Core Glossary
Leviticus — Core Glossary (English → Bengali)
Phase 1, Step 1 Deliverable: Per-Term Glossary with Translation Risk
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, across the whole book of Leviticus, chapters 1–27, with the Day of Atonement core passage (16:1–34) given priority weighting. Risk tiers use the same four-level framework as the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json (Critical / High / Medium / Low). Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked (baseline reuse — do not alter).
| # | English Term | Original (LXX Greek / Heb) | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Category | Primary Chapter(s) | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | θεός / אֱלֹהִים | theos / Elohim | ঈশ্বর | Critical | God | throughout | (baseline reuse) |
| 2 | LORD (divine name YHWH) | κύριος / יהוה | kyrios / YHWH | সদাপ্রভু | Critical | God | throughout | Established Bengali OT term; distinct from প্রভু (baseline, reserved for κύριος addressed to Christ in NT contexts). Never conflate the two in teaching materials. |
| 3 | Holy | ἅγιος / קָדוֹש | hagios / qadosh | পবিত্র | High | Holiness of God / Sanctification | 1:4; 6; 10; 11; 19; 20; 21; 22 | (baseline reuse). The single most recurring theological term in Leviticus outside ch.16. |
| 4 | Most Holy | ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων / קֹדֶש קָדָשִׁים | hagion tōn hagiōn / qodesh qodashim | মহাপবিত্র | High | Holiness of God | 6; 16 | Extends baseline পবিত্র root; keep visually distinct from ordinary পবিত্র grade in all charts/diagrams. |
| 5 | Profane (verb) | βεβηλόω / חִלֵּל | bebēloō / chalal | অপবিত্র করা | High | Holiness of God | 18; 19; 20; 21; 22 | Direct morphological antonym of #3; keep as exact negative counterpart. |
| 6 | Sin | ἁμαρτία / חַטָּאָה | hamartia / chattat | পাপ | High | Sacrificial System / Universal Accountability | throughout | (baseline reuse) |
| 7 | Iniquity / Transgression | ἀνομία, ἀσέβημα / עָוֹן, פֶּשַׁע | anomia, asebēma / avon, pesha | অপরাধ | Medium | Sacrificial System / Substitution | 16:16, 21; 4; 5 | Distinct nuance from #6; often stacked together in confession formulas (16:21). |
| 8 | Uncleanness (moral/ritual defilement, abstract) | ἀκαθαρσία / טֻמְאָה | akatharsia / tum’ah | অশুচিতা | High | Clean and Unclean | 16:16; 11–15 | Abstract noun form of #16 (unclean); keep distinct from #6 (sin). |
| 9 | Sacrifice / Offering (general) | θυσία / קָרְבָּן, זֶבַח | thysia / qorban, zevach | বলি | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 1–7; 16; 17; 22 | বলি is also the standard Bengali term for Hindu ritual animal sacrifice (e.g., Kali puja bali); retained as the established Bengali Bible term but requires standing teaching contrast (God-instituted, substitutionary, pointing to Christ vs. votive sacrifice to a deity for favor). |
| 10 | Burnt Offering | ὁλοκαύτωμα / עֹלָה | holokautōma / olah | হোমবলি | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 1; 6; 8; 9; 16 | হোম evokes Vedic homa fire-ritual; retained as established term, requires translator note. |
| 11 | Grain / Meal Offering | θυσία, δῶρον / מִנְחָה | thysia, dōron / minchah | শস্য-নৈবেদ্য | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 2; 6; 7 | নৈবেদ্য is the standard Hindu temple food-offering term (prasad-adjacent); requires strong contrastive note. |
| 12 | Peace / Fellowship Offering | θυσία σωτηρίου / שְׁלָמִים | thysia sōtēriou / shelamim | মঙ্গলার্থক বলি | Medium | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 3; 7 | |
| 13 | Sin Offering | περὶ ἁμαρτίας / חַטָּאת | peri hamartias / chattat | পাপার্থক বলি | Medium | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 4; 5; 6; 16 | |
| 14 | Guilt / Trespass Offering | πλημμέλεια / אָשָׁם | plēmmeleia / asham | দোষার্থক বলি | Medium | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 5; 6; 7 | Requires accompanying restitution (+20%) — vertical and horizontal reconciliation joined. |
| 15 | Thanksgiving Offering | αἴνεσις / תּוֹדָה | ainesis / todah | ধন্যবাদ-বলি | Low | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 7; 22 | Builds on baseline ধন্যবাদ. |
| 16 | Unclean | ἀκάθαρτος / טָמֵא | akathartos / tamei | অশুচি | High | Clean and Unclean | 11–15; 16 | Ceremonial-legal category; must not be conflated with caste-based purity/untouchability categories socially live in the Bengal region. |
| 17 | Clean | καθαρός / טָהוֹר | katharos / tahor | শুচি | High | Clean and Unclean | 11–15; 16 | Deliberately distinct from #3 পবিত্র (moral/relational holiness) — a ceremonial-legal status, not a salvation-adjacent one. |
| 18 | Detestable / Abomination | βδέλυγμα / שֶׁקֶץ, תּוֹעֵבָה | bdelygma / sheqets, to’evah | ঘৃণার্হ (কাজ) | Medium | Clean and Unclean / Holiness | 11; 18; 20 | Two Hebrew intensities (sheqets: forbidden foods; to’evah: grave moral violations) may be rendered identically in Bengali but flagged by context in notes. |
| 19 | Leprosy / Skin Disease | λέπρα / צָרַעַת | lepra / tzaraat | কুষ্ঠরোগ / চর্মরোগ | Medium | Clean and Unclean | 13; 14 | Note broader technical scope (incl. mold/mildew) vs. narrow modern stigma of কুষ্ঠরোগ. |
| 20 | Priest | ἱερεύς / כֹּהֵן | hiereus / kohen | যাজক | Medium | Priesthood and Mediation | 1–10; 21; 22 | Never পুরোহিত (the standard Bengali term for a Hindu Brahmin ritual priest). |
| 21 | High Priest | ἀρχιερεύς / כֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל | archiereus / kohen hagadol | মহাযাজক | Medium | Priesthood and Mediation | 16; 21 | |
| 22 | Anoint / Anointing Oil | χρῖσμα, ἀλείφω / מִשְׁחָה | chrisma, aleiphō / mishchah | অভিষেক-তেল / অভিষিক্ত করা | Medium | Priesthood and Mediation | 8; 16; 21 | Conceptual root of “Christ/Messiah” (baseline খ্রীষ্ট = “the Anointed One”); worth surfacing pedagogically. |
| 23 | Ordain / Consecrate (priestly installation) | τελειόω / מִלֻּא יָדַיִם | teleioō / millu yadayim | অভিষিক্ত করে নিয়োগ করা | Medium | Priesthood and Mediation | 8 | |
