Core Glossary
08 Core Glossary — Hebrews (English → Bengali)
This glossary records every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all 13 chapters of Hebrews. Terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [REUSE] and must be used exactly as recorded there; no alternative rendering is proposed for them. New terms introduced by Hebrews are marked [NEW] and carry a proposed Bengali rendering, risk tier, and grounded reasoning, to be added to translation memory as new entries per the Phase 2 protocol.
A. Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| English Term | Bengali Rendering | Risk | Hebrews Occurrences | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ঈশ্বর | Critical | throughout | [REUSE] |
| Jesus | যীশু | Critical | 2:9; 3:1; 4:14; 6:20; 7:22; 10:19; 12:2,24; 13:8,12,20 | [REUSE] |
| Christ | খ্রীষ্ট | Critical | throughout | [REUSE] |
| Lord | প্রভু | Critical | 1:10; 2:3; 7:14,21; 8:2,8-11; 12:5-6,14; 13:6,20 | [REUSE] |
| Son of God | ঈশ্বরের পুত্র | Critical | 4:14; 6:6; 7:3; 10:29 | [REUSE]; bare υἱός in ch.1 shares this weight |
| Holy Spirit | পবিত্র আত্মা | Critical | 2:4; 3:7; 6:4; 9:8,14; 10:15 | [REUSE] |
| Father | পিতা | Critical | 1:5; 12:7,9 | [REUSE] |
| Faith | বিশ্বাস | High | 4:2; 6:1,12; 10:22,38-39; ch.11 throughout; 12:2; 13:7 | [REUSE] |
| Grace | অনুগ্রহ | High | 2:9; 4:16; 10:29; 12:15,28; 13:9,25 | [REUSE] |
| Salvation | পরিত্রাণ | Critical | 1:14; 2:3,10; 5:9; 6:9; 9:28 | [REUSE] |
| Resurrection | পুনরুত্থান | Critical | 6:2; 11:35; 13:20 | [REUSE]; never পুনর্জন্ম |
| Holy | পবিত্র | High | 2:11; 3:1; 9:2-3,8,12,24-25; 10:10,14,19,29; 12:10,14; 13:11-12 | [REUSE] |
| Sanctification | পবিত্রীকরণ | High | 2:11; 10:10,14,29; 13:12 | [REUSE] |
| Saints (holy ones) | পবিত্র লোক | High | 6:10; 13:24 (implicit “all the saints”) | [REUSE]; never সাধু/সাধুগণ |
| Covenant | নিয়ম | High | 7:22; 8:6-10,13; 9:4,15-20; 10:16,29; 12:24; 13:20 | [REUSE] as base for “covenant”; combine with “new/first” qualifiers (see Section B) |
| Law | ব্যবস্থা | High | 7:5,12,16,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,8,16,28 | [REUSE]; never ধর্ম or শরিয়ত |
| Sin | পাপ | High | throughout, esp. chs. 2-4, 9-10 | [REUSE] |
| Glory | মহিমা | High | 1:3; 2:7,9-10; 3:3; 13:21 | [REUSE]; never তেজ |
| Called/Calling | আহুত / আহ্বান | High | 3:1; 5:4; 9:15; 11:8 | [REUSE] |
| Election | ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন | High | (implicit in calling/inheritance language, 9:15) | [REUSE] where explicit election language occurs |
| Intercession | মধ্যস্থতা | Medium | 7:25 (“he always lives to intercede”) | [REUSE] for the act of prayerful intercession; distinguish from মধ্যস্থ (mediator, Section B) |
| Peace | শান্তি | Medium | 7:2 (Melchizedek, “king of peace”); 12:14; 13:20 | [REUSE] |
| Thanksgiving | ধন্যবাদ | Low | 13:15 (adjacent concept, “fruit of lips”) | [REUSE] |
| Fellowship | সহভাগিতা | Low | 13:16 (“do not neglect to do good and to share”) | [REUSE] where κοινωνία-family vocabulary appears |
| Church | মণ্ডলী | Medium | 2:12; 12:23 | [REUSE] |
| Kingdom of God | ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য | Medium | 1:8 (throne); 12:28 | [REUSE], extended with অটল (“unshakable”) in 12:28 |
| Gentiles | পরজাতি | Medium | (not prominent; Hebrews addresses primarily Jewish-background readers) | [REUSE] if referenced |
| Prophet | ভাববাদী | Low | 1:1 | [REUSE] |
| Prophecy | ভাববাণী | Low | 1:1 (implicit) | [REUSE] |
| David | দায়ূদ | Medium | 4:7; 11:32 | [REUSE] |
| Israel | ইস্রায়েল | Medium | 8:8,10; 11:22 | [REUSE] |
| Apostle | প্রেরিত | Medium | 3:1 (uniquely applied to Christ) | [REUSE]; see High-risk note in 07 §Ch.3 |
| Exhort | উৎসাহিত করা | Low | 3:13; 10:25; 13:22 | [REUSE] |
| Obedience of Faith | বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা | High | 5:8 (ὑπακοή root) | [REUSE root] |
| Power of God | ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য | High | (general principle applies to all “power” language, e.g. 1:3 φέρων, 2:14 κράτος, 6:5 δυνάμεις) | [REUSE]; never শক্তি anywhere in Hebrews |
| Messiah | খ্রীষ্ট | Critical | (see Christ above) | [REUSE] |
| Abba | আব্বা | Medium | (not textually present in Hebrews but retained for cross-curriculum consistency with Romans 8:15) | [REUSE] if referenced in supplementary material |
B. New Terms Introduced by Hebrews
B.1 Priesthood and Cultic Office
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Priest | ἀρχιερεύς | মহাযাজক | mohajajok | High | Christ as Great High Priest | Established Bengali Bible term; risk of caste/Brahmin-priest or monastic-abbot conflation; clarify office is by divine oath, not heredity/caste. |
| Priest | ἱερεύς | যাজক | jajok | Medium | Levitical Priesthood | Same caste-conflation risk as মহাযাজক, lower stakes. |
| Priesthood | ἱερωσύνη | যাজকত্ব | jajoktwo | Medium | Levitical Priesthood / Christ as Great High Priest | Abstract office-noun; low lexical risk, inherits priestly-office risk. |
| Order (of Melchizedek) | τάξις | ধারা / পদ্ধতি | dhara | Low | Christ as Great High Priest | Neutral administrative term. |
| Mediator | μεσίτης | মধ্যস্থ | moddhostho | High | New Covenant vs. Old; Access to God | Must be distinguished from মধ্যস্থতা (intercession) and from folk pir/saint-shrine mediation customs; Christ is the sole sufficient mediator. |
| Guarantor | ἔγγυος | জামিনদার | jaminder | Low-Medium | New Covenant vs. Old | Familiar Bengali legal/financial term; good natural resonance. |
| Apostle and High Priest of our confession | ἀπόστολος καὶ ἀρχιερεύς τῆς ὁμολογίας | আমাদের অঙ্গীকারের প্রেরিত ও মহাযাজক | — | High | Christ as Great High Priest | Unique christological application of প্রেরিত distinct from the ordinary apostolic office; requires clarifying note. |
| Confession | ὁμολογία | স্বীকারোক্তি / স্বীকৃতি | shikarokti | Low-Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | Ties to Romans 10:9’s যীশু প্রভু confession pattern; keep consistent. |
B.2 Sacrifice, Blood, and Atonement
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sacrifice | θυσία | বলিদান / বলি | bolidan / boli | High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Strong Bengali Shakta (Durga/Kali Puja) blood-sacrifice association; must be framed as Christ’s voluntary self-giving, never as appeasement of a bloodthirsty deity. |
| Offering | προσφορά | উৎসর্গ | utshorgo | Medium-High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Avoid নৈবেদ্য (Hindu temple food-offering term). |
| Blood | αἷμα | রক্ত | rôkto | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | No lexical collision; doctrinally load-bearing throughout chs. 9-10, 13. |
