Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Haggai
English → Bengali | Full-Book Term Glossary with Translation Risk
Curriculum doctrines: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest · Obedience and Blessing · The Presence and Spirit of God with His People · The Coming Glory of the Temple
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md across the whole book of Haggai (chapters 1–2). Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked REUSED and must be rendered identically; terms unique to Haggai’s Old Testament register are marked NEW and must be added to translation memory before Phase 2 processing begins.
1. Divine Names and Titles
| Term | Original (Hebrew) | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Baseline Status | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LORD (covenant name) | יְהוָה | YHWH | সদাপ্রভু | Critical | 1:1–2:23 (throughout) | NEW — critical addition | Must be kept distinct from প্রভু (baseline’s fixed rendering of κύριος/kyrios) and from generic ঈশ্বর. This distinction is foundational to Bengali Bible OT tradition and must be enforced identically in every future OT curriculum this pipeline produces. |
| God (as category/relational term) | אֱלֹהִים / “the LORD their God” | Elohim | ঈশ্বর | Critical | 1:12 | REUSED | Reuse baseline god entry exactly; never ভগবান or আল্লাহ. |
| LORD of hosts | יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת | YHWH Tseva’ot | বাহিনীগণের সদাপ্রভু | High | 1:2,5,7,9; 2:4,6,7,8,9,11,23 (refrain) | NEW | Never শক্তি (per baseline power_of_god prohibition — Shakta-Hindu goddess-power association). |
| word of the LORD | דְּבַר־יְהוָה | devar-YHWH | সদাপ্রভুর বাক্য | High | 1:1,3; 2:1,10,20 | NEW | Authoritative divine message, not generic speech. |
2. Proper Names
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haggai | חַגַּי | Chaggai | হগয় | Low | 1:1,3,12,13; 2:1,10,13,14,20 | Established transliteration pattern. |
| Zerubbabel | זְרֻבָּבֶל | Zerubbabel | সরুব্বাবিল | Medium | 1:1,12,14; 2:2,4,21,23 | Davidic-line governor; ties to election/servant doctrine in 2:20–23. |
| Joshua (high priest) | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ | Yehoshua | যিহোশূয় | Low | 1:1,12,14; 2:2,4 | Not to be confused with New Testament যীশু (Jesus); distinct persons, note if adjacency risks confusion. |
| Jehozadak | יְהוֹצָדָק | Yehotsadaq | যিহোষাদক | Low | 1:1,12,14; 2:2,4 | Patronymic of Joshua the high priest. |
| Darius (the king) | דָּרְיָוֶשׁ | Daryavesh | দারিয়াবস | Low | 1:1,15; 2:10 | Persian king; establishes historical/dating framework. |
| Judah | יְהוּדָה | Yehudah | যিহূদা | Medium | 1:1,12,14; 2:2 | Established Bengali Bible proper-name form. |
3. God’s House versus Self-Interest
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| house of the LORD | בֵּית־יְהוָה | beit-YHWH | সদাপ্রভুর গৃহ | High | 1:2,4,9,14; 2:3,7,9,15,18 | গৃহ (sacred/formal) vs. বাড়ি (ordinary) is the load-bearing lexical contrast of the whole book; must never be flattened to one word. Distinct from মণ্ডলী (baseline church). |
| his own house / my house | בֵּיתוֹ / בֵּיתִי | beito / beiti | তার নিজের বাড়ি / আমার গৃহ | High | 1:9 | The central rhetorical hinge of “God’s House versus Self-Interest”; the গৃহ/বাড়ি contrast must be sustained without exception. |
| paneled/cieled houses | בָּתִּים סְפוּנִים | batim sefunim | কাষ্ঠাচ্ছাদিত সুসজ্জিত বাড়ি | Medium | 1:4 | Comparative luxury image, not a plain “house.” |
| waste, ruin, desolate | חָרֵב | chareb | ধ্বংসপ্রাপ্ত/পতিত অবস্থা | Medium | 1:4,9 | Describes the temple’s neglected state. |
| consider your ways | שִׂימוּ לְבַבְכֶם עַל־דַּרְכֵיכֶם | simu levavkhem al-darkeikhem | তোমাদের আচরণের প্রতি মনোযোগ দাও | Medium | 1:5,7 | Structural refrain; diagnostic self-examination. |
| bag with holes | צְרוֹר נָקוּב | tserur nakuv | ছিদ্রযুক্ত থলি | Medium | 1:6 | Vivid covenant-curse futility image (cf. Deuteronomy 28). |
4. Obedience and Blessing
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| obey the voice of the LORD | קוֹל יְהוָה … שָׁמְעוּ | qol YHWH … shame’u | সদাপ্রভুর বাণী মান্য করলেন | High | 1:12 | Active, responsive obedience; distinct from but related to baseline’s obedience_of_faith (বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা), which is specifically NT faith-flowing obedience. Do not substitute one compound for the other without a note. |