| 24 | Distinguish (holy/common, clean/unclean) | διαστέλλω / לְהַבְדִּיל | diastellō / lehavdil | পার্থক্য করা | High | Priesthood and Mediation | 10 | Names the priest’s core teaching/discernment function — central to the doctrine. |
| 25 | Altar | θυσιαστήριον / מִזְבֵּח | thysiastērion / mizbeach | বেদি (also seen as যজ্ঞবেদি) | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 1–9; 16; 17 | যজ্ঞ evokes Vedic Hindu fire-sacrifice ritual; recommend unprefixed বেদি pending theologian decision. |
| 26 | Incense | θυμίαμα / קְטֹרֶת | thymiama / qetoret | ধূপ | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement / Day of Atonement | 16; 6 | Everyday Bengali Hindu/Buddhist devotional-incense word; retained for lack of unloaded alternative, requires standing translator note. |
| 27 | Blood | αἷμα / דָּם | haima / dam | রক্ত | High (doctrinally) | Sacrificial System / Day of Atonement | throughout, esp. 16; 17 | Lexically low-risk but doctrinally central; never soften to metaphor. |
| 28 | Life / Soul | ψυχή / נֶפֶש | psychē / nefesh | প্রাণ | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 17 | Anchor strictly to “animate life,” not a yogic/cosmic life-force connotation. |
| 29 | Atonement (verb: to make atonement) | ἐξιλάσκομαι / כִּפֶּר | exilaskomai / kipper | প্রায়শ্চিত্ত করা | Critical | Sacrificial System and Atonement / Day of Atonement | 1; 4–6; 8; 9; 12; 14; 16; 17; 19; 23 | প্রায়শ্চিত্ত is also the standard Bengali Hindu term for self-performed religious penance/expiation; mandatory standing teaching note: biblical atonement is God-provided and substitutionary, never self-achieved. |
| 30 | Mercy Seat / Atonement Cover | ἱλαστήριον / כַּפֹּרֶת | hilastērion / kapporet | প্রায়শ্চিত্তের আচ্ছাদন | Critical | Day of Atonement | 16 | Shares LXX vocabulary with Romans 3:25 (already flagged Critical in baseline escalation rules); fix rendering identically for future cross-reference. |
| 31 | Scapegoat / Azazel | ὁ χίμαρος ὁ ἀποπομπαῖος / עֲזָאזֵל | apopompaios / Azazel | অপসারণের ছাগল (or transliteration আসাসেল) | Critical | The Scapegoat and Substitution | 16 | Requires standing note on the two scholarly readings (place/demon-name vs. descriptive “goat of removal”) and explicit clarification that the goat is never sacrificed to a rival power. |
| 32 | Bear (iniquity/away) | λαμβάνω ἐφ’ ἑαυτῷ / נָשָׁא | lambanō eph’ heautō / nasa | পাপ বহন করা | Critical | The Scapegoat and Substitution | 16 | Linguistic hinge to Isaiah 53 and John 1:29 typology; fix rendering for future cross-curriculum consistency. |
| 33 | Lay Hands (on the sacrifice) | ἐπιθήσει τὰς χεῖρας / סָמַךְ יָדַיִם | epithēsei tas cheiras / samak yadayim | হাত রাখা | Medium | The Scapegoat and Substitution | 1; 3; 4; 8; 16 | Ritual identification/transfer gesture. |
| 34 | Confess | ἐξαγορεύω / הִתְוַדָּה | exagoreuō / hitvadah | স্বীকার করা | Medium | Sacrificial System / Day of Atonement | 5; 16; 26 | |
| 35 | Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) | ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ / יוֹם כִּפֻּר | hēmera exilasmou / Yom Kippur | প্রায়শ্চিত্তের দিন | Critical | Day of Atonement | 16; 23 | |
| 36 | Sabbath of Solemn Rest | σάββατα σαββάτων / שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן | sabbata sabbatōn / shabbat shabbaton | মহাবিশ্রামের দিন | Medium | Sabbath and Sacred Time / Day of Atonement | 16; 23 | Intensified form beyond weekly Sabbath (#42). |
| 37 | Without Blemish / Unblemished | ἄμωμος / תָּמִים | amōmos / tamim | নির্দোষ / ত্রুটিহীন | High | Sacrificial System and Atonement | 1; 21; 22 | Typological bridge to 1 Peter 1:19; caution against implying lesser worth of persons with disabilities in modern application (ch.21 priestly-blemish laws). |
| 38 | Cut Off (judicial formula) | ἐξολεθρεύω / כָּרַת | exolethreuō / karat | উচ্ছেদ করা | Medium-High | Holiness of God | 7; 17; 18; 20; 23 | Covenantal/judicial severance, not mere social disapproval — do not soften. |
| 39 | Perpetual/Everlasting Statute | νόμιμον αἰώνιον / חֻקַּת עוֹלָם | nomimon aiōnion / chuqqat olam | চিরস্থায়ী বিধি | Medium | Sacrificial System / Sabbath and Sacred Time | 3; 16; 23; 24 | |
| 40 | Statute / Ordinance | νόμιμα, κρίσις / חֻקָּה, מִשְׁפָּט | nomima, krisis / chuqqah, mishpat | বিধি / বিধান | Medium | Priesthood / Holiness | throughout | Distinct from baseline ব্যবস্থা (Torah as a whole); these denote specific statutes within it. |
| 41 | Law (Torah, whole body) | νόμος / תּוֹרָה | nomos / torah | ব্যবস্থা | High | Priesthood and Mediation | 6; 7; 14 (torah headings) | (baseline reuse) |
| 42 | Sabbath (weekly) | σάββατον / שַׁבָּת | sabbaton / shabbat | বিশ্রামবার / শাব্বাৎ | Medium | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 19; 23; 25; 26 | Note pastoral distinction from later NT shift to first-day gathering; flag for later curricula. |
| 43 | Appointed Feasts / Sacred Times | ἑορτή / מוֹעֵד | heortē / moed | পর্ব | Medium | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 23 | Recommended over উৎসব (strong Durga Puja/Hindu festival association). |
| 44 | Passover | πάσχα / פֶּסַח | pascha / pesach | নিস্তারপর্ব | Low | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 23 | Established Bengali Bible term. |
| 45 | Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) | πεντηκοστή (implied) / שָׁבֻעוֹת | pentēkostē / shavuot | পঞ্চাশত্তমীর পর্ব | Low | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 23 | Forward-note to Acts 2. |
| 46 | Feast of Trumpets | σάλπιγξ (implied) / יוֹם תְּרוּעָה | — / yom teruah | তূরী-ধ্বনির পর্ব | Low | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 23 | |
| 47 | Feast of Tabernacles/Booths | σκηνοπηγία / סֻכּוֹת | skēnopēgia / sukkot | কুটিরবাসের পর্ব | Low | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 23 | Forward-note to Incarnation doctrine (John 1:14 ἐσκήνωσεν / baseline দেহধারণ). |