| Once for all | ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ | একবারমাত্র | ekbaromatro | High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Guards the linear-historical, non-repeatable nature of Christ’s sacrifice against cyclical-ritual assimilation (Hindu yajna/puja repetition). |
| Redemption | λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις | মুক্তি | mukti | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Access to God | Same root as মোক্ষ/moksha (liberation from rebirth); mandatory translator note distinguishing a historical blood-price ransom from cyclical liberation, every occurrence. |
| Propitiation (make propitiation) | ἱλάσκομαι | প্রায়শ্চিত্ত সাধন করা | prayashchitto shadhon kora | Critical | Christ as Great High Priest; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | প্রায়শ্চিত্ত is the Hindu penance/self-atonement term; retained per established wider Bengali Christian usage but requires mandatory note that Christ performs this on our behalf, not the worshipper. |
| Purify / Purification | καθαρίζω / καθαρισμός | শুচি করা / শুচিকরণ | shuchi kora | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Deliberately used of both OT ritual purification and NT conscience-cleansing in 9:13-14; must preserve, not collapse, the a fortiori contrast the text itself makes. |
| Sanctify (ritual sense, 9:13) | ἁγιάζω | পবিত্র করা | pobitro kora | High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Contextual overlap with [REUSE] পবিত্রীকরণ; here describing the OT system’s limited external effect, contrasted with v.14’s deeper cleansing — context note required. |
| Mercy seat / Atonement cover | ἱλαστήριον | পাপাবরণ | papaboron | Medium | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Established Bengali OT term for the physical furniture-object; distinguish from the abstract doctrine of propitiation. |
| Sacrifice of praise | θυσία αἰνέσεως | প্রশংসার বলিদান | proshongshar bolidan | High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice (metaphorical extension) | Inherits বলিদান risk; recommend explicit “fruit of lips” gloss to keep the metaphor clear. |
| Altar | θυσιαστήριον | বেদি | bedi | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Never যজ্ঞবেদি (specifically Hindu Vedic fire-sacrifice altar). |
| Ashes of a heifer / sprinkling | σποδὸς δαμάλεως / ῥαντίζω | দমরীর ভস্ম / ছিটানো | — | Low | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Descriptive OT ritual vocabulary; low collision risk, contextually paired with high-risk purification terms above. |
B.3 Covenant and Sanctuary
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Covenant | καινή διαθήκη | নতুন নিয়ম | notun niyom | High | New Covenant versus the Old | Built on [REUSE] নিয়ম; ambiguous with the Bengali title of the New Testament canon — clarifying gloss required at first occurrence per document. |
| First/Old Covenant | πρώτη διαθήκη | প্রথম নিয়ম / পুরাতন নিয়ম | prothom niyom / purátôn niyom | Medium | New Covenant versus the Old | Same canon-title ambiguity risk in reverse (Old Testament title). |
| Covenant (as legal will/testament) | διαθήκη (wordplay sense, 9:16-17) | উইল / অসিয়ত | — | Medium | New Covenant versus the Old | Distinct legal-will sense the author exploits; requires a translator note explaining the Greek wordplay so the argument is not lost. |
| Tabernacle / Tent | σκηνή | তাম্বু | tambu | Medium | Christ as Great High Priest; Access to God | Distinguish the literal wilderness tent (9:1-5) from the “greater, heavenly tabernacle” (9:11) with a modifier. |
| Holy Place(s) | τὰ ἅγια | পবিত্র স্থান | pobitro sthan | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Built on [REUSE] পবিত্র; referent shifts between earthly outer room and heaven itself across ch. 9 — context required. |
| Most Holy Place / Holy of Holies | ἅγια ἁγίων | মহাপবিত্র স্থান | mohapobitro sthan | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Standard compound; low ambiguity once “Holy Place” above is fixed. |
| Veil / Curtain | καταπέτασμα | যবনিকা | jabonika | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | NEVER পর্দা (the Bengali Muslim term for women’s veiling/purdah); যবনিকা avoids the gender-seclusion collision entirely. |
| Ark of the Covenant | κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκης | নিয়ম-সিন্দুক | niyom-sinduk | Low | New Covenant versus the Old | Standard OT compound, minimal risk. |
| Cherubim | χερουβίμ | করূব | korub | Low | (background/context term) | Transliterated proper/technical noun. |
| Shadow / Copy / True form | σκιά / ὑπόδειγμα / ἀντίτυπος / εἰκών | ছায়া / নমুনা / প্রতিরূপ / প্রকৃত রূপ | chaya / nomuna / protirup / prokrito rup | Medium-High | New Covenant versus the Old; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | NEVER render εἰκών-family with মূর্তি/প্রতিমা/প্রতিমূর্তি (idol-image vocabulary). |
B.4 Christology (Sonship, Nature, Superiority over Angels)
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angel | ἄγγελος | স্বর্গদূত | shorgodut | High | Superiority of Christ over Angels | Never ফেরেশতা (Bengali Muslim Qur’anic-idiom term); guard against conflation with Hindu deva (a worshipped being), the reverse relationship Hebrews 1 describes. |
| Exact imprint / representation | χαρακτήρ (τῆς ὑποστάσεως) | সঠিক স্বরূপ | sôthik shôrup | Critical | Superiority of Christ over Angels; Deity of Christ | NEVER প্রতিমূর্তি (Hindu deity-idol/statue term, e.g. Durga Puja images) — the single sharpest idol-collision risk in the book. |
| Nature/Being (essential) | ὑπόστασις (1:3 sense) | স্বরূপ / সত্তা | shôrup / shotta | Medium | Deity of Christ | Distinct sense from the 11:1 “assurance” usage of the same Greek word; context-sensitive rendering required. |
| Radiance/Effulgence (of glory) | ἀπαύγασμα | মহিমার দীপ্তি | mohimar dipti | Medium | Deity of Christ | Built on [REUSE] মহিমা; never তেজ (Hindu deity-radiance/aura association, per baseline). |
| Firstborn | πρωτότοκος | প্রথমজাত | prothomjato | Medium | Superiority of Christ over Angels; Sonship of Christ | Title of rank/priority, not a claim of a beginning-point for the eternal Son. |
| Ministering spirits | λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα | সেবাকারী আত্মা | sebakari attha | Medium | Superiority of Christ over Angels | আত্মা shared root with পবিত্র আত্মা and folk-belief ancestral spirits; clarify these are created servant-messengers. |
| Flesh and blood (true humanity) | σάρξ καὶ αἷμα | রক্তমাংস | rôktomangsho | Medium | Humanity of Christ | Affirms real physical humanity against docetic/illusory and Islamic non-suffering readings. |
| Learned obedience (through suffering) | ἔμαθεν… τὴν ὑπακοήν | কষ্টের মধ্য দিয়ে বাধ্যতা শিক্ষা করলেন | — | High | Christ as Great High Priest; Humanity of Christ | Must not imply prior moral deficiency in the sinless Son; requires clarifying note. |