| fear (of the LORD) | יָרֵא | yare | সদাপ্রভুর ভয় | Medium | 1:12 | Never শ্রদ্ধা (rejected in baseline faith entry for Hindu devotional-reverence connotations). |
| stir up (a spirit/will) | עוּר (Hiphil) | he’ir | উদ্দীপ্ত করলেন | Medium | 1:14 | Preserves divine initiative behind human action. |
| bless | בָּרַךְ | barakh | আশীর্বাদ করব | Medium | 2:19 | Free covenantal favor following restored obedience, not a mechanical merit-transaction (cf. baseline grace prohibition on পুণ্য/merit-accounting). |
| law / instruction | תּוֹרָה | torah | ব্যবস্থা | High | 2:11 | REUSED exactly from baseline law; never ধর্ম or শরিয়ত. |
| unclean | טָמֵא | tame | অশুচি | Medium | 2:13,14 | Correct here: literal ritual/ceremonial impurity, consistent with baseline’s carve-out distinguishing ritual impurity from পাপ (moral sin). |
| holy | קֹדֶשׁ | qodesh | পবিত্র | Medium | 2:12 | REUSED exactly from baseline holy; flag ritual-contagion nuance specific to this passage with a translator note. |
5. Presence and Spirit of God with His People
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I am with you | אֲנִי אִתְּכֶם | ani ittkhem | আমি তোমাদের সঙ্গে আছি | High | 1:13; 2:4 | Personal, covenantal presence — distinct from Hindu Brahman/paramatma immanence and Sufi hadhra mysticism. |
| my Spirit remains among you | רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכְכֶם | ruchi omedet betokhkhem | আমার আত্মা তোমাদের মধ্যে অবস্থান করছে | Critical | 2:5 | Direct OT continuity with NT পবিত্র আত্মা (Holy Spirit, baseline holy_spirit, Critical risk). Never ব্রহ্ম or পরমাত্মা. Requires translator note bridging OT/NT Spirit doctrine. |
| spirit (human, stirred by God) | רוּחַ | ruach | আত্মা | High | 1:14 | Must be distinguished by translator note from 2:5’s divine “my Spirit”; do not render both identically as পবিত্র আত্মা without qualification. |
| peace | שָׁלוֹם | shalom | শান্তি | Medium | 2:9 | REUSED exactly from baseline peace; relational/covenantal, not mere calm. |
6. The Coming Glory of the Temple
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glory / be glorified | כָּבוֹד / אֶכָּבֵד | kavod / ekkabed | মহিমা / মহিমান্বিত হব | High | 1:8; 2:3,7,9 | REUSED exactly from baseline glory; never তেজ or জ্যোতি. LXX bridge: δόξα. |
| shake (heavens and earth) | רָעַשׁ | ra’ash | আন্দোলিত/কম্পিত করব | Medium | 2:6,7,21 | Cosmic-eschatological, not local; cf. Hebrews 12:26–27 (NT quotation). |
| desire of all nations / treasures of all nations | חֶמְדַּת כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם | chemdat kol-hagoyim | সমস্ত জাতির বাঞ্ছিত ধন | Critical | 2:7 | Genuinely disputed rendering (personal messianic “Desired One” vs. material “treasures”); mandatory footnote and human theologian review in every instance. Directly touches baseline’s messiah / Messianic Promise Critical-risk doctrine. |
| signet ring | חוֹתָם | chotam | সীলমোহর | Medium | 2:23 | Intertextual reversal of Jeremiah 22:24 (Jehoiachin’s signet removed); recommend translator note. |
| choose / elect | בָּחַר | bachar | মনোনীত করেছি | High | 2:23 | Continuous with baseline election (ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন); never ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, or কর্মফল. |
| servant | עֶבֶד | eved | দাস | Medium | 2:23 | Honorific covenant title (cf. “my servant David/Moses”), not low social status. |
7. Agricultural / Economic Imagery (Supporting Vocabulary)
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sow | זָרַע | zara | বীজ বপন করা | Low | 1:6 | — |
| wage-earner | מִשְׂתַּכֵּר | mistaker | মজুরি উপার্জনকারী | Low | 1:6 | — |
| take pleasure in | רָצָה | ratzah | সন্তুষ্ট/আনন্দিত হব | Medium | 1:8 | Sacrificial-acceptance nuance. |
| blow away | נָפַח | naphach | ফুঁ দিয়ে উড়িয়ে দিলাম | Medium | 1:9 | Personal divine agency, not impersonal misfortune. |
| sky/heavens | שָׁמַיִם | shamayim | আকাশ | Low-Medium | 1:10 | Meteorological sense; disambiguate from eschatological স্বর্গ by context. |
| dew | טַל | tal | শিশির | Low | 1:10 | — |
| withhold | כָּלָא | kala | রোধ করা | Low-Medium | 1:10 | Personal divine restraint. |
| drought | חֹרֶב | choreb | অনাবৃষ্টি | Low | 1:11 | Lexically related to but distinct from חָרֵב (waste, 1:4); footnote recommended. |
