Core Glossary

Core Glossary: Ezekiel

This glossary extends, but never contradicts, the Romans-baseline translation_memory.json. Section A lists terms reused exactly from the Romans baseline. Section B lists new terms required for Ezekiel, with the same risk-tier discipline (Critical / High / Medium / Low) as the baseline registries. Section C lists terms that appear to overlap with a baseline term but require a distinct entry because Ezekiel’s usage diverges from the sense the baseline term was fixed against.

A. Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline

Term	Bengali (fixed)	Risk	Ezekiel Chapters	Note
glory	মহিমা	High	1, 3, 8-11, 39, 43, 44	Central recurring visual doctrine (Presence departing/returning); reuse exactly.
holy	পবিত্র	High	20, 22, 28, 36, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48	Reuse exactly for קָדוֹשׁ in all moral/relational senses.
sin	পাপ	High	throughout, esp. 3, 14, 18, 33	Reuse exactly.
righteousness/righteous	ধার্মিকতা / ধার্মিক	Critical	3, 14, 18, 33	Reuse exactly, but see Section C for a mandatory doctrinal-register note on Ezekiel 18’s conduct-based usage.
covenant	নিয়ম	High	16, 17, 20, 34, 36, 37, 44	Reuse exactly, including compounds (see বেরিথ שלום, ছheek below).
peace	শান্তি	Medium	13, 34, 37	Reuse exactly; note ch. 13’s ironic false peace usage requires clear framing.
Israel	ইস্রায়েল	Medium	throughout	Reuse exactly.
David	দায়ূদ	Medium	34, 37	Reuse exactly; combine with আমার দাস for “my servant David.”
prophet / prophesy / prophecy	ভাববাদী / ভাববাণী কর / ভাববাণী	Low (elevated in ch. 37, see below)	throughout	Reuse exactly; elevate to High-risk attention specifically at 37:4-10 where the prophetic word is causally effective, not merely predictive.
holy_spirit (as continuity reference only)	পবিত্র আত্মা	Critical	cross-referenced at 36:27, 37:14, 39:29	The baseline’s NT term is the theological terminus this OT material anticipates; do not import পবিত্র আত্মা backward into Ezekiel’s own Hebrew text (which does not use the adjective “holy” with רוּחִי in these verses) — use instead the new entry `spirit_of_god_ot` below, with an explicit continuity note.

