Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Ephesians — English → Bengali
This glossary lists every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning Ephesians 1-6. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and MUST use the exact recorded rendering; new terms specific to Ephesians are marked [NEW] and are proposed here for addition to translation_memory.json in Phase 2, pending theologian sign-off on Critical/High items per the escalation rules in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Section 1 — Baseline Terms Reused in Ephesians
| Term (EN) | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Citation(s) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ঈশ্বর | Ishshor | Critical | God | 1:2-3,17; 2:4,8,10,19; 3:9,14; 4:6,24,32; 5:1,5,20; 6:6,13,17,23 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Jesus | যীশু | Jishu | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:1,15; 2:6,7,10,13,20; 3:1,6,9,11,21; 4:21; 5:20 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Christ / Messiah | খ্রীষ্ট | Khrishto | Critical | Messianic Promise / Deity of Christ | throughout | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Lord | প্রভু | Provu | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:2-3,15,17; 4:1,5,17; 5:8,10,17,19-20,22; 6:1,4,7-8,9,10,21,23-24 | [BASELINE REUSE] (see also 6:5-9 note in Section 8 re: human “masters”) |
| Holy Spirit | পবিত্র আত্মা | Pobitro Attha | Critical | Sanctification / Personhood of the Spirit | 1:13; 2:18,22; 3:5,16; 4:3,4,30; 5:18; 6:17-18 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Father | পিতা | Pita | Critical | Adoption into God’s Family | 1:2,3,17; 2:18; 3:14; 4:6; 5:20; 6:23 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| grace | অনুগ্রহ | anugroho | High | Grace | 1:2,6-7; 2:5,7-8; 3:2,7-8; 4:7,29; 6:24 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| faith | বিশ্বাস | bishwas | High | Faith | 1:15; 2:8; 3:12,17; 4:5,13; 6:16,23 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| salvation / saved | পরিত্রাণ | poritran | Critical | Salvation | 1:13; 2:5,8; 6:17 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| holy | পবিত্র | pobitro | High | Sanctification | 1:1,4,15; 2:19,21; 3:5,8,18; 4:12,24,30; 5:3,27 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| saints | পবিত্র লোক | pobitro lok | High | Sainthood | 1:1,15,18; 2:19; 3:8,18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| sanctification | পবিত্রীকরণ | pobitrikoron | High | Sanctification | 5:26 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| adoption | দত্তকপুত্রতা | dattaka-putrota | High | Adoption into God’s Family | 1:5 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| resurrection (root) | পুনরুত্থান | punorutthan | Critical | Resurrection of Christ | 1:20; 2:5-6 (root used for related terms) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| peace | শান্তি | shanti | Medium | Peace with God / Unity | 1:2; 2:14-17; 4:3; 6:15,23 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| spiritual gifts | আত্মিক বর | attik bor | Medium | Gifts for Building Up the Church | 4:7-11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| thanksgiving | ধন্যবাদ | dhonnobad | Low | Thanksgiving | 1:16; 5:4,20 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| fellowship | সহভাগিতা | shohobhagita | Low | Christian Fellowship | 3:9 (κοινωνία-adjacent) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| church | মণ্ডলী | mondoli | Medium | The Church as the Body of Christ | 1:22; 3:10,21; 5:23-25,27,29,32 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| kingdom of God/Christ | ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য / খ্রীষ্টের রাজ্য | Ishshorer Rajyo | Medium | Kingdom Mission | 5:5 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| sin | পাপ | pap | High | Universal Human Accountability | 2:1 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| gentiles | পরজাতি | porojati | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:11; 3:1,6,8; 4:17 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| glory | মহিমা | mohima | High | Deity of Christ / Praise | 1:6,12,14,17-18; 3:13,16,21 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| power of God | ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য | Ishshorer shamorthyo | High | Power of God for Salvation | 1:19; 3:7,16,20 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| apostle | প্রেরিত | prerito | Medium | Apostleship | 1:1; 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| prophet | ভাববাদী | bhabbadi | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| called / calling | আহুত / আহ্বান | ahuto / ahban | High | Divine Calling | 1:18; 4:1,4 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| election | ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন | Ishshorer monownoyon | High | Election and Predestination in Christ | 1:4 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| intercession (prayer) | মধ্যস্থতা | moddhosthota | Medium | Prayer and Intercession | 6:18-20 (adjacent sense) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| mission (gospel proclamation) | সুসমাচার প্রচার | susomachar prochar | Medium | Mission | 3:8; 6:15,19-20 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| gospel | সুসমাচার | susomachar | High | Gospel | 1:13; 3:6; 6:15,19 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| law | ব্যবস্থা | bebostha | High | Household Codes / Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:15 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
Section 2 — New Terms: Salvation by Grace through Faith
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| workmanship | ποίημα | সৃষ্টি | sristi | Critical | কর্ম (rejected — same word as “works,” would erase Paul’s deliberate erga/poiēma contrast and risk implying salvation IS a matter of accumulated deeds) | Hinge term of Eph 2:1-10; must never share a root with “works.” | 2:10 |
| works | ἔργον/ἔργα | কর্ম / কাজ | kormo / kaj | Critical | পুণ্য (rejected — already forbidden by baseline for “grace”; accumulated religious merit) | Direct negation of the basis for salvation; parallels Hindu karma-merit and Islamic weighed-deeds frameworks already flagged in the baseline. | 2:9-10 |
| gift | δῶρον | উপহার | uphar | Medium | দান (rejected — in Bengali Hindu practice, দান is itself a merit-generating religious act, reversing the direction of God’s gift) | Neutral gift-term avoids merit-accounting overtones. | 2:8 |
| mercy | ἔλεος | দয়া | doya | Medium | কৃপা (reserved by baseline for non-soteriological compassion), অনুগ্রহ (reserved for grace/charis) | Distinguish from grace; God’s compassionate disposition prior to the saving act. | 2:4 |
| love (agapē) | ἀγάπη | প্রেম | prem | Medium | — | Established Bengali Bible term despite romantic connotations in general usage; retained for consistency with existing Bible tradition. | 1:4-5; 2:4; 3:17-19; 4:2,15-16; 5:2,25,28,33 |
| dead (spiritually) | νεκρός | মৃত | mrito | Medium | — | Must be understood as total spiritual incapacity, not mere weakness. | 2:1,5 |
| trespass | παράπτωμα | অপরাধ | opporadh | Medium | — | Distinct from পাপ (hamartia) where both occur together (2:1; 1:7; 2:5). | 1:7; 2:1,5 |
| made alive together | συζωοποιέω | সঙ্গে জীবিত করলেন | shonge jibito korlen | High | পুনর্জন্ম (forbidden — reincarnation) | Union-with-Christ regeneration; never rebirth-cycle language. | 2:5 |
| raised together | συνεγείρω | সঙ্গে উত্থাপন করলেন | shonge utthapon korlen | High | পুনর্জন্ম (forbidden) | Shares root with পুনরুত্থান (resurrection). | 2:6 |
| seated together (heavenly places) | συγκαθίζω | সঙ্গে উপবিষ্ট করলেন | shonge upobishto korlen | Medium | — | Present positional privilege in Christ. | 2:6 |