| Pioneer/Founder | ἀρχηγός | পথপ্রদর্শক / আদিকর্তা | pothprodorshok | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | Reappears intensified at 12:2 (see below); avoid siddhi-rooted compounds. |
| Founder and Perfecter (of faith) | ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής | যিনি বিশ্বাসের আরম্ভ করেন ও সম্পন্ন করেন | — | Critical | Perseverance and Assurance | Must NOT use any compound built on সিদ্ধি (siddhi) — a well-known Ganesh epithet (সিদ্ধিদাতা) in Bengali Hindu devotion; use a descriptive verb phrase instead. |
| Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, today, forever | (13:8) | যীশু খ্রীষ্ট গতকাল, আজ ও অনন্তকাল একই | — | Critical | Superiority/Deity of Christ; Perseverance and Assurance | Full doctrinal weight of Christ’s unchanging eternal identity must be preserved, not reduced to a platitude about consistent character. |
B.5 Perfection Terminology (Cross-Chapter Critical Term-Family)
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perfect / Perfected / Perfection | τέλειος / τελειόω / τελείωσις / τελειωτής | সম্পূর্ণ / সম্পূর্ণ করা / সম্পূর্ণতা | sompurno | Critical | Christ as Great High Priest; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Perseverance and Assurance | NEVER সিদ্ধ or any সিদ্ধি-rooted word (Hindu yogic self-attained perfection/supernatural power concept, e.g. siddha guru, সিদ্ধিদাতা). সম্পূর্ণ (complete/whole) is the fixed substitute across every occurrence: 2:10; 5:9; 6:1; 7:11,19,28; 9:9; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:2,23; 13:21. |
B.6 Warning Passages and Apostasy
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fall away / Apostasy | παραπίπτω (and related warning-passage vocabulary) | বিশ্বাসত্যাগ / বিশ্বাস থেকে সরে যাওয়া | bishwastyag | High | Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | Coined doctrine-noun avoiding any ধর্ম-rooted compound (per baseline’s religion/dharma confusion rule); fixed across the curriculum. |
| Crucify again | ἀνασταυρόω | পুনরায় ক্রুশে দেওয়া | punorai krushe deoya | Medium | Danger of Apostasy | Rhetorical re-crucifixion; guard against literalistic misreading. |
| Unbelief | ἀπιστία | অবিশ্বাস | obishwas | Medium | Danger of Apostasy | Negation of [REUSE] বিশ্বাস. |
| Harden (the heart) | σκληρύνω | হৃদয় কঠিন করা | hridoy kothin kora | Medium | Danger of Apostasy | Tied to provoking the personal, living God, not impersonal karmic consequence. |
| Sinning deliberately | ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτανόντων | স্বেচ্ছায় পাপ করা | shechchhay pap kora | High | Danger of Apostasy | Willful, informed rejection after knowledge of the truth; must not be softened into ordinary moral failure. |
| Repentance | μετάνοια | মন-পরিবর্তন | mon-poriborton | Medium | Danger of Apostasy | Prefer volitional “turning” over অনুতাপ (mere emotional remorse) alone. |
| Shrink back | ὑποστολή | পিছিয়ে যাওয়া | pichiye jaoya | Medium | Danger of Apostasy; Perseverance and Assurance | Contrasted with πίστις/endurance. |
B.7 Faith, Perseverance, and Assurance
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assurance/Substantiating reality | ὑπόστασις (11:1 sense) | নিশ্চয়তা | nishchoyota | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance; Faith of OT Saints | Distinct sense from 1:3’s “essential nature” usage of the same Greek word — context-sensitive. |
| Conviction/Evidence | ἔλεγχος | প্রমাণ | proman | Low | Faith of OT Saints | Straightforward. |
| Endurance | ὑπομονή | স্থিরতা / ধৈর্য | sthirota / dhoirjo | Low | Perseverance and Assurance | Core term for the doctrine. |
| Confidence/Boldness | παρρησία | সাহস / নির্ভীকতা | shahos | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood; Perseverance and Assurance | Climactic Access-doctrine term (3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35); confident, welcomed approach, not presumption. |
| Reward | μισθός / μισθαποδοσία | পুরস্কার | puroshkar | Low-Medium | Faith of OT Saints; Perseverance and Assurance | Must not be assimilated to karma-merit “earned reward” framework. |
| Full assurance of faith | πληροφορία πίστεως | পূর্ণ নিশ্চয়তা | purno nishchoyota | Low-Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | Built on [REUSE] বিশ্বাস. |
| Draw near | προσέρχομαι / ἐγγίζω | কাছে আসা / নিকটবর্তী হওয়া | kache asha | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Confident, invited approach to a personal God, not ritualized approach to an image/shrine. |
| Rest | κατάπαυσις / σαββατισμός | বিশ্রাম / সাব্বাথ বিশ্রাম | bishram | High | Perseverance and Assurance (thematic link) | Must be distinguished from moksha/nirvana (cessation of self) and from mere ritual Sabbath-day observance; a personal, relational, eschatological rest. |
| Only son | μονογενής (of Isaac, 11:17) | একমাত্র পুত্র | ekmatro putro | Medium | Faith of OT Saints | Same Greek word John’s Gospel applies to Christ; note required distinguishing Isaac’s unique-son status from Christ’s unique divine Sonship. |
B.8 Judgment, Conscience, and Human Accountability
| English Term | Greek | Bengali Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conscience | συνείδησις | বিবেক | bibek | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | Standard shared Bengali term; note required that conscience is cleansed by Christ’s blood, not self-purified by moral effort. |
| Judgment | κρίσις | বিচার | bichar | Medium | Danger of Apostasy; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Personal, moral judgment by God, not impersonal karmic accounting or a step within a rebirth cycle. |
| Forgiveness / Remission | ἄφεσις | ক্ষমা | khsoma | Medium | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Access to God | Legitimate here (blood-price basis for release from guilt); must not be treated as fully interchangeable with justification (ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া). |
| Dead works | νεκρὰ ἔργα | মৃত কাজ | mrito kaj | Low | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | Triggers the same grace-vs-works escalation rule as Romans 4:4-5. |
| Discipline | παιδεία | শাসন | shashon | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | Loving fatherly formation, not punitive punishment or karmic consequence. |
B.9 Chapters Reviewed with No New Load-Bearing Terms
None. Every chapter of Hebrews (1–13) introduces or substantially develops at least one load-bearing theological term beyond the Romans baseline, as documented in 07_semantic_analysis.md. Chapters 3, 4, and 10 substantially reuse and develop terms first introduced earlier in the book (e.g., κατάπαυσις introduced in ch. 3, developed through ch. 4; τέλειος introduced in ch. 2, developed through chs. 5–13); these are cross-referenced rather than duplicated as fresh entries in this glossary.