B. New Terms Required for Ezekiel

Term (English)	Original (Hebrew)	Transliteration	Bengali Rendering	Risk	Doctrine	Key Chapters	Notes
Lord GOD / Sovereign LORD	אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה	Adonai YHVH	প্রভু সদাপ্রভু	Critical	Glory and Sovereignty of God	throughout (~217x)	New term beyond the Romans baseline: the baseline’s প্রভু renders NT κύριος only; Ezekiel’s compound title requires সদাপ্রভু (established Bengali convention for the covenant name YHWH) combined with প্রভু. Must render identically at every occurrence.
the LORD (covenant name alone)	יְהוָה	YHVH	সদাপ্রভু	Critical	Glory and Sovereignty of God	throughout	Distinguish from generic প্রভু (a title) — সদাপ্রভু specifically marks the personal covenant name.
son of man (address to Ezekiel)	בֶּן־אָדָם	ben-adam	হে মানব / মনুষ্যপুত্র	Critical	(cross-doctrinal; guards Christology from misapplication)	93 occurrences from ch. 2 onward	Must not be conflated unmarked with the NT Christological title “the Son of Man” (Daniel 7; Gospels). Standing translator note required.
recognition formula	יָדַע כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה	yada ki-ani YHVH	তখন তারা জানবে যে আমিই সদাপ্রভু	Critical	Glory and Sovereignty of God	60+ occurrences	Fixed-phrase consistency required across the whole book.
messenger formula	כֹּה־אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה	koh amar Adonai YHVH	প্রভু সদাপ্রভু এই কথা বলেন	Critical	Glory and Sovereignty of God; Judgment	~120 occurrences	Fixed-phrase consistency required.
covenant formula	וְהָיוּ לִי לְעָם וגו’	v’hayu li l’am…	আমি তাদের ঈশ্বর হব, এবং তারা আমার প্রজা হবে	Critical	Restoration	11:20; 36:28; 37:23,27	Fixed-phrase consistency required.
soul / person / life (mortal)	נֶפֶש	nephesh	প্রাণ / ব্যক্তি	Critical	Individual Responsibility for Sin	18 (esp. vv. 4, 20)	Must NOT default to আত্মা, which risks importing a Vedantic immortal-ātman concept contradicting Ezekiel’s whole-person mortality claim.
new heart / new spirit	לֵב חָדָש / רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁה	lev chadash / ruach chadashah	নতুন হৃদয় / নতুন আত্মা	Critical	The New Heart and New Spirit	11:19; 18:31; 36:26	Fixed-phrase consistency required; note grammatical mood shifts between imperative (18:31) and promissory (36:26) forms — preserve the mood distinction even while keeping the noun-phrase identical.
heart of stone / heart of flesh	לֵב הָאֶבֶן / לֵב בָּשָׂר	lev ha’even / lev basar	পাথরের হৃদয় / মাংসের হৃদয়	High	The New Heart and New Spirit	11:19; 36:26	Preserve the vivid tactile contrast; do not abstract.
Spirit of God (OT, personal but not adjective “holy”)	רוּחַ / רוּחִי	ruach / ruachi	আত্মা / আমার আত্মা	Critical	God’s Presence Departing/Returning; New Heart and New Spirit	1, 11, 36, 37, 39	Distinct from পবিত্র আত্মা (baseline NT term); use with a standing continuity note rather than direct identification. Also distinct within the same word-family from “breath” and “wind” senses (see next two entries) — see the ch. 37 wordplay note in 07_semantic_analysis.md.
breath (of life)	רוּחַ	ruach	নিঃশ্বাস / প্রাণবায়ু	Critical	Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones	37:5,6,8,9,10	One sense among three (breath/wind/Spirit) of the same Hebrew word in a single pericope; mandatory translator note on wordplay loss.
wind	רוּחַ	ruach	বায়ু / হাওয়া	High	Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones	1; 37:9	See breath entry above; must not use আত্মা here.
dry bones / open graves (resurrection imagery)	עֲצָמוֹת יְבֵשׁוֹת / קִבְרוֹת	atsamot yeveshot / qevarot	শুষ্ক অস্থি / কবর	High	Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones	37:1-14	Use পুনরুত্থান-family vocabulary or careful periphrasis; NEVER পুনর্জন্ম (reincarnation), per the Romans baseline’s existing prohibition on this term.
whole house of Israel	כָּל־בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל	kol beit Yisra’el	সমস্ত ইস্রায়েল-বংশ	Medium	Restoration	37:11	Corporate reading; do not confuse with ch. 18’s individual-responsibility frame.
iniquity / guilt-liability	עָוֹן	avon	অপরাধ / পাপভার	Medium	Judgment on Jerusalem	4, 7, 18	Distinguish from পাপ (sin as act); avon is accrued guilt/liability.
abomination	תּוֹעֵבָה	to’evah	ঘৃণ্য কাজ / জঘন্য কর্ম	High	Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations	5, 6, 8, 16, 18, 22, 23, 33	Keep uniformly strong register across all ~40 occurrences.
idols (contemptuous)	גִּלּוּלִים	gillulim	প্রতিমা	High	Judgment on Jerusalem; New Heart (internalized idolatry)	6, 8, 14, 16, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 44	Major cultural-collision term: প্রতিমা is the everyday Bengali word for Durga Puja/Hindu devotional images. Accurate but pastorally sensitive; requires teaching notes, not euphemistic substitution.
high place	בָּמָה	bamah	উচ্চস্থান / পূজাস্থল	Medium	Judgment on Jerusalem	6, 16, 20	Illegitimate cultic site; do not conflate with legitimate temple/মন্দির vocabulary.
jealousy (covenantal)	קִנְאָה	qin’ah	ঈর্ষা / প্রবল আগ্রহ	Medium	God’s Presence Departing	8, 16, 23, 36, 38	Distinct from petty envy; covenant-exclusivity category, matches existing Bengali Bible usage for “a jealous God” (Exodus 20).
watchman	צֹפֶה	tsopheh	প্রহরী	High	Individual Responsibility for Sin	3, 33	Personal, weighty accountability role, not passive observation.
turn / repent	שׁוּב	shuv	ফিরে আসা / মন পরিবর্তন করা	High	Individual Responsibility for Sin	3, 14, 18, 33	OT root of NT repentance vocabulary; keep consistent with Gospels/Acts rendering elsewhere in the curriculum family.
for my name’s sake	לְמַעַן שְׁמִי	l’ma’an shemi	আমার নামের জন্য	High	Glory and Sovereignty of God	20, 36, 39	Fixed refrain; God’s own honor as the ground of both judgment and restoration, undercutting merit-based readings.
harlotry / covenant unfaithfulness	זָנָה	zanah	ব্যভিচার করা / বেশ্যাবৃত্তি করা	High	Judgment on Jerusalem	16, 23	Explicit covenant-unfaithfulness metaphor; formal Bible register required, not colloquial vocabulary; honor-shame sensitivity.
bloodguilt	דָּם	dam	রক্ত / রক্তপাত	Medium	Judgment on Jerusalem	16, 22, 24	Legal “guilt owed for shed blood” sense, not merely the physical substance.
nations (geopolitical, under judgment)	גּוֹיִם	goyim	জাতি / জাতিগণ	Medium-High	Judgment on the Nations	25-32, 35, 38-39	Distinct from baseline’s পরজাতি (Gentiles as gospel mission-field, positively inclusive); do not conflate — see Section C.
sea monster / dragon (Pharaoh)	תַּנִּין	tannin	সামুদ্রিক দানব / কুমির	High	Judgment on the Nations	29, 32	Avoid নাগ/serpent-deity-adjacent vocabulary; Bengal’s Manasa Devi folk-serpent cult creates real collision risk.
prince (deliberately not “king”)	נָשִׂיא	nasi	রাজপ্রধান / অধ্যক্ষ	Medium-High	Restoration; The Vision of the New Temple	34, 37, 40-48	Signals subordination to YHWH’s own kingship; avoid রাজপুত্র (implies literal royal heir lineage).
shepherd	רֹעֶה	ro’eh	মেষপালক	High	Restoration	34	Continuity with NT Good Shepherd vocabulary (John 10); same term for failed human shepherds and God’s/Messiah’s shepherding, so the contrast (not vocabulary difference) carries the rebuke.
my servant David (typological)	עַבְדִּי דָוִיד	avdi David	আমার দাস দায়ূদ	High	Restoration; Davidic hope	34, 37	Typological, fulfilled in Christ; parallels Romans baseline’s দায়ূদের বংশ (seed of David) doctrine — mandatory teaching note.
covenant of peace	בְּרִית שָׁלוֹם	berith shalom	শান্তির নিয়ম	High	Restoration	34, 37	Compound of two already-fixed baseline terms; do not substitute synonyms for either component.
everlasting covenant	בְּרִית עוֹלָם	berith olam	চিরস্থায়ী নিয়ম / অনন্তকালীন নিয়ম	High	Restoration	16, 37	Combine established নিয়ম with a clear permanence modifier; do not flatten to generic “promise.”
Gog and Magog	גּוֹג וּמָגוֹג	Gog u-Magog	গোগ ও মাগোগ	Medium-High	Judgment on the Nations (eschatological)	38-39	Transliterate as proper names; note continuity with, but non-identical historical referent to, Revelation 20:8.
Eden, garden of God	עֵדֶן גַּן־אֱלֹהִים	Eden gan-Elohim	এদন, ঈশ্বরের বাগান	Medium	Judgment on the Nations (ironic); Restoration	28, 36, 47	Specific proper-name garden of Genesis 2-3; not generic স্বর্গ (paradise).
temple / sanctuary (literal OT building)	בַּיִת / מִקְדָּשׁ	bayit / miqdash	মন্দির / পবিত্রস্থান	Medium-High	The Vision of the New Temple; God’s Presence Departing/Returning	8-11, 40-46	Unlike baseline’s rejection of মন্দির for “church,” the literal OT temple building is appropriately মন্দির in established Bengali Bible convention — always attach a divine-name qualifier (সদাপ্রভুর মন্দির), never leave bare.
the place of my throne	מְקוֹם כִּסְאִי	m’qom kisi	আমার সিংহাসনের স্থান	High	God’s Presence Returning	43	Royal/throne imagery; do not flatten to generic “holy place.”
to dwell (permanently)	שָׁכַן	shakan	বসবাস করা	Critical	God’s Presence Returning	37, 43	Root behind מִשְׁכָּן (“tabernacle,” dwelling-place); establish consistent rendering across all tabernacle/dwelling-presence material in the curriculum.
sons of Zadok	בְּנֵי צָדוֹק	b’nei Tsadoq	সাদোকের সন্তানগণ	Medium	The Vision of the New Temple	44	Proper name; doctrinal point is the gradated-holiness principle it illustrates, not the term itself.
clean / unclean (ritual)	טָמֵא / טָהוֹר	tame / tahor	অশুচি / শুচি	Medium	The Vision of the New Temple	44	Only context in this curriculum where শুচি-family vocabulary is textually appropriate (literal OT ceremonial purity), unlike its rejection for “holy” itself elsewhere.
burnt offering / sin offering / grain offering	עוֹלָה / חַטָּאת / מִנְחָה	olah / chattat / minchah	হোমবলি / পাপার্থক বলি / ভক্ষ্য নৈবেদ্য	Medium	The Vision of the New Temple	45-46	Established Bengali OT sacrificial vocabulary; নৈবেদ্য overlaps with generic Hindu puja usage but is already standard in Bengali Bible tradition.
river of living water (from the temple)	מַיִם…יֹצְאִים מִתַּחַת מִפְתַּן הַבַּיִת	mayim…yotz’im…	মন্দিরের চৌকাঠের নিচ থেকে প্রবাহিত জল	High	The Vision of the New Temple; Restoration	47	Source must remain explicitly the temple/God’s presence, for NT (John 7:38; Rev 22:1-2) typological continuity.
trees for healing	עֵץ…לְמַאֲכָל וְעָלֵהוּ לִתְרוּפָה	etz…l’ma’akhal v’alehu litrufah	ফলদায়ক গাছ…আরোগ্যদায়ক পাতা	High	Restoration	47	Eden (Gen 2) → Ezekiel 47 → Revelation 22 typological chain; mandatory teaching note.
sojourner / resident foreigner	גֵּר	ger	প্রবাসী / বিদেশী	Medium	The Vision of the New Temple (land inheritance)	47-48	Note theological significance (land-inheritance inclusion), continuous with Unity of Jews and Gentiles doctrine.
The LORD Is There (city name)	יְהוָה שָׁמָּה	YHVH Shammah	সদাপ্রভু-শাম্মা (“সদাপ্রভু সেখানে আছেন”)	Critical	God’s Presence Returning; book’s thesis statement	48	Transliterate proper name, gloss meaning using fixed সদাপ্রভু rendering; treat with Romans-1:16-17-level fixed-rendering consistency.
day of the LORD / day of wrath	יוֹם יְהוָה / יוֹם עֶבְרָה	yom YHVH / yom evrah	সদাপ্রভুর দিন / ক্রোধের দিন	High	Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations	7, 30, 32	Linear historical fulfillment (dated events), not a cyclical cosmic-age framework; reuse the Romans baseline’s fulfillment_of_prophecy caution against Hindu cyclical-ages readings.
latter days (eschatological horizon)	בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים	b’acharit hayamim	শেষ কালে / ভবিষ্যতের দিনগুলোতে	Medium	Judgment on the Nations (eschatological)	38	Distinguish from the historical “day of the LORD” judgment-oracle phrase.