| 48 | Tent of Meeting / Tabernacle | σκηνή / אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד, מִשְׁכָּן | skēnē / ohel moed, mishkan | সমাগম-তাম্বু | Medium | Priesthood and Mediation | 1; 8; 16; 17 | |
| 49 | Holy Place / Most Holy Place | τὸ ἅγιον / τὰ ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων | to hagion / to hagion tōn hagiōn | পবিত্র স্থান / মহাপবিত্র স্থান | High | Day of Atonement / Holiness | 16 | Keep the two grades visually and lexically distinct. |
| 50 | Glory of the LORD | δόξα κυρίου / כְּבוֹד יְהוָה | doxa kyriou / kevod YHWH | সদাপ্রভুর মহিমা | High | Priesthood / Holiness of God | 9 | Baseline মহিমা reused with সদাপ্রভু (see #2). |
| 51 | Strange / Unauthorized Fire | πῦρ ἀλλότριον / אֵש זָרָה | pyr allotrion / esh zarah | অননুমোদিত আগুন | Medium-High | Priesthood and Mediation / Holiness | 10 | Warns against improvised/blended worship — relevant to syncretism concerns. |
| 52 | Neighbor | πλησίον / רֵעַ | plēsion / rea | প্রতিবেশী | Medium | Love of Neighbor | 19 | Understood broadly per 19:34’s parallel to the sojourner. |
| 53 | Love (verb) | ἀγαπάω / אָהַב | agapaō / ahav | প্রেম (noun) / ভালোবাসা (verb) | Medium-High | Love of Neighbor | 19 | প্রেম carries Vaishnava-devotional romantic-divine associations culturally; established Christian usage (১ করি ১৩) offsets this. Needs theologian sign-off on verb-vs-noun split. |
| 54 | Sojourner / Stranger (resident alien) | προσήλυτος / גֵּר | prosēlytos / ger | প্রবাসী | Medium | Love of Neighbor / Unity themes | 19 | Distinct from baseline পরজাতি (nations generally); denotes an individual resident among Israel. |
| 55 | Fear (of God) | φοβέομαι / יָרֵא | phobeomai / yare | ঈশ্বর-ভয় | Medium | Holiness of God | 19; 25 | Reverence-motive clause, not terror. |
| 56 | Medium / Spiritist / Necromancer | ἐγγαστρίμυθος, γνώστης / אוֹב, יִדְּעֹנִי | eggastrimythos, gnōstēs / ov, yidde’oni | গণক / মন্ত্রতান্ত্রিক | High | Holiness of God | 19; 20 | Live pastoral relevance given regional folk-spiritist and tantric practice; phrase to avoid affirming spirits’ reality while retaining the prohibition’s seriousness. |
| 57 | The One Who Sanctifies | ὁ ἁγιάζων / מְקַדֵּש | ho hagiazōn / mekadesh | পবিত্রকারী (সদাপ্রভু) | High | Holiness of God / Sanctification | 20; 21; 22 | Bridges to baseline পবিত্রীকরণ (sanctification). |
| 58 | Blasphemy (of God’s name) | βλασφημέω / קלל | blasphēmeō / qillel | ঈশ্বরনিন্দা করা | Medium | Holiness of God | 24 | Established Bengali Christian term. |
| 59 | Bread of the Presence | ἄρτοι τοῦ προσώπου / לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים | artoi tou prosōpou / lechem hapanim | সান্নিধ্যের রুটি | Low | Priesthood and Mediation | 24 | |
| 60 | Eye for Eye (lex talionis) | ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ / עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן | ophthalmon anti ophthalmou / ayin tachat ayin | চোখের বদলে চোখ | Low | Love of Neighbor (justice) | 24 | Applied equally to native and sojourner. |
| 61 | Sabbath Year | (implied ἄφεσις) / שְׁמִטָּה | shemittah | বিশ্রামের বছর | Medium | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 25 | |
| 62 | Jubilee | ἄφεσις / יוֹבֵל | aphesis / yovel | যোবেল বছর | High | Sabbath and Sacred Time | 25 | Never মুক্তি despite shared “release” concept (baseline forbids মুক্তি for soteriological terms); this is socio-economic release. |
| 63 | Redeem (verb) | λυτρόω / גָּאַל | lytroō / ga’al | উদ্ধার করা | High | The Sacrificial System (typological bridge) | 25; 27 | Avoid any মুক্তি-rooted rendering. |
| 64 | Redeemer / Kinsman-Redeemer | (agent noun of λυτρόω) / גֹּאֵל | goel | উদ্ধারকর্তা | High | Typological bridge to Christ | 25 | Never মুক্তিদাতা. |
| 65 | Vow | εὐχή / נֶדֶר | euchē / neder | প্রতিজ্ঞা | Critical | Sacred Speech / Holiness | 27 | Reject মানত (Bengali Hindu/Muslim folk shrine-vow term, made to a deity/pir’s tomb for a granted wish) — biblical vow is direct, no intermediary shrine. |
| 66 | Devoted Thing / Ban | ἀνάθεμα / חֵרֶם | anathema / cherem | উৎসর্গীকৃত বস্তু (positive) / বিনাশের জন্য নির্দিষ্ট বস্তু (destruction sense) | High | Holiness of God | 27 | Same root as Paul’s ἀνάθεμα (Gal 1:8-9; Rom 9:3); disambiguate by context every occurrence. |
| 67 | Tithe | δεκάτη / מַעֲשֵׂר | dekatē / ma’aser | দশমাংশ | Low | Priesthood and Mediation | 27 | Established Bengali Christian term. |
| 68 | Firstfruits | ἀπαρχή / רֵאשִׁית, בִּכּוּרִים | aparchē / reshit, bikkurim | প্রথম ফল | Low | Sacrificial System / Sacred Time | 2; 23 | |
| 69 | Salt of the Covenant | ἅλας διαθήκης / מֶלַח בְּרִית | halas diathēkēs / melach berit | নিয়মের লবণ | Medium | Sacrificial System (covenant link) | 2 | Reuses baseline নিয়ম. |
| 70 | Covenant | διαθήκη / בְּרִית | diathēkē / berit | নিয়ম | High | (framework doctrine) | 2; 24; 26 | (baseline reuse) |
| 71 | Hyssop | ὕσσωπος / אֵזוֹב | hyssōpos / ezov | এসোব | Medium | Clean and Unclean (typological) | 14 | Typological thread to Psalm 51:7 and John 19:29. |
| 72 | Molech (proper name) | Μολόχ / מֹלֶך | Moloch | মোলক | Low (proper noun) / High (doctrinal foil) | Sacrificial System (contrast) | 18; 20 | Contrasts true, divinely-ordained sacrifice with pagan child sacrifice. |
| 73 | Gentiles / Nations | ἔθνη / גּוֹיִם | ethnē / goyim | পরজাতি | Medium | (framework doctrine) | 18; 20 | (baseline reuse); distinct from #54 (ger, individual resident sojourner). |
Summary by Risk Tier
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing (per baseline framework) |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 8 | Human theologian review — every occurrence |
| High | 26 | Human theologian review |
| Medium | 30 | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | 9 | Automated review sufficient |
Critical-tier terms requiring theologian sign-off before Phase 2 translation memory finalization: God, LORD (YHWH), Sacrifice/Offering root (বলি family collision), Atonement (প্রায়শ্চিত্ত), Mercy Seat (প্রায়শ্চিত্তের আচ্ছাদন), Scapegoat/Azazel, Bear Iniquity (substitution), Day of Atonement, Vow (reject মানত).