| labor of the hands | יְגִיעַ כַּפָּיִם | yegia kapayim | হাতের শ্রমফল | Low | 1:11 | — |
| work/task | מְלָאכָה | melakhah | কাজ | Medium | 1:14 | Never কর্ম (karma association, per baseline election/providence prohibitions). |
| remnant | שְׁאָר הָעָם | she’ar ha’am | অবশিষ্ট লোক | High | 1:12,14; 2:2 | Technical prophetic term for the faithful covenant core after judgment, not a neutral demographic residue. |
8. Administrative/Office Titles
| Term | Original | Transliteration | Bengali Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| governor | פֶּחָה | pechah | শাসনকর্তা | Medium | 1:1,14; 2:2,21 | Persian provincial administrator; not full royal sovereignty. |
| high priest | הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל | hakohen hagadol | প্রধান যাজক | Medium | 1:1,12,14; 2:2,4 | Established Bengali Christian term; distinct from other traditions’ religious-leader titles. |
| prophet | — (title applied to Haggai) | — | ভাববাদী | Low | 1:1,3,12; 2:1,10 | REUSED exactly from baseline prophet. |
Summary Statistics
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 3 (YHWH/সদাপ্রভু; “my Spirit remains”; “desire of all nations”) | Human theologian |
| High | 11 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 18 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 12 | Automated review |
Reused from Romans baseline exactly: ঈশ্বর (god), ব্যবস্থা (law), পবিত্র (holy), শান্তি (peace), মহিমা (glory), ভাববাদী (prophet), ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন root (election).
New terms requiring addition to translation memory before Phase 2: সদাপ্রভু (YHWH — Critical, highest priority), বাহিনীগণের সদাপ্রভু (LORD of hosts), সদাপ্রভুর বাক্য (word of the LORD), সদাপ্রভুর গৃহ vs. বাড়ি (house-contrast pair), অবশিষ্ট লোক (remnant), আমার আত্মা / “my Spirit remains” (Critical, requires OT/NT Spirit-doctrine bridging note), সমস্ত জাতির বাঞ্ছিত ধন (desire/treasures of all nations — Critical, disputed), সীলমোহর (signet ring), and all proper names (হগয়, সরুব্বাবিল, যিহোশূয়, যিহোষাদক, দারিয়াবস).
Cross-reference: analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md for full verse-by-verse and chapter-by-chapter theological argumentation supporting each entry above.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / God as Category (Elohim)
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for every occurrence of אֱלֹהִים (Elohim, e.g. Haggai 1:12 ‘the LORD their God’). Must be kept distinct from সদাপ্রভু (YHWH, the covenant name) — see the new yhwh entry below. Never ভগবান (Hindu devotional address) or আল্লাহ (Islamic-idiom option).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: The Presence and Spirit of God with His People
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Inherited from Romans package. Serves as the mandatory NT anchor-point for the translator note required at the new my_spirit_remains entry (Haggai 2:5), which is doctrinally continuous with this term. Never ব্রহ্ম (impersonal Hindu Absolute) or পরমাত্মা (universal Self).
Messiah
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্ট
Transliteration: Khrishto
Doctrine: Messianic Expectation: The Desire of All Nations
Rejected alternatives: মশীহ, অবতার পুরুষ
Inherited from Romans package. Cited as the fixed cross-reference term whenever study notes connect Haggai 2:7’s disputed ‘desire of all nations’ to the historic Christian messianic-typological reading. Never মশীহ (Qur’anic-idiom, shared with Bengali Muslim usage) outside explicitly Muslim-background outreach material with framing.
Yhwh
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: Shodaprovu
Doctrine: The Covenant Name of God (YHWH)
Rejected alternatives: প্রভু, ঈশ্বর, আল্লাহ
Original: יְהוָה
Category: God
NEW — highest-priority addition. Established Bengali OT covenant-name convention for יְהוָה. Must never collapse into প্রভু (baseline’s fixed rendering of κύριος/kyrios in the Romans NT material) or generic ঈশ্বর (Elohim/theos as a category). Every oracle in Haggai (nearly every verse) is framed as direct speech under this specific covenant name; a single lapse into a generic term is far more noticeable here than in NT material where κύριος/θεός are the operative terms instead.