C. Terms Requiring a Divergence Note from the Romans Baseline

Term	Baseline Sense (Romans)	Ezekiel Sense	Resolution
ধার্মিকতা (righteousness)	Forensic right-standing before God, received through faith, explicitly not a performed duty (Romans baseline, Critical risk)	Covenantal, conduct-based righteous living, assessed and reassessed case-by-case, determining temporal life/death consequence under the Old Covenant (Ezekiel 18)	Reuse the same Bengali word (no alternative exists without introducing a worse risk, e.g. ধর্ম), but attach a mandatory translator/teaching note at every Ezekiel 18 occurrence distinguishing Ezekiel’s covenantal-behavioral sense from the Pauline forensic sense, so neither text is misread through the other’s framework.
পরজাতি (Gentiles)	Non-Jewish peoples as the positive, included mission-field of the gospel (Romans baseline, Medium risk)	Specific historical geopolitical nations (Ammon, Moab, Tyre, Egypt, etc.) under God’s judgment for their own sin and treatment of Israel (Ezekiel 25-32)	Do not reuse. Use the new entry জাতি/জাতিগণ (Section B) for Ezekiel’s גּוֹיִם; reserve পরজাতি strictly for NT ἔθνη contexts elsewhere in the curriculum.
পবিত্র আত্মা (Holy Spirit)	The third Person of the Trinity, explicitly named “holy” in the Greek text (πνεῦμα ἅγιον)	God’s own personal Spirit (רוּחִי, “my Spirit”), acting with full divine personal agency but not consistently modified by the adjective “holy” in Ezekiel’s own Hebrew (36:27; 37:14; 39:29)	Do not identify outright. Use আত্মা/আমার আত্মা (Section B, `spirit_of_god_ot`) with an explicit continuity note affirming the same divine Person is meant, without retrojecting the fixed NT title onto Ezekiel’s own wording.
মন্দির (rejected for “church,” accepted for OT temple)	Baseline explicitly rejects মন্দির for ἐκκλησία/church (risk of Hindu-temple association)	The literal, singular physical Jerusalem Temple building/complex, an appropriate and traditional Bengali Bible rendering	No conflict — these are different referents (a community vs. a building) and different Bengali words are not actually competing; retain মন্দির for the OT/Ezekiel temple building only, always with a divine-name qualifier, and continue রেজেক্টিং it for “church” per the Romans baseline.

Critical Risk Terms

God

Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Original: אֱלֹהִים
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package exactly (Ezekiel usage note: in Ezekiel, ঈশ্বর alternates with, and is often combined into, the compound সদাপ্রভু/প্রভু সদাপ্রভু titles — see lord_god_sovereign and yhvh_covenant_name below, which are additive, not substitutive).

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: The New Heart and New Spirit
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা

Inherited from Romans package exactly. In Ezekiel this NT term is used ONLY as a continuity-reference gloss (see holy_spirit_continuity below); Ezekiel’s own Hebrew wording (רוּחִי) does not consistently attach the adjective ‘holy’ and must be rendered আত্মা/আমার আত্মা in the OT text itself, not পবিত্র আত্মা directly.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation (forensic sense, Romans-baseline)
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, পুণ্য, ন্যায়
Original: צְדָקָה / צַדִּיק
Category: Individual Responsibility for Sin

Inherited from Romans package exactly. Reused verbatim for any NT-continuity or forensic-sense references. See righteousness_covenantal_conduct below for Ezekiel 18’s distinct covenantal-behavioral usage of the SAME Bengali word — a mandatory divergence note is required wherever ch. 18 is taught so readers do not conflate the two senses.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: পুনরুত্থান
Transliteration: punorutthan
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম, পুনর্জীবন

Inherited from Romans package exactly. In Ezekiel, reserved for typological/teaching-note references connecting 37:1-14’s dry-bones imagery to the NT doctrine; NEVER assert flat identity between Ezekiel’s corporate/national restoration vision and this term without a typological framing note. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম, per baseline prohibition — doubly critical here given the passage’s vivid bodily imagery.