This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json in a subsequent Phase 1 step before any Phase 2 segment translation of Leviticus begins. All reused baseline terms are locked and must not be altered by this curriculum’s additions.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: God / Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Original: θεός / אֱלֹהִים
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. In Leviticus, ঈশ্বর designates the one true God who reveals his statutes to Moses. Kept lexically distinct from সদাপ্রভু (the new OT covenant-name term below); never conflate the two forms.
Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: provu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Reserved exclusively for κύριος addressed to Christ in New Testament contexts. NEVER used in Leviticus’s Old Testament narrative voice, where সদাপ্রভু is the correct rendering of YHWH. Retained here only to prevent Phase 2 translators from confusing the two registers when a curriculum spans both Testaments.
Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণ
Transliteration: poritran
Doctrine: Salvation (background anchor for Jubilee and Redemption)
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Retained here specifically as the fixed soteriological anchor that যোবেল বছর (Jubilee) and উদ্ধার করা (redeem), both below, must never be conflated with; Leviticus’s Jubilee is concrete socio-economic release, not soteriological salvation.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Background bridge term for teaching Leviticus 20:8’s ‘I am the LORD who sanctifies you’ forward to the New Testament’s fuller doctrine of the Spirit’s ongoing sanctifying work.
Lord Yhwh
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: Sadaprovu
Doctrine: God / Divine Covenant Name
Rejected alternatives: প্রভু, ঈশ্বর (as a substitute for the divine name)
Original: κύριος / יהוה
Category: God
New for this book. Renders YHWH, the personal covenant name repeated hundreds of times throughout Leviticus as the speaker/authority behind every statute. Established Bengali OT term, distinct from প্রভু (baseline, reserved for κύριος addressed to Christ). Never conflate the two forms in teaching materials.
Atonement
Approved rendering: প্রায়শ্চিত্ত করা
Transliteration: prayoshchitto kora
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Day of Atonement
Original: ἐξιλάσκομαι / כִּפֶּר
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
The single highest-exposure term in the whole book. প্রায়শ্চিত্ত is also the standard Bengali Hindu term for self-performed religious expiation/penance (fasting, pilgrimage, austerity performed by the sinner). Mandatory standing teaching note on every occurrence: biblical atonement is God-provided, blood-based, and substitutionary — never self-achieved penance. Flag for theologian review every time.
Mercy Seat
Approved rendering: প্রায়শ্চিত্তের আচ্ছাদন
Transliteration: prayoshchitter achchhadon
Doctrine: Day of Atonement
Rejected alternatives: করুণার আসন
Original: ἱλαστήριον / כַּפֹּרֶת
Category: Day of Atonement
Shares LXX vocabulary (ἱλαστήριον) with Romans 3:25, already Critical in the baseline package’s escalation rules. Fix this rendering identically here and in every future cross-reference to Romans 3:25 for typological consistency.
Scapegoat Azazel
Approved rendering: অপসারণের ছাগল (আসাসেল)
Transliteration: oposaroner chagol (Asasel)
Doctrine: The Scapegoat and Substitution
Original: ὁ χίμαρος ὁ ἀποπομπαῖος / עֲזָאזֵל
Category: The Scapegoat and Substitution
The Hebrew la’Azazel admits two scholarly readings (a wilderness demon-figure’s proper name, or a descriptive ‘goat of complete removal’). Prefer the descriptive অপসারণের ছাগল as the primary teaching term; if আসাসেল is used at all, only with an immediate clarifying note that the goat is never sacrificed to Azazel but symbolically carries sin’s guilt away from the camp of God’s people.
Bear Iniquity
Approved rendering: পাপ বহন করা
Transliteration: pap bohon kora
Doctrine: The Scapegoat and Substitution
Original: λήψεται ἐφ’ ἑαυτῷ / נָשָׂא
Category: The Scapegoat and Substitution
The linguistic and theological hinge of the Scapegoat/Substitution doctrine, behind Isaiah 53’s suffering-servant imagery and John 1:29’s ‘Lamb who takes away the sin of the world.’ This exact Bengali verb rendering must be fixed and reused when future curricula on Isaiah 53, John 1:29, and 1 Peter 2:24 are produced.
Day Of Atonement
Approved rendering: প্রায়শ্চিত্তের দিন
Transliteration: prayoshchitter din
Doctrine: Day of Atonement
Original: ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ / יוֹם כִּפֻּר
Category: Day of Atonement
Names the curriculum’s core passage. This once-a-year, blood-based, high-priest-only pattern must be preserved precisely to protect its later fulfillment typology (Hebrews 9-10’s contrast with Christ’s single, unrepeated sacrifice) from being blurred by generic devotional-atonement associations familiar from regional penance practice.
Vow
Approved rendering: প্রতিজ্ঞা
Transliteration: protijna
Doctrine: Vows and Sacred Speech
Rejected alternatives: মানত
Original: εὐχή / נֶדֶר
Category: Sacred Speech
MUST NEVER be rendered মানত, the common Bengali word for a conditional religious promise made at a shrine, a pir’s tomb, or before a deity’s image in exchange for a granted request in both Bengali Hindu and Muslim folk practice. A biblical vow (ch.27) is a direct, binding pledge to God with no intermediary shrine or holy person.
High Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Holiness of God and the Call to Be Holy / Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Original: ἅγιος / קָדוֹש
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. In Leviticus this is the single most recurring theological term outside chapter 16, anchoring the book’s thesis, ‘Be holy, for I am holy’ (19:2). Must be kept lexically distinct from শুচি/অশুচি (Leviticus’s separate ceremonial clean/unclean category, see below) so learners do not conflate moral-relational holiness with ritual fitness.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability / Sacrificial System and Atonement
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Original: ἁμαρτία / חַטָּאָה
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Kept distinct in Leviticus from অশুচিতা (ceremonial uncleanness), a separate, non-moral category the book itself distinguishes throughout chapters 11-15.
Law
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Priesthood and Mediation / Covenant
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম
Original: νόμος / תּוֹרָה
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Denotes the Torah as a whole body of divine instruction, referenced in Leviticus’s chapter-closing torah headings (e.g., 6:9; 7:37; 14:2). Distinct from বিধি/বিধান, the new term below for individual statutes within it.
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Covenant Blessings and Curses
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Original: διαθήκη / בְּרִית
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Frames Leviticus 26’s blessing/curse structure as relational covenant loyalty to a personal God, never a karma-like automatic cause-and-effect (কর্মফল). Also underlies নিয়মের লবণ (salt of the covenant, ch.2) below.
Grace
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: anugroho
Doctrine: Grace (background contrast for the Sacrificial System)
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা, পুণ্য, ভাগ্য
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Not a Leviticus keyword itself, but essential background vocabulary for the mandatory standing teaching notes contrasting God-provided, unmerited atonement with Bengali Hindu self-performed penance (see প্রায়শ্চিত্ত) and votive sacrifice-for-favor (see বলি).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: পবিত্রীকরণ
Transliteration: pobitrikoron
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুদ্ধিকরণ
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. In Leviticus, names God’s own self-identification as ‘the One who sanctifies you’ (20:8; 21:8; 22:32) — holiness bestowed and maintained by God, never self-generated Hindu ritual self-purification (শুদ্ধি).
Most Holy
Approved rendering: মহাপবিত্র
Transliteration: mohapobitro
Doctrine: The Graded Holiness System
Original: ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων / קֹדֶש קָדָשִׁים
Category: Sanctification
New coinage (মহা- + পবিত্র); no prior Bengali Bible precedent. Names the highest gradation of consecrated status (6:25,29; 16:2-33). Must be kept visually and lexically distinct from ordinary পবিত্র in every chart, diagram, and lesson.
Profane
Approved rendering: অপবিত্র করা
Transliteration: opobitro kora
Doctrine: Hallowing and Profaning God’s Name
Original: βεβηλόω / חִלֵּל
Category: Sanctification
Exact morphological antonym of পবিত্র. Must remain the paired negative to পবিত্র so the positive command to hallow God’s name and the warning against profaning it (18:21; 19:12; 20:3; 21:6; 22:2,32; 24:16) stay pedagogically clear, anticipating ‘hallowed be thy name’ in future Gospels curricula.
Uncleanness
Approved rendering: অশুচিতা
Transliteration: oshuchita
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean
Original: ἀκαθαρσία / טֻמְאָה
Category: Clean and Unclean
Abstract noun form of অশুচি. Kept distinct from পাপ (moral sin); an objective, contaminating ceremonial condition, not a moral failure. Must never be taught as equivalent to caste-based purity/untouchability categories still socially operative in parts of Bengal.
Sacrifice Offering
Approved rendering: বলি
Transliteration: boli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: θυσία / קָרְבָּן, זֶבַח
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Also the standard Bengali word for Hindu votive animal sacrifice (e.g., Kali/Durga puja bali) offered by a worshiper to secure a deity’s favor. Retained as the established Bengali Bible term because no unloaded alternative exists; requires the standing teaching contrast that biblical sacrifice is God-instituted and substitutionary — provided BY God TO the sinner, never a human transaction offered to appease a deity.
Burnt Offering
Approved rendering: হোমবলি
Transliteration: homboli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: ὁλοκαύτωμα / עֹלָה
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
হোম evokes the Sanskrit/Hindu Vedic fire-ritual (homa/yajna). Retained as the established Bengali Bible rendering, with a standing translator note distinguishing this once-mandated, blood-based, wholly-consecrating act from repeatable Vedic homa fire ritual.
Grain Offering
Approved rendering: শস্য-নৈবেদ্য
Transliteration: shosyo-noibeddo
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: θυσία, δῶρον / מִנְחָה
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
নৈবেদ্য is the standard Bengali Hindu term for food offered before a deity’s image and later redistributed as blessed prasad. Requires an explicit standing note that the biblical grain offering is presented to the one true God and never returned to the worshiper as a blessed substance.
Unclean
Approved rendering: অশুচি
Transliteration: oshuchi
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean
Original: ἀκάθαρτος / טָמֵא
Category: Clean and Unclean
Names a remediable ceremonial-legal status, never a fixed permanent stain on personhood. Must be handled with explicit contrastive teaching so it never reinforces caste-based purity/untouchability categories still socially live in parts of the Bengal region.
Clean
Approved rendering: শুচি
Transliteration: shuchi
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean
Original: καθαρός / טָהוֹר
Category: Clean and Unclean
Deliberately distinct from পবিত্র (moral/relational holiness). This ceremonial-legal category must not be conflated with New Testament moral holiness or salvation status in later curricula.
Distinguish
Approved rendering: পার্থক্য করা
Transliteration: parthokyo kora
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation
Original: διαστέλλω / לְהַבְדִּיל
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Names the priest’s core mediatorial-teaching task of discerning and teaching holy/common and clean/unclean (10:10). Central to the Priesthood and Mediation doctrine; must not be reduced to a passive ritual-sorting role but an authoritative teaching function.
Altar
Approved rendering: বেদি
Transliteration: bedi
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Rejected alternatives: যজ্ঞবেদি
Original: θυσιαστήριον / מִזְבֵּח
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
যজ্ঞবেদি would directly evoke the Vedic Hindu yajna fire-sacrifice ritual; recommend the unprefixed বেদি with a standing note that the altar itself requires divine consecration and is not automatically holy by construction alone.
Incense
Approved rendering: ধূপ
Transliteration: dhup
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Day of Atonement
Original: θυμίαμα / קְטֹרֶת
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
The everyday Bengali Hindu/Buddhist devotional incense-stick word, used constantly in home and temple puja. Retained for lack of an unloaded alternative, but requires a standing translator note that biblical incense (16:12-13) is a once-a-year, divinely mandated, mortal-stakes act tied to substitutionary blood atonement, not a repeatable devotional offering a worshiper may perform at will.