Risk Tier Totals (Hebrews New Terms Only)
| Tier | Count |
|---|---|
| Critical | 7 |
| High | 15 |
| Medium | 22 |
| Low | 21 |
This glossary extends, and must never contradict, the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. All Section A terms are enforced exactly as recorded in the baseline. All Section B terms are proposed for addition to translation memory at Phase 2 Step 16 under the same versioning and enforcement protocol described in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Exact Imprint
Approved rendering: সঠিক স্বরূপ
Transliteration: sôthik shôrup
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: প্রতিমূর্তি, মূর্তি, প্রতিমা
Renders χαρακτήρ (τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ), the exact imprint of God’s own being/nature (1:3), asserting Christ’s full and substantial deity. MUST NOT be rendered প্রতিমূর্তি, the ordinary Bengali word for a worshipped Hindu deity’s statue/idol. The single sharpest idol-collision risk in the entire book; a wrong rendering would invert the claim into ‘Christ is a crafted image of God’ rather than God’s own substantial self-expression.
Father
Approved rendering: পিতা
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্মা, সৃষ্টিকর্তা
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews, God as Father grounds both Christ’s Sonship (1:5) and believers’ formative discipline (12:7,9, the Discipline and Providence of God doctrine). Never ব্রহ্মা or another Hindu creator-deity name.
Founder And Perfecter
Approved rendering: যিনি বিশ্বাসের আরম্ভ করেন ও সম্পন্ন করেন
Transliteration: jini bishwasher arombho koren o shompanno koren
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Rejected alternatives: সিদ্ধিদাতা
Renders ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής (12:2), a climactic, devotionally weighted title. Must NOT use any compound built on সিদ্ধি (siddhi), a well-known epithet of Ganesh (সিদ্ধিদাতা, ‘giver of success/spiritual attainment’) in Bengali Hindu devotion. Use this fixed descriptive verb phrase; never a single-noun coinage.
God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বর
Transliteration: Ishshor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ভগবান, আল্লাহ
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews addresses God as the one who has spoken finally through his Son (1:1-2) and who is addressed as God enthroned forever in the Son (1:8). Never ভগবান or আল্লাহ.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: পবিত্র আত্মা
Transliteration: Pobitro Attha
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ব্রহ্ম, পরমাত্মা
Inherited from Romans package. Active in inspiring Scripture (3:7; 9:8; 10:15) and in Christ’s self-offering (9:14, ‘through the eternal Spirit’). Where 9:14 requires the eternal qualifier, render অনন্ত পবিত্র আত্মা without altering the base term. Never ব্রহ্ম or পরমাত্মা.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: দেহধারণ
Transliteration: dehodharon
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: অবতার, দেহ প্রকাশ
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies Hebrews 2:14 (‘he too partook of the same things,’ flesh and blood) and 2:17 (‘made like his brothers’). NEVER অবতার — the eternal Son’s once-for-all, permanent assumption of humanity, not a Hindu deity’s temporary, repeatable descent.
Jesus
Approved rendering: যীশু
Transliteration: Jishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ঈসা
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews occurrences: 2:9; 3:1; 4:14; 6:20; 7:22; 10:19; 12:2,24; 13:8,12,20. Never ঈসা, the Qur’anic/Muslim-idiom name with a distinct, non-crucified, non-divine Christology — a live concern given Hebrews’ argument depends entirely on a genuinely dead and resurrected High Priest.
Lord
Approved rendering: প্রভু
Transliteration: provu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: মালিক, ঈশ্বর
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ and to YHWH in OT citations quoted throughout Hebrews (1:10; 2:3; 7:14,21; 8:2,8-11; 12:5-6,14; 13:6,20).
Messiah
Approved rendering: খ্রীষ্ট
Transliteration: Khrishto
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: মশীহ, অবতার পুরুষ
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout Hebrews as Christ’s title/name, the singular fulfillment of the priestly and Davidic promises. Never মশীহ outside Muslim-outreach material with explanatory framing.
Perfect Perfected
Approved rendering: সম্পূর্ণ
Transliteration: sompurno
Doctrine: Perfection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: সিদ্ধ, সিদ্ধি
Renders τέλειος/τελειόω/τελείωσις/τελειωτής, the state of being made complete/fully qualified (Christ: 2:10; 5:9; 7:28; believers: 7:11,19; 9:9; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:23; 13:21). NEVER সিদ্ধ or any সিদ্ধি-rooted word — a Hindu/yogic concept of self-attained supernatural power/liberation (a siddha guru; সিদ্ধিদাতা as a Ganesh epithet). সম্পূর্ণ is the FIXED substitute across every occurrence in the entire curriculum; the single highest-frequency Critical-risk term-family in the book.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: প্রায়শ্চিত্ত সাধন করা
Transliteration: prayashchitto shadhon kora
Doctrine: Propitiation and Atonement
Renders ἱλάσκομαι, of Christ’s merciful high-priestly work (2:17). প্রায়শ্চিত্ত is the ordinary Bengali word for Hindu self-performed religious penance/expiation. Retained per established wider Bengali Christian usage, but requires a MANDATORY translator note on every occurrence: Christ himself performs and completes this propitiation on our behalf; it is not a penance the worshipper performs to earn or contribute to forgiveness.
Redemption
Approved rendering: মুক্তি
Transliteration: mukti
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: পরিত্রাণ (reserved exclusively for σωτηρία/salvation)
Renders λύτρωσις/ἀπολύτρωσις (9:12,15), deliverance secured by Christ’s own blood-price. মুক্তি carries an unusually strong Bengali association with মোক্ষ/moksha, liberation from the karmic rebirth cycle. MANDATORY translator note at every single occurrence: this is deliverance purchased once for all time by Christ’s blood-price, a historical, unrepeatable transaction, not release from an ongoing cycle of rebirth.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: পুনরুত্থান
Transliteration: punorutthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: পুনর্জন্ম, পুনর্জীবন
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced as foundational teaching (6:2) and as the ground of hope (11:35; 13:20, ‘the God of peace who brought again from the dead’). Never পুনর্জন্ম.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ধার্মিকতা
Transliteration: dharmikota
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, পুণ্য, ন্যায়
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 11:7,33 (‘worked righteousness’) and 12:11 (‘righteousness’ as fruit of discipline); the ধার্মিক-family root also underlies 12:23’s ‘spirits of the righteous made perfect’ (combined with সম্পূর্ণ, never সিদ্ধ, per the perfect_perfected new term below). NEVER ধর্ম.
Salvation
Approved rendering: পরিত্রাণ
Transliteration: poritran
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, নাজাত
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:14; 2:3,10; 5:9; 6:9; 9:28. NEVER মুক্তি — note this is deliberately distinct from Hebrews’ own new term ‘redemption’ (মুক্তি), which this curriculum uses for λύτρωσις/ἀπολύτρωσις with a mandatory reincarnation-avoidance note; পরিত্রাণ and মুক্তি must never be interchanged despite the latter’s baseline-forbidden status for σωτηρία specifically. Never মোক্ষ or নাজাত.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পুত্র
Transliteration: Ishshorer Putro
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: দেবপুত্র, ঈশ্বরের অংশ
Inherited from Romans package. Explicit at 4:14; 6:6; 7:3; 10:29. The bare υἱός in Hebrews 1 (1:2,5,8) carries the identical doctrinal weight even without θεοῦ stated. Full phrase required; never দেবপুত্র. A translator note distinguishing relational/eternal Sonship from literal biological sonship is required wherever Muslim-background readers are in view.