Lord

Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: provu
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর

Inherited from Romans package exactly. In Ezekiel, প্রভু functions as one half of the obligatory compound title প্রভু সদাপ্রভু (see lord_god_sovereign below) rather than standing alone for God’s address in most occurrences; do not use bare প্রভু where the Hebrew has אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה or יְהוָה alone.

Lord God Sovereign

Approved rendering: প্রভু সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: Provu Sadaprabhu
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: সার্বভৌম প্রভু (unqualified), প্রভু (bare, without সদাপ্রভু)
Original: אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה
Category: God / Sovereignty

New term beyond the Romans baseline. Renders אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה (Adonai YHVH), occurring ~217 times in Ezekiel. The baseline’s প্রভু (κύριος) does not by itself carry the OT covenant-name (YHWH) dimension. Must render identically at every occurrence; requires automated string-match QA in addition to human review given the frequency.

Yhvh Covenant Name

Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: Sadaprabhu
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: প্রভু (bare), ঈশ্বর (bare)
Original: יְהוָה
Category: God / Sovereignty

Renders יְהוָה (YHVH) alone. Established Bengali Bible convention distinguishing the covenant personal name from the generic title প্রভু. Losing this distinction collapses Ezekiel’s covenant-name theology into a vague honorific.

Son Of Man Address

Approved rendering: হে মানব
Transliteration: he manob
Doctrine: The “Son of Man” Address and the Prophetic Office
Rejected alternatives: মনুষ্যপুত্র (unmarked)
Original: בֶּן־אָדָם
Category: Christology Guard / Prophetic Office

Renders בֶּן־אָדָם, God’s standing address to Ezekiel (93 occurrences). NOT the Danielic/Gospel messianic title. Bengali NT tradition fixes মনুষ্যপুত্র for Christ’s own self-designation; reusing it unmarked here risks importing Christological weight into a marker of the prophet’s creaturely lowliness — the opposite theological direction. Standing translator note required at first occurrence (2:1), applied identically through all 93 occurrences.

Recognition Formula

Approved rendering: তখন তারা জানবে যে আমিই সদাপ্রভু
Transliteration: tokhon tara janbe je amii Sadaprabhu
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: তখন তারা বুঝবে যে ঈশ্বর আছেন (paraphrase losing covenant-name)
Original: יָדַע כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה
Category: God / Sovereignty

Renders יָדַע כִּי־אֲנִי יְהוָה, Ezekiel’s most repeated refrain (60+ occurrences). Fixed-phrase consistency required at every occurrence; permit only pronoun substitution (তারা/তুমি/আমরা) while keeping আমিই সদাপ্রভু invariant.

Messenger Formula

Approved rendering: প্রভু সদাপ্রভু এই কথা বলেন
Transliteration: Provu Sadaprabhu ei kotha bolen
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: ঈশ্বর বলেন (loses compound title)
Original: כֹּה־אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה
Category: God / Sovereignty

Renders כֹּה־אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה, introducing nearly every oracle (~120 occurrences). Must use the lord_god_sovereign-fixed compound and render identically at every occurrence; treat as a liturgical refrain, never paraphrased for ‘natural flow’.

Covenant Formula

Approved rendering: আমি তাদের ঈশ্বর হব, এবং তারা আমার প্রজা হবে
Transliteration: ami tader Ishshor hobo, ebong tara amar proja hobe
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Original: וְהָיוּ לִי לְעָם וַאֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לָהֶם לֵאלֹהִים
Category: Covenant / Restoration

Renders וְהָיוּ לִי לְעָם וַאֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לָהֶם לֵאלֹהִים (11:20; 36:28; 37:23,27). Fixed-phrase consistency required at every recurrence — the relational heart of the whole restoration program.

Nephesh

Approved rendering: প্রাণ
Transliteration: pran
Doctrine: Individual Responsibility for Sin
Rejected alternatives: আত্মা, ব্যক্তি (secondary acceptable alternative only)
Original: נֶפֶש
Category: Individual Responsibility for Sin

Renders נֶפֶש (18:4, 20, ‘the soul who sins shall die’). Denotes the whole living person, capable of dying — NOT the Greek/Platonic or Vedantic immortal-soul concept. আত্মা risks importing a Vedantic ātman reading that directly contradicts the doctrine. Mandatory translator note at first ch. 18 occurrence.

Righteousness Covenantal Conduct

Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Individual Responsibility for Sin
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম (forbidden per baseline)

Renders צְדָקָה/צַדִּיק in Ezekiel 18: observable, case-by-case covenantal conduct determining temporal life/death consequence — distinct from the Romans-baseline forensic sense of the identical Bengali word (see ‘righteousness’ above). Reuses the same word (no viable alternative exists without the worse risk of ধর্ম) but REQUIRES a mandatory translator/teaching note at every ch. 18 occurrence distinguishing this covenantal-behavioral sense from Romans’ forensic, faith-received status.

New Heart New Spirit

Approved rendering: নতুন হৃদয় ও নতুন আত্মা
Transliteration: notun hridoy o notun attha
Doctrine: The New Heart and New Spirit
Original: לֵב חָדָש / רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁה
Category: New Heart and New Spirit

Renders לֵב חָדָש / רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁה (11:19; 18:31; 36:26). Fixed noun-phrase required at every occurrence. Preserve the grammatical mood distinction between the imperative (18:31, ‘get yourselves…’) and the promissory/indicative (36:26, ‘I will give you…’) at the clause level even while the noun phrase itself stays identical.

Spirit Of God Ot

Approved rendering: আমার আত্মা
Transliteration: amar attha
Doctrine: The New Heart and New Spirit
Rejected alternatives: পবিত্র আত্মা (direct retrojection, rejected)
Original: רוּחַ / רוּחִי
Category: God’s Presence / New Heart and Spirit

Renders רוּחַ / רוּחִי where the sense is God’s own personal, possessed Spirit (37:14; 36:27; 39:29), distinct from the breath and wind senses of the same Hebrew word elsewhere in the book. Distinct from the NT’s fixed পবিত্র আত্মা (which the Greek explicitly modifies as ‘holy’); use with a standing continuity note affirming the same divine Person without retrojecting the NT title.

Breath Of Life

Approved rendering: নিঃশ্বাস
Transliteration: nishwash
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Rejected alternatives: আত্মা (would collapse the wordplay), প্রাণবায়ু (acceptable secondary variant)
Original: רוּחַ
Category: Restoration / Valley of Dry Bones

Renders רוּחַ in its ordinary physical breath/life-force sense (37:5,6,8,10), echoing Genesis 2:7. One of at least four senses of the same Hebrew word deliberately layered through Ezekiel 37; if Bengali is forced to use three distinct words (নিঃশ্বাস/বায়ু/আমার আত্মা), a mandatory translator note is required flagging the wordplay loss.