Blood
Approved rendering: রক্ত
Transliteration: rokto
Doctrine: Sanctity of Blood and Life
Original: αἷμα / דָּם
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Lexically low-risk but doctrinally central; every occurrence in chapters 16-17 must be kept vivid and literal, never softened into a generic metaphor for ‘sacrifice.‘
Life Soul
Approved rendering: প্রাণ
Transliteration: pran
Doctrine: Sanctity of Blood and Life
Original: ψυχή / נֶפֶש
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
প্রাণ can carry a yogic/cosmic life-force (prana) connotation in some Bengali registers. A translator note must anchor it strictly to ‘the animate life a creature possesses’ (17:11), not a cosmic life-energy concept.
Without Blemish
Approved rendering: নির্দোষ / ত্রুটিহীন
Transliteration: nirdosh / trutihin
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: ἄμωμος / תָּמִים
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Physical soundness required in sacrificial animals (ch.1), later applied typologically to Christ as the perfect, unblemished sacrifice (1 Pet 1:19). In chapter 21’s application to disqualify physically blemished priests, modern teaching must explicitly avoid implying that persons with disabilities are of lesser spiritual worth — the regulation concerned qualification for a specific typological office, not personal value before God.
Cut Off
Approved rendering: উচ্ছেদ করা হবে
Transliteration: uchched kora hobe
Doctrine: The Holiness of God and the Call to Be Holy
Original: ἐξολεθρεύω / כָּרַת
Category: Holiness of God
Recurring judicial formula of divine judgment for covenant violation (chs.7,17,18,20,23). Must never be softened into ordinary social-disapproval language; the formula carries covenantal, sometimes capital, weight.
Holy Place
Approved rendering: পবিত্র স্থান / মহাপবিত্র স্থান
Transliteration: pobitro sthan / mohapobitro sthan
Doctrine: Day of Atonement / Holiness of God
Original: τὸ ἅγιον / τὰ ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων
Category: Day of Atonement
The two grades must be kept visually and lexically distinct throughout chapter 16’s narrative of restricted, mediated access. Never abbreviate মহাপবিত্র স্থান to পবিত্র স্থান.
Glory Of The Lord
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর মহিমা
Transliteration: sadaprovur mohima
Doctrine: Divine Validation of Worship / Holiness of God
Original: δόξα κυρίου / כְּבוֹד יְהוָה
Category: God
Reuses baseline মহিমা root paired with সদাপ্রভু (see above). Confirms the sacrificial and priestly system (ch.9) as divinely instituted, not human invention. Baseline মহিমা is retained specifically to avoid the Hindu light/deity-aura (তেজ, জ্যোতি) association.
Strange Fire
Approved rendering: অননুমোদিত আগুন
Transliteration: ononnumodito agun
Doctrine: Unauthorized Worship (Strange Fire)
Original: πῦρ ἀλλότριον / אֵש זָרָה
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Nadab and Abihu’s judgment (10:1-2) warns against improvised or syncretistically blended worship not commanded by God — directly relevant to ongoing folk-religious ritual admixture concerns in the region. Sincerity is never presented as a substitute for obedience to God’s revealed worship instructions.
Love
Approved rendering: প্রেম (noun) / ভালোবাসা (verb)
Transliteration: prem / bhalobasha
Doctrine: Love of Neighbor (Leviticus 19:18)
Original: ἀγαπάω / אָהַב
Category: Love of Neighbor
প্রেম carries strong Vaishnava-devotional romantic-divine connotations (Radha-Krishna prem-lila) in wider Bengali culture, offset partially by established Christian liturgical usage (১ করিন্থীয় ১৩, ‘প্রেমের অধ্যায়’). ভালোবাসা is recommended as the more religiously neutral choice for the verbal command ‘love your neighbor as yourself’ (19:18, 34). This verb/noun split is FLAGGED FOR THEOLOGIAN SIGN-OFF and is not fully closed by this Phase 1 package.
Medium Spiritist
Approved rendering: গণক / মন্ত্রতান্ত্রিক
Transliteration: gonok / montrotantrik
Doctrine: Prohibition of Occult and Necromantic Practices
Original: ἐγγαστρίμυθος, γνώστης / אוֹב, יִדְּעֹנִי
Category: Holiness of God
Names occult practitioners claiming access to hidden knowledge or the spirits of the dead (19:26,31; 20:6,27). Live pastoral relevance given ongoing regional folk-spiritist and tantric practice; phrase to forbid the practice without appearing to affirm the reality/efficacy of the spirits supposedly consulted.
The One Who Sanctifies
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভু যিনি তোমাদের পবিত্র করেন
Transliteration: sadaprovu jini tomader pobitro koren
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ὁ ἁγιάζων ὑμᾶς / מְקַדֶּשְׁכֶם
Category: Sanctification
Reuses the baseline পবিত্র(ীকরণ) root. God’s self-identification as the active source of Israel’s holy status (chs.20-22); holiness is bestowed and maintained by God himself, not self-generated through law-keeping.
Jubilee
Approved rendering: যোবেল বছর
Transliteration: yobel bochor
Doctrine: Jubilee and Redemption
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি
Original: ἄφεσις / יוֹבֵל
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
The fiftieth-year institution of land return, debt cancellation, and slave release. The shared ‘release’ concept must NEVER use মুক্তি (already forbidden in baseline for its Hindu moksha/rebirth-liberation association). Gloss contextually as socio-economic release (land, debt, slavery) only, never conflated with soteriological পরিত্রাণ.
Redeem
Approved rendering: উদ্ধার করা
Transliteration: uddhar kora
Doctrine: Jubilee and Redemption
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি-ভিত্তিক রেন্ডারিং
Original: λυτρόω / גָּאַל
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Recovering land, property, or persons from bondage through payment by a qualified near relative. Avoids any মুক্তি-rooted rendering; redemption in Leviticus is concrete and economic, providing the literal backdrop for New Testament spiritual redemption imagery.
Redeemer
Approved rendering: উদ্ধারকর্তা
Transliteration: uddharkorta
Doctrine: Jubilee and Redemption
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তিদাতা
Original: (agent noun of λυτρόω) / גֹּאֵל
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
The specific near-relative (go’el) empowered and obligated to redeem lost land, property, or persons; never মুক্তিদাতা. Sets up the vivid legal-family image later applied typologically to Christ as Redeemer.
Devoted Thing
Approved rendering: উৎসর্গীকৃত বস্তু / বিনাশের জন্য নির্দিষ্ট বস্তু
Transliteration: utsorgikrito bostu / binasher jonyo nirdishto bostu
Doctrine: Vows and Sacred Speech / The Holiness of God
Original: ἀνάθεμα / חֵרֶם
Category: Holiness of God
The same root behind Paul’s ἀνάθεμα (Gal 1:8-9; Rom 9:3). The two senses (positive dedication / judicial destruction) must be disambiguated by context in every occurrence, never flattened into a single Bengali word.