My Spirit Remains
Approved rendering: আমার আত্মা তোমাদের মধ্যে অবস্থান করছে
Transliteration: amar attha tomader moddhye oboSthan korchhe
Doctrine: The Presence and Spirit of God with His People
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা, সৃষ্ট আত্মা (created spirit/jinn-like rendering)
Original: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכְכֶם
Category: God
Fixed rendering of רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכְכֶם (2:5), the abiding presence of God’s own Spirit among the covenant community. Requires a MANDATORY translator note bridging this OT ‘my Spirit’ forward to the NT পবিত্র আত্মা (Holy Spirit, baseline Critical-risk holy_spirit entry). NEVER ব্রহ্ম or পরমাত্মা (impersonal Hindu Absolute/Universal Self, permanently rejected in baseline), nor a term suggesting a mere created angelic/jinn-like spirit as in some Islamic-idiom readings of rūḥ. Must be kept lexically distinguishable in context from spirit_human_stirred (1:14) despite sharing the base word আত্মা.
Desire Of All Nations
Approved rendering: সমস্ত জাতির বাঞ্ছিত ধন
Transliteration: shomosto jatir banchhito dhon
Doctrine: Messianic Expectation: The Desire of All Nations
Rejected alternatives: একটি একক অনুবাদে সমাধান করা (silently resolving to only one reading)
Original: חֶמְדַּת כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם
Category: Eschatology
Fixed rendering of חֶמְדַּת כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם (2:7), deliberately capable of bearing both the material ‘treasures of the nations’ sense and the historic Christian personal-messianic ‘Desired One’ sense, paralleling the Hebrew’s own openness. MANDATORY footnote presenting both readings in EVERY occurrence; NEVER silently resolve the ambiguity in either direction inside the Scripture-text translation itself. Directly touches the baseline’s Critical-risk messiah/Messianic Promise doctrine. Requires human theologian review on every occurrence regardless of which primary gloss is chosen.
High Risk Terms
Law
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and Holiness (Haggai 2:11)
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for תּוֹרָה (torah) in Haggai 2:11, where the priests are asked to rule on a point of Mosaic ritual instruction. Never ধর্ম (dharma/religion) or শরিয়ত (Islamic legal-idiom term).
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) in Haggai 2:12. NOTE: in this specific passage the contextual risk is assessed as Medium (a narrow ritual-contagion ruling, not a general moral-holiness statement); attach a translator note so readers do not over-generalize this passage’s specific contagion logic to the term’s usual moral/relational sense elsewhere in the curriculum.
Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: The Coming Glory of the Temple
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for כָּבוֹד / אֶכָּבֵד (kavod / ekkabed) at Haggai 1:8; 2:3,7,9. LXX bridge δόξα preserves terminological continuity with the NT. Never তেজ or জ্যোতি (Hindu divine-light/deity-aura associations).
Election
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন
Transliteration: Ishshorer monownoyon
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, কর্মফল
Inherited from Romans package (noun form). The root underlies the new verb-form entry choose_elect below (Haggai 2:23). Never ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, or কর্মফল (karma-determined fate).
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope / Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies the compound doctrine names ‘নিয়ম-অভিশাপ’ (covenant curse, 1:6,9-11) and the Davidic covenant background to 2:20-23’s signet-ring reversal. Relational covenant bond, more than a legal contract (চুক্তি).
Lord Of Hosts
Approved rendering: বাহিনীগণের সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: bahinigoner Shodaprovu
Doctrine: The Covenant Name of God (YHWH) / Prophetic Authority
Rejected alternatives: শক্তির সদাপ্রভু, সৈন্যবাহিনীর সদাপ্রভু
Original: יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת
Category: God
Fixed compound for יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, repeated as a structural refrain roughly a dozen times across both chapters (1:2,5,7,9; 2:4,6,7,8,9,11,23). NEVER শক্তি for the ‘hosts/power’ element — Bengal is the historic heartland of Shakta Hinduism (Durga/Kali worship centered on Kolkata), so শক্তি carries an unusually strong goddess-power association that would misdirect readers. Fix this single invariant phrase now so independent Phase 2 workers/segments do not each choose a different near-synonym.
Word Of The Lord
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর বাক্য
Transliteration: Shodaprovur bakyo
Doctrine: Prophetic Authority and the Word of the LORD
Original: דְּבַר־יְהוָה
Category: Prophecy
Fixed rendering of דְּבַר־יְהוָה, the prophetic-oracle formula opening each unit of Haggai’s message (1:1,3; 2:1,10,20). Must read as an authoritative, divinely-sourced decree, not a generic saying — a risk heightened by cultural familiarity with guru/pir figures whose personal utterances are venerated on the speaker’s authority rather than a claimed divine source.