Unchanging Christ
Approved rendering: যীশু খ্রীষ্ট গতকাল, আজ ও অনন্তকাল একই
Transliteration: Jishu Khrishto gotokal, aj o anontokal eki
Doctrine: Eternal, Unchanging Nature of Christ
Renders 13:8. Must be rendered with full doctrinal weight as a christological confession of eternal, unchanging deity, not as a mere platitude about consistency of character.
High Risk Terms
Altar
Approved rendering: বেদি
Transliteration: bedi
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Rejected alternatives: যজ্ঞবেদি
Renders θυσιαστήριον, referenced metaphorically at 13:10. NEVER যজ্ঞবেদি, the specific term for a Vedic fire-sacrifice altar (homa/yajna performed by a Brahmin priest).
Angel
Approved rendering: স্বর্গদূত
Transliteration: shorgodut
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Angels
Rejected alternatives: ফেরেশতা, দেবতা
Renders ἄγγελος, structurally central to Hebrews 1’s argument for Christ’s superiority; angels worship the Son (1:6). Never ফেরেশতা, the Bengali Muslim Qur’anic-idiom term carrying its own named-archangel angelology (Jibrail, Mikail). Also guard against conflation with Hindu deva, a worshipped minor divine being — the reverse relationship of Hebrews 1’s claim.
Called
Approved rendering: আহুত
Transliteration: ahuto
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: আমন্ত্রিত, নিমন্ত্রিত
Inherited from Romans package. Used of Christ’s high priesthood (5:4), Moses’ calling (11:8), and the called heirs of the eternal inheritance (9:15, κεκλημένοι). Conveys effectual, not merely invitational, summons.
Calling
Approved rendering: আহ্বান
Transliteration: ahban
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package. The ‘heavenly calling’ of 3:1.
Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম
Transliteration: niyom
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: চুক্তি, অঙ্গীকার
Inherited from Romans package. Base term qualified as ‘new’ or ‘first/old’ throughout Hebrews 7-10, 12-13 (see new_covenant and first_covenant, new terms below, for the canon-title disambiguation risk this creates in Bengali specifically for Hebrews).
Election
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের মনোনয়ন
Transliteration: Ishshorer monownoyon
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি, কর্মফল
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in the sovereign choice underlying the effectual calling of those who receive the eternal inheritance (9:15). Not karma-determined fate.
Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাস
Transliteration: bishwas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ঈমান, শ্রদ্ধা
Inherited from Romans package. Central to Hebrews 11’s roll call of OT saints and to the Perseverance and Assurance doctrine (4:2; 6:1,12; 10:22,38-39; 12:2; 13:7). The object of faith must remain recoverable in each of the chapter 11 examples. Never ঈমান or শ্রদ্ধা.
Fall Away
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসত্যাগ
Transliteration: bishwastyag
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: ধর্মান্তর
Coined doctrine-noun for παραπίπτω, falling away from the faith after receiving full knowledge of the truth (6:6). Must not be rendered with any root containing ধর্ম. Never ধর্মান্তর (communal religious conversion) — Hebrews’ concept is informed, individual abandonment of professed faith in Christ, categorically distinct from switching communal religious identity, a socially fraught category in both Bangladesh and West Bengal.
Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমা
Transliteration: mohima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতি, তেজ
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:3; 2:7,9-10; 3:3; 13:21. Never তেজ — see radiance_of_glory (new term) for the specific compound মহিমার দীপ্তি required at 1:3.
Grace
Approved rendering: অনুগ্রহ
Transliteration: anugroho
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: কৃপা, পুণ্য, ভাগ্য
Inherited from Romans package. The throne to which believers draw near (4:16) and which apostates outrage (10:29). Never পুণ্য, ভাগ্য, or কৃপা in soteriological contexts.
High Priest
Approved rendering: মহাযাজক
Transliteration: mohajajok
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: গুরু, ব্রাহ্মণ পুরোহিত
Established Bengali Bible term for ἀρχιερεύς. Risk of readers mapping this onto a caste-based Brahmin priestly office or a monastic abbot figure; requires a clarifying note at first occurrence in each chapter-block (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) that Christ’s priesthood is held by divine oath and eternal Sonship, not heredity, ritual-purity class, or monastic renunciation.
Holy
Approved rendering: পবিত্র
Transliteration: pobitro
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুচি, নির্মল
Inherited from Romans package. Describes believers’ brotherly calling (3:1), the sanctuary spaces (9:2-3,8,12,24-25), and the holiness required in 12:14. Never শুচি (ritual-purity connotation).
Judgment
Approved rendering: বিচার
Transliteration: bichar
Doctrine: Judgment and Human Accountability
Renders κρίσις, God’s personal judgment appointed to follow death (9:27) and the ‘fearful expectation of judgment’ facing deliberate apostates (10:27). Must be kept distinct from an impersonal karmic accounting or a step within a cycle culminating in rebirth.
Law
Approved rendering: ব্যবস্থা
Transliteration: bebostha
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ধর্ম, শরিয়ত, নিয়ম
Inherited from Romans package. Governs the Levitical system throughout Hebrews (7:5,12,16,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,8,16,28). Never ধর্ম or শরিয়ত.
Learned Obedience
Approved rendering: কষ্টের মধ্য দিয়ে বাধ্যতা শিক্ষা করলেন
Transliteration: koshter moddhye diye baddhota shikha korlen
Doctrine: Christ’s Obedience
Renders ἔμαθεν ἀφ᾽ ὧν ἔπαθεν τὴν ὑπακοήν (5:8), Christ’s experiential learning of obedience through suffering. Must never be read as implying moral imperfection or deficiency in the sinless Son prior to this, but rather the experiential, incarnate outworking of an obedience already perfectly disposed; a translator note is required.
Mediator
Approved rendering: মধ্যস্থ
Transliteration: moddhostho
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
The sole, sufficient covenantal go-between, a role Christ fulfills exclusively (8:6; 9:15; 12:24), replacing the entire priestly mediation system. Must be sharply distinguished from মধ্যস্থতা (intercession, inherited term above) and from folk-Islamic practice of seeking a pir’s mediation at a shrine and folk-Catholic saint intercession; Hebrews argues no further human mediator is needed or permitted.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: নতুন নিয়ম
Transliteration: notun niyom
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Renders καινή διαθήκη, the covenant Christ mediates, promised in Jeremiah 31 and expounded in ch. 8. নতুন নিয়ম is ALSO the standard Bengali title for the New Testament canon. Every occurrence must be checked so the covenantal reality is not misread as a reference to the book of Scripture; a clarifying gloss (‘নতুন নিয়ম, অর্থাৎ ঈশ্বরের নতুন চুক্তি, শাস্ত্রগ্রন্থ নয়’) is required at first occurrence per document.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা
Transliteration: bishwasher baddhota
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ধর্মীয় কর্তব্য পালন
Inherited from Romans package. Root sense underlies Christ’s ‘learned obedience’ (5:8) — see learned_obedience (new term) for the specific christological application, which must never imply prior moral deficiency in the sinless Son.