Medium Risk Terms
Gentiles
Approved rendering: পরজাতি
Transliteration: porojati
Doctrine: Contrast with Pagan Sacrifice / Unity of Peoples
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Original: ἔθνη / גּוֹיִם
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unaltered. Referenced in Leviticus’s warnings against adopting the practices of surrounding nations (chs.18, 20). Distinct from প্রবাসী (ger), the new term below denoting an individual resident sojourner among Israel.
Iniquity Transgression
Approved rendering: অপরাধ
Transliteration: oporadh
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Scapegoat and Substitution
Original: ἀνομία, ἀσέβημα / עָוֹן, פֶּשַׁע
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Distinct nuance from পাপ; a stacked near-synonym (willful guilt/rebellion) in confession formulas such as Leviticus 16:16, 21. The stacking of near-synonyms signals comprehensive, multidimensional guilt-transfer onto the scapegoat and should be preserved, not collapsed into a single Bengali word.
Peace Offering
Approved rendering: মঙ্গলার্থক বলি
Transliteration: monggolarthok boli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: θυσία σωτηρίου / שְׁלָמִים
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Shares an LXX root (σωτηρίου) with the পরিত্রাণ (salvation) word family, but here denotes general well-being/fellowship, not salvation proper. The two must not be conflated in teaching.
Sin Offering
Approved rendering: পাপার্থক বলি
Transliteration: paparthok boli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: περὶ ἁμαρτίας / חַטָּאת
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Built on পাপ. Responsibility scales with office (priest, leader, individual) across chapters 4-5, reinforcing that greater mediating authority requires costlier atonement.
Guilt Offering
Approved rendering: দোষার্থক বলি
Transliteration: doshharthok boli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: πλημμέλεια / אָשָׁם
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Requires accompanying restitution (+20%, ch.5-6). Teach vertical reconciliation with God and horizontal reconciliation with the wronged neighbor as joined, not separated.
Detestable Abomination
Approved rendering: ঘৃণার্হ (কাজ)
Transliteration: ghrinarho (kaj)
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean / Sexual Morality and Prohibited Practices
Original: βδέλυγμα / שֶׁקֶץ, תּוֹעֵבָה
Category: Clean and Unclean
Renders two distinct Hebrew intensities (sheqets: forbidden foods, ch.11; to’evah: grave moral/religious violations, chs.18, 20) identically in Bengali; context notes must flag which nuance is active at each occurrence.
Leprosy Skin Disease
Approved rendering: কুষ্ঠরোগ / চর্মরোগ
Transliteration: kushthorog / chormorog
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean
Original: λέπρα / צָרַעַת
Category: Clean and Unclean
কুষ্ঠরোগ carries heavy historical social-stigma associations in Bengali culture (outcast status, forced isolation). A translator note must clarify tzaraat’s broader technical scope (including mold/mildew, ch.14) to avoid narrowing to modern Hansen’s-disease stigma alone.
Priest
Approved rendering: যাজক
Transliteration: jajok
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation
Rejected alternatives: পুরোহিত
Original: ἱερεύς / כֹּהֵן
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
MUST NEVER be রেন্ডার as পুরোহিত, the standard Bengali term for a Hindu Brahmin caste-based hereditary ritual priest. The Aaronic office is divinely appointed and sin-atoning, not caste-inherited ritual status; conflation risks importing a caste framework into a typologically Christ-pointing office.
High Priest
Approved rendering: মহাযাজক
Transliteration: mohajajok
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation / Day of Atonement
Original: ἀρχιερεύς / כֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Follows the established Bengali Bible pattern of prefixing মহা- for the office uniquely authorized to enter the Most Holy Place once a year (Lev 16; 21).
Anoint
Approved rendering: অভিষেক-তেল / অভিষিক্ত করা
Transliteration: obhishek-tel / obhishikto kora
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation / Ordination of Priests
Original: χρῖσμα, ἀλείφω / מִשְׁחָה
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Preserves the conceptual root shared with baseline খ্রীষ্ট (‘the Anointed One’). Worth surfacing pedagogically: the priesthood is entered by God’s appointment and consecration alone, never self-appointment or caste birth.
Ordain Consecrate
Approved rendering: অভিষিক্ত করে নিয়োগ করা
Transliteration: obhishikto kore niyog kora
Doctrine: Ordination and Consecration of the Priesthood
Original: τελειόω / מִלֻּא יָדַיִם
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Renders the idiom ‘filling of the hand’ (millu yadayim). Conveys ordination as God’s act of equipping and authorizing, not self-appointment (ch.8).
Lay Hands
Approved rendering: হাত রাখা
Transliteration: hat rakha
Doctrine: The Scapegoat and Substitution
Original: ἐπιθήσει τὰς χεῖρας / סָמַךְ יָדַיִם
Category: The Scapegoat and Substitution
Ritual gesture of physical contact identifying the offerer (or the nation, via the high priest) with the sacrificial animal, symbolically transferring guilt. Teaching notes should connect this gesture to Isaiah 53 and 1 Peter 2:24 in later curriculum materials.
Confess
Approved rendering: স্বীকার করা
Transliteration: shikar kora
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Day of Atonement
Original: ἐξαγορεύω / הִתְוַדָּה
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Signals that atonement includes deliberate, specific verbal acknowledgment of sin spoken aloud over the sacrificial substitute (5:5; 16:21), not silent ritual alone.
Sabbath Of Solemn Rest
Approved rendering: মহাবিশ্রামের দিন
Transliteration: mohabishramer din
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time / Day of Atonement
Original: σάββατα σαββάτων / שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Intensified sabbath rest applied to the Day of Atonement, more solemn than the weekly Sabbath (16:29-31); ties the Day of Atonement to the broader Sabbath and Sacred Time doctrine developed fully in chapter 23.
Perpetual Statute
Approved rendering: চিরস্থায়ী বিধি
Transliteration: chirosthayi bidhi
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: νόμιμον αἰώνιον / חֻקַּת עוֹלָם
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Marks certain ordinances (e.g., the Day of Atonement, ch.16, 23; the fat/blood prohibition, ch.3) as fixed, repeated national observance, not optional custom.
Statute Ordinance
Approved rendering: বিধি / বিধান
Transliteration: bidhi / bidhan
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation
Original: νόμιμα, κρίσις / חֻקָּה, מִשְׁפָּט
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Distinct from ব্যবস্থা (the Torah as a whole); denotes specific individual statutes within it, recurring throughout the priestly instructions.
Sabbath
Approved rendering: বিশ্রামবার / শাব্বাৎ
Transliteration: bishrambar / shabbat
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: σάββατον / שַׁבָּת
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Weekly cessation from labor, first of the appointed sacred times (23:3). Note distinguishing OT weekly Sabbath observance from the New Testament church’s later shift to first-day gathering, flagged for later curricula rather than resolved here.