House Of The Lord
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর গৃহ
Transliteration: Shodaprovur groho
Doctrine: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির, সদাপ্রভুর বাড়ি
Original: בֵּית־יְהוָה
Category: Temple/Worship
Fixed rendering of בֵּית־יְהוָה (1:2,4,9,14; 2:3,7,9,15,18). Uses গৃহ (formal, sacred ‘house/dwelling’) rather than বাড়ি (ordinary personal ‘house’) — this গৃহ/বাড়ি lexical contrast is the load-bearing device carrying the entire book’s rebuke and must NEVER be flattened to one Bengali word for both sacred and ordinary houses. Reject মন্দির entirely: it immediately activates a Hindu devotional/ritual frame (a মন্দির houses an idol and is a site of পূজা), which would assimilate YHWH’s dwelling to a Hindu temple building in the reader’s mind. Also keep distinct from মণ্ডলী (baseline’s fixed rendering of ἐκκλησία/church, the NT gathered people, not a building).
His Own House My House
Approved rendering: তার নিজের বাড়ি / আমার গৃহ
Transliteration: tar nijer bari / amar groho
Doctrine: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest
Original: בֵּיתוֹ / בֵּיתִי
Category: Temple/Worship
The central lexical antithesis of Haggai 1:9 (בֵּיתוֹ / בֵּיתִי). The rhetorical hinge of the entire doctrine; the গৃহ/বাড়ি contrast established at house_of_the_lord must be sustained here without exception, or the passage’s central rebuke collapses into a vague statement with no discernible contrast in Bengali. This is a deliberate departure from formal grammatical equivalence (rendering two identical Hebrew possessive constructions with two different Bengali head-nouns); document as intentional so reviewers do not ‘correct’ it toward a doctrinally flatter literal rendering.
Obey Voice Of The Lord
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর বাণী মান্য করলেন
Transliteration: Shodaprovur bani manyo korlen
Doctrine: Obedience and Blessing
Rejected alternatives: বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা (without qualifying note)
Original: קוֹל יְהוָה … שָׁמְעוּ
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of קוֹל יְהוָה … שָׁמְעוּ (1:12), the pivotal report of active, responsive covenant obedience that triggers God’s presence-declaration and material blessing. Related to, but must not be silently substituted for, the baseline’s obedience_of_faith (বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা), which is specifically NT obedience flowing from faith in Christ; this is OT covenantal obedience to a specific prophetic command. Require a translator note distinguishing the two wherever a lesson bridges Haggai and Romans material.
I Am With You
Approved rendering: আমি তোমাদের সঙ্গে আছি
Transliteration: ami tomader shonge achi
Doctrine: The Presence and Spirit of God with His People
Original: אֲנִי אִתְּכֶם
Category: God
Fixed covenant-presence formula for אֲנִי אִתְּכֶם (1:13; 2:4). Must convey personal, relational, covenantal presence, not abstract cosmic immanence. Distinguish sharply from Hindu Brahman/paramatma pervading all things and from Sufi hadhra (mystical divine-presence) traditions, both of which describe an impersonal or absorptive presence. Retain concrete historical anchors (dates, named leaders, named remnant) immediately around this phrase so the presence-promise cannot float free into a generalized mystical claim.
Spirit Human Stirred
Approved rendering: আত্মা
Transliteration: attha
Doctrine: The Presence and Spirit of God with His People
Original: רוּחַ
Category: God
Fixed (bare) rendering of רוּחַ at 1:14 — the human spirit/disposition of Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the remnant, stirred by God. Requires a MANDATORY translator note distinguishing this ‘stirred human spirit’ from the direct divine Spirit-reference at 2:5 (my_spirit_remains). Do not render 1:14 with the fuller possessive phrase reserved for 2:5, and do not conflate the two occurrences as both directly manifesting পবিত্র আত্মা.
Choose Elect
Approved rendering: মনোনীত করেছি
Transliteration: monownito korechhi
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, কর্মফল
Original: בָּחַר
Category: Covenant
Verb-form fixed rendering of בָּחַר (bachar, 2:23: ‘I have chosen you’), built on the baseline election root (ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন). NEVER ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, or কর্মফল, all explicitly forbidden in baseline for election, since these would recast God’s personal covenant choice of the Davidic line as impersonal fate or karma-determined destiny. Note: this is corporate/typological election of a historical figure (Davidic-line continuity pointing toward Messiah), distinct from the individual-soteriological election discussed in the Romans curriculum; flag this distinction in cross-testamental study notes to prevent doctrinal cross-contamination.