Dwell Permanently

Approved rendering: বসবাস করা
Transliteration: boshobash kora
Doctrine: God’s Presence Returning
Original: שָׁכַן
Category: God’s Presence Departing and Returning

Renders שָׁכַן (root behind מִשְׁכָּן, ‘tabernacle’), God’s permanent, unbroken indwelling presence (37:26-28; 43:7). An ordinary Bengali verb bearing extraordinary theological weight; establish consistently across all tabernacle/dwelling-presence material and require a teaching note at every occurrence distinguishing this from ritually invocable/withdrawable presence (e.g., Hindu murti prana pratishtha).

Yhvh Shammah

Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভু-শাম্মা
Transliteration: Sadaprabhu-Shamma
Doctrine: God’s Presence Returning
Original: יְהוָה שָׁמָּה
Category: God’s Presence Departing and Returning

Renders יְהוָה שָׁמָּה (48:35), the book’s closing thesis-name for the restored city (‘the LORD is there’). Transliterate the proper name and gloss its meaning (‘সদাপ্রভু সেখানে আছেন’) using the fixed সদাপ্রভু rendering. Treat with Romans-1:16-17-level fixed-rendering discipline; restate the gloss at 48:35 itself, not only at an earlier first mention.

Holy Spirit Continuity

Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা (NT continuity reference only)
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha (NT continuity reference only)
Doctrine: The New Heart and New Spirit
Rejected alternatives: direct identification within Ezekiel’s own OT text (forbidden)
Original: רוּחִי (cross-referenced with NT πνεῦμα ἅγιον)
Category: New Heart and New Spirit

A teaching-note-only cross-reference linking Ezekiel’s promised indwelling Spirit (36:27; 37:14; 39:29) to the NT’s fully named Holy Spirit. Never use this NT-fixed term to translate Ezekiel’s own Hebrew wording directly — use spirit_of_god_ot (আমার আত্মা) in the running OT text, reserving পবিত্র আত্মা for explicit continuity-teaching material.

High Risk Terms

Law

Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম

Inherited from Romans package exactly. Applies to Ezekiel’s own statutes/rules language (חֻקָּה/מִשְׁפָּט, e.g. chs. 20, 36, 44) describing the Mosaic law Israel broke and the restored temple’s ordinances; never ধর্ম or শরিয়ত.

Glory

Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Original: כָּבוֹד
Category: God / Sovereignty

Inherited from Romans package exactly. Elevated to book-controlling status in Ezekiel: must be tracked as a single, identically-rendered term across the departure narrative (chs. 1, 8-11) and the return narrative (ch. 43-44) so the geography of God’s Presence is traceable in Bengali.

Holy

Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: The Vision of the New Temple
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Original: קָדוֹשׁ
Category: The Vision of the New Temple / Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package exactly, for all moral/relational senses (קָדוֹשׁ) throughout the book. Contrast with clean_unclean_ritual below, which is the one authorized context where the separate ceremonial-purity pair (অশুচি/শুচি) is textually correct rather than a risk to avoid.

Sin

Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Individual Responsibility for Sin
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Original: חַטָּאת / פֶּשַׁע
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package exactly (renders חַטָּאת/פֶּשַׁע). Distinguish from iniquity_guilt (עָוֹן, accrued guilt-liability) below, which is a distinct Ezekiel-specific concept requiring its own coined term.

Covenant

Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Everlasting Covenant of Peace
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Original: בְּרִית
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package exactly (renders בְּרִית). Serves as the base component of the compounds everlasting_covenant and covenant_of_peace below; never substitute চুক্তি (mere legal contract) anywhere in Ezekiel.

Heart Of Stone Flesh

Approved rendering: পাথরের হৃদয় ও মাংসের হৃদয়
Transliteration: pathorer hridoy o mangsher hridoy
Doctrine: The New Heart and New Spirit
Rejected alternatives: কঠোর হৃদয় / নরম হৃদয় (abstracted, rejected)
Original: לֵב הָאֶבֶן / לֵב בָּשָׂר
Category: New Heart and New Spirit

Renders לֵב הָאֶבֶן / לֵב בָּשָׂר (11:19; 36:26). Preserve the vivid tactile contrast; do not abstract into generic ‘hard/soft heart’ vocabulary, which loses the force of the metaphor (a heart of the wrong substance must be replaced, not persuaded).

Wind Ruach

Approved rendering: বায়ু
Transliteration: bayu
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Rejected alternatives: আত্মা (would wrongly suggest ‘four spirits’ at 37:9)

Renders רוּחַ in its meteorological sense: storm-wind at the inaugural theophany (ch. 1) and the ‘four winds’ summoned at 37:9. Must not be rendered আত্মা. Cross-reference the standing translator note established for breath_of_life and spirit_of_god_ot.

Dry Bones Open Graves

Approved rendering: শুষ্ক অস্থি
Transliteration: shushko osthi
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম-adjacent phrasing (forbidden), অবশেষ (euphemistic ‘remains’, rejected)
Original: עֲצָמוֹת יְבֵשׁוֹת / קִבְרוֹת
Category: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones

Renders עֲצָמוֹת יְבֵשׁוֹת / קִבְרוֹת (37:1-14). Use পুনরুত্থান-family vocabulary or careful periphrasis (তোলা/উঠানো, ‘to raise up’) that resonates with, but does not flatly assert identity with, the NT doctrine of পুনরুত্থান. NEVER পুনর্জন্ম.

Abomination

Approved rendering: ঘৃণ্য কাজ
Transliteration: ghrinyo kaj
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: ভুল কাজ (softened, rejected)
Original: תּוֹעֵבָה
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations

Renders תּוֹעֵבָה (~40 occurrences, chs. 5, 6, 8, 16, 18, 22, 23, 33). Keep uniformly strong register across all occurrences; softening undercuts Ezekiel’s deliberate rhetorical escalation.

Idols Gillulim

Approved rendering: প্রতিমা
Transliteration: protima
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: দেবতা (would soften/legitimize), মূর্তি (weaker degrading force than গִּלּוּלִים intends, secondary acceptable variant)

Renders גִּלּוּלִים (chs. 6, 8, 14, 16, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 44), a deliberately degrading term. প্রতিমা is the everyday Bengali word for Durga Puja and other major Hindu festival images — the single highest-intensity cultural-collision term in this curriculum. No euphemistic substitute exists without inaccuracy; require standing pastoral teaching notes at every major cluster, never a targeted accusation against present-day neighbors.