Appointed Feasts
Approved rendering: পর্ব
Transliteration: porbo
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Rejected alternatives: উৎসব
Original: ἑορτή / מוֹעֵד
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Recommended over উৎসব, which carries strong specific association with major Hindu festival culture (e.g., দুর্গোৎসব, Durga Puja). পর্ব is comparatively neutral and already the established Bengali Bible term for নিস্তারপর্ব (Passover).
Tent Of Meeting
Approved rendering: সমাগম-তাম্বু
Transliteration: shomagom-tambu
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation / God’s Dwelling Presence Among His People
Original: σκηνή / אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד, מִשְׁכָּן
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
The portable sanctuary where God meets Israel through the mediating priesthood. Establishes God’s willingness to dwell among his people through mediated, atonement-based access.
Neighbor
Approved rendering: প্রতিবেশী
Transliteration: protibeshi
Doctrine: Love of Neighbor (Leviticus 19:18)
Original: πλησίον / רֵעַ
Category: Love of Neighbor
Must be taught as broader than one’s immediate residential neighbor, extending explicitly to the প্রবাসী (resident sojourner) per 19:34.
Sojourner
Approved rendering: প্রবাসী
Transliteration: probashi
Doctrine: Love of Neighbor (Leviticus 19:18)
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Original: προσήλυτος / גֵּר
Category: Love of Neighbor
A non-Israelite resident living among Israel, explicitly included under the neighbor-love command (19:34). বিদেশী (foreigner) rejected as too distancing. Distinct from baseline পরজাতি (Gentiles/nations generally).
Fear Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরকে ভয় করা
Transliteration: ishshorke bhoy kora
Doctrine: The Holiness of God and the Call to Be Holy
Original: φοβέομαι / יָרֵא
Category: Holiness of God
Recurring motive clause throughout chapter 19 grounding ethical commands in reverence for God, not terror. Always paired with ঈশ্বর/সদাপ্রভু as its object.
Blasphemy
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরনিন্দা করা
Transliteration: ishshorninda kora
Doctrine: Hallowing and Profaning God’s Name
Original: βλασφημέω / קלל
Category: Holiness of God
Established Bengali Christian term for verbal contempt or cursing directed at God (ch.24), treated as a capital matter.
Sabbath Year
Approved rendering: বিশ্রামের বছর
Transliteration: bishramer bochor
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: (implied ἄφεσις) / שְׁמִטָּה
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
The seventh-year institution of letting the land rest and lie fallow (25:1-7); extends the Sabbath principle to the agricultural calendar.
Salt Of The Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়মের লবণ
Transliteration: niyomer labon
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement / Covenant
Original: ἅλας διαθήκης / מֶלַח בְּרִית
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Reuses baseline নিয়ম (covenant). Every grain offering is bound to God’s covenant faithfulness, not a free-floating ritual act.
Hyssop
Approved rendering: এসোব
Transliteration: esob
Doctrine: Clean and Unclean
Original: ὕσσωπος / אֵזוֹב
Category: Clean and Unclean
A bushy herb used with water/blood for ritual sprinkling and cleansing (ch.14). Transliteration with a botanical footnote; flagged for its typological significance connecting Psalm 51:7 and John 19:29.
Molech
Approved rendering: মোলক
Transliteration: molok
Doctrine: Contrast with Pagan Sacrifice
Original: Μολόχ / מֹלֶך
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Proper noun (a Canaanite deity associated with child sacrifice, chs.18, 20); simple transliteration is low-risk mechanically, but functions as a crucial doctrinal foil — God’s own sacrificial system must never be read as belonging to the same transactional-appeasement category being condemned here.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving Offering
Approved rendering: ধন্যবাদ-বলি
Transliteration: dhonnobad-boli
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: αἴνεσις / תּוֹדָה
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Builds on baseline ধন্যবাদ (thanksgiving). A subtype of peace offering presented in gratitude rather than in fulfillment of a vow. Low doctrinal ambiguity.
Passover
Approved rendering: নিস্তারপর্ব
Transliteration: nistarporbo
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: πάσχα / פֶּסַח
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Established, stable Bengali Bible term. Later reinterpreted by Christ at the Last Supper and by Paul (1 Cor 5:7).
Feast Of Weeks
Approved rendering: পঞ্চাশত্তমীর পর্ব
Transliteration: ponchashottomir porbo
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: πεντηκοστή (implied) / שָׁבֻעוֹת
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Flagged for forward continuity to Acts 2’s Pentecost outpouring of the Spirit.
Feast Of Trumpets
Approved rendering: তূরী-ধ্বনির পর্ব
Transliteration: turi-dhonir porbo
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: σάλπιγξ (implied) / יוֹם תְּרוּעָה
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
One of the autumn appointed times (23:24). Low doctrinal ambiguity.
Feast Of Tabernacles
Approved rendering: কুটিরবাসের পর্ব
Transliteration: kutirbaser porbo
Doctrine: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Original: σκηνοπηγία / סֻכּוֹת
Category: Sabbath and Sacred Time
Commemorates God’s provision and presence during Israel’s wilderness sojourn. Carries a forward-note to the Incarnation doctrine’s ἐσκήνωσεν imagery (John 1:14, baseline দেহধারণ).
Bread Of The Presence
Approved rendering: সান্নিধ্যের রুটি
Transliteration: shannidhyer ruti
Doctrine: God’s Dwelling Presence Among His People
Original: ἄρτοι τοῦ προσώπου / לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Twelve loaves perpetually displayed before God (ch.24), a continual sign of covenant provision and presence. Low doctrinal ambiguity.
Eye For Eye
Approved rendering: চোখের বদলে চোখ
Transliteration: chokher bodle chokh
Doctrine: Justice and Impartiality for Native and Sojourner
Original: ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ / עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן
Category: Love of Neighbor
Judicial proportionality principle applied equally to native Israelite and resident sojourner alike (24:22); should not be taught as sanctioning private vengeance.
Tithe
Approved rendering: দশমাংশ
Transliteration: doshmangsho
Doctrine: The Priesthood and Mediation
Original: δεκάτη / מַעֲשֵׂר
Category: Priesthood and Mediation
Established Bengali Christian term for the fixed proportion given to God as an act of worship and covenant loyalty (ch.27).
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: প্রথম ফল
Transliteration: prothom fol
Doctrine: Sacrificial System and Atonement
Original: ἀπαρχή / רֵאשִׁית, בִּכּוּרִים
Category: Sacrificial System and Atonement
The first and best portion of the harvest given to God before personal consumption (ch.2, 23). Low doctrinal ambiguity.
Referenced passages