomoriyo | Medium | New (proper/ethnonym) | 10:33; 17:16 | Background-knowledge gap more than term-collision risk |
2. The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holy Spirit | পবিত্র আত্মা | Pobitro Attha | Critical | Reused | 1:15,35,41,67; 3:22; 4:1,14,18; 11:13; 24:49 | Never ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা |
| Overshadow | ছায়া দেবেন | chaya debe | Critical | New | 1:35 | Non-sexual, creative divine empowering; must not echo অবতার descent |
| Anoint | অভিষেক করা | obhishek kora | High | New | 4:18 | Collision with Hindu deity/royal অভিষেক ritual — context must disambiguate |
| Spirit of the Lord | প্রভুর আত্মা | provur attha | Critical | New (phrase, reuse components) | 4:18 | Combines reused প্রভু + পবিত্র আত্মা root |
| Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit | পবিত্র আত্মার বিরুদ্ধে নিন্দা | — | Critical | New | 12:10 | Handle pastorally; settled rejection, not momentary doubt |
| Power from on high | ঊর্ধ্ব হইতে সামর্থ্য | urdho hoite shamorthyo | Critical | Reused (power_of_god root) | 24:49 | Never শক্তি |
| Dove descending at baptism | — | — | Medium | New (image) | 3:22 | Visual sign of Spirit’s descent; no specific Bengali term risk beyond narrative fidelity |
3. Good News to the Poor and Marginalized
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poor | দরিদ্র | doridro | High | New | 4:18; 6:20; 7:22; 14:13,21; 16:20,22 | See section 1 |
| Blessed | ধন্য | dhonyo | High | New | 6:20-22 | Not সুখী (subjective happiness) |
| Woe | ধিক্ | dhik | Medium | New | 6:24-26 | Prophetic lament, not folk-curse অভিশাপ |
| Captives | বন্দি | bondi | Medium | New | 4:18 | |
| Oppressed/crushed | নিপীড়িত | nipirito | Medium | New | 4:18 | |
| Blind (recover sight) | অন্ধ / দৃষ্টি লাভ | ondho / drishti labh | Low | New | 4:18; 7:21-22; 18:35-43 | |
| Shepherd | মেষপালক | meshpalok | Low | New | 2:8-20 | Low-status witnesses, first recipients of good news |
| Widow | বিধবা | bidhoba | Medium | New | 7:12; 18:1-8; 21:1-4 | |
| Tax collector | কর আদায়কারী | kor adaykari | Medium | New | 3:12; 5:27-32; 7:29,34; 15:1; 18:10-14; 19:1-10 | Social-collaborator stigma must be retained |
| Sinner | পাপী | papi | High | New | 5:30,32; 7:34,37,39; 15:1-2,7,10; 18:13; 19:7 | Consistent with baseline পাপ |
| Poor, crippled, lame, blind (banquet list) | দরিদ্র, বিকলাঙ্গ, খঞ্জ, অন্ধ | — | High | New (phrase) | 14:13,21 | Verify dignifying disability terminology with native speakers |
| Great reversal (rich/poor eschatological) | — | — | Medium | New (doctrine) | 1:52-53; 6:20-26; 16:19-31 | Guard against reducing to simple economic determinism |
4. Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repentance | মন-পরিবর্তন | mon-poriborton | Critical | New | 3:3,8; 5:32; 13:3,5; 15:7,10; 24:47 | Never অনুতাপ alone or প্রায়শ্চিত্ত (karmic-penance collision) |
| Forgiveness (of sins) | পাপের ক্ষমা | paper kshama | Critical | New | 1:77; 3:3; 5:20-24; 7:47-49; 11:4; 17:3-4; 23:34; 24:47 | Always ক্ষমা, never মুক্তি |
| Release/liberty (non-soteriological, Isaiah 61 sense) | মুক্তি | mukti | Critical | New (special narrow-use case) | 4:18 | Permitted ONLY for the physical-liberation sense of ἄφεσις in this verse; must never bleed into the sin-forgiveness sense; mandatory theologian flag on every occurrence of ἄφεσις to confirm correct sense is used |
| Sins are forgiven | পাপ ক্ষমা করা হল | — | Critical | New (phrase) | 5:20-24; 7:48 | Ties forgiveness to Jesus’ divine authority (ἐξουσία) |
| Lost | হারানো | harano | High | New | 15:4,6,8-9,24,32; 19:10 | Sheep/coin/son parables; reversed by seeking grace |
| Justified | ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া | dharmik bole gonyo howa | Critical | Reused | 18:14 | Baseline exact phrase |
| Repentance and forgiveness proclaimed to all nations | সকল জাতির কাছে মন-পরিবর্তন ও পাপের ক্ষমার কথা প্রচার করা হবে | — | Critical | New (phrase) | 24:47 | Great Commission core statement; verbatim consistency required across all Phase 2 documents |
5. Prayer and Dependence on God
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prayer | প্রার্থনা | prarthona | High | New | 3:21; 5:16; 6:12; 9:18,28-29; 11:1-13; 18:1-14; 22:39-46 | Never পূজা (ritual image-worship) |
| Father (address in prayer) | পিতা | Pita | Critical | Reused | 11:2; 22:42; 23:34,46 | Baseline established |
| Daily bread | দৈনিক আহার | doinik ahar | Medium | New | 11:3 | Dependence, not accumulation |
| House of prayer | প্রার্থনার ঘর | prarthonar ghor | High | New | 19:46 | Ties to temple’s right purpose |
| Persistent widow (parable) | — | — | Medium | New (doctrine emphasis) | 18:1-8 | Boldness/persistence in prayer |
| Not my will but yours | তোমার ইচ্ছাই পূর্ণ হোক | — | Critical | New (phrase) | 22:42 | Model of submissive dependence under suffering |
6. The Kingdom of God Present and Future
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom of God | ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য | Ishshorer Rajyo | Medium | Reused | 4:43; 8:1,10; 9:2,11,60,62; 10:9,11; 11:20; 13:18-21; 17:20-21; 21:31; 22:16,18 | Baseline established |
| Today (inaugurated fulfillment) | আজ | aj | High | New | 2:11; 4:21; 19:9; 23:43 | Must not be softened to a vague “these days” |
| Fulfilled | পূর্ণ হয়েছে | purno hoyeche | High | New | 4:21; 24:44 | Linear historical fulfillment, not cyclical yuga-repetition |
| Kingdom is within/among you | তোমাদের মধ্যে | tomader moddhe | Critical | New | 17:21 | Render “among,” never “within,” to avoid Advaita Vedanta ātman-within collision |
| Acceptable year of the Lord | প্রভুর গ্রহণযোগ্য বছর | provur grohonjoggo bochor | High | New | 4:19 | Jubilee background (Lev 25) note required |
| Kingdom has come near | ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য নিকটবর্তী হয়েছে | — | High | New (phrase) | 10:9,11 | |
| Mustard seed / leaven (kingdom parables) | — | — | Medium | New (image) | 13:18-21 | Kingdom’s small, hidden, growing present reality |
| Redemption (final, eschatological) | উদ্ধার | uddhar | Critical | New | 1:68; 2:38; 21:28 | Never মুক্তি — same moksha-collision logic as baseline salvation rule |
7. The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disciple | শিষ্য | shishyo | Critical | New | 5:30; 6:13,17; 9:1-6,14,16,18,40,54; 10:23; 11:1; 12:1,22; 14:26-33; 17:1; 19:37,39; 22:11,39,45 | Major guru-shishya / Buddhist-pupil collision risk; requires contrastive framing in teaching material |
| Follow | অনুসরণ করা | onushoron kora | High | New | 5:11,27-28; 9:23,57-62; 18:22,28 | |
| Cross (take up daily) | ক্রুশ | krush | High | New | 9:23; 14:27 | Established Christian loanword; low term-collision, high doctrinal weight |
| Counting the cost | — | — | High | New (doctrine) | 14:28-33 | Tower-builder/warring-king parables |
| Joy | আনন্দ | anondo | Medium | New | 1:14,44; 2:10; 6:23; 10:17,20; 15:7,10,32; 19:6; 24:41,52 | |
| Apostle | প্রেরিত | prerito | Medium | Reused | 6:13; 9:10; 11:49; 17:5; 22:14; 24:10 | Baseline established |
| Everything given up to follow | — | — | High | New (doctrine) | 5:11,28; 18:28-30 | Guards against prosperity-oriented misreading |
8. Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship with Sinners
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compassion | করুণা | koruna | High | New | 7:13; 10:33; 15:20 | Distinct from দয়া; note Buddhist karuṇā association flagged for native-speaker review |
| Mercy | দয়া | doya | High | New | 1:50,54,58,72,78; 6:36; 10:37; 18:38-39 | Active, embodied, response to need |
| Merciful | দয়ালু | doyalu | Medium | New | 6:36 | |
| Eat with (table fellowship) | সহভোজ করা | shohobhoj kora | High | New | 5:29-30; 7:36-50; 15:2; 19:5-7; 22:14-20 | Deliberate, honor-conferring inclusion of the socially disgraced |
| Sinner (table companion) | পাপী | papi | High | New | 5:30; 7:34,37,39; 15:1-2; 19:7 | See section 3 |
| Love (agape) | ভালোবাসা | bhalobasha | High | New | 6:27,32,35; 7:47; 10:27 | Preferred over প্রেম (romantic/Vaishnava bhakti collision) |
| Neighbor | প্রতিবেশী | protibeshi | Low | New | 10:27,29,36 | Term-risk low; doctrinal weight high via Good Samaritan |
Christology and Divine-Name Terms (Cross-Cutting)
| English Term | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Primary Luke Passages | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesus | যীশু | Jishu | Critical | Reused | throughout | Never ঈসা |
| Christ / Messiah | খ্রীষ্ট | Khrishto | Critical | Reused | 2:11,26; 3:15; 4:41; 9:20; 22:67; 23:2,35,39; 24:26,46 | Never মশীহ (outside Muslim-outreach framing) |
| Son of God | ঈশ্বরের পুত্র | Ishshorer Putro | Critical | Reused | 1:32,35; 3:22,38; 4:3,9,41; 8:28; 9:35; 22:70 | Full phrase required |
| Son of Man | মনুষ্যপুত্র | manushyoputro | Critical | New | 5:24; 6:5,22; 7:34; 9:22,26,44,56,58; 11:30; 12:8,10,40; 17:22,24,26,30; 18:8,31; 19:10; 21:27,36; 22:22,48,69; 24:7 | Daniel 7 background — both humble/human and exalted eschatological-judge senses must be preserved; not a mere self-referential “a person” idiom |
| Lord | প্রভু | provu | Critical | Reused | throughout | Exclusive, supreme Lordship |
| Son of David | দায়ূদের পুত্র | Dayuder Putro | High | Reused (seed_of_david root) | 18:38-39; 20:41-44 | |
| Righteous (conduct-adjective, disambiguated from justification) | ন্যায়পরায়ণ / সৎ | nyayporayon / shot | Medium | New | 1:6; 2:25; 23:47,50 | Deliberately distinct word-family from ধার্মিকতা |
| New covenant | নতুন নিয়ম | notun niyom | Critical | New (builds on reused নিয়ম) | 22:20 | Never চুক্তি |
| Body (Eucharist) | শরীর | shorir | Critical | New | 22:19 | দেহ reserved for দেহধারণ (Incarnation) to avoid overlap |
| Blood (Eucharist/covenant) | রক্ত | rokto | Critical | New | 22:20 | |
| Crucify | ক্রুশে দেওয়া / ক্রুশবিদ্ধ করা | krushe dewa / krushbiddho kora | Critical | New | 23:33 | Real historical death — contrast Islamic denial of crucifixion |
| Resurrection | পুনরুত্থান | punorutthan | Critical | Reused | 9:22; 20:34-38; 24:1-7,34,46 | Never পুনর্জন্ম |
| Paradise | পরমদেশ | poromdesh | High | New | 23:43 | Distinct from generic স্বর্গ (temporary Hindu heaven) and from জান্নাত (Muslim-outreach only) |
| Authority | কর্তৃত্ব | kortritto | High | New | 4:32,36; 5:24; 9:1; 20:2 | Not মেরে ক্ষমতা (secular power) |
| Demon / unclean spirit | অপবিত্র আত্মা | opobitro attha | High | New | 4:33-36,41; 8:2,27-33; 9:1,42; 11:14-26 | Never ভূত (folk-ghost collision) |
| Devil | দিয়াবল / শয়তান | diyabol / shoytan | Medium | New | 4:2-13; 8:12; 10:18; 22:3,31 | |
| Parable | দৃষ্টান্ত | drishtanto | Low | New | throughout (8:4-15; 10:30-37; 15:3-32; 18:1-14; etc.) | |
| Prophet | ভাববাদী | bhabbadi | Low | Reused | 1:76; 4:24; 7:16,26,39; 24:19 | Baseline established |
| Scripture | শাস্ত্র / পবিত্রশাস্ত্র | shastro / pobitroshastro | High | Reused (baseline doctrine entry) | 4:21; 24:27,32,45 | |
| Sabbath | বিশ্রামবার | bishrambar | Low | New | 4:16,31; 6:1-11; 13:10-16; 14:1-6; 23:56 | |
| Synagogue | সমাজগৃহ | shomajgriho | Low | New | 4:16,20,28,33,38,44; 6:6; 7:5; 8:41; 13:10 | |
| Fasting | উপবাস | upobash | Medium | New | 2:37; 5:33-35; 18:12 | Neutral pan-religious term; no merit-earning implication |
| Mammon | ধন-সম্পদ | dhon-shompod | Medium | New | 16:9,11,13 | Wealth personified as rival master |
| Steward | গৃহকর্তা / ভাণ্ডারী | grihokorta / bhandari | Medium | New | 12:42; 16:1-8 |
Version Note
This glossary is provisional pending Phase 1 Step 2 ratification and formal entry into an updated translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json for the Luke curriculum. All [Reused] entries are locked as-is from the baseline Romans package and must not be altered. All [New] entries require sign-off before Phase 2 batch translation begins, with Critical-tier new entries (Repentance, Forgiveness, Redemption, the ἄφεσις dual-use crux at Luke 4:18, Savior, Son of Man, Disciple, Kingdom-within/among, New Covenant, Body/Blood, Paradise) routed for mandatory human theologian review before ratification.
Critical Risk Terms
Blasphemy Against Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মার বিরুদ্ধে নিন্দা
Transliteration: pobitro atthar biruddhe ninda
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον
Category: God
The one unforgivable sin (12:10) — a settled, deliberate, hardened rejection of the Spirit’s testimony, not momentary doubt. Mandatory pastoral framing note required at every occurrence to avoid inducing false despair.
Blood Eucharist
Approved rendering: রক্ত
Transliteration: rokto
Doctrine: New Covenant and the Lord’s Supper
Original: αἷμα
Category: Christology
‘This cup…is the new covenant in my blood’ (22:20). Standard term; Critical by association with the words of institution.
Body Eucharist
Approved rendering: শরীর
Transliteration: shorir
Doctrine: New Covenant and the Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: দেহ (reserved for দেহধারণ/Incarnation)
Original: σῶμα
Category: Christology
‘This is my body, given for you’ (22:19). শরীর reserves দেহ exclusively for the Incarnation doctrine, preventing overlap between the two distinct doctrines.
Crucify
Approved rendering: ক্রুশে দেওয়া / ক্রুশবিদ্ধ করা
Transliteration: krushe dewa / krushbiddho kora
Doctrine: Historicity of the Crucifixion
Rejected alternatives: কষ্ট দেওয়া (ambiguous ‘suffering’)
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Christology
Must be rendered as a real, historical death (22:39-23:49). Live pastoral concern given the Islamic doctrine that Jesus did not actually die on the cross; never softened toward an ambiguous suffering-term compatible with that denial.
Disciple
Approved rendering: শিষ্য
Transliteration: shishyo
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: μαθητής
Category: Discipleship
No safer Bengali alternative exists. শিষ্য is the exact term for a Hindu guru’s disciple (guru-shishya paramparā) and a Buddhist monk’s pupil, both framing individual spiritual attainment; biblical discipleship is a called, cross-bearing, communal following of a unique risen Lord. Mandatory contrastive framing note at first occurrence in every teaching document.
Father Forgive Them
Approved rendering: পিতা, তাদের ক্ষমা কর
Transliteration: Pita, tader kshama kor
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Luke 23:34, Jesus’ prayer of forgiveness from the cross — the ultimate embodiment of the forgiveness doctrine, extended even to his executioners; must not be diluted into generalized goodwill.
Father
Approved rendering: পিতা
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্মা, সৃষ্টিকর্তা
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
God as personal Father; opens the Lord’s Prayer (11:2) and Jesus’ own Gethsemane/cross prayers (22:42; 23:34,46). Inherited from Romans package.
Forgiveness Of Sins
Approved rendering: পাপের ক্ষমা / ক্ষমা করা
Transliteration: paper kshama / kshama kora
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি
Original: ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν / ἀφίημι
Category: Salvation
Always ক্ষমা, never মুক্তি. Central to John’s ministry (1:77; 3:3), the paralytic (5:20-24), the sinful woman (7:47-49), the Lord’s Prayer (11:4), repeated interpersonal forgiveness (17:3-4), the cross (23:34), the Great Commission (24:47). The identical Greek root ἄφεσις is deliberately split between this term and release_to_captives; the split must be maintained and flagged at every occurrence.
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Settled Bengali Christian standard. Never ভগবান or আল্লাহ, and never যিহোবা (Jehovah’s Witness practice). Inherited from Romans package.
Great Commission Phrase
Approved rendering: সকল জাতির কাছে মন-পরিবর্তন ও পাপের ক্ষমার কথা প্রচার করা হবে
Transliteration: shokol jatir kache mon-poriborton o paper kshamar kotha prochar kora hobe
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins / Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Luke 24:47, the curriculum’s Great Commission core statement. Must be rendered verbatim-consistently across every Phase 2 document; combines two Critical terms (repentance, forgiveness) with universal-scope mission language.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
CRITICAL: Never ব্রহ্ম or পরমাত্মা, and never an impersonal ‘active force’ (Jehovah’s Witness New World Translation practice). Personal, divine, active throughout Luke’s infancy narrative, baptism, temptation, Nazareth sermon, prayer teaching, Pentecost promise. Inherited from Romans package.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: দেহধারণ
Transliteration: dehodharon
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: অবতার, দেহ প্রকাশ
Original: (theological name for) the eternal Son taking on human flesh, cf. Luke 1:31-35; 2:1-20
Category: Christology
CRITICAL: NEVER অবতার. Permanent, unique, non-repeatable assumption of human nature via the virginal conception (1:26-38; 2:1-20). Inherited from Romans package.
It Was Necessary Christ Suffer
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্টের কষ্টভোগ করা আবশ্যক ছিল
Transliteration: Khrishter koshtobhog kora aboshyok chilo
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy and the Law
Luke 24:26, the Emmaus-road exposition; corrects a triumphalist-only messianic expectation.
Jesus
Approved rendering: যীশু
Transliteration: Jishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঈসা
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
CRITICAL: Use যীশু. Never ঈসা (Qur’anic/Muslim-idiom name with a distinct, non-divine Christology). Inherited from Romans package.
Justification
Approved rendering: ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া
Transliteration: dharmik bole gonyo howa
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ক্ষমা পাওয়া, পুণ্য লাভ করা
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Compound phrase required. Luke 18:14 narratively enacts this doctrine (the tax collector ‘went down to his house justified’); never abbreviate to ক্ষমা alone. Inherited from Romans package.
Kingdom Within Among
Approved rendering: তোমাদের মধ্যে
Transliteration: tomader moddhe
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Within/Among You
Rejected alternatives: তোমাদের অন্তরে
Original: ἐντὸς ὑμῶν
Category: Kingdom
CRITICAL: Render ‘among you’ (Luke 17:21), NEVER ‘within you’ (তোমাদের অন্তরে), which would import an Advaita Vedanta ātman-within-every-soul reading incompatible with the kingdom as Christ’s present, personal, historical reign.
Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: provu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Exclusive, supreme Lordship, including in the Psalm 110 riddle (Luke 20:41-44, David’s son is also David’s Lord). Never যিহোবা (Jehovah’s Witness New World Translation practice, rejected). Inherited from Romans package.
Messiah
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্ট
Transliteration: Khrishto
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: মশীহ, অবতার পুরুষ
CRITICAL: Use খ্রীষ্ট. মশীহ reserved only for explicitly Muslim-outreach material with framing. Root of anoint (অভিষেক, χρίω). Inherited from Romans package.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: নতুন নিয়ম
Transliteration: notun niyom
Doctrine: New Covenant and the Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি
Original: ἡ καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Christology
Builds directly on the baseline covenant term নিয়ম. Luke 22:20. Never চুক্তি (mere commercial contract).
Not My Will But Yours
Approved rendering: তোমার ইচ্ছাই পূর্ণ হোক
Transliteration: tomar icchai purno hok
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Gethsemane’s model of submissive dependence (22:42); locked for verbatim reuse. Must read as personal trust in a Father, never fatalistic resignation (ভাগ্যে যা আছে).
Overshadow
Approved rendering: ছায়া দেবেন / আচ্ছাদন করবেন
Transliteration: chaya debe / acchadon korbe
Doctrine: Holy Spirit’s Work / Virginal Conception and the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: দেহ মিলন (bodily union), অবতরণ করবেন (physical descent)
Original: ἐπισκιάζω
Category: Christology
The Spirit’s creative, non-sexual, non-repeatable enveloping presence at the virginal conception (Luke 1:35). Must not read as a deity’s physical visitation, echoing Puranic god-human union narratives, nor as অবতার-style descent.
Power From On High
Approved rendering: ঊর্ধ্ব হইতে সামর্থ্য
Transliteration: urdho hoite shamorthyo
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Built on the baseline-locked সামর্থ্য root; the Pentecost promise (24:49). Never শক্তি.
Redemption
Approved rendering: উদ্ধার
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি
Original: λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
Deliverance by ransom-price/rescue-intervention (1:68; 2:38; 21:28). Never মুক্তি, for the identical moksha/rebirth-cycle collision reason মুক্তি is forbidden for ‘salvation.‘
Release To Captives
Approved rendering: মুক্তি
Transliteration: mukti
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor / ἄφεσις Crux
Rejected alternatives: পাপের ক্ষমা (wrong sense for this occurrence)
Original: ἄφεσις (in the sense of Luke 4:18, ‘release to the captives’)
Category: Salvation
PERMITTED ONLY at Luke 4:18 in the narrow, non-soteriological, physical/social-liberation sense of ἄφεσις quoting Isaiah 61. Must never be used for the sin-forgiveness sense (see forgiveness_of_sins). Mandatory theologian flag at every occurrence of ἄφεσις across the whole Gospel confirming which sense is active before this rendering is used.
Repentance
Approved rendering: মন-পরিবর্তন
Transliteration: mon-poriborton
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: অনুতাপ (alone), প্রায়শ্চিত্ত
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: Never প্রায়শ্চিত্ত (Hindu/Sanskritic ritual expiatory penance discharging karmic debt) and never bare অনুতাপ (mere emotional regret). Defines John’s baptism (3:3,8), Jesus’ call (5:32), the universal warning of 13:1-5, heaven’s joy (15:7,10), the Great Commission (24:47).
Resurrection
Approved rendering: পুনরুত্থান
Transliteration: punorutthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম, পুনর্জীবন
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Christology
CRITICAL: NEVER পুনর্জন্ম. Bodily, historical, once-for-all; Luke 9:22, 20:34-38, 24:1-53. Also distinguished from the Islamic denial that Jesus died on the cross at all. Inherited from Romans package.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, পুণ্য, ন্যায়
CRITICAL: NEVER ধর্ম. Reserved exclusively for forensic right-standing before God; kept distinct from Luke’s new righteousness_conduct entry (দীকাইওস adjective, 1:6; 2:25; 23:47,50), which must use a different word-family. Inherited from Romans package.
Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণ
Transliteration: poritran
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: NEVER মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, or নাজাত. Announced in the Benedictus (1:69,71,77), to shepherds (2:30), programmatically (3:6), climactically at Zacchaeus’s house (19:9). Root for new coinage savior (পরিত্রাতা). Inherited from Romans package.
Savior
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাতা
Transliteration: poritrata
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Rejected alternatives: ত্রাণকর্তা (inconsistent alternative), avatar-style periodic-rescuer framing
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
New coinage built on the পরিত্রাণ root, announced to shepherds — low-status night laborers, the Gospel’s first evangelistic audience (Luke 2:11). Must never be read as one rescuer among several periodically-descending figures.
Seek And Save Lost
Approved rendering: মনুষ্যপুত্র হারানো মানুষদের খুঁজে বের করে পরিত্রাণ করতে এসেছেন
Transliteration: manushyoputro harano manushder khuje ber kore poritran korte esechen
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins / Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Luke 19:10, Jesus’ explicit mission statement after Zacchaeus’s repentance; thematic summary of the whole Gospel.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পুত্র
Transliteration: Ishshorer Putro
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: দেবপুত্র, ঈশ্বরের অংশ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
CRITICAL: Full phrase required. Declared at the annunciation (1:32,35), genealogy (3:38), baptism (3:22), temptation (4:3,9,41), Transfiguration (9:35). Translator note on relational/eternal (not biological) Sonship required for Muslim-background readers. Inherited from Romans package.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: মনুষ্যপুত্র
Transliteration: manushyoputro
Doctrine: Son of Man as Christological Title
Rejected alternatives: আমি (bare self-reference), এই মানুষ
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
Jesus’ preferred self-designation, drawing on Daniel 7. Must simultaneously preserve the humble/human sense and the exalted eschatological-judge sense; occurs 20+ times (5:24; 9:22,26,44,56,58; 12:8,10,40; 19:10; 21:27,36; 22:69; 24:7). Must never be flattened to a generic idiom for ‘a person.‘
Spirit Of The Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভুর আত্মা
Transliteration: provur attha
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Original: Πνεῦμα Κυρίου
Category: God
Combines the reused প্রভু and the Holy Spirit’s implied root; quotes Isaiah 61 in the core passage (Luke 4:18). Must never be rendered with an impersonal-force term.
Today Salvation House
Approved rendering: আজ এই বাড়িতে পরিত্রাণ এসেছে
Transliteration: aj ei barite poritran esheche
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Luke 19:9, echoing and fulfilling the ‘today’ pattern from 2:11 and 4:21.
Who Can Be Saved
Approved rendering: কে পরিত্রাণ পেতে পারে?
Transliteration: ke poritran pete pare?
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations / Salvation
Luke 18:26, raised starkly by the rich young ruler episode against wealth as an obstacle to entering the kingdom.
High Risk Terms
Acceptable Year Of The Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভুর গ্রহণযোগ্য বছর
Transliteration: provur grohonjoggo bochor
Doctrine: The Acceptable Year of the Lord (Jubilee Background)
Rejected alternatives: শুভ বছর (generic auspicious-year)
Original: ἐνιαυτὸς Κυρίου δεκτός
Category: Kingdom
Alludes to the Jubilee year of Leviticus 25 (Luke 4:19). Requires a mandatory explanatory note; without it, risks being heard as a generic almanac ‘auspicious year.‘
Anoint
Approved rendering: অভিষেক করা
Transliteration: obhishek kora
Doctrine: Messianic Anointing of Jesus
Original: χρίω
Category: Christology
No safer Bengali alternative exists. Collides with Hindu ritual idol-bathing (দেব-অভিষেক) and royal coronation (রাজ-অভিষেক). Must always co-occur in context with প্রভুর আত্মা and খ্রীষ্ট (Luke 4:18) to disambiguate. Root of খ্রীষ্ট itself.
Authority
Approved rendering: কর্তৃত্ব
Transliteration: kortritto
Doctrine: Authority of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ক্ষমতা (secular/political)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology
Jesus’ delegated, relational-moral right to teach, heal, exorcise, forgive sins (4:32,36; 5:24; 9:1; 20:1-8), recognized by crowds and demons alike. ক্ষমতা reads as secular/political power and is rejected.
Blessed
Approved rendering: ধন্য
Transliteration: dhonyo
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Rejected alternatives: সুখী
Original: μακάριος
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Divine favor/commendation pronounced unqualified on the poor, hungry, weeping, hated (6:20-22). Must not collapse into সুখী (subjective happiness).
Called
Approved rendering: আহুত
Transliteration: ahuto
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: আমন্ত্রিত, নিমন্ত্রিত
Context-sensitive across discipleship-calling, sainthood, and effectual-salvation senses; see Luke 5:27-32 (Levi’s calling). Inherited from Romans package.
Calling
Approved rendering: আহ্বান
Transliteration: ahban
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Noun form for the act or state of being called by God. Inherited from Romans package.
Compassion
Approved rendering: করুণা
Transliteration: koruna
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion
Rejected alternatives: দয়া (too passive)
Original: σπλαγχνίζομαι
Category: Compassion and Fellowship
Visceral, gut-level pity leading to decisive action (widow of Nain 7:13; Good Samaritan 10:33; prodigal’s father 15:20). করুণা is also central to Buddhist karuṇā vocabulary; native-speaker review required to confirm active, particular, relational sense, not detached meditative compassion.
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
Relational covenant bond; invoked in Zechariah’s song (1:72) and reinterpreted at the Last Supper (22:20, see new_covenant). Never চুক্তি. Inherited from Romans package.
Cross
Approved rendering: ক্রুশ
Transliteration: krush
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: যাতনা-স্তম্ভ (Jehovah’s Witness ‘torture stake’ euphemism)
Original: σταυρός
Category: Discipleship
‘Take up his cross daily’ (9:23; 14:27). Established Christian loanword, low collision risk, high doctrinal weight. Never substitute a ‘stake’ euphemism.
Demon Unclean Spirit
Approved rendering: অপবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: opobitro attha
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Deliverance
Rejected alternatives: ভূত
Original: δαιμόνιον / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον
Category: Spiritual Beings
A malevolent personal being subject to Jesus’ authority (4:33-41; 8:2,27-33; 9:1,42; 11:14-26). Never ভূত (folk-ghost/bhoot-pretha and jinn-adjacent framework). Deliberately mirrors and contrasts with পবিত্র আত্মা.
Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাস
Transliteration: bishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ঈমান, শ্রদ্ধা
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Personal trust in Jesus specifically, commended across ethnic/social boundaries in Luke (7:9 Gentile centurion; 7:50; 8:48; 17:19; 18:42). Inherited from Romans package.
Favored One
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহপ্রাপ্তা
Transliteration: onugroho-prapta
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: স্নেহধন্যা
Original: κεχαριτωμένη
Category: Salvation
Gabriel’s address to Mary (κεχαριτωμένη, Luke 1:28), built on the grace root, not a separate word. Must not imply Mary possesses independent merit or intercessory power, guarding against a bhakti-style devotional reading of a semi-divine figure.
Follow
Approved rendering: অনুসরণ করা
Transliteration: onushoron kora
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Original: ἀκολουθέω
Category: Discipleship
‘Follow me,’ escalated to daily cross-bearing (9:23; 5:11,27-28; 18:22,28; 9:57-62); sustained committed accompaniment, not casual admiration.
Fulfilled
Approved rendering: পূর্ণ হয়েছে
Transliteration: purno hoyeche
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy and the Law
Rejected alternatives: ঘটেছে (generic ‘happened’)
Original: πληρόω
Category: Kingdom
Accomplishment/completion of previously spoken promise (4:21; 24:44). Must convey linear, once-for-all historical accomplishment, not a cyclical yuga-repetition.
Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Angelic doxology (2:9,14); Transfiguration’s unveiling of Jesus’ divine glory (9:32). Inherited from Romans package.
Gospel
Approved rendering: সুসমাচার
Transliteration: susomachar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: খুশ খবর, ইঞ্জিল
Original: εὐαγγελίζομαι / εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Established Bengali Christian term (“good news”). ইঞ্জিল is the Qur’anic/Muslim-idiom term for a presumed lost scripture and is rejected. Verb form (εὐαγγελίζομαι, e.g. Luke 4:18, 7:22, 9:6, 20:1) rendered সুসমাচার প্রচার করা. Inherited from Romans package.
Grace
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: anugroho
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা, পুণ্য, ভাগ্য
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Unmerited favor apart from human merit. পুণ্য (accumulated religious merit) directly contradicts this. Underlies Luke’s favored_one (1:28) coinage. Inherited from Romans package.
Hades Intermediate State
Approved rendering: পাতাল / নরক (bounded use)
Transliteration: patal / norok
Doctrine: Assurance of Paradise
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম-চক্র ভিত্তিক অন্তর্বর্তী অবস্থা
UNRESOLVED GAP flagged for dedicated theologian ruling before Phase 2 processing of Luke 16:22-23 (Rich Man and Lazarus). No baseline precedent exists. Must preserve conscious, personal post-mortem accountability; must never import karma-cycle framing or a cyclical intermediate-heaven/hell cosmology.
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Set apart for God and morally pure; root of পবিত্র আত্মা (Holy Spirit) and অপবিত্র আত্মা (unclean spirit, deliberate Lukan contrast). Inherited from Romans package.
House Of Prayer
Approved rendering: প্রার্থনার ঘর
Transliteration: prarthonar ghor
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: οἶκος προσευχῆς
Category: Prayer
‘My house shall be a house of prayer’ (19:46); ties the prayer doctrine to right worship against commercial corruption.
Law
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
The Mosaic Law, honored in Jesus’ own synagogue practice (4:16) and cited by scribes/lawyers (10:25-26; 16:16-17). Inherited from Romans package.
Light For Gentiles
Approved rendering: পরজাতিদের প্রকাশের জ্যোতি
Transliteration: porojatider prokasher joti
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Simeon’s prophecy (2:32); জ্যোতি used narrowly as ‘light’ here, not as a rendering of God’s glory (see glory entry).
Lost
Approved rendering: হারানো
Transliteration: harano
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἀπολωλός (perfect participle of ἀπόλλυμι)
Category: Salvation
The state Jesus actively seeks and reverses — lost sheep/coin/son (ch.15), summarized as his mission at 19:10. Must always be paired with active divine-seeking verbs to avoid a fatalistic/karmic overtone.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ভালোবাসা
Transliteration: bhalobasha
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion and Table Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: প্রেম
Original: ἀγαπάω / ἀγάπη
Category: Compassion and Fellowship
Self-giving, willed love independent of the object’s worthiness (6:27,32,35; 7:47; 10:27). প্রেম carries strong Vaishnava bhakti romantic-devotional connotations (Radha-Krishna prem) and is forbidden for agape contexts.
Mercy
Approved rendering: দয়া
Transliteration: doya
Doctrine: The Mercy Ethic of the Good Samaritan
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Compassion and Fellowship
God’s covenant faithfulness in action (1:50,54,58,72,78) and active, embodied deed (‘go and do likewise,’ 10:37; 18:38-39). Must not be read as passive sentiment only.
Paradise
Approved rendering: পরমদেশ
Transliteration: poromdesh
Doctrine: Assurance of Paradise
Rejected alternatives: স্বর্গ (generic, Hindu svarga collision), জান্নাত (Muslim-outreach only)
Original: παράδεισος
Category: Christology
Distinct from generic স্বর্গ (Hindu svarga: temporary, merit-exhausted, followed by rebirth) and from জান্নাত (denies the crucifixion this promise depends on). Luke 23:43. Comma placement must preserve the immediate-presence reading, never the Jehovah’s Witness deferred-entry reading.
Poor
Approved rendering: দরিদ্র
Transliteration: doridro
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Rejected alternatives: দরিদ্র আত্মিক অর্থে (spiritualized ‘poor in spirit’)
Original: πτωχός
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Utter economic destitution and social powerlessness; primary addressees of the gospel (4:18; 6:20; 7:22; 14:13,21; 16:20,22). Luke deliberately omits Matthew’s ‘poor in spirit’; must remain unqualified.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer shamorthyo
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: δύναμις (θεοῦ) / ἐξ ὕψους
Category: God
NEVER শক্তি (Shakta-Hindu goddess-power association). Root for the new coinage power_from_on_high (24:49). Inherited from Romans package.
Prayer
Approved rendering: প্রার্থনা
Transliteration: prarthona
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Rejected alternatives: পূজা
Original: προσευχή / προσεύχομαι
Category: Prayer
Address to God in petition, praise, dependence, structuring Luke’s narrative at every turning point. Must never be conflated with পূজা (ritual worship of an image/deity).
Saints
Approved rendering: পবিত্র লোক
Transliteration: pobitro lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: সাধু, সাধুগণ
Every ordinary believer, not an ascetic elite; সাধু evokes a Hindu/Jain wandering renunciate. Inherited from Romans package.
Scripture
Approved rendering: শাস্ত্র / পবিত্রশাস্ত্র
Transliteration: shastro / pobitroshastro
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy and the Law
Original: γραφή
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
The written, inspired text Jesus reads and declares fulfilled (4:21) and expounds after the resurrection (24:27,32,45); distinguished from Qur’anic verbal dictation and Hindu shruti.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: দায়ূদের বংশ
Transliteration: Dayuder bongsho
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Root for the new Lukan title son_of_david (দায়ূদের পুত্র). Inherited from Romans package.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Moral transgression before a personal God; root of পাপী (sinner) and পাপের ক্ষমা (forgiveness of sins). Inherited from Romans package.
Sinner
Approved rendering: পাপী
Transliteration: papi
Doctrine: Table Fellowship with Sinners
Original: ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Social label for the morally suspect/religiously written-off, deliberately welcomed by Jesus (5:30,32; 7:34,37,39; 15:1-2,7,10; 18:13; 19:7). Consistent with baseline পাপ.
Son Of David
Approved rendering: দায়ূদের পুত্র
Transliteration: Dayuder Putro
Doctrine: Davidic Messianic Promise
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
Builds on the baseline seed_of_david root. Cried out by blind Bartimaeus (18:38-39); probed in the Psalm 110 riddle (20:41-44).
Table Fellowship
Approved rendering: সহভোজ করা
Transliteration: shohobhoj kora
Doctrine: Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: একসাথে খাওয়া (too casual)
Original: συνεσθίω
Category: Compassion and Fellowship
New coinage; Jesus’ deliberate, honor-conferring inclusion of the socially disgraced at his own table (5:29-30; 7:36-50; 15:2; 19:5-7; 22:14-20). Countercultural against caste-commensality and honor-shame norms; must not be flattened to casual socializing.
Tender Mercy
Approved rendering: করুণা
Transliteration: koruna
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion
σπλάγχνα ἐλέους (Luke 1:78), the Benedictus’s ground of all salvation history in God’s visceral compassion, not obligation; shares the করুণা root with compassion — see full entry there for Buddhist-karuṇā fencing note.
Today Fulfillment
Approved rendering: আজ
Transliteration: aj
Doctrine: Inaugurated Fulfillment
Rejected alternatives: এখন, এই দিনগুলোতে (vague ‘these days’)
Original: σήμερον
Category: Kingdom
Repeated marker of the kingdom’s inaugurated, present-tense arrival at decisive moments (2:11; 4:21; 19:9; 23:43). Never softened to a vague temporal phrase.
Universal Scope Phrase
Approved rendering: সকলে পরিত্রাণ পেতে পারে
Transliteration: shokole poritran pete pare
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Covers 3:6 and 18:26-27’s universal-scope statements; must never be qualified with implicit social or communal-identity exceptions.
Medium Risk Terms
Abba
Approved rendering: আব্বা
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Preserve the Aramaic transliteration; lands with added warmth for Bengali Muslim-background readers, for whom আব্বা is already the everyday word for father. Inherited from Romans package.
Apostle
Approved rendering: প্রেরিত
Transliteration: prerito
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: দূত, বার্তাবাহক
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Discipleship
The Twelve formally designated (Luke 6:13; 9:10; 22:14) and commissioned (24:10). Inherited from Romans package.
Baptism
Approved rendering: বাপ্তিস্ম
Transliteration: baptismo
Doctrine: Repentance and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: βάπτισμα
Category: General
John’s baptism of repentance (3:3) and Jesus’ own baptism (3:21-22); established Christian-specific term, distinct from generic ritual purification bathing.
Captives
Approved rendering: বন্দি
Transliteration: bondi
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor / ἄφεσις Crux
Original: αἰχμάλωτος
Category: Poor and Marginalized
War captives/prisoners in Isaiah’s original sense, extended typologically to bondage under sin, sickness, demonic oppression (4:18).
Counting The Cost
Approved rendering: মূল্য বিচার করা
Transliteration: mullo bichar kora
Doctrine: The Cost and Joy of Discipleship
Internal teaching-material coinage for the tower-builder/warring-king parables (14:28-33); not a fixed Scripture-text rendering.
Daily Bread
Approved rendering: দৈনিক আহার
Transliteration: doinik ahar
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: ὁ ἄρτος ὁ ἐπιούσιος
Category: Prayer
Prayerful daily dependence in the Lord’s Prayer (11:3); must convey subsistence, not accumulation.
David
Approved rendering: দায়ূদ
Transliteration: Dayud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
Royal ancestor through whom the Messiah was promised (1:27,32,69; 2:4,11; 3:31; 18:38-39; 20:41-44). Inherited from Romans package.
Devil
Approved rendering: দিয়াবল / শয়তান
Transliteration: diyabol / shoytan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Deliverance
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Beings
The personal tempter (4:2-13) who enters Judas (22:3); distinct from impersonal cosmic evil-forces of some folk traditions.
Divine Visitation
Approved rendering: পরিদর্শন করা / সাক্ষাৎ করতে এসেছেন
Transliteration: poridorshon kora / shakkhat korte esechen
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
ἐπισκέπτομαι, ‘he has visited and redeemed his people’ (1:68); God’s personal, historical, redemptive intervention, not a casual visit.
Fasting
Approved rendering: উপবাস
Transliteration: upobash
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
Original: νηστεία / νηστεύω
Category: General
Voluntary spiritual discipline (2:37; 5:33-35; 18:12); neutral, pan-religious term, must not carry a merit-earning implication.
Finger Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের ক্ষমতা/সামর্থ্য দ্বারা
Transliteration: Ishshorer khomota/shamorthyo dara
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Deliverance
Rejected alternatives: ঈশ্বরের অঙ্গুলি (literal calque), শক্তি
δάκτυλος θεοῦ, idiom for direct divine agency (11:20); render by meaning rather than a literal ‘finger’ calque, and never শক্তি.
Foreigner
Approved rendering: ভিন্নজাতীয়
Transliteration: bhinnojatiyo
Doctrine: Jesus as Savior for All Nations
Original: ἀλλογενής
Category: Poor and Marginalized
The Samaritan leper, pointedly called ‘this foreigner’ (17:18); reinforces universal-scope themes.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: পরজাতি
Transliteration: porojati
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Object of Simeon’s prophecy (2:32), the Great Commission (24:47), eschatological hope (21:24). Inherited from Romans package.
Good Will Favor
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের প্রীতি / অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: Ishshorer priti / onugroho
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
Rejected alternatives: সদিচ্ছা (shifts agency to humans)
εὐδοκία (Luke 2:14): peace announced to those on whom God’s favor rests, not universal automatic peace or human niceness.
Hand Over Betray
Approved rendering: সমর্পণ করা / ধরিয়ে দেওয়া
Transliteration: shomorpon kora / dhoriye dewa
Doctrine: Historicity of the Crucifixion
παραδίδωμι describes both Judas’s treacherous betrayal and the Father’s/Jesus’ willing self-giving (23:46); context must distinguish the two senses.
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
The covenant people, object of Zechariah’s and Simeon’s hope (1:68; 2:32,34). Inherited from Romans package.
Joy
Approved rendering: আনন্দ
Transliteration: anondo
Doctrine: The Joy of Discipleship
Original: χαρά
Category: General
Emotional/theological climax of the lost-and-found parables (15:7,10,32), Zacchaeus (19:6), and the Gospel’s close (24:41,52); must stay tied to salvation/kingdom joy, not generic happiness.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer Rajyo
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ঈশ্বরের দেশ
Original: ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
God’s sovereign reign, present and future, never a territorial/political kingdom; Luke 4:43; 8:1; 9:2; 10:9-11; 13:18-21; 17:20-21; 21:31; 22:16-18. Inherited from Romans package.
Mammon
Approved rendering: ধন-সম্পদ
Transliteration: dhon-shompod
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Rejected alternatives: ধন-দেবতা (over-interpretive personification)
Original: μαμωνᾶς
Category: General
Wealth personified as a rival master (16:9,11,13); prefer a descriptive rendering with a personification note over inventing a false wealth-deity collision with Hindu Lakshmi devotion.
Merciful
Approved rendering: দয়ালু
Transliteration: doyalu
Doctrine: Jesus’ Compassion
Original: οἰκτίρμων
Category: Compassion and Fellowship
‘Be merciful, as your Father is merciful’ (6:36).
Mission
Approved rendering: সুসমাচার প্রচার
Transliteration: susomachar prochar
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Use witness/proclamation language, not confrontational language, given social sensitivity in Bangladesh/West Bengal (9:1-6; 10:1-16; 24:46-49). Inherited from Romans package.
Mystery
Approved rendering: ভেদ / গোপন সত্য
Transliteration: bhed / gopon sotyo
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: μυστήριον
Category: General
‘The secrets of the kingdom’ (8:10), graciously revealed truth given to disciples, not an attained gnosis; must not read as a Tantric or Sufi esoteric initiatory secret.
Opened Eyes And Mind
Approved rendering: চোখ/মন খুলে দেওয়া
Transliteration: chokh/mon khule dewa
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy and the Law
διανοίγω, the Spirit-enabled opening of perception at Emmaus (24:31,45), both of recognition and of Scripture-understanding.
Oppressed
Approved rendering: নিপীড়িত
Transliteration: nipirito
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Original: θραύω (perf. pass. τεθραυσμένοι)
Category: Poor and Marginalized
The socially/physically crushed, named in the Isaiah citation (4:18).
Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Relational peace with God; appears at Luke 1:79, 2:14, 7:50, 8:48, 19:42, 24:36. Inherited from Romans package.
Rich
Approved rendering: ধনী
Transliteration: dhoni
Doctrine: Eschatological Reversal of Rich and Poor
Original: πλούσιος
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Subject of the sermon’s woes (6:24), the rich fool (12:16), Lazarus’s rich man (16:19-31), the rich young ruler (18:23-25).
Righteousness Conduct
Approved rendering: ন্যায়পরায়ণ / সৎ
Transliteration: nyayporayon / shot
Doctrine: Faith (conduct)
Rejected alternatives: ধার্মিকতা
Original: δίκαιος
Category: Faith
The adjective δίκαιος (Zechariah/Elizabeth 1:6; Simeon 2:25; centurion’s verdict 23:47; Joseph of Arimathea 23:50) describing upright conduct, deliberately a different word-family from ধার্মিকতা to avoid collapsing lived moral conduct into the forensic justification doctrine.
Samaritan
Approved rendering: শমরীয়
Transliteration: Shomoriyo
Doctrine: The Mercy Ethic of the Good Samaritan
Original: Σαμαρίτης
Category: Poor and Marginalized
A despised ethnic-religious outsider cast repeatedly as a positive figure (10:33; 17:16). Primarily a background-knowledge gap; recommend a short note on Jewish-Samaritan hostility.
Steward
Approved rendering: গৃহকর্তা / ভাণ্ডারী
Transliteration: grihokorta / bhandari
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Original: οἰκονόμος
Category: General
Household manager entrusted with an owner’s resources (12:42; 16:1-8).
Taken Up Ascension
Approved rendering: ঊর্ধ্বে উত্থিত হলেন
Transliteration: urdhogomon
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit’s Work in Salvation History
ἀνελήμφθη, Jesus’ bodily ascension (24:51), an established Christian theological term with minimal collision risk.
Tax Collector
Approved rendering: কর আদায়কারী
Transliteration: kor adaykari
Doctrine: Table Fellowship with Sinners
Rejected alternatives: নিরপেক্ষ সরকারি কর্মচারী (neutral civil-servant framing)
Original: τελώνης
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Socially despised Roman tax/toll contractor (3:12; 5:27-32; 7:29,34; 15:1; 18:10-14; 19:1-10). Must retain the collaborator-stigma force, not a modern neutral civil-service image.
Temptation
Approved rendering: পরীক্ষা
Transliteration: porikkha
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Deliverance
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য পরীক্ষা (fatalistic ‘trial by destiny’)
Original: πειρασμός
Category: Spiritual Beings
Moral testing, both Jesus’ wilderness trial (4:1-13) and the disciples’ (22:40,46).
Widow
Approved rendering: বিধবা
Transliteration: bidhoba
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Original: χήρα
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Socially/economically vulnerable figure — widow of Nain (7:12), persistent widow (18:1-8), widow’s offering (21:1-4).
Woe
Approved rendering: ধিক্
Transliteration: dhik
Doctrine: Eschatological Reversal of Rich and Poor
Rejected alternatives: অভিশাপ
Original: οὐαί
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Prophetic lament/warning on the rich, full, laughing, well-regarded (6:24-26). অভিশাপ would import occult folk-curse connotations foreign to the text.
Worry Anxiety
Approved rendering: দুশ্চিন্তা করা
Transliteration: dushchinta kora
Doctrine: Prayer and Dependence on God
μεριμνάω, ‘do not be anxious about your life’ (12:22-31), grounded in the Father’s providential care.
Low Risk Terms
Blind
Approved rendering: অন্ধ
Transliteration: ondho
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
Original: τυφλός
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Physical blindness healed as a sign of the inaugurated kingdom (4:18; 7:21-22; 18:35-43).
Covetousness
Approved rendering: লোভ
Transliteration: lobh
Doctrine: Good News to the Poor
πλεονεξία, the rich fool parable’s target vice (12:15).
Narrow Door
Approved rendering: সরু দরজা
Transliteration: shoru dorja
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Low lexical risk but doctrinally tied to the universal-scope/no-distinction theme: entry requires decisive, urgent effort, not presumed communal/ethnic membership (13:22-30).
Neighbor
Approved rendering: প্রতিবেশী
Transliteration: protibeshi
Doctrine: The Mercy Ethic of the Good Samaritan
Original: πλησίον
Category: Poor and Marginalized
Low term-collision risk but high doctrinal weight given the parable’s use of a despised outsider as moral exemplar (10:27,29,36).
Parable
Approved rendering: দৃষ্টান্ত
Transliteration: drishtanto
Doctrine: The Kingdom of God Present and Future
Original: παραβολή
Category: General
Jesus’ primary kingdom-teaching mode throughout Luke.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ভাববাণী
Transliteration: bhabbani
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: গণনা
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
The category Isaiah’s scroll belongs to (4:17); unpacked at the Emmaus road (24:25-27,44-47). Inherited from Romans package.
Prophet
Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: bhabbadi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
Applied to John (1:76), rejected in his hometown of Jesus (4:24), affirmed of Jesus (7:16,26,39; 24:19). Inherited from Romans package.
Sabbath
Approved rendering: বিশ্রামবার
Transliteration: bishrambar
Doctrine: Sabbath Controversies and the Lordship of Christ
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
Setting for Jesus’ custom synagogue attendance (4:16) and repeated Sabbath-healing controversies (6:1-11; 13:10-16; 14:1-6).
Synagogue
Approved rendering: সমাজগৃহ
Transliteration: shomajgriho
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy and the Law
Rejected alternatives: সিনাগগ (transliterated loanword)
Original: συναγωγή
Category: Covenant and Prophecy
Preferred over a transliterated loanword for transparency to readers unfamiliar with ‘synagogue’ (4:16-28; 6:6; 7:5; 8:41; 13:10).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ধন্যবাদ
Transliteration: dhonnobad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Standard term; Luke 2:38, 17:16, 18:43, 24:53. Inherited from Romans package.
Referenced passages