Offering
Approved rendering: উৎসর্গ
Transliteration: utshorgo
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: নৈবেদ্য
The act of presenting a cultic offering, applied to Christ’s self-presentation to God (9:14; 10:10). Never নৈবেদ্য, a term specifically denoting a Hindu temple/puja food-offering with prasad customs.
Once For All
Approved rendering: একবারমাত্র
Transliteration: ekbaromatro
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: বারবার, পুনঃপুনঃ
Renders ἅπαξ/ἐφάπαξ (7:27; 9:12,26-28; 10:2). Guards the linear-historical, non-repeatable nature of Christ’s sacrifice against cyclical-ritual assimilation to Hindu puja/yajna repetition. Must never permit a rendering implying repeatability.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer shamorthyo
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: শক্তি
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER শক্তি anywhere in Hebrews, given the intensified Shakta-goddess association; applies to all ‘power’ language in the book, e.g. 1:3 (φέρων), 2:14 (κράτος — render ক্ষমতা), 6:5 (δυνάμεις, ‘powers of the age to come’).
Providence
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের পরিচালনা
Transliteration: Ishshorer porichalona
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ভাগ্য, নিয়তি
Inherited from Romans package. Undergirds the Discipline and Providence of God doctrine (12:5-11) — see discipline (new term) for the specific rendering of παιδεία. Never fate or impersonal destiny.
Purify
Approved rendering: শুচি করা
Transliteration: shuchi kora
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders καθαρίζω/καθαρισμός, used of both OT ceremonial purification and Christ’s cleansing of the conscience (9:13-14,22-23). Must preserve, not collapse, the a fortiori contrast the text itself makes between external ritual cleanliness and forgiveness before a personal God.
Rest
Approved rendering: বিশ্রাম
Transliteration: bishram
Doctrine: God’s Rest
Renders κατάπαυσις/σαββατισμός, God’s promised rest, ultimately fulfilled in union with Christ (3:11,18; 4:1-11). Must be distinguished from Hindu/Buddhist moksha/nirvana as cessation of striving or extinguishing of self, and from mere ritual Sabbath-day observance. Where the Sabbath-typology link must be retained, use the compound সাব্বাথ বিশ্রাম (4:9).
Sacrifice Of Praise
Approved rendering: প্রশংসার বলিদান
Transliteration: proshongshar bolidan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
The metaphorical ‘sacrifice’ of praise, the fruit of lips acknowledging God’s name (13:15, θυσία αἰνέσεως). Inherits the বলিদান risk; requires an explicit gloss (‘প্রশংসার বলিদান, অর্থাৎ মুখের ফল’) to keep the metaphor clear and avoid Kali/Durga Puja blood-sacrifice association.
Sacrifice
Approved rendering: বলিদান
Transliteration: bolidan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: যজ্ঞ, নৈবেদ্য
Bengal is the historic heartland of Shakta Hinduism (Durga/Kali Puja), where বলিদান is the ordinary word for ritual blood-sacrifice offered to appease a goddess. Retained as the established Bengali Bible term, but every occurrence describing Christ’s own sacrifice MUST carry framing that it is his voluntary, self-giving, once-for-all act, not humanity appeasing a bloodthirsty deity. Highest-frequency fencing burden in the curriculum.
Saints
Approved rendering: পবিত্র লোক
Transliteration: pobitro lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: সাধু, সাধুগণ
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit corporate designation at 6:10 and 13:24 (‘all the saints’). Never সাধু/সাধুগণ.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: পবিত্রীকরণ
Transliteration: pobitrikoron
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: শুদ্ধিকরণ
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2:11; 10:10,14,29; 13:12. Must not collapse the deliberate two-stage a fortiori contrast the author draws at 9:13-14 between the OT system’s external ritual sanctifying effect and Christ’s inward conscience-cleansing effect — see sanctify_ritual (new term) for the 9:13 ritual sense specifically.
Sanctify Ritual
Approved rendering: পবিত্র করা
Transliteration: pobitro kora
Doctrine: Sanctification
The OT sacrificial system’s limited effect of purifying the flesh at 9:13 (ἁγιάζω), contrasted with Christ’s deeper effect on the conscience at 9:14. Contextual overlap with পবিত্রীকরণ; translators must preserve the deliberate two-stage argument rather than collapsing both verses into a single flattened rendering.
Shadow Copy True Form
Approved rendering: ছায়া / প্রতিরূপ / প্রকৃত রূপ
Transliteration: chaya / protirup / prokrito rup
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: মূর্তি, প্রতিমা, প্রতিমূর্তি
Renders σκιά / ὑπόδειγμα / ἀντίτυπος / εἰκών, the OT sanctuary and rites as a shadow/copy of the heavenly reality Christ fulfills (8:5; 9:23-24; 10:1). NEVER render this word-family with idol-image vocabulary (মূর্তি/প্রতিমা/প্রতিমূর্তি).
Sin Deliberately
Approved rendering: স্বেচ্ছায় পাপ করা
Transliteration: shechchhay pap kora
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Renders ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτανόντων (10:26), sinning willfully and deliberately after receiving knowledge of the truth. Central Warning Passage term; must not be softened into ordinary moral failure.
Sin
Approved rendering: পাপ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: অধর্ম, অশুচিতা
Inherited from Romans package. Load-bearing throughout chs. 2-4 and 9-10, dealt with once for all by Christ’s sacrifice. Distinct from ritual impurity or impersonal bad karma.
Veil
Approved rendering: যবনিকা
Transliteration: jabonika
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Rejected alternatives: পর্দা
Renders καταπέτασμα, the curtain separating the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, torn to signify Christ’s opened access (9:3; 10:20). NEVER পর্দা — in Bengali, especially in Bangladesh’s Muslim-majority context, পর্দা overwhelmingly denotes Islamic purdah, women’s veiling/seclusion. যবনিকা avoids this collision entirely.
Medium Risk Terms
Abba
Approved rendering: আব্বা
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. Not textually present in Hebrews but retained for cross-curriculum consistency with Romans 8:15, resonant with Hebrews 12:7,9’s Father-language.
Apostle
Approved rendering: প্রেরিত
Transliteration: prerito
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: দূত, বার্তাবাহক
Inherited from Romans package. Uniquely applied to Christ himself in 3:1 (‘the apostle and high priest of our confession’) — a distinctive christological usage distinct from the ordinary apostolic office; requires a clarifying translator note at first occurrence.
Assurance Hypostasis
Approved rendering: নিশ্চয়তা
Transliteration: nishchoyota
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Renders ὑπόστασις in its 11:1 sense (‘the substantiating ground/assurance of things hoped for’), distinct from the 1:3 essential-nature sense of the same Greek word (see essential_nature above). Context-sensitive polysemy; a translator note explaining the two distinct senses is recommended.