| heavenly places | ἐπουράνιος | স্বর্গীয় স্থান | shorgio sthan | Medium | — | স্বর্গ retains residual Hindu Puranic “temporary paradise” association but is the stabilized Bengali Christian term for “heaven”; always qualify with স্থান/জগত. | 1:3,20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12 |
| riches (of grace) | πλοῦτος | সমৃদ্ধি / ধন | shomriddhi / dhon | Low-Medium | — | — | 1:7,18; 2:7; 3:8,16 |
| kindness | χρηστότης | মঙ্গলভাব / দয়ালুতা | mongolbhab / doyaluta | Low | — | — | 2:7 |
| boast | καυχάομαι | গর্ব করা | gorbo kora | Medium | — | Excludes self-congratulation on religious achievement. | 2:9 |
| create | κτίζω | সৃষ্টি করা | sristi kora | Medium-High | — | Shares root with poiēma (সৃষ্টি) to preserve the creation-imagery link. | 2:10; 3:9; 4:24 |
| good works (fruit, not cause) | ἔργα ἀγαθά | সৎকর্ম | shotkormo | High | — | Sequencing note required: fruit of salvation, never its cause. | 2:10 |
| prepared beforehand | προετοιμάζω | পূর্ব থেকে প্রস্তুত করে রাখলেন | purbo theke prostut kore rakhlen | Medium | — | Echoes predestination vocabulary without fatalism. | 2:10 |
| walk (conduct of life) | περιπατέω | চলা | chola | Medium | — | Figurative; gloss জীবনযাপন করা where needed. | 2:2,10; 4:1,17; 5:2,8,15 |
Section 3 — New Terms: Election and Predestination in Christ
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| predestined / predestination | προορίζω | পূর্বনির্ধারণ | purbo-nirdharon | High | তকদির-style fatalistic phrasing (rejected implicitly — see note) | Distinct from ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন (election); must be framed as relational and loving (“in love he predestined us”), never as impersonal, unappealable fate resembling Islamic taqdir or Hindu bhagya/niyoti. Translator note required at first occurrence. | 1:5,11 |
| will (of God) | θέλημα | ইচ্ছা | iccha | Medium | — | — | 1:1,5,9,11; 5:17; 6:6 |
| purpose | πρόθεσις | উদ্দেশ্য | uddeshyo | Medium | — | — | 1:11; 3:11 |
| foundation of the world (before) | πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου | জগৎ সৃষ্টির পূর্বে | jagot sristir purbe | Low | — | — | 1:4 |
Section 4 — New Terms: The Church as the Body of Christ
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| head | κεφαλή | মস্তক | mostok | High | — | Must convey organic, nourishing, self-giving headship (4:16; 5:29), not mere positional dominance; governs both ecclesiology (1:22) and the household code (5:23). | 1:22; 4:15; 5:23 |
| body | σῶμα | দেহ | deho | Medium | — | Corporate, metaphorical sense (the church) must not be read as mere anatomy. | 1:23; 2:16; 4:4,12,16,25; 5:23,30 |
| fullness | πλήρωμα | পূর্ণতা | purnota | Medium-High | — | Three related senses (1:23; 3:19; 4:13) must share the same root for traceability. | 1:23; 3:19; 4:13 |
| unite / sum up under one head | ἀνακεφαλαιώσασθαι | সবকিছুকে খ্রীষ্টের অধীনে একত্রীভূত করা | shobkichuke Khrishtor odhine ekotribhuto kora | High | — | Cosmic scope; must retain “under one head” sense. | 1:10 |
| equipping | καταρτισμός | সুসজ্জিত/প্রস্তুত করা | sushojjito / prostut kora | Medium | — | Equipping ALL saints, not concentrating ministry in office-holders alone. | 4:12 |
| building up / edification | οἰκοδομή | গড়ে তোলা / উন্নতিসাধন | gore tola / unnotishadhon | Low-Medium | — | Consistent with baseline “mutual edification” doctrine phrase. | 4:12,16,29 |
| unity | ἑνότης | একতা | ekota | High | — | Real, Spirit-given, maintainable unity; not mere tolerance. | 4:3,13 |
| mature manhood / fullness of Christ | μέτρον ἡλικίας τοῦ πληρώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ | খ্রীষ্টের পূর্ণতার পরিমাণ পর্যন্ত পরিপক্বতা | Khrishtor purnotar poriman porjonto poripokkota | Medium-High | — | Shares πλήρωμα root. | 4:13 |
| evangelist | εὐαγγελιστής | সুসমাচার প্রচারক | susomachar prochaork | Low-Medium | — | Built on baseline gospel root. | 4:11 |
| pastor / shepherd | ποιμήν | পালক | palok | Low | — | Established Bengali Christian usage. | 4:11 |
| teacher | διδάσκαλος | শিক্ষক | shikkhok | Low | — | — | 4:11 |
| speaking truth in love | ἀληθεύω ἐν ἀγάπῃ | প্রেমের মধ্যে সত্য বলা | premer moddhe shotto bola | Low-Medium | — | — | 4:15 |
Section 5 — New Terms: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| far off / near | μακράν / ἐγγύς | দূরে / নিকটে | dure / nikote | High | — | Must retain full force of total exclusion transformed into full inclusion. | 2:13,17 |
| blood of Christ | αἷμα Χριστοῦ | খ্রীষ্টের রক্ত | Khrishtor rokto | High | — | Atonement language; escalate to theologian review. | 2:13 |
| enmity | ἔχθρα | শত্রুতা | shotruta | Medium | — | — | 2:14,16 |
| dividing wall | τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ | বিভেদের প্রাচীর | bivedher prachir | High | — | An actual, now-demolished barrier, not a vague “difference.” | 2:14 |
| abolish (the law’s dividing function) | καταργέω | বিলুপ্ত/নিষ্ক্রিয় করা | biloopto / nishkriyo kora | High | — | Care not to imply the whole Mosaic law’s moral witness is erased. | 2:15 |
| one new man / new humanity | εἷς καινὸς ἄνθρωπος | এক নতুন মানুষ | ek notun manush | High | — | A new creation-act, not mere social tolerance. | 2:15 |
| reconcile | ἀποκαταλλάσσω | মিলন সাধন করা / পুনর্মিলন | milon shadhon kora / punormilon | High | সন্ধি (rejected — political/military treaty term, reduces to negotiated truce between equals) | God-initiated, costly reconciliation through the cross alone. | 2:16 |
| access | προσαγωγή | প্রবেশাধিকার | probeshadhikar | High | — | Direct, unmediated access; distinguish from shrine/pir-based intercessory mediation. | 2:18; 3:12 |
| fellow citizens | συμπολῖται | সহনাগরিক | sohonagorik | Medium-High | — | Contemporary citizenship-politics sensitivity in the region; native-speaker review recommended. | 2:19 |
| commonwealth / citizenship | πολιτεία | নাগরিকত্ব | nagoriktto | Medium-High | — | Same political-sensitivity note. | 2:12 |
| household of God (members) | οἰκεῖοι τοῦ θεοῦ | ঈশ্বরের পরিজন | Ishshorer porijon | Medium | — | — | 2:19 |
| cornerstone | ἀκρογωνιαῖος | কোণের প্রধান পাথর | koner prodhan pathor | Medium | — | — | 2:20 |
| foundation | θεμέλιος | ভিত্তি | bhitti | Medium | — | — | 2:20 |
| temple (God’s dwelling) | ναός | মন্দির | mondir | Medium | — | Established Bengali Bible term for the literal Temple; distinct sense from “church” (মণ্ডলী); translator note recommended distinguishing from Hindu image-worship temple. | 2:21 |
| fellow-heir / fellow-member / fellow-partaker | συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος | সহ-উত্তরাধিকারী, একই দেহের সহভাগী, প্রতিশ্রুতির সহভাগী | shoho-uttoradhikari, ekoi deher shohobhagi, protishrutir shohobhagi | High | — | Triple compounding for total, equal co-participation must not be flattened. | 3:6 |
Section 6 — New Terms: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mystery | μυστήριον | নিগূঢ়তত্ত্ব | nigurhotattwo | High | রহস্য (rejected — occult/detective-novel “secret” connotation, opposite of “now openly revealed to all”) | Central Ephesians term; render identically at 1:9, 3:3-9, 5:32, 6:19. | 1:9; 3:3-9; 5:32; 6:19 |
| stewardship / administration | οἰκονομία | ব্যবস্থাপনা | bebosthapona | Medium | — | Keep visually/phonetically distinct from ব্যবস্থা (Law). | 3:2,9 |
| revelation | ἀποκάλυψις | প্রত্যাদেশ | protyadesh | High | — | Distinguish from Islamic waḥy (single dictated revelation); biblical revelation is progressive, through prophets and apostles. | 1:17; 3:3,5 |
| wisdom / insight | σοφία / σύνεσις | প্রজ্ঞা ও বিবেক | proggya o bibek | Medium | — | Spirit-given insight, not worldly cleverness or mystical gnosis. | 1:8,17; 3:10 |
| manifold wisdom | πολυποίκιλος σοφία | বহুবিধ প্রজ্ঞা | bohubidh proggya | Medium | — | — | 3:10 |
| boldness | παρρησία | সাহস | shahos | Medium-High | — | Confidence not earned by merit or ritual purity. | 3:12; 6:19-20 |
| inner man | ἔσω ἄνθρωπος | অন্তরস্থ মানুষ | ontorostho manush | Medium | — | Not the Hindu ātman (pre-existing divine substance); the believer’s spiritual core, strengthened BY the Spirit. | 3:16 |
| rooted and grounded (in love) | ῥιζόω / θεμελιόω | প্রেমে মূলিত ও ভিত্তিস্থাপিত | preme mulito o bhittistapito | Low-Medium | — | — | 3:17 |
Section 7 — New Terms: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ruler of the power of the air | ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος | আকাশের কর্তৃত্বের অধিপতি | akasher kortrittwer odhipoti | High | — | Names the already-defeated Satan (cf. 1:20-22); avoid folk sky-spirit/jinn syncretism. | 2:2 |
| working (of power) | ἐνέργεια | কার্যকারিতা | karjokarita | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | Part of the 1:19-21 power-word cluster; see cluster note. | 1:19; 3:7; 4:16 |
| might / dominion | κράτος | পরাক্রম | porakrom | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | Part of the power-word cluster. | 1:19,21; 6:10 |
| strength / force | ἰσχύς | বল | bol | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | Part of the power-word cluster. | 1:19; 6:10 |
| rule / ruling power | ἀρχή | কর্তৃত্ব | kortritto | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | Cosmic ruling powers subject to Christ. | 1:21; 3:10; 6:12 |
| authority / power to act | ἐξουσία | ক্ষমতা / অধিকার | khomota / odhikar | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | — | 1:21; 2:2; 3:10; 6:12 |
| dominion (rank) | κυριότης | প্রভুত্ব | provuttwo | High | শক্তি (forbidden) | Root-consistent with প্রভু; must not be confused with Christ’s own supreme lordship. | 1:21 |
| [Power-word cluster note] | δύναμις/ἐνέργεια/κράτος/ἰσχύς + ἀρχή/ἐξουσία/κυριότης | (see individual entries) | — | High (cluster) | শক্তι (forbidden throughout) | Eph 1:19-21 piles up seven distinct power/authority terms; none may ever be rendered শক্তি, per the baseline’s Shakta-goddess-power caution, applied here with maximum force. | 1:19-21 |
| rulers, authorities, world-rulers of darkness, spiritual forces of wickedness | ἀρχαί / ἐξουσίαι / κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους / τὰ πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας | কর্তৃত্ব, ক্ষমতা, এই অন্ধকার জগতের শাসকগণ, স্বর্গীয় স্থানের মন্দ আত্মিক কর্তৃত্ব | kortritto, khomota, ei ondhokar jagoter shashokgon, shorgio sthaner mondo attik kortritto | Critical | শক্তি (forbidden — even more forcefully here, since the cluster names EVIL power) | Genuine personal spiritual opposition; must not be softened to metaphor NOR invite folk-exorcism/tantric counter-ritual practice. Theologian review mandatory. | 6:12 |
| wrestle / struggle | πάλη | সংগ্রাম / মল্লযুদ্ধ | shongram / mollojuddho | Medium | — | — | 6:12 |
| whole armor of God | πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ | ঈশ্বরের সম্পূর্ণ যুদ্ধসজ্জা | Ishshorer shompurno juddhosajja | Medium-High | — | Risk of confusion with protective amulets/taveez/tantric charms; translator note required — names virtues/disciplines, not a magical object. | 6:11,13 |
| belt of truth | ζώνη τῆς ἀληθείας | সত্যের কটিবন্ধ | shotter kotibondho | Low | — | — | 6:14 |
| breastplate of righteousness | θώραξ τῆς δικαιοσύνης | ধার্মিকতার বুকপাটা | dharmikotar bukpata | Critical (via reused term) | ধর্ম (forbidden, baseline) | Righteousness = [BASELINE REUSE] ধार्মিকতা. | 6:14 |
| shoes / gospel of peace | ὑπόδημα τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης | শান্তির সুসমাচারের পাদুকা | shanti-r susomacharer paduka | Medium (via reused terms) | — | — | 6:15 |
| shield of faith | θυρεός τῆς πίστεως | বিশ্বাসের ঢাল | bishwasher dhal | High (via reused term) | — | Faith = [BASELINE REUSE] বিশ্বাস. | 6:16 |
| helmet of salvation | περικεφαλαία τοῦ σωτηρίου | পরিত্রাণের শিরস্ত্রাণ | poritraner shirostran | Critical (via reused term) | মুক্তি/মোক্ষ/নাজাত (forbidden, baseline) | Salvation = [BASELINE REUSE] পরিত্রাণ. | 6:17 |
| sword of the Spirit / word of God | μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος, ῥῆμα Θεοῦ | পবিত্র আত্মার তরবারি, যা ঈশ্বরের বাক্য | Pobitro Atmar torbari, ja Ishshorer bakyo | High (via reused term) | — | The only offensive weapon in the list. | 6:17 |
| schemes / wiles (of the devil) | μεθοδεία | কৌশল | koushol | Medium | — | — | 6:11 |
| devil | διάβολος | দিয়াবল | diyabol | Low-Medium | — | শয়তান/দিয়াবল are already common shared Bengali vocabulary across religious communities, not exclusively Islamic-flagged terms. | 6:11 |
| evil day | ἡμέρα τῇ πονηρᾷ | মন্দ দিন | mondo din | Low-Medium | — | — | 6:13 |
| stand firm | ἵστημι / στῆτε | দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা | daŗiye thaka | Low | — | — | 6:11,13,14 |
| flesh and blood (not against) | αἷμα καὶ σάρξ | রক্ত ও মাংস | rokto o mangsho | Low | — | — | 6:12 |
| prayer (in the Spirit) | προσευχή | আত্মায় প্রার্থনা করা | Atmay prarthona kora | Medium | — | — | 6:18 |
| ambassador (in chains) | πρεσβεύω | শিকলবদ্ধ দূত | shikolboddho dut | Low-Medium | — | — | 6:20 |
Section 8 — New Terms: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| submit / be subject to | ὑποτάσσω | বশীভূত হওয়া | boshibhuto howa | High | — | Must never be isolated from 5:21’s mutuality and 5:25’s self-sacrificial-love command for husbands; theologian AND native-speaker review both required. | 5:21,22,24; 6:1,5 |
| one flesh | μία σάρξ | একদেহ | ekdeho | Medium | — | — | 5:31 |
| imitators (of God) | μιμητής | অনুকারী | onukari | Medium | — | — | 5:1 |
| fragrant offering and sacrifice | προσφορά / θυσία (ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας) | সুগন্ধি নৈবেদ্য ও বলিদান | sugandhi noibeddo o bolidan | High | — | Strong overlap with Hindu puja offering vocabulary; translator note required clarifying Christ’s ONE, FINISHED sacrifice, not an ongoing ritual. | 5:2 |
| light / darkness | φῶς / σκότος | আলো / অন্ধকার | alo / ondhokar | Medium | — | Describes identity transformation, not merely behavior. | 5:8 |
| filled with the Spirit | πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι | পবিত্র আত্মায় পূর্ণ হওয়া | Pobitro Atmay purno howa | High | — | Distinguish from folk ecstatic-trance/possession phenomena; produces sober worship, not loss of control. | 5:18 |
| obey / honor (parents) | ὑπακούω / τιμάω | বাধ্য হওয়া / সম্মান করা | baddho howa / shomman kora | Medium | — | — | 6:1-2 |
| provoke to anger (do not) | παροργίζω | উত্তেজিত/রাগান্বিত না করা | uttejito / raganvito na kora | Medium | — | The code restrains the more powerful party too. | 6:4 |
| discipline and instruction of the Lord | παιδεία / νουθεσία Κυρίου | প্রভুর শিক্ষা ও শাসন | Provur shikkha o shashon | Medium | — | — | 6:4 |
| slave / bondservant | δοῦλος | দাস | das | High | — | দাস is also a common Bengali caste-associated surname; requires explicit historical-context translator note to avoid a caste-lens misreading. | 6:5-9 |
| master (human) | κύριος (human referent) | মালিক | malik | High | প্রভু (reserved exclusively for the divine Lord, baseline Critical) | Chosen specifically to protect প্রভু’s exclusive Christological reservation. | 6:5,9 |
| ”your Master… in heaven” (deliberate wordplay with human κύριος) | κύριος (divine referent, same word as above) | প্রভু | Provu | Critical | — | The Greek intentionally reuses one word for both; Bengali necessarily splits it (মালিক/প্রভু) — translator note required to surface Paul’s wordplay. | 6:9 |
| eye-service | ὀφθαλμοδουλία | চোখের সামনে সেবা | chokher shamne sheba | Low-Medium | — | — | 6:6 |
| fear and trembling | φόβος καὶ τρόμος | ভয় ও কম্পনের সাথে | bhoy o komponer sathe | Low-Medium | — | Idiom of earnestness, not literal terror. | 6:5 |
| head (of the wife) | κεφαλή | মস্তক | mostok | High | — | See Section 4; modeled explicitly on Christ’s self-giving headship of the church (5:25-29). | 5:23 |
| this mystery (marriage as type of Christ/church) | μυστήριον | নিগূঢ়তত্ত্ব | nigurhotattwo | High | — | Same term as Section 6. | 5:32 |
Section 9 — New Terms: Walking in Newness of Life
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| old man / new man (old self / new self) | παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος | পুরাতন মানুষ / নতুন মানুষ | purataon manush / notun manush | High | পুনর্জন্ম-flavored phrasing (forbidden) | Moral-spiritual transformation of identity in Christ, not ātman transmigration nor self-achieved tazkiyah alone; a grace-given new creation. | 4:22,24 |
| renewed (in the spirit of the mind) | ἀνανεόω | মনের নবীকরণ | moner nobikoron | Medium | — | — | 4:23 |
| put off / put on | ἀποτίθημι / ἐνδύω | খুলে ফেলা / পরিধান করা | khule fela / poridhan kora | Low-Medium | — | Natural Bengali clothing-metaphor idiom. | 4:22-25 |
| grieve the Holy Spirit | λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον | পবিত্র আত্মাকে দুঃখ দেওয়া | Pobitro Atmake dukkho dewa | High | — | Reinforces the Spirit’s personhood; never impersonal framing. | 4:30 |
| redeeming the time | ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν | সময়ের সদ্ব্যবহার করা | somoyer shodbyobohar kora | Low-Medium | — | Idiom, not major doctrinal weight. | 5:16 |
| psalms, hymns, spiritual songs | ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί | গীত, স্তোত্র, ও আত্মিক গান | git, stotro, o attik gaan | Low-Medium | — | — | 5:19 |
Section 10 — New Terms: Grace / Adoption / Redemption Cluster (Chapter 1)
| Term (EN) | Original | Bengali | Transliteration | Risk | Rejected Alternatives | Notes | Citation(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| redemption | ἀπολύτρωσις | উদ্ধার | uddhar | Critical | মুক্তি (forbidden — same Hindu moksha/rebirth-liberation association already forbidden for “salvation” in the baseline) | Where “price paid” needs foregrounding, supplement with “রক্তের মূল্যে,” never a মুক্তি-root term. | 1:7,14; 4:30 |
| forgiveness (of trespasses) | ἄφεσις | ক্ষমা | khoma | Medium | — | Distinct from justification (ধार्मিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া, baseline Critical). | 1:7 |
| inheritance | κληρονομία | উত্তরাধিকার | uttoradhikar | Medium-High | — | Full-heir status; ties to দত্তকপুত্রতা (adoption, baseline High). | 1:11,14,18; 5:5 |
| sealed | σφραγίζω | মুদ্রাঙ্কিত করা | mudrankito kora | Medium | — | Secure ownership/authentication, not a ritual talisman. | 1:13; 4:30 |
| guarantee / down payment | ἀρραβών | বায়নাস্বরূপ | bayna-shorup | Medium | — | Strong cultural equivalence (Bengali land/property earnest money); note relational, not merely commercial, sense. | 1:14 |
Risk Summary (New Ephesians Terms)
| Risk Tier | Count (new terms) | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 6 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 30 | Human theologian (mandatory) |
| Medium-High | 6 | Human theologian / native-speaker (dual review recommended) |
| Medium | 24 | Native speaker review |
| Low-Medium | 10 | Native speaker review (light) |
| Low | 8 | Automated review |
Note: This count covers NEW Ephesians-specific terms only, in addition to the baseline Romans terms reused unchanged in Section 1 (which retain their original baseline risk tiers). All Critical and High items above must be added to doctrine_risk_registry.json and bible_term_registry.json in the Phase 1 Step 2-3 deliverables, and to translation_memory.json before any Phase 2 segment translation begins, per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Breastplate Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতার বুকপাটা
Transliteration: dharmikotar bukpata
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম
Original: θώραξ τῆς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW (compound, via reused Critical term righteousness). Eph 6:14. Righteousness component = ধার্মিকতা, never ধর্ম, per baseline’s Critical prohibition.
Father
Approved rendering: পিতা
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্মা, সৃষ্টিকর্তা
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:2,3,17; 2:18; 3:14; 4:6; 5:20; 6:23.
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout Ephesians (1:2-3,17; 2:4,8,10,19; 3:9,14; 4:6,24,32; 5:1,5,20; 6:6,13,17,23).
Helmet Of Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণের শিরস্ত্রাণ
Transliteration: poritraner shirostran
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Original: περικεφαλαία τοῦ σωτηρίου
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW (compound, via reused Critical term salvation). Eph 6:17. Salvation component = পরিত্রাণ, never মুক্তি/মোক্ষ/নাজাত.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:13; 2:18,22; 3:5,16; 4:3,4,30; 5:18; 6:17-18.
Jesus
Approved rendering: যীশু
Transliteration: Jishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঈসা
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never ঈসা. Eph 1:1,15; 2:6,7,10,13,20; 3:1,6,9,11,21; 4:21; 5:20.
Justification
Approved rendering: ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া
Transliteration: dharmik bole gonyo howa
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ক্ষমা পাওয়া, পুণ্য লাভ করা
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced contrastively in Ephesians to keep ক্ষমা (forgiveness, Eph 1:7) distinct from this forensic declared-righteous status; both occur together but name different realities.
Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: Provu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Reserved exclusively for the divine referent throughout Ephesians (1:2-3,15,17; 4:1,5,17; 5:8,10,17,19-20,22; 6:1,4,7-8,9,10,21,23-24). Human masters in the household code use মালিক instead (see master_human), except Eph 6:9 where Paul deliberately reuses kyrios for both — see master_in_heaven_wordplay.
Master In Heaven Wordplay
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: Provu
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος (divine referent, same word reused deliberately)
Category: Christology
NEW. Eph 6:9. Paul deliberately reuses the single Greek word kyrios for both human masters (see master_human, রendered মালিক) and Christ, reminding masters they too answer to a higher Master. The Bengali rendering necessarily splits what the Greek intentionally unifies; a translator note is mandatory to surface this wordplay so the force of ‘you also have a Master in heaven’ is not lost.
Messiah
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্ট
Transliteration: Khrishto
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: মশীহ, অবতার পুরুষ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout Ephesians as Christ’s title/name; also the Christological anchor for ‘Deity and Lordship of Christ’ and ‘The Mystery of Christ Revealed’.
Redemption
Approved rendering: উদ্ধার
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:7,14; 4:30. NEVER মুক্তি — carries the same Hindu moksha/liberation-from-rebirth association already forbidden for ‘salvation’ in the baseline. Where the price-paid dimension needs foregrounding, supplement with ‘রক্তের মূল্যে’ (at the price of the blood), never a মুক্তি-root term.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: পুনরুত্থান
Transliteration: punorutthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম, পুনর্জীবন
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম. Eph 1:19-20 (Christ’s own resurrection) is the root that made_alive_together and raised_together (Eph 2:5-6) must visibly share.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, পুণ্য, ন্যায়
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ধর্ম. Occurs at Eph 6:14 as the ‘breastplate of righteousness’ (see breastplate_of_righteousness).
Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণ
Transliteration: poritran
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:5,8 (‘you have been saved’) and 6:17 (‘helmet of salvation’) are the two anchor occurrences in this letter.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পুত্র
Transliteration: Ishshorer Putro
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: দেবপুত্র, ঈশ্বরের অংশ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Full phrase required; never দেবপুত্র. Underlies Eph 1:3,20-23; 4:13 (‘the Son of God’).
Spiritual Authorities Cluster
Approved rendering: কর্তৃত্ব, ক্ষমতা, এই অন্ধকার জগতের শাসকগণ, স্বর্গীয় স্থানের মন্দ আত্মিক কর্তৃত্ব
Transliteration: kortritto, khomota, ei ondhokar jagoter shashokgon, shorgio sthaner mondo attik kortritto
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: ἀρχαί / ἐξουσίαι / κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους / τὰ πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:12. Fourfold description of organized, personal, spiritual evil opposition. Given Bengal’s widespread folk belief in evil spirits (bhut/pret in Hindu folk tradition, jinn in Muslim folk tradition) and exorcistic/tantric/amulet counter-practice, softening this to mere metaphor for social evil strips the doctrine of real content, while a poorly chosen rendering could invite folk-exorcism practice instead of Paul’s prescribed prayer, truth, and faith. শক্তি must never appear here, with even greater force than elsewhere since this cluster names EVIL power. Mandatory human theologian review.
Workmanship
Approved rendering: সৃষ্টি
Transliteration: sristi
Doctrine: New Creation and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: কর্ম
Original: ποίημα
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:10. Must never share a root with কর্ম (‘works’, v.9); rendering as সৃষ্টি preserves Paul’s deliberate ergon/poiema contrast. A shared root would collapse the passage’s central point and risk implying salvation is a matter of accumulated deeds, echoing the karma-merit and weighed-deeds frameworks already flagged in the baseline for Grace and Salvation. Single highest-stakes lexical fence in the letter.
Works
Approved rendering: কর্ম
Transliteration: kormo
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: পুণ্য
Original: ἔργον / ἔργα
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:9. Must never collapse into পুণ্য (accumulated religious merit, already forbidden by the baseline for ‘grace’). The sharpest possible contrast with any merit-accounting framework, paralleling both Hindu karma-merit and Islamic weighed-deeds theology.
High Risk Terms
Abolish
Approved rendering: বিলুপ্ত করা
Transliteration: biloopto kora
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: καταργέω
Category: Covenant
NEW. Eph 2:15. Requires careful handling alongside ব্যবস্থা (law) so as not to imply the whole Mosaic law’s moral witness is erased — only its dividing function is set aside.
Access
Approved rendering: প্রবেশাধিকার
Transliteration: probeshadhikar
Doctrine: Prayer and Access to God
Original: προσαγωγή
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:18; 3:12. Must be rendered so as to preserve direct, unmediated access through Christ alone, distinguished from shrine/pir-based intercessory mediation common in regional folk religion.
Adoption
Approved rendering: দত্তকপুত্রতা
Transliteration: dattaka-putrota
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: দত্তক নেওয়া
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:5. Guard against Bengali family-hierarchy custom reading an adopted child as lesser than a biological heir.
Authority Exousia
Approved rendering: ক্ষমতা
Transliteration: khomota
Doctrine: Power of God and Spiritual Authorities
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি, অধিকার
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:21; 2:2; 3:10; 6:12. Part of the power/authority-word cluster; never শক্তি.
Blood Of Christ
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্টের রক্ত
Transliteration: Khrishtor rokto
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: αἷμα Χριστοῦ
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:13. Atonement language; escalate to theologian review per the baseline’s propitiation escalation rule.
Boldness
Approved rendering: সাহস
Transliteration: shahos
Doctrine: Prayer and Access to God
Original: παρρησία
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 3:12; 6:19-20. Related to access; must be distinguished from a boldness earned through religious merit or ritual purity.
Called
Approved rendering: আহুত
Transliteration: ahuto
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: আমন্ত্রিত, নিমন্ত্রিত
Original: κλητός / κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:18; 4:1,4.
Calling
Approved rendering: আহ্বান
Transliteration: ahban
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:18; 4:1,4.
Citizenship
Approved rendering: নাগরিকত্ব
Transliteration: nagoriktto
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: πολιτεία
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:12. Same contemporary political-sensitivity note as fellow_citizens.
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:12 — ‘the covenants of promise’ (নিয়মের প্রতিশ্রুতি), part of the commonwealth of Israel from which Gentiles were formerly excluded.
Create
Approved rendering: সৃষ্টি করা
Transliteration: sristi kora
Doctrine: New Creation and Good Works
Original: κτίζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:10; 3:9; 4:24. Shares its root with workmanship (সৃষ্টি) to preserve the creation-imagery link across all three occurrences.
Dividing Wall
Approved rendering: বিভেদের প্রাচীর
Transliteration: bivedher prachir
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: বেড়া
Original: τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:14. Must be retained as an actual, now-demolished barrier (প্রাচীর, a solid wall/rampart), not softened into বেড়া (a garden fence) or a vague ‘difference.‘
Dominion Kyriotes
Approved rendering: প্রভুত্ব
Transliteration: provuttwo
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: κυριότης
Category: Christology
NEW. Eph 1:21. Root-consistent with প্রভু (Lord) — this plural, subordinate ‘dominion’ class must never be confused with Christ’s own singular, supreme lordship. Never শক্তি.
Election
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন
Transliteration: Ishshorer monownoyon
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, কর্মফল
Original: ἐκλέγομαι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:4. Must remain root-distinct from the new Ephesians-specific term predestined (পূর্বনির্ধারণ) — both describe God’s sovereign choice but render two different Greek terms.
Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাস
Transliteration: bishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ঈমান, শ্রদ্ধা
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:8; 3:12,17; 4:5,13; 6:16,23.
Far Off Near
Approved rendering: দূরে / নিকটে
Transliteration: dure / nikote
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: μακράν / ἐγγύς
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:13,17. Must retain the full force of the reversal: total exclusion transformed into full inclusion, not merely a lessened distance.
Fellow Citizens
Approved rendering: সহনাগরিক
Transliteration: sohonagorik
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συμπολῖται
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:19. ‘Citizenship’ terminology carries live contemporary political sensitivity around citizenship/documentation debates in both India and Bangladesh; the theological, spiritual sense (full covenant belonging) must be clearly distinguished via contextual framing note from any contemporary civic-registration connotation. Native-speaker review recommended alongside theologian sign-off.
Fellow Heir Member Partaker
Approved rendering: সহ-উত্তরাধিকারী, একই দেহের সহভাগী, প্রতিশ্রুতির সহভাগী
Transliteration: shoho-uttoradhikari, ekoi deher shohobhagi, protishrutir shohobhagi
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 3:6. Triple compound emphasis on the total equality of Gentile and Jewish believers in Christ; must not be flattened into a single generic ‘included together’ — the rhetorical force of total, equal co-participation is itself doctrinally significant.
Filled With Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মায় পূর্ণ হওয়া
Transliteration: Pobitro Atmay purno howa
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: ভাব, ভাবাবেশ, দরবেশি অবস্থা
Original: πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 5:18. Must be distinguished from ecstatic trance/possession states (folk bhaba, Sufi ecstatic dhikr); produces sober worship, mutual submission, thanksgiving (5:19-21), not loss of control.
Fragrant Offering Sacrifice
Approved rendering: সুগন্ধি নৈবেদ্য ও বলিদান
Transliteration: sugandhi noibeddo o bolidan
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία (ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας)
Category: Christology
NEW. Eph 5:2. Strong overlap with active Hindu puja food/animal-offering ritual vocabulary; mandatory translator note clarifying this describes Christ’s ONE, FINISHED, historical self-sacrifice, not a repeatable ritual practice.
Fullness
Approved rendering: পূর্ণতা
Transliteration: purnota
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 1:23; 3:19; 4:13. Three related but distinct senses must all derive from the same root for cross-reference traceability across the letter.
Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never তেজ. Eph 1:6,12,14,17-18; 3:13,16,21.
Good Works
Approved rendering: সৎকর্ম
Transliteration: shotkormo
Doctrine: New Creation and Good Works
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:10. Virtuous deeds that are the intended FRUIT of salvation, never its cause. Sequencing must remain unmistakable: grace/faith → new creation (সৃষ্টি) → সৎকর্ম, never reversed.
Gospel
Approved rendering: সুসমাচার
Transliteration: susomachar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: খুশ খবর, ইঞ্জিল
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:13; 3:6; 6:15,19.
Grace
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: anugroho
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা, পুণ্য, ভাগ্য
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Central to the Eph 2:5,7-8 thesis statement of the core passage. Never bhakti-style prasad or pir-mediated barakah.
Grieve Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মাকে দুঃখ দেওয়া
Transliteration: Pobitro Atmake dukkho dewa
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holiness
Original: λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον
Category: God
NEW. Eph 4:30. Reinforces the Spirit’s personhood (baseline Critical); never framed impersonally as a mere force.
Head
Approved rendering: মস্তক
Transliteration: mostok
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 1:22; 4:15; 5:23. Must convey organic, nourishing, self-giving headship (4:16; 5:29), not mere positional dominance; governs both ecclesiology and the household code.
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:1,4,15; 2:19,21; 3:5,8,18; 4:12,24,30; 5:3,27.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: উত্তরাধিকার
Transliteration: uttoradhikar
Doctrine: Inheritance and Assurance in Christ
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:11,14,18; 5:5. Ties directly to দত্তকপুত্রতা (adoption, baseline High) — must convey full-heir status, not a partial or contested inheritance claim.
Law
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম
Original: νόμος (implicit: ἐντολαί ἐν δόγμασιν)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ধর্ম or শরিয়ত. Eph 2:15 — the law’s dividing ceremonial function, not its moral witness, is set aside in Christ.
Made Alive Together
Approved rendering: সঙ্গে জীবিত করলেন
Transliteration: shonge jibito korlen
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম
Original: συζωοποιέω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:5. Joint regeneration/quickening in union with Christ. Must never be rendered with any term evoking পুনর্জন্ম (rebirth/reincarnation) — once-for-all spiritual quickening, not a cycle of rebirths.
Master Human
Approved rendering: মালিক
Transliteration: malik
Doctrine: Slaves, Masters, and Common Accountability to Christ
Rejected alternatives: প্রভু
Original: κύριος (human referent)
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:5,9. মালিক chosen specifically to preserve প্রভু’s exclusive Christological reservation, even though the Greek word kyrios is identical for both human masters and Christ (see master_in_heaven_wordplay).
Mature Manhood
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্টের পূর্ণতার পরিমাণ পর্যন্ত পরিপক্বতা
Transliteration: Khrishtor purnotar poriman porjonto poripokkota
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: μέτρον ἡλικίας τοῦ πληρώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 4:13. Must share the fullness (পূর্ণতা) root as other occurrences for cross-reference consistency.
Might Kratos
Approved rendering: পরাক্রম
Transliteration: porakrom
Doctrine: Power of God and Spiritual Authorities
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: κράτος
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:19,21; 6:10. Part of the power-word cluster; never শক্তি.
Mystery
Approved rendering: নিগূঢ়তত্ত্ব
Transliteration: nigurhotattwo
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: রহস্য, গুপ্তবিদ্যা
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 1:9; 3:3-9; 5:32; 6:19. রহস্য rejected: carries occult/detective-novel-secrecy or tantric/pir guarded-initiate-knowledge connotations, the OPPOSITE of Paul’s point that this mystery is now openly disclosed to all. Must render identically at every occurrence.
Old Man New Man
Approved rendering: পুরাতন মানুষ / নতুন মানুষ
Transliteration: purataon manush / notun manush
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 4:22,24. Must be framed as a decisive, grace-given, once-for-all transformation of moral-spiritual identity in union with Christ — never the Hindu doctrine of ātman transmigration, nor Islamic tazkiyah (self-purification through disciplined effort). A definitive new creation echoing 2:10, not a self-achieved moral renovation.
One New Man
Approved rendering: এক নতুন মানুষ
Transliteration: ek notun manush
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: εἷς καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:15. Core term for the Unity doctrine; must not be flattened into mere social tolerance language — a genuine new creation-act, paralleling 2:10’s workmanship/create language.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer shamorthyo
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER শক্তি. Eph 1:19; 3:7,16,20; 6:10 — anchors the sevenfold power/authority cluster of 1:19-21 without ever using শক্তি for any of its six sibling terms (see working_energeia, might_kratos, strength_ischys, rule_arche, authority_exousia, dominion_kyriotes).
Predestined
Approved rendering: পূর্বনির্ধারণ
Transliteration: purbo-nirdharon
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: তকদির, ভাগ্য, নিয়তি
Original: προορίζω
Category: Election
NEW. Eph 1:5,11. Distinct from ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন (election). Carries strong overlap risk with Islamic তকদির (an already-assimilated fixed divine decree term) and Hindu ভাগ্য/নিয়তি (impersonal fate). Must be framed as relational and loving (‘in love he predestined us,’ 1:4-5), issuing in adoption, never as an impersonal, unappealable decree. Mandatory translator note at first occurrence (1:5).
Raised Together
Approved rendering: সঙ্গে উত্থাপন করলেন
Transliteration: shonge utthapon korlen
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম
Original: συνεγείρω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:6. Must derive from the same উত্থান root as পুনরুত্থান to preserve doctrinal continuity; never derive from a পুনর্জন্ম root.
Reconcile
Approved rendering: পুনর্মিলন সাধন করা
Transliteration: punormilon shadhon kora
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: সন্ধি
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:16. সন্ধি is categorically rejected — it is the standard word for a negotiated political/military truce between still-separate, still-adversarial equal parties, the wrong image for Christ’s one-sided, costly, cross-achieved reconciliation.
Revelation
Approved rendering: প্রত্যাদেশ
Transliteration: protyadesh
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 1:17; 3:3,5. Risk of being heard through the lens of Islamic waḥy (a single dictated revelation through one prophet); biblical revelation in Ephesians is progressive, through prophets and apostles (3:5) and Spirit-given ongoing illumination (1:17).
Rule Arche
Approved rendering: কর্তৃত্ব
Transliteration: kortritto
Doctrine: Power of God and Spiritual Authorities
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: ἀρχή
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:21; 3:10; 6:12. Cosmic ruling powers subject to Christ; part of the power/authority-word cluster; never শক্তি.
Ruler Of Power Of Air
Approved rendering: আকাশের কর্তৃত্বের অধিপতি
Transliteration: akasher kortrittwer odhipoti
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 2:2. Names the already-defeated Satan (cf. 1:20-22); risk of syncretism with Bengali folk sky-spirit/jinn cosmology if not explicitly anchored to his defeat in Christ.
Saints
Approved rendering: পবিত্র লোক
Transliteration: pobitro lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: সাধু, সাধুগণ
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never সাধু/সাধুগণ. Eph 1:1,15,18; 2:19; 3:8,18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: পবিত্রীকরণ
Transliteration: pobitrikoron
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুদ্ধিকরণ
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 5:26 — Christ’s washing/cleansing/sanctifying of the church; distinct from Hindu shuddhi ritual purification or Islamic taharah.
Shield Of Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসের ঢাল
Transliteration: bishwasher dhal
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: θυρεός τῆς πίστεως
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW (compound, via reused High term faith). Eph 6:16. Faith component = বিশ্বাস, baseline High.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:1 — paired rhetorically with trespass (see trespass) for emphasis.
Slave Bondservant
Approved rendering: দাস
Transliteration: das
Doctrine: Slaves, Masters, and Common Accountability to Christ
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:5-9. দাস is also a common Bengali surname historically tied to specific, often lower-ranked, caste communities; mandatory historical-context translator note required to prevent a caste-lens misreading of this first-century Greco-Roman institution.
Strength Ischys
Approved rendering: বল
Transliteration: bol
Doctrine: Power of God and Spiritual Authorities
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: ἰσχύς
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:19; 6:10. Part of the power-word cluster; never শক্তি.
Submit
Approved rendering: বশীভূত হওয়া
Transliteration: boshibhuto howa
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: সহযোগিতা করা
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 5:21,22,24; 6:1,5. Must never be isolated from 5:21’s mutuality and 5:25’s self-sacrificial-love command for husbands, given strongly reinforced existing patriarchal household norms in both Bengali Hindu and Muslim tradition. Theologian AND native-speaker review both required.
Sword Of Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মার তরবারি, যা ঈশ্বরের বাক্য
Transliteration: Pobitro Atmar torbari, ja Ishshorer bakyo
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος, ῥῆμα Θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW (compound, via reused Critical term Holy Spirit). Eph 6:17. The only OFFENSIVE weapon in the armor list.
Unite Sum Up
Approved rendering: সবকিছুকে খ্রীষ্টের অধীনে একত্রীভূত করা
Transliteration: shobkichuke Khrishtor odhine ekotribhuto kora
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: ἀνακεφαλαιώσασθαι
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 1:10. Must not be flattened into a vague ‘bring together,’ losing the ‘under one head’ (Christ) sense; central to the cosmic scope of the Mystery doctrine.
Unity
Approved rendering: একতা
Transliteration: ekota
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἑνότης
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:3,13. Must be preserved as real, Spirit-given, maintainable unity, not softened into mere social tolerance or communal coexistence.
Whole Armor Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের সম্পূর্ণ যুদ্ধসজ্জা
Transliteration: Ishshorer shompurno juddhosajja
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: তাবিজ, মাদুলি, কবচ
Original: πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:11,13. Risk of confusion with protective amulets/taveez/tantric charms widespread in regional folk practice; mandatory translator note clarifying this names Christian virtues/disciplines actively put on by faith, not a physical or magically-potent object.
Working Energeia
Approved rendering: কার্যকারিতা
Transliteration: karjokarita
Doctrine: Power of God and Spiritual Authorities
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Original: ἐνέργεια
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:19; 3:7; 4:16. Part of the 1:19-21 power-word cluster; never শক্তি (Shakta/Durga-Kali goddess-power association).
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: প্রেরিত
Transliteration: prerito
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: দূত, বার্তাবাহক
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:1; 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 (fivefold ministry office).
Boast
Approved rendering: গর্ব করা
Transliteration: gorbo kora
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: καυχάομαι
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:9. Self-congratulatory pride in one’s own religious achievement, excluded by grace.
Body
Approved rendering: দেহ
Transliteration: deho
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 1:23; 2:16; 4:4,12,16,25; 5:23,30. Corporate, metaphorical sense (the church) must not be read as mere anatomy; pair with an explicit referent at first occurrence per lesson.
Building Up
Approved rendering: গড়ে তোলা
Transliteration: gore tola
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:12,16,29. Consistent with the baseline’s existing ‘mutual edification’ doctrine phrase পরস্পর উন্নতিসাধন.
Church
Approved rendering: মণ্ডলী
Transliteration: mondoli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির, গির্জা
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never মন্দির for this term (contrast temple_naos below, a distinct Greek word). Eph 1:22; 3:10,21; 5:23-25,27,29,32.
Cornerstone
Approved rendering: কোণের প্রধান পাথর
Transliteration: koner prodhan pathor
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀκρογωνιαῖος
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 2:20. Christ as the foundational, load-bearing stone on which the whole church is structurally built.
Dead Spiritually
Approved rendering: মৃত
Transliteration: mrito
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: νεκρός
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:1,5. Total spiritual incapacity before God prior to regeneration; risk of readers hearing মৃত as a merely poetic or weakened condition rather than total inability.
Discipline Instruction Of Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভুর শিক্ষা ও শাসন
Transliteration: Provur shikkha o shashon
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: παιδεία / νουθεσία Κυρίου
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:4. Christ-centered, formative child-rearing.
Enmity
Approved rendering: শত্রুতা
Transliteration: shotruta
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἔχθρα
Category: Unity
NEW. Eph 2:14,16. The active hostility abolished by the cross, both vertically (God) and horizontally (Jew/Gentile).
Equipping
Approved rendering: সুসজ্জিত করা
Transliteration: sushojjito kora
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: καταρτισμός
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:12. Care needed that this not imply ministry is delegated ONLY to named office-holders rather than the whole body being equipped through them.
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: ক্ষমা
Transliteration: khoma
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:7. Distinct from ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া (justification, baseline Critical); both occur together but name different realities.
Foundation
Approved rendering: ভিত্তি
Transliteration: bhitti
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 2:20. The apostles’ and prophets’ Christ-centered testimony on which the church is built.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: পরজাতি
Transliteration: porojati
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:11; 3:1,6,8; 4:17.
Gift
Approved rendering: উপহার
Transliteration: uphar
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: দান
Original: δῶρον
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:8. দান rejected: in Bengali Hindu religious practice দান (ritual charitable giving) is itself a merit-generating religious act, reversing Paul’s point that salvation flows FROM God TO us, unearned.
Guarantee Down Payment
Approved rendering: বায়নাস্বরূপ
Transliteration: bayna-shorup
Doctrine: Inheritance and Assurance in Christ
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:14. বায়না is a natural, well-understood Bengali land/property earnest-money term — strong cultural equivalence, but requires a note that this is a relational guarantee from God, not a bare commercial arrangement.
Heavenly Places
Approved rendering: স্বর্গীয় স্থান
Transliteration: shorgio sthan
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Original: ἐπουράνιος
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:3,20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12. স্বর্গ retains residual Hindu Puranic ‘temporary merit-earned paradise’ association but is the long-stabilized Bengali Christian term for heaven; always qualify with স্থান/জগত to preserve the sense of ‘realm.‘
Household Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পরিজন
Transliteration: Ishshorer porijon
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: οἰκεῖοι τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 2:19. Full familial belonging in God’s household, warmer than the civic ‘fellow citizens’ image.
Imitators Of God
Approved rendering: অনুকারী
Transliteration: onukari
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: μιμηταὶ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 5:1. Believers called to pattern their conduct after God’s own self-giving love.
Inner Man
Approved rendering: অন্তরস্থ মানুষ
Transliteration: ontorostho manush
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holiness
Original: ἔσω ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 3:16. Must not be confused with the Hindu/Vedantic ātman (a pre-existing divine substance within, identical with Brahman); this inner man is strengthened BY the Holy Spirit, not an uncovering of innate divinity.
Intercession
Approved rendering: মধ্যস্থতা
Transliteration: moddhosthota
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: সুপারিশ
Original: προσευχή / δέησις (adjacent sense)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 6:18-20 — Paul requests prayer for his own gospel proclamation.
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:12 (‘the commonwealth of Israel’).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer Rajyo
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ঈশ্বরের দেশ
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 5:5 (‘kingdom of Christ and God’). Not a political or territorial kingdom.
Light Darkness
Approved rendering: আলো / অন্ধকার
Transliteration: alo / ondhokar
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: φῶς / σκότος
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 5:8. Describes identity (‘you WERE darkness, but now you ARE light’), not merely behavior.
Manifold Wisdom
Approved rendering: বহুবিধ প্রজ্ঞা
Transliteration: bohubidh proggya
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: πολυποίκιλος σοφία
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 3:10. God’s rich, multi-faceted wisdom displayed through the reconciled, unified church.
Mercy
Approved rendering: দয়া
Transliteration: doya
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা, অনুগ্রহ
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:4. Distinguish from অনুগ্রহ (grace, the saving act) and কৃপা (reserved by baseline for non-soteriological compassion). Names God’s compassionate disposition prior to the saving act of grace.
Mission
Approved rendering: সুসমাচার প্রচার
Transliteration: susomachar prochar
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / εὐαγγελίσασθαι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 3:8; 6:15,19-20.
Obey Honor Parents
Approved rendering: বাধ্য হওয়া ও সম্মান করা
Transliteration: baddho howa o shomman kora
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὑπακούω / τιμάω
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:1-2. Children’s obedience grounded ‘in the Lord,’ tied to the Decalogue’s honoring commandment.
One Flesh
Approved rendering: একদেহ
Transliteration: ekdeho
Doctrine: Marriage as a Type of Christ and the Church
Original: μία σάρξ
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 5:31. The marriage union as a living picture/type of Christ’s union with the church.
Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:2; 2:14-17 (‘he himself is our peace’); 4:3; 6:15,23.
Prayer In Spirit
Approved rendering: আত্মায় প্রার্থনা করা
Transliteration: Atmay prarthona kora
Doctrine: Prayer and Access to God
Original: προσευχή ἐν Πνεύματι
Category: Faith
NEW. Eph 6:18. Prayer sustained by the Holy Spirit, the ongoing posture that activates all the armor of God.
Prepared Beforehand
Approved rendering: পূর্ব থেকে প্রস্তুত করে রাখলেন
Transliteration: purbo theke prostut kore rakhlen
Doctrine: New Creation and Good Works
Original: προετοιμάζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:10. Should echo predestination vocabulary without collapsing into fatalistic language.
Provoke To Anger
Approved rendering: উত্তেজিত না করা
Transliteration: uttejito na kora
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: παροργίζω
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:4. A direct restraint on fathers’ authority, checking the more powerful party in the household code.
Purpose
Approved rendering: উদ্দেশ্য
Transliteration: uddeshyo
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: πρόθεσις
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:11; 3:11. God’s eternal, deliberate plan worked out according to his will.
Renewed In Mind
Approved rendering: মনের নবীকরণ
Transliteration: moner nobikoron
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: ἀνανεόω τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ νοῦς
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 4:23. Distinguishes genuine transformation from mere behavior modification.
Schemes Wiles
Approved rendering: কৌশল
Transliteration: koushol
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: μεθοδεία
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:11. The devil’s crafty schemes/tactics against believers.
Sealed
Approved rendering: মুদ্রাঙ্কিত করা
Transliteration: mudrankito kora
Doctrine: Inheritance and Assurance in Christ
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 1:13; 4:30. Must convey secure ownership/authentication by God, not a magical or ritual talisman-mark.
Seated Together
Approved rendering: সঙ্গে উপবিষ্ট করলেন
Transliteration: shonge upobishto korlen
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Original: συγκαθίζω
Category: Salvation
NEW. Eph 2:6. Present, positional privilege and honor in Christ, grounding assurance of salvation.
Shoes Gospel Of Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তির সুসমাচারের পাদুকা
Transliteration: shanti-r susomacharer paduka
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ὑπόδημα τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW (compound, via reused gospel/peace terms). Eph 6:15.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: আত্মিক বর
Transliteration: attik bor
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: বর, আশীর্বাদ
Original: χάρισμα / δωρεά
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER বর alone. Eph 4:7-11.
Stewardship
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থাপনা
Transliteration: bebosthapona
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: οἰκονομία
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 3:2,9. Distinct root from ব্যবস্থা (law); must remain visually/phonetically distinguishable to avoid confusion between ‘the Law’ and ‘stewardship.‘
Temple Naos
Approved rendering: মন্দির
Transliteration: mondir
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ναός
Category: Ecclesiology
NEW. Eph 2:21. Established Bengali Bible term for the literal OT/NT Temple, a distinct Greek word (naos) from church (mondoli); translator note recommended distinguishing from Hindu image-worship temple usage.
Trespass
Approved rendering: অপরাধ
Transliteration: opporadh
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Sin
NEW. Eph 1:7; 2:1,5. Distinguish from পাপ where both appear together; render both as পাপ with translator note if the doubling cannot be preserved naturally.
Walk Conduct
Approved rendering: চলা
Transliteration: chola
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 2:2,10; 4:1,17; 5:2,8,15. Must be understood figuratively (habitual life-direction); gloss with জীবনযাপন করা where clarity requires. Central verb for the Walking in Newness of Life doctrine.
Will Of God
Approved rendering: ইচ্ছা
Transliteration: iccha
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: θέλημα
Category: God
NEW. Eph 1:1,5,9,11; 5:17; 6:6.
Wisdom Insight
Approved rendering: প্রজ্ঞা ও বিবেক
Transliteration: proggya o bibek
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: σοφία / σύνεσις
Category: Mystery
NEW. Eph 1:8,17; 3:10. Spirit-given insight, not worldly cleverness or mystical gnosis.
Wrestle Struggle
Approved rendering: সংগ্রাম
Transliteration: shongram
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: πάλη
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:12. Believers’ conflict against spiritual, not merely human, opposition.
Low Risk Terms
Ambassador In Chains
Approved rendering: শিকলবদ্ধ দূত
Transliteration: shikolboddho dut
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 6:20. Paul’s self-description as Christ’s imprisoned envoy for the gospel.
Belt Of Truth
Approved rendering: সত্যের কটিবন্ধ
Transliteration: shotter kotibondho
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ζώνη τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:14. Truth as the foundational, securing piece of spiritual equipment.
Devil
Approved rendering: দিয়াবল
Transliteration: diyabol
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:11. দিয়াবল/শয়তান are already common shared Bengali vocabulary across religious communities, not exclusively Islamic-flagged terms.
Evangelist
Approved rendering: সুসমাচার প্রচারক
Transliteration: susomachar prochaork
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:11. Built on the baseline gospel root (সুসমাচার).
Evil Day
Approved rendering: মন্দ দিন
Transliteration: mondo din
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἡμέρα τῇ πονηρᾷ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:13. A day of intense spiritual testing/attack.
Eye Service
Approved rendering: চোখের সামনে সেবা
Transliteration: chokher shamne sheba
Doctrine: Slaves, Masters, and Common Accountability to Christ
Original: ὀφθαλμοδουλία
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:6. Service performed only when being watched, contrasted with sincere obedience to Christ.
Fear And Trembling
Approved rendering: ভয় ও কম্পনের সাথে
Transliteration: bhoy o komponer sathe
Doctrine: Slaves, Masters, and Common Accountability to Christ
Original: φόβος καὶ τρόμος
Category: Household
NEW. Eph 6:5. Idiom of earnest seriousness, not literal terror.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: সহভাগিতা
Transliteration: shohobhagita
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: বন্ধুত্ব
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 3:9 (κοινωνία-adjacent administration of the mystery); 4:3.
Flesh And Blood
Approved rendering: রক্ত ও মাংস
Transliteration: rokto o mangsho
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: αἷμα καὶ σάρξ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:12. Merely human opposition, contrasted with the real spiritual opposition believers face.
Foundation Of World
Approved rendering: জগৎ সৃষ্টির পূর্বে
Transliteration: jagot sristir purbe
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου
Category: Election
NEW. Eph 1:4. The temporal horizon of God’s electing love.
Pastor
Approved rendering: পালক
Transliteration: palok
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: ποιμήν
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:11. Established Bengali Christian usage.
Prophet
Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: bhabbadi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 (fivefold ministry office).
Psalms Hymns Songs
Approved rendering: গীত, স্তোত্র, ও আত্মিক গান
Transliteration: git, stotro, o attik gaan
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 5:19. Corporate Spirit-filled worship expressions.
Put Off Put On
Approved rendering: খুলে ফেলা ও পরিধান করা
Transliteration: khule fela o poridhan kora
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: ἀποτίθημι / ἐνδύω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 4:22-25. Natural, well-understood Bengali clothing-metaphor idiom.
Redeeming The Time
Approved rendering: সময়ের সদ্ব্যবহার করা
Transliteration: somoyer shodbyobohar kora
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 5:16. Making wise, purposeful use of opportunity.
Rooted Grounded
Approved rendering: প্রেমে মূলিত ও ভিত্তিস্থাপিত
Transliteration: preme mulito o bhittistapito
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holiness
Original: ῥιζόω / θεμελιόω
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Eph 3:17. Stability and growth metaphor.
Speaking Truth In Love
Approved rendering: প্রেমের মধ্যে সত্য বলা
Transliteration: premer moddhe shotto bola
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀληθεύω ἐν ἀγάπῃ
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:15. Truthful communication inseparably joined with love, the manner of growth toward maturity.
Stand Firm
Approved rendering: দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা
Transliteration: dariye thaka
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἵστημι / στῆτε
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Eph 6:11,13,14.
Teacher
Approved rendering: শিক্ষক
Transliteration: shikkhok
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: διδάσκαλος
Category: Church
NEW. Eph 4:11.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ধন্যবাদ
Transliteration: dhonnobad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:16; 5:4,20.
Referenced passages