Harlotry Covenant Unfaithfulness

Approved rendering: ব্যভিচার করা
Transliteration: bebhichar kora
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: বেশ্যাবৃত্তি করা (more clinical/vulgar, secondary variant only)
Original: זָנָה
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders זָנָה, the extended marriage-covenant-unfaithfulness metaphor applied to Jerusalem (ch. 16) and Samaria/Jerusalem (ch. 23). Requires the most formal Bengali Bible register available, given honor-shame sensitivity in both Bengali Hindu and Muslim social contexts; teaching notes must clarify the metaphorical, covenantal target.

False Peace

Approved rendering: শান্তি, যদিও শান্তি নেই
Transliteration: shanti, jodio shanti nei
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of the Prophetic Word
Original: שָׁלוֹם וְאֵין שָׁלוֹם
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders שָׁלוֹם וְאֵין שָׁלוֹם (ch. 13), false prophets’ counterfeit-security message. Reuses baseline শান্তি but must be clearly framed as a condemned false claim, never confused with the doctrine of genuine Peace with God.

Day Of The Lord Wrath

Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর দিন
Transliteration: Sadaprabhur din
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations
Original: יוֹם יְהוָה / יוֹם עֶבְרָה
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations

Renders יוֹם יְהוָה / יוֹם עֶבְרָה (ch. 7; 30-32), applied to specific historical, dated judgments. Must retain historical specificity alongside typological force; avoid phrasing suggestive of an impersonal cyclical cosmic-age reading.

Nations Geopolitical

Approved rendering: জাতিগণ
Transliteration: jatigon
Doctrine: Judgment on the Nations
Rejected alternatives: পরজাতি (Romans-baseline positive mission-field sense, forbidden here)
Original: גּוֹיִם
Category: Judgment on the Nations

Renders גּוֹיִם where the sense is specific historical geopolitical nations under God’s judgment (chs. 25-32, 35, 38-39). Do NOT default to the Romans baseline’s পরজাতি. Document-level segregation: জাতিগণ exclusively within Ezekiel’s judgment-oracle material; পরজাতি reserved strictly for NT contexts elsewhere in the curriculum.

Sea Monster Dragon

Approved rendering: সামুদ্রিক দানব
Transliteration: samudrik danob
Doctrine: Judgment on the Nations
Rejected alternatives: নাগ, সর্প-দেবতা, any serpent-deity-adjacent vocabulary (forbidden)
Original: תַּנִּין
Category: Judgment on the Nations

Renders תַּנִּין, applied to Pharaoh (29:3; 32:2). Bengal’s living Manasa Devi folk-serpent cult creates a severe collision risk with any naga/serpent-deity-adjacent vocabulary. Use সামুদ্রিক দানব or কুমির (crocodile, matching the concrete Nile referent).

Gog And Magog

Approved rendering: গোগ ও মাগোগ
Transliteration: Gog o Magog
Doctrine: Gog and Magog / Eschatological Judgment of the Nations
Rejected alternatives: any semantic translation of the names (forbidden — proper names)
Original: גּוֹג וּמָגוֹג
Category: Judgment on the Nations

Renders גּוֹג וּמָגוֹג (chs. 38-39). Transliterate as proper names only. Mandatory teaching note distinguishing Ezekiel’s near-historical horizon from Revelation 20:8’s later, non-identical reuse of the same names.

Everlasting Covenant

Approved rendering: চিরস্থায়ী নিয়ম
Transliteration: chirosthayi niyom
Doctrine: Everlasting Covenant of Peace
Rejected alternatives: প্রতিশ্রুতি (generic ‘promise’, loses covenant force)
Original: בְּרִית עוֹלָם
Category: Restoration

Renders בְּרִית עוֹלָם (16:60; 37:26). Combine established নিয়ম with a clear permanence modifier consistently; do not substitute অনন্তকালীন inconsistently for চিরস্থায়ী — treat as a closed phrase.

Covenant Of Peace

Approved rendering: শান্তির নিয়ম
Transliteration: shantir niyom
Doctrine: Everlasting Covenant of Peace
Original: בְּרִית שָׁלוֹם
Category: Restoration

Renders בְּרִית שָׁלוֹם (34:25; 37:26). Compound of two already-fixed baseline terms (নিয়ম, শান্তি); do not substitute synonyms for either component.

Shepherd

Approved rendering: মেষপালক
Transliteration: meshpalok
Doctrine: Reunification and Davidic Hope
Original: רֹעֶה
Category: Restoration

Renders רֹעֶה (ch. 34). Use the identical term for both the failed human shepherds (rebuke) and God’s/the coming shepherd’s role, so the moral contrast — not a vocabulary switch — carries the theology. Preserve continuity with NT Good Shepherd vocabulary (John 10) elsewhere in this curriculum family.

Servant David Typological

Approved rendering: আমার দাস দায়ূদ
Transliteration: amar das Dayud
Doctrine: Reunification and Davidic Hope
Original: עַבְדִּי דָוִיד
Category: Restoration

Renders עַבְדִּי דָוִיד (34:23-24; 37:24-25). Typological, fulfilled in Christ, not a literal resurrection of the historical King David. Mandatory teaching note connecting this to the Romans-baseline দায়ূদের বংশ (seed of David) doctrine.

Prince Not King

Approved rendering: রাজপ্রধান
Transliteration: rajprodhan
Doctrine: The Vision of the New Temple
Rejected alternatives: রাজা (king, wrongly implies unsubordinated rule), রাজপুত্র (wrongly implies biological royal heir)
Original: נָשִׂיא
Category: Restoration / Vision of the New Temple

Coined compound rendering נָשִׂיא, Ezekiel’s deliberately chosen title (chs. 34-48) consciously avoiding מֶלֶך (‘king’) except at 37:24-25. Signals the future ruler’s subordination to YHWH’s own kingship. Flag as a constructed solution; do not let it drift back to রাজা for smoother prose in later chapters.

Temple Sanctuary Ot

Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর মন্দির
Transliteration: Sadaprabhur mondir
Doctrine: The Vision of the New Temple
Rejected alternatives: মণ্ডলী (church, wrong referent entirely), bare মন্দির (never leave unqualified)
Original: בַּיִת / מִקְדָּשׁ
Category: The Vision of the New Temple

Renders בַּיִת / מִקְדָּשׁ, the literal Jerusalem temple building (chs. 8-11, 40-46). Unlike the Romans baseline’s rejection of মন্দির for ἐκκλησία/church, the literal OT temple building is appropriately মন্দির in established Bengali Bible convention — but ALWAYS with the divine-name qualifier সদাপ্রভুর; never left bare. This is a different referent from, and does not contradict, the baseline’s church-vocabulary decision.

Place Of My Throne

Approved rendering: আমার সিংহাসনের স্থান
Transliteration: amar singhashoner sthan
Doctrine: God’s Presence Returning
Rejected alternatives: পবিত্রস্থান (generic ‘holy place’, loses royal imagery)
Original: מְקוֹם כִּסְאִי
Category: God’s Presence Departing and Returning

Renders מְקוֹם כִּסְאִי (43:7). Preserve royal/throne imagery explicitly; do not flatten to generic ‘holy place’.