Blood
Approved rendering: রক্ত
Transliteration: rôkto
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
The life-substance whose shedding effects atonement, climactically Christ’s own blood (9:12-14; 10:19; 13:12,20). No lexical collision, but doctrinally load-bearing throughout chs. 9-10, 13; must never be flattened into a merely symbolic reference.
Church
Approved rendering: মণ্ডলী
Transliteration: mondoli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: মন্দির, গির্জা
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2:12 (quoting Psalm 22) and as ‘the assembly of the firstborn’ at 12:23. Never মন্দির.
Confession
Approved rendering: স্বীকারোক্তি
Transliteration: shikarokti
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Rejected alternatives: স্বীকৃতি
Believers’ public confession of Christ, held fast through perseverance (3:1; 4:14; 10:23). Ties directly to Romans 10:9’s যীশু প্রভু confession pattern already fixed in the baseline; consistency required.
Confidence Boldness
Approved rendering: সাহস
Transliteration: shahos
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders παρρησία, confident boldness to approach God, the climactic Access-doctrine term (3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35). Must convey confident, welcomed access, not presumption.
Conscience
Approved rendering: বিবেক
Transliteration: bibek
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders συνείδησις, the moral awareness cleansed by Christ’s blood from dead works (9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18). বিবেক is standard shared Bengali vocabulary; Hindu ethical usage carries a karma-linked sense of innate moral instinct rather than a conscience cleansable by another’s atoning blood. A note clarifying ‘conscience cleansed by Christ’s blood, not self-purified’ is required.
Covenant As Testament
Approved rendering: উইল / অসিয়ত
Transliteration: will / oshiyot
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
A deliberate Greek wordplay shift from ‘covenant’ to ‘will/testament’ (διαθήκη, 9:16-17), exploited by the author. Bengali has no single word carrying both senses; render with the legal-will sense here while keeping নিয়ম intact for the covenant sense elsewhere, with a mandatory translator note explaining the wordplay so the argument’s logic is not lost. অসিয়ত is also used in Bengali Muslim legal custom for a testamentary bequest, acceptable here since the sense at this verse is purely legal, not doctrinal.
Crucify Again
Approved rendering: পুনরায় ক্রুশে দেওয়া
Transliteration: punorai krushe deoya
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Renders ἀνασταυρόω (6:6), the rhetorical claim that apostates in effect ‘re-crucify’ the Son of God. Rhetorical, not literal, re-crucifixion; a note preventing a literalistic misreading is advisable.
David
Approved rendering: দায়ূদ
Transliteration: Dayud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced in the Psalm 95 citation (4:7) and among the heroes of faith (11:32).
Discipline
Approved rendering: শাসন
Transliteration: shashon
Doctrine: Discipline and Providence of God
Renders παιδεία, the Father’s formative training of his children through hardship (12:5-11). Must convey a loving Father’s formative training, not merely punitive punishment, and must be distinguished from an impersonal karmic consequence for past deeds (কর্মফল) or fate (ভাগ্য/নিয়তি).
Draw Near
Approved rendering: কাছে আসা
Transliteration: kache asha
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders προσέρχομαι, the believer’s confident approach to God’s throne of grace (4:16; 7:25; 10:22; 11:6). Must convey confident, invited approach to a personal, living God, distinct from ritualized approach to a temple image (darshan) or a shrine intermediary.
Essential Nature
Approved rendering: স্বরূপ / সত্তা
Transliteration: shôrup / shotta
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Renders ὑπόστασις in its 1:3 sense (‘essential nature/substance’), distinct from the 11:1 sense of the same Greek word (assurance/substantiating ground, see assurance_hypostasis below). A translator note explaining the two distinct senses of one Greek word is recommended.
First Covenant
Approved rendering: প্রথম নিয়ম
Transliteration: prothom niyom
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: পুরাতন নিয়ম (context-dependent alternative, same canon-title risk)
The Mosaic/Sinai covenant, declared obsolete (8:7,13; 9:1,15,18). Same canon-title ambiguity risk in reverse, since পুরাতন নিয়ম is also the Bengali title of the Old Testament; context clarification required.
Firstborn
Approved rendering: প্রথমজাত
Transliteration: prothomjato
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Angels
Renders πρωτότοκος, a title of supreme rank and priority applied to Christ (1:6) and to the church (12:23). Not birth order implying a beginning-point for the eternal Son; a brief doctrinal clarification is advisable at each occurrence, especially against a Hindu birth-order/avatar-lineage misreading.
Flesh And Blood
Approved rendering: রক্তমাংস
Transliteration: rôktomangsho
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Renders σάρξ καὶ αἷμα, Christ’s true, shared human nature (2:14). Affirms real, physical human nature against both a docetic/illusory avatara-style reading and the Islamic denial that Christ genuinely suffered and died.
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: ক্ষমা
Transliteration: khsoma
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Renders ἄφεσις, the release from the guilt of sin secured only through the shedding of blood (9:22). Legitimately renders this blood-price basis for release from guilt; must not be treated as fully interchangeable with the compound ধার্মিক বলে গণ্য হওয়া (justification), a related but distinct forensic doctrine.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: পরজাতি
Transliteration: porojati
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: বিদেশী
Inherited from Romans package. Not prominent in Hebrews, which addresses a primarily Jewish-background audience, but retained for cross-curriculum consistency.
Harden The Heart
Approved rendering: হৃদয় কঠিন করা
Transliteration: hridoy kothin kora
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Renders σκληρύνω, quoting Psalm 95 (3:8,13,15; 4:7). Must be tied to the living God being personally provoked, not an impersonal karmic consequence accruing automatically.
Holy Place
Approved rendering: পবিত্র স্থান
Transliteration: pobitro sthan
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders τὰ ἅγια, referring at different points to the earthly outer Holy Place (9:2) and to heaven itself (9:24). The referent shifts across ch. 9, requiring careful context marking.
Intercession
Approved rendering: মধ্যস্থতা
Transliteration: moddhosthota
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: সুপারিশ
Inherited from Romans package. Christ’s perpetual prayer on behalf of believers (7:25, ἐντυγχάνω). Must be kept distinct from মধ্যস্থ (the new term ‘mediator’ below), and from folk-Islamic pir-shrine or folk-Catholic saint-intercession practice.
Israel
Approved rendering: ইস্রায়েল
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Romans package. Subject of the new covenant promise quoted from Jeremiah 31 (8:8,10) and referenced at the Exodus (11:22).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ঈশ্বরের রাজ্য
Transliteration: Ishshorer Rajyo
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ঈশ্বরের দেশ
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the messianic throne citation (1:8) and the closing exhortation about the ‘unshakable kingdom’ (12:28). Not territorial or political.
Mercy Seat
Approved rendering: পাপাবরণ
Transliteration: papaboron
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
The golden atonement cover over the ark of the covenant (9:5, ἱλαστήριον), the physical furniture-object. Established Bengali OT term; must be distinguished in translator notes from the abstract ‘propitiation’ sense (see propitiation above) so readers do not confuse the object with the doctrine.