Remnant
Approved rendering: অবশিষ্ট লোক
Transliteration: oboshishto lok
Doctrine: Remnant Theology
Rejected alternatives: বাকি লোক, অবশিষ্ট জনগণ (as a neutral demographic term without covenantal weight)
Original: שְׁאָר הָעָם
Category: Covenant
Fixed technical rendering of שְׁאָר הָעָם (she’ar ha’am, 1:12,14; 2:2), the faithful surviving core of the covenant community after judgment/exile. Must retain covenantal weight; must NOT be read as a neutral demographic residue (‘those who happen to remain’). This curriculum establishes অবশিষ্ট লোক as the fixed technical term for the remnant motif going forward in this pipeline.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace through God’s Presence
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for שָׁלוֹם (shalom) in Haggai 2:9. Keep tethered to its locative/covenantal clause (‘in this place I will give peace’); do not let it stand as an abstract virtue term or drift toward meditative/yogic ‘inner peace’ (shanti) associations.
Zerubbabel
Approved rendering: সরুব্বাবিল
Transliteration: Zerubbabel
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope / Leadership: Governance and Priesthood
Original: זְרֻבָּבֶל
Category: Proper Names
Persian-appointed governor of Judah, of Davidic lineage. Ties directly to the election/servant doctrine of 2:20-23; ensure consistent transliteration across all chapter references.
Judah
Approved rendering: যিহূদা
Transliteration: Yehudah
Doctrine: Historical Setting and Proper Names
Original: יְהוּדָה
Category: Proper Names
The restored covenant province/community addressed throughout the book (1:1,12,14; 2:2). Established Bengali Bible proper-name form.
Paneled Houses
Approved rendering: কাষ্ঠাচ্ছাদিত সুসজ্জিত বাড়ি
Transliteration: kashthachhadito shushojjito bari
Doctrine: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest
Original: בָּתִּים סְפוּנִים
Category: Temple/Worship
Fixed rendering of בָּתִּים סְפוּנִים (1:4). Must communicate comparative luxury/completeness (cedar-paneled, finished), not a plain, neutral ‘house’; no single Bengali word carries this nuance, hence the descriptive compound.
Waste Ruin
Approved rendering: ধ্বংসপ্রাপ্ত/পতিত অবস্থায় আছে
Transliteration: dhongshoprapto/patito obosthay ache
Doctrine: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest
Original: חָרֵב
Category: Temple/Worship
Fixed rendering of חָרֵב (chareb, 1:4,9), describing the temple’s unfinished, neglected foundation. Lexically related to but distinct from חֹרֶב (choreb, ‘drought,’ 1:11) — see drought_choreb entry; Bengali cannot reproduce this Hebrew wordplay, so a translator footnote is recommended wherever both terms occur near each other.
Consider Your Ways
Approved rendering: তোমাদের আচরণের প্রতি মনোযোগ দাও
Transliteration: tomader achoroner proti monojog dao
Doctrine: Obedience and Blessing
Original: שִׂימוּ לְבַבְכֶם עַל־דַּרְכֵיכֶם
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of the idiom שִׂימוּ לְבַבְכֶם עַל־דַּרְכֵיכֶם, repeated verbatim as a structural refrain (1:5, 1:7). Preserve the diagnostic, cause-and-effect force of the prophetic summons to repentance; do not flatten to a generic ‘think about it.‘
Bag With Holes
Approved rendering: ছিদ্রযুক্ত থলি
Transliteration: chhidroyukto tholi
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: צְרוֹר נָקוּב
Category: Covenant
Fixed literal rendering of צְרוֹר נָקוּב (1:6), a vivid covenant-curse futility image (cf. Deuteronomy 28). Retain the literal image rather than substituting an unrelated Bengali proverb about poverty, which would sever the Deuteronomy 28 intertextual link.
Fear Of The Lord
Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর ভয়
Transliteration: Shodaprovur bhoy
Doctrine: Fear of the LORD
Rejected alternatives: শ্রদ্ধা, ভয় (standing alone, without the সদাপ্রভুর qualifier)
Original: יָרֵא (מִפְּנֵי יְהוָה)
Category: Covenant
Fixed compound for יָרֵא (מִפְּנֵי יְהוָה) (1:12). Never শ্রদ্ধা, already rejected in the baseline faith entry for its Hindu devotional-reverence connotation; never allow bare ভয় to stand alone either, since outside this fixed phrase it defaults to simple fright/terror rather than reverential awe.
Stir Up Spirit
Approved rendering: উদ্দীপ্ত করলেন
Transliteration: uddipto korlen
Doctrine: Obedience and Blessing / The Presence and Spirit of God
Original: עוּר (Hiphil הֵעִיר)
Category: God
Fixed rendering of עוּר (Hiphil הֵעִיר) (1:14), God’s sovereign act of arousing the human will. Preserve divine initiative; avoid phrasing implying the people acted independently of God’s prompting.
Bless
Approved rendering: আশীর্বাদ করব
Transliteration: ashirbad korbo
Doctrine: Obedience and Blessing
Rejected alternatives: পুণ্য-adjacent phrasing
Original: בָּרַךְ
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of בָּרַךְ (barakh, 2:19). আশীর্বাদ is extremely common Bengali vocabulary used broadly in Hindu blessing-rituals (elders blessing juniors, blessing at pujas); must not be read as a folk-religious blessing-transaction. Always anchor to its explicit causal/temporal covenant clause (‘from this day I will bless you’) so the source (YHWH alone) and the obedience-triggered timing are never severed from the verb.
Unclean
Approved rendering: অশুচি
Transliteration: oshuchi
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: পাপ
Original: טָמֵא
Category: Sanctification
Fixed rendering of טָמֵא (tame, 2:13-14), ceremonial/ritual impurity under the Mosaic purity code. This is a rare case where অশুচি is the correct and doctrinally appropriate term, consistent with baseline’s carve-out distinguishing ritual impurity from পাপ (moral sin, reserved for hamartia).
Shake Heavens Earth
Approved rendering: আন্দোলিত/কম্পিত করব
Transliteration: andolito/kompito korbo
Doctrine: The Coming Glory of the Temple
Original: רָעַשׁ
Category: Eschatology
Fixed rendering of רָעַשׁ (ra’ash, 2:6-7,21), cosmic eschatological shaking of heaven, earth, sea, and dry land preceding the temple’s glorification; quoted in Hebrews 12:26-27. Preserve the cosmic-eschatological force; do not reduce to a local, natural earthquake or assimilate to generic Islamic qiyamah cosmic-upheaval imagery without the passage’s specific temple-centered referent.
Signet Ring
Approved rendering: সীলমোহর
Transliteration: shilmohor
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope
Original: חוֹתָם
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of חוֹתָם (chotam, 2:23), an image of intimate honor, delegated authority, and irrevocable personal choice, applied to Zerubbabel and directly reversing the curse pronounced on Jehoiachin in Jeremiah 22:24. Recommend a mandatory study-note cross-reference to Jeremiah 22:24, since this intertextual reversal is invisible from the bare Bengali word alone; do not attempt to smuggle the reversal into the Scripture-text translation itself.
Servant
Approved rendering: আমার দাস
Transliteration: amar das
Doctrine: Divine Election and Davidic Hope
Rejected alternatives: পীর, গুরু
Original: עֶבֶד
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of עֶבֶד (eved, 2:23: ‘my servant Zerubbabel’), a covenantal, honorific title placing Zerubbabel in the honored succession of Moses and David — not a term of low social status. Never পীর (Sufi spiritual master/patron saint) or গুরু (Hindu spiritual teacher), which would import a non-Christian religious-authority framework onto a covenantal honorific title conferred directly by God.
Take Pleasure
Approved rendering: সন্তুষ্ট/আনন্দিত হব
Transliteration: shontushto/anondito hobo
Doctrine: Priorities: God’s House versus Self-Interest
Original: רָצָה
Category: Temple/Worship
Fixed rendering of רָצָה (ratzah, 1:8), sacrificial-acceptance language applied to the rebuilt temple itself. Preserve favorable, delighted acceptance, not mere neutral tolerance.
Blow Away
Approved rendering: আমি তা ফুঁ দিয়ে উড়িয়ে দিলাম
Transliteration: ami ta phu diye uriye dilam
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: נָפַח
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Fixed rendering of נָפַח (naphach, 1:9), God’s personal, active intervention frustrating the harvest. Preserve personal divine agency; avoid rendering as an impersonal natural process or mere bad luck.
Sky Heavens
Approved rendering: আকাশ
Transliteration: akash
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Rejected alternatives: স্বর্গ (in this meteorological sense)
Original: שָׁמַיִם
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Fixed rendering of שָׁמַיִם (shamayim, 1:10) in its meteorological sense (source of rain/dew). Disambiguate by context, not by a fixed single Bengali word, from স্বর্গ (eschatological heaven) used elsewhere in the curriculum.
Work Melakhah
Approved rendering: কাজ
Transliteration: kaj
Doctrine: Obedience and Blessing
Rejected alternatives: কর্ম
Original: מְלָאכָה
Category: Covenant
Fixed rendering of מְלָאכָה (melakhah, 1:14), the temple-building work the stirred leaders and remnant undertake. NEVER কর্ম, to avoid the karma/karmaphal associations already flagged and rejected in the baseline (election, providence entries).
Governor
Approved rendering: শাসনকর্তা
Transliteration: shashonkorta
Doctrine: Leadership: Governance and Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: রাজা (king), transliterated Persian satrapal loanword
Fixed rendering of פֶּחָה (pechah), the Persian imperial administrative title held by Zerubbabel. Must NOT imply full royal/kingly sovereignty; a governor is a delegated administrator under a foreign empire, setting up the tension resolved in 2:20-23’s signet-ring reversal. A functional Bengali title, not a transliterated Persian loanword, since Bengali readers have no existing cultural referent for the latter.
High Priest
Approved rendering: প্রধান যাজক
Transliteration: prodhan yajok
Doctrine: Leadership: Governance and Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: পুরোহিত, পণ্ডিত, ইমাম
Original: הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל
Category: Leadership
Fixed rendering of הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל (hakohen hagadol), the chief officiant over temple worship and sacrifice, addressed alongside the governor. Established Bengali Christian term; do not confuse with non-Christian religious-leader titles (পুরোহিত/purohit, পণ্ডিত/pandit, ইমাম/imam).
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: bhabbadi
Doctrine: Prophetic Authority and the Word of the LORD
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী
Original: — (title applied to Haggai; cf. נָבִיא, nabi)
Category: Prophecy
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for the title applied to Haggai throughout the book (1:1,3,12; 2:1,10). Do not confuse with জ্যোতিষী (astrologer/fortune-teller).
Haggai
Approved rendering: হগয়
Transliteration: Chaggai
Doctrine: Historical Setting and Proper Names
Original: חַגַּי
Category: Proper Names
Proper name of the prophet and the book itself; established Bengali Bible transliteration, consistent with baseline proper-name patterns (দায়ূদ, মোশি, যিশাইয়).
Joshua High Priest
Approved rendering: যিহোশূয়
Transliteration: Yehoshua
Doctrine: Leadership: Governance and Priesthood
Original: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
Category: Proper Names
The high priest addressed alongside Zerubbabel throughout the book. Distinct from the New Testament name যীশু (Jesus); flag adjacency risk in any study note where both names appear together, to prevent reader confusion between two distinct historical figures.
Jehozadak
Approved rendering: যিহোষাদক
Transliteration: Yehotsadaq
Doctrine: Historical Setting and Proper Names
Original: יְהוֹצָדָק
Category: Proper Names
Patronymic of Joshua the high priest (1:1,12,14; 2:2,4). Established transliteration pattern; low ambiguity risk.
Darius
Approved rendering: দারিয়াবস
Transliteration: Daryavesh
Doctrine: Historical Setting and Proper Names
Original: דָּרְיָוֶשׁ
Category: Proper Names
The Persian king whose regnal years date every oracle in Haggai (1:1,15; 2:10), establishing the book’s precise historical setting.
Sow
Approved rendering: বীজ বপন করা
Transliteration: bij bopon kora
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: זָרַע
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Standard agricultural vocabulary for זָרַע (zara, 1:6); low doctrinal risk.
Wage Earner
Approved rendering: মজুরি উপার্জনকারী
Transliteration: mojuri uparjonkari
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: מִשְׂתַּכֵּר
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Standard economic vocabulary for מִשְׂתַּכֵּר (mistaker, 1:6); low doctrinal risk.
Dew
Approved rendering: শিশির
Transliteration: shishir
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: טַל
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Standard agricultural vocabulary for טַל (tal, 1:10); low doctrinal risk.
Withhold
Approved rendering: রোধ করা
Transliteration: rodh kora
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: כָּלָא
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Fixed rendering of כָּלָא (kala, 1:10). Preserve personal divine restraint, not an impersonal drought cycle.
Drought Choreb
Approved rendering: অনাবৃষ্টি
Transliteration: onaboroshti
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: חֹרֶב
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Fixed rendering of חֹרֶב (choreb, 1:11). Lexically related to but distinct from חָרֵב (waste_ruin, 1:4); a translator footnote on the Hebrew wordplay is recommended since Bengali cannot reproduce this lexical connection.
Labor Of Hands
Approved rendering: হাতের শ্রমফল
Transliteration: hater shromphol
Doctrine: Covenant Curse and Agricultural Futility
Original: יְגִיעַ כַּפָּיִם
Category: Agricultural Imagery
Standard vocabulary for יְגִיעַ כַּפָּיִם (yegia kapayim, 1:11); low doctrinal risk.
Referenced passages