River Of Living Water

Approved rendering: মন্দিরের চৌকাঠের নিচ থেকে প্রবাহিত জল
Transliteration: mondirer choukather nich theke probahito jol
Doctrine: River of Living Water and Cosmic Renewal
Rejected alternatives: generic ‘river’ without explicit temple-source (rejected)
Original: מַיִם…יֹצְאִים מִתַּחַת מִפְתַּן הַבַּיִת
Category: The Vision of the New Temple / Restoration

Renders מַיִם…יֹצְאִים מִתַּחַת מִפְתַּן הַבַּיִת (ch. 47). Preserve the specific detail that the river’s source is the temple/God’s presence, essential for the NT typological connection (John 7:38; Revelation 22:1-2).

Trees For Healing

Approved rendering: ফলদায়ক গাছ ও আরোগ্যদায়ক পাতা
Transliteration: foldayok gach o arogyodayok pata
Doctrine: River of Living Water and Cosmic Renewal
Original: עֵץ…לְמַאֲכָל וְעָלֵהוּ לִתְרוּפָה
Category: Restoration

Renders עֵץ…לְמַאֲכָל וְעָלֵהוּ לִתְרוּפָה (ch. 47). Mandatory translator/teaching note establishing the Eden (Gen 2) → Ezekiel 47 → Revelation 22 typological chain; easily lost as an isolated botanical detail without this note.

For My Names Sake

Approved rendering: আমার নামের জন্য
Transliteration: amar namer jonno
Doctrine: The Glory and Sovereignty of God
Original: לְמַעַן שְׁמִי
Category: The Glory and Sovereignty of God

Renders לְמַעַן שְׁמִי (20:9,14,22,44; 36:22,32), God’s own reputation/character as the ground of both judgment and restoration. Must render identically at every recurrence; attach teaching note distinguishing divine self-consistency from a human honor/shame face-saving transaction.

Watchman

Approved rendering: প্রহরী
Transliteration: proheri
Doctrine: The Watchman and Prophetic Accountability
Original: צֹפֶה
Category: Individual Responsibility for Sin

Renders צֹפֶה (chs. 3, 33). Must convey personal, weighty, life-and-death accountability, not a passive or hired-security-guard connotation common to modern Bengali usage; pair with explicit framing language at first occurrence (3:16-21) establishing the gravity.

Turn Repent

Approved rendering: ফিরে আসা
Transliteration: phire asha
Doctrine: Individual Responsibility for Sin
Original: שׁוּב
Category: Individual Responsibility for Sin

Renders שׁוּב (chs. 3, 14, 18, 33), the covenantal reversal of moral direction central to ch. 18’s argument. Keep consistent with whatever repentance vocabulary is fixed for Gospels/Acts materials elsewhere in this curriculum family.

Medium Risk Terms

Peace

Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Everlasting Covenant of Peace
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Original: שָׁלוֹם
Category: Restoration

Inherited from Romans package exactly. In Ezekiel used both genuinely (covenant_of_peace, chs. 34, 37) and ironically of false prophetic reassurance (ch. 13, see false_peace below) — context must clearly frame the ironic usage as condemned, not descriptive.

Israel

Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package exactly.

David

Approved rendering: দায়ূদ
Transliteration: Dayud
Doctrine: Reunification and Davidic Hope
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Restoration

Inherited from Romans package exactly. Combines with আমার দাস for servant_david_typological below.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: পরজাতি
Transliteration: porojati
Doctrine: Judgment on the Nations (divergence flag)
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী

Inherited from Romans package exactly, BUT DO NOT REUSE for Ezekiel’s גּוֹיִם (specific geopolitical nations under judgment, chs. 25-32, 35, 38-39). পরজাতি carries the Romans-baseline’s positive, gospel-inclusion sense; using it for Ezekiel’s judged nations would blur two opposite theological postures. Use nations_geopolitical (জাতিগণ) below instead. This entry is retained here strictly to document the deliberate non-reuse boundary.

Whole House Of Israel

Approved rendering: সমস্ত ইস্রায়েল-বংশ
Transliteration: somosto Israel-bongsho
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Original: כָּל־בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones

Renders כָּל־בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל (37:11). Corporate reading; must not be confused with ch. 18’s individual-responsibility frame addressed to the same audience.

Iniquity Guilt

Approved rendering: পাপভার
Transliteration: papbhar
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations
Rejected alternatives: পাপ (loses the accrued-liability sense)
Original: עָוֹן
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders עָוֹן, accrued guilt-liability (ch. 4’s day-count sign-act). Coined compound, not an inherited Bengali Bible term; flag as such so reviewers do not assume prior translation precedent. Distinguish from পাপ (sin as the act itself).

High Place

Approved rendering: উচ্চস্থান
Transliteration: uccho-sthan
Doctrine: Covenant Unfaithfulness and Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির (would blur with legitimate worship sites)
Original: בָּמָה
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations

Renders בָּמָה (chs. 6, 16, 20), illegitimate open-air cultic sites. Keep terminologically distinct from মন্দির (reserved for the legitimate temple).

Jealousy Covenantal

Approved rendering: ঈর্ষা
Transliteration: irsha
Doctrine: God’s Presence Departing
Rejected alternatives: ক্রোধ (anger, loses the specific jealousy sense)
Original: קִנְאָה
Category: God’s Presence Departing and Returning

Renders קִנְאָה (chs. 8, 16, 23, 36, 38), God’s exclusive covenant-jealousy. Bengali ঈর্ষা is ordinarily petty envy; attach a standing translator note distinguishing covenant-exclusivity jealousy from sinful personal envy, matching existing Bengali Bible usage for ‘a jealous God’ in Exodus 20.

Mark Sign Tav

Approved rendering: চিহ্ন
Transliteration: chihno
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem
Original: תָּו
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders תָּו (ch. 9), a protective mark on those who grieve over the city’s sin. Avoid conflating with baptismal/sacramental ‘seal’ language without an explanatory note; the Revelation 7 typological connection is not identity.

Sign Oth

Approved rendering: নিদর্শন
Transliteration: nidorshon
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem
Rejected alternatives: তত্ত্ব/আশ্চর্য কাজ (generic miracle, loses communicative sense)
Original: אוֹת
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders אוֹת, a divinely appointed enacted symbol communicating a message beyond words (used of Ezekiel’s own sign-acts and his wife’s death, 24:24, 27).