Ministering Spirits
Approved rendering: সেবাকারী আত্মা
Transliteration: sebakari attha
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Angels
Angels described as ministering spirits sent to serve believers (1:14, λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα). আত্মা here refers to created angelic spirit-beings, not the Holy Spirit; requires a clarifying note distinguishing these from পবিত্র আত্মা and from Bengali folk-belief ancestral/local spirits.
Most Holy Place
Approved rendering: মহাপবিত্র স্থান
Transliteration: mohapobitro sthan
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Renders ἅγια ἁγίων, the innermost sanctuary entered only once yearly by the high priest (9:3), foreshadowing Christ’s entrance into heaven itself. Standard compound, low ambiguity once holy_place is fixed by context.
Only Son
Approved rendering: একমাত্র পুত্র
Transliteration: ekmatro putro
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Renders μονογενής applied to Isaac (11:17), the same Greek word John’s Gospel applies to Christ. A brief note distinguishing Isaac’s unique covenant-son status from Christ’s unique divine Sonship (ঈশ্বরের পুত্র) prevents doctrinal blending of the two claims.
Peace
Approved rendering: শান্তি
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: সুখ, স্বস্তি
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in Melchizedek’s title ‘king of peace’ (7:2) and the closing benediction (12:14; 13:20). Relational/covenantal, not psychological calm.
Pioneer
Approved rendering: পথপ্রদর্শক
Transliteration: pothprodorshok
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Rejected alternatives: সিদ্ধিদাতা
Renders ἀρχηγός, Christ as the pioneer/founder of salvation (2:10), reappearing intensified at 12:2 (see founder_and_perfecter). Avoid সিদ্ধি-rooted compounds; descriptive rendering preferred.
Priest
Approved rendering: যাজক
Transliteration: jajok
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Refers to the Levitical cultic minister offering repeated sacrifices, surpassed by Christ’s singular priesthood. Same caste-conflation risk as মহাযাজক, at lower stakes since this names the office being surpassed, not Christ himself.
Priesthood
Approved rendering: যাজকত্ব
Transliteration: jajoktwo
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Abstract office-noun contrasted between the Levitical and Melchizedekian orders (7:11-24). Inherits the priestly-office caste-conflation risk noted for মহাযাজক/যাজক.
Radiance Of Glory
Approved rendering: মহিমার দীপ্তি
Transliteration: mohimar dipti
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: তেজ
Renders ἀπαύγασμα, the radiance/effulgence of God’s glory describing Christ (1:3). Built on মহিমা; never তেজ, already rejected in the Romans baseline for its Hindu deity-radiance/aura association.
Repentance
Approved rendering: মন-পরিবর্তন
Transliteration: mon-poriborton
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: অনুতাপ (alone)
Renders μετάνοια, the elementary teaching of turning from dead works (6:1), which 6:6’s apostate renders impossible to renew. Prefer মন-পরিবর্তন (volitional turning) over অনুতাপ alone, which suggests mere emotional remorse without the accompanying turn of allegiance.
Reward
Approved rendering: পুরস্কার
Transliteration: puroshkar
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Renders μισθός/μισθαποδοσία, the reward of faithful endurance (10:35; 11:6,26). Must not be assimilated to a karma-merit ‘earned reward’ framework; the reward flows from grace-enabled endurance, not meritorious accumulation.
Shrink Back
Approved rendering: পিছিয়ে যাওয়া
Transliteration: pichiye jaoya
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Renders ὑποστολή (10:39), drawing back from faith rather than persevering to the saving of the soul. Contrasted sharply with πίστις/endurance.
Tabernacle
Approved rendering: তাম্বু
Transliteration: tambu
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
The wilderness Tent of Meeting (9:1-5, σκηνή) and, by extension, the greater heavenly tabernacle Christ entered (8:2; 9:11). Distinguish the literal wilderness tent from the heavenly referent with the modifier স্বর্গীয় তাম্বু where meant.
Unbelief
Approved rendering: অবিশ্বাস
Transliteration: obishwas
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Renders ἀπιστία, the failure to trust God that barred the wilderness generation from his rest (3:12,19). Negation of বিশ্বাস.
Low Risk Terms
Ark Of The Covenant
Approved rendering: নিয়ম-সিন্দুক
Transliteration: niyom-sinduk
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
The sacred chest housing the covenant tokens (9:4). Standard OT compound, minimal risk.
Ashes And Sprinkling
Approved rendering: দমরীর ভস্ম / ছিটানো
Transliteration: domorir bhôsmo / chitano
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Renders σποδὸς δαμάλεως / ῥαντίζω, the ashes of the red heifer and the act of sprinkling used in OT purification rites (9:13,19-21). Descriptive OT ritual vocabulary; low collision risk, contextually paired with the high-risk purification terms above.
Cherubim
Approved rendering: করূব
Transliteration: korub
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
The winged heavenly beings overshadowing the mercy seat (9:5). Transliterated proper/technical noun; no collision.
Conviction Evidence
Approved rendering: প্রমাণ
Transliteration: proman
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Renders ἔλεγχος, conviction/proof of things not seen (11:1). Straightforward, low collision risk.
Dead Works
Approved rendering: মৃত কাজ
Transliteration: mrito kaj
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Renders νεκρὰ ἔργα (6:1; 9:14), works from which the conscience is cleansed to serve the living God. Triggers the same grace-vs-works escalation rule as Romans 4:4-5 and 11:5-6.
Endurance
Approved rendering: স্থিরতা
Transliteration: sthirota
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Renders ὑπομονή, steadfast endurance in the race of faith (10:36; 12:1). Core term for the doctrine; no lexical collision.
Exhort
Approved rendering: উৎসাহিত করা
Transliteration: utshahito kora
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Inherited from Romans package. Used of mutual exhortation among believers (3:13; 10:25; 13:22).
Fellowship
Approved rendering: সহভাগিতা
Transliteration: shohobhagita
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: বন্ধুত্ব
Inherited from Romans package. Expressed in the call not to neglect doing good and sharing (13:16).
Full Assurance
Approved rendering: পূর্ণ নিশ্চয়তা
Transliteration: purno nishchoyota
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Renders πληροφορία πίστεως (10:22), full assurance of faith with which believers may draw near. Built on বিশ্বাস; low ambiguity once the base term is fixed.
Guarantor
Approved rendering: জামিনদার
Transliteration: jaminder
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Christ as the legal guarantor of the better covenant (7:22). A familiar Bengali legal/financial term for a loan or bail guarantor, giving good natural resonance.
Order Of Melchizedek
Approved rendering: ধারা
Transliteration: dhara
Doctrine: The Priesthood of Melchizedek
Rejected alternatives: পদ্ধতি
The pattern/order (τάξις) by which Christ’s own priesthood is qualified (5:6,10; 7:11). Neutral administrative term, low lexical risk.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ভাববাণী
Transliteration: bhabbani
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: গণনা
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in the ‘many times and in many ways’ of 1:1.
Prophet
Approved rendering: ভাববাদী
Transliteration: bhabbadi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: জ্যোতিষী
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:1, ‘God spoke… by the prophets.‘
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ধন্যবাদ
Transliteration: dhonnobad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. Adjacent to 13:15’s ‘fruit of lips that acknowledge his name.’ No significant doctrinal risk.
Referenced passages