Bloodguilt

Approved rendering: রক্তপাত
Transliteration: roktopat
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem
Rejected alternatives: রক্ত (bare, loses the legal liability sense)
Original: דָּם
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders דָּם as a covenant-violation category (22:2-4, 6-13), the legal ‘guilt owed for shed blood’ sense, not merely the physical substance.

Eden Garden Of God

Approved rendering: এদন, ঈশ্বরের বাগান
Transliteration: Eden, Ishshorer bagan
Doctrine: River of Living Water and Cosmic Renewal
Rejected alternatives: স্বর্গ (generic paradise, rejected)
Original: עֵדֶן גַּן־אֱלֹהִים
Category: Judgment on the Nations / Restoration

Renders עֵדֶן גַּן־אֱלֹהִים, applied ironically to Tyre (28:13) and positively in restoration promises (36:35; ch. 47). Keep as the specific proper-name garden of Genesis 2-3, not a generic Bengali/Hindu paradise concept.

Hope Tiqvah

Approved rendering: আশা
Transliteration: asha
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Original: תִּקְוָה
Category: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones

Renders תִּקְוָה (37:11), Israel’s despairing self-assessment in exile. Keep the intensity of ‘lost’ (אָבְדָה) rather than softening to mild discouragement.

Great Army Chayil

Approved rendering: মহাবিশাল সৈন্যদল
Transliteration: mohabishal sainyodol
Doctrine: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones
Rejected alternatives: জনতা / লোকজন (generic crowd, loses martial vigor)
Original: חַיִל גָּדוֹל מְאֹד
Category: Restoration and the Valley of Dry Bones

Renders חַיִל גָּדוֹל מְאֹד (37:10). Preserve the martial/vigorous connotation of a mobilized, capable covenant people, not a passive multitude.

Sons Of Zadok

Approved rendering: সাদোকের সন্তানগণ
Transliteration: Sadoker sontangon
Doctrine: Holiness and Gradated Priestly Access
Original: בְּנֵי צָדוֹק
Category: The Vision of the New Temple

Renders בְּנֵי צָדוֹק (44:15), a specific priestly lineage. Proper name, transliterate; the doctrinal point is the gradated-holiness/access principle it illustrates, not the term itself.

Clean Unclean Ritual

Approved rendering: অশুচি ও শুচি
Transliteration: oshuchi o shuchi
Doctrine: Holiness and Gradated Priestly Access
Rejected alternatives: পবিত্র/অপবিত্র (would confuse with the moral/relational holy-term)
Original: טָמֵא / טָהוֹר
Category: The Vision of the New Temple

Renders טָמֵא / טָהוֹר (44:23), literal OT ceremonial-purity vocabulary. This is the ONE authorized context in the curriculum where শুচি-family vocabulary is textually correct — distinct from পবিত্র (holy, moral/relational), which must never be rendered with শুচি elsewhere.

Sacrificial Offerings

Approved rendering: হোমবলি, পাপার্থক বলি ও ভক্ষ্য নৈবেদ্য
Transliteration: hombali, paparthok bali o bhokkhyo noibeddo
Doctrine: The Vision of the New Temple
Original: עוֹלָה / חַטָּאת / מִנְחָה
Category: The Vision of the New Temple

Renders עוֹלָה / חַטָּאת / מִנְחָה (chs. 45-46), the restored temple’s sacrificial calendar. Established Bengali OT sacrificial vocabulary; নৈবেদ্য overlaps with generic Hindu puja food-offering usage but is already accepted standard practice in Bengali Bible tradition — low-residual risk, brief teaching note sufficient.

Sojourner

Approved rendering: প্রবাসী
Transliteration: probashi
Doctrine: Inclusion of the Sojourner
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী (secondary acceptable variant)
Original: גֵּר
Category: The Vision of the New Temple

Renders גֵּר (47:22-23), non-native residents granted land-inheritance in Ezekiel’s own restoration vision. Standard established rendering; note theological significance (inclusion, not mere toleration), continuous with the Unity of Jews and Gentiles doctrine in the Romans baseline.

Latter Days

Approved rendering: শেষ কালে
Transliteration: shesh kale
Doctrine: Gog and Magog / Eschatological Judgment of the Nations
Original: בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים
Category: Judgment on the Nations

Renders בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים (ch. 38). Keep distinguishable from the historical ‘day of the LORD’ judgment-oracle phrase (day_of_the_lord_wrath above); this is the more strictly eschatological horizon marker.

House Of Rebellion

Approved rendering: বিদ্রোহী বংশ
Transliteration: bidrohi bongsho
Doctrine: Judgment on Jerusalem
Rejected alternatives: অবাধ্য লোক (individualizes what should be corporate)
Original: בֵּית מְרִי
Category: Judgment on Jerusalem

Renders בֵּית מְרִי (ch. 2). Keep the corporate, generational character of Israel’s persistent covenant-breaking, not merely individual disobedience.

Cherubim

Approved rendering: করূব
Transliteration: korub
Doctrine: God’s Presence Departing
Rejected alternatives: দূত (generic ‘angel’, loses throne-bearing imagery)
Original: כְּרוּב / כְּרוּבִים
Category: God / Sovereignty

Renders כְּרוּב/כְּרוּבִים (chs. 1, 10), already an established Bengali OT technical transliteration; keep as such.

Hand Of The Lord

Approved rendering: সদাপ্রভুর হাত
Transliteration: Sadaprabhur hat
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of the Prophetic Word
Rejected alternatives: figurative softening (rejected)
Original: יַד־יְהוָה
Category: Prophecy / Revelation

Renders יַד־יְהוָה (1:3; 3:14; 8:1; 37:1; 40:1), marking a vision as divinely compelled. Must render identically at every major vision-introduction for cross-reference consistency.

Sabbath Covenant Sign

Approved rendering: বিশ্রামবার
Transliteration: bishrambar
Doctrine: Sabbath as Covenant Sign
Rejected alternatives: সাব্বাথ (transliteration, acceptable secondary variant)

Renders שַׁבָּת as covenant-sign vocabulary (ch. 20’s historical-narrative usage; ch. 46’s liturgical-calendar usage in the restored temple). Established Bengali Bible term; keep rendering consistent between the two usages.

Low Risk Terms

Prophet

Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: bhabbadi
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of the Prophetic Word
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী

Inherited from Romans package exactly.

Prophecy

Approved rendering: ভাববাণী
Transliteration: bhabbani
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of the Prophetic Word
Rejected alternatives: গণনা

Inherited from Romans package exactly. See prophet_prophesy below for the imperative verb form (הִנָּבֵא), elevated to High-risk attention specifically at Ezekiel 37:4-10 where the prophetic word is causally effective, not merely predictive.

Library content is free and openly licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — share and adapt it for non-commercial use, with attribution to tri-bible